mehanizmi starenja i dugovječnosti - prof. dr. sc. ivica rubelj
DESCRIPTION
Poruke predavanja: (1) Poznati su najvažniji mehanizmi koji kontroliraju starenje kod sisavaca, dakle i kod čovjeka. (2) Starenje je plastičan proces na koji se može utjecati. (3) Razvoj metoda usporavanja starenja će imati veliki utjecaj na našu civilizaciju.Čovjek je zaokupljen starenjem otkad je postao svjestan tijeka vremena i ograničenosti trajanja tijela. Unatoč golemom interesu i stalnim pokušajima da se utječe na starenje, ono je ostalo nedokučiv misterij - sve do nedavno! Znanstvena otkrića u proteklih nekoliko godina su uvelike razjasnila najvažnije mehanizme starenja od molekularne razine u stanicama do procesa starenja organizma. Usporedo sa spoznajama o mehanizmima starenja rastu i naša saznanja o tome kako se boriti protiv takvih procesa. Svjedoci smo ubrzanog razvoja metoda koje nam omogućavaju da aktivno moduliramo svoje starenje i otvaraju perspektive da se značajno produži ljudski vijek uz produženje zdravlja i vitalnosti.TRANSCRIPT
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Prof. dr. sc.Prof. dr. sc. Ivica RubeljIvica Rubelj
Laboratorij za molekularnu i staničnu biologijuLaboratorij za molekularnu i staničnu biologiju
Zavod za molekularnu Zavod za molekularnu biologiju, biologiju, IRBIRB
MEHANIZMI STARENJA MEHANIZMI STARENJA
I DUGOVJEČNOSTII DUGOVJEČNOSTI
Skeptici 2013
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Starenje je Starenje je procesproces sveobuhvatnog sveobuhvatnog, , ireverireverzzibibiillnog inog i progresiv progresivnognog tjelesnog tjelesnog propadanja koje se događa tijekom propadanja koje se događa tijekom vremenavremena..
Genes, Aging, and Immortality. Charlotte A. SpencerGenes, Aging, and Immortality. Charlotte A. Spencer
Što je starenjeŠto je starenje??
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StarenjeStarenje ??
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Alchemist searching for the Philosopher's Stone Joseph Wright of Derby
Eduard Veith - Fountain of Youth
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Na dugovječnost se može utjecati !Na dugovječnost se može utjecati !
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Porast broja stogodišnjaka u SADPorast broja stogodišnjaka u SAD
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Jeanne Louise Calment:21 February 1875 – 4 August 1997
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Starenje se odvija na staničnoj razini !Starenje se odvija na staničnoj razini !
Starenje kontroliraju telomere!Starenje kontroliraju telomere!
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L. Hayflick
Stanično starenjeStanično starenje
HL
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mladi fibroblasti stari fibroblasti
In vitroIn vitro
35 god.
75 god.
In vivoIn vivo
Accumulation of senescent cells in tissues
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TELOMERE ?TELOMERE ?
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TelomereTelomere
??
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Telomere ↔ stanično starenje ?
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Teorija marginotomije
mlade
stare
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TelomerazaTelomeraza
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C. Greider
TelomerazaTelomeraza
spolne stanicespolne stanice
matične stanice matične stanice
tumorske stanicetumorske stanice
jednostaničnicijednostaničnici
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J. Shay W. Wright
Telomeraza u normalnim fibroblastimaTelomeraza u normalnim fibroblastima
HL
HL
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Mice overexpressing telomerase (TERT) age more slowly than normal mice. (Blasco laboratory)
Ekspresija telomeraze na razini organizmaEkspresija telomeraze na razini organizma
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Maria A. Blasco
Tert delays ageing. Survival curves and % mice living for more than three years. Neuromuscular coordination as % of mice passing the tightrope test.
Tomas-Loba et al. Cell 135, 609–622, November 14, 2008
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Or Not….Or Not….
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TWO MICE INVOLVED IN AN EXPERIMENT ON AGE-RELATED DEGENERATION. MICE WHOSE TELOMERASE GENE WAS ACTIVATED SHOWED NOTABLE IMPROVEMENTS
Ronald A. DePinho
Reeksprimiranje telomereze na razini organizma
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Telomere kao indikatori dugovječnosti, Telomere kao indikatori dugovječnosti, bolesti, stresa...bolesti, stresa...
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Adapted from: Tsuji, A., A. Ishiko, et al. (2002). "Estimating age of humans based on telomere shortening." Forensic Sci Int 126(3): 197-9.
Zašto mjeriti telomere?Zašto mjeriti telomere?
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Association of telomere length in blood DNA after age 60 with subsequent survival.Data are plotted as fitted and smoothed survival curves, according to the group prognosis method. Longer identifies individuals from the top half of the telomere length distribution and shorter those from the bottom half of the distribution. Years since draw means the interval ending with that year (eg, 71 people at risk at end of year 1 for longer group, both sexes).
Predikcija dugovječnosti?
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The relationship between telomere length and survival in humans (after Bakaysa et al. 2007). Those with the longest telomere lengths have the highest survival prospects.
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Telomere length (adjusted for age, gender, and group) according to the absence (gray bars) or presence (white bars) of various age-related diseases in the study subjects. Number of individuals analyzed in each group: hypertension (n = 125), without hypertension (n = 142), with the metabolic syndrome (n = 59), without the metabolic syndrome (n = 286), diabetes (n = 34), without diabetes (n = 276). The MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) was performed in centenarians only: MMSE score ≤25 (gray bars, n = 46) or >25 (white bars, n = 32). *P < 0.05.
Dulje telomere – bolje zdravljeDulje telomere – bolje zdravlje
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Telomere Length in the Newborn
Žene žive duže
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Telomere length and telomerase activity levels in extreme high- and low-stress groups.(A) Average telomere length and SE are shown. The highstress group had shorter
telomeres even after controlling for age.(B) Average telomerase activity and SE are shown. The high-stress group had lower
telomerase activity even after controlling for age.
STRESSTRES
!!
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Može li se utjecati na naše Može li se utjecati na naše
telomere i starenje?telomere i starenje?
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Longer lives: In tests, the anti-ageing pill increased the life expectancy of animals by 38 per cent
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Starenje i prehranaStarenje i prehrana
Resveratrol
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(Reprinted) JAMA, January 20, 2010—Vol 303, No. 3
Zdraviji metabolizam – sporiji gubitak telomera
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ANALITIKA ANALITIKA TELOMERATELOMERA
Laboratorij za molekularnu i staničnu biologiju, IRB
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Elizabeth BlackburnElizabeth Blackburn
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Odlučite živjeti duže i zdravije!Odlučite živjeti duže i zdravije!
Sports & recreationSports & recreationAnti-aging foodAnti-aging food
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ZAHVALJUJEM NA POZORNOSTIZAHVALJUJEM NA POZORNOSTI