8/14/2019 M i lin h gia hp ng mua bn hng ho v hp ng mua bn ti sn

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1. Mi lin h gia hp ng mua bn hng ho v hp ng muabn ti sn:

Lut Thng mi c Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Namkho XI, k hp th 7 thng qua ngy 14/6/2005. Lut ny thay th Lut Thngmi ngy 10/5/1997 v c hiu lc thi hnh t ngy 1/1/2006 nh du mt

bc pht trin mi ca php lut thng mi ni chung v php lut v mua bnhng ho ni ring.

Quan h mua bn hng ho c xc lp v thc hin thng qua hnh thcphp l l hp ng mua bn hng ho (HMBHH). HMBHH c bn cht chungca hp ng, l s tho thun nhm xc lp, thay i hoc chm dt cc quyn vngha v trong quan h mua bn. D Lut Thng mi 2005 khng a ra nhngha v HMBHH song c th cc nh bn cht php l ca HMBHH trongthng mi trn c s iu 428 ca B lut Dn s v hp ng mua bn ti sn

(HMBTS). Do , HMBHH trong thng mi l mt dng c th caHMBTS, d vn mang nhng nt c th ring v ch th, i tng, hnhthc, tho thun v vic MBHH hin ti hoc MBHH s c mt thi imno trong tng lai u c th l mt HMB. Quan h HMBHH s hnhthnh bt c khi no nu mt ch th mua hng ho bng tin hoc phng thcthanh ton khc v nhn quyn s hu hng ho.

2. Phn bit hp ng mua bn hng ho v hp ng mua bn tisn:

Th nht, v i tng. HMBHH trong thng mi c i tng l hngho. Tuy nhin khng th hiu theo ngha thng thng, hng ho l sn phm laong ca con ngi, c to ra nhm mc ch tho mn nhu cu ca con ngihay ch bao gmmy mc, thit b, nguyn liu, nhin liu, vt liu, hng tiudng, cc ng sn khc c lu thng trn th trng, nh dng kinh doanhi hnh thc cho thu, mua, bn (khon 3 iu 5 Lut Thng Mi 1997). Lut

Thng mi 2005 quy nh :Hng ho bao gm :a) Tt c cc loi ng sn, k c ng sn hnh thnh trong tng lai;b) Nhng vt gn lin vi t ai.

Nh vy, hng ho trong thng mi l i tng mua bn c th l hng ho hinang tn ti hoc s c trong tng lai, hng ho c th l ng sn hoc bt ngsn c php lu thng thng mi v phi loi tr mt s hng ho c bit chus iu chnh ring nh c phiu, tri phiu

8/14/2019 M i lin h gia hp ng mua bn hng ho v hp ng mua bn ti sn

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Cn i tng ca HMBTS rng hn l cc loi ti sn quy nh trongiu 162 B lut Dn s 2005 : vt, tin, giy t c gi v cc quyn ti sn c

php giao dch.Th hai, v ch th. ch th trong HMBHH ch yu l thng nhn. Khi

nim v thng nhn c cp n trong khon 1 iu 6 Lut Thng mi bao

gm : t chc kinh t c thnh lp hp php, c nhn hot ng thng mi mtcch c lp, thng xuyn v c ng k kinh doanh. Thng nhn l ch th caHMBHH c th l thng nhn Vit Nam hoc thng nhn nc ngoi (trongHMBHH quc t). Ngoi ch th l thng nhn, cc t chc, c nhn khng

phi l thng nhn cng c th tr thnh ch th ca HMBHH. Hot ng cach th khng phi l thng nhn v khng nhm mc ch li nhun trong quanh HMBHH ch phi tun theo Lut Thng ma khi ch th ny la chn pdng Lut Thng mi.

Trong khi , ch th tham gia HMBTS c th l mi t chc, c nhn y nng lc, c nhu cu mua bn ti sn, c s m rng hn rt nhiu so vi chth trong HMBHH.

Th ba, v mc ch. HMBHH trong thng mi ch yu l kinhdoanh thu li nhun cho cc thng nhn. Ch phn no phc v mc ch tiudng v cc mc ch khc cho c thng nhn v nhng ch th khng phithng nhn tu theo mong mun v nhu cu ca h trong tng thi im.

HMBTS li khng nht thit l c mc ch kinh doanh m c th nhm

nhiu mc ch khc nhau nh : tiu dng, tng, cho, lm t thin hoc n gin lv s thchS khc nhau ny l do yu t ch th quyt nh. V ch th ch yuca HMBHH l thng nhn, m ni n thng nhn th kh c th khngnhc n li nhun, hot ng chnh ca h l kinh doanh v thu li nhin, khngc li nhun h khng th tn ti lu di d vn u t c ln i na.

Th t, v hnh thc. Ta hu nh khng thy s khc bit no khi so snhiu 401 v hnh thc hp ng dn s ca B lut Dn s 2005 vi iu 24 vhnh thc HMBHH ca Lut Thng mi 2005. Chng u c th xc lp bng

li ni, vn bn hoc hnh vi c th. Tuy nhin, trong thc t kinh doanh chng tathy rng, i tng l hng ho thng mang s lng nhiu, gi tr ln v m bo li ch, trnh xy ra tranh chp khng ng c th hnh thc hp ng

bng vn bn hay c u tin do nhng u im vn c ca n (minh bch, rrng, c th d dng a ra lm bng chng khi c tranh chp).

Th nm, v ni dung. Ni dung ca HMBHH l cc iu khon do ccbn tho thun, th hin quyn v ngha v ca cc bn trong quan h hp ng, l

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s pht trin tip tc nhng quy nh ca dn lut truyn thng v HMBTS. Crt nhu s tip tc to nn s khc bit nh :

Kh c th tm thy iu lut c th trong B lut Dn s v ngha v bom quyn s hu tr tu ca HMBTS, nhng trong Lut Thng mi c cp trong iu 46 nh sau:

1. Bn bn khng c bn hng ho vi phm quyn s hu tr tu. Bnbn phi chu trch nhim trong trng hp c tranh chp lin quan n quyn shu tr tu vi hng ho bn.

2. Trng hp bn mua yu cu bn bn phi tun theo bn v k thut, thitk, cng thc hoc nhng s liu chi tit do bn mua cung cp th bn mua phichu trch nhim v cc khiu ni lin quan n nhng vi phm quyn s hu trtu pht sinh t vic bn bn tun th nhng yu cu ca bn mua.

im c bit hn, gi khng phi l ni dung bt buc HMBHH c

hiu lc. Bi ngay c khi khng c s tho thun v gi hng ho, khng c ston thun v phng php xc nh gi v cng khng c bt k ch dn no khcv gi th gi ca hng ho c xc nh theo gi ca loi hng ho trong cciu kin tng t v phng thc giao hng, thi im mua bn hng ho, thtrng a l, phng thc thanh ton v cc iu kin khc c nh hng n gi(iu 52 Lut Thng mi 2005). Trong HMBTS thng mang tnh cht nh, lth vic ton thun v gi mang ngha rt ln. trnh xy ra tranh chp cc chth, c bit l cc thng nhn phi rt ch im khc bit ny trong kinh

doanh.

3. ngha vic phn bit hp ng mua bn hng ha v hp ngmua bn ti sn:

i vi Lut Thng mi 2005, B lut Dn s 200 lun lun l b lut gc,vic xc nh i tng iu chnh ring i khi khng dng cht no. Vic phn

bit HMBHH trong thng mi v HMBTS l iu ht sc cn thit cho ccnh lm lut v ngha c bit quan trng trong vic chn lut p dng ca tng

trng hp c th.

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Ti liu tham kho

1. B lut Dn s nm 2005.2. Lut Thng mi 2005.3. Gio trnh lut thng mi (tp 2), trng i hc Lut H Ni, Nguyn

Vit T (ch bin), Nxb. CAND, H Ni, 2006.4. Gio trnh lut thng mi (tp 2), Bi Ngc Cng (ch bin), NXB. Gio

dc, 2008.5. Php lut v hp ng trong thng mi v u t - nhng vn php l c

bn, Nguyn Th Dung (ch bin), Nxb. CTQG, H Ni, 2008.

6. V mt s ti liu khc.

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