4.3 Minimum reinforcement Non-Load Bearing Walls

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14.3 Minimum reinforcement

14.3.1 Minimum vertical and horizontal reinforcement shall be in accordancewith 14.3.2 and 14.3.3 unless a greater amount is required for shear by 11.9.8 and11.9.9.

14.3.2 Minimum ratio of vertical reinforcement area to gross concrete area, l,shall be:

(a) 0.0012 for deformed bars not larger than No. 16 with fy not less than420 MPa; or

(b) 0.0015 for other deformed bars; or

(c) 0.0012 for welded wire reinforcement not larger than MW200 orMD200.

Walls

Non-Load Bearing Walls

14.3.3 Minimum ratio of horizontal reinforcement area to gross concrete area,t, shall be:

(a) 0.0020 for deformed bars not larger than No. 16 with fy not less than420 MPa; or

(b) 0.0025 for other deformed bars; or

(c) 0.0020 for welded wire reinforcement not largerthan MW200 or MD200.

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14.3.4 Walls more than 250 mm thick, except basement walls, shall have reinforcementfor each direction placed in two layers parallel with faces of wall in accordance with thefollowing:

(a) One layer consisting of not less than one-half and not more than two-thirds of totalreinforcement required for each direction shall be placed not less than 50 mm normore than one-third the thickness of wall from the exterior surface;

(b) The other layer, consisting of the balance of required reinforcement in that direction,shall be placed not less than 20 mm nor more than one-third the thickness of wall fromthe interior surface.

14.3.5 Vertical and horizontal reinforcement shall not be spaced farther apart than threetimes the wall thickness, nor farther apart than 450 mm.

14.3.6 Vertical reinforcement need not be enclosed by lateral ties if vertical reinforcementarea is not greater than 0.01 times gross concrete area, or where verticalreinforcement is not required as compression reinforcement.

14.3.7 In addition to the minimum reinforcement required by 14.3.1, not less than twoNo. 16 bars in walls having two layers of reinforcement in both directions andone No. 16 bar in walls having a single layer of reinforcement in both directionsshall be provided around window, door, and similar sized openings. Such barsshall be anchored to developfy in tension at the corners of the openings.

14.6.1 Thickness of nonbearing walls shall not be less than 100 mm, nor lessthan 1/30 the least distance between members that provide lateral support.

Load-Bearing Concrete Walls

Empirical Design Method

Load-bearing walls with solid rectangular cross sections may be designed as were

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Load-bearing walls with solid rectangular cross sections may be designed as werecolumns subject to axial load and bending, or they may be designed by an empiricalmethod given in section 14.5 of the code.

The empirical method can be used only if the resultant of all the factored loads fallswithin the middle third of the wall (that is, the eccentricity must be equal to or lessthan one-sixth the thickness of the wall).

Whichever of the two methods is used, the design must meet the minimumrequirements given for non-load-bearing walls.

14.2.4 Unless otherwise demonstrated by an analysis, the horizontal length ofwall considered as effective for each concentrated load shall not exceedthe smaller of the center-to-center distance between loads, and thebearing width plus four times the wall thickness.

where shall correspond to compression-controlled sections in accordance with 9.3.2.2In this case = 0.65, and effective length factor k shall be:

For walls braced top and bottom against lateral translation and(a) Restrained against rotation at one or both ends (top, bottom, or both) ............0.8(b) Unrestrained against rotation at both ends.....1.0

For walls not braced against lateral translation ....... 2.0

Ag= gross area of wall section (mm2)

Lc= vertical distance between supports (mm)

h = overall thickness of wall (mm)

14.5.3 Minimum thickness of walls designed by empirical design method

14.5.3 Minimum thickness of walls designed by empirical design method

14.5.3.1 Thickness of bearing walls shall not be less than 1/25 the supportedheight or length, whichever is shorter, nor less than 100 mm.

14.5.3.2 Thickness of exterior basement walls and foundation walls shall not beless than 190 mm.

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