Module 4 Grammar

Present perfect tense

海林林业局第一中学 王传玲

Passenger A: I have already shown my tickets.

(The conductor left.)

Passenger B: I showed my ticket just now, but now I can’t find it.

(Passenger B had to buy another ticket.)

Why ?

I have lost my dictionary.

I’ve been to Beijng twice.

I have studied English for 3 years.

I had my lunch and now I am full.

I lost my dictionary and I don’t have it now .So it leaves me a deep impression.(ever, never twice,many times)

I have already had my lunch.

1. 动作发生在过去对现在的影响或结果。2. 过去积累到现在的经验或经历。

3. 过去的动作和状态一直延续到现在。

1). ---________ the plane_______?(arrive) --- Yes. --- When ______ it _________? --- Half an hour ago.2)--- Would you like to have lunch here? --- No. Thanks. I ________ lunch already. I ____

it in the school canteen. (have)have had

had

一般过去时和现在完成时1. 一般过去时表示具体的过去发生的动作，和现在时间无关 , 纯属过去。

现在完成时强调过去发生的动作或事件对现在的影响和联系。

Has arrived

did arrive

I __________ English for four years.(study)

I _________ English for four years when I was at college.(study)

have studied

studied

I began to study it 4 years ago. And it lasts

until now.

2. 一般过去时和时间段连用，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间，与现在无关。

现在完成时与时间段连用，表从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今。

Maybe I am not studying it now.

3. 一般过去时常和表示过去某时刻的时间状语连用，且这个时间与现在相隔离。

现在完成时所带的时间状语包含说话时在内或与说话时非常接近。

3) --- When ______you_______? (come) --- I _______the day before yesterday.4) I _________300 words this year.(learn) 5) He _____ the book 3 years ago. (write)6) They ____________ many high-rise buildin

gs in the last 10 years. (put up)

wrotehave put up

did come

came

have learned

build buy come get live see stay visit

Complete these sentences. Use either the past simple tense or the present perfect tense.

1.They ____________ many high-rise buildings in the city.2.The traffic in the city _______ much worse recently.3.When the tourists ______ in the summer, they ______in the city centre.4.Xiamen is one of the most attractive cities John __________.5.Xiao Li _________ in Xiamen all his life.6.John ____________ (not) any presents yet but he _________a shopping mall, where they will go tomorrow.

have built

has gotcame

stayed

has visitedhas lived

hasn’t boughthas seen

Revision: Past tense time expressions: yesterday, last night, (week, month, year…) a few days ago, five years ago, …

ago, in 1974, in the 1920s the other day, in the past

Look at these sentences using the present perfect tense. Look at the phrases in bold.

1. It’s been very successful, so far.

2. Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said.

3. We’ve had very good weather this winter, till now.

Can you give me more sentences with the Present Perfect Tense?

so far

Up to now

nowtill

today

Present perfect tense time expressions

this week

this month

ever , never

So far

all one’s life

these days

in the last ten years

these years

recently ,just ，lately

till now

already, yet ， before

in (during) the past three years

up to now

ever since

包含说话时在内与说话时非常接近

用动词完成对话，在必要的地方填 for 或 since.Mike: Hi, Kate.Kate: Hi, Mike.Mike: I ____________ (not see ) your brother ____ a long time. ______ he _______ (move) to a new neighbourhood?Kate: No, he _____ ______ (move ) to a new country! He ______ _______ (be) in Australia _______ last year.Mike: Australia! That’s a great country. ______ you ever _______ (be ) there?Kate: No, I ______ never _______ (be ) there, but I ______ ________ (decide ) to go later this year.Mike: Great! ______ your brother ________ (send ) you any photos ________ he moved there?Kate: Yes, in fact, I _______ just ________ (receive ) some. Here they are. This is his new house. He _______ recently ________ (finish ) decorating it.

haven’t seenHas moved

has movedhas been since

Havebeen

have been havedecided

Has sentsince

have received

hasfinished

for

for + 段时间 for three years

since + 点时间 / 句子 since 1990 / three years ago

since I came here.

Conclusion:

1 根据中文意思，选择合适的英文句子 1 他参加这个俱乐部已两年了。 A. He has joined the club for two years. B. He has been a number of the club for two years. C. He joined the club for two years. 2 我去过海南两次。 A. I have been to Hainan twice. B. I went to Hainan twice. C. I have gone to Hainan twice.

3 他们是好朋友已有三年了。 A. They have made friends for three years. B. They made friends for three years. C. They have been good friends for three years.

4 Lucy 来这儿五天了。 A. Lucy has come here for five days. B. Lucy has been here for five days. C. Lucy has arrived here for five days.

5 他买电脑已有一年了。 A. He bought his computer for a year. B. He has bought his computer for a year. C. He has had his computer for a year.

Put the verbs into two groups.

A.Verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time.

B.Verbs to describe events that happen at a particular point in time.

borrow buy give leave open put send die

know livestay

remain

Can you give me more verbs to describe events that happen at a particular point in time "?

come, fall asleep, join, go, arrive, marry, begin, start, get, end, borrow, buy, give, leave, open, put, send, die, fall ill...

在肯定句中，这些非延续性的动词的现在完成时不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

在肯定句中，这些非延续性的动词的现在完成时不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

die---

join--- borrow---

buy--- end---

start---

go/leave/move---

be dead

be in keep

have be over

be away/ off

be on

come(arrive) here ---

go (get) out---

return/ come(go)back ---

fall asleep/go to sleep---

get married---

become a member---

be asleepbe married

be here

be a member

be back

be out

他结婚已经三年了。

He got married three years ago.

He has been married for three years.

It is/ has been three years since he got married.

Look at some sentences and tell whether they are True or False.

1.I have read the reference book but I don't understand it. ( )

2.I have bought the pen for three years. ( )

3.I can't find my glasses. Have you seen it? ( ) 4.The boy has fallen ill for two days. ( ) 5.His father has died for ten years. ( ) 6.The film has been on for half an hour. ( )

F

FF

T

T

T

had

been dead

been

This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.

This is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to .

What sentence patterns can be used in the Present Perfect Tense?

1. 这是我所吃到的最美味的食物。（ delicious ）

2. 这是我第五次去武汉。 (time ）

3. 我今早见到了 Bill, 但自此以后再没见到他。 (ever since)

4. 在过去的十年里中国发生了巨大的变化。（ take place ）

Translation:

Great changes have taken place in China in the past ten years.

This is the fifth time that I have been to Wuhan.

I saw Bill this morning,but I haven't seen him ever since.

This is the most delicious food that I have ever eaten.

Complete each sentence with one of the verbs below. Use the present perfect tense.

borrow know leave live send

1.—How long you him? —I him since September.

2.He some money from me. I hope he pays me back next week.

3.The family in this town for twenty years.

4. you them the information they need?

5.Why he ? Do you have any ideas?

have knownhave known

has borrowed

has lived

Have sent

has left

Complete the following sentences.

1. — You look like good friends. — Yes,we are. We ___________(know) each other since childhood.2.So far this year we _________(see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.(08 福建 )3.They _________(be) friends for about ten years.4.This is the first time we _________(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.(09 陕西 )5.Sally __________ (not see) a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre.(09 上海 )6.Up to now,we____________(receive) no news from her.

have known

have seen

have beenhave seen

hasn’t seen

have received

7. It is the most interesting lecture that I ___________(attend) since I came to this school.(11年湖南卷）

8.-----I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on Sept.20.

-----Sorry, I ________myself clear. We want to return on Oct.20.(10 年北京卷）

A. hadn’t made B. wouldn’t make

C. don’t make D. haven’t made

have attended

9.----I didn’t ask for the name list. Why _____on my desk?

-----I put it there just now in case you needed it. (11 年安徽卷）

A. does it land B. has it landed

C. will it land D. had it landed

Thank you

Bye!