mobile communications in japan - 総務省unit : 10 thousand) [ number of subscribers on...
TRANSCRIPT
Mobile Communications in Japan
23rd June,2009
Sumitaka SHIRAKABE
Assistant Director,L d M bil C i ti Di i i R di D t t
Sumitaka SHIRAKABE
Land Mobile Communications Division, Radio DepartmentTelecommunications Bureau, MIC Japan
Contents
Current Situation of Mobile Communications
Policy Frameworks for Mobile Communications
Spectrum Allocation
3 9G Mobile Communications System 3.9G Mobile Communications System
IMT Advanced (4G)
BWA(Broadband Wireless Access)
Development and Implementation of ITS
1
C t Sit ti fC t Sit ti fCurrent Situation of Current Situation of Mobile CommunicationsMobile CommunicationsMobile CommunicationsMobile Communications
[ Number of Subscribers on Telecommunication Services ](unit : 10 thousand)
From “Fixed” to “Mobile”
10733
10 170
12,000
Fixed Communications
[ Number of Subscribers on Telecommunication Services ](unit 10 thousand)
9,147
9,648
10,170
10,000Fixed Communications
Mobile Communications(Cellular + PHS)
8,6658,112
7,4826,678
8,000
5,2455,453 5,627 5,765 5,883 5,994 6,111 6,153 6,045 5,900
5,5555,226 5,100 5,116 5,159 5163 5058 51234,731
5,6856,000
, 50584815.9
2,691
3,8254,000
Tipping Point(March 2000)Tipping Point(March 2000)
49 87 138 171 213433
1,170
2,000(March 2000)(March 2000)
3
49 87 433
0
'90/3
'91/3
'92/3
'93/3
'94/3
'95/3
'96/3
'97/3
'98/3
'99/3
'00/3
'01/3
'02/3
'03/3
'04/3
'05/3
'06/3
'07/3
'08/3
Changes in the number of mobile phone subscribers~TCA investigation~
100 93.8 %
May 2009Number of subscribers-Mobile phones: Approx. 108,127,900 units-IMT-2000: Approx. 101,378,100 units
(million)~TCA investigation~
80
90
rs
60
70
subs
crib
er
40
50
60
T-20
00
bile
pho
ne
20
30
40
IMT-
ber
of m
ob
10
20
Num
b
2001St t f IMT 2000 i
4
0
(FY)
Start of IMT-2000 service1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
2009.52006 2007
Expanding the Mobile World
Telephone (Voice) Data communication(Internet access) Mainstay of a ubiquitous network societyImage transmission
(Camera phone)
“Hello, …” E-mailPhoto/Video mail
GameVideo telephony
Restaurant WeatherTV
guideWeather forecast Navigation
system
Credit paymentEl t iElectronic money
Music downloading
5
Growth of Mobile Contents and Mobile CommerceOverviewOverview
Both mobile contents and mobile commerce markets keep growing.Mobile contents market reached 366 billion yen, while mobile commerce market reached 562 billion yen.
Other Features
6 000
Mobile contents: Ring-song substitutes Ring-tone. Now cellular ring-tone may substitute portable audio.Mobile commerce: Commodity’s growth is outstanding.
unit: 100 million yen unit: 100 million yenGrowth of Mobile Contents Market Growth of Mobile Commerce Market
3,000
3,500
4,000
4 000
5,000
6,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
2 000
3,000
4,000
0
500
1,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20060
1,000
2,000
Ring-tone 736 957 1,101 1,167 1,048 843 Ring-song 1 28 201 562 759 Game 90 201 270 412 589 748 Other 491 634 734 823 951 1,311
0
Commodity 344 541 969 1,542 2,583 Service 809 930 1,183 1,646 1,928 Transaction 40 238 441 886 1,113
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Total 1,317 1,793 2,133 2,603 3,150 3,661 Total 1,193 1,709 2,593 4,074 5,624 “Other” covers display-application, portal site, information provider
(ex: sports, maps), online book, email decoration, etc.In recent years, the growths of online book and email decoration are outstanding.
Commodity: Online shopping, etc.Service: Online ticketing for entertainments, transportation, etc.Transaction: Commission fee for auction, financial transaction, etc.
(Only covers commission fee; does not cover the amount of transaction) 6
Mobile System Evolution RoadmapCellular
2G3G
W-CDMA
CDMA-2000
3.9G
LTE、UMB
3.5GHSDPA
EV-DO
Cellular
CDMA-2000
4G(IMT-Advanced)
Mobile 100MbpsNomadic 1Gbps
(IMT Advanced)
Voice Internet
~kbps ~384kbps ~14Mbps 100Mbps
High data rate, various services…
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless AccessWireless MAN
WiMAX, XGP, etc
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless
(20~40Mbps)Wide AreaMobility
WirelessLAN
11Mb 54Mb 100Mb 1GbUltra-high-High Speed
2000 2010
11Mbps 54Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps speed W-LANHigh Speed
7
Policy Frameworks Policy Frameworks f M bil C i tif M bil C i tifor Mobile Communicationsfor Mobile Communications
-- Spectrum AllocationSpectrum Allocation ---- Spectrum Allocation Spectrum Allocation --
Measures to cope with increased spectrum demand
Rapid response needed to cope with increased need for faster, more diverse wireless systems
Frequency Open Policy(2003)
Promotion MeasuresPromotion MeasuresSurveys on Actual Radio Spectrum UsageSurveys on Actual Radio Spectrum Usage
MIC ‘s “Action Plan for Spectrum Reallocation”
Upgrade of System for Rapid Reallocation
Upgrade of System for Rapid ReallocationPromotion of R&DPromotion of R&D Rapid Reallocation
and Usage of FrequenciesRapid Reallocation
and Usage of Frequencies
Government funds allocated to subsidize
9
R&D for effective frequency utilizationDevelopment of new frequency bands
Gove e t u ds a ocated to subs d erapid spectrum reallocation
Promotion of frequency band shift for private-sector businesses
[ P t ]
Efficient Spectrum Use for Digital Dividend
90~108MHz 170~222MHz 470~770MHz
Analog TVBroadcasting
Analog TVBroadcasting
Analog TV BroadcastingDigital TV Broadcasting
[ Present ]
[ After July 2012 ]
Digital TV Broadcastingg g90 108 170 222 710 770
[ Frequency Reallocation Plan ](Th I f ti d C i ti C il R t)
108 170 202.5 207.5 222
710~770MHz
715 725 730 770
170~222MHz90~108MHz
90
(The Information and Communications Council Report)
10
BroadcastingBroadcasting Commercial Services(ex: cellular)
Commercial Services(ex: cellular)ITSITS
General Services(Public / Private)General Services(Public / Private)
Applications Images
Broadcasting General Services(Public / Private) ITS Commercial Services
(ex: cellular)
1 0 1 1 0 ・ ・ ・
1 0 1 1 0 ・ ・ ・
携帯端末向けモバイル番組
災害情報 ニュース
携帯端末向けモバイル番組
災害情報 ニュース
Mobile Broadcasting
Disaster Information News
Control Station
Command Command Station x
電車の中でスポーツ観戦…いつでも
どこでも
Anytime and
anywhere
Watching sports in the train Providing information to
prevent collisions at intersections.
Station Station
Command Station
歩きながら…Walking
Spectrum Needs: Spectrum Needs:Spectrum Needs: Spectrum Needs:pBroadband wireless system mainly for public bodies which enables to transmit detailed information to enhance public safety and security
pIntelligent Transport System(ITS) realizes vehicle-to-vehiclecommunication, providing safety assistance to prevent accidents.
pReception of one-segment digitalTV program through mobile phonehas rapidly spread, there is a greatexpectation for the introduction of “multimedia broadcasting” services
pAdvanced application of cellularservices provoke rapid traffic growth and spectrum demands.
safety and security.multimedia broadcasting servicesdelivered to mobile equipments.
Current Proceedings:MIC is holding a study to introducem ltimedia broadcasting ser ices
Current Proceedings:Various R&D projects held by Japanese a to ind str
Current Proceedings:Various R&D projects held by Japanese cell lar ind str
Current Proceedings:MIC is holding a study to examinetechnical parameters and tomultimedia broadcasting services,
discussing on the service image,interface to be adopted, networkdeployment, etc.
Japanese auto industry.MIC has prepared preferential scheme for flexible spectrum use.
Japanese cellular industry; however, there is no activity specified to this 700-900 MHz band use.
technical parameters and to realize common platform among different public bodies.
11
Policy Frameworks Policy Frameworks f M bil C i tif M bil C i tifor Mobile Communicationsfor Mobile Communications
-- 3 9 G Mobile Communications System3 9 G Mobile Communications System---- 3.9 G Mobile Communications System3.9 G Mobile Communications System--
Mobile System Evolution RoadmapCellular
2G3G
W-CDMA
CDMA-2000
3.9G
LTE、UMB
3.5GHSDPA
EV-DO
Cellular
CDMA-2000
4G(IMT-Advanced)
Mobile 100MbpsNomadic 1Gbps
(IMT Advanced)
Voice Internet
~kbps ~384kbps ~14Mbps 100Mbps
High data rate, various services…
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless AccessWireless MAN
WiMAX, XGP, etc
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless
(20~40Mbps)Wide AreaMobility
WirelessLAN
11Mb 54Mb 100Mb 1GbUltra-high-High Speed
2000 2010
11Mbps 54Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps speed W-LANHigh Speed
13
Introduction of 3.9G Mobile Communications System
What is 3.9G ?
3.9G is the next major step in mobile communications systems ( )LTE (Long Term Evolution)
UMB(Urtra Mobile Broadband)
Maximum data speedDownlink Speed : 100Mbps (equivalent to FTTH)Uplink Speed : 50Mbps
Spectrum efficiency (Comparison to HSPA)Spectrum efficiency (Comparison to HSPA) 3 times better than 3.5G uplink2 time better than 3.5G downlink
All IP network Smooth migration to 4G (IMT Advanced)Smooth migration to 4G (IMT-Advanced)
14
World Situation of 3.9G Mobile System
Japan
Carrier 3G System 3.9G System
NTT DoCoMo W-CDMA LTESoftbank Mobile W-CDMA LTEe-mobile W-CDMA LTEau / KDDI CDMA2000 LTE
EU US
Vodafone U K W CDMA LTE
Carrier 3G System 3.9G System
AT&T Mobility W CDMA LTE
Carrier 3G System 3.9G System
Vodafone U.K. W-CDMA LTEOrange France W-CDMA LTET-Mobile Germany W-CDMA LTEO2 Spain W-CDMA LTE
AT&T Mobility W-CDMA LTEVerizon CDMA2000 LTESprint CDMA2000 TBD
p
15
Process of 3.9G Introduction
Public Consultation
Official Announcement of the draft of 3.9G deployment guidance Official Announcement of the draft of 3.9G deployment guidance 23rdJan.,2009(Deployment guidance ≒ Licensing policy)
(23rd Jan. ~ 23rd Feb.)
Inquiry and Deliberation at Radio CouncilInquiry and Deliberation at Radio Council11thMarch,2009
Application of Deployment PlansApplication of Deployment Plans3rdApril~7thMay,2009
Inquiry and Deliberation at Radio CouncilInquiry and Deliberation at Radio Council
Approval of 3.9G Deployment PlansApproval of 3.9G Deployment Plans10thJune,2009
3.9G Service can be started3.9G Service can be startedDec.,2010 ~16
To put in place of faster higher capacity wireless broadband environment and enhance the
Outline of the 3.9G licensingTo put in place of faster , higher capacity wireless broadband environment and enhance the international competitiveness of Japan, MIC assigns frequencies to up to 4 entities for the introduction of 3.9G mobile communication system.
1 5 GH b d 1 7 GH b d
(1)10MHz
(2)10MHz
1.5 GHz band 1.7 GHz band
Use restriction*
uard
ban
d
Publ
ic
serv
ice
uard
ban
d
(3)15MHz
(4)10MHz
IMT-2000
1844.9 1854.9 1859.91475.9 1485.9 1495.9 1510.9 (MHz) (MHz)
*Unavailable in some areas including Tokyo, Tokai, Kinki areas, until the end of March 2014, when its use for digital MCA expires.
G
s
Gu
Outline of the draft of 3 9G license PolicyAssign 10 MHz or 15 MHz to up to 4 entities for prospective entrants or existing operators. Achieve 50% or higher population coverage within 5 years in 11 districts for 3.9G and 3.5G upgraded-system.
( i l i d f b d ll l d i d f b d )
Outline of the draft of 3.9G license Policy
(using newly assigned frequency bands as well as already-assigned frequency bands).Allow the use of the frequency bands for 3G or 3.5G to flexibly respond in various ways to 3.9G deployment.
License for 3 9G (Assigned on 10 June 2009)License for 3.9G (Assigned on 10 June 2009)
1.5 GHz band 1.7 GHz bandUse restriction*nd nd IMT 2000
1475.9 1485.9 1495.9 1510.9 (MHz)
Gua
rd b
a
Publ
ic
serv
ice
Gua
rd b
a n IMT-2000
10MHz 10MHz 10MHz 10MHz
1844.9 1854.9 1859.9 (MHz)17
Policy Frameworks Policy Frameworks f M bil C i tif M bil C i tifor Mobile Communicationsfor Mobile Communications
-- IMT Advanced (4G)IMT Advanced (4G) ---- IMT Advanced (4G) IMT Advanced (4G) --
Mobile System Evolution RoadmapCellular
2G3G
W-CDMA
CDMA-2000
3.9G
LTE、UMB
3.5GHSDPA
EV-DO
Cellular
CDMA-2000
4G(IMT-Advanced)
Mobile 100MbpsNomadic 1Gbps
(IMT Advanced)
Voice Internet
~kbps ~384kbps ~14Mbps 100Mbps
High data rate, various services…
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless AccessWireless MAN
WiMAX, XGP, etc
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless
(20~40Mbps)Wide AreaMobility
WirelessLAN
11Mb 54Mb 100Mb 1GbUltra-high-High Speed
2000 2010
11Mbps 54Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps speed W-LANHigh Speed
19
Future development of IMT-Advanced
The target peak data rate of research and investigation - approximately 100 Mbit/s for high mobility
i l 1 Gbi / f l bili
ITU R Recommendation
- approximately 1 Gbit/s for low mobility
New capabilities of IMT: Root NameITU-R Recommendation M.1645
IMT
Mobility
High
pIMT-Advanced
Capability of IMT
(International Mobile Telecommunications)
IMT
IMTIMT--20002000 IMTIMT--AdvancedAdvanced
High
IMT-2000EnhancedIMT-2000
New Mobile Access
Capability of IMT
advancement
New Nomadic/Local Area
IMT-2000:Also encompasses its enhancements and
IMT-Advanced:The ITU RadiocommunicationAssembly resolved that that the
1 10 100 1000
Low
Peak Useful Data Rate(Mbit/s)
Wireless Accessenhancements and future developments.
Assembly resolved that that the term “IMT-Advanced” be applied to those systems, system components, and related aspects that include new radio interface(s) that support the new
Denotes interconnection between systems via networks, allowing flexible use in any environment without making users aware of constituent systems
( ) ppcapabilities of systems beyond IMT-2000 systems (October 2007).
20
Milestone of the work of ITU for IMT-Advanced(Year) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20092007 2008 2010
Deployment of IMT-Advanced
2011
WRC-07WRC-03WRC-2000
networks (after 2011)
(Identification of new spectrum for IMT)
(Setting Agenda Item for WRC-07)
(Setting Agenda Item for WRC-03)
Recommendation
(1) Study for System concept
WP8F
(2) Study for IMT frequency (3) Study for detailed specification
WP5D
SG5
•Naming for IMT•Spectrum requirement for IMT
ITU-R Recommendation for Framework (June 2003)
• Principles for the process of development of IMT-Advanced
• Circular letter to invite proposal for candidate radio interface
•Sharing study in candidate bands
for candidate radio interface technologies for IMT-Advanced
• ITU-R Recommendation for detailed specifications of IMT-AdvancedAdvanced
21
World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC)
WRC-07 (October-November 2007) Identification of new spectrum for IMT Identification of new spectrum for IMT
Identified Spectrum Bands: Total 428MHz or IMT Identified Spectrum Bands: Total 428MHz or IMT 450-470MHz
All Regions
698 790(806) MH 698-790(806) MHz Region 2 + 9 countries in Region 3 (China, Korea (Rep. of), India, Japan, New Zealand, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines and Singapore)
2300-2400MHz All Regions
3400-3600MHz 3400 3600MHz 81 countries and 1 area in Region 1 + 9 countries and 1 area in Region 3 (Korea (Rep. of), Japan,
Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), New Zealand, Singapore and French Overseas Communities in Region 3)French Overseas Communities in Region 3)
22
Policy Frameworks Policy Frameworks yyfor Mobile Communicationsfor Mobile Communications
BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
Mobile System Evolution RoadmapCellular
2G3G
W-CDMA
CDMA-2000
3.9G
LTE、UMB
3.5GHSDPA
EV-DO
Cellular
CDMA-2000
4G(IMT-Advanced)
Mobile 100MbpsNomadic 1Gbps
(IMT Advanced)
Voice Internet
~kbps ~384kbps ~14Mbps 100Mbps
High data rate, various services…
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless AccessWireless MAN
WiMAX, XGP, etc
≒Mobile × FTTH
Wireless
(20~40Mbps)Wide AreaMobility
WirelessLAN
11Mb 54Mb 100Mb 1GbUltra-high-High Speed
2000 2010
11Mbps 54Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps speed W-LANHigh Speed
24
Business Domain of BWA (Broadband Wireless System)
Variety of
BWA may open up new business frontier by all-IP, high-speed data, and fixed-charge.
Speed Area
(Di t )
Broadband Wireless Access
Variety of Interface
(Distance)
IMT-2000
(HSDPA)~14.4Mbps 2-3km
Wireless LAN 54Mbps 100m
・Importance for data-transmission Speed・Fixed-rate data service (similar to ADSL)・Horizontal; various usage expected
WiMAX ~ about 20Mbps※ 2-10km
XGP ~ about 20Mbps※ ~3km
※ In case of Non-MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output)
Handset
(Multi Input Multi Output)
・Importance on Quality of Service(including area, voice transmission, etc)Li it ti “L i ” i i
Cellular
・Limitation on “Low-price” provision・Vertically integrated business model
SmallLi ht
Service FeatureNetwork Structure
DataAll IP
VoiceCircuit Switch
Light
25
(T l i ti C il i D 2006)
BWA Introduction to 2.5GHz Bands
Do nlink Speed: 20 30 Mbps (equi alent to ADSL or Wireless LAN)
(Telecommunications Council in Dec.2006)Technical Requirements
-Downlink Speed: 20-30 Mbps (equivalent to ADSL or Wireless LAN)-Uplink Speed: 10 Mbps (faster than HSUPA)-Spectrum Efficiency: 0.8bps/Hz or more (better than 3G and 3.5G)M bili 20k /h
Adopted Systems
-Mobility: 120km/h or more
Four systems are proposed to the Council and all proved to satisfy the above requirements:
(1) Mobile:-IEEE 802.16e-2005 (Mobile WiMAX)-XGPXGP-IEEE 802.20 Wideband (Qualcomm)-IEEE 802.20 625kMC (enhanced i-Burst ; Kyocera)
(2) FWA:-IEEE 802.16e-2005
26
2545MHz 2625MHz2575MHz 2595MHz
2.5GHz Bands Licensing Policies for BWA Introduction
Nationwide Band (MOBILE)
30MHzRegional Band
10MHz
G
B
G
BNationwide Band (MOBILE)
30MHz
- Allocate 30MHz each, maximum 2 operators.Restriction of incumbent cellular operators share (less than 1/3)
※GB: Guard Band (Total 10MHz)Nationwide Band
- Restriction of incumbent cellular operators share (less than 1/3) .- To launch the service within 3 years after the spectrum allocation.- To cover 50% or more of each planned service area within 5 years after the spectrum allocation.p
- To set up plans for MVNOs to use the BWA networks.
Willcom(XGP), UQ Communications(Mobile WiMAX)
Beauty Contest among four Applicants(Dec 21, 2007 )
Regional Band
- Willcom : Trial Service(from April 27,2009), Commercial Service(from Oct,2009)- UQ com : Free Pilot Service (from Feb 26, 2009), Commercial Service(from July 1,2009)
- Allocate 10 MHz to local operators (including CATV), principally city by city.- Requirement of plans to contribute to enhancing the local welfare,
such as serving in digital devided areas to secure broadband access in rural areas
Regional Band
such as serving in digital devided areas to secure broadband access in rural areas.
42 operators got licenses (41 CATV operators,1 telecom operator) (June 16, 2008)27
Development andDevelopment andDevelopment and Development and Implementation of ITSImplementation of ITS
((IIntelligent ntelligent TTransport ransport SSystems)ystems)
Radio Wave Media for ITS(Intelligent Transport Systems)
Broadcasting Type C i i TBroadcasting Type Communication Type
Wide Area(Interactive)FM Multiplex Broadcasting(76~90MHz)
Wide Area (Broadcasting)
Mobile Phone(800MHz,2GHz, etc.)
(76~90MHz)
-VICS- (Vehicle Information and Communication System)
Public Traffic information
GPS Radio Beacon(2 5GHz 5 8GHz)
ETC / DSRCSub Millimeter Wave
Vehicle to Infrastructure(5.8GHz)
(2.5GHz、5.8GHz)
Sensor TypeETC / DSRC
ミリ波
先行車
Sub-,Millimeter Wave(60,76,79GHz) OBU
ETC : Electronic Toll Collection
DSRC : Dedicated Short Range Communication
Vehicle to Vehicle(700MHz、5.8GHz)
Steps
Gas Station
60㍑5500 yen
Parking lot(Auto Fee collection)
~100m
ITS for Pedestrians (13.56MHz、950MHz、2.4GHz)
WarningWarning
Steps there
yWarning“A car is comming”
(A car is comming)
34
Radio Systems for ITS in Japan
Spectrum Service Technological Requirements
VICS76-90MHz
VICS(Vehicle Information and Communications System)
(FM multiplex broadcasting) ・Provide traffic information Enacted in 1994
2.5GHz(Radio beacon)
ETC(Electronic Toll Collection)
・Collect highway fee(Communication type)
Enacted in 1997
5.8GHz( yp )
DSRC(Dedicated Short Range Communication)
・Collect highway fee ・Provide various information (Communication Broadcast type)
Enacted in 2001(Revised 2007)Communication) (Communication, Broadcast type)
Sub-millimeter, millimeter wave system
24/26GHz・Detect obstacles (S )
Under consideration
60/76GHz Enacted in 1997millimeter wave system (Sensor type)79GHz Under consideration
Vehicle to Vehicle 5.8GHz ・Send safety informationGuidelines for field experiment in 2007
communication systemy
(Communication type)p
700MHz Under consideration
35