moving images chapter 8. the first moving image leland stanford made a bet that all 4 of a horse’s...

Moving Images

Chapter 8

The First Moving Image

• Leland Stanford made a bet that all 4 of a horse’s hooves come off the ground as it runs

• Muybridge set up a line of cameras on a horse track

• Each camera was triggered by a string as the horse ran by

• Muybridge later found a way to quickly project the images to create a movie

• There are also experiments by Edison in moving images

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Eadweard Muybridge. The Horse in Motion. 1878.

Film and Visual Expression

• All films create 3 types of motion– Movement of the objects in the shot– Movement of the camera– Movement created by the sequence of

shots

• Time and sequence are important parts of filmmaking

Creating a New Language of Vision

• Film began as though they were theatrical performances– Sound was not added until 30 years after film began to

be made

• D.W. Griffith started to move the camera and edit the film– Griffith created the phenomena of parallel editing-

showing what’s happening in two places at one time.– Griffith’s camera operator accidentally closed the shutter

too slow once, creating the fade to black– Griffith was also the first to include both close up and

long shots


D. W. Griffith. Intolerance (The Modern Story). 1916.

Creating a New Language of Vision

• Eisenstecein– The first to produce epic films of high

quality– Created the use of montage-stitching

together many short brief shots to create new relationships, build emotion, and show passage of time


Sergei Eisenstein. The Battleship Potemkin. From Odessa Steps sequence, selected frame 1. 1925.


Salvador Dalí and Luis Buñuel. An Andalusian Dog. 1929.

Creating a New Language in Vision

• By the 1930’s, Hollywood was the Mecca for film

• The motion picture production code censored the content of films– It remained in effect until 1968

Citizen Kane

• Considered by many as the best movie ever made

• Used a wide array of cinematic devices:– Dramatic lighting– Distorted lenses – Dialog that extends past a scene– Innovative camera angles– Clever editing


Orson Welles. Citizen Kane. 1941.

Fantasia

• A feature length animation accompanied by classical music

• Each frame was painted individually– There are 24 frames per second– It’s a 2 hour film

• The paintings are then photographed to create the movie


Walt Disney. Fantasia. 1940.

La Dolce Vita

• By Federico Fellini• The Protagonist is the main character

– Marcello is the protagonist and he explores the lifestyles of the rich and famous

• A secondary character is a photographer nicknamed Paparazzo after the pop of the camera flash– The word paparazzi stems from this


Federico Fellini. La Dolce Vita. 1961.

Scorpio Rising

• By: Kenneth Anger

• A documentary about a Brooklyn motorcycle gang

• He was one of the first to use a soundtrack of modern pop music


Kenneth Anger. Scorpio Rising. 1964.

Avatar

• Special effects are becoming very important in movie making and have proven to be lucrative to the movie studios

• Avatar uses the recent developments in motion capture where an actor’s movements are scanned and digitized and then can be used in animation


James Cameron. Avatar. Film still. 2009.

Television

• Literally means vision from afar

• Television is the transmission of still or moving images with sound via a cable or wireless broadcast

Video Art

• Video made the process of filmmaking extremely portable and accessible

Digital Art Forms

• Computers are the new up and coming art medium

• Art made with computers ranges from film, video, finished artworks, brainstorming, storyboarding…

• Camilla Benolirao took a fashion photo and slowly manipulated it until it finished with a image of destruction


Camilla Benolirao Griggers. Alienations of the Mother Tongue. 1996.5 minutes.


Natalie Bookchin. Still from Location Secured. 2007. 12 minutes.Cao Fei. RMB City. 2007–2009.

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