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MnDOT Update on Full Depth RepairsMnDOT Update on Full Depth Repairs Research

Maria Masten, P.E and Gordy BruhnMnDOT Concrete Engineering UnitCPAM Concrete Paving Workshop

March 9, 2017

• What did we try?E di d ti k• Epoxy dip and stick

• Epoxy double dip • Epoxy – fill and twist p y• Grout box method • Grout dip and stick

h ld• 1 hour old grout• Grout capsules • Polygrip epoxyPolygrip epoxy

• Also tried additional brushing and compressed air and grout rings to see if any made a significant impact on the performance of the repair

• Had problems with epoxy due to cold temperatures

2013 Construction Season

• MnDOT randomly cored CPR j t i 2013every CPR project in 2013

• One Contractor took initiative to core and check their own workmanship

• Most effective cause for Contractor to change was when MnDOT cored each project – even when C t t kiContractors were working on multiple projects

MnROAD FDR Field Installation – Phase 2 –8/15-16/2013

• 1” and 1.25” diameter dowel bars

/ /

1 and 1.25 diameter dowel bars• All lanes diamond ground

N t difi d t b t l• No grout, modified grout bag, grout capsule, epoxy (2 types)C ll d l i• Controlled location

• FWD testing seasonally• Coring• Monitoring over timeMonitoring over time

Old I-94 By-Pass Lane Test SectionMnROAD Mainline - Old Westbound Interstate I-94 (By-Pass)13 cells 9” JRCP / 6” Class-6 Base / Clay (1973)each cell has 3 joints = 81 feet long = both lanes Estimated 140,000 Rigid ESAL/Year

28 500 ADT 13% T k28,500 ADT - 13% TrucksStarts MP-199 1East

joint# 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1feet 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5

Cell 973 Cell 974

Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding

Cell 970 Cell 971 Cell 972

1 2

1.25" Dowels 1" Dowels 1.25" Dowels 1" Dowels

Cell 975 Cell 976 Cell 977 Cell 978 Cell 979

1" Dowels

Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint RepairNo Grout No Grout Grout - Bag Injected Grout - Bag Injected Grout - Dip Method

Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint RepairDiamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding

joint# 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 2feet 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5

Epoxy - Powers Epoxy - Powers1 25" Dowels 1" Dowels 1 25" Dowels 1" Dowels 1 25" Dowels

Grout - Dip Method Grout - Capsule Method Grout - Capsule Method

Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond GrindingFull Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint Repair

2West Note: Updated - July 24, 2013

Need to discuss the -joint# 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Monitoring (FWD Joints, Distress, LISA Ride)

feet 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 13.5 27 27 13.5 Analysis - Need to discuss

Cell 980 Cell 981 Cell 982

1.25 Dowels 1 Dowels 1.25 Dowels 1 Dowels 1.25 Dowels

FWD Point pre-full depth repair26 points (2 per cell)marked on roadway

Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding Diamond Grinding

1" Dowels 1.25" Dowels

Full Depth Joint Repair Full Depth Joint Repair No RepairEpoxy - Rezi Weld Epoxy - Rezi Weld "control"

MnROAD Traffic (I-94 Bypass)

• 9” JRCP/6” Class-6 Base / Clay (1973)i d 1 0 000 i id S /• Estimated 140,000 Rigid ESAL/Year

• 28,500 AADT – 13% Trucks

• Since Test Section Installations (8/16/13-12/31/16)Days on Rigid AADT %WB %Trucks in By-pass CESALS Traffic DL

9/1/2013 29 164,133 6576 23.8 81.72014 66 348 656 4871 18 1 79 22014 66 348,656 4871 18.1 79.22015 58 316,824 4585 15.9 78.92016 166 869 463 12574 45 4 81 92016 166 869,463 12574 45.4 81.9Totals 319 1,699,076

FWD Testing Locations Cells 970 - 981 (w/patches)

East Patch "X" West

Cell 982 (control w/o patch)

East Joint "X" West

Passing Passing

Driving

Driving

X, approach, patch

X, leave, pavement

X, approach, pavement

X, leave, patch X, leave, pavement

X, approach, pavement

Measuring Dowel Bar Effectiveness with FWD TestingFWD Testing

• Larson and Smith (2005) suggest that “doweled joints with• Larson and Smith (2005) suggest that doweled joints with LTE of 85 percent or less and/or a differential deflection greater than 5 mils in five years or less are unlikely to provide satisfactory long-term performance.”

• Values reflect new construction – I believe adaptive to pperformance of full depth repairs

Source: Guide to Dowel Load Transfer Systems for Jointed Concrete Roadway Pavements (Sept 2011)Pavements (Sept 2011)

Measuring Dowel Bar Effectiveness with FWD TestingFWD Testing

T i l “A ti ” th h ld f 50 t 70• Typical “Action” thresholds range from 50 to 70 percent Load Transfer Efficiency (LTE) considering LTE onlyonly

• Larson and Smith (2005) suggest that “The maximum diff ti l d fl ti it i f 5 il h ldifferential deflection criteria of 5 mils may help evaluate dowel looseness or the possibility of delaminations in the concrete at the dowel bar level ”delaminations in the concrete at the dowel bar level.

Source: Guide to Dowel Load Transfer Systems for Jointed Concrete Roadway Pavements (Sept 2011)Pavements (Sept 2011)

D1D10 D3 direction of traffic and testing

approach, pavement

NG1 NG1.25 GB1 GB1.25 GD1 GD1.25 GC1 GC1.25 EP1 EP1.25 ER1 ER1.25 C

Cells 970D1D10 D3direction of traffic and testing

leave, patch

NG1 NG1.25 GB1 GB1.25 GD1 GD1.25 GC1 GC1.25 EP1 EP1.25 ER1 ER1.25

D1D10 D3direction of traffic and testing

approach, patch


w/patches) D1D10 D3direction of traffic and testingdirection of traffic and testing

leave, pavement


D1D10 D3 direction of traffic and testingDowel bar looseness

approach, pavement


direction of traffic and testing

Cells 970D1D10 D3

leave patchleave, patch

Dowel bar looseness


D1D10 D3direction of traffic and testing

approach, patch

Dowel bar looseness


w/patches) D1D10 D3direction of traffic and testing

leave, pavement

Dowel bar looseness


Preliminary Conclusions

• No Grout and Dip and Stick Grout repairs are f i hperforming the worst

• In some cases the data shows that the No Grout and Dip and Stick were worse than doing nothing (control)

• The 1” diameter dowel bars are showing increased differential deflection vs. the 1.25” diameter dowelsdowels

• Final Report on Research will be completed by Fall• Final Report on Research will be completed by Fall 2017

Summer of 2017

• Concrete Rehab Projectsj• Verification of Increased Drill Bit Diameter

• MnROAD constructionN ti l R d R h Alli (NRRA)• National Road Research Alliance (NRRA) pooled fund

• Concrete Rehab and Diamond Grinding

Utilize Drill Bit Diameter ≥1/8th-inch larger then Specified Dowel Bar Diam. p

1.25’’ Dowel requires a drill bit1.25 Dowel requires a drill bit diameter of 1.375’’ (1 3/8’’ min.)

Full Depth Repair Type CD-HVFull Depth Repair Type CD HV

Increased Drill and Grout Dowel Full Depth Repair Increased Drill and Grout Dowel

Bar Size, From 1-inch to 1.25-inch Dowel Bar Diam.

12’ wide (typical)

Low Volume Full Depth Repair will Remain 1’’ Diameter Dowel Bars

Summer of 2017 – MnROADConstructionConstruction

• MnROAD has roughly 1800 ftMnROAD has roughly 1800 ft

• 27 foot panels ~ 60+ panels

• 1973 PCC Doweled Concrete (9" thick)

• Looking for 15 material TypesLooking for 15 material Types• 3U18 – Modified, 3U18 – Accelerator, HMA

• 2 - 3" depth patches

GOAL: 5 year maintenance type fixesGOAL: 5 year – maintenance type fixes

Proposed Repair Layout

3 foot HMA Inside Shoulder

Transition Slabno repairs Panel 1 Panel 2

Panel 3

Transition Slabno repairs

12'PassingLane



12'DrivingLane

27' 27' 27' 27' 27'

10 foot HMA Outside Shoulder

// / / /MnDOT Specifications - http://www.dot.state.mn.us/materials/concretedocs/MemoandCPR_Details_04-22-2016.pdf

Centerline Patch (10" x 60" - 5" on each side of C/L) Corner Patch (10"x10")1 pass 6 feet 2 pass 4 feet

Midlane Patch (10"x36" - 5" on each side of C/L)) C/L Joint Patch (10"x24" -- 5" in into each panel)2 pass 6 feet 2 pass 4 feet

Full length patch (10" x 144" - 5" on each side of C/L) Wheel Path Patch (10"x92" -- 5" in into each panel - ends in WP)1 pass 24 feet 1 pass 8 feet

Midlane Patch (10"x10")2 pass 2 feet

Summer of 2017 – MnROADConstructionConstruction

• Diamond Grind Low Volume Road LoopsDiamond Grind Low Volume Road Loops• See if diamond grinding accelerates materials

related distress (MRD)related distress (MRD)

• One lane environmental – one lane traffic

• Both will have deicing activities similar to the highway

• Apply sealer on some sections to see if mitigate MRD

GOAL: Controlled sections to monitor

Th kThank youQuestions?Questions?

Maria Masten i @

Gordy Bruhnd b h @[email protected]

[email protected]

651-366-5523

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