methane (natural gas) xavier scott and bruce etheridge chm 1045 november 9, 2010 1
TRANSCRIPT
Methane (Natural Gas)
Xavier Scott and Bruce EtheridgeCHM 1045
November 9, 20101
• Molecular Formula: CH₄
• Shape: Tetrahedral
• Molecular weight : 16.043 g/mol
• melts at -184°C, and boils at -161.4°C
• exothermic reaction (ΔH = -891 kJ/mol)
• State: colorless, odorless gas and is less dense than air 2
Properties
Properties
• Density = 0.68 kg/m3
• Highly Combustible
• A non-polar molecule and is insoluble in water
• It dissolves in non-polar solvents like alcohol
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Chemical Properties
• Methane Fuel (Natural Gas)
• Methane’s Reactivity
• Bunsen Burner
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•Emission level factors:
•Climate
•Energy types and usage
•Waste management practices
• Temperature
• Moisture
Global Warming
• Methane is classed as a greenhouse gas
• Global Warming Potential (GWP)
• CO₂ vs. CH₄
• Ticking time bomb
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7Methane a Global Disaster? movie.mp4
Where do we find Methane?Natural• Wetlands 80%• Termites• Methane Hydrates • OceansIndustrial• Loss during coal, oil and gas extraction• Waste treatment, from landfill sites, rice cultivation
and biomass burning
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Where do we find Methane?
Livestock• Livestock grazing contributes an estimated 20
percent of all global methane emissions
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Methanogens
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•Methanogens a very diverse groupthey are either rod shaped or spherical
•There are over 50 subspecies of methanogens classified under the Archaebacteria
•Hydrogenotrophic
•Acetotrophic or Acetoclastic
History
• Discovered by Alessandro Volta in 1776
• John Dalton(1766-1844), collecting methane
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Methane ApplicationsFuel• Heat homes and buildingsHydrogen• Produced by steam-methane reforming
Industrial Uses• Production of important industrial chemicals
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ReferencesAtkins, Peter. Atkins’ Molecules. United Kingdom: Cambridge
University Press 2003. Print.
Roger Haynard and Linius Paulins. The Architecture Of Molecules. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. 1964. Print.
K.C Nicolaou and T. Montagnon. The Molecules that Changed the World . Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinhein. 2008. Print.
J.A. Beran. Laboratory Manual for Principles of General Chemistry. Eighth Edition. John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2009. Print.
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References Shakhashiri, Bassam Z. Chemical of the Week -- Methane. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Web. 1 November 2012.
Methane Properties. Gas Plant Manufacturers. Web. 1 November 2010.
Cotton, Simon. The Molecule of the Month: Methane. Uppingham School, Rutland, UK. Web. 1 November 2010.
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Acknowledgements
• Bruce Etheridge
• Xavier Scott
• Professor Renee Becker
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