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Page 1: MISCELÂNEAvilsonra/TE289_2018/Aulas/TE289_Aula06... · 2018-04-15 · Conduction Band Rpump ... Heat Ene rgy Crystal Momentum. Silicon Photonics III -Systems and Applications, L
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• MISCELÂNEA:

• Lista #05: entrega até antes da Aula de 23 ABR 2018.• Projeto-Exame:

• Entregar Resumo (título e objetivo) de uma página até 13 MAI 2018.• Entregar Proposta (título, objetivo, descrição, metodologia e referências) de

2 a 4 páginas até 27 MAI 2018.

• RESUMO:• Mecanismos de Perdas em Guias de Ondas• Dispositivos Ópticos Integrados• Acoplador Direcional

TE-289Dispositivos e Sensores Fotônicos Integrados

Aula 06 – 09 ABR 2018

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• TE-289 - 2017:

• Gabriel Cenato:

• ESTUDO DA APLICAÇÃO DE DISPOSITIVOS DE INTERFERÊNCIA MULTIMODAL (MMI) COMO FILTROS PASSA-FAIXAS PARA COMPRIMENTOS DE ONDA ESPECÍFICOS EM FOTÔNICA EM SILÍCIO

• Romildo:• Emprego de cavidades ressonantes em anel como filtros ópticos em

sistemas fotônicos de conversão PM-AM (modulação de fase para modulação de amplitude)

Projeto-ExameExemplos

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Mecanismos de Perdas em Guias de Ondas• Absorção Material• Espalhamentos: imperfeições, matéria quantizada, vibrações, etc.• Transições ao longo da propagação• Acoplamentos transversais• Guias Curvilíneos:

• Perdas em Guia Slab Simétrico I(z) I0 e - z

FONTE: Optical Filter Design and Analysis, C. K. Madsen And J. H. Zhao, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999

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“Improved Bend Loss Formula Verified for Optical Fiber by Simulation and Experiment”, IEEE J. Quantum Electronics, v. 43, n. 10, pp.899-909 (2007).

Optical Power Loss Coefficient (2): P(z) = P0 e–2 z

Normalized Propagation Constant (bbent)

Fórmula simplificada – Marcuse (1976)

Perdas em Guias Curvilíneos – Fibra Óptica

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Vlasov, Y. A. & McNab, S. J. Losses in single-mode silicon-on-insulator strip waveguides and bends, Optics Express 12, 1622-1631 (2004).

FONTE: Optical Filter Design and Analysis, C. K. Madsen And J. H. Zhao, Wiley, 1999

Perdas em GuiasCurvilíneos

Si

SiO2

Si

SiO2

Si

SiO2

nSi = 3,48nSiO2= 1,46

= (ncore-nclad) ⁄ncore

R = 0,5 m

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Fonte: Fundamentals of Photonics, Saleh & Teich, Capítulo 6, Wiley (2007)

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Fonte: ELEMENTS OF PHOTONICS, Volume II, Iizuka, Capítulo 9, Wiley (2002)

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H. Subbaraman et al., “Recent advances in silicon-based passive and active optical interconnects”, Optics Express, v.1, n.1, pp.2487-2511 (2015).

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H. Subbaraman et al., “Recent advances in silicon-based passive and active optical interconnects”, Optics Express, v.1, n.1, pp.2487-2511 (2015).

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H. Subbaraman et al., “Recent advances in silicon-based passive and active optical interconnects”, Optics Express, v.1, n.1, pp.2487-2511 (2015).

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H. Subbaraman et al., “Recent advances in silicon-based passive and active optical interconnects”, Optics Express, v.1, n.1, pp.2487-2511 (2015).

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Interferência MultiModal (MMI)

Optical Filter Design and Analysis, C. K. Madsen And J. H. Zhao, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999L. D. Tzuang et al., “Non-reciprocal phase shift induced by an effective magnetic flux for light”, Nature Photonics, v.8, n.9, pp.701-705 (2014).H. Subbaraman et al., “Recent advances in silicon-based passive and active optical interconnects”, Optics Express, v.1, n.1, pp.2487-2511 (2015).

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Q. Deng, Lu Liu, X. Li, and Z. Zhou, “Strip-slot waveguide mode converter based on symmetric multimode interference”, Optics Letters, v. 39,n.19, pp.5665-5668 (2014).

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http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n6/full/nphoton.2015.69.htmlhttp://www.inovacaotecnologica.com.br/noticias/noticia.php?artigo=algoritmo-reverso-projeta-processadores-luz&id=010110150608&ebol=sim#.VeiQvZdBl79

Inverse design and demonstration of a compact and broadband on-chip wavelength demultiplexer

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http://phys.org/news/2012-11-metamaterials-optics-microchip.html

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http://lightwave.ee.columbia.edu/?s=research&p=past_projectshttp://techglimpse.com/ibms-silicon-integrated-nanophotonics-icon-light-pulses-move-data-blazing-speeds/https://www.ntt-review.jp/archive/ntttechnical.php?contents=ntr201302fa7.html

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http://spie.org/x104683.xml

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http://nanophotonics.labs.masdar.ac.ae/research.htm

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http://uuu.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eng/http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/research/intel-labs-silicon-photonics-research.html

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http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Research/Projects/Data/107125.html

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http://www.aimphotonics.com/

American Institute for Manufacturing Integrated Photonics (AIM Photonics)

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Silicon Photonics

2016

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http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group_subpage.php?id=2763

Silicon Photonics

• Silicon advantages for (Nano)photonic applications:

• Compatibility with processes used in microelectronics (CMOS)

• Transparent in the wavelength range (near infrared) used in telecommunications: 0 = 1.28 ~ 1.65 m

• High refractive index contrast (air or silica): compact structures

• (In)sensitivity to (non)ionizing radiation

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Conduction Band

Rpump

relax

relax

AUG

RAD

SRH

surfλpump < 1.1 m

Valence Band

Electrical and Optical Properties of Silicon

λRAD ~ 1.1 μm

relax = 100 fs SRH = 1 ~ 1000 μs RAD = RAD.NFC msAUG = AUG.NFC

2

surf << 10 μs (passivated SOI)

Nonlinear Optical Coefficients:TPA = 8 x 10-12 m/W n2 = 4.5 x 10-18 m2/WRaman = 3.7 x 10-10m/W

Heat

En

erg

y

Crystal Momentum

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Silicon Photonics III - Systems and Applications, L. Pavesi & D. Lockwood (Springer-Verlag, 2016)

Silicon Photonics Platform

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J. Bowers, Heterogeneous Silicon III-V Photonic Integrated Circuits, Tutorial at OFC 2015 (http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7121893/)

Silicon Photonics

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Silicon Photonics

D. Thomson et al., Roadmap on silicon photonics, J. Opt. 18 (2016) 073003 (2016)

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Photonics Spectra

March 2016, p. 36.

Silicon Photonics

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/architecture-and-technology/silicon-photonics/silicon-photonics-overview.htmlhttp://www.lightwaveonline.com/articles/2016/08/intel-shipping-silicon-photonics-optical-transceivers.htmlhttp://optics.org/news/7/8/30

Intel shipping silicon photonics (100-Gbps) optical transceivers (Aug. 18, 2016)

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http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group_subpage.php?id=2763

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www.cpqd.com.br/noticias/ministro-ricardo-berzoini-inaugura-instalacoes-industriais-da-brphotonics/?utm_campaign=fatos_325&utm_medium=email&utm_source=RD+Station

http://www.telesintese.com.br/brphotonics-fecha-as-portas-belga-skylane-optics-estuda-aquisicao-dos-ativos/

http://brphotonics.com

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Grupo de Nanofotônica em Silício (ITA & IEAv)

Ring Resonator

Nanobeam Cavity

12 m

20 m

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Grupo de Nanofotônica em Silício (ITA & IEAv)

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Nanofotônica em Silício – Dispositivos Disponíveis

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Dispositivos Fotônicos IntegradosCTI – Roberto Panepucci (fabricados no IMEC)

IMEC 1 CTI.gds (Linha de comando)

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Laboratório de Plasmas e Processos (IEFF-ITA)

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Curso “EAD” em Silicon PhotonicsEBL Fabrication (UBCx)

https://edge.edx.org/courses/UBCx/Photonics101/P1/abouthttps://youtu.be/5xjlrzFEfmw

Janderson (2018)

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Curso “EAD” em Silicon PhotonicsEBL Fabrication (UBCx)

https://edge.edx.org/courses/UBCx/Photonics101/P1/about; https://youtu.be/5xjlrzFEfmw

Janderson (2018)

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Coffee Break

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Acoplador Direcional

https://br.comsol.com/wave-optics-module

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Fonte: Fundamentals of Photonics, Saleh & Teich, Capítulo 6, Wiley (2007)

Acoplador Direcional (Directional Coupler)

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Fonte: ELECTRO-OPTICS HANDBOOK, 2nd Edition, Capítulo 26, McGraw-Hill (2000); ouOptical Integrated Circuits, Hiroshi Nishihara et al., Capítulo 2, McGraw-Hill (1987).

Acopladores Direcionais Básicos

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Análise de Acopladores DirecionaisAbordagem Supermodal vs Teoria de Modos Acoplados

W. P. Huang, “Coupled-mode theory for optical waveguides: an overview”, JOSA A, v.11, n.3, pp. 963-983 (1994)

B. E. Little and W. P. Huang, “Coupled-Mode Theory for Optical Waveguides”, PIER-10, pp. 217-270 (1995)

K. Yasumoto, “Coupled-mode formulation of parallel dielectric waveguides”, Opt. Letters Vol. 18, n. 7, pp. 503-504 (1993).

W. P. Huang and J. Mu, “Complex coupled-mode theory for optical waveguides”, Opt. Express, v. 17, n. 21, pp. 19134-19152 (2009).

C. E. Nobriga et al., “Supermode dispersion and waveguide-to-slot mode transition in arrays of silicon-on-insulator waveguides”, Opt. Leters, v. 35, n. 23 (2010).

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Fonte: ELEMENTS OF PHOTONICS, Volume II, Iizuka, Capítulo 9, Wiley (2002)

2 s >> 1 A A’; B B’; e C C’

cos

Abordagem Supermodal: Acoplador Direcional Simétrico – Slab TM

+

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47

Acoplador DirecionalSimétrico Slab (Modo TM)

Fonte: ELEMENTS OF PHOTONICS, Volume II, Iizuka, Capítulo 9, Wiley (2002)

SimetriaPar

SimetriaÍmpar

TM0 & TM1 TM2 & TM3

Zeros das LHS’s = soluções guiadas

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48

Fonte: ELEMENTS OF PHOTONICS, Volume II, Iizuka, Capítulo 9, Wiley (2002)

zE

zEzEzI

zE

zEzEzI

EI

zejEeeeE

eE

eE

zE

zeEeeeE

eE

eE

zE

oeoe

oeoe

oezjzjzjzj

zjzj

oezjzjzjzj

zjzj

oeoeoeoe

oe

oeoeoeoe

oe

cos122

sin

cos122

cos

2sin

222

2cos

222

2

022

0

2

BB

2

022

0

2

AA2

20

222000B

20

222000A

Comprimento de Acoplamento (L LA)

Comprimento de Batimento: LB = 2.L

IA

IB

I

z

Abordagem Supermodal: Acoplador Direcional Simétrico – Slab TM

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Teoria de Modos Acoplados(Optical Integrated Circuits, Nishihara et. al., Capítulo 3, pp. 46-61)(Fundamentals of Optoelectronics, Pollock, Capítulo 10, 271-294)

Acoplador Direcional(Abordagem por Teoria de

Modos Acoplados)

Método que descreve o comportamento de um guia de ondas sujeito aperturbações, em termos dos modos do guia de ondas não-perturbado.

Fonte: Fundamentals of Photonics, Saleh & Teich, Capítulo 6, Wiley (2007)

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1 2 1= 2

Teoria de Modos Acoplados(Optical Integrated Circuits, Nishihara et. al., Capítulo 3, pp. 46-61)(Fundamentals of Optoelectronics, Pollock, Capítulo 10, 271-294)

Fonte: Fundamentals of Photonics, Saleh & Teich, Capítulo 6, Wiley (2007)

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Teoria de Modos Acoplados(Optical Integrated Circuits, Nishihara et. al., Capítulo 3, pp. 46-61)(Fundamentals of Optoelectronics, Pollock, Capítulo 10, 271-294)

0

1

2

2

2

0000

t

EE

EEEPEED

y

y

matmatmat

2

2

2

2

2

t

P

t

EE

PED

perty

y

pert

Meio semperturbação

Meio Perturbado

Princípio perturbacional da Teoria de Modos Acoplados

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Lançamento no semi-guia esquerdo(igualdade de supermodos par/ímpar).Guia sem perturbação.

Lançamento do supermodo par.Guia com perturbação.

Lançamento do supermodo ímpar.Guia com perturbação.

Lançamento no semi-guia esquerdo(igualdade de supermodos par/ímpar).Guia com perturbação.

Lançamento no semi-guia direito(igualdade de supermodos par/ímpar).Guia com perturbação.

Perturbações em Acopladores Direcionais

Simulações realizadas no BeamPROP (RSoft).

Disponível no ITA (LabGE) e no IEAv (EFO-EFA).

ParadoxoModos Acoplados

vsSupermodos

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M. Mrejen et al., “Adiabatic elimination-based coupling control in densely packed subwavelength waveguides”, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8565

Perturbações em Acopladores Direcionais

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Avisos Finais

• Lista de Exercícios #05:

• Entrega até antes da Aula de 23 ABR 2018

• Lista de Exercícios #06:

• Disponível até 20 ABR 2018

• Entrega até 07 MAI 2018 às 23:59

• 1ª Prova Bimestral:

• Disponível até 30 ABR 2018

• Entrega até 22 MAI 2018 às 23:59

• Projeto-Exame:

• Entregar Resumo (título e objetivo) de uma página até 13 MAI 2018.

• Entregar Proposta (título, objetivo, descrição, metodologia e referências) de 2a 4 páginas até 27 MAI 2018.

• Próxima Aula (23 ABR 2018):