medical image processing medical image processing and neural networks laboratory 1 chapter 1...

Medical Image processing

Medical Image Processing and Neural Networks Laboratory 1

Chapter 1Introduction

國立雲林科技大學資訊工程研究所張傳育 (Chuan-Yu Chang ) 博士Office: ES 709TEL: 05-5342601 ext. 4337E-mail: [email protected]

2Medical Image Processing & Neural Networks Laboratory

Introduction

The Object of this chapter defined the scope of image processing Give a historical perspective Briefly discuss the principal approaches The components contained in a general purpose

image processing


What is digital image processing? What is digital image processing?

An image may be defined as a 2D function f(x,y)wherex, y: spatial coordinatesamplitude of f(x,y) is called the intensity or gray level

Digital image Digital image processing

Processing digital images by means of a digital computer. The element of a digital image

Picture elements, image elements, pixel


What is digital image processing? (cont.) Three types computerized processes:

Low level Basic operations such as noise reduction, contrast

enhancement, and image sharpening. Mid-level

Segmentation, classification High-level

Understand the meaning of the recognized objects.


The origins of Digital Image Processing Historical Perspective

1920 Bartlane cable picture

transmission system Coded tape by a

telegraph printer with special type faces

5 gray levels 1921

Tape punched


The origins of Digital Image Processing (cont.)

1929 15 gray level



A series of key advances that led to computers powerful enough to be used for digital image processing: The invention of the transistor by Bell Lab. In 1948 The development of the high-level programming languages

in the 1950s and 1960s. The invention of the IC at Texas Instruments in 1958. The development of OS in the early 1960s. The development of the P by Intel in the early 1970s. Introduction by IBM of the PC in 1981. Progressive miniaturization of components.


The origins of Digital Image Processing (cont.) The first computer powerful enough to carry out meaningful

image processing tasks appeared in the early 1960s. 1964

First picture of the moon By spacecraft Ranger 7 July 31, 1964 at 9:09 A.M



The late 1960s and early 1970s digital image processing techniques began to be used in medical imaging, remote Earth resource observations, and astronomy.

The invention in the early 1970s of computerized tomography (CT) in one of the most events in the application of image processing in medical diagnosis. CT was invented by Godfrey N. Hounsfield and Allan M.

Cormack, who shared the 1979 Nobel prize.


Examples of fields that use digital image processing

The electromagnetic spectrum arranged according to energy per photon


Gamma-ray

Examples of fields that use digital image processing (cont.)



X-ray imaging Medical diagnostics Industrial inspection



Ultraviolet(紫外線 ) band imaging Lithography(石版印刷 ) Industrial inspection Microscopy(顯微鏡 ) Laser Biological imaging Astronomical

observation(天文觀測 )



Imaging in the Visible and Infrared bands



Thematic bands in NASA’s LANDSAT satellite


Examples of fields that use digital image processing (cont.) Multispectral image of Hurricane Andrew taken by NOAA

GEOS Weather observation and prediction are major applications

of multispectral imaging from satellites.



Infrared imaging Nighttime Lights of the

World Provides a global

inventory of human settlements

From NOAA DMSP satellite

From band 10.0 to 13.4 m



Automated visual inspection of manufactured goods.



Fingerprints Enhance them Find features that aid in

the automated search of a database for potential matches

Paper currency Automated license

plate reading



Imaging in the Microwave Band



Imaging in the Radio Band


Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing


Components of an Image Processing System

medical image processing medical image processing and neural networks laboratory 1 chapter 1...

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