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Njhnjb tkk \cecacwi!wjjrmfj Mcwc|i. gjafcm

Tcmc|km mk . ecrjmjIkec trjcorkjm z i|akn i wjrkm mcwcf rjai`ifi! Njhnjb mifjbmc` rjmzek mifj vkocrkwafkc

mk |wcfj tcrjeac- Z j| wjecwk C|nkm|ej lkrjwimj |knc fj cm vk|azic jtij mkfwjj`

wjvirk!

Tij6 I|nj Eckm

Z J\R wjecwk bz`cf i|crifi C|nkm|ej lkrjwimj! vk wrjnj ribj|j i j| |zakmk! ivnjmfkac |j

mk wak|i zeztmc ?;4 wjaieih wjvirk- Njzin! zr|ei i|crikri |j |akz bk |knc fjbkm cb mfih

vk|azzfj jtij mkfwjj`- Rc fj fj Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi! tcrjeacn \roim iv Oc|mj! ecfi fj!

bc|cfmc wjaiimi i `jmifz |wc` trwc` `c|tcbkrk i mkfwjj` cb |wih tkbikhk! \zajfnkmk

Wjaikm|wjmc`! zvbi`kc intjrifz bc mj|azjmih wi|imk! `bj fj mjc`rkmijmcn wakbkwimcn i

nzbrcz wjaiec` bitacnkj i rkmiek cbrkc i vk wrjnj mk|ajbmiek mjbc|cfmih injmk wjaiec`

Vkecmcbkwlk-

Z cwcn gjafcmz trc|ajbijnc iwccti| i bjac mjc`rkmijmc` ztrkwijafk Rzr|ej lkrjwimj! ecfjn

|j mkwrkwk :44 `cbimk cb rcjmfk! trjb ecfin fj! ojvnkac ljc fjbkm afzb|ei wje! brhkak Jwrctk!

i wjaiec` brkwmiek ecfi fj mjtc`rjiwin im|imecn mik nkmfj` wcf|ecwcj i rkmiek mknjkc

nir |koafcn i ctcwink- Mjekbkmfi kkl i mj|zjmi ncmkh iv Niajjwj! cb mfj`cwih rcbmih

\cecacwik! trjec fjbrjm|ec` |krkfk i Jmbjrzmk i mkfwiih brkwmih gzmelifk z Lkri`rkbz! ikec

trjcorkjm mk i|akn i i|erjmc wjrkm mcwcf rjai`ifi! mifj mifjbmc` rjmzek vkocrkwafkc |wcfj

tcrjeac! c fj tcekvkc |wcfcn tctz|afiwcn tcaiiecn trjnk \roink i! |knc mfj`cwcn

vk|az`cn comcwafjmcn Tjecn tkrifkrifcn! mk ifjn fj jaz z|caiic|wc` rcjmc` orkk

Nkekrifk-

Trkji mjtrjeibmz zvakvmz aimifz bwcr|ec` tkk ecfi fj! vkhwkafzfzi |wcfcf crcznmc|i i

|tc|comc|ink! inkc |rjz bk |j okwi z mkfoaicf oaivimi i ozbj z niac|i wjaiec` tkbikhk

\zajfnkmk! wibjjnc mfj`cw iwc i ekc aimc` lkrjwc` |cokrk i crzkrk! kbnirkak ncrmkrilj!

rznjaif|ec` oj`ajroj`k! ecnkmbkmk wcfmj trciw Kz|rifj i c|wkfkk \i`jk i Krkoifj i! mktc|j!

tkj |k ri z`k! ecfi fj fjbimi cb |wih wjaieih wjvirk inkc k| bk |j cbri z |azoi ke ri |zakmk -

\cecacwijw `jmif brkwmiek mifj wibafiw |knc tc wr|cn brkmfz biv`imk c|nkm|ej wak|i mkecm

|nri `c|tcbkrk rifz ecmimjmkk . \zajfnkmk Wjaikm|wjmc`! wj i z mfj`cwcf knoilifi bk

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lkrjwimi trciri mcwj i mj|azjmj wibiej i zimi fj kt|cazmin `c|tcbkrcn |rjbmfj Kvifj i

Imbif|ec` cejkmk! vk k |j ztz|ic z! vk cmc wrjnj gkmk|imz kwkmzrz trcectkwkmfk ekmkak

Bcm.Wca`k! ecfj` fj rjokac bk |tcfi |k ncrjn! Ek|tif|ec fjvjrc |k Lrmin ncrjn! k cbnkh ivk

c`k takmirkc fc wji tcbzhwk . trcoifkmfj \zjlec` ekmkak-

Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi fj! |akz |j i zr|ei i jwrct|ei i|crikri! tciwjc bcwcafmc bk c|kwi

mjivori|iw rk` z i|crifi C|nkm|ej lkrjwimj- Tc`imzc fj rk`imc! ekc rwk tcaiiej vkwjrj! cb

rzej! ircmifcn |zboimj! fjbmc` bjrwik ecfi nz fj tcrjeacn oic vjnafke iv Oc|mj- Oiac fj c z 02-

`cbimi mfj`cwc` iwck i! imi |j z trkwc wrjnj! bk mj oi |wcfin cink wibjc tcjke mk`ac`

trctkbkmfk intjrifj! z ifjn fj |wkrkmfz nci i |kn zj|wcwkc! k mkb ecfcn |z |j! oic fj

|wjbce! tc|ajbmfih mjecaiec `cbimk mfj`cwk iwck tcjai bk mkbwifkfz nzrmi coakli! mkfkwafzfzi

lkrjwkmfj |wj`k cmc`k trciw j`k |j |win |iaknk ocric . nik! ecrztlifj i wakbkwimz hkrjnk

intjrifcn-

iwc Njhnjbk \cecacwik mifj akec trkii! fjr |z i|crif|ei ivwcri aijmi ctirmifih tcbkkek c

mfj`cwcn mkfrkmifjn iwcz! tc`ccwc tjricbk ecfi fj wjvkm vk mfj`cwc cbwcjmfj z lkr|ei |krkf

z Fjbrjmz i mfj`cwc z|timfkmfj z bwcr|ecf |azoi- Wi|cei i mkcii Oc|kmkl tkc fj wij z ci

zr|ein i|crikrink je ekbk fj! mktrk|mc! oic mkinjmcwkm vk wrhcwmc` ektjkmk ncrmkrilj- Cb

kbk `k trkj z ecrke! k |wj cmc c |j bc`kkac z mfj`cwcn mkfrkmifjn bcoz! c|kwafjmc fj bk |j

lrtj iv zrih tcnimfkmfk zr|eih i|crikrk i trjbkmfk |rt|ec` mkrcbk! j`k |j! iv rkvznafiwih

rkvac`k! rjok trihwkii |k bzmcn rjvjrwcn- Vkin iv nkacorcfmih ti|kmih bjak c mfjnz mk

|rt|ecn fjviez i! mk erkfz! tjbkmmj bitacnk|ej trjti|ej bzorcwkeih i wjmjlifkm|eih

knok|kbcrk mk c|nkm|ecn bwcrz! ecfi |z tcnmc ojajiai |wkej bjkafj wjvkmj vk wjaiec` wjvirk!

cb ifj fj niac|i vkwi|iak i |zboimk mfihcwj r`cwkej nci z \rjbcvjnafz-

Ojv |znmfj! fjbmc cb mkfecntajmifih ti|kmih bjak c mkfwjjn c|nkm|ecn wjvirz mk |rt|ecn

fjviez fj emfi`k Njhnjb \cecacwi _kbcwkmk \knkrbik! ecfk fj |k grkmlz|ec` trjwjbjmk mk

zr|ei! k wj wij cb bjljmifj mj |iakvi iv wirimk zr|eih emfikrk- Z mfcf fj! ivnjz c|kac`!

vkojajjmc ztrkwc cmc c mjbc|kfj zr|ein i|crikrink . mkrcbmc trjbkmfj c cbwcjmfz Okfk

\cecacwik z Fjbrjmj-

MKCIR! TKNJRKM NCNKE

TCJRECN BWI wjek! ekbk |j vk tcrjoj czwkmfk trcirjmih `rkmilk zr|ej lkrjwimj tcfkwiak

tcrjok vk |wjin |mk`knk z krnifi! C|nkmaifj |z fc wij trioj`aj rkmifj wj ctrcokmcf trke|i

tctzmj wcfmc` tcbnakek tzjn vw- bjwirnj! ecfk fj ecb mk| tcvmkk ekc bkmke z erwi-

Tj.j| `cbimk tcc fj hjrlj`cwkei |kmbke.oj` \ejmbjr Crmc|cwi bcoic vktcwj| iv

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Lkri`rkbk bk tc Oc|mi i Hjrlj`cwimi tcezti hiafkbz kbjnic`akmk i bcwjbj ih z |krkfj! z Oc|mz

|j ivk ;:?4- ztzic Fjiabj Njhnjb.oj`! rkji ekc i mfj`cw trjhcbmie! |tc|comj nakbij vk

lkr|ez |azoz- Tc|aj bz`c` coiakjmfk Oc|mj i |z|jbmih erkfjwk! Fjiabj.oj`k tz fj mkmjc z |jac

\cecacwii ecb _zbk z wij`rkb|ecn ekbiazez! `bj fj bczc triz c mkcicn i tknjmcn

ncnez Okfz ecfi fj oic bk z ncmkez |azoz ecb mfj`cwc` zfkek z Niajjwi -

Ojaj` wjaiej |rjjMk jaz wkj` |imk ojaj` fj wjaiej |rjj! ecfi ekvzfj bk j cm z |zakmcwcf oaivimi bci bc

wjcnk wjaieih tcackfk! ekvkc fj Njhnjb.oj` mj|rjmin rcbijafink Okfk \cecacwik-

@rztz cb jrbj|jke bjkek! njz ecfink fj oic i Okfc! trinic fj |zakm \zajfnkm zFjbrjmz-

Tij6 I|nj Eckm

NI\IFK fkfk .okj! Fjiabj Njhnjb.oj`k! z ecfcf fj njz jrbj|j bjkek i nakbik iv Oc|mj

tceztafjm i Okfc \cecacwi! oiak fj z|kafjmk trcljbzrk ecfk |j tc mkac`z Tcrj cbwifkak

tcwrjnjmc i trjnk tcrjoi-

Fkmikrj! zr|ez |kfkz tjkbifz i jaimz |zakmcwz wcf|ez! trjtc|kwafk |j! c|mcwkc fj fc |zakm

Crhkm z ;2- wjez- Bjwirnz! trieztafkmfj iwc` wcfmc` tcrjvk vktcjc fj fc |zakm Njhnjb

jajoi z trwcf tcacwimi ;:- wjek! kai fj cmk z trkwcn |ni|az im|izlifkaivcwkmk je vk wrjnj

|zakmk Nzrkk Brz`c`! bk oi tc|jokm vknkh bcoiak z wrjnj |zakmk Njhnjbk C|wkfkk! k

mkfjk fj oiak z ;0- wjez- Vk ozbzz fkmikr|ez |azoz! zvinkmk |z! trwjm|wjmc! bjlk i nakbii

iv hrikm|eih gkniaifk! k z ek|mifin tjricbink! ekbk |jtcfkwiak tcrjok vk czwkmfjn trcirjmih

`rkmilk i zmzrkmfj` nirk! i iv rjbcwk Rzrkek! Li`kmk i Fjwrjfk- Cbzvinkmfj hrikm|ej bjlj fj

oiac zeimzc ;7

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Mkfwij fkmikrk! cec :2-444! z zr|ecf wcf|li oiac fj |rjbimcn ;7- wjek- \k ctkbkmfjn zr|ej

nci! fkmikri ivkviwkfz ozmj i mjrjbj i tc|kfz ctk|mifi vk wak| |zakmk mj`c vk mjtrifkjafk-

Njhnjb Brz`i fj ;8?7- z`zic z erwi mfihcwj tcozmj z Lkri`rkbz! zeimzc ih i zwjc mivkn! f-

rjbcwmz wcf|ez! tc|aj j`k fj trj|kak i tcrjok vk zoirkmfjn iwc` wcfmc` tcrjvk! cbmc|mc

bjwirnj-

Hkaecmbiak|! |kwrjnjmie Nzrkk Brz`c`! ecfjn |j triti|zfj z|kwrjmfj i zrjjmfj zr|ej wcf|ej!

mkrcic fkmikrk! ctirmc i wjrmc cti|zfj |zakmcw kocr i zrjjmfj mfj`cwj wcf|ej! vk ecfz ekj

bk voc` wi|cec` |jtjmk rjbk i |wrhcwic|i ivkviwk |wkec tccwkmfj- \zakmcwk tcrk |j |k|cfi

cb j| bc bj|j hiafkbk tjkek- Zhwkjmj bjkej kafj z Kvifz bk oi knc bwj .ri `cbimj mkziai

zr|ei fjvie- Kec z bcwcafmcf njri vmkfz fjvie! kafj bwj.ri hiafkbj z ncrmkrilz z @kaitcafj bk zj

tcncr|wc- \wkej `cbimj bcoifkfz cbjz i |koafz- Cbkwbj |z tcvwkmi mk |zakmcwz tcrz |k bc|k

takj vk zvbrkwkmfj! k mjei bcoifkfz i wij- Cmi wcrj z|ei |zakmcw erz`---

Trjnk zr|ein ivwcrink! bjwirncn |z |j eztiak bjlk i nakbii zvrk|k cb c|kn! bj|j! tjmkj|!

c|knmkj| iai bwkbj|j `cbimk! kai tcmkfwij cmi |krc|i cb ;2 bc ;8 `cbimk- Bjwirnk fj

trieztafkmk fjbmcn z ri! tj iai |jbkn `cbimk i |eztafkac |j! cbfjbmcn! ivnjz bwj hiafkbj i

bj|j hiafkbk bjlj ecfk |z! z`akwmcn! oiak oirkmk tc giviecf |mkvi! tknji i ajtci -

I|crif|ec tknjmfj bkmek z erwi! ekec fj njz hrikm|ecn rkfcn mkvwkmk bjwirnk! zrjvkmc

fj tcbfjbmkec i njz \roink! kai i @rzviflink i _z|ink- \knkrbi! tcviwkfzi |j mk wjaiei orcf

i|crif|eih ojajkek! ecfj ekvzfz bk |z rcbijafi! z |rkhz vk |wcfz bjlz! cbwcbiai |wz jafkb z

takmimz ekb oi |j zac bk mkiakvi |eztafk bjwirnj! mkwcbi bk |z voc` c`k ikwj tcrcbilj

trjoj`kwkaj z |z|jbmz brkwz! k bk |z tcfjbimi rcbijafi rkbifj |wcfz bjlz |kekiai mj`c ih

trjbkwkai Rzrlink z rzej-

\kzwkmj |z i wj|i bk |z mjej nkfej i|ti|iwkaj |imcwink er| mk jaz iai mk rzli |cecn fjbmj

crcwmj rkwj! ecfi oi c|kwic ciafke i kec ih vkmkwje cbwkfkaj cb Rzrkek- Trioj`kwkac |j

tcmjekb i rkmcf jmiboi! tk |j mkiakviac mk bjkej triwjmkmj wj z bwkmkj|cf `cbimi- Kai! zr|ej

wak|i |z |j akec bc|jkaj cwkewin bcwifkmfink! kec bk oi! znj|c |tk|k! jj z|ajbiak mfihcwk

cbnkvbk- Voc` c`k fj! ekc mkfljai|hcbmifj |rjb|wc c|kfkac c bk |j bjj cezti iai hkrkaifk

nicn cbcorcwcafi! kai fj oiac nkac ezk ecfj |z kekw rcke nc`aj bk tcbmj|z- Tcmkwafkmfj

fjbmj tcfkwj! oiac c i mk|iafj! itke bcwcbi bc mkwiekwkmfk---

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Ekb fj Fjiabj Njhnjb.oj` tkc z \cecacwij! Okfc |j! wjrcwkmc! vkjekc z cjwcf ezi iai fj

fkfk.okk! bcvmkwi ekewc` |imk ink bcnkim Binirifj! mkrjbic bk ik bcwjbz iv Niajjwj- Cwk

brz`k trjtc|kwek |j imi wjrcwkmifcn! fjr |j tcrjb ckfmih rcbijafk tcfkwic i tcnjmzi

ekazjr! Okfcw |ril iai zfke! ecfi fj tcezkc bk bjj |kzwk- \kri \cecacwi |j! ekz zr|ei ivwcri!

corkic zrkez bk nz tcnc`mj mcwljn ekec oi ceztic |imk- Ekazjr fj! vki|k! |win |iaknk

mk|cfkc bk tribcoifj iai tcezti fkfk.okz! tcmzbiwi nz gkrkcm|ei mcwkl vk bjkek! kai oj`

mifj bcvwcaic bk nz |j i|trafkfz |ezi-

\ircin rcbijafink fj fc fjbimcc|kac c bk bjj |kerifz! bk oj`k mjekec vkwkrkfz! bk |kjekfz

triaiez ekb j ncbk bk `k tribcoifz- \keztafk bkmek z erwi mifj oic |knc mjzncafiw- _kvac`

rcbijaf|ej mj|rjj i ckfk cm fj i|erjmc wibjc z mfihcwcf vkoazbjac|i i mjvmkmfz- Voc` c`k fj

rjekc \cecacwiink6 Jf! mjvmkailj i tzmili tc oj|tzink tkeak+ Vkr mj vmkj bk j cwkf

|ircnkh bjec z tkbikhcwcf |azoi tc|ki j|i3 Ekb cm! mj|znmfiwin |krkmfjn |zakmcwin!

tc|i`mj wjiz |rjz! |wkei cb wk| bci j bc wjmc` oc`k|wk i rkfmj |rjj- Fjr! cwk brkwk fj

Hznkf.tilk! ecfk fj tkak mk wk |cf! k wi fj |wcfin `aztc|ink cb`cmij i |wcfin rzeknk

|ct|wjmz ezz tkaij+ Mk jaz wkj`k |imk ojaj` fj wjaiej |rjj! ecfi ekvzfj bk j cm z

|zakmcwcf oaivimi! z |azoi bcorcwcrk! bci bc wjcnkwjaieih tcackfk---

Rkec fj nicacek Hznkf.tilk! ecfk wjic |rjmin imi |wkec`k ecnj mfjmk |jmek tkbmj mk

`akwz! trjajjak i ivmkb |jak \cecacwik- Zwikfzi bk ncrkfz bk trjbkfz |imk! rcbijafi |z bjkek

ivwzeai iv |ercwik i vkncaiai fkfk.okz mjek in `k bcorc tri`ajbkfz- Fjiabj Njhnjb.oj` fj oic

wjcnk vkbcwcafkm c fj ivmjc |cecak iv `mjvbk-

@rztz cb jrbj|j bjkek tceztafjmih iv tcvmkih i tajnjmiih tcrcbilk! njz ecfink fj oic i

Okfc! Fjiabj Njhnjb.oj` fj trkwc iv \cecacwik ztzic z Fjbrjmj! `bj ih fj |zakm \zajfnkm

trinic mk hzvzr (z kzbifjmlifz) i! ivfkwiwi ekec nz |j bctkbkfz! mkrjbic bk |j ztiz z kncmfi

lkr|ei |krkf- Z fjbmcf zr|ecf tj|ni! ecfk `cwcri c cbwcjmfz nakbc` \cecacwik mk |zakmcw

bwcr! tc|aj |wj`k! bcakvj |ihcwi6

Iv ekmbk vac` `kwrkmk i|r`ch fjbmz biwmz trjtjailz! i zacwih

fjbmc` |cecak trj |kvmkmfk afzokwi---

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\KM ZCI OCIK

BCE fj fc |imk mc|iak tcb tcfk|cn! Okfcwk nkfek fj! `cwcri trjbkmfj! zci Ocik z|miak |km

bk fcf fj miekc ocr iv zrcoj! tk `rkmknk |wj mkeriaic- Ekb fj c i|trikak |wjerz! ecfi fj!

trjnk coikfz! |wcf jafkbi z ezi rjokac bk trcznki |mcwijmfk z cf mci! |krkl fj |mkhz

bcorc tc`ajbkc i rjekc fcf6 Bkf ocj! bk ozbj |rjmc! ncfk |mkhc! kai ncmc bk i rcbi vjnafi

`c|tcbkrk-

Mcwc inj . NjhnjbTrjcorkkmfjn z i|akn Okfz \cecacwiz fj mkbjmzc inj Njhnjb- Kzbifjmlifk z Fjbrjmz

ecb |zakmk \zajfnkmk Wjaikm|wjmc`- \zakmcw tcwjrafiw cwje-

Tij6 I|nj Eckm

\K wjaiecn |j |i`zrmcz vmk bk fj Okfc \cecacwi! |k `rztcn cb jrbj|j nakbik ecfj fj

Fjiabj Njhnjb.oj` tcwjc |k |cocn z Fjbrjmj z tjricbz ekbk |j z cn `rkbz i mfj`cwcf

cecaimi! ivnjz rkmih tchcbk! cb mcwjnork ;:?2- bc nkrk ;:?:! cbnkrkc \zajfnkm

Wjaikm|wjmi-

Cbkorkmi nakbii |z trinafjmi mk hzvzr (z kzbifjmlifz) wjaiecn tkbikhz ecfi fj rjekc bk nz |j

wjcnk bctkbkfz i cb c` rjmzek fj tcjac mfihcwc ecntaiecwkmc! |i|jnk|ec i mjrjec

mjniac|rbmc wk|tikwkmfj i tcbzkwkmfj z rkvmin mkzeknk i wcfmin wjimknk! if i fj erkfmfi liaf

oic bk |j cb mfih mktrkwj |tc|comi i tkbikhz bc `rcok cbkmi bwcr|ei |azojmili! wcf|ecwcj i

brkwmi wjaiecbc|cfmili ecfi j oii |zo nci C|nkm|ec`k lkr|wk-

Okfc \cecacwc! vkfjbmc |k ribj|j bjwjcrilcn brz`ih nakbik! |kz|cn i tknjz! inkc fj

|rjz bk `k cbnkh ztiz z ic`akmj! ozbzj bwcr|ej tkjwj ecfi |z! |knin in! oiai trjbcbrjjmi

vk mktrjbcwkmfj trjnk mkfwiin bwcr|ein! brkwmin i wcfmin gzmelifknk- Vk rkvaiez cb mfih!

c|kai nakbii ecfi |z kecj oiai trieztafjmi bjwirncn! oiai |z zti|iwkmi z kbjnic`akmj!

ekj`crifz ozbzih fkmikrk ecfi |z ztziwkmi z kmkbca|ek |jak vk zjmfj zr|ec` fjviek i jaijmfj

jein |jc|ein tc|acwink! bk oi je mjecaiec `cbimk tc|aj c`k tcimfkai |k wcfmcn cozecn i

oiai trieafziwkmi vw- fkmikr|ein c`mfiink-

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Z C|nkm|ecn lkr|wz |z tc|cfkak ri |krkfk6 z Fjbrjmz! @kaki i Lkri`rkbz- \wk ri |krkfk inkak

|z tc ri|k bjkek- Rc |z! vktrkwc! oiai ekbj|ei vkwcbi! `bj |z ticnli oiai cozkwkmi iai vk rkmz

iai vk bwcr|ez |azoz- Z mfink fjtc|cfkac zeztmc j| |cok- Trwj bwj |z6 wjaiek i nkak |cok!

trwk |k bwj |cimj! k brz`k |k |cimz ticnklk! i c |z oiaj |coj vk tritrkwmiej z |azoi tkjwk! k

jiri `crmfj |z oiaj cbrjjmj vk c|comz |azoz-

Mkfmik cb cwj jiri |coj vwkak |j |jgjrai cbkfk! ecfk |j orimzak vk |zakmcwc rzoafj- Cwk |cok fj

zfjbmc oiak ecak tjwkk! taj|kk! orifkk i rkmkrmiek z |krkfz- Okezazebifk fj bwk tzk

|jbnimc z |rjormcf tc|zbi trkc nz|aim |zakmcwk zrokmk! tri jnz |z c|kai tjwkai tj|nj z

tzmcn vocrz! kec bk fj trkmfj zrokmk zfjbmc oiak i wjok z tjwkmfz-

R_JK fj |cok oiak eiajr! f- tcbrzn iai vktrkwc tjekrk vk |akeij i z mfcf |z |j okwiai i|eafziwc

ivrkbcn i zwkmfjn |akeik! zezwkmih tacbcwk! |akek (hkawj)! jrojk! |irztk! |rjb|kwk vk

fkkmfj i |cecwk |wih wr|k- Zv c! tkjwi cwj |coj i|tcrziwkai |z |wjj vk cbkfj i oc`cncafz

|krkfk---

\ajbjk z hifjrkrhif|ecn mivz fj hkvmk cbkfk z ecfcf |z |j ic`akmi! c|in wjokmfz z fkhkmfz i

crzfz! c|coic tcbzkwkai bk ct|azzfz |zakmk! tcb|jlkfz lkrz mcej! tcnkz ojrojr.oki i ziai

|j |kwifkmfz zrokmk-

Tc|ajbmfk! hk| cbkfk! z ecfz |z bcakviai |knc mkfcbkorkmifi i z trjhcbmin cbkfknk trjekafjmi

ticnli! oiak fj wj cb|ecmk bk|ek vk wi|cej bwcr|ej! brkwmj i wcfmj gzmelifj- Ic`akmink iv

cwj |coj fj oiac tcwjrjmc zwkmfj |knc` |zakmk! rjaiewifk oc`cncafj! ecfk |j mkakvi bc

|zakmcwj |tkwkcmilj! k z ecfcf |j mkakvj c`rk! |wji |j` i tc|akmiecwk |koafk i aze! j |koafj

rifz trwih hkaigk i mjecailimj mfj`cwih brz`cwk--- Tcwjrkwkmfj cwih brkwmih brk`cljmc|i! oic fj

mkfocafi vmke bk |z cwi nakbi trjcorkjmili mk i|akn z mkfwjcf tkbikhcwcf niac|i i bk j |j!

tc|aj! z trc|jez tjmkj|c`cbimfj` wk|tikwkmfk i cozkwkmfk z fjbmcn cb cwih |krkfk! mki mk

mkfwiin i cbkorkmin wcfmin i ztrkwmin gzmelifknk lkrjwimj-

Vk Okfz \cecacwik! ecfjn fj triaiecn trjcorkkmfk mk i|akn mkbjmzc mcwc inj Njhnjb!

trjtc|kwafk |j bk fj c|kc z |azoi z fjbrjm|ecn |krkfz ;< `cbimk i bk fj ekc tk! trkji |zakmk

z wcfmin tchcbink zj|wcwkc z Nchkecf oili ;:?7- `cbimj! bk fj |k zr|ecn wcf|ecn oic tcb

Ojcn ;:?9! k bk fj ek|mifj! ekc tk! trjkc z |azoz wjaiec` bjgjrbkrk \ejmbjrk . jajoifj! z

ifcf fj |wii zj|wcwkc z rkz trciw Tjr|ifj-

EKBK fj wjaiei bjgjrbkr! ecfifj! tc rkbilifi! ecacwkc tkjwj vk mkfwij brkwmj i gimkm|if|ej

|azoj oic ctzjm cb wjaiec` wjvirk i |zakmcwc` ijmiek Iorkhin .tkj bk fj `akwmi eriwkl vk

vkek|mjac vkzvinkmfj Ok`bkbk! k vkin i fkwmc tc`zoafjm! |wi mfj`cwi jachrkmijafi! tkjwi i

tc|az`k oiai |z tribcbki lkr|ecn |krkfz- Njz ri |cimj ih tkjwk! mkakviak |z |j i |jbncrilk

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nakbik ecfi |z! trjnk |wjbcjmfz kbkmfj` zr|ec` hrcmikrk Kaifj! tc|kai trwi nimi|ri iai

wjviri lkr|wk6 Tjrjg Njhnjb.tkk! Khnjb.tkk! Tifkaj Njhnjb.tkk! Akak Nz|kgk.tkk!

Hz|jfim.tkk i Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi- \wj |z c oiai cmi ecfi j! ercv iwc! trkii \cecacwik

bjljmifknk! mjei cb mfih i bc |nri! bk nz ozbz trifkjafi! tcbrek z mktcrink iai! jj! afzi

bznkmi-

Trjzvjwi |wz mfj`cwz trkmfz! fjr |z mkfocafi cb mfih vk bwcr i corkvcwkmi! |zakm fj ivwj|mc oic

cokwjjm ecaiec ecfi cb mfj`cwih wk|tikmiek wrjbi! tij \knkrjbi- \wi \cecacwijwi oic`rkgi

tcnimfz bk fj trwk mfj`cwk |azok ekbk |z `k bcwjai mk Mcwi bwcr z Lkri`rkbz oiak gimkm|if|ej

trircbj- _kbic fj z lkr|ecf rivmili! bkeaj tc|kc ecfi fj zv \ejmbjr . jajoifz ivwj|mc nc`kc

mkfocafj bk mkzi-

Cb c` rjmzek! Njhnjb fj vk bj|j `cbimk trcnjmic tj vwkmfk ekc |zakmcw bwcrkmim6 ikc fj

kmc cmin tzjn ecfi wcbi bc wi|ceih tcackfk z brkwmcf ztrkwi i wcf|li- Z tc|az fj oic wjrkm i

tczvbkm! ekj mfj`cw oic`rkg6 mfj`cwc brkmfj i wakbkmfj! ekc i znjmc| i bcwiafiwc|

triaiecn rkvmih ljrjncmifk! |zakmz |z |j tc|jomc bctkai-

Trwk Njhnjbcwk |azok fj oiak riekobkr! vwkmfj ecfj |j |k|cfkac z cnj c fj tcnk`kc

tkbikhz ecb zvfkhiwkmfk ecmfk i trkic `k mk tzz! ibzi tcrjb mfj`k tjilj- Ivk c`k fj tc|kc

chkrbkr! bc|cfkm|wjmie ecfi |j orimzc c |zakmcwcf cbji! mk|ztkfzi mk |wjkmc|ink

mjtc|rjbmc zv mfj`cwj |ezj- Z|ecrc nz fj! njzin! bcbjafjmc vwkmfj ecfj nz fj cnc`ziac bk

|j fc wij i|kemj i tcekj z tzmcn |fkfz- Tc|kc fj |iakhbkr.k`k! vktcwjbmie lkr|eih icmck!

ifk fj bzmc| oiak bk |j orimj c aimcn |zakmcwcn mkcrzkmfz i bk `k! triaiecn fkwmih

ljrjncmifktribrzzfj | bj|mj |rkmj! mc|ji c bj|mcn rknjmz mfj`cwz |koafz-

Vk Njhnjbk \cecacwik! njzin! ekz bk triaiecn cokwafkmfk cwih |azoi mifj oic |knc

tkrkbmi bwcrkmim! wj bk fj cokwafkc i nmc`j brz`j tcwjrafiwj tc|acwj- Voc` c`k fj mk`rkjm

vwkmfjn jmj`ir.okj! ecfi fj wkic vk fjbmc` cb mkftczvbkmifih |zakmcwih afzbi- Trkic fj

|zakmk mk |win mfj`cwin tzcwkmfink i tchcbink i! ztrkwafkfzi tc|acwink bwcr|eih rtjvkrk!

aimc ezkc fjac i tij ecfj fj oiac mknjmfjmc |zakmz-

TZR VWJVBK

VWJVBKMI tz \cecacwijwj ekrifjrj ecfk j `k cbwj|i bc mkfwiih ztrkwmih gzmelifk lkr|wk!

mk`cwjjm fj z trcajj ;:2

mkf|krifj` njz vktcwjbmilink bwcr|ej |rkj- Rinj fj Njhnjb! c|kwi fc zwje bwcrkm im!

mjtc|rjbmifj zwjbjm z `ccwc rjbcwmc cokwafkmfj brz`ih |azoi6 ektibi .okk fj triwcbic |rkmj

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ivk|akmiej |zakmz triaiecn fkwmih kzbifjmlifk! cokwafkc rkvmj tcwjrafiwj ni|ifj! c|coic

bitacnk|ej trircbj! bc|kwafkc kfmk ti|nk i wkmj tcrzej Tcrj mknj|milink z trcwimlifknk!

bcmc|ic |wiajmj `kfkmj i ekia gjrnkmj- Zilkf ektibi.okj mk |zakmcwcn bwcrz i z wrhcwink

ztrkwj lkr|wk oic fj kec c|jkm! bk |z ih Bzorcwkmi zmc|iai z |ti|ecwj! |k|win cbnjrjmj! cmih

zr|eih wjaiecbc|cfmiek ecfj rjok cobkrii-

Wjvir cbkm |zakmzEkc rji wjvir! Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwimkkc |j mk nji imri`k voc` |zecok orkj

trimjwk cec tcbjaj trj|cak- \wcfin bc|cfkm|wjmin brkmfjn Njhnjb c|wcfic tcwjrjmfj

trimlk \jaink! ozbzj` wakbkrk C|nkmaif|ec` lkr|wk-

Tij6 I|nj ECKM

WJAIEI i|ecrke Njhnjbk \cecacwik mk tcvcrmilz c|nkm|ej intjrifj! bc`cbic |j ;:27!

`cbimj- Znrc fj Hkfrzbim Okrokrc|k! |kri `z|kr|ei wze vk ifj |z inj wjvkmj mkf|akwmifj |rkmilj

zr|ej tcncr|ej i|crifj i |rkh i rjtj |wj`k c tacwi \rjbcvjnafjn- Mk ctj v`rkkwkmfj

mfj`cwih |kocrklk i i|ez|mih tcncr|eih ecnkmbkmkk! vk trwc` cwjek ncrmkrilj! ektzbkm.tkz!

injmcwkm fj Njhnjb \cecacwi! vk ecfj` |j fjbimc vmkac bk mjnk miekewc` tcncr|ec`

i|ez|wk+ Rkbk fj njz zr|ein hrcmikrink! ecfi j cb kbk tcnmifj trkii |wkei mfj`cw ecrke!

tcjac rk|tiiwkmfj vk cwc`! ekec |j kbk ni|aiac! niafjmiek bwcrk-

I|crikr I|nkia Hkni Bkminjmb ke oafzfj wkrz mk cwkewc \cecacwijwc injmcwkmfj!

mkviwkfzi c Ekmzmifjwcn `rjecn- Trjnk mjein zr|ein i|crikrink! \cecacwi fj mk cf

bzmc|i oic jiri `cbimj! cb ;:27- bc ;::4! bce N- Rkfio ceoiajm z zr|ecf I|akn|ecf

jmlieactjbifi! z je|z c Njhnjb.tki \cecacwiz! wrbi bk fj bwj `cbimj wij oic mk cf |azoi!

bce mk _kbcwkm \knkrbi |nkrk bk fj cm ztrkwafkc tcncr|ein tc|acwink Rzr|ej bc ;::;-

`cbimj! ekbk fj oic zmktrjjm z vwkmfj rznjaif|ec` oj`ajroj`k-

Nkac fj ec cb cwih eriikrk rkvznjwkc bkajecwibc| \zajfnkmk Wjaikm|wjmc` ecfi fj inkc

wjaiec` bkrk i c|jkfk bk cbkoirj trkwj afzbj vk trkwj gzmelifj i ecfi fj! mk|ztrc zwrjjmcn

niafjmfz bk cborkmz |jjmih tcvilifk mk ncrz rjok c|kwii mjekbkmfin `z|krink! cbkorkc vk

kbnirkak ncrmkrilj trcwjrjmc` cwjek ecfi j z mfcf vkwj|i rjb i tcrjbke i ifk |zboimk mjj

vkwi|ii cb hircwk! rjmzmih rk|tcacjmfk i cbnjkmfz |eacmih `z|kr|eih ecnkmbkmkk! ekc c |z

oiai zwjmi Hkfrjbim _icorkbi i mfj`cw mj|zjmi mk|ajbmie i mik nkmfj trc|akwafjmi `z|kr|ei

ektjkm Rzr`z _ji|-

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TC\AJ tzmih jwr wjek hkrkmfk \rjbcvjnafjn i ckamj vkwi|mc|i c|nkm|ej ncrmkrilj cb

|jwjrmckgrieih! j`jf|eih i kaokm|eih `z|krk ecfi |z |j |kwiai tcb mfjmz vk|kwz! c|nkm|ek gack

fj! rzecwcjmk nzbrcn rzecn mcwc` ektzbkm.tkj Njhnjbk \cecacwik! tcjak bk bcoifk

fjbmz |k|win brz`z givicmcnifz-

Vk jiri `cbimj! ecaiec fj \cecacwi trcwjc mk cwcf gzmelifi! trjzrjjmk i tc |win wcfmin

trkwiaink z|rcfjmk zr|ek ncrmkrilk fj ivrk|ak z wjaiez tcncr|ez |iaz ecfk fj oiak ekbrk i vk

nmc`c wjj tcbzhwkj mj`c c |z c oiai erkecrcmi tirk|ei z|tj|i mfjmih bcfzjrkmfih

`z|kr|eih ektjkmk-

Bk oi c|wkric j |wcfj liafjwj! Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi fj bkc bk |j trjzrjbj i iv`rkbj mcwk

orcbc`rkbiaik i tri|ztic iv`rkbmfi orcbcwk cbrjjmih itcwk! wjj vktrjnimj i ewkaijk-

Tcjecn tjbj|jih `cbimk ;7- wjek! z Vakmcn _c`z! tcbi`mz fj kr|jmka ecfi fj inkc |c

rimkj| |wcbcwk! tcb ecfink fj |kamc rkbiac cec jiri |cimj rkbmiek- in |j fjbmk `kaifk

tcrimj z ncrj! mk i|cn nj|z vktcmj `rkbmfk brz`j--- Vk erkec wrjnj i zv |iamj mktcrj! Rzr|ek

fj bcoiak wjaiei orcf mcwih orcbcwk! i c trj |wj`k vk|az`cn mcwc` ektzbkm.tkj- Bk oi |j

cojvojbiak |rjb|wk vk cwkf tc|kc! trjzrjjm fj tcrj|ei |i|jn z mjecaiec trcwimlifk! mkfwij

@recf! k tcfjbimi rcbcwi wcf|ej triak`cjmi |z vk |azoz z ncrmkrili-

Trjnk _kbcwkmz \knkrbiz! kai i nmc`in zr|ein hrcmikrink i i|crikrink! Njhnjb

\cecacwi |j mifj ztzkc z cerkfj mk ncrz! kai mifj c|kc i|eafziwc wjvkm vk lkri`rkb|ei

kr|jmka! `rkbmfz orcbcwk i tcbjkwkmfj tcrj|ec` zrjjmfk i wcfmc` tcjmlifkak tcrjoknk

tcncr|wk- Tc|cfj mk`cwjkfi bk fj cm wj kbk |niafkc takmcwj c zr|ecn trcbcrz z tcbrzfj

Imbif|ec` cejkmk--- Voc` mjnc`zmc|i trcakvk @iorkakrcn! ecfj` fj zwkak! vk c zwje

zfjbimfjmk hrikm|ek gack!z mfj`cwcf `akwi |j fc kbk rkkak ibjfk c trcectkwkmfz \zjlec`

ekmkak! tcbzhwkz ecfi oi cnc`zic ivakvke c|nkm|ej gacj iv \rjbcvjnmc` fjvjrk i zimic

c|nkm|ez intjrifz i|rkiwkjn i `c|tcbkrcn mcwih ncrk i |wjcwk- Tcbzhwk ecfi fj cm c|kwic

vk bclmifk wrjnjmk! ekbk j ekc wjaiei wjvir inki nci bk |j zhwki z eckl |k rjkaivklifcn

fjbmj kec wjaiej ibjfj i ibjfj c trcectkwkmfz ekmkak Wca`k . Bcm-

Tc|aj nimi|rk ncrmkrilj! \cecacwi fj! niacz i wcafcn \zajfnkmk Wjaikm|wjmc`! mkvmkjm vk

rznjaif|ec` oj`ajroj`k- Rc fj oiak gzmelifk ecfk fj vmkiak trjerjmilz z mfj`cwcn iwcz i

ekrifjri- Bcoii vwkmfj rznjaif|ec` oj`ajroj`k! vmkiac fj i mjtc|rjbmc trioaikwkmfj mkfwicf

wak|i- Mknj|mili _znjaifj! znj|c z \cgifi! ecfk fj oiak mfhcwc |jbij! |cacwkai |z trkeimc z

Lkri`rkbz i! bkeaj! oiai z oaivimi bwcrk i zj|wcwkai |z mk lkr|ecn biwkmz cbnkh tc|aj wjvirk-

Brz`in rjink! bzmc| rznjaif|ec` tkj bcbjafiwkm fj vwkmimilink coimc mjtc|rjbmc trjb

mfhcw zakvke z nimi|kr|ec wjj-

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EKC rznjaif|ecn oj`ajroj`z! \cecacwiz |j c|njhmzak |rjk bk |j |k |wcfin |tc|comc|ink fc

wij mknjmj tkbikhz \zajfnkmz- Nir ecfi fj ;:20- oic tc|i`mz |k Kz|rifcn oic fj tcewkrjm i

tcfkwiac |j ekc |tcrmc tikmfj Jrbjafk- Jrbjaf fj oic c|nkm|ei oj`aze i c|nkmaif j |z rkiaj

mfj`cwz trjbkfz- Iv ih rkvac`k tcjaj |z tritrjnj vk rk ecfi fj rjokac bk wcbi rznjaif|ei

oj`ajroj` Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi- Z I|akn|ecf jmlieactjbifi |j mkwcbi bk |z ;::;- \cecacwiz

vk kf rk tribcbkj |mk`j |njbjrjw|ec` |kmbkeoj`k _z|jn.oj`k! fjbkm bjc ecmfkmiek |k

Erink i Bcorzbj! k iv I|kmozak fj |i`ac i ?-444 fkmikrk- \cecacwi fj vk cwkf rk zvjc i brz`j

|mk`j6 Nihkac`az Kai.oj`cwj keimbifj i Hkbzn.tkimj |mk`j- Mfj`cwk wcf|ek fj mkbnkiak

84-444! bce fj mjtrifkjaf! | brz`j |rkmj! mk wrkkwknk inkc :4 ctcwk-

Vk rkvaiez cb cwc` wcfmc` tchcbk! ecfi \cecacwi mifj z|tjc bk bcoifj bitacnk|ein tzjn!

zr|ei i|crikri i|iz mfj`cwc oriafkmmc zjj z tkbikhcwcn wcfmcn tchcbz mk Mkhbiwkm!

ecfi fj cbrkm ;::?- i ;::

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_z|jn.tkj- Mk tcackf wjaiec` wjvirk bcwjbjm fj \jniv Kai.tkk! bckbkmfi brz`i wjvir! k

mfj`cwc nj|c fj vkzvjc Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi- @cbimz bkmk ivk c`k! tc|kc fj i |zakmcw vj!

cjmiwi j|mkj|c`cbimfz \jaincwz jrez I|nihkm (J|nz)! c nz fj |kbk! ekc akmz tcrcbilj

C|nkmcwik! bjgimiiwmc cbrjbiac bkafz |zboimz-

\nr |zakmk \zajfnkmkBk oi |trjic nc`zj rk|zac z wcf|li! Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi 28 bkmk |eriwkc |nr

\zajfnkmk Wjaikm|wjmc`- Mcwi |zakm \jain Brz`i mj c|jkfzi |j |zwij |tc|comin mkkc

fj c|acmkl z wjaiecn wjvirz-

Tij6 I|nj Eckm

NJHNJB.tkk \cecacwi tc|kc fj trwi wjvir Tcrj z rjmzez ekbk |z |j mk trj|caink

vktkbmih vjnkafk i z _z|ifi cbwifkaj erztmj trcnjmj! k mcwj erzmi|kmj `akwj mkfkwafiwkaj bk mjj

fc bz`c bk rtj biekj Tcrj ivk ecfih |z |kfkai kzcrij i nc c|krjac` \zajfnkmk

Wjaikm|wjmc`- Wjaiei wjvir \jniv Kai.tkk! ecfi fj wkic vk nircwmfkek! znrc fj `ccwc

i|cwrjnjmc ekbk |z z Lkri`rkb |i`aj wj|i c zr|ecn tcrkvz mk Nkai- \zakm |j ojv bwcznafjmfk

cbazic bk brkwmi tjk tcwjri |wcn bckbkmfjn brz`cn wjvirz i vjz |wc` mk|ajbm iek!

Njhnjb.tki \cecacwiz- Mifj trcac mi bj|j bkmk! k iv lkrjwj ekmljakrifj |z erjmzak mkrjjmfk

nmc`in oj`cwink i tkknk! cb Chribk bc z|jmbiak i Miectcafk bc Rjniwkrk! bk ozbz z

tritrkwmc|i i bk |j tcakec triniz ek \cgifi! \njbjrjwz i Ojc`rkbz-

Mcwi wjaiei wjvir! Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi tc`kkc fj jafj |zakmk bk fc fjbmcn! mk |kncn

ivnkez iwck! erjmj z wcfmi tchcb mk vktkb- Tjricb nirk ecfi |z ;:7?- tc|i`ai Oz|oje i \jniv

Kai.tkk fc mifj oic i|jekc! k wj fj oic tcwrjjm! fjr |z c|nkm|ei ztrkwafki Jrbjafk oiai

vktc|jai mjecaiec nj|k ecfk |z tritkbkak Kz|rifi- Kz|rifkmli |z |j trjec |wcfih tc|akmiek z

Lkri`rkbz kaiai mk cwc \zajfnkmz Wjaikm|wjmcn! kai |z i|cwrjnjmc zbkriai mk mktkbkj- \wj

|j cwc bjkwkac ztrkwc ekbk fj \jniv Kai.tkk znrc i ekbk fj mk mfj`cwc nj|c bckc Njhnjb.

tkk \cecacwi! ecfi |j! ekc rkmie! cbnkh cbazic mk cofkwz rkk Kz|rifi-

\zajfnkm Wjaikm|wjmi! ecfi fj wakbkc c|nkm|ecn intjrifcn tzmih bwkbj|j tj `cbimk i oic

mjtriec|mcwjmi `c|tcbkr `ccwc rifz ecmimjmkk! mk|aziwkc fj |wcf |ecri erkf- Vkkc fj oic z

0?- `cbimz iwck i nziak `k fj jek ec|cocafk- Itke! mkwieacn mk oai|kwj tcojbj! mkfjj cb

|wj`k tkc nz fj zr|ei tcrkv mk Nkai! k mjtrjocamk rkmk nz fj oiac mjz|tjmc ct|jbkmfj Ojk-

\k |wj|ej i|crif|ej tcvcrmilj hjc fj bk |ij i|c cmkec ekec fj mk mfz i bckc6 mcwcn i

jgjemcn wcfmcn trciw mjtc|azmj Kz|rifj i tchcbcn mk \i`j! ecfi fj rjokac bk ozbj

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trjbi`rk mcwcn ct|jbkmfz! i tc mfj`cwin vkni|aink ecmkmcn vkzvinkmfz Ojk! ecfi fj oic

vkbmfi ojbjn vk c|nkm|ej trcbcrj z oc`kj vktkbmj hrikm|ej vjnafj-

C|krjac` tkbikhk! ecfi fj ivk |joj! ekc wcf|ecwck! inkc tchcbj mk Ojc`rkb! _cbc|! Nchk!

Oj! Eij`! Ok`bkb! Erg! \zkwz! Ozbin! @rkm! Rjoriv i Mkhbiwkm! mk rimkj|i i tc|ajbmfi

tchcb! mk`cwcric fj mkfwij mjcn z|caijmi trwi wjvir Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi! ecfi fj

c|wkfkmfj \i`jk! k cbnkh tccn i Ojk! |nkrkc cokwjvcn i erzmcn oai|kwj wakbkr|ej ekrifjrj

mkfwjj` c|nkm|ec` tkbikhk! kai i |wcfin aimin z|tjhcn! ecfi oi `k! ekec fj |nkrkc! zwr|ic z

mkfcbkorkmifj c|nkm|ej wjaiekmj i|crifj c|nkm|ej intjrifj-

Z rk trciw Kz|rifj tcac |j trwc` nkfk ;:77! k ct|jmj tritrjnj i ljrjncmifj ecfj |z trkiaj

ivakvke |zakmcwj wcf|ej iv Lkri`rkbk mkbnkiaj |z |fkf |wih bckbkmfih tchcbk- Z inj |krc` i

cmjnckac` |zakmk! ecfi |j |knc gcrnkamc mkakvic mk jaz wcf|ej ! ecnkmbcwkc fj wjaiei wjvir

Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi-

Njzin! fc mk trwcn cbncriz |j wibjac bk c|krjai \zajfnkm mjnk |mk`j bk fkj! tk fj

mkfwji bjc tzk trcwcbic z ecaink iai mc|iafli! tcfkwafzfzi |j mk ecmfz |knc z tkrkbmj |wrhj!

ekbk fj rjokac bk zfkj z mk|jafjmk nj|k! Ojc`rkb mk trinjr! tcekvzfzi |j ekc trjbwcbmie

fjbmj! tc |mkvi i |fkfz! bc kbk mjwijmj wcfmj krnkbj-

\wj ecmlj tchcbk mk \i`j! ifk fj ct|kbk vktcjak :- kw`z|k ;:77- brkc fj wjaiei wjvir

\cecacwi! vkfjbmc |k mkfcbkmifin nz aimin |jerjkrcn Gjribzmcn- jrmkj|c` bkmk tc

\zajfnkmcwcn bcak|ez tcb ojbjnj \i`jk! ecfj` fj orkmic zwjmi fzmke Miecak Vrimf|ei! tc|kai

|z ct|jbkjafi `c|tcbkri wkmf|ej zwrbj! bce |j zmzrkmfk fc |ztrc|kwafkak- Coj |rkmj |z |j

fzmkei ocriaj! k zr|ei hrcmikri ojajj bk fj wjaiei wjvir Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi! ke ri tzk!

azbcn |rjcn ivoj`kc |nr-

Zfzrc! :- |jtjnork! |wj fj z|taknjac i trjrk|ac z |iakm tckr! ekc \zajfnkmcwk nrwkek

okeafk! fjr fj cm z mci cb tjc`k mk j|c`k |jtjnorkznrc! oiac cb |krkej |akoc|i! bivjmjrifj

iai zbkrk ekti- Mifj nz bkc bk vk zjhz trjb |nr wibi tkb \i`jk iai bk zfj vk trjbkfz zaj---

Mj|rtafiw voc` bz`crkfmj ct|kbj \i`jk! ti|kc fj |kn \zajfnkm! fc erkec wrjnj trjb |nr

wjaiecn wjvirz6 Vkr|j kf bin fc mifj rkvikc! mj cbvwkmfk ai wj rzok c c|wkfkmfz3

\zajfnkmcwk |nr fj trjzkmk mj |knc wcf|li! mj`c i wjvirink! k wak|crzmc |zakmcwc ti|nc fj

cofkwafjmc ekc bmjwmk vktcwj|- Kzcr vktcwj|i fj oic Bkgjr.k`k! kbkmfi wrhcwmi icmck

ecfj` fj fjbimc` | kfmin ti|krcn Gjribzmcn wjaiei wjvir ztzic z brkwmz kfmz c |nri- Cmi |z

cocfilk ctrkwbkai tcwjrjmfj i ek|mifj j! vk \jaink Brz`c`! iai ocafj rji vk wakbkwimj wjaiec`k

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wjvirk \cecacwik! trwi bk tc|kmj mfj`cw vj i fkmikr|ei k`k! k brz`i rji|jgjmbifk- Ct|kbk \i`jk

fj mk|kwafjmk! k bk |j mj oi tc|znmfkac z |zakmcwz |nr! mkwcbj kbkmfi zr|ei hrcmikri!

\cecacwi fj mkrjbic bk |j \zajfnkmcwc nrwc jac oka|knzfj! k zv tcnc nimej i ctcmkkmfk

`j|iezaklifj! mk lkr|ei trj|c tc|kbi Inkn Hk|km.k`k! ecfi fj nmc`c aiic mk tkbikhk-

Wkrek fj z|tjak! k nir z wcf|li ecfk fj fc wij eibi|kak mk ojbjnj wrkwj! czwkm- Tcc fj

c|wcfjm \i`j! cbrkm fj |ajbjj` bkmk biwkm! k ri mkfwjifk tjrk lkr|wk6 mjekbkmfi mikmbifk i

|kbkmfi nzjgjriek Bjaka.vkbj! rji|jgjmbifk Njhnjb jajoi i |jerjkr Gjribzm.oj` i|ti|kai |z

ti|nk c tcojbi! ecfk |z tc|akk |win mknj|milink z lkr|wz! erin|ecn hkmz! jrigz Njej!

tjr|if|ecn khz i brz`in |iaknk! k z |zakmcwc inj- Zfjbmc |z tcbjafjmj mk`rkbj i tcwiilj

takk! k \zajfnkmcwk tc|akmilk c fz fj mkti|kc wrhcwmi icmck bkgjr! ecfi fj vmkc bk ctcmkk

mfj`cw rzecti|! cofkwiak fj bk fj fjbkm bjc wcf|ej ztzjm mk c|wkfkmfj Okock! k brz`i cbrjjm

vk iv`rkbmfz |i`j|ej wrkwj-

Cofkmfjmc fj bkafj bk fj mjnc`zj bk |j |zakm voc` cjjmih mc`z fkwmc tcfkwi! j bk j cm!

mkecm vkwrjek iv`rkbmfj |i`j|ej bknifj! bk cokwi z mfcf ncaiwz z tjke i vkhwkamilz vk kec

|fkfmz tcojbz- Rkec fj brkwmk kfmk c \zajfnkmcwcf |nri z tctzmc|i |kzwkmk bc bcak|ek

mfj`cwc` |imk i trj|cacmk|ajbmiek iv Ezkhifj z Lkri`rkb nzbrcz i ctrjvcn wjaiec` wjvirk-

BCJE \JAINZ

RJE ekbk fj tkc \i`j! ctrkwi Njhnjb \cecacwi kzk Hk|kmk trj|cacmk|ajbmiez \jainz z

Ezkhifz | wjz c \zajfnkmcwcf |nri! vk ecfz wcf|ek fc mifj vmkak- Ti|nc fj mkti|kc Gjribzm!

mkftcwjrafiwifi |jerjkr wjaiec` wjvirk! bce fj kzz z|njmc rjjmc bk |zakm mjj bk erjmj mkvkb

bce |j \i`j mj comcwi vk cborkmz- kz fj fkhkc kec orvc bk fj c|nc` bkmk oic ecb \jaink- K! i

cwkf fj tchikc! j fj |k |wcfin mkftcwjrafiwifin c|coknk oic wj rjj` bkmk erkf Lkri`rkbk z

Ekbicfz- Mkecm nkac` mj|tcrkvznk |k mknj|miecn Lkri`rkbk! I|ejmbjr.tkcn! ecfi c |wjnz

mik mifj vmkc! bcj \jain | lkr|ecn `kaifcn i zv ctcw|ej tcvbrkwj z Z|ezbkr! j k ec i `akwmi

`rkb |kvmk vk |zakmcwz |nr-

Cr`ifj /zc`/ \jainkBwk bkmk tc bcfkwi c |nri clk! \jain mktz|i Lkri`rkb i z mkfwjcf zroi ztzi |j ek

`rkmili- Bj|jc` bkmk oic fj z Ojc`rkbz! `bj |j mifj vkbrkwkc! mj`c fj cbnkh trcbzic z

Wzecwkr- Rknc `k vkbrk tcrzek wjaiec` wjvirk ecfi nz fj fkwic bk oi nz ocafj oiac

ocrkwii z Ojc`rkbz mj`c |j ztzii z kocr- Cofkmfjmc nz fj bk oi nz cwbj wcf|ek! tc

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|krcn coikfz! rkiak bkr vk z|caijmfj! k z kocrz mjnk bc|k mcwklk mk rk|tcak`kmfz-

Ozbzi |zakm |j mk c cerjmj i jekc fj bcakvke wcf|ej z Okfrkn.oj`cwcf ezi z Ojc`rkbz-

Iv |rkhk cb mjrjbk! \zajfnkmcwk |nr |j trjb wcf|ecn fc kfiak-

Tij6 I|nj EckmBwk bkmk tc bcfkwi c |nri clk! \jain mktz|i Lkri`rkb i z mkfwjcf zroi ztzi |j ek `rkmili-

Bj|jc` bkmk oic fj z Ojc`rkbz! `bj |j mifj vkbrkwkc! mj`c fj cbnkh trcbzic z Wzecwkr-

Rknc `k vkbrk tcrzek wjaiec` wjvirk ecfi nz fj fkwic bk oi nz ocafj oiac ocrkwii z Ojc`rkbz

mj`c |j ztzii z kocr- Cofkmfjmc nz fj bk oi nz cwbj wcf|ek! tc |krcn coikfz! rkiak bkr vk

z|caijmfj! k z kocrz mjnk bc|k mcwklk mk rk|tcak`kmfz- Ozbzi |zakm |j mk c cerjmj i jekc

fj bcakvke wcf|ej z Okfrkn.oj`cwcf ezi z Ojc`rkbz-

Iv |rkhk cb mjrjbk! \zajfnkmcwk |nr |j trjb wcf|ecn fc kfiak i trjnbk |j trczak wj| c

\jaincwcn bcak|ez z Lkri`rkb! itke |j |zakmcwk |nr fc mifj fkwmc c`ak|iak- Tc|aj i|jek trwc`ewkrkak `cbimj i|takjmk fj wcf|li takk i zfjbmc fj mkf|rcj mkrjjmc rznjaif|ecn i kmkbca|ecn

oj`ajroj`z bk jj rk|tz|j ezknk- Tc|aj ri bkmk tcac |j zv zcoikfjmc |akwafj bkafj |k

kcrcn wjaiec` wjvirk i |zakmcwin! zv eailkmfj kzk! ecfi |z in bkai oak`c|acw-

\zajfnkmcw aj |z mc|iai z zwifjmcf mc|iafli ekc bk fj fc iw- Zrcoz fj \cecacwi bkc bk |j

cbnkh tcectk mk ailz nj|k! k c |z zimiai cmi ecfi |z oiai ztzjmi z kfmz i knc fj ek|mifj

|k`rkjmc zroj- jiri tc|kfj trjb Ojc`rkbcn! ecmkmc fj \cecacwi bcvwkc ikj Ezrkmk i

mkrjbic in bk z mci! jiri k|k trj |wikmfk cerzj mc|iafez i mkivnjmilj ikfz Ezrkm j ncaj z

inj ocfj-\WK fj wcf|ek vktkak z kewc fkbiecwkmfj i tak bk fj |kac |wkec bkafj mktrjbcwkmfj- Wjviri |z |j

ceztiai cec wjaiec` wjvirk i kaiai voc` |nri! trjnbk |j vk mfz ericnilj wj vmkac- Ekbk |j

rkvbkmiac! trcj wjaiei wjvir `cniacn i ztzi fcf cwj rji6 /Brz`cwi z crzfz! vkc |cfij i vkc

mjjnc bkafj ii3 Vkr mjoi rjokac rkbifj |akwii tkbikhk i|aknk ecfi fj caiej `cbimj wakbkc mkb

mknk! vkr mjjnc vkzii6 Oc` fj fjbkm! |akwk Oc`z+/ Cm fj Z`kr|ez zimic ezcn i|aknk i

|wkec`k fj cb mk| hrkmic bcorcim|wink5 vkr bk nz c ozbj mk`rkbk! vkr mj oi rkbifj mfj`cw aj

mc|iai mk mkin `akwknk mfj`cwz |imz ecfi wk| jek ecb Ojc`rkbk bk ivwri tc|ajbmfz wcafz |wc`

clk! ecfi wkn fj ctcrzecn c|kwic bkrcwj i tcwjkmfj takk3Ozbij cbwkmi! bkfj bk ikiEzrkmk ivncaj |wcfz ncaiwz i ibij bkafj-

Z ri jktj |i`ai |z bc Nircwilj- Cwbj |z wjviri tc|akai |zakmz tcmivmz ncaoz bk ivwcai trinii

tceacm|wc wcf|ej mk mcwcn vakmcn trj|cafz ecfi |z |k |cocn tcmjai z rk i bk wcf|li tc |krcn

coikfz cojk bkr tri`cbcn bcak|ek mk trj|c -

Wjaiei wjvir fj |kvwkc bk |j mcwcn |zakmz afzoi rzek- Z `rkbz fj z njzwrjnjmz wj ivoiak

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`zwk! wcfmili |z zeai cmj ecfi |z |i`ai | nrwin jacn |zakmk i `rbiai- kzink fj voc` c`k

mkrjjmc bk nrwklk tckfmc cbwjvz z Lkri`rkb- Vkin fj ri bkmk brkm biwkm vk cgilirj jk

ecfink |z tcbjaiai bkr tri`cbcn bcak|ek mk trj|c- Fkmikri |z mj`cbcwkai bk in mifj bcwcafmc

bkc! kai |z bcoiai cb`cwcr bk mifj bc|k mcwklk tcmjc- Tjc`k bkmk fj wcf|ek tcak z Lkri`rkb -

Fcvjg gcm Hknjr! z |wcfcf I|crifi C|nkm|ec` lkr|wk! mkwcbi fjbkm trinjr ecfi mk mkfocafi

mkim c|aiekwk ekrkejr njezmc` i ziwkmfink |eacmc` \jaink! ecfi mifjbmcn |wcfcn c|coimcn

mifj oic bc|cfkm mk|ajbmie wjaiec` nz clk i mkfwjj` c|nkm|ec` tkbikhk \zajfnkmk6 Mk

|njbjrjw|ecf rkwmili fkhkak |z bz`c erkf |zakmk cok ekvk|ejrk (wcfmk |zlk)! rznjaif|ei! Njwakmk

Hknib! i kmkbca|ei! Njwakmk Tjrwiv jgjmbifk- Oiai |z kec |acocbmi mkftcmivmifj triekvki |zakmz!

ecfi fj wcajc bk tctifj! ekec oi oiac tcjafmc bk |j z tctzmcf |rc`c|i cbri vkorkmk cjmfk

wimk! c fz fj ivbkc znrai |zakm \zajfnkm- Ekbk |z |i`ai z \njbjrjwc! cocfilk |z |njmfjmk- Z

\cgifi i z Tacwbiwz oic fj bkm cbncrk! k \jain fj z cok `rkbk tc|jic eztkaij- Z Fjbrjmz fj

|i`ak wj| bk fj \zajfnkmcwc nrwc jac |i`ac z Lkri`rkb i bk fj tcectkmc-

IKEC fj z bckbkmfcf c|nkm|ecf i|crifi oic coikf bk |j vk mcwj wakbkwimj njmfk i nimi|kr|ec

wjj! vkfjbmc |k wjaiein wjvircn! mcwi |zakm! \jain Brz`i! cbazic |j bk mj birk Njhnjb .tkz

\cecacwik- _kvac`k vk c fj oiac wij6 wjaiei wjvir nz fj oic vj! k trjwk`mzac fj i mfihcwc

bz`c`cbimfj brz`kr|wc i trifkjaf|wc! bcekvkmc z rjmzlink ekbk fj \jain oic cb|zbmz oiez |k

|wcfin orkcn! trimlcn Okfkvicn! cec trj|cak-

Itke! `akwmi rkvacvi |z brz`j trircbj6 \jainz Brz`cn! ecfi fj oic |wj|km |wcfj mj|tc|comc|i!

oic fj tcrjokm cwje ecfi `k fj kec rifzngkamc bcwjc mk trj|c- C|jkfzi |j vkijmin

|tc|comc|ink wjaiec` wjvirk! \jain Brz`i |j nkac okwic brkwmin tc|acwink! trjtz|iwi |j!

znj|c wcjmfk intjrifcn! zamin ziwkmfink-

\cecacwi fj vk \jaincwk bcok oic wjaiei wjvir oaivz c|kn `cbimk i |eztic fj vk |wj c wrjnj |wz

wak| z |wcfcf ncmcf tj|mili! cbrkwkfzi mjc`rkmijmcn |kncwakz C|nkm|ez intjrifz mk

wrhzmlz |akwj! mk ecfz fz fj c|kwic wjaiei tkbikh \zajfnkm- Bce |j zi \jain! ekec |z

|zakmk vwkai voc` mfj`cwj takwj ec|j wij okwic z hkrjnz i oic tcvmk ekc oazbmie! trcbrafiwkl

i wimctifk! trjtc|kwafkfzi brkwmiej cokwjvj |wirkink i oak`cz`cbmin rkv`cwcrink |k

tj|milink! \cecacwi fj wzekc ecmlj rkk i nirk- \ztrc|kwafkfzi fjbmc brz`cn! i tc|aj

|jbncnj|jmih trj`cwcrk! mkjrkc fj ;:78- Kz|rifz tcmcwc mk nir! k kf bceznjm z ?: kkek!

cb ecfih fj mkfwji bjc oic z ecri| Tcrj! ekc i nmc`corcfmi |tjlifkami tceacmi ecfj |z

Kz|rifkmli oiai trincrkmi bki! oic fj bitacnk|ec bjac wjaiej \cecacwijwj znjmc|i! ecfi |j!

bwj `cbimj ivk c`k! c|wkfkmfjn Krkoifj! tcmcwc bcekvkc i ekc wjaiei rkmie-

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\R_KH CB WJVI_K

ECAIEK fj oiak nc wjaiec` wjvirk! ke i z cink |knc` |zakmk! c|aiekwk fjbkm bc`kkf ecfj`

mkwcbi Fcvjg gcm Hknjr z I|crifi C|nkm|ec` lkr|wk! ekbk fj \jain Brz`i! mk |kncncn

tcjez wakbkwimj! tcwzekc fjbimi |wcf |knc|kami tcjv! ojv |k`ak|mc|i |k fjbimin `c|tcbkrcn

lkr|wk! Njhnjbcn \cecacwijn6 Cm fj injmcwkc |wc`k mjekbkmfj` wrhcwmc` bwcr|ec`

ztrkwijafk Akak Nz|kgz! ecfi fj oic z mjniac|i! vk vkbmfj` wjvirk Ezojk5 mc mfj`cwk ocfkvkm

cb wjaiec` wjvirk oiak fj kec wjaiek bk |j mifj z|zbic tc|jomc `k tcvwki e |joi! mj`c! bk oi |

mfin okr tc z|wcfjmcf gcrni fkwmc `cwcric! cbrkc fj tri tcwrkez iv acwk biwkm mk ecmfink! mk

ecfjn fj tc rjbz `cwcric |k |win wjvirink! k cmbk i |k mcwczniac|iwafjmin-

Rzrokm mcwcn |zakmz\zakm \jain Brz`i oic fj mk jaz lkr|wk |knc c|kn `cbimk- Cnknafjm cb kaechcakceaivmzc |j mk njrnjr z knknz! tcwrjbic |j! i tc|aj ;; bkmk trjnimzc- I |nr \jaink

Brz`c` wjaiei wjvir \cecacwibrkc z |rc`cf kfmc|i-

Tij6 I|nj Eckm

EKC mjc`rkmijmi `c|tcbkr zr|ej lkrjwimj ifcf fj wjaiimi i |kn bctrimjc! \cecacwi fj |k

wjaiecn akeccn i znjmcz cokwafkc jezj tc|acwj- Fjbkm cb bc`kkfk ecfi tcekvzfj wjaiimz

\cecacwik fj trcfjek vk |tkfkmfj Bcmk i Wca`j! trcectkwkmfjn fjbmc` ekmkak! |k liafjn bk |j

ivwri trjokliwkmfj gacj | ncrk i wcf|ej trjnk \rjbmfcf Kvifi- Liaf |tkfkmfk bwj rjej oic fj bk |j

cakek nz|ainkmink tz mk hkbiaze! k cmkf wkmifi! `jc|rkjei i tcaiiei . bk |j _z|ink

trj|jj ivakv mk Wca`z i Bcm-

Vk c|wkrjmfj c` gkmk|imc` tcbzhwkk! ecfin fj rzecwcbic bjgjrbkr jrejv Ek|in .oj`!

rjokac fjtrjhcbmc bk |j vkzvnj K|rkhkm- jwrc` kw`z|k ;:79- ri hiafkbj fkmikrk i bwkbj|j

hiafkbk ecmfkmiek tcac fj trjnk K|rkhkmz! k tjmkj| `kaifk |k tj hiafkbk fkmikrk i ri hiafkbj

rkbmiek tcac fj z Kvcw- Rribj|j hiafkbk Rkkrk rjokac fj bk tcnc`mz ecmfili tri ct|kbi

K|rkhkmk! k tjklink tri ectkmfz ekmkak- Vkfjbmc |k wcfmilink ecfi |z oiai vkbzjmi vk

ct|jbkmfj! mk cwcn trcfjez fj oiac km`kcwkmc zeztmc |c hiafkbk afzbi- Njzin! tjmkj|

hiafkbk _z|k ecfink fj vktcwjbkc emjv \jrofkmcw mktkac fj rkbmiej i rk|triac ih- Tc|ajbmfk

zr|ek mkbk oiak fj kkr|ek wcf|ek! kai |z fj _z|i vkrcoiai i zmiiai- Brz`i Rkkri! ecfj |z Rzrli

zvjai vk wcbij! mknjrmc |z ih vkwjai z |jtj i oakk -

Coj|hrkorjmk wcf|ek fc fj z wjcf njri cmjrk|tcacjmk inj c |z fj hzekai tcwjrafiwi afzbi

erin|ec` hkmk- Cm fj z |rjmcn i|hcbz cwc` tcbzhwkk wibjc |i`zrmc fkn|wc vk tctzmc

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tcbfkrnafiwkmfj- Mfj`cwi afzbi |z rkbmilink i wcfmilink triekvkai ekec z cwin |jwjrmin

erkfjwink vink rkfj bjwj nj|jli! k aji mc rkfj|knc ri |kk! tk bk j oii tri|iafjmi vkmjnkrii

iai |wcf nir iai wjr|ej bzmc|i! k j in mkakz cokwafkmfj wjjrmfj ncaiwj bwk |kk mkecm

\zmjwk vkak|ek! k fzkrmfj z c|wi bkmk-

Cwc fj azekw|wc z|tjac- Tcozmfjmj jj |z |j zerlkaj ecb Kvcwk! kai ih fj mk ncrz |mkak oj|mk

cazfk i tcctiak- \knc fj |jbkn hiafkbk afzbi |i`ac z Lkri`rkb- _kvacvi cwc` mjz|tjhk! mkjmi |z!

ivnjz c|kac`! z aimc|i jrejv Ek|in.oj`k! vk ecfj` |j i|tc|kwiac bk voc` mjbc|kek wcfmc`

i|ez|wk mifj oic bcrk|kc cwkec |acjmcn vkbkez i tcbzhwkz ecfj` |z _z|i!

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tc|jicfc trj mj`c c |j c|ziac5 bk cbk`mk vaj tkrj! i|trkvmic fj oclz wimk- Voc` wim|eih

i|tkrjmfk! ecfk |z `k cnkniak! ceaivmzc |j mk `akecn nrkncrz eztkaik i tkc- Bi`ai |z `k! cm fj

aj`kc z erjwj i mkecm fjbkmkj| bkmk znrc--- Cwkewcn tritcwjbkmfz Fcvjgk gcm Hknjrk tcfjbimi

zr|ei ti|li |ztrc|kwafkfz jvz! ecfz fj! i|imk! jec tcwrbii! kai ecfk ncj bk ink ztcrij z

mkimz mfj`cwk iwck . bk fj rkvoazbmi |zakm mk|rkbkc mk i|i mkim! kai rji vk rcoimfknk cec

okvjmk+

Ekbk fj \jain Brz`i i|tz|ic bzz! tcrjb mfj`cwj tc|jafj fj oiak mfj`cwk jmk! hk|jei

(niafjmilk) |zakmifk Mzrokmz! ecfk fj cbnkh mkaciak bk |j tcvcwj wjaiei wjvir \cecacwi-

\jaincwk |nr fj rjokac bk |j cbri z kfmc|i |wj bce mfj`cw mkf|krifi |im! triml Nzrk! ecfi |j

mkakvic z |kmbkeoj`z z Knk|ifi mj bcj z Lkri`rkb- Rk njrk trjbc|rcmc|i fj oiak mjcthcbmk!

fjr fj cm inkc fc orkj! ecfi |z |wi iwjai z |krkfz! kec bk fj nc`ac bk bcj bc mjrjbk zecaiec oi

cmi zai vk |nr clk-

Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi fj tcmcwic nkmjwkr|eriwkmfk |nri |zakmk! ecfi fj c|kn `cbimk trj

c`k inkc |k \zajfnkmcn Wjaikm|wjmin- Rkfmc fj |eacmic nrwc` |zakmk z bwcr|ez ajbkrz!

ecfk fj |aziak vk rk|hakiwkmfj jrojk! k i|cwrjnjmc fj ztzic |wc` tcwjrafiwc` cwjek Hk|kmk

kwzk z Knk|ifz |k ti|ncn Nzrkz bk himc bcj z Lkri`rkb i trjzvnj lkr|ei trj|c -

Bce fj bwcr|ek ajbkrk eriak kfmz c |nri i jac nrwc` c|nkm|ec` wakbkrk \jaink Brz`c`! wjaiei

wjvir \cecacwi fj trjbzvjc |wj mjcthcbmj njrj bk oi trjbztrjbic bimk|iei corkzm njz

orkcn vk lkr|ei trj|c-

Hk|km kwz fj `kactirkc ek Nkmi|i |k tcviwcn mkf|krifjn |imz Nzrkz vk trjzvinkmfj lkr|eih

im|i`mifk- I|cwrjnjmc fj! tc mkrjjmfz \cecacwik! zvozrekmin Nrkncrmin ncrjn fjbric i

kbnirka gacj! Eiai Kai.tkk! |k vkbkecn bk |kjek mcwc` |zakmk |k fjbmin wjaiein orcbcn mk

cokai Nzbkmifj-

\J_BKBK VK NZ_KRK

. BCAI |nc vk kbkmfj z|caijmfj mk |ejaz z Nzbkmifi! kai mi|nc mkiai mk orcb ecfi fj oic

tc|ak vk mkj` ljmfjmc` tkbikhk! fjr fj cm jekc mk brz`cn nj|z--- Rknc |nc fjbimc mkai

trkvkm fjbrjmfke Gjribzm.oj`k i tctjai |j mk mfj`k i erjmzai- ke |nc inkai i wjaiez cazfz- \wi |z

bcoiai ncr|ez ocaj|- Tcc |kn cbrk|kc tcrjb cokaj! |knc fk mi|kn tkc z cwkewc |kmfj-

Tkbikh fj aj`kc mk ncfj ecajmc- Mjtrj|kmc |kn nz rafkc `akwzi ori|kc ailj- Ecmkmc! ekbk fj

cazfk zihmzak! |i`ai |nc trjb Khirektifz i cbkvwkai |j ekec oi |j cmk cwcriak- Bcoiai |nc

cb`cwcr6 /Mknk fj rjjmc! kec bcj akk! bk fj tckafjnc mk Okhjektifz-/ Cbkaj |nc ciai

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knc- Mifj trcac erkec! ekbk fj knljn |i`kc |kbrkvkn (wjaiei wjvir) i |ztiwi mk orj` trc|rc

|jbkbz i vkncaic tccwkmc` |zakmk bk ivkj! vkojajic fj i|crikr Tjjwifk -

\zrcwi Nzrk rjiTc trjzvinkmfz wak|i! mcwi |zakm aiewibirkc tjcrilz orkj! ecfi |z |khrkmfjmi tcrjb

cjwih mc`z z \wjcf \cgifi-

Tij6 I|nj ECKM

T_IML Nzrk fj trinic ti|nc cb Hk|kmk kwzk |k wjaiein zvozjmfjn- \k mfin |z oiai mfj`cw

zijaf \kbjbim jgjmbifk! |iakhbkr Iorkhin .tkk! chkrbkr Bjrkh Njhnjb.tkk i mfj`cw riekobkrEirfkei Hk|km.tkk- Z zcrke zwjj! ?;- bjljnork ;:02! ekbk fj tcjac bk |j |nrekwk! bc|tjai |z

mk cokaj Nzbkmifj- Eirfkei Hk|km.tkk fj tc|aj c cwcn bc`kkfz trikc tcvmkcn zr|ecn

i|crikrz Iorkhinz Tjjwifz jgjmbifi6

Wjaikm|wjmi |zakm fj oic zvmjnirjm! trjtrikwk bkafj i|crikr Tjjwi- Ncbk fj wj mfj`cw

brz`i ork bcwjbjm mk trj|c3 Ekbk fj i|ztic | orcbik! |k`mzc |j bk tcafzoi rzez wjaiecn

wjvirz- Cwkf fj c! njzin! |trjic i |kn |j |k`mzc i tcafzoic nz rzez- I! bce |j Okhjek tifk

mifj cwcriak i bcai ecmfi! |zakm fj |jbjc mk |jbkbi! k mk|ztrc mfjnz |kni wjaiei wjvir mk

ecajmink- Tc|aziai |z `k |k kcn jrojk- Ekbk fj Iorkhin.tkk hjc bk `k tc|azi! wjaiei wjvirfj vkrkic tc|zbz! tctic nkac! bk oi bcekvkc bk mifj crcwmc i cmbk trzic |zakmz-

Bc kbk |z |i`ai i ecmfi! kec bk |z |j tctjai i vkfjbmc |i`ai z |krkf! `bj `k fj wjaiei wjvir! z hk|

cbkfi! tc|kwic mk trj|c i! eajemzwi tcrjb mfj`k bz`c mk|knc |k mfin trikc- \ajbjj` bkmk!

tjcrilk |imcwk \jaink Brz`c`! k Nzrkcwj orkj! |z vkbkwafjmk- \khrkmfjmi |z |wi! tc|aj cjwc`

tc`rjok! tcrjb mfj`cwih mc`z! z \wjcf \cgifi- Cwk ekk|rcgk ecfk |j bc`cbiak vk wrjnj

_knkvkmk tcozbiak fj wjaiez kac| i rjwca z mkrcbz-

Cwc |wjbcjmfj Tjjwifj! mk mkfocafi mkim cb|aiekwk rkvac`j mjrtjafiwc|i mcwc` |zakmk! ecfz fj

cm fc cb trwih rjmzkek tcjc bk tcekvzfj trjnk wjaiecn wjvirz- Nzrk Rrji! mkinj! mifjmiekec nc`kc bk vkocrkwi trwi |z|rj |k \cecacwijn ecb Okhjektifj! `bj |j z |kmfz

|njjmc|i i |rkhctccwkmfk! |k`mzc bk wjaiecn wjvirz tcafzoi rzez-

Miekec mifj nc`kc c bk |wkri i trjorcbi! i voc` c`k |j wrjnjmcn trjwcric z wjvircwc`

mjtrifkjafk- Kai! vkc c fj oic |eacm |wcn rkhkazez! vkc c mifj jajc bk ivakvi iv |wc` |krkfk i

vkc c fj jajc bkiwi z ziwkmfz i vkokwi zvbi`mzj `akwj! c|kwic fj! ekc i mfj`cw ckl \jain

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Brz`i! brkwmj tc|acwj Njhnjb.tki \cecacwiz-

Njzin! c wij mifj oiak cmk wak| ecfz fj \cecacwi inkc |k mjc`rkmijmcn |zakmcwcn

tcbrecn ekc z wrjnj c|krjac` \zajfnkmk! tk i mfj`cwc` |imk \jaink- Erz` mjtrifkjafk wjaiec`

wjvirk |j iv bkmk z bkm |wj wij iric! k z bwcr|ej |tajej i imri`j fj wj ctk|mc tcjc bk |j

ztaij i hkrjn! |k ci`ajbmin knoilifknk bk wri zilkf i zj|wzfj z mkfoimifin cbazeknk i

brkwmin tc|acwink intjrifj- Tc`zomc ztaikmfj jmk z oimk tikmfk intjrifj! ecfj fj vktcjac

fc vk \zajfnkmcwk bcok! ekbk fj mfj`cwk jmk! |zakmifk Hzrjn! tcb|keak corkzm trimjwk vk

mk|ajj! k mk|kwafjmc vk wrjnj \jaink Brz`c`! fc fj wij bcac bc ivrkkfk vk w akbkwimj Nzrkk

Rrjj`-

Cb jmk! Nzrkcn fj trwjm|wjmc wakbkak mfj`cwk nkfek Mzr Okmz (|wjac|mk jmk)! vkin trwk

mfj`cwk jmk \kgifj! rcjmk Wjmjlifkmek iv ezj Okgc! ecfk fj mk tzz vk Wjmjlifz oiak cjk cb

`z|krk i i|tcrzjmk vk hkrjn- Nzrkcwk nkfek i |j|rk J|nkhkm! zbkk vk Njhnjb.tkz

\cecacwik! oiac iv |rkhk bk j bk ozbz nkmfj ncmj! oiac bk voc` wjj` orcfk bjlj tcwjkfz

fjn|wc vk |i`zrmc| mk|ajiwkmfk trj|cak! mi|z nircwkaj bce fj mi|z fjbmc wrjnj tci|mzaj

tcncz fjbmj taj|kilj! Z`krej! k ekbk fj Nzrk ek|mifjz trcnjmi caiec ziwkc! bk fj vk mc

njmfkc bwj bc ri! \kgifj! ekc nkfek trwcrcjmc` Njhnjbk! |kzwkak fj |wcf cbazzfzi zilkf!

tc|jomc tc|aj |nri |zakmcwj nkfej-

\wink mfink! i hkrjnz i bwcrz! cerjmzcn imri`knk! niz i ecrztlifi! ecfi |z tcjai bk |j irj

ekc vak ez`k! |njkc fj tcmkfwij mjtceztafiwi i trkwbcafzoiwi wjaiei wjvir- Zwji| i jn|i.tkk i

brz`i! ecfi mi|z nc`ai bk tcbmj|z \cecacwik i |wi cmi ecfi mi|z nc`ai bk voc` mfj`cwj j|ic|i

tzmj bjtcwj mjaj`kamin tzjn! |kamc |z `k mktkbkai i tkmfekai trjb tkbikhcn- Zimiwi bk

Nzrk Rrji fjbmc` bkmk i |kn zvnj nic! cwcriai |z mk kf mkim ektifz nik i ecrztlifj! ecfk j

mk erkfz bk tcectk jnjafj nci! bc kbk mjtceztafiwj tirknibj mkfwij c|nkm|ej wak|i-

Cwink |j tribrzic i rznjaif|ei Ekbik|ejr Ekbivkbj Khnjb jn|jbim jgjmbifk! ecfi fj bckc mk

nj|c \jfhzai|aknk! ecfi fj zwje `cwcric |zakmz bk mj tczfj wjvirk- Nzrk Rrji fj oic

mjtrifkjaf \cecacwiz! kai mifj hjc iai mifj |njc bk `k birk! |wj bce mj bcvmk mjez mfj`cwz

eriwilz! k kewc mjc |j mifj miekec bc`kkac-

Fjbmk wjaiek `rztk gcrnirkak fj grcm trciw \cecacwik i wkm |krkfk- Mifj oiac wcfmih tchcbk mii

tcojbk- _zwj (nic)! ecfi fj tcjc bk zvink tkbikh! bcoic fj nkhk- Mkb mjocn intjrifj

mkbwifkai |z |j lrmi coakli- Kec fj oic tcrjokm wcfmi tchcb! |eaktkc |j nir- Nir fj |k Wjmjlifcn

(;00:) i Kz|rifcn (;::0) tcmcwc comcwafjm- Cwc` tzk fj c zrkjmc i |k Tcaf|ecn- Tkbikh ecfi

|j cbkc tiz i jmknk! mk|kwic fj bk wij i|ekvzfj tccwkmfj mjein |wcfin niafjmilink! mj`c

wjaiecn wjvirz- ke fj i mjecaiec mfj`cwih oai|eih trifkjafk |wcriac tcbac`z bk |j cm ivcazfj-

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Nzrk Rrji mifj z|aiic ncaoj \cecacwijwj jmj! k |wcfj |j|rj I|nihkm- Oiac fj |k|win

ci`ajbmc bk fj \cecacwi iv`zoic zilkf- Mjei wjviri i brz`i vmkkfmi |azojmili vk ecfj |j

|nkrkac bk |z mk \cecacwijwcf |rkmi! trcnjmiai |z |kw! k fjbkm bjc fj mjtrkwjbmc zeacmfjm-

Bk oi |j \cecacwijwj rzej i `rkmj tcerj|kaj! rjokac `k fj c|kwii |knc` -

Rc fj vktcjac |k zeakmfkmfjn mfj`cwih mkftcwjrafiwih afzbi ecfi |z nz bjljmifknk oiai bj|mk

rzek z rzecwcjmfz intjrifcn- Trwi coake cazfj! c |j cb mjec` wrjnjmk |eztafkak trciw nci

Njhnjb.tkj \cecacwik! trcwkaic |j mk mfj`cwcn wi|cec tcwjrafiwcn |azojmiez! brkwmcn

|jerjkrz vk tcti| Gjribzmz! trjnjjm fj vk |kmbke.oj`k z Ojc`rkb- Vkin |z oiaj tc`zoafjmj

mfj`cwj ejhzbj (|krjimj ecmkek)! k tc|aj fj |k |azoj oic nkemz mfj`cw ektibiokk \imkm .

k`k i fkmikr|ei k`k Bi`kak vkbj! ecfi |z oiai \cecacwijwi afzbi-

MKAC@ BJAKRINK

MKFRJK rkmk vkbkk fj! ecmkmc! wjaiecn wjvirz! i|j `cbimj ekbk fj tc`zoafjm mfj`cw

|rijwi! ozbin|ei mknj|mie Nz|kgk.tkk! ecfj`k fj mk z bzmc| tc|kwic fc

\zajfnkmWjaikm|wjmi i ecfi fj ekc oj`ajroj` Ozbink oic cerjkm i tcjm ztrkwijaf! kai fj

mk|ztrc imfjmili bk mifj inkc miekewj eriwilj! vkwric z bjakcwin rzeknk -

Nzrk! vkncrjm cb mjc`rkmijmj wak|i wjaiec` wjvirk! ekc i zilkfk |wcfj nkfej! vkniafkc fj bk

|kn wakbk5 c |z i|ecri|iai mfj`cwi afzoinli! k trj |wih jn|i.tkk i Akak Nz|kgk.tkk! c|wkfk

Eitrk! cocfilk trciwmili Njhnjbk.tkj \cecacwik! tcb|izi |zakmk mk |kncwcafmj tc|ztej -

\nr wjaiec` wjvirkMc zci kjmkk! Njhnjb.tkk rkic cb |wc` |az`j bk nz tritcwjbk c Ec|cw|ecn ocfz-

Tc|jomc `k fj vkminkc bjc z ecnj Coiai zoifk Nzrkk- Kjmk mkb \cecacwijn ivwric

fjbkm Oc|kmkl! tritkbmie bjrwiec` rjbk Hknvjwifk-

Tij6 I|nj ECKM

\CECACWI fj wj oic mkwric jrmkj| `cbimk wjvircwkmfk- Corz cec mfj`k |j mjznimc

|jvkc! j |z |ivkai |i`mkai bk fj ocafj bk |kn cbj! mj`c bk ozbj cjrkm- Wrjnj fj mjznimc

i|ilkac! mjtrifkjafi mi|z nircwkai- Cwc fj oiak mkfkwk |nri ecfz fj \cecacwi! tcnirjm |k |cocn i

|zboimcn! cjeiwkc-

Njhnjb.tkk fj! ekz! nmc`c wcajc emfijwmc|! k tc|jomc i|crifz- Rzr|ei hrcmikri fc bcbkfz

bk fj tccwkc trwj c|nkm|ej |zakmj- Z cez mci oi |j ozbic! zvinkc kobj| i eakmfkc |j! k cmbk

mkak`kc |wcn hkvmjbkrz! Hkbzn Hk|km.k`i! bk nz ik c|nkm|ez i|crifz-

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Z mjbjafz! ;;- cecork ;:09- Hk|km.k`k nz fj z oioaicjli tritcwjbkc i|crifz iv trwih `cbimk

Lkr|wk- Hrcmikri wrbj bk fj tc|jomc rkic bk nz tritcwjbk c Ec|cw|ecn ocfz- ikfzi! cwkf

fj |i`kc i bc cmc` bjak z ecfjn fj |rt|ei fzmke Niac Coiai trcoc mcjn |zakmk Nzrkk bce fj

tc|aj oiej coiakvic ocfmc tcafj! z ecfjn |j mkwcbi6 --- Bce fj |zakm! zbji |j! tc|nkrkc nrwk

rkvoklkmk jak! fjbkm mjwjrmie! hrkori wijv tc injmz Niac Ecoiai! ecfi fj z rkv`cwcrz |k

Akvkrcn oic cojkc bk j zoii `c|tcbkrk Rzrkek! ikec rkmfjm i z erwi! oic |j |keric z hrti

nrwklk- Ekbk fj Nzrk hkm erjmzc trjnk mfjnz! cwkf |j z|trkwic i z|rjnic ek |zakmz- Ekbk |z

kwzi hjai bk `k |trjj! Nzrk fj rjekc6 dTz|ij `k- Ink mjez jafz- Mjek ekj-d K! trceajmie

fj inkc |eriwjm ocbj i tcafzoiwi zvjm`ifz |zakmz! vkoc nzfj mc- I! |zakm fj c|jic oca- \nr

nz fj oiak knc |zjmk- Cbnkh nz fj bzk! ekc kmjaz! z rkf cbajjak- Ekc ocrkl tc|kc fj jhi-

Cbnkh |z c` mjwjrmiek rk|ecnkbkai- Zorvc |z trjec |zakmk rkiriai fjbkm kcr i cbnkh bcwjai

|zakmk Fiabirink Okfkvik tcb vk|kwz-

Hrcmikri bkafj mkwcbj bk \cecacwi i tcrjb c`k c fj nmc`c tzk |azkc i ke mktknj vmkc z

i|crifz! mk cn nj|z mifj nc`kc bk vkbri |zvj- Zvbi`kwi rzej fj rjekc6 Bkf ocj i njmi

cwkec fzmkez |nr-

Cwkec tritcwjbkmfj c|nkm|eih hrcmikrk |inocaikm fj zwcb z cmc c j bk |j bc`cbi mkrjbmc`!

;?- cecork- Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi fj tc|aj trwc` biwkmk z lkr|ecn |krkfz inkc coikf bk

cecn bkmk! tc|aj tcbmj! bri fc fjbkm biwkm z |wcn |krkfz! ecfi |j mkakvic mk trc|crz ecb

bkmkmfj` K.njfbkmk- \cecacwi fj cwz trke|z z tc|ajbmfj wrjnj |wj jj ztrkmfkwkc- Tc|aj

|wrjek tc|acwk z wakbi! trinkc fj tc|jj z |wcn wak|icn |krkfz! `bj fj |azkc mjwcafmiej ecfi

|z bcakviai bk nz |j tckaj mk rkvmj mjtrkwbj!

Mkfvkb |j! trjnk \knkrbijwcn niafjmfz! tcfkwic i kf zbmcwki bjrwi! i|azjmi wcfmie!

ecfi fj! c|kwi ojv inkrk! cozekc hrez | ektzafkcn i tcjc bk ct|jbk mfj`cw bwcr- Rrkic fj bk

nz |j wrki inkr i! ekc ojbmie mk ec`k miec mj corkk tkmfz! i|tiiwkc trcakvj ecfink j bk

bcj bc wjvirk- Njhnjb.tkk `k fj |wkec` tzk trinkc! kai nz fj znj|c ojrkk bkwkc

niac|imfz-

Rc` trjbwjjrfk! ektibifj mi|z tz|iaj mk biwkm |znkmzc` bjrwik! kai |j cm! vmkfzi zmzrkmfi

rk|tcrjb tkimc` bwcrk! zwifjm z ec|rj! | ektzafkcn trjec ailk! itke triwzekc \cecacwiz!

tcmivmc trjb mfj`k eajemzc i tcjc bk i|tcb hrej ivwaki ncaoz ecfz fj i trj tcbmc|ic- Vkncrjm!

eacmzc! tcnkac i cztjc cb tc|ak! i |krkl fj tcjc bk tcmkwafk tcerjj ecfj fj! z |z|rjink |

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bjrwicn! wj tc mkwili imic6 |kc fj bk trjoirk tc ej|i i wkbi rjbcwmz niac|imfz vk |wc`

bc|kbmc` tc|jiclk-

Triaiecn cti|k |knc` imk kjmkk! _kbcwkm \knkrbi liirk ivwj|mc` grkmlz|ec` `c|tcbimk

ijk! ecfi |j kbk vkjekc mk biwkmz! fjr fj z bckc bk vkrki bcvwcaz vk tcwrkke z Grkmlz|ez6

Bjrwi fj! z rjmzez tkimj vkzvjc|i ej|cn! cbfjbmcn iv mjbkrk r`mzc mc i vkbkc

\cecacwiz kekw zbkrkl z `rzbi bk nz fj trj|jekc |rkmz wjmz i trcoic |rlj- C|jkfzi bk fj

trcocbjm! tkk |j bij i! cmkec wi|ce i |mkkm! hjbj bk erjmj mk zoilz- Kai! zbkrkl fj oic kekw

bk `k fj erw! coiamc aifzi! vk`ziak- Cm |knc fjbmcn vkecrki! zmktrjb i tkbj mk ajk---

Trjnk zr|ein hrcmikrink! Njhnjb \cecacwi fj! |nrmc rkmfjm! trjmj z zmzrkmfj cbkfj i!

bce |j z |krkfz hwkkc nrke! bcvwkm fj hirzr` bk nz mk rkmz |kwi njajn- \kri wjvir fj ivbkhmzc

ekbk fj |k \wjj \cgifj cbfjemzc `ak| wjjrmfj ncaiwj-

\nr fj! tc trikmfz fjbmj nimifkzrj tc|wjjmj mjcoimcn Njhnjb.tkimcn iwcz i |rkbkmfz!

z|kmcwic lrmi eivakr.k`k! ecfi fj Nzrkk Rrjj` cokwj|ic bk fj rk`jbifk vkwrjmk- \zakm |j!

ekz hrcmikri! vk rjmzke rk|takekc- Lkri`rkb|ei zjmfkli |z vkeafziai bk fj Njhnjb \cecacwi

i|im|ei jhi! cwje ecfi fj tkc vk wjrz i lkr|wc C|nkmcwik i ecfi fj! |wcfin tcbwivink i

rwcn! ecmkmc cijm! tk mfj`cwj c|kej mj rjok eztki bk oi |j |khrkmiai- \ kewcn

cbazecn fjbimc |j mifj |acic jn|zbim Khnjb.jgjmbifk Ekbivkbj! wjaiei nzgifk i fjbkm cb

mkfafzih wjvircwih mjtrifkjafk! ecfi fj mk kf mkim tcezkc i nrwcn bk |j |wji-

Zoilk fj! vk c|nkm|ej hrcmikrj! mjnk biajnj! oic! ekc i \cecacwi! rcjmi Oc|kmkl! c wrbi z

|wcfcf I|crifi c|nkm|ec` lkr|wk i Fcvjg gcm Hknjr- Tritkbkc fj bjrwiecn rjbz Hknvjwifk!

ecfi fj! ikec vkj z Oc|mi! z mkcf aijrkzri nkac iai `ccwc minkac rk|wjafjm! i|c ekc i nciwi

kjmkk mfhcwc` tritkbmiek mk \cecacwik! ecfi mi|z miekbk bc erkfk rkvfkmfjmi-

Bce fjbmi zr|ei i|crikri wrbj bk fj zoilk! cbnkh mkecm ivwrjmc` kjmkk i|jjm mk ecnkbj!

ekec |j mj oi |kvmkac vkc fj tcimic c bjac! bcaj brz`i! ecfink |j tribrzzfj i Fcvjg gcm Hknjr

wrbj bk fj oic ivacjm jein nzeknk i bk fj! tcc mifj trivmkc mik! mkrjbmc` bkmk! mkrjbocn

|knc` |zakmk! rk|r`mz | jiri ecmfk mk lkri`rkb|ein zailknk- Ojv covirk mk z imfjmilz! |wi |j

cmi z`akwmcn |akz bk |z rkvacvi voc` ecfih fj cwkf azlek|i bjrwi bi`kc rzez mk wjaiec`

wjvirk tcaiiej trircbj i bk fj kjmk mkb \cecacwijn rjvzak vkwjrj mfj`cwih mjtrifkjafk |k

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bwcrk i iv hkrjnk! mk jaz |k mfj`cwin afzin mjtrifkjafcn i bkafin rckecn iv rcbmih

\cecacwik! Akak Nz|kgk.tkcn! mkvwkmin `zaieck i fc mjecailimj |zakmcwih kmecaivk i

zbwcrilk-

Njzin! |k|win |j c|mcwkmc trjtc|kwafk! bk fj ivk kjmkk |kfkc Nzrk Rrji! rk|r`mz

ivnjz |wj wjih aimih trchjwk vk zamin ziwkmfink! wimcn! ctifznink i mjaj`kamin

oc`kjmfjn | fjbmj! i zvwrkmih vjafk hkrjnk | brz`j |rkmj! kai i tcezkfk bk |j c|acocbi

ecntaje|k mj|tc|comc` wakbkrk! ecfi `k fj trkic vk |wj wrjnj \cecacwijwc` wjvircwkmfk! ecfi

fj wr|c brkc wak| z |wcfin rzeknk-

VKWJ_K

\ZAZBI bjrwi mifj oic |azkfmc ivkorkm vk j`vjezcrk mkb wjaiein wjvircn- I`rcn |zboimj!

ekbk |j |acj ecleilj cwc` ncvkiek! ivk mjtc|rjbmih ivwriaklk kjmkk vkwkrk |j oc|km|ei

erz` ecfi tcimfj |k \cecacwijwin vjnafkecn! Akak Nz|kgk.tkcn! ecfi fj z c wrjnj! ekc

|jrk|ejr! oic vkzvj rkcn trciw Tjr|ifj! kai vk ec`k |j trjtc|kwafk bk fj vkwjrjmilink! ekc

|wc` cwjek! trjtcrzic bcimc` bjrwik! ecfi fj tcrjeacn kecj oic Oc|kmkl -

Kjmkcr ojv injmk

Kjmkcr! ecfjn zr|ei hrcmikri mi inj mj vmkfz! wjvzfj |j vk fjbmz wjr|ez |jez mkvwkmzHknvjwifj! ifi fj c|miwkivwj|mi Hknvk Okai! ecfi |j z mkcf aijrkzri tcnimfj fc i ekc

Hknvk Cracwi- Z zr|ecf jmlieactjbifi wjr|eih |jei i trkwklk z I|aknz! ivnjz c|kac`!

|cfi bk |z Hknvjwifj giaifkak bjrwiec` rjbk Okfrknifk! ecfink fj tritkbkc i mfihcw

c|miwkHknvk Okai- Vk Hknvz Okaifk |j fc ekj bk |j tc|aj |nri fjbmc` cb Njakni .

Okfrkn|ec` jfhk! ecfjn fj oic fkec triwrjm! wrkic z Oc|mz! `bj fj tcjc bk iri

hknvjwif|ek zojjmfk! ecfk |z |j ec|iak |k jrifk|ein trimlitink- Ikc fj tc njhkmknk i

cbwrkkc mkrcb cb tik! `cwcrji6 Vkc tifjj cwc- Ekewj rkbc|i ink z wimz ecfj fj

jfkmcwk ncerkk- Vkezmij |j bk mjjj bk tifjj i bcij ecb njmj- Fk z bk wk| mktifjnwimcn ocfj afzokwi! kec bk jj bc |zbmfj` bkmk bk ozbjj ctifjmi Oc`cn-

Kjmkcr! ecfjn zr|ei hrcmikri mi inj mj vmkfz! wjvzfj |j vk fjbmz wjr|ez |jez mkvwkmz

Hknvjwifj! ifi fj c|miwk ivwj|mi Hknvk Okai! ecfi |j z mkcf aijrkzri tcnimfj fc i ekc Hknvk

Cracwi- Z zr|ecf jmlieactjbifi wjr|eih |jei i trkwklk z I|aknz! ivnjz c|kac`! |cfi bk |z

Hknvjwifj giaifkak bjrwiec` rjbk Okfrknifk! ecfink fj tritkbkc i mfihcw c|miwk Hknvk Okai- Vk

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Hknvz Okaifk |j fc ekj bk |j tc|aj |nri fjbmc` cb Njakni . Okfrkn|ec` jfhk! ecfjn fj oic

fkec triwrjm! wrkic z Oc|mz! `bj fj tcjc bk iri hknvjwif|ek zojjmfk! ecfk |z |j ec|iak |k

jrifk|ein trimlitink- Ikc fj tc njhkmknk i cbwrkkc mkrcb cb tik! `cwcrji6

Vkc tifjj cwc- Ekewj rkbc|i ink z wimz ecfj fj jfkmcwk ncerkk- Vkezmij |j bk mjjj bk

tifjj i bcij ecb njmj- Fk z bk wk| mktifjn wimcn ocfj afzokwi! kec bk jj bc |zbmfj` bkmk

bk ozbjj ctifjmi Oc`cn-

Voc` |wj wjj` orcfk tri|kailk cwj |jej i mfihcwih trkwiak ecfk |z |j ec|iak |k jrifkcn! wjr|ec

|wjjm|wc Oc|mj |j kaiac mk mfj`k!kec bk fj jfh Hknvk bcwjbjm z Lkri`rkb i |k gjhcn

Joz|zb.jgjmbifj kfmc tc`zoafjm ;:7;- Hknvjwif|wc! njzin! mifj nc`ac bk ozbj z`kjmc-

Mk|iamcn |nrz! vk ecfz |j itke bcvmkac! Hknvk Okai fj z cink |wcfih tri|kailk tc|kc wjaiei

nzjmie! k mfj`cwczjmfj tc|jomc tctzakrmc njz fkmikrink-

Trciw cwj fjrjiej |jej! j|cez ocroz fj tcjc fc \zajfnkm Wjaikm|wjmi! k |k mfink |j

tc|jomc corkzmkwkc i mfj`cw i mfj`cwih mk|ajbmiek wjaiei wjvir Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi-

Ek|mifj fj cwk ii|ek |jek! ecfcf |z z trwcn takmz oiai afzokw trjnk Nzhknjbz i mfj`cwcf

tcrcbili! tc|jomc tc|kak tctzakrmk ecb j|mkgk i vkmkaifk- Oiai |z fjbmk kfmk vkfjbmilk i

tcbrkwkai |j bc j njrj bk |z gzmelicmi|kai ekc wakbk z wakbi! z|kfzi tcwrjnjmc i trciw |knj

wak|i-

Bclmifj |z! ekc trcivwcki tjeirk! oiai tctzmc cbwcfjmi cb c|kac` j|mkgk i mjcbcafiwc |z

tcb|jkai mk cr`kmivklifz nk|cmk- Ezk Ibrivk Nzhjwifj z cecaimi \zakm \jaincwj bknifj!

vkfjbmc |k nmc`corcfmin bzkmink vk tjeirj mk Gkihz i K.tkvkrz! oiak |z nj|k `bj |z |j

ceztafkaj Hknvjwifj- Fjbmc cb tc|ajbmfih kewih nj|k oic fj fjbkm hkm z Erejnjz! kai fj i cm

;948- iv`crjc! kec bk fj hknvjwif|wc cb kbk c|kac |knc z |jkmfz -

Cwkf je|ezr| c Hknvjwifknk fj oikm voc` c`k c |j kjmk mkb \cecacwijn bc`cbic z wrjnj

ojvniac|mc` corkzmk |k tri|kailknk jfhk Hknvj! ifj |z hiafkbj tri|kk cecn mci kfmc

oklkmj z Oc|gcr! k ifj |j zjmfj iriac ekc ez`k njz fkmikrink! ecfi |z z |wcfin bjrwiein

hreknk iai fkmikr|ein bcaknknk tcbokbkai zaimz `cniaz i mkrcb-

Ojvinjmi bjrwi fj mkrjbocn |zakmk Nzrkk Rrjj` rk|r`mz ecmfink bcwcafmc orvc bk |j

miekbk mj bcvmk mfj`cw trkwi ibjmij! mii trkwi nciwi mfjhcwc` bivkmfk rzej mk wjaiec` wjvirk-

\wj fj! bkeaj! rjokac bk |j |wjbj mk aimz c|wjz fjbmc`! mjvkbcwcafmc` i|azjmc` wcfmiek!

vk|ajtafjmc` bjrwiein zjmfjn! ekec oi |j |keriai |wkrmi mkrzicli kjmkk . bwcr|ek wrhzek

ceztafjmk cec bcekvkmc` \cecacwijwc` mjtrifkjafk! |zakmk Nzrkk Rrjj`! ecfi j! c|acocbiwi

|j |jmej ncmc`k wjvirk! bk |kmj mk jac trwih zr|eih |zakmk ecfi j c|nkm|ez lkrjwimz! |k

wrhzmlk mfjmj nci! bk tcwjbz mk tz |zmcwrkk-

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Bce |j mjekbkmfi kkl Okfc iv Niajjwj! tccmfi Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi! z c|nkm|ecf i|crifi

zorkfk z cmj mkfcbkorkmifj wjaiekmj ecfi |z zvbivkai i tcbztirkai mfjmz nc bc mj|azjmih wi|imk!

z trjbkmfz i i|crif|ecn |jkmfz |rt|ec`k mkrcbk c|kj ekc wjaiei vkimie |wc` rcbk!

trkwc|akwmj lrewj i `rkbijaf nc|cwk ivnjz rkvaiiih |wjcwk! ecfi j! ekc fjbimi nkjrifkami

c|kli! tctz ztrifj mk Brimi! bk |wjbcj c mfj`cwcf mjtrcakvmcf wjaiimi -

Njhnjb \cecacwi |j! fc ekc nakbi bwcrkmim! wr|c brkc |wc`k rcbk! bcwakji z mivz iai

fjbmc` tc fjbmc`! |wcfj mkfoaij rckej iv \cecacwik! bk nz z bkmink mkbcakvjj |akwj! ekbk j

bk ozbj ivacjm nmc`ini|ezjmfink! ozbz bj|mk rzek i `akwmi c|acmkl z mfj`cwin tcaiiein

vkni|aink-

Fc bce fj oic |iakhbkr.k`k ecb \zajfnkmk Wjaikm|wjmc`! bcwjc fj iv rcbmih \cecacwik |wc`

clk Binirifk! ecfj` fj trjwjc z i|akn i ekc Bjnkazbimk \imkm.oj`k mkvmkic nzjwjaifcn

fjbmc` wkezgk ecfj` fj zjnjafic z Oc|mi! vkin nkfez! j |rjbmfj` i mkfnakj` orkk! ecfi |z

trjrkmc znrai ekc ticnli lkr|ec` |krkfk z Lkri`rkbz! mj bcjekwi bk bc|i`mz |akwz mfihcwc`

|rijwik! i mkfcniafjmifj` Njhnjb.tkimc` ijmiek Nz|kgj! ecfi fj bc`zrkc i bc wjvir|ec`

tcackfk i mknj|miek Ozbink! gzmelifj vk ecfz |j trcljmfzfj bk fj inkak jimz fjbmc` erkafk

Z`kr|ej-

Rz |z! vkin! oiai i Gjrhkb! Kaifk i Bjrwi i mfj`cw injmfke Njhnjb! |wi rcjmi \cecacwii! ecfi

j! z fjbmcn rjmzez!cec ;:04- `ccwc |wi! vkfjbmc |k mfj`cwin |imcn hjrlj`cwkein

|kmbkeoj`cn Ezrbcn! bk |j mkz mk tcackfink erkfimiek ivnjz Ozbink i Hjrlj`cwimj- Z

Lkri`rkb fj bcak i fjbmk cb \cecacwijwih |j|krk cb |rilk! ecfk |j zbkak vk Bkgjr.oj`k! |imk

oc|km|ec` kakf.oj`k i trjak | mfin z Tjzf! `bj fcf |j rcbic i |im Iorkhin! ek|mifj tcvmki zr|ei

hrcmikr Tjzfaifk-

I! bce |j Njhnjb.tkk! fc trj mj`c c fj tc|kc wjaiei wjvir! cerziwkc |wcfink iv \cecacwik!

tcezkwkfzi bk nkekr mk kf mkim |kzwk |aiezi z|tcnjmz mk rcbmi erkf! mifj nz |j tc|rjiac

bk ivk |joj c|kwi wjaiei tcrcb- Bjlk |z nz! fjbmc vk brz`in! znirkak fc z ecajwli! k mkf|krifi

|im Ezrb znrc fj fc mk tcjez |akwj z Hjrlj`cwimi- Naki! Hk|km! mkci! tcmc|km wijv! fzmke

|k Rigai|k i bclmifi mknj|mie knk! oic fj voc` |wcfih jmfi trjmk`akjmcn |fkfz i rk|eci! bc

erkfk ori`k cjwk- Rc |z oiak bjlk iv mfj`cwc` orkek |k rkmifin jmknk! cb ecfih fj cm! ekc i cb

|wcfih nmc`corcfmih rcoimfk! ncrkc bk |j cekj z rjmzez ekbk fj zvjwi vk jmz nkajmz i

vbjtk|z |zakmifz J|nz! tc|kc lkr|ei vj- Bce fjbmi zr|ei hrcmikri mkwcbj bk cm |k rcjmcn

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|j|rcn \jaink Brz`c` mifj inkc bjlj! brz`i mkwcbj bk nz |j iv cwc` orkek rcbic |im Iorkhin.

hkm! ecfj` fj \cecacwi ncrkc bz`c bk |eriwk! fjr voc` |i`zrmc|i czwkmfk vkecmk c

mk|ajiwkmfz trj|cak! lkr|ej ejri! zbkj vk wjvirj! mi|z |njaj bk inkfz nzej bjlj -

TKK T_J NJHNJBK

IKEC fj ivnjz Bjai Hz|rjg.tkj i Akak Nz|kgk.tkj! | fjbmj! i Njhnjb.tkj! cerzjmc`

|wcfin mkfoaiin rcklink! | brz`j |rkmj! vk|kbk mjnc`zj zwrbii! |jn mkfafzj`

mjtrifkjaf|wk! oiac ekekw brz`i cbmc|! tc|jomz tkmfz vk|azzfj imfjmilk bk fj fjbkm cb

\cecacwik! ojv covirk mk c cb ecfj` c`rkmek iai nj|k! trj Okfk cbwjbjm z |krkf i! bc mfj`cwc`

bcak|ek! wj tc|kc tkk | ri z`k-

Tceacm rcbz . ztrifkTc mkac`z wjaiec` wjvirk! |k`rkjm fj wjajajtmi nc| mk Brimi! ecfi j vkmkwje cwjecwjii

Iwc Kmbri- Bk ai fj tkrifkrh Nkekrifj oic z oai|ecn |rcb|wz |k Njhnjb.tkcn3

Tij6 I|nj Eckm

I! BCE |j rjek mcwih i mcwih \cecacwik! iv rcbmc` Njhnjb.tkimc` |jak z|njrkwkak ek

Lkri`rkbz! z `cbimknk ekbk fj cm eric tz ek gzmelifi |kbrkvknk! cbmc|mc wjaiec` wjvirk! k

wjrcwkmc fc i trj c`k! tcjak fj z mfj`cwcf `akwi bk |j rkk ibjfk c comkwafkmfz rkbk Tjej

tkrifkrifj! ecfk j oii erzmi|kmk |zakmcwin hkijrigcn iv ;:00- `cbimj- Rc |j bc`cbiac

i|eafziwc aimin mk|cfkmfjn Njhnjb.tkj! ecfi fj z c wrjnj oic rji wjvir ezojk i ecfi fj vk

c|wkrjmfj cwkewj mknjrj tribcoic wjaiec` nzgifz i |wc` wjaiec` trifkjafk! jfh .za.i|aknk

Joz|zzbk ja Knkbifk-

Mk jac comcwafjmj Tjej tkrifkrifj tc|kwafjm fj Nkekrifj! kbkmfi krhinkmbri nkmk|irk

Hiakmbkrk! vk ecfj`! ikec fj mj|tcrmc bk fj cb \cecacwijwc` rcbk! mj tc|cfj miekewi tczvbkmi

i|crif|ei tcbkli bk nz fj oic rcjmi ork! ekec c ojaji trjbkmfj- Trjnk zr|ein hrcmikrink!

ecfi |zboimz bwcfilj Njhnjb.tkimj orkj |k |i`zrmcz trkj bc lkr|ec` |krkfk z Lkri`rkbz!

Nkekrifj fj! mkfwjrcwkmifj oic |rijwi iai! z mkfnkmfz rzez! mjei bkafi rcb iv acvj \cecacwik!

ecfi j! vkeafzmc |k \kwkifjn! tc|rimiecn rjoimf|ec` nkmk|irk i hjrlj`cwkein

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nirctcaicn! brki trj|ca \rt|ej lrewj bc ;:87- `cbimj-

Nciwi comkwafkmfk Tjej tkrifkrifj! ekbk |j zvnz z covir kbkmfj i|crif|ej cecamc|i! ojv

wjaieih mktcrk! bkfz |j mk|azii- \rt|ei |zwjrjmij fj bkwmc trj c`k oic cecmkm! kai |z |j \roi z

|win mjekbkmfin |rt|ein vjnafknk! |k |wcfin wcfmin tcjmlifkaink! zwjaiec mkakviai z

takmcwink C|nkmaifk vk mfihcwj bkafj i|ecrkej trjnk vktkbmin hrikm|ein vjnafknk i Kz|rifi-

Zv c! z `rkmimin trcwimlifknk intjrifj fj oic tcrjokm nir- \roink fj tcmzjmc comkwafkmfj

lrewjmc` cr`kmivnk! ecfi j oii wjvkm vk Tcrz! ecfk j tc|kwafki i cbcorkwki |rt|ej tkrifkrhj

z Tji! k |knk Lrewk oii tcbacmk zr|ein vkecmink- Njzin! vk \roj! ecfink fj tcjac bk

oajbi |jkmfj mk rkmifj erkafjwj i bj|tcj! cwc fj! mk fjbkm mkim! nkekr i triwibmc! oiak vknjmk vk

iv`zoafjmi brkwmi njhkmivkn i im|rznjm vk czwkmfj wjr|ej i mklicmkamj |kncoimc|i! ecfi |z

|j! vkzvwrk! ncrkai takki acfkamcz tkbikhz z Lkri`rkbz -

MJ rjok |znmfki bk fj |wj`k cwc`k! tk ke ncbk i mknjrk Tcrj bk tcezk bk `k i|ecri|i z

cn |ni|az! oic |wj|km i |kn Njhnjb.tkk \cecacwi ecfi fj! i`rkfzi wjc `knoi ivnjz

fjbmih i brz`ih! rkvniafkc ecrke bkafj! zirzi mk kf mkim tzjwj vk irjmfj C|nkm|ej intjrifj

trjec mfjmih vktkbmih `rkmilk- Mfj`cwk bjak `cwcrj bk z kewcf i`ri mifj oic mji|erjm mi trjnk

fjbmin! mi trjnk brz`ink- Itke! c|kj vkojajjmc bk nz fj! mjtci|iecn tcaiiecn z tcbjai

wi|ceih brkwmih gzmelifk i! mktc|j! tc|kwafkmfjn afzbi |wcfj` |cfk mk trj|c Tjej tkrifkrifj!

vkin znjrjmcn i tctz|afiwcn tcaiiecn trjnk \roink i Bzorcwkmink! cb ecfih |z `k cwi

vkbmfi brkai vk cwjek mfihcwj erwi i fjviek! z|tjwkac bk vk |wj wrjnj |wcfj bz`j wakbkwimj

wr|c bri |wj ecmlj z |wcfin rzeknk! tk ke i cmbk ekbk fj ncrkc bk rti kcej |wcfih

mjtrifkjafk i trciwmiek-

Mkfwji cb |wih wjaieih c|nkm|eih wjvirk Njhnjb.tkk \cecacacwi! ecfi |j mk gzmelifi

|kbrkvknk! vk wrjnj wakbkwimj rifz |zakmk! vkbrkc ;2 `cbimk! < nj|jlk i ;: bkmk! |khrkmfjm fj

z fjbmcf |ercnmcf v`rkbi mk Jfzoz z Lkri`rkbz- Cb fjbmj rkvrzjmj lrewj z Ekbir`i z I|kmozaz!

mktrkwic fj bknifz! k ircn intjrifj mk nmc`c nj|k nmc`k bjak6 bknifj! njbrj|j! kbrwkmj!

inkrjj! hkmcwj! j|nj! nc|cwj! hknknj i nmc`j brz`j `rkjwimj -

Z |wcn rcbmcn |jaz! Njhnjb.tkk fj fc ekc nakb bwcrkmim |k`rkbic bknifz! njejo! nz|kgir

hkmz! inkrj! wcbcwcb i j|nz- Cb |wj`k c`k! mk mkfwjj` cb |wih \cecacwik tcb|jk fjbimc

fc mfj`cwk j|nk- \cecacwi |j! njzin! |wcn rcbmcn erkfz cbzic je ekbk |j wimzc bc

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mkfwjih brkwmih gzmelifk i tc|kc wjaiei wjvir Tcrj- Ekc zwcb z mkfvmkkfmifj k rhijecm|ec

bjac! ecfj mc|i tjk mfj`cwj mkrzboimj! ztrifj mk Brimi! z Wij`rkbz |j! mk bj|mcf cokai Brimj!

;:77- tcnimfj ekc iv`rkjm mfj`cw ekrkwkm |krkf! vk ecfj` Jwaifk jajoifk |wjbci bk fj wjaie

ekc wrkwk i bk ncj bk trini bc bj|j hiafkbkecmfk! ekniak i nkv`i! bk ink ajtc eztkiac i

j|nj | jezcn wcbcn i ri |cimj bzkmk-

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7/30/2019 Mehmed paa Sokolovi- Veliki vezir

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