microprocessor 기초 - koreatechmicrocom.koreatech.ac.kr/course backup/ifc180/lecture... ·...

KUT/EMDEC 1

Microprocessor 기초

정보통신공학과 이명의

KUT/EMDEC 2

- Class Operations

3 (credit) - 2 (lecture) - 2 (practice)

- 4 hours Class

2 hours (lecture) : me

2 hours (practice) : Ph.D Park

- Class Grade

Class Participation : 20 %

Mid Term Exam : 30 %

Final Term Exam : 30 %

Experimental Lab. : 20 %

Microprocessor Class Overview

KUT/EMDEC 3

- Target Board : KUT51 Board

Hardware Design : CPU, Memory(ROM & RAM), I/O Interface

Implementation

Software : MCS51 Assembly Language + C Language Program

* Operating System : none

- Lecture Notes

http://microcom.koreatech.ac.kr

Microprocessor Class Overview

KUT/EMDEC 4

- Microprocessor (=CPU: Central Processing Unit)

A microprocessor is a computer processor on a microchip(or chip) and is designed to perform arithmetic and logic operations that make use of small number-holding areas called registers. Typical microprocessor operations include adding, subtracting, comparing two numbers, and fetching numbers from one area to another.

Microprocessor 기초사항

KUT/EMDEC 5

- Microcontroller (=CPU + Memory + I/O)

-Embedded Controller

-Microcomputer


KUT/EMDEC 6

Instruction cycle 1 Fetchinstruction

4 Incrementinstructionpointer

3 Executeinstruction

2 Interpretinstruction

The process in which a computer executes a single instruction.

ADD REG1 REG2 second operand

op code

firstoperand


- Microprocessor 사용예제

가정용품 : TV. VCR, Stereo, Radio, Cassette, CD Player, Remocon, 세탁기, 전자밥통, Microwave Oven, Aircon, 게임기, 냉장고, ....

사무용품 : 복사기, FAX, Business Telephone, Printer, Scanner, ...

산업용품 : 각종제조장치및검사장치, 산업용 Robot, NC machine, PLC, ...

기타 : 자동차(ECU, ABS, Time Control), HHP, 각종계측장비(Oscilloscope, Analyzer), HDD, Monitor, Video Camera, Camera, 완구, ...

- Fuzzy, AI, Neuro : Microprocessor에의해실현

KUT/EMDEC 7


-Computer H/W

CPU : Register, ALU, Control Unit

Memory : Main Memory, Auxiliary Memory

I/O Device : Input Device, Output Device

Memory

CPU

InterfaceInputDevice

OutputDevice

- Main Memory

RAM : Nonvolatile(NV-RAM : Battery Back-up)

Volatile(SRAM, DRAM)

ROM : UVEPROM(Chip Level Erase)

EEPROM(Byte Level Erase)

Flash ROM(Block Level Erase)

Mask ROM, OTPROM

KUT/EMDEC 8

-Computer S/W

System Software : OS, BIOS, Device Driver, Firmware

Application Software : Word Processor, Spread Sheet

Application S/W

Operating System

Computer H/W

API

ROM BIOS


-Computer S/W(Program)

정의 : A sequence of instruction

Program + Data

Program Memory(ROM)

Data Memory(RAM)

KUT/EMDEC 9


- Air Conditioner 구성

온도센서 : 실내온도측정(Input)

온도설정 Switch : 실내온도설정(Input)

Heater & Cooler : 실내온도조절(Output)

Microcomputer = Microcontroller = Embedded Controller

CPU : 연산및제어를하는전자두뇌

Memory : Microcomputer의프로그램과데이터를저장

I/O 장치 : 인간과 Microcomputer사이의 Interface, 또는외부장치와의신호를전달하는장치.

Cooler HeaterCPU

온도Sensor

온도설정Switch

Memory

KUT/EMDEC 10


- Address/Data/Control Bus

Address Bus : I/O 장치와 Memory의주소번지를지정(Output)

Data Bus : Address Bus에의해지정된 I/O 장치와 Memory 번지에 Data를 Read/Write (Input/Output)

Control Bus : I/O 장치또는 Memory선택(Output)

Read 또는Write 선택(Output)

I/O Mapped I/O : IntelMemory Mapped I/O : Motorola

KUT/EMDEC 11


- Air Conditioner 기본동작

Microcomputer는가전제품의 Controller.

Microcomputer는 CPU, Memory, I/O로구성.

CPU는 Memory로부터명령(Program)을읽어서실행

Memory는명령과데이터를저장하는기억소자.

I/O는 CPU와외부와의신호를전달하는입출력장치.

온도 Sensor

설정 Switch

Heater

Cooler

PC를 Address Bus에출력해서명령을 Read

명령을해석한다

명령을실행한다

PC+1

0000 온도 Sensor Read

0001 설정 Switch Read

0002 온도Sensor와설정 Switch값비교

0003 If 온도 Sensor< 설정 Switch

JUMP 0010

0004 Cooler ON

0010 Heater ON

Address

Bus

Address

Bus

Data

Bus

Data

Bus

Control

Bus

Control

Bus

MemoryAddress

I/O CPU Memory

KUT/EMDEC 12

Microprocessor를이용한시스템설계

- Design Objectives1. Functioning and performing according to the product requirement(Functional)

2. Cost competitive(Economy)

3. Simple in concept(Simplicity)

4. Reliable(Reliability)

5. Easy to maintain(Maintainability)

6. Mass product(Productivity)

- Product Development 절차

ProductPlaning

SystemDesign

S/W & H/WDevelop

SystemIntegrate

SystemEvaluate

ProductionProduct

Requirement Spec.

System Spec.

System Design WS, TP, PP, MP

Design

Construction

H/W & S/W

Integration

H/W & S/W

Test

Final Document

Documentation

Marketing Engineering Manufacturing

First LevelDesign

Second LevelDesign

Debug

KUT/EMDEC 13

Microprocessor를이용한시스템설계

-시스템설계시고려사항

Which microprocessor should we select? : 8, 16, 32 bit or vendor

- One already used in another product

- New one

- Are compatible components available ?

- How about development support tools

- Are the components second sourced ?

What O/S shall we use? : RTOS

- A Commercially available one

- One we have been using in another product

- Design a new one

What Program Language shall we use?

Should we use off-he-shelf microcomputer boards rather than developing our own?

Does the product have to be compatible with some other products?

How about future needs?

- Should the product be expandable?

- Is it going to be the basis for a product family?

microprocessor 기초 - koreatechmicrocom.koreatech.ac.kr/course backup/ifc180/lecture... ·...

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