modeling grb 080319b xuefeng wu (x. f. wu, 吴雪峰 ) penn state university purple mountain...
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Modeling GRB 080319B
Xuefeng Wu (X. F. Wu, 吴雪峰 )Penn State University
Purple Mountain Observatory
2008 Nanjing GRB Workshop, Nanjing, China, June 23-27
Collaborators: J. Racusin, D. Burrows, P. Meszaros (PSU)B. Zhang (UNLV)
For more details about observations J. Racusin’s talk (broad-band) G. Beskin’s talk (TORTORA prompt optical) V. D’Elia’s talk (spectroscopy)
Papers on this GRB on astro-ph: J. Racusin et al., astro-ph/0805.1557, J. Bloom et al., astro-ph/0803.3215, S. Dado et al., astro-ph/0804.0621, V. D’Elia et al., astro-ph/0804.2141 P. Kumar & A. Panaitescu, astro-ph/0805.0144, Y. Yu et al., astro-ph/0806.2010
Outline Interpreting the prompt emission;Interpreting the very early afterglow;Modeling the broad-band afterglow;
Prompt Emission
• T90 ~ 57 s
• Epeak = 651 ± 15 keV
• Peak flux: 2.3 x 10-4 erg/cm2/s• Fluence: ~6x10-3 erg/cm2
• Eγ,iso ~ 1.3 x 1054 ergs (DL=1.88 x 1028 cm)
Konus-Wind T0+11.4s – T0+21.3s
Prompt Emission
See Guidorzi talk for details of correlation tests, and Beskin talk for TORTORA details
Prompt Emission
Prompt Emission
• Temporal coincidence and similar shape of prompt optical and γ-rays light curves indicate that they may originate from the same physical region
• Optical flux ~4 orders of magnitude above extrapolation of γ-rays requires that the optical andγ-rays must come from different emission components
Prompt EmissionConstraining the possible models:
the extremely bright prompt optical emission must be emitted at a large radius (optical thin region, ~1016 cm), compared with typical internal shocks radii (1013-14 cm)
For afterglow theory, cf. B. Zhang’s review talk
Prompt EmissionModels• Synchrotron for optical and Syn. Self-Compton (SSC) for MeV
gamma-rays (Racusin et al. 2008; Kumar & Panaitescu 2008);• Optical from the forward shock and MeV gamma-rays from the
reverse shock within the synchrotron internal shocks model (Yu’s talk);
• Neutron-rich model (Fan, Wei, Zhang 2008)• Residual internal shock model (Zhuo Li’s talk)• External reverse shock propagating into a stratified-density-
profile GRB ejecta?
Prompt EmissionConstraining the prompt optical emission radius
Black body (Rayleigh-Jeans limit) assumption specific intensity: flux density:
: a constant ~1, tobs ~ variability time tv (internal shocks model) : (1010K – 1012K), comoving electron temperature
Prompt EmissionConstraining the prompt optical emission radius
tv~3 s (assuming), flux density ~ 25 Jansky
Г~103
R~ 1016 cm a shorter variability time will result in larger Г and R
Prompt EmissionSyn.+ SSC Internal Shocks Model
Predictions
Esyn~20 eVESSC
1st ~650 keVESSC
2st ~25 GeVE
E2
N(E
)
Klein-Nishina cut-off Y ~ 10
Y ~ 10
Y2 ~100
obs., Y = ratio of E2N(E) between the Ist SSC and the syn. emission components.
theo., Y = (magnetic energy fraction / electron energy fraction)1/3 (Kobayashi et al. 2007)
Optical depth due to IBL >1 for >30 GeV photons from z~1 GRB
Prompt EmissionSyn.+ SSC Internal Shocks Model
Predictions
Esyn~20 eVESSC
1st ~650 keVESSC
2st ~25 GeVE
E2
N(E
)
Klein-Nishina cut-off Y ~ 10
Y ~ 10
Y2 ~100
magnetic energy ~ 10-3 electron energyGRB ejecta unmagnetized
Optical depth due to IBL >1 for >30 GeV photons from z~1 GRB
Prompt EmissionSyn.+ SSC Internal Shocks Model
Predictions
Esyn~20 eVESSC
1st ~650 keVESSC
2st ~25 GeVE
E2
N(E
)
Klein-Nishina cut-off Y ~ 10
Y ~ 10
Y2 ~100
Optical depth due to IBL >1 for >30 GeV photons from z~1 GRB
2rd SSC photons ( ~ 20 GeV)peak flux: 2.3x10-4 erg/cm2/s (1.5x10-1 MeV/cm2/s), peak photon flux: ~10-5 photons/cm2/s, total fluence of ~6x10-3 erg/cm2.
GLAST/LAT sensitivities @ 20GeV :1.3x10-6 MeV/cm2/s, 3x10-10 photons/cm2/s, 2x10-5 erg/cm2.
This model could be easy to be tested by GLAST
Total energy released in gamma-rays is ~ a few 1055 erg(see also Kumar & Panaitescu08)
Afterglow
Optical light curve is normalized to UVOT v-bandX-ray and γ-ray arbitrarily scaled
Very Early Afterglow
high latitude emission
Very Early Afterglow
external reverse shock at the crossing time
t0
t1
t2
t1
t2
schematic for high latitude emission (cooling frequency < typical syn. frequency)
R
Very Early Afterglow
external reverse shock at the crossing time
t0
t1
t2
t1
t2
schematic for high latitude emission (cooling frequency < typical syn. frequency)
R
(Zou et al. 2005; Wu et al. 2003)
A relatively low Eiso (~1053 erg) and a relatively large B (~0.1) are required
AfterglowEvidence for a stellar wind environment: XRT LC
wind model:
Afterglow Evidence for a stellar wind environment: UVOT LC
wind model:
AfterglowX-ray Light Curve
Jet break without sideways expansion:
Afterglow ModelsTwo-Component Jet
Afterglow ModelsTwo-Component Jet
Afterglow ModelsTwo-Component Jet
Analytical Constrainments for Model Parameters
Narrow Jet:
Wide Jet:
Afterglow
Tail of Prompt Emission WJRS
WJFS
NJFS
WJFS
Afterglow ModelsNumerical Calculation of the LC
Generic Hydrodynamic Model for Relativistic Shocks(Huang, Dai, Gou, & Lu 2000)
Synchrotron Self-Absorption;Synchrotron Self-Compton;Adiabatic hydrodynamics (=0);No sideways expansion (Cs=0);
Summary
• Prompt emission mechanisms are still in debate, but will be solve in the GLAST era;
• Afterglow has been modeled well in the two-component jet model