materi kuliah mikologi reproduksi fungi
TRANSCRIPT
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Materi Kuliah MIKOLOGI Materi Kuliah MIKOLOGI REPRODUKSI fungiREPRODUKSI fungi
Anna RakhmawatiJurdik Biologi FMIPA UNY
Email: [email protected]
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REPRODUKSI DAN SIKLUS HIDUP
aseksual seksual
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REPRODUKSI
*Pembentukan individu baru
*Aseksual (fase anamorf)
*Seksual (fase teleomorf;fusi nuclei kompatibel)
*Pembentukan agen dispersal*Pembentukan agen dispersal
*Struktur tahan kondisi ekstrem
*kondisi untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif; sporulasiasex dan sex berbeda
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Siklus reproduksi asex dan sex
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REPRODUKSI ASEKSUAL1. Fission (pembelahan)
2. Bud (pertunasan)
3. Produksi spora
a. Arthrospora=fragmentasi hifa
b. Chlamydospora=dinding tebalb. Chlamydospora=dinding tebal
c.Sporangiospora=berkembang dlm
sporangium (pucuk hifa)
d. Konidiospora (konidia)=tdk dlm kantung,
pucuk/samping hifa
e. Blastospora=vegetatif mother cell-budding
f. Zoospora= berflagella
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Arhtrospora/arthrokonidia
-Spora yg terbentuk dari
fragmentasi hifa
-apabila pada kondisi
sesuai tumbuh mjd
individu baru
Ex=
-Geotrichum candidum
-Coccidiodioides immitis
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Chlamydospora
-sel hifa yg berdinding tebal
apabila lingk. Tdk
menguntungkan
-sel tt yg memperoleh ekstra
nutrien,membesar, dan
dinding selnya mbesardinding selnya mbesar
-ukuran lbh besar
-terminal;interkalar
-resting cell-lingk sesuai –hifa
Ex: Rhizopus sp;Mucor sp
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Sporangiospora=spora
-spora yg terbentuk dlm
sporangium (kantung)
-sporangiofor; kolumela
Ex: Rhizopus sp; Mucor sp;
Pilobolus sp
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Mucor sp Absidia sp
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Konidiospora=konidia
-tidak dalam kantung
-pucuk,samping hifa
-sel konidiogenos(conidiogenous
cell) –sel pembentuk konidia
Ex: Aspergillus sp; Penicillium sp;
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Blastokonidia
-Tunas
-Yeastlike cell
-Candida albicans
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REPRODUKSI pada YEAST1. Asex
a. Budding-bud (blastospora) ex:Saccharomyces sp
b. Fission ex: Schizosaccharomyces sp
c. Konidia(tangkai pendek,tdk umum)ex:Fellomyces sp
d. Filamentasi (pseudohifa)
e. Endospora (tdk umum) ex: Cryptococcus spe. Endospora (tdk umum) ex: Cryptococcus sp
f. klamidospora ex: Candida albicans
g.Germ tube(filamen tipis tanpa konstriksi)ex: C. Albicans
h. Ballistospora (sterigmata;dilepas ke udara) ex: Bullera sp
2. sex: askospora; basidiospora
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Dimorfisme (M. indicus) S.
cerevisiae
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Myxomycota
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Reproduksi sex chytridiomycota
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Reproduksi asex oomycota
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Reprod asex Chytridiomycota
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Reproduksi sexual Oomycota
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Reprod sex Zygomycota
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Zygospora
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Basidiomycota
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Pembentukan basidiospora
tipe karpus sex holobasidium
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Reproduksi seksual & aseksual pd
kapang
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Karpus (=tubuh buah sex)
a. cleistohecia b. perithecium
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c. apothecium
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Pembentukan askospora
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Pembentukan ascospora
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Karpus asex
Acervulus Pycnidium
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Karpus asex
Sporodochium=mirip bantalan2 tebal
Synnemata=konidiofor berdekatan
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