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NALYTICALCHEMISTRY

UILIBRIUMCALCULATIONS

chawholeseriesofchemical

equentlyencountered.Insuchmix-

isquite differentfromthatofthe

Adetailedknowledgeofthecom-

sessentialfor theunderstandingof

ctuallymeasuringtheamountof

esent,theonlywayto obtainthis

derationoftheappropriateequilibria.

edures,questionsofthefollowing

formationobtainedthroughequilib-

substanceprecipitate(orsepa-

has bysolventextractionorion

andifso,towhatextent?Will other

erthesameconditions?Ifso,canwe

omplexingagentsorcontrollingthe

btaina selectiveseparation?

sticsofreactionsthatare ofprac-

termination?Dotheyproceedtoa

ethenatureandextentof anyside

hatarethecriteriafor theselec-

hysical,chemical,orbiological

equallyessentialtoknowtheirde-

achspeciesthatispresentmakesa

seproperties.

ibriumconstantsisnaturallyof

solutionofproblemsofthe typeout-

eequilibriumconstant(andAF)

cterizingachemicalreactionandis

derations.Astudyofequilibrium

abasisforevaluationofthe influence

hemanyfactorsrelatedtochemical

on,AH aswellasAF,is of

kis largelybasedontheassump-

uilibriumconstantvaluesareavail-

tionsdescribed.Descriptionsofthe

erminationofequilibriumconstants

book.However,theessentialfea-

nsareimplicitinthe expressionsde-

steadofhavingtheconcentration

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