mpprjek/; fedi kb~; Øe l alÑre~Ñr%a ,"k% ikb;Øe% u doy jkpd% vfir hkork thouki;kxh p hkor bfr...

mPpr j ek/; fedi kB~; Øe

l aLÑr e~309

3

j k"Vªh; eqDr fo| ky; h f’ k{kk l aLFkku, &24&25] ’ kS{kf.kd {ks=k] l sDVj &62, uks, Mk&201301 ¼mÙkj i zns’ k½

leUo;di{kr%

fiz; fo|kfFkZu~!

Hkorka losZ"kka laLÑra izfr vuqjkxa n"̀V~ok vLekfHk% ofj"Bek/;fedLrjs laLÑrikB~;ØeL; fodkl%Ñr%A ,"k% ikB~;Øe% u dsoya jkspd% vfirq Hkorka thouksi;ksxh p Hkosr~ bfr n"̀V~;k fofo/kk%dk;ZØek% xfrfo/k;'p v= ;ksftrk%A ewy:is.k v= =hf.k iqLrdkfu Hkfo";fUr] izfriqLrda i|ikBk%iwo± nÙkk%] rRi'pkr~ x|ikBk%] rnuUrja ukV~;ka'kk% p ladfyrk%A izfriqLrde~ vuqPNsnys[kua] i=ys[kualaoknys[kua p ys[kudkS'kyfodklk; lekfgrkfuA O;kdj.kL; vH;kl% izk;ksfxd% ,oA ;=&;=O;kdj.kfcUnwuka Li"Vhdj.kL; vko';drk vklhr~ r= r= l% vH;kl% nÙk%A ;ksX;rkfoLrkjs ys[kdifjp;%]xzUFkifjp;Lrq orZrs ,o ijUrq Hkk"kkfodklkFk± :ik.kka e/;s fy³õ&foHkfDr&opukuqlkja ;= ;=ifjorZua Hkofr] rL; mifj lw{enf̀"Vikr% Hkosr~A LFkkus&LFkkus lfU/kPNsnk%] leLrinkuka foxzgk% vfinÙkk%A i|ikBs"kq vUo;k% HkkOkkFkkZ% vFkZL; Li"Vhdj.kk; lekfgrk%A

O;k[;kÑrs lEisz"k.kkRed'kSY;ka iz'uksÙkjek/;esu Hkkofodkl% dkfjr%A iz'ukuka le{ke~ mÙkjkf.k nÙkkfu;su iz'uksÙkjys[kus Hkorka lE;d~ vH;kl% Hkosr~ iz'ufuekZ.ks vfi p lkjY;a Hkosr~A

iBu&vH;kls rkor~ lkFkZdrk ukfLr ;kor~ vifBrka'kku~ ifBRok vocks/kus {kerk;k% fodkl% u Hkosr~vu;k n"̀V~;k LFkkus&LFkkus vifBrka'kk% vfi ;ksftrk%A v=kfi Hksn};a orZrs x|ka'k&vocks/kue~]i|ka'k&vocks/kue~ pA ikBkuke~ vUrs egÙoiw.kkZ f=fo/kk lkexzh ;ksX;rkfoLrkjs nÙkkA r= ^d* Hkkxsys[kdifjp;% ^[k* Hkkxs xzUFkifjp;% ^x* Hkkxs O;kdj.kfcUnwuka lS)kfUrdi{kk.kka Li"Vhdj.ka r=nÙke~A Hkorka KkukFk± rs"kke~ v/;;ue~ vko';de~A ,rr~ rq dsfUnzdikB~;Øefo"k;s ,o mäa ijUrq ,rsudk;ZØes.k lg oSdfYidikB~;Øe};efi vfLr r;ks% ,d ,o Lohdj.kh;%A rsu Hkorka ifjp;%laLÑR;k lg Hkfo";fr vfi p thous fu;qfäÑrs mi;ksfxrkn"̀V~;k iz;kstuewyda i=efi vfLrA r;ks%e/;s dsoyesdL; ,o p;ua dj.kh;e~A dkfufpr~ dk;kZf.k okf"kZdijh{kkÑrs u lfUr ijUrq rkfulE;d~d{kklq jrS% f'k{kdS% fujhf{krkfu Hkfo";fUrA rs"kka dksfVewY;e~ vfi Hkorke~ vadrkfydk;kaiznf'kZra Hkfo";fr ;Fkk ifj;kstukdk;Ze~ bR;knhfuA

mPpkj.k'kq)rk;S JO;eqfnzdk% vfi 'kh?kzeso fuekZL;Urs ;su HkoUr% Lox̀gs mifo'; ,o lLoja x|i|ikBku~okpf;rqa 'käk% Hkos;q%A Jelk/;a [kyq fo|ktZue~A fo|ktZus dnkfi lUrks"k% u dÙkZO;%A vf/kdkf/kdaifBrqa Kkrqa p iz;Ru% dj.kh;%A ,rr~ izFkea iqLrde~A v= pRokj% ikBk% i|L;] iqu% pRokj% p x|L;]ikB};a ukVdL;] vfUre ikB};a ys[kukH;klkFk± orZrsA fujUrja Lok/;k;a ÑRok LoKkua o/kZ;rA ;fnikB~;Øes dq=fpr~ dkfBU;e~ vuqHkwra L;kr~ rfgZ lEidZd{kklq f'k{kdk.kka lkfUu/;su voxUrO;e~AHkorka lt̀ukRedizLrkokuka loZnSo Lokxra Hkfo";frA vusdkfHk% 'kqHkkdka{kkfHk% lg Hkorka lEeqUufradke;sA

v/;{ki{kr%

fiz;fo|kfFkZu~!

laLÑre~ vLekda ns'kL; xkSjoe~ vfLrA vLekda ns'kL; izfr"Bk laLÑreso vkfJrkA vLekda KkuafoKkua izkphuree~ orZrs ;r~ izkphulaLÑrlkfgR;s lÄïfyre~A _Xosn% fo'oL; laLÑrkS izkphure%xzUFk%A ;fn o;a Lodh;laLÑR;k ,o ifjfprk% u Hkoke rfgZ lalkjs lEekuiwoZda LFkkrqa u ikj;ke%A

vr ,o }kn'kd{kk;k% ikB~;Øes laLÑrfo"k;L; la;kstua Ñre~A ;s tuk% dsoya laLÑrKkusuvkReu% fodkla drqZfePNfUr rs·fi vusu ikB~;Øes.k uwua ykHkkfUork% Hkfo";fUrA

HkoUr% tkufUr ,o bnkuhefi laLÑrHkk"kk;ka izk;% lIrfr% i=if=dk% izdk';UrsA izfrfnuesolkfgR;jpuklfjr~ vf/kdkf/kdosxsu izogfrA Hkoku~ vfi ,RkL;ka Lo;ksxnkua drq± l{ke% Hkosr~bR;k'k;su ,"k% ikB~;Øe% fo'ks"k:is.k vk/kqfudlUnHksZ fofo/kkuke~ mi;ksfxrkuka n"̀V~;k fufeZr%A

;s p fo}kal% fonq";'p vL; ikB~;ØeL; fuekZ.kkFk± ikB~;lkexzhfodklkFkZe~ vkReu% ;ksxnkuaÑroUr% rsH;% losZH;% jk"Vªh;eqäfo|ky;hf'k{kklaLFkkui{kr% lk/kqokna Kki;kfeA ,"k% ikB~;Øe%izFkeokjeso izdkf'kr%A vr% ;fn Hkorka eufl fdefi vU;r~ Kkrqe~ bPNk Hkosr~ rfgZ vo';esolaLFkkua izfr LoizfrfØ;ka izs"kf;Rok vfLeu~ {ks=s Lo;ksxnkua dqoZUrqA o;a Hkkjrh;k% bfr xkSjoL;fo"k;% vfLrA Hkorka thoue~ vf/kdkf/kda lqxfU/kre~ mTToya lektdY;k.kdkjda ykHkizna pHkfo";fr bfr vk'kkLegsA

HkkjrL; iqu% HkkX;ksn;kFk± losZH;% eRi{kr% vusdk% 'kqHkdkeuk% vusdkfu vfHkuUnukfu pA

v/;{k%

jk"Vªh; eqäfo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkkue~

funs'kdi{kr%

fiz;fo|kfFkZu~!

jk"Vªh;eqäfo|ky;hf'k{kklaLFkkua izfro"k± Hkorka losZ"kka fgre~ vko';drka pkuqHkw; izLrkfors"kq ikB~;Øes"kqof̀)a drq± rRij% HkofrA bnkuha ;kor~ n'ked{kki;ZUra rq laLÑrikB~;Øe% fufeZr% vklhr~ ijUrq}kn'kd{kk;k% Ñrs laLÑrHkk"kk;k% ikB~;ØeL; vHkko% vklhr~A ,rka U;wurka nwjhdrZqe~ bnkuhalaLFkkui{kr% laLÑrHkk"kk;k% uohu% vk/kqfudlUnHkkZuqdwy% ikB~;Øe% fodkflr%A vL; ikB~;ØeL;vUrxZra iqLrd};e~ vfuok;Z:is.k iBuh;e~A ikBk% #fpiw.kkZ% Hkos;q% lelkef;dKkusu foKkusu pla;qäk%] Hkkjrh;laLÑrs% lE;d~ izfrikndk% pkfjf=dfodkls lgk;dk%] thous vkRexkSjoHkkouk;k%fodkldk% p Hkos;q% bfr fcUnqa eufl fu/kk; fyf[krk% lEikfnrk'p lfUrA

rr̀h;s iqLrds }kS ikB~;ØekS fufeZrkS Lr% ;;ks% e/;s HkoUr% Lo#P;uqlkja dL;fpnsdL; p;ua ÑRokifBrqa 'kDuqofUrA }kS ikB~;ØekS Lr%& 1- laLÑra pSo laLÑfr% 2- iz;kstuewyda laLÑre~AizFkeoSdfYidi=a Hkkjrh;laLÑR;k% ifjp;a iznk; Hkorka Kkus of̀)a dfj";frA vijkp i=e~ vk/kqfud;qxs i=if=dk.kka izdk'kukFkZ±] lEiknukFk± fo'ys"k.kkFk± fofHkUus"kq visf{kri{ks"kq Hkorka dkS'kyfodkladfj";frA

dkfi Hkk"kk fdefi lkfgR;a ok ;kor~ thousu lg lEc)a u Hkofr] rFkk i=dkfjrk;k% {ks=s dkS'kyaizkI; mi;ksfxrka y{;hÑR; vxsz u ljfr rkor~ rL; izxfr% u lktk;rsA HkoUr% ,o ,rL;k%HkkxhjF;k% izokgo/kZdk% lg;ksxiznk;dk Hkkfojk"VªfuekZrkj'pA vr% HkoUr% laLÑrL; laLÑrs'pKkusu vkRekua lao)̀a ÑRok ns'kL; vxznwrk% Hkkjrekrq% lR;k% lsodk% Hkos;q% bR;so es gkfnZdheuksdkeukA

vL; ikB~;ØeL; fuekZ.ks ;s ;s fo}kal% fonq";'p vkReu% vewY;a lg;ksxa iznÙkoUr% rsH;% vgalaLFkkui{kr% gkfnZdha ÑrKrka Kki;kfeA

HkoUr% vfi /kU;k% ;s"kka gLrs ,"k% ikB~;Øe% Loy{;iwrZ;s xfe";frA vfLeu~ ikB~;Øes ;fn Hkofö%fdefi la'kks/kua lao/kZua ifjorZua ok vis{;rs rfgZ rs"kka losZ"kka izLrkokuke= Lokxra Hkfo";frA vr%fuLladkspa HkoUr% Lo lEefra izs"k;UrqA eRi{kr% ;q"ekda mTToyHkfo";k; vusdk% 'kqHkdkeuk%A

funs'kd%

jk"Vªh; eqäfo|ky;h f'k{kk laLFkkue~

l ykgdkj l fefr

i zks- egs’ k panz i ar i zks0 ds0 vkj 0 panz’ ks[ kj u Mk0 l qf"er k fe=kkv/; {k] v/; {k] funs’ kdj k0 eq0 fo0 f’ k0 l aLFkku j k0 eq0 fo0 f’ k0 l aLFkku v/; {k] j k0 eq0 fo0 f’ k0 l aLFkkuuks; Mk uks; Mk uks; Mk

i kB~; Øe fuekZ.k l fefr

i zks0 okpLi fr mi k/; k; i zks0 ekf.kd xksfoan pr qosZnhdqyi fr % l sokfuo‘Ùk i zksQsl jyky cgknqj ’ kkL=kh l aLÑr fo| ki hB] j k"Vªh; ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku , oa i zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ubZ fnYyh ubZ fnYyh

Jher h ’ kf’ ki zHkk xks; y ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ Mk0 l qj s’ k i arj hMj ] j kT; ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku , oa i zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ l sokfuo‘Ùk] ofj "B i zk/; ki dubZ fnYyh j kt dh; mPPr j ek/; fed fo| ky;

ubZ fnYyh

Mk0 pew Ñ".k ’ kkL=kh Jh j kt ho dqekj feJl aLÑr Hkkj r h] ofj "B f’ k{kdubZ fnYyh dsUnzh; fo| ky ; l a0&2

fnYyh Nkouh

Mk0 l qn’ kZu dkSf’ kd ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ Mk0 ’ kqHkadj feJj hMj ] nkSyr j ke dkWyst ] l gk; d vuql a/kku vf/kdkj hfnYyh fo’ ofo| ky; dsanzh; fganh funs’ kky;fnYyh ubZ fnYyh&110054

l a; ksft dkMk0 j puk HkkfV; kl gk; d funs’ kd

j k"Vªh; eqDr fo| ky; h f’ k{kk l aLFkkuuks; Mk

i kB~; l kexzh fuekZ.k l fefri qLr d & I

l ai knd eaMy

Jher h ’ kf’ ki zHkk xks; y Mk0 /kekZ Mk0 HkkLdj kuan i kaMs;¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½j hMj ] j kT; ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku j hMj ] y{ehckbZ egkfo| ky; ] mi &i z/kkukpk; Z] j kt dh; l oksZn;, oa i zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ fnYyh fo’ ofo| ky; ] l gf’ k{kk fo| ky;ubZ fnYyh fnYyh ubZ fnYyh

i kB ys[ kd

Mk0 Jh/kj ofl "B Jher h ’ kf’ ki zHkk xks; y Jher h l ar ks"k dksgyh¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½i woZ dqy i fr ] Jh yky cgknqj ’ kkL=kh j hMj ] j kT; ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku mi &i zkpk; kZ] j kt dh; ofj "Bj k"Vªh; l aLÑr fo| ki hB , oa i zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ ek/; fed fo| ky;ubZ fnYyh ubZ fnYyh fnYyh

Mk0 HkkLdj kuan i kaMs; ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ Jh j kt ho dqekj feJ Mk0 mek di wj ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½mi &i z/kkukpk; Z] ofj "B i zoä k f’ kf{kdk] j kt dh; mPpr j ek/; fedl oksZn; l gf’ k{kk fo| ky; dsUnzh; fo| ky ; l a0&2 ckfydk fo| ky;ubZ fnYyh fnYyh Nkouh ubZ fnYyh

Mk0 j kt s’ oj feJ Jh j kt sUnz dqekj i kaMs; Mk0 i znhi t Sul gk; d] ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku , oa bafnj ki qj e~] xkft ; kckn f’ k{kd] ekWMuZ Ldwyi zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ ¼m0 i z0½ ubZ fnYyhubZ fnYyh

j s[ kk fp=kkadu

Jh vr qy o/kZu Jh egs’ k ’ kekZLor a=k fp=kdkj j k"Vªh; eqä fo| ky; h f’ k{kk l aLFkku

yst j Vkbi l SfVax& xzkfQd , .M MkVk fl LVe~l ] csj l j k; ] ubZ fnYyh

i kB~; l kexzh fuekZ.k l fefri qLr d & II

l ai knd eaMy


i kB ys[ kd

Mk0 Jh/kj ofl "B Jher h ’ kf’ ki zHkk xks; y Jher h l ar ks"k dksgyh¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½i woZ dqy i fr ] Jh yky cgknqj ’ kkL=kh j hMj ] j kT; ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku mi &i zkpk; kZ] j kt dh; ofj "Bj k"Vªh; l aLÑr fo| ki hB , oa i zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ ek/; fed fo| ky;ubZ fnYyh ubZ fnYyh fnYyh

Mk0 HkkLdj kuan i kaMs; ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ Mk0 l qj s’ k i ar ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ Mk0 mek di wj ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½mi &i z/kkukpk; Z] ofj "B i zk/; ki d f’ kf{kdk] j kt dh; mPpr j ek/; fedl oksZn; l gf’ k{kk fo| ky; j kt dh; mPpr j ek/; fed ckfydk fo| ky;ubZ fnYyh fo| ky; ] ubZ fnYyh ubZ fnYyh

Mk0 ’ kadj yky ’ kkL=khfuns’ kd] j kt LFkku l aLÑr vuql a/kku l aLFkku’ kkgi qj kt ; i qj

j s[ kk fp=kkadu


Laser Typesetting by Graphic & Data Systems, Ber Sarai, New Delhi

i kB~; l kexzh fuekZ.k l fefri qLr d & III

l ai knd eaMy


i kB ys[ kd

Mk0 Jh/kj ofl "B Jher h ’ kf’ ki zHkk xks; y Mk0 /kekZ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½i woZ dqy i fr ] Jh yky cgknqj ’ kkL=kh j hMj ] j kT; ’ kSf{kd vuql a/kku j hMj ] y{ehckbZ egkfo| ky; ]j k"Vªh; l aLÑr fo| ki hB , oa i zf’ k{k.k i fj "kn~ fnYyh fo’ ofo| ky; ]ubZ fnYyh ubZ fnYyh fnYyh

Mk0 HkkLdj kuan i kaMs; ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½ Mk0 panzHkw"k.k >k Mk0 uksnukFk feJ ¼l sokfuo‘Ùk½mi &i zkpk; Z] l oksZn; l gf’ k{kk oj f"B i zoä ] l saV LVhQsUl dkyst i zkpk; Z]fo| ky; fnYyh fo’ ofo| ky; dsanzh; fo| ky ;ubZ fnYyh fnYyh fnYyh

Mk0 n; k’ kadj fr okj hi zoä k] j kt /kkuh dkWystfnYyh fo’ ofo| ky;fnYyh

j s[ kk fp=kkadu


Laser Typesetting by Graphic & Data Systems, Ber Sarai, New Delhi

laLÑre~mPPkrjek/;fedLrj%izFkea Lok/;k;lksikue~

ØekaÄï fo"k;lwph Lok/;k;lksikue~ i`"B la[;k

1- thou-lans'k% iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 1

2- ;fn tkukfl rn~ on iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 21

3- vkjksX;a ijea lq[ke~ iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 38

4- okpka e.Mua lR;e~ iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 57

5- vfryksHk% u drZO;% iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 81

6- jktrs [kyq dU;kdqekjh iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 99

7- ,rn~ mikL;e~ iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 116

8- ijkFksZ vkReksRlxZ% iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 134

9- dkys Qyfr lkSHkkX;e~ iBue~ ¼ukVde~½ 154

10- irfUr ijihMdk% iBue~ ¼ukVde~½ 176

11- vuqPNsnys[kue~ iBue~ ¼ys[kue~½ 297

12- laoknys[kue~ iBue~ ¼ys[kue~½ 213

1

2

3

1- thou-lans'k%

2- ;fn tkukfl rn~ on

3- vkjksX;a ijea lq[ke~

4- okpka e.Mua lR;e~

5- vfryksHk% u drZO;%

6- jktrs [kyq dU;kdqekjh

7- ,rn~ mikL;e~

8- ijkFksZ vkReksRlxZ%

9- dkys Qyfr lkSHkkX;e~

10- irfUr ijihMdk%

11- vuqPNsnys[kue~

12- laoknys[kue~~

13- o"kZrqZo.kZue~

14- vèrL; iUFkk%

15- fgeky;ks uke uxkf/kjkt%

16- ekuks fg egrka /kue~

17- dYiukdhfrZ% foZt;rs

18- i;kZoj.kL; laj{k.ke~

19- Øks/kks·uFkZdkjd%

20- vuUr% Kkulkxj%

21- 'kY;fpfdRlktud%&lqJqr%

22- d"Va U;klL; j{k.ke~

23- ân; ifjorZue~

24- i=a fy[kke%

25- ifj;kstuk&fuekZ.ke~

fodYi% ̂d*

26- lelkef;da laLÑrlkfgR;e~

27- Hkkjrh; KkufoKkuijEijk

28- laLÑre~ vU;k% Hkkjrh;k% Hkk"kk% p

29- Hkkjrh;laLÑrkS laLdkjk%

fodYi% ̂[k*

26- laLÑrL; iz;kstuewydrk

27- tul×pkjek/;e%28- laLÑri=dkfjrk

29- if=dk%izk:ie~

30- eqnz.k=qfV'kks/kue~

1

2

3

1- thou-lans'k%






7- ,rn~ mikL;e~



10- irfUr ijihMdk%

11- vuqPNsnys[kue~

12- laoknys[kue~~

13- o"kZrqZo.kZue~

14- vèrL; iUFkk%






20- vuUr% Kkulkxj%



23- ân; ifjorZue~

24- i=a fy[kke%

25- i f j ; kst u k&fuekZ.ke~

fodYi ̂d*


27- Hkkjrh; KkufoKkuijEijk

28- laLÑre~ vU;k% Hkkjrh;k% Hkk"kk% p

29- Hkkjrh;laLÑrkS laLdkjk%

fodYi ̂[k*

26- laLÑrL; iz;kstuewydrk

27- tul×pkjek/;e%28- laLÑri=dkfjrk

29- if=dk%izk:ie~


1

2

3

1- thou-lans'k%






7- ,rn~ mikL;e~



10- irfUr ijihMdk%

11- vuqPNsnys[kue~

12- laoknys[kue~~

13- o"kZrqZo.kZue~

14- vèrL; iUFkk%






20- vuUr% Kkulkxj%



23- ân; ifjorZue~

24- i=a fy[kke%

25- i f j ; kst u k&fuekZ.ke~

fodYi ̂d*


27- Hkkjrh; Kku&foKku ijEijk

28-

29- laLÑra laLÑfr'p Hkkjrh;laLdkjk%

fodYi ̂[k*

26- iz;kstuewyda laLÑre~ {ks=s%

27- tul×pkjek/;e%28- laLÑri=dkfjrk29- laLÑrL; fofo/k :ie~



l aLÑr e~

2



l aLÑr e~

3


laLÑre~mPPkrjek/;fedLrj%f}rh; Lok/;k;lksikue

ØekaÄï fo"k;lwph Lok/;k;lksikue~ i`"B la[;k

13- o"kZrqZo.kZue~ iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 1

14- ver̀L; iUFkk% iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 24

15- fgeky;ks uke uxkf/kjkt% iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 46

16- ekuks fg egrka /kue~ iBue~ ¼i|e~½ 70

17- dYiukdhfrZ% foZt;rs iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 100

18- i;kZoj.kL; laj{k.ke~ iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 120

19- Øks/kks·uFkZdkjd% iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 141

20- vuUr% Kkulkxj% iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 160

21- 'kY;fpfdRlktud%&lqJqr% iBue~ ¼x|e~½ 180

22- d"Va U;klL; j{k.ke~ iBue~ ¼ukVde~½ 198

23- ân; ifjorZue~ iBue~ ¼ukVde~½ 220

24- i=a fy[kke% ys[kue~ 244

25- ifj;kstuk&fuekZ.ke~ ys[kue~ 259

laLÑre~mPPkrjek/;fedLrj%

iqLrde~ III

ØekaÄï fo"k;lwph i`"B la[;k

fodYi ̂d*

26- lelkef;da laLÑrlkfgR;e~ 1

27- Hkkjrh; Kku&foKku ijEijk 11

28-

29- laLÑra laLÑfr'p Hkkjrh;laLdkjk%

fodYi ̂[k*

26- iz;kstuewyda laLÑre~ {ks=s% 1

27- tul×pkjek/;e% 11

28- laLÑri=dkfjrk 24

29- laLÑrL; fofo/k :ie~ 33

30- eqnz.k=qfV'kks/kue~ 45

1l aLÑr e~

t hou&l ans' k% i zFkea Lokè; k; l ksi kue~i Bue~&l a: i e~( i | e~)

fVIi . kh

1

thou-lans'k%

ekuo% izkf.k"kq Js"B%A ekuos"kq vfi rs ,o /kU;k% ;s lnkpkjs.k thoua ;ki;fUrA lr~ vkpkj% vFkok lrke~ vkpkj% ,o lnkpkj% HkofrA lnkpj.kL; ikyuk;fo'ks"k% O;ogkj% visf{kr% HkofrA lnkpkjL; fu;ek% ,o ^uhfr%* bfr ukEuk Kk;UrsAuhfriwoZde~ vkpj.ksu vLekda thoua lq[ke;a HkofrA ekuoL; thous xq.kkuka egÙoe~vfLrA vLekda Hkkstua 'kq)a Hkosr~A 'kq)Hkkstusu eu% 'kq)a Hkofr] Øks/kL; Hkkouk'kkE;frA o;e~ lqe/kqjka ok.kha onse] vfrFks% vknja dq;kZe] 'kkL=k.kke~ v/;;ua dq;kZe]lUrks"ka /kkj;se] /kua izfr yqC/kk% HkwRok ikia u vkpjse bR;so vLekda osnkfnxzUFkkuke~mins'k%A

mís';kfu

bea ikBa ifBRok Hkoku~ ikBxri|kuka lLoja inPNsniwoZda p ikBa drq± leFkZ% Hkfo";fr( uhfri|kuke~ vUo;a HkkokFk± p ysf[krqa 'kDr% Hkfo";fRk( ikBs iz;qDrkuka lwähuka ys[kua drq± {ke% Hkfo";fr( ikBs iznÙkHkkokuka lekukUrji|kuka p;ua drq± 'k{;fr( lfU/kla;ksx;ks% e/;s foHksna drq± leFkZ% Hkfo";fr( ikBs fo'ks"k.kkfu vofpR; fo'ks";inS% lg ;kstua drq± leFkZ% Hkfo";fr( vdkjkUr&iqfYy³õ&uiqaldfy³õ'kCnkuka :is"kq Hksna drq± leFkZ% Hkfo";fr( ikBkUrxZr'kCnkuka i;kZ;inkfu foykseinkfu p ys[kus leFkZ% Hkfo";fRk( nh?kZlfU/kinkuka p;ua dfj";frA

l aLÑr e~

i zFkea Lokè; k; l ksi kue~i Bue~&l a: i e~

( i | e~)

t hou&l ans' k%

fVIi . kh

2

fØ;kdyki%

v/k% dkfufpr~ okD;kfu fyf[krkfu lfUrA rkfu iznÙkfp=k.kke~ v/k% fy[krA

¼d½ vga le;su fo|ky;a xPNkfeA

¼[k½ jk=kS Lok/;k;a djksfeA

¼x½ izkr% mRFkk; firjkS iz.kekfeA

¼?k½ lk;adkys vf'kf{krku~ ikB;kfeA

¼³½ vga izkr% iapoknus mfÙk"BkfeA

1-1 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

1-2 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

1-3 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

1-4 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

1-5 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

3l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

1-1 ewy ikB%

thou&lUns'k%

izFkea rkon~] beku~ 'yksdku~ /;kusu iBke%A

iwftra á'kua fuR;a cyewt± p ;PNfrA

viwftra rq rn~HkqDreqHk;a uk'k;sfnne~AA1AA

vØks/ksu t;sr~ Øks/kelk/kqa lk/kquk t;sr~A

t;sr~ dn;± nkusu t;sr~ lR;su pkur̀e~AA2AA

r.̀kkfu Hkwfe#nda okd~ prqFkhZ p lwur̀kA

,rkU;fi lrka xsgs uksfPN|Urs dnkpuAA3AA

lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuka ;r~ lq[ka 'kkUrpsrlke~A

dqrLrn~/kuyqC/kkukfer'psr'p /kkorke~AA4AA

v/kek /kufePNfUr /kuekua p e/;ek%A

mÙkek% ekufePNfUr ekuks fg egrka /kue~AA5AA

;% Lok/;k;e/khrs·Cna fof/kuk fu;r% 'kqfp%A

rL; fuR;a {kjR;srr~ i;ks nf/k ?k̀ra e/kqAA6AA

;L; ok³~eulh 'kq)s lE;XxqIrs p loZnkA

l oS loZeokIuksfr osnkUrksixra Qye~AA7AA

1-2 cks/kiz'uk%1- Hkork ewyikB% ifBr%A lEizfr mnkgj.ke~ vk/k̀R; ^d* LrEHkL; okD;ka'kku~ ^[k*

LrEHkL; okD;ak'kS% lg js[k;k ;kst;rA

LrEHk% ^d* LrEHk% ^[k*

mnk0 ¼d½ r.̀kkfu Hkwfe#nda ¼1½ cyewt± p ;PNfrA

¼[k½ iwftra á'kua fuR;e~ ¼2½ okd~ prqFkhZ p lwur̀kA

¼x½ ,rkU;fi lrka xsgs ¼3½ fof/kuk fu;r% 'kqfp%A

'kCnkFkkZ%iwftra ¾ lEekfur] vknjiwoZdxzg.k fd;k x;k] v'kua ¾ HkkstufuR;a ¾ lnk] cye~ ¾ rkdrÅtZe~ ¾ 'kfDr dks] ÅtkZ dksdn;± ¾ datwl dks] vur̀e~ ¾>wB] r.̀kkfu ¾ fruds ¼frudksa¼dq'kk½ vkfn ls cuk vklu½]Hkwfe% ¾ LFkku] vkJ;] mnda ¾ty] lwur̀k okd~ ¾ ehBh vkSjlPph ok.kh] lrke~ ¾ lTtuksads] u mfPN|Urs ¾ lekIr ughagksrs] lUrks"kkèrr̀Irkuka ¾ lUrks"k:ih ver̀ ls rÌr gq, yksxksadk] 'kkUrpsrlke~ ¾ 'kkUr fpÙkokyksa dk] /kuyqC/kkuka ¾ /kuyksfHk;ksa dk] br% p br% p/kkorke~ ¾ b/kj m/kj nkSM+usokykas dk] egrka ¾ egku~ yksxksadk] Lok/;k;e~ ¾ ln~xzUFkksa dkv/;;u] 'kqfp% ¾ ifo= gksdj]v/khrs ¾ i

l aLÑr e~


( i | e~)

t hou&l ans' k%

fVIi . kh

4

¼?k½ viwftra rq rn~ HkqDre~ ¼4½ uksfPN|Urs dnkpuA

¼³½ ;% Lok/;k;e/khrs·c~na ¼5½ mHk;a uk'k;sfnne~A

2- v/k% iznÙks"kq izR;sda in};su ;qDra mi;qäa ina ikBkr~ fpRok rRle{ka fy[krA

¼d½ Hkwfe% $ mnde~ ¾ -------------------------- ¼[k½ u $ mfPN|Urs ¾ ----------------------

¼x½ fg $ v'kue~ ¾ ------------------------------- ¼?k½ p $ vur̀e~ ¾ -----------------------------

¼M-½ eku% $ fg ¾ ----------------------------------- ¼p½ i;% $ nf/k ¾ -------------------------------

3- fjäLFkkukfu iwj;r&

¼d½ ,rkU;fi ---------------------------- xsgs uksfPN|Urs dnkpuA

¼[k½ v/kek% /kufePNfUr --------------------------- p e/;ek%A

¼x½ ;L; ok³~eulh --------------------------------- lE;XxqIrs p loZnkA

¼?k½ iwftra á'kua fuR;a -------------- Åt± p ;PNfrA

1-3 v/kquk voxPNke%

izFke% va'k%

'yksd%& 1

izFkea 'yksda iqu% iBke%A v;a 'yksd% ^euqLèfr%* bfr xzUFkkr~ mn~/k̀r%A

inPNsn% iwftre~ fg v'kue~ fuR;e~ cye~ ÅtZe~ p ;PNfrA viwftre~ rq rn~Hkqäe~ mHk;e~ uk'k;sr~ bne~A

vUo;% iwftre~ fg v'kue~ fuR;e~ cye~ ÅtZe~ p ;PNfrArr~ viwftre~ HkqDre~ rq bne~ mHk;e~ uk'k;sr~A

O;k[;k

dhn'̀ka Hkkstua fgra Hkosr~\ vfLeu~ i|s iBke%A

iwftra º;'kua fuR;a cyewt± p ;PNfrA

fuR;a iwftre~ v'kua fda ;PNfr\ cye~ Åt± p ;PNfrA

dFke~ ;PNfr\ ;fn o;e~ vknjs.k] izlUueulk :{ka 'kq"de~ vfi Hkkstue~ Hk{k;se rn~Hkkstue~ vLeH;a 'kfDra ;PNfr fdUrq ;fn vuknjs.k Lokfn"Va Hkkstue~ vfi Hk{k;sern~ Hkkstua oF̀kk ,o tk;rsA

iwftra á'kua fuR;acyewt± p ;PNfrA

viwftra rq rn~HkqDreqHk;auk'k;sfnne~AA1AA

5l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

viwftre~ v'kua fda dq;kZr~\ viwftre~ v'kua cye~ Åt± p uk'k;sr~A vusu Hkkstusu'kjhjs fodkjk% tk;UrsA

Hkkstue~

vkgkj'kq)kS lÙola'kqf)%

¼vkgkj dh 'kqf) gksus ij gh eu ifo= gksrk gS½

HkkokFkZ%

lEekusu Hkf{kra #{ka jlghue~ vfi vUua LQwfr± 'kfDra p ;PNfr fdUrq vuknjs.k[kkfnra Hkkstua 'kjhjL; cya oh;± p uk'k;frA

O;kdj.kfcUno%

v= HkoUr% la;ksx% dq=\ lfU/k% p dq=\ bfr Kk;rke~

º;'kue~ ¾ fg $ v'kue~ ¼lfU/k%½

rn~HkqDreqHk;e~ ¾ rr~ $ HkqDre~ ¼lfU/k%½

HkqDre~ $ mHk;e~ ¼la;ksx%½

cyewtZe~ ¾ cye~ $ ÅtZe~ ¼la;ksx%½

uk'k;sfnne~ ¾ uk'k;sr~ $ bne~ ¼lfU/k%½

¼la;ksxs o.kkZ% vU;o.kSZ% lg la;qT;Urs r= d'pu fodkj% u Hkofr vlkS o.kZla;ksx%bfr dF;rsA fdUrq ;fn iwoZinL; vfUreo.kZ% mÙkjinL; iwoZo.ksZu lg feyfr r=fdafpr~ ifjorZua p Hkofr] rnk rr~ ^lfU/k%* bfr dF;rsA½

'kkCncks/k%

foijhrkFkZd% 'kCn%

iwftre~ viwftre~

v'kue~ vu'kue~

HkqDre~ vHkqDre~

;PNfr uk'k;fr

'yksd%& 2

bnkuhe~ ,o euquk fojfpre~ f}rh;a 'yksde~ voxPNke%&

inPNsn% vØks/ksu t;sr~ Øks/ke~ vlk/kqe~ lk/kquk t;sr~A t;sr~ dn;Ze~ nkusu] t;sr~lR;su p vur̀e~A

vUo;% Øks/ke~ vØks/ksu t;sr~] vlk/kqe~ lk/kquk t;sr~]

dn;Ze~ nkusu t;sr~] vur̀e~ p lR;su t;sr~A

vØks/ksu t;sr~ Øks/kelk/kqalk/kquk t;sr~A

t;sr~ dn;± nkusu t;sr~ lR;su pku`re~AA2AA

l aLÑr e~


( i | e~)

t hou&l ans' k%

fVIi . kh

6

O;k[;k

Øks/ke~ vØks/ksu t;sr~

Øks/ka dFka t;sr~\ vØks/ksu Øks/ka t;sr~A lkSE;su] ln~O;ogkjs.k Øks/ka t;sr~A ;fndf'pr~ Hkors Øks/ka n'kZ;fr rLeS Øks/k% u drZO;%A 'kkUrO;ogkjs.k rL; Øks/k%'kef;rO;%A

dn;± nkusu t;sr~

dn;± dFka t;sr~\ dn;± vFkkZr~ dì.ka nkusu t;sr~A dì.k% tu% lalkjs dsoya laxzgadjksfr] u rq fdafpr~ dLeSfpr~ nnkfrA v;a rq thous udkjkRed% Hkko%A v;e~ Hkko%vfi 'k=q% ekuokuke~A dì.krkHkkoa nkua nÙok nwjhdq;kZr~A

vu`ra lR;su t;sr~ p

vur̀a dsu t;sr~\ vur̀a lR;su t;sr~A lR;e~ ,o fuR;e~] lR;L; ,o lnk t;%HkofrA vr,o dF;rs ^lR;eso t;rs ukur̀e~*A

lR;L; fo"k;s egkHkkjrs dfFkre~& ^ukfLr lR;kr~ ija nkua] ukfLr lR;kr~ ija ri%A*rSfÙkjh;&mifu"kfn vfi dfFkre~& ^lR;kUu izefnrO;e~A*

HkkokFkZ%

dksia 'kkUrHkkou;k] nq"Va ln~Hkkou;k] Ñi.ka nkusu] vlR;a p lR;su t;sr~ bR;souhfr%A

O;kdj.kfcUno%

HkoUr% v= ds"kkapu inkuka ifjp;e~ cks/kUrqA

vØks/ksu ¾ u Øks/k% vØks/k%] rsu vØks/ksu] u ~́ rRiq#"klekl%

lk/kquk ¾ lk/kq 'kCn% rr̀h;kfoHkfDr%] ,dopue~

t;sr~ ¾ ft $ fof/kfy³~ $ izFkeiq#"k%] ,dopue~

pkur̀e~ ¾ p $ vur̀e~] v $ vk ¾ vk ¼nh?kZlfU/k%½

'yksd%& 3

bnkuha r`rh;a 'yksda iBke% tkuhe% p lrka ik'osZ fda Hkofr\

inPNsn% r.̀kkfu Hkwfe% mnde~ okd~ prqFkhZ p lwur̀kA ,rkfu vfi lrke~ xsgs umfPN|UrsA

vUo;% r.̀kkfu Hkwfe% mnde~ prqFkhZ p lur̀k okd~ ,rkfu ¼pRokfj½ vfi lrke~ xsgsdnkpu u mfPN|UrsA

r`.kkfu Hkwfe#ndaokd~ prqFkhZ p lwu`rkA

,rkU;fi lrka xsgs uksfPN|Urs dnkpuAA3AA

7l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

r`.kkfu Hkwfe% mnda uksfPN|Urs dnkpu

lrka xsgs dfr oLrwfu u mfPN|Urs\ ¼lekIrkfu HkofUr½ pRokfj oLrwfuA

dkfu&dkfu rkfu\ r.̀kkfu] Hkwfe%] mnde~] e/kqje~ okd~ pA

dkfu r.̀kkfu\ r.̀kkfu vFkkZr~ dq'kfufeZre~ vklue++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++~A lTtuk% vknjs.k dq'k&vkluanÙok vfrFkhuka lEekua dqoZfUrA

iqu% fde~\ Hkwfe%A vfrFkhuka dr̀s lTtukuka x̀gs dnkfi LFkkuL; vkJ;L; ok vHkko%u HkofrA

iqu% fde~\ mnde~A tyeso thoue~A lTtuk% tya nÙok vH;kxrkuka fiiklka'kef;Rok rs"kke~ vknja dqoZfUrA

prqFkhZ fde~\ lwur̀k okd~A fiz;a lR;a p opue~A lTtuk% vfrFkhuke~ ekua izsE.kkmfnRok ¼izseoplk½ dqoZfUrA

HkkokFkZ%

lrka xsgs"kq /kua Hkosr~ u ok Hkosr~ fdUrq rs"kka xsgs"kq vkluL;] LFkkuL;] tyL;]e/kqjokp% p dnkfi vHkko% u HkofrA Hkkjrh;&laLdr̀kS ^vfrfFknsoks Hko* bfr eU;rsAvr% lTtuS% vfrfFk% nsorkor~ iwtuh;% HkofrA

O;kdj.kfcUno%

v= inkuka ifjp;% nÙk% orZrs] o;e~ cks/kke%A

r.̀kkfu ¾ r.̀k 'kCn% uiaq0] izFkek fo0] cgqopue~

okd~ ¾ okd~ 'kCn% L=hfyax izFkek fo0] ,dopue

lrke~ ¾ lr~ 'kCn% "k"Bh fo0] cgqopue~

xsgs"kq ¾ xsg 'kCn% lIreh fo0] cgqopue~

,rkfu ¾ ,rr~ 'kCn% uiqa0 izFkek fo0] cgqopue~

uksfPN|Urs ¾ u $ mfPN|Urs ¼v $ m ¾ vks½ ¼xq.klfU/k%½

dnkpu ¾ vO;;ine~

lfU/k%

o.kkZuka ijLijesyusu ;s fodkjk% HkofUr rs lfU/k% bfr mP;UrsA lfU/kdj.kk;izFke'kCnL; vfUre% o.kZ% f}rh;'kCnL; izFkesu o.ksZu lg esY;rsA vr% };ks% o.kZ;ks%;ksx% ,o lfU/k%A

l aLÑr e~


( i | e~)

t hou&l ans' k%

fVIi . kh

8

lU/khuka =;% Hksnk%&

1- LojlfU/k% p $ vur̀e~ ¾ pkur̀e~

2- O;atulfU/k% izlhnsr~ $ p ¾ izlhnsPp

3- folxZlfU/k% Hkwfe% $ mnde~ ¾ Hkwfe#nde~

LojlU/ks% Hksnk%

1- nh?kZlfU/k% 2- xq.klfU/k% 3- of̀)lfU/k% 4- ;.k~lfU/k% 5- v;kfnlfU/k%

v= o;a nh?kZlfU/kfo"k;s iBke%

¼i½ nh?kZlfU/k% & vd% lo.ksZ nh?kZ% ¼iii½ m@ Å $ m @ Å ¾ Å

v@vk $ v @ vk ¾ vk fo".kq $ mn;% ¾ fo".kwn; %

p $ vur̀e~ ¾ pkur̀e~ e/kq $ mfeZ% ¾ e/kwfeZ%

foosd $ vkuUn% ¾ foosdkuUn %

¼ii½ b@bZ $ bZ @ bZ ¾ bZ ¼iv½ _@_ $ _ @ _ ¾ _¤

jtuh $ bZ'k% ¾ jtuh'k%A gksr ̀$ _dkj ¾ gksr¤dkj%

gfj $ bPNk ¾ gjhPNk fir¤ $ _.ke~ ¾ fir¤.ke~

'kkCncks/k%

foijhrkFkZd'kCnk%

lqùrk vur̀k

lrke~ nqtZukuke~

i;kZ;okfpu% 'kCnk%

Hkwfe% ¾ iF̀oh

okd~ ¾ ok.kh

xsgs ¾ x̀gs

lrke~ ¾ lTtukuke~

lkj%

vknjHkko ls [kk;k x;k Hkkstu 'kfDro/kZd gksrk gSA Øks/k dks 'kkUrHkko ls] nq"V dksln~Hkko ls] datwl dks nku ls rFkk vlR; dks lR; ls thruk pkfg,A lTtuksa ds

9l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

?kjksa eas vfrfFk&lRdkj ds fy, dq'kk dk vklu] vkJ; nsus ds fy, Hkwfe] fiykus dsfy, ty rFkk lEeku nsus ds fy, fiz; vkSj lPph ok.kh dh deh ugha gksrhA

ikBxriz'uk% 1-11- ,dinsu mÙkjr

¼d½ Øks/ka dsu t;sr~\ --------------------------------------------------------

¼[k½ vlk/kqa dsu t;sr~\ --------------------------------------------------------

¼x½ iwftre~ v'kua fde~ ;PNfr\ --------------------------------------------------------

¼?k½ dhn'̀ke~ v'kua cye~ Åt± p uk'k;fr\ --------------------------------------------------------

2- ikBkr~ fpRok v/kksfyf[krkuka 'kCnkuka i;kZ;okfpinkfu nh;Urke~&

¼d½ lTtukuke~ --------------------------------------- ¼?k½ Hkkstue~ ---------------------------------------------

¼[k½ lekI;Urs --------------------------------------------- ¼³½ dì.ke~ ---------------------------------------------

¼x½ ok.kh --------------------------------------------- ¼Pk½ dksie~ -------------------------------------------------

3- fjDrLFkkus"kq fØ;kinkfu ;kst;r&

¼d½ v'kua fuR;a -----------------------------------------A

¼[k½ iwftre~ v'kua cyewt± p ----------------------------------------------A

¼x½ viwftre~ v'kue~ mHk;a ------------------------------------------A

¼?k½ vØks/ksu Øks/ka -------------------------------------------A

¼³½ ,rkfu lrka xsgs u ---------------------------------------A

f}rh;% va'k%

'yksd%& 4

v/kquka prqFk± 'yksda iBke%A

lekts o;a i';ke% ;r~ tuk% lnSo /kua izkIrqe~ bPNfUrA fdUrq okLrfoda lq[ka 'kkfUrap /kusu u izkI;rsA lUrks"ke~ ,o ijea lq[ke~ HkofrA

inPNsn% lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuke~ ;r~ lq[ke~ 'kkUrpsrlke~ dqr% in/kuyqC/kkuke~ br% pbr% p /kkorke~A

vUo;% lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuke~ 'kkUrpsrlke~ ;r~ lq[ke~ ¼Hkofr½

rr~ ¼lq[ka½ br% p br% p /kkorke~ /kulqC/kkuka dqr%\

lUrks"kke`rr`Irkuka ;r~ lq[ka 'kkUrpsrlke~A

dqrLrn~/kuyqC/kkukfer'psr'p /kkorke~AA4AA

l aLÑr e~


( i | e~)

t hou&l ans' k%

fVIi . kh

10

O;k[;k&

lUrks"kke`rr`Irkuka ;r~ lq[ka 'kkUrpsrlke~A

lq[ka d% izkIuksfr\ l% ,o lq[ka izkIuksfr ;L; fpÙka 'kkUre~ Hkofr] ;% p lUrks"k:fi.kkvèrsu rÌr% HkofrA bPNkuka dnkfi vUr% u HkofrA papysu eulk tu% lnk v'kkUr%HkofrA vr% lUrks"k% ,o euq";L; ijea fu/kkue~ dfFkre~A

dqrLrn~ /kuyqC/kkuke~ br'p br'p /kkorke~A

lq[ka d% u yHkrs\ /kuyqC/k br% rr% /kkou~ tu% lq[ka u yHkrsA /kus lq[ka ukfLr lq[karq lUrks"kh tu% ,o izkIuksfrA

dfFkre~ ,o ^^lUrks"k ,o iq#"kL; ijefu/kkue~A** ^^larks"k% ijea lq[ke~A**

HkkokFkZ%

lUrks"k:fi.kk vèrsu ;s rÌrk% rs ,o lq[ka izkIuqofUrA br% br% /kkorka /kuyqC/kkuka Ñrsrq lq[ka ukfLrA

O;kdj.kfcUno%

v= o;a lfU/k;qDrinkuka leLrinkuka p cks/ka dqeZ%A

lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuke~ ¾ lUrks"k $ vèrrÌrkuke~ ¼v $ v ¾ vk & nh?kZlfU/k%½

dqrLrn~/kuyqC/kkuke~ ¾ dqr% $ rr~ $ /kuyqC/kkuke~] folxZlfU/k%] O;atulfU/k%

br'psr'p ¾ br% $ p $ br% $ p] folxZlfU/k%] xq.klfU/k%] folxZlfU/k%

/kuyqC/kkuke~ ¾ /kusu yqC/kkuke~ ¼rr̀h;k rRiq#"k%½

'kkUrpsrlke~ ¾ 'kkUra psr% ;s"kka rs 'kkUrpsrl%( rs"kke~ ¼cgqozhfg%½

lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuke~ ¾ lUrks"k% ,o vère~] rsu rÌrk% ;s] rs"kke~ ¼cgqozhfg%½

;r~ ¾ ;r~ 'kCn% uiqaldfyaxa] izFkek foHkfDr% ,dopue~

'yksd%& 5

HkoUr% fda tkufUr ;r~ /ku ekua ok ds bPNfUr\ ,rnFk± iapea 'yksda iBke%A

inPNsn% v/kek% /kue~ bPNfUr] /kuekue~ p e/;ek%A mÙkek% ekue~ bPNfUr eku% fgegrke~ /kue~A

vUo;% v/kek% /kue~ bPNfUr] e/;ek% /kue~ ekue~ pbPNfUr] mÙkek% ekue~ bPNfUrA egrke~ eku% fg /kue~ ¼Hkofr½

v/kek /kufePNfUr/kuekua p e/;ek%A

mÙkek% ekufePNfUrekuks fg egrka /kue~AA5AA

11l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

O;k[;k

v/kek% /kufePNfUr /kuekua p e/;ek%A

ds /kue~ bPNfUr\ v/kek%A

dFke~\ v/kek% ;su dsu izdkjs.k dsoya /kua okkNfUrA rs"kka ers thouewY;kuka fdefiegÙoa u orZrsA rs rq dsoya /kue~ bPNfUrA

e/;ek% fde~ okkNfUr\ e/;ek% /kua p ekua p mHks okkNfUrA rs /kua rq okkNfUrfdUrq mfprsu izdkjs.k ifjJEks.k ,oA

mÙkek% ekufePNfUr ekuks fg egrka /kue~A

egrke~ /kua fde~\ egrka /kua rq dsoya lEeku% HkofrA /kua rq u'oja HkofrA /kue~vkxPNfr xPNfr p fdUrq thouewY;kfu] ln~xq.kk%] ln~Hkkouk% p 'kk'ork% xq.kk%lfUrA mÙkek% tuk% rq dsoya ekua okkNfUrA

HkkokFkZ%

v/kek% dsoya /kue~ bPNfUr] e/;ek% /kua ekua p mHks okkNfUr fdUrq mÙketukuka dr̀srq ekue~ ,o /kue~ orZrsA vr% rs"kka dr̀s ekue~ ,o vewY;a /kue~ vfLrA

O;kdj.kfcUno%

Hkofö% v= folxZlU/ks% mnkgj.ke~] inifjp;% p Kk;rke~

ekuks fg ¾ eku% $ fg ¼folxZlfU/k%½] v= folxZLFkkus ^m* Hkofr% rr% ^vks* xq.k%

egrke~ ¾ egr~ 'kCn% "k"Bh foHkfDr% cgqopue~

bPNfUr ¾ ^b"k~* /kkrq% $ yV~ ydkj% iz- iq- cgqopue~

'yksd%& 6

v/kquk "k"Ba 'yksda iqu% iBke% cks/kke% p Lok/;k;% dFka drZO;A

inPNsn%& ;% Lok/;k;kr~ v/khrs vCne~ fof/kuk fu;r% 'kqfp%A rL; fuR;e~ {kjfr,"k% i;% nf/k?k̀re~ e/kqA

vUo;%& ;% fu;r% 'kqfp% fof/kuk vCne~ Lok/;k;e~ v/khrs rL; ,o dr̀s ,"k%Lok/;k;% fuR;e~ i;%] nf/k ?k̀re~] e/kq ¼p½ {kjfrA

O;k[;k&

Hkor% fopkjs Lok/;k;a dFka dq;kZr~\ Lok/;k;a ifo=a HkwRok fu;eiwoZde~ o"kZi;ZUre~fLFkj% HkwRok dq;kZr~A

v= ,"k% dLeS iz;qä%\ ,"k% bfr ina Lok/;k; bfr dr̀s iz;qäe~A

rLeS fda fda {kjfr\ ;% Lok/;k;a djksfr rLeS Lok/;k;% nqX/ka nf/k] ?k̀ra e/kq p lnk{kjfr vFkkZr~ nnkfrA rL; x̀gs LokLF;o/kZdkuka inkFkkZuke~ dnkfi vHkko% u tk;rsA

;% Lok/;k;e/khrs·Cnafof/kuk fu;r% 'kqfp%A

rL; fuR;a {kjR;s"ki;ks nf/k ?k`ra e/kqAA6AA

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fVIi . kh

12

Lok/;k;fo"k;s vU;= vfi of.kZre~1- fo|;k LQh;rs Kkua Kkukr~ rÙofun'kZue~

n"̀VrÙoks fouhrkRek lokZFkZL; p Hkktue~A2- Lok/;k;kr~ ek izen%A ¼rSfÙkjh;&mifu"kn~½

HkkokFkZ%

;% fu;eiwoZda ifo=a HkwRok ln~xzUFkkuke~ v/;;ua djksfr rL; dr̀s LokLF;o/kZdkukainkFkkZuka lnk miyfC/k% tk;rsA

O;kdj.kfcUno%

v= o;a i|xrinkuka lfU/kfoPNsna dqeZ%

v/khrs·Cne~ ¾ v/khrs $ vCne~ , $ v ¾ ,· ¼iwoZ:ilfU/k%½

{kjR;s"k% ¾ {kjfr $ ,"k% b $ , ¾ ;~ $ , ¾ ;s ¼;.k~lfU/k%½

i;ks nf/k ¾ i;% $ nf/k ;% $ n ¾ ; $ m $ n ¾ ¼foltZuh;LFkkus mRoe~½

'kkCncks/k%

lekukFkZd'kCnk%

v/khrs ¾ iBfr

'kqfp% ¾ ifo=%

vCna ¾ o"kZe~

'yksd%& 7bnkuha okp% eul% p 'kq)rk;k% fo"k;s lIrea 'yksda iBke%A

inPNsn% ;L;ok³~eulh 'kq)s] lE;d~ xqIrs p loZnkA l oS loZe~ vokIuksfrosnkUrksixre~ Qye~A

vUo;%& ;L; ok³~eulh 'kq)s loZnk p lE;d~ xqIrs l oS loZe~ osnkUrksixre~ Qye~vokIuksfrA

;L; okM~-eulh 'kq)s lE;XxqIrs p loZnkA

ok³~eulh dFka Hkosrke~\ ok³~eulh 'kqn~/ks lE;d~ xqIrs p Hkosrke~A

ok³~eulh 'kqn~/ks bR;L; d% vfHkizk;%\ okd~ ri% rq loksZÙkea ri% dF;rsA tu% lnkfiz;a lR;a onsr~ ferHkk"kh p Hkosr~A rL; eu% p 'kq)a Hkosr~A

lE;d~ xqIrs bR;L; d% vfHkizk;%\ okd~ eu% p lqfu;fU=ra dq;kZr~A

'kq)ok³~euks;qDr% tu% fde~ vkIuksfr\ l% /keZ&vFkZ&dke&eks{k:ia lo± Qye~vkIuksfrA

;L; okM~-eulh 'kq)slE;XxqIrs p loZnkA

l oS loZeokIuksfr osnkUrksixra Qye~AA7AA

13l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

HkkokFkZ%

;L; okd~ eu% p 'kq)s fu;fU=rs p] l% osnkUr'kkL=s of.kZra Qye~ vkIuksfrA

O;kdj.kfcUno%

v= inkuka lfU/kPNsna }U}leklL;Sde~ mnkgj.ka p i';ke%A

ok³~eulh ¾ okd~ p eu% p ¾ ok³~eulh ¼}U}lekl%½lE;XxqIrs ¾ lE;d~ $ xqIrs d~ $ x~ ¾ Xx~ ¼O;atulfU/k%½

osnkUrksixre~ ¾ osn $ vUr $ mixre~ ¼nh?kZlfU/k%] xq.klfU/k%½

'kkCncks/k%

foijhrkFkZdk% 'kCnk%

'kq)e~ ¾ v'kq)e~

loZnk ¾ ;nk dnk

xqIre~ ¾ vxqIre~

vkIuksfr ¾ nnkfr

lkj%

lUrks"kh O;fDr lq[k ikrk gS /kuyksHkh ughaA fuEu Js.kh ds yksx dsoy /ku pkgrs gSa]e/;e /ku ,oa eku nksuksa dh dkeuk djrs gSa fdUrq egku~ yksxksa dk /ku rks eku ghgSA ln~xzUFkksa dk lrr v/;;u djus okyksa ds fy, rks lHkh LokLF; o/kZd inkFkZlgt gh miyC/k jgrs gSaA 'kq) eu vkSj ok.kh okys dks osnkUr'kkL= esa of.kZr Qyfeyrk gSA

ikBxriz'uk% 1-21- foijhrkFkkZu~ esy;r&

¼d½ fuR;e~ ¼i½ mÙkek%

¼[k½ v/kek% ¼ii½ ;PNfr

¼x½ rÌrkuke~ ¼iii½ lrke~

¼?k½ nq"Vkuke~ ¼iv½ ;nk&dnk

¼³½ vkIuksfr ¼v½ izdVs

¼p½ xqIrs ¼vi½ yqC/kkuke~

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14

2- fjDrLFkkus"kq deZinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok ;kst;r

¼d½ ;% ---------------------------------------------- v/khrsA

¼[k½ l% oS --------------------------------------------- vokIuksfrA

¼x½ lUrks"kkèrrÌrk% 'kkUrpsrl% ---------------------------------------- vkIuqofUrA

¼?k½ v/kek% ----------------------------------------------- bPNfUrA

¼³½ mÙkek% ----------------------------------- bPNfUrA

¼p½ okpk eulk p 'kq)% uj% osnkUrksixra ----------------------------------- vkIuksfrA

3- fuEufyf[krs"kq dFkus"kq 'kq)a dFkua ¼½ bfr fpºusu v'kq)a p ¼×½ bfr fpºusufpfg~ura dq#r&

¼d½ v/kek% ekue~ bPNfUrA

¼[k½ dqfRlreulk ;qä% tu% osnkUrksixra Qye~ vokIuksfrA

¼x½ ekuks fg egrka /kue~A

¼³½ 'kkUrpsrk% tu% lq[ke~ vkIuksfrA

¼?k½ mÙkek% /kua ekua p bPNfUrA

¼p½ mÙkek% ekue~ bPNfUrA

1-4 fde~ vf/kxre~

1- HkkstuL; lnk lEeku% drZO;%A

2- iwftre~ v'kua cye~ Åt± p ;PNfrA

3- lTtuk% vfrFkhuke~ vknja dqoZfUrA

4- lR;su vlR;e~ t;sr~A

5- Lok/;k;% drZO;%A

6- ok³~euksH;ka 'kq)% tu% loZe~ vkIuksfrA

7- lUrks"kh tu% lq[ke~ vokIuksfrA

8- ekuks fg egrke~ /kue~A

15l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

9- lfU/k &la;ksx;ks% e/;s foHksn% HkofrA

10- vdkjkUriqfYyax&vdkjkUr uiqaldfyax'kCnkuka :is"kq Hksn% HkofrA

11- nh?kZlfU/k% LojlU/ks% Hksn% vfLrA

1-5 ;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

¼d½ lUnHkZxzUFkifjp;%

1- euqLe`fr% euquk fufeZra ekuolektL; izFkea lafo/kkue~A /keZ'kkL=s"kq izkphure%v;a xzUFk%A euqLèrkS }kn'k ¼12½ v/;k;k%] 2685 'yksdk% p orZUrsA izLrqrikBs'yksdla[;k 1] 2] 7] 8 euqLèR;k% ladfyrk%A

2- fonqjuhfr% egkHkkjrL; m|ksxioZf.k fonqjuhfr% of.kZrkA vfLeu~ xzUFks eU=hfonqj% /k̀rjk"Vªk; uhrs% mins'ka ;PNfrA vfLeu~ xzUFks v"V ¼8½ v/;k;k% lfUrA¼ladfyr'yksdla[;k & 3] 4½

3- pk.kD;uhfr% pk.kD;% pUnzxqIrL; egkeU=h vklhr~A rsu iz.khr% xzUFk%pk.kD;uhfr% vrho egÙoiw.kZ%] lEiw.kZekuotkrs% ykHkk; p orZrsA vfLeu~ xzUFks17 v/;k;k% 340 'yksdk% p lfUrA v;a xzUFk% Kkulkxj% ,oA ¼ladfyr'yksdla[;k& 5] 6½

¼[k½ HkkofoLrkj%

1- iwftra á'kue~& vUua lnk lEekuuh;e~A ^vUua oS czºe* bfr mDre~A vUuL;mRiknus] fu"iknus] iznkus p loZFkk 'kqf)% Hkosr~A Jhd"̀.k% nq;ksZ/kuL; O;atukfufogk; fonqjL; 'kkde~ v[kknr~A ;Fkk vUua rFkk eu%A mDra p ^vkgkj'kq)kSlÙo'kqf)%*A nÙke~ vUua lnk lRÑR; ,o HkksDrO;e~A

2- lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuka ;Rlq[ka& ^lUrks"k%* bZn'̀k% /kue~ vfLr ;su tu% ijea lq[kayHksr~A lUrks"k% ijea lq[ke~A /kuL; r"̀.kk fo'kkyk psr~ rfgZ dqr% lq[ke~A mDrap HkrZ̀gfj.kk&

l rq Hkofr nfjnz% ;L; r"̀.kk fo'kkykA

eufl p ifjrq"Vs dks·FkZoku~ dks nfjnz%AA

3- Lok/;k;e~&Lok/;k;L; egÙoa iqjkrudkyknso izfl)e~A vkpk;Z% f'k";e~ mifn'kfrLe Lok/;k;kUek izen%A ^ri%Lok/;k; izopukH;ka u izefnrO;e~* bfrALok/;k;e~ vLekda thouL; izFkee~ v³õe~ vklhr~A Lok/;k;su ,o Kkuof̀)%HkofrA

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16

¼x½ Hkk"kk foLrkj%

laLdr̀s =hf.k fyaxkfu lfUr

¼1½ iqfYyaxe~ ¼2½ L=hfyaxe~ ¼3½ uiqaldfyaxe~A

v= ikBs iz;qäkuke~ vdkjkUriqfYyax'kCnkuke~] vdkjkUruiqaldfyax'kCnkuka :ikf.knh;UrsA

'kCnlwph

vdkjkUriqafYy³õ'kCnk% vdkjkUruiqaldfy³õ'kCnk%ÅtZ% & 'kfDr v'kue~ & Hkkstue~

vØks/k% & 'kkfUr cye~ & rkdr

Øks/k% & xqLlk nkue~ & nku

dn;Z% & datwl lR;e~ & lR;

lUrks"k% & lUrks"k vu`re~ & >wB

r̀Ir% & rÌr /k̀re~ & ?kh

/kuyqC/k% & /ku dk yksHkh Qye~ & Qy

v/ke% & uhp /kue~ & /ku

e/;e% & e/;e xsge~ & ?kj

mÙke% & mÙke

eku% & lEeku

Lok/;k;% & osnkfn ln~xzUFkksa dk v/;;u

vdkjkUriaqfYy³õ'kCnk% ¼nsoor~½

^nso* 'kCn%

,dopue~ f}oupue~ cgqopue~

izFke fo- nso% nsokS nsok%

f}rh;k fo- nsoe~ nsokS nsoku~

ckyd 'kCn%


izFke fo- ckyd% ckydkS ckydk%

f}rh;k fo- ckyde~ ckydkS ckydku~

17l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

¼fofHkUukuke~ vdkjkUriqfYyax'kCnkuka :ikf.k½

,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~

izFkek foHkfDr% Øks/k% Øks/kkS v/kek%

¼,d Øks/k us½ ¼nks Øks/k@Øks/kksa us½ ¼cgqr ls v/ke½

f}rh;k foHkfDr% v/kee~ e/;ekS e?;eku~

¼,d uhp dks½ ¼nks e/;eksa dks½ ¼lHkh e/;eksa dks½

rr̀h;k foHkfDr% ÅtsZu ÅtkZH;ke~ vØks/kS%

¼'kfä ds }kjk½ ¼nks 'kfä;ksa ds }kjk½ ¼'kkfUr;ksa ds }kjk½

prqFkhZ foHkfDr% vØks/kk; dn;kZH;ke~ dn;sZH;%

¼'kkfUr ds fy,½ ¼nks datwlksa ds fy,½ ¼lc datwlksa ds fy,½

iapeh foHkfDr% lUrks"kkr~ lUrks"kkH;ke~ rÌrsH;%

¼lUrks"k ls½ ¼nks lUrks"kksa ls½ ¼lHkh rÌr euq";ksa ls½

"k"Bh foHkfDr% rÌrL; mÙke;ks% mÙkekuke~

¼rÌr euq"; dk½ ¼nks mÙke euq";ksa dk½ ¼lHkh mÙke euq";ksa dk½

lIreh foHkfDr% ekus /kueku;ks% LOkk/;k;s"kq

¼lEeku esa½ ¼/ku vkSj eku esa½ ¼osnkfn xzUFkksa esa½

lEcks/kue~ gs /kuyqC/k gs /kuyqC/kkS gs mÙkek%

¼gs /ku ds yksHkh½ ¼gs /ku ds yksHkh nks iq#"kks½ ¼gs mÙke O;fä;ks½

vdkjkUruiqaldfy³õ'kCnkuke~ :ikf.k ¼Qyor~½

Qy 'kCn


izFkek fo- Qye~ Qys Qykfu

f}rh;k fo- Qye~ Qys Qykfu

v'ku 'kCn


izFkek fo- v'kue~ v'kus v'kukfu

f}rh;k fo- v'kue~ v'kus v'kukfu

fo'ks"k%& ,oeso nku&?k̀r iq"ikfn'kCnkuka :ikf.k HkofUrA

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18

1-6 ikBkUriz'uk%1- iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr

¼d½ mÙkek% fde~ bPNfUr\

¼[k½ lUrks"kh tu% fda izkIuksfr\

¼x½ /kuekua ds bPNfUr\

¼?k½ ;% fof/kuk vCni;ZUra Lok/;k;a djksfr rL; dr̀s fda fda {kjfr\

¼³½ vlk/kqa dFka t;sr~\

¼p½ nkusu de~ t;sr~\

2- v/kksfyf[kr;ks% okD;ka'k;ks% mfpra HkkokFk± fpuqr&

¼d½ iwftra á'kue~&

¼i½ /kwinhikfnfHk% iwftre~ Hkkstue~¼ii½ lEekfura Hkkstue~¼iii½ lqLoknq Hkkstue~

¼[k½ lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuke~&

¼i½ lUrks"ks.k vèrsu p rÌrkuke~¼ii½ vèrikusu lUrq"Vkuke~¼iii½ lUrks"k:fi.kk vèrsu rÌrkuke~

3- v/k% iznÙki³~Drhuke~ vk'k;a Li"Vhdq#r&

¼d½ ,rkU;fi lrka xsgs uksfPN|Urs dnkpuA

¼[k½ lUrks"kkèrrÌrkuka ;r~ lq[ka 'kkUrpsrlke~A

¼x½ ekuks fg egrka /kue~A

¼?k½ ;L; ok³~eulh 'kq)s lE;XxqIrs p loZnkA

4- ^thoulUns'k%* ikBek/k̀R; dkfufpr~ ikp thouewY;kfu ikpokD;s"kq fy[krA

5- v/kksfyf[krs mnkgj.ks vuqlR̀; dks"Bds lfU/k% vfLr vFkok la;ksx% bfrfpºuhdq#r&

;Fkk&¼i½ uksfPN|Urs] u $ mfPN|Urs u~ $ v $ m ¾ uks ¼lfU/k%½ ¼ii½ lrkesrkfu] lrke~ $ ,rkfu e~ $ , ¾ es ¼la;ksx%½

¼i½ á'kue~ ¾ fg $ v'kue~ b $ v ¾ ; ¼lfU/k%@la;ksx%½¼ii½ uk'k;sfnne~ ¾ uk'k;sr~ $ bne~ r~ $ b ¾ fn ¼lfU/k%@la;ksx%½

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fVIi . kh

¼iii½ cyewtZe~ ¾ cye~ $ ÅtZe~ e~ $ Å ¾ ew ¼lfU/k%@la;ksx%½¼iv½ iwt;sn'kue~ ¾ iwt;sr~ $ v'kue~ r~ $ v ¾ n ¼lfU/k%@la;ksx%½¼v½ ekufePNfUr ¾ ekue~ $ bPNfUr e~ $ b ¾ fe ¼lfU/k%@la;ksx%½¼vi½ /kufePNfUr ¾ /kue~ $ bPNfUr e~ $ b ¾ fe ¼lfU/k%@la;ksx%½

6- v/k% vdkjkUr'kCnk% iznÙkk% lfUrA rs"kq iqfYya³õ&uiqladfy³õ'kCnku~ iF̀kDdR̀;fy[kr&

Øks/k] cy] nku] lUrks"k] ÅtZ] /ku] xsg] mÙke

7- v/kksfyf[krinkuka lafU/kfoPNsna dR̀ok lfU/kuke vfi fy[kr&

pkur̀e~] uksfPN|Urs] á'kue~] osnkUrksixre~

8- in&ifjp;% ns;%&

¼d½ egrke~] ¼[k½ r.̀kkfu] ¼x½ bPNfUr

1-7 mÙkjkf.k

1-3 cks/kiz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k

1- ¼d½ 2] ¼[k½ 1] ¼x½ 4] ¼?k½ 5] ¼³½ 3

2- ¼d½ Hkwfe#nda ¼[k½ uksfPN|Urs ¼x½ º;'kue~

¼?k½ pkur̀e~ ¼³½ ekuks fg ¼p½ i;ks nf/k

3- d- lrak] [k- /kuekua x- 'kq)s ?k- cye~

ikBxriz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k

1-1 1- ¼d½ vØks/ksu ¼[k½ lk/kquk ¼x½ cyewtZe~ ¼?k½ viwftre~

2- ¼d½ lrke~ ¼[k½ mfPN|Urs ¼x½ okd~

¼?k½ v'kue~ ¼³½ dn;Ze~ ¼p½ Øks/ke~

3- ¼d½ iwt;sr~ ¼[k½ ;PNfr ¼x½ uk'k;sr~

¼?k½ t;sr~ ¼³½ mfPNn~;Urs

1-2 1- ¼d½ 4 ¼[k½ 1 ¼x½ 6 ¼?k½ 3 ¼³½ 2 ¼p½ 5

2- ¼d½ Lok/;k;e~ ¼[k½ loZe~ ¼x½ lq[ke~

¼?k½ /kue~ ¼M-½ ekue~ ¼p½ Qye~~

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20

3- ¼d½ × ¼[k½ × ¼x½

¼?k½ × ¼M-½ ¼p½

1-6 ikBkUriz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k

1- ¼d½ mÙkek% ekue~ bPNfUrA

¼[k½ lUrks"kh tu% lq[ka 'kkfUra p izkIuksfrA

¼x½ e/;ek% /kuekua bPNfUrA

¼?k½ ;% fof/kuk vCni;ZUra Lok/;k;a djksfr rL; x̀gs i;%] nf/k] ?k̀ra e/kq p {kjfUrA

¼³½ vlk/kqa lk/kquk t;sr~A

¼p½ nkusu dn;± t;sr~A

2- d&¼ii½] [k&¼iii½

3- r=So i|kuka O;k[;kizl³õs ifBRok ys[kuh;kfuA4- Lo;eso ikBkuqlkja ikp okD;kfu jp;rA

5- ¼i½ lfU/k% ¼ii½ lfU/k% ¼iii½ la;ksx%

¼iv½ lfU/k% ¼v½ la;ksx% ¼vi½ la;ksx%

6- iaq- Øks/k] lUrks"k] ÅtZ] mÙke

uiaq- cy] nku] /ku] xsg

7- p $ vur̀e~ ¼nh?kZ½

u $ mfPN|Urs ¼xq.k½

fg $ v'kue~ ¼;.k~½

osn $ vUr $ mixre~ ¼nh?kZ&xq.k½

8- ¼d½ egr~] iqa- "k- fo- c- o-

¼[k½ r.̀k] uiqa- iz- f}- c- o

¼x½ b"k~] /kkrq] y³~] yV~ iz- iq- c- o-

21l aLÑr e~

; fn t kukfl r n~ on i zFkea Lokè; k; l ksi kue~i Bue~ l a: i e~i | e~ ( i zgsfydk)

fVIi . kh

2

;fn tkukfl rn~ on

vfLr dkfpr~ e/kqjLèfr% ckY;koLFkk;k%] ;nk 'k;udkys Hkor% firkegh@ekrkeghdFkk% dFk;fr Le] iz'uku~ izgsfydk% p iP̀Nfr Le\ uwue~ dFkkfHk% ç'uS%]izgsfydkfHk% p vLekda Kkua o/kZrs] cqf)% rhozk Hkofr] euksjatue~ vfi tk;rsA bEkk%çgsfydk% fo'oL; lokZlq Hkk"kklq ;su dsu vfi :is.k miyH;UrsA laL—rHkk"kk;k%lkfgR;e~ vfrle)̀a orZrsA laL—rlkfgR;s vusdk% çgsfydk% ladfyrk% lfUrAvfLeu~ ikBs o;a dk'pu çgsfydk% ç{;ke% mÙkja Kkrqa p ç;Rua dqeZ%A

mís';kfu

bea ikBa ifBRok Hkoku~&

çgsfydk% cks)qa leFkZ% Hkfo";fr( çgsfydkuka xw

l aLÑr e~

i zFkea Lokè; k; l ksi kue~i Bue~ l a: i e~

i | e~~ ( i zgsfydk)

; fn t kukfl r n~ on~

fVIi . kh

22

fØ;kdyki%

}s "kV~

i×p ,de~

pRokfj =hf.k

mi;qZDrrkfydk;ka f="kq dks"Bds"kq fjDrLFkkukfu lfUrA r= izR;sda dks"Bds"kq,rkn'̀kh la[;k ys[kuh;k ;su ,rs"kke~ vadkuka ;ksx% mifj"Vkr~ v/k% ¼½ v/kLrkr~mifj ¼½] oker% nf{k.ke~ ¼½~] nf{k.kr% okee~ ¼½ fr;Zd~:is.k ¼×½ loZ= 15i×pn'k Hkosr~A

2-1 ewyikB%

;fn tkukfl rn~ on

'kksHku% v;a cqf)foykl%A vfLeu~ ikBs o;e~ ckSf)dfoyklk; çgsfydk% ifB";ke%

dLrwjh tk;rs dLekr~] dks gfUr dfj.kka dqye~]

fda dq;kZr~ dkrjks ;q)s] èxkr~ flag% iyk;ue~AA1AA

;qf/kf"Bj% dL; iq=ks] xaxk ogfr dhn'̀kh

galL; 'kksHkk dk okfLr] /keZL; Rofjrk xfr% AA2AA

o{̀kkxzs Qya n"̀Va] Qykxzs o{̀k ,o p]

vdkjkfnldkjkUra] tkukfr l if.Mr% AA3AA

viwoksZ·;a Ek;k n"̀V%] dkUr% deyykspus]

'kks·Urja ;ks fotkukfr l fo}kék= la'k;%AA4AA

'kCnkFkkZ%dLekr~ ¾ fdllsgfUr ¾ ekjrk gS]dfj.kak ¾ gkfFk;ksa ds]dkrj% ¾ dk;j]Rofjrk ¾ rst+]o{̀kkxzs ¾ o{̀k ds vkxsQykxzs ¾ Qy ds vkxsvdkjkfn ¾ ̂v* ls çkjEHkldkjkUre~ ¾ ̂l* vUr esagS ftldsviwoZ% ¾ ̂v* 'kq: esadkUr% ¾ ̂dk* vUr esa'kks·Urja ¾ ̂ 'kks* chp esa]

23l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

fuR;a jFksu xPNkfe] v'ok ogfUr es jFke~]

lezkMfLe ujks ukfLe] uklqjks·fLe fu'kkpj% AAA5AA

lnkfje/;kfi u oSfj;qäk]

furkUrjäk·fi flrSo fuR;e~]

;FkksDrokfnU;fi uSo nwrh]

dk uke dkUrsfr fuosn;k'kqAA6AA

vusdlqf'kja ok|a dkUra p _f"klafKre~]

pfØ.kk p lnkjk/;a] ;ks tkukfr] l if.Mr%AA7AA

u rL;kfnuZ rL;kUrks e/;s ;LrL; fr"BfrA

rokI;fLr eekI;fLr] ;fn tkukfl] r}nAA8AA

2-2 cks/kiz'uk%1- ikBa ifBRok lEc)ku~ i|ak'kku~ esy;r&

^d* LrEHk% ^[k* LrEHk%

;Fkk ¼v½ dLrwjh tk;rs dLekr~ ¼i½ v'ok% ogfUr es jFke~A

¼vk½ vusdlqf'kja ok|e~ ¼ii½ e/;s ;LrL; fr"BfrA

¼b½ fuR;a jFksu xPNkfe ¼iii½ dks gfUr dfj.kka dqye~

¼bZ½ u rL;kfnuZ rL;kUr% ¼iv½ dkUr% deyykspus]

¼m½ o{̀kkxzs Qya n"̀Ve~ ¼v½ dkUra p _f"klafKre~

¼Å½ viwoksZ·;a e;k n"̀V% ¼vi½ Qykxzs o{̀k ,o p

2- fØ;kinS% fjäLFkkukfu iwj;r

¼d½ fda &&&&&dkrjks ;q)s\

¼[k½ xaxk &&&& dhn'̀kh\

¼x½ dk uke dkUrsfr &&& vk'kqA

lezkV~ ¾ fo'ks"k pednkjvlqj% ¾ çk.knkrkfu'kkpj% ¾ jk{klfje/;k ¾ ^fj* chp esafurkUrjäk ¾ vfr vuqjäjäk ¾ vuqjäkflrk ¾ lQsn;Fkksäokfnuh ¾ tSlk dgk x;koSlk gh cksyus okyh]dkUrk ¾ ̂d* gS vUr esa ftldsvk'kq ¾ 'kh?kzvusdlqf'kja ¾ vusd lqUnj f'k[kjksaokykok|e~ ¾ ^o* gS 'kq: esa] ftldsdkUr ¾ ̂d* gS vUr esa] ftldsvkjk/;e~ ¾ iwtus ;ksX;^u* rL;kfn% ¾ u mlds vkfn esa]rL;kUrs ¾ u mlds vUr esae/;s ;% ¾ e/; esa ;]ro ¾ rqEgkjsee ¾ esjs

l aLÑr e~




fVIi . kh

24

¼?k½ ;ks&&&& l if.Mr%A

¼³½ lezkV~ &&&& uj% u &&A

¼p½ e/;s ;% rL; &&&&A

3- mi;qDre~ mÙkje~ fpg~uhdq#r&

iz'uk% mÙkjkf.k

;Fkk & dLrwjh dLekr~ tk;rs\ flagkr~@èxkr~

¼d½ galL; 'kksHkk dk\ xfr%@efr%

¼[k½ ;qf/kf"Bj% dL; iq=%\ lw;ZL;@/keZL;

¼x½ dfj.kka dqya d% gfUr\ flag%@O;k?kz%

¼?k½ dkrj% ;q)s fda dq;kZr~\ ;q)a@iyk;ue~

¼³½ xaxk dhn'̀kh ogfr\ eUnk@Rofjrk

2-3 v/kquk voxPNke%

izFke% va'k%

'yksd&1

izFkea 'yksda iqu% iBke%A izgsfydk;ke~ ,o iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k lfUrA

inPNsn% dLrwjh tk;rs dLekr~] d% gfUr dfj.kke~ dqye~A

fda dq;kZr~ dkrj% ;q)s] èxkr~ flag% iyk;ue~AA

vUo;%& dLrwjh dLekr~ tk;rs\ èxkr~A d% dfj.kke~ dqye~ gfUr\ flag%A dkrj%;q)s fde~ dq;kZr~\ iyk;ue~A

O;k[;k

¼i½ vL;ke~ çgsfydk;ka =;% ç'uk% lfUrA dLrwjh dLekr~ mRiUuk Hkofr\ bfr izFke%iz'u%A vL; mÙkje~ vfUres pj.ks vfLr&èxkr~] gfj.kkr~ vFkkZr~ dLrwjh gfj.kkr~tk;rsA

¼ii½ d% dfj.kka dqya gfUr\ ¾ bfr f}rh;% iz'u% v= gfUr bfr fØ;kine~d% gfUr\ flag%

da gfUr\ dfj.kke~ dqye~

¼iii½ dkrj% ;q)s fda dq;kZr~\ bfr rr̀h;% iz'u%A iyk;ue~] /kkoue~ dq;kZr~A

dLrwjh tk;rs dLekr~]dks gfUr dfj.kka dqye~]

fda dq;kZr~ dkrjks ;q)s]e`xkr~ flag% iyk;ue~AA1AA

25l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

;% Hkh#% vfLr] ;q)a drq± Hkhr% Hkofr l% rq ;q){ks=kr~ iyk;ue~ djksfrA vFkkZRk~ Hkh#%tu% dnkfi ;q)a drq±e~ m|r% u HkofrA

vfUres ikns fde~ oSfp«;e~\ ^èxkr~ flag% iyk;ue~ ¼dq;kZr~½* vFkkZr~ flag% gfj.kan"̀V~ok /kkofr bR;FkZ% v= izrh;rsA ijUrq oLrqr% ,rkfu inkfu =;k.kka ç'ukuke~mÙkjkf.k lfUrA

'yksd&2

v/kquk f}rh;a 'yksda iqu% iBke%A izgsfydk;ke~ ,o iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k lfUr bfrcks/kke%A

inPNsn% ;qf/kf"Bj% dL; iq=%] xaxk ogfr dhn'̀khA

galL; 'kksHkk dk ok vfLr] /keZL; Rofjrk xfr%AA

vUo;% ;qf/kf"Bj% oS dL; iq=%&/keZL;] xaxk dhn'̀kh ogfr& Rofjrk] ok galL; 'kksHkkdk vfLr ¾ xfr%AA

O;k[;k& v=kfi =;% ç'uk%] rs"kke~ mÙkjkf.k vfUres pj.ks nÙkkfuA ,oa çrh;rs ;r~galL; 'kksHkk dk bfr ç'uL; mÙkje~ vfLr& /keZL; Rofjrk xfr% ijUrq ,oa ukfLrA,rkfu =hf.k inkfu =;k.kka ç'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k ,oA vFkkZr~

¼~i½ /keZjktL; iq=% ;qf/kf"Bj%]¼ii½ xaxk rhozxR;k ogfr]¼iii½ galL; 'kksHkk rL; xfr% ,o vfLr] ;r% galL; xfr% çfl)k orZrsA

v= ,d% vU;% vfi Hkko% çrh;rs& /keZL; Rofjrk xfr%] vFkkZr~ /keZijk;.ktuL;'kh?kza dY;k.ka HkofrA oLrqr% ,rkfu =hf.k inkfu i"̀Vkuka ç'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k ,olfUrA

'yksd&3

v/kquk r`rh;ka izgsfydka iBke%A

inPNsn% o{̀kkxzs Qye~ n"̀Ve~] Qykxzs o{̀k% ,o pA

vdkjkfnldkjkUre~] tkukfr l% if.Mr%AA

vUo;% o{̀kkxzs Qye~ n"̀Ve~] Qykxzs o{̀k% ,o pA vdkjkfnldkjkUre~] ¼;%½ tkukfrl% if.Mr%AA

O;k[;k

,rr~ fda Qya ;L; ukEu% vknkS vdkj%] vUrs ldkj% Hkofr\ rr~ Qya o{̀ks yxfrArL; QyL; vxzs iqu% o{̀kor~ i=kf.k HkofUrA ,rr~ rq ^vukukl* bfr Qye~ ,oA

;qf/kf"Bj% dL; iq=ks]xaxk ogfr dhn`'kh(

galL; 'kksHkk dk okfLr]/keZL; Rofjrk xfr% AA2AA

o`{kkxzs Qya n`"Va]Qykxzs o`{k ,o p]

vdkjkfnldkjkUra]tkukfr l if.Mr% AA3AA

l aLÑr e~




fVIi . kh

26

'yksd&4

lEizfr izgsfydk;ka prqFk± i|a iBke%A

inPNsn% viwoZ% v;e~ e;k n"̀V% dkUr% deyykspusA

'kks vUrje~ ;% fotkukfr l% fo}ku~ u v= la'k;%AA

vUo;% ¼gs½ deyykspus e;k v;e~ viwoZ% dkUr% n"̀V%A ;%'kks·Urje~ ¼bea½ fotkukfr l fo}ku~ ¼vfLr½ v= la'k;% u¼vfLr½A

O;k[;k& deyykspus& deye~ bo ykspus ;L;k% lk¼cgqozhfg%lekl%½ lEcks/kus ,dopus :ie~ vFkkZr~ gs deyus=sA

viwoZ% & vdkj% iwosZ ;L; l%@ vöqr%

dkUr%& ddkj% vUrs ;L; l%@ fç;%] lqUnj%

vUrje~ fde~\ e/;e~

'kks·Urje~ & 'kks e/;s ;L; l% 'kks·Urj% re~] la'k;%& lansg%

gs deyykspus&lqykspus! e;k v;a o{̀k% n"̀V% ;L; vknkS vdkj% orZrs vUrs ddkj%orZrs e/;s p ^'kks* bfr orZrsA tkukfl fde~] l% d% o{̀k%\ l% ^v'kksd%* bfr o{̀k% ;%,oa tkukfr l fo}ku~ dF;rsA vfLeu~ fo"k;s lansg% ukfLrA

v= viwoZ% dkUr% bR;srkS 'kCnkS vn~Hkqr% fç;% bR;srkH;ke~ vFkkZH;ka rq Hkzee~ mRikn;r%Avr% ,rkS vFkkSZ v= u fopkj.kh;kS Lr%A vL;k% izgsfydk;k% mÙkje~ v'kksd% bfr ukeo`{k%A

HkkokFkZ%

v'kksd% o{̀k% vn~Hkqr%] lqUnj% p HkofrA vL;k% çgsfydk;k% mÙkje~ ^v'kksd%* bfr ;%tkufr l fo}ku~ vfLr( vfLeu~ fo"k;s lansg% ukfLrA

lkj%

izFke va'k esa pkj igsfy;k¡ gSaA bUgha igsfy;ksa eas mÙkj Hkh lekfo"V gSa tSls dLrwjhfdlls iSnk gksrh gS\ gfj.k lsA gkfFk;ksa ds dqy dks dkSu ekj ldrk gS\ flagAdk;j ;q) eas iyk;u djrk gSA blh izdkj nwljh igsyh esa crk;k x;k gS fd;qf/kf"Bj /keZ ds iq= gSa] xaxk rhoz xfr ls cgrh gS] gal dh 'kksHkk pky ls gSA rhljhigsyh vukukl dk o.kZu djrh gSA o{̀k ds vkxs Qy gS vkSj Qy ds vkxs fQj o{̀kgh gSA ml 'kCn dk ^v* ls izkjEHk gksrk gS vkSj ̂l* ls vUrA blh izdkj pkSFkh igsyh^v'kksd* 'kCn dks ysdj cukbZ xbZ gSA blds izkjEHk esa ^v* gS] ^'kks* e/;e esa gS rFkk^d* vUr esa gSA inksa ds nks&nks vFkks± ls peRdkj iSnk gqvk gSA

viwoksZ·;a e;k n`"V%dkUr% deyykspusA

'kks·Urja ;ks fotkukfrl fo}kUuk= la'k;%AA4AA

27l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

O;kdj.kfcUno%

fde~ iz'uokpda loZukeine~A vL; :ikf.k f="kq fy³õs"kq pyfUr] iqfYy³sõ] L=hfy³õs]uiqaldfy³õs p dkfufpr~ loZuke'kCnkuka :ikf.k tkuhe%A

^fde~* iaqfYy³õe~ ^fde~* L=hfy³õe~ ^fde~* uiqaldfy³õe~

foHkfDr% ,d o- f}-o- cgq o- ,d o- f}-o- cgq o- ,d o- f}-o- cgq o-

izFkek d% dkS ds dk ds dk% fde~ ds dkfu

f}rh;k de~ dkS dku~ dke~ ds dk% fde~ ds dkfu

r`rh;k dsu dkH;ke~ dS% d;k dkH;ke~ dkfHk% 'ks"k:ikf.k iqfYy³õor~

prqFkhZ dLeS dkH;ke~ dsH;% dL;S dkH;ke~ dkH;%

iapeh dLekr~ dkH;ke~ dsH;% dL;k% dkH;ke~ dkH;%

"k"Bh dL; d;ks% ds"kke~ dL;k% d;ks% dklke~

LkIreh dfLeu~ d;ks% ds"kq dL;ke~ d;ks% dklq

,oe~ ,o ;r~] rr~] ,rr~ loZuke'kCnkuke~ :ikf.k pyfUrA

iqfYy³õs L=khfy³õsloZuke foHkfDr% ,d o0 f} o0 cgq o0 ,d o0 f} o0 cgq o0

;r~ izFkek ;% ;kS ;s ;k ;s ;k%

rr~ izFkek l% rkS rs lk rs rk%

,rr~ izFkek ,"k% ,rkS ,rs ,"kk ,rs ,rk%

;r~ f}rh;k ;e~ ;kS ;ku~ ;ke~ ;s ;k%

rr~ f}rh;k re~ rkS rku~ rke~ rs rk%

,rr~ f}rh;k ,re~ ,rkS ,rku~ ,rke~ ,rs ,rk%

;r~ r̀rh;k ;su ;kH;ke~ ;S% ;;k ;kH;ke~ ;kfHk%

rr~ r̀rh;k rsu rkH;ke~ rS% r;k rkH;ke~ rkfHk%

,rr~ r̀rh;k ,rsu ,rkH;ke~ ,rS% ,r;k ,rkH;ke~ ,rkfHk%

;r~ prqFkhZ ;LeS ;kH;ke~ ;sH;% ;L;S ;kH;ke~ ;kH;%

rr~ prqFkhZ rLeS rkH;ke~ rsH;% rL;S rkH;ke~ rkH;%

,rr~ prqFkhZ ,rLeS ,rH;ke~ ,rsH;% ,rL;S ,rkH;ke~ ,rkH;%

;r~ iapeh ;Lekr~ ;kH;ke~ ;sH;% ;L;k% ;kH;ke~ ;kH;%

rr~ iapeh rLekr~ rkH;ke~ rsH;% rL;k% rkH;ke~ rkH;%

,rr~ iapeh ,rLekr~ ,rkH;ke~ ,rsH;% ,rL;k% ,rkH;ke~ ,rkH;%

l aLÑr e~




fVIi . kh

28

;r~ "k"Bh ;L; ;;ks% ;s"kke~ ;L;k% ;;ks% ;klke~

rr~ "k"Bh rL; r;ks% rs"kke~ rL;k% r;ks% rklke~

,rr~ "k"Bh ,rL; ,r;ks% ,rs"kke~ ,rL;k% ,r;ks% ,rklke~

;r~ lIreh ;fLeu~ ;;ks% ;s"kq ;L;ke~ ;;ks% ;klq

rr~ lIreh rfLeu~ r;ks% rs"kq rL;ke~ r;ks% rklq

,rr~ lIreh ,rfLeu~ ,r;ks% ,rs"kq ,rL;ke~ ,r;ks% ,rklq

ui aql d fy³õsfoHkfDr% ,d o0 f} o0 cgq o0

;r~ izFkek ;r~ ;s ;kfu

rr~ izFkek rr~ rs rkfu

,rr~ izFkek ,rr~ ,rs ,rkfu

;r~ f}rh;k ;r~ ;s ;kfu

rr~ f}rh;k rr~ rs rkfu

,rr~ f}rh;k ,rr~ ,rs ,rkfu

'ks"k :ikf.k iqfYya³õor~

vLen~ 'kCn% ;q"en~ 'kCn%

foHkfDr% ,d o- f} o- cgq o] ,d o- f} o- cgq o]

izFkek vge~ vkoke~ o;e~ Roe~ ;qoke~ ;w;e~

f}rh;k eke~ vkoke~ vLeku~ Roke~ ;qoke~ ;q"eku~

r̀rh;k e;k vkokH;ke~ vLekfHk% Ro;k ;qokH;ke~ ;q"ekfHk%

prqFkhZ eº;e~ ¼esa½ vkokH;ke~ vLeH;e~ rqH;e~ ;qokH;ke~ ;q"eH;e~

iapeh er~ vkokH;ke~ vLer~ Ror~ ;qokH;ke~ ;q"er~

"k"Bh ee ¼esa½ vko;ks% vLekde~ ro ;qo;ks% ;q"ekde~

LkIreh ef; vko;ks% vLeklqq Rof; ;qo;ks% ;q"eklq

ikBxrç'uk% 2-11- ,dinsu mÙkjr

¼d½ dLrwjh dLekr~ tk;rs\ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼[k½ ;qf/kf"Bj% dL; iq=% &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼x½ vukukl'kCns vknkS d% o.kZ%\ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

29l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

¼?k½ ^v'kksd%* bfr ins vUrs d% o.kZ Hkofr\ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼³½ dL; QyL; vxzs i.kkZfu HkofUr\ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

2- foxzgku~ ;kstf;Rok leLrina jp;r

¼d½ QyL; vxzs ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼[k½ o{̀kL; vxzs ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼x½ ^v* iwosZ ;L; l% ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼?k½ 'kks e/;s ;L; l% ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼³½ ;qf/k fLFkj% ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼p½ ^d* vUrs ;L; l% ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&

3- vUo;a iwj;r

¼d½ gs deyykspus! e;k v;e~ ¼i½&&&& dkUr% ¼ii½&&&& ;% ¼iii½&&&&fotkukfr] l% ¼iv½&&&&&& vfLr] v= ¼v½&&&&&& u ¼vfLr½

¼[k½ o`{kkxzs ¼i½&&&&&& n`"Ve~ ¼ii½&&&&&&&& o{̀k% ,o pA vdkjkfnldkjkUre~ ¼iii½&&&&&&& tkukfr ¼iv½&&&&&& if.Mr% AA

f}rh;% va'k%

'yksd&5

bnkuha i×pea 'yksda iqu% iBke% cks/kke% pAinPNsn% fuR;e~ jFksu xPNkfe] v'ok% ogfUr es jFke~A

lezkV~ vfLe uj% u vfLe u vlqj% vfLe fu'kkpj%AA

vUo;% fuR;e~ jFksu xPNkfe] v'ok% es jFke~ ogfUrA lezkV~ vfLe uj% u vfLevlqj% vfLe fu'kkpj% uAA

O;k[;k% v= df'pr~ dFk;fr vga jktkor~ jFksu xPNkfe] v'ok% ee jFka d"kZfUrA;|fi lezkV~] lE;d~ 'kksHkk;eku% vfLe ijUrq vga uj% u] vge~ vlqj% vfLe ijUrqfu'kkpj% uA

,"k% jFk% vkdk'ks xPNfrA lIro.khZ;k% fdj.kk% vL; jFka pky;fUrA

lezkV~ ¼i½ lE;d~ jktrs bfr lezkV~& ¼ii½ uì%

vlqj% ¼i½ çk.knkrk ¼ii½ jk{kl%

fuR;a jFksu xPNkfe]v'ok% ogfUr es jFke~A

lezkMfLe ujks ukfLe]uklqjks·fLe fu'kkpj%AA5AA

l aLÑr e~




fVIi . kh

30

fu'kkpj% ¼i½ fu'kk;ka pjfr bfr ¼ii½ jk{kl%

vL;k% izgsfydk;k% mÙkje~ vfLr lw;Z%A l% uìor~vkdk'ks jFksu lapjfrA lIr&v'ok% vL; jFka u;fUrAv;e~ vR;f/kda HkklrsA vr% lezkV~ orZrsA l% vlwu~çk.kku~ nnkfr bfr o;a losZ tkuhe% ;r~ lw;Z% ,otxr% mRiknd%A vlqjL; vU;% vFkZ% vfLr jk{kl%&fu'kkpj%A ,"k% çk.knkrk vfLr u rq jk{kl%A v;a rqjk=kS u pjfr vfirq fnok pjfrA

'yksd&6

vL;k% izgsfydk;k% v/kquk "k"Ba 'yksda iqu% iBke%A

inPNsn%&lnk vfje/;k vfi u oSfj;qDrk furkUrjDrk vfi flrk ,o fuR;e~A

;Fkk mDrokfnuh vfi u ,o nwrh dk uke dkUrk bfr fuosn; vk'kqAA

vUo;% & lnkfje/;kfi oSfj;qDrk u]furkUrjDrkfi fuR;e~ flrSoA ;FkksDrokfnuhvfi nwrh u ,oA dk uke dkUrk bfr vk'kqfuosn;A

O;k[;k&

furkUrjDrkfi& furkUra jDrk] v= jDrkjDro.kZ;qrk] vFkok vuqjDrk bR;FkZ};açfrHkklrsA

jDro.kZ;qrk flrk ¼'osro.kkZ½ dFka L;kr~ vr% v= vuqjDrk vfi flrk bfr v;e~vFkZ% xzghrO;%A

;FkksDrokfnU;fi& ;Fkk $ mDrokfnuh $ vfi

dkUrk& dk vUrs ;L;k% lkA

HkkokFkZ%& çgsfydk;k% vkikriBusu loZ= fojks/kkHkkl% çfrHkkfrA lnk vfje/;k vfioSfj;qDrk u vfLr furkUra jDrk vfi fuR;a flrkA ;FkksDrokfnuh vfi nwrh u vfLrA/;kuiwoZda iBusu fHkUu- vFkZ% HkklrsA lkfjdk inL; e/;s ^fj* vfLrA vUrs dkvfLrA nwrh bo ;r~ Ük̀.kksfr rr~ onfrA vr% mÙkje~ vfLr lkfjdkA

'yksd&7

lEizfr] lIrea 'yksda iqu% iBke%A v=kfi izgsfydk;ke~ ,o iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k lfUrA

lnkfje/;kfi u oSfj;qDrkfurkUrjDrkfi flrSo fuR;e~A;FkksDrokfnU;fi uSo nwrh

dk uke dkUrsfrfuosn;k'kqAA6AA

31l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

inPNsn% vusdlqf'kje~ ok|e~ dkUre~ p _f"klafKre~A

pfØ.kk lnk vkjk/;e~ ;% tkukfr l% if.Mr%AA

vUo;% vusdlqf'kje~ ok|e~ dkUre~ _f"klafKre~ pfØ.kk p lnk vkjk/;e~ ;%tkukfr l if.Mr%A

O;k[;k

vusdlqf'kja& 'kksHkua f'kj% lqf'kj% ¼deZ/kkj;lekl%½ vusdkfu lqf'kjkafl ;fLeu~ rr~f}rh;kfoHkfä% ,dopue~

ok|e~& ¼1½ odkj% vknkS ;L; rr~]

¼2½ oknulk/kue~

dkUre~& ddkj% vUrs ;L; rr~] lqUnje~

_f"klafKre~& _"ks% laK;k& ukEuk;qDre~A

pfØ.kk& lisZ.k@fo".kquk

lnkjk/;e~& lnk vkjk/;a lsouh;e~A v= ok|a] dkUra pfØ.kk bR;s"kka 'kCnkukaoknulk/kue~ lqUnja fo".kquk bR;srS% inS% vFksZ Hkze% HkofrA vr% ,rs vFkkZ% v= ufopkj.kh;k%A ;L; vknkS odkj% vfLr ;L; vUrs p ddkj% vfLr vlkS 'kCn% L;kr~o--------dA ,rfLeu~ vusdkfu fNnzkf.k Hkos;q%] _f"kukeor~ rL; uke L;kr~] liZ% p rr~bPNsr~A rr~ fda L;kr~\ vgks! ,rr~ rq oYehde~A

HkkokFkZ%& oYehds vusdkfu fNnzkf.k HkofUrA _"ks% okYehdL; ukEuk ln'̀ka rL;ukeA oYehds liZ% fuolfrA vr% çgsfydk;k% mÙkja oYehde~ bfr cqf)eku~ tkukfrA

'yksd&8

v/kquk v"Vea 'yksda iqu% iBke%A

inPNsn% u rL; vkfn% u rL; vUr% e/;s ;% rL; fr"BfrA

ro vfi vfLr ee vfi vfLr ;fn tkukfl rn~ on~AA

vUo;% u rL;kfn% ¼vfLr½] u rL; vUr% ¼vfLr½]rL; e/;s ;% fr"BfrA ro vfi vfLr ;fn tkukfl]rn~ onA

O;k[;k& çgsfydk;k% iBudkys dfÜpn~ Hkze% tk;rsAu rL;kfn% u rL;kUr% bRFka çfrHkkfr ;r~ mÙkjs ;n~oLrq vfLr rr~ vukfn vuUra p orZrsA /;kusu iBukuUrja

vusdlqf'kja ok|adkUra p _f"klafKre~A

pfØ.kk lnkjk/;a ;kstkukfr l if.Mr%AA7AA

u rL;kfnuZ rL;kUrkse/;s ;LrL; fr"BfrA

rokI;fLr eekI;fLr;fn tkukfl rn~ onAA8AA

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fVIi . kh

32

Kk;rs ;n~ oLrqr% mÙkja L;kr~ rL; vknkS u bfr o.kZ% orZrs] rL; vUrs u bfr o.kZ%orZrsA

u rL;kfn% & u rL; vkfn%] rL; vkfno.kZ% û* vfLrA

u rL;kUr%& u rL; vUr%] rL; vUro.kZ% u vfLr bRFka fLFkfr% b;e~ vfLr u----------u

;LrL;& ;% rL;A rL; inL; e/;s ;% fr"BfrA vr% fLFkfr% b;a latkrk&u ; u

rokI;fLr& ro$ vfi$ vfLr

eekI;fLr& ee$ vfi$ vfLr b;a lwpuk vfLr mÙkja Kkrqe~A

^û;u** losZ"kka HkofrA vr% çgsfydk;k% mÙkje~ vfLr û;u* bfr

HkkokFkZ% çgsfydk;k% HkzeksRikndkfu inkfu u fopkj.kh;kfuA ^vknkS u* ê/;s ;*^vUrs u*A û;u* bfr çgsfydk;k% mÙkje~A u;us losZ"kka Hkor%A

O;kdj.k&fcUno%

¼i½ L=hfyaxinkuka :ikf.k ¼vkdkjkUrkfu½] bZdknkUrkfu p

xaxk dLrwjh

foHkfDr% ,-o- }-o- cgqo- ,-o- f}-o- ogq-o-

çFkek xaxk xaxs xaxk% dLrwjh dLrw;kSZ dLrw;Z%

f}rh;k xaxke~ xaxs xaxk% dLrwjhe~ ]]]]] dLrwjh%

rr̀h;k xax;k xaxkH;ke~ xaxkfHk% dLrw;kZ dLrwjhH;ke~ dLrwjhfHk%

prqFkhZ xaxk;S ]] xaxkH;% dLrw;SZ ]] dLrwjhH;%

iapeh xaxk;k% ]] ]] dLrw;kZ% ]] dLrwjhH;%

"k"Bh ]] ]] xaxkuke~ ]] dLrw;ksZ% dLrwjh.kke~

lIreh xaxk;ke~ xax;ks% xaxklq dLrw;kZe~ ]] dLrwjh"kq

lEoks/kue~ gs xaxs gs xaxs gs xaxk% gs dLrwfj gs dLrw;kSZ gs dLrw;Z%

,oeso jek] yrk] dyk vknhuka 'kCnkuka ,oeso ukjh] unh] nsoh vknhuka 'kCnkuka

:ikf.k Hkfo";fUrA :ikf.k Hkfo";fUr

33l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

^bu~* çR;;kUr'kCnk%

dfju~ pfØu~

foHkfDr ,-o- }-o- cgqo- ,-o- f}-o- cgq-o-

çFkek djh dfj.kkS dfj.k% pØh pfØ.kkS pfØ.k%

f}rh;k dfj.ke~ ]] ]] pfØ.ke~ ]] ]]

rr̀h;k dfj.kk dfjH;ke~ dfjfHk% pfØ.k pfØH;ke~ pfØfHk%

prqFkhZ dfj.ks ]] dfjH;% pfØ.ks ]] pfØH;%

i×peh dfj.k% ]] ]] pfØ.k% ]] ]]

"k"Bh ]] dfj.kks% dfj.kke~ pfØ.k% pfØ.kks% pfØ.kke~

lIreh dfjf.k ]] dfj"kq pfØf.k ]] pfØ"kq

lEcks/ku~ gs dfju~ gs dfj.kkS gs dfj.k% gs pfØu~ gs pfØ.kkS gs pfØ.k%

lkj%

bl va'k esa Hkh pkj igsfy;k¡ gSaA ikapoha igsyh dk vk/kkj lw;Z gS tks jktk ugha ijjFk ls ;k=k djrk gS] ?kksM+s ¼fdj.ksa½ mlds jFk dks [khaprs gSa] og lezkV~ gS ij euq";ugha] izk.k nkrk gS ij fu'kkpj ughaA NBh igsyh dk mÙkj gS lkfjdkA blds e/; esa^fj* gS] vfje/; ugha gS] vuqjDrk gksrs gq, Hkh 'osr o.kkZ gS] tSls dk rSlk o.kZu djrs gq,Hkh nwrh ugha gS] lqUnj gS ^dk* o.kZ vUr esa gSA izR;sd 'kCn ds nks nks vFkZ gSaA lkrohaigsyh dk mÙkj oYehd gS] oYehd eas vusd fNnz gksrs gSa vkSj blesa lkai dk fuoklgksrk gSA vr% cqf)eku~ gh bldks igpku ldrk gSA vfUre igsyh dk mÙkj u;ugS ftlds izkjEHk vkSj vUr esa ^u* gS vkSj e/;e esa ^;* gSA ;g lHkh ds ikl fo|ekugSA ,slh gh igsfy;ksa dk ladyu djds vki vius Kku dk foLrkj dj ldrs gSaa

ikBxrç'uk% 2-21- lfU/ka —Rok fy[kr

¼d½ lezkV~ $ vfLe ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼[k½ u $ vlqj% $ vfLe ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼x½ lnk $ vfj ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼?k½ flrk $ ,o ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

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fVIi . kh

34

¼³½ okfnuh $ vfi ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼p½ dkUrk $ bfr ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼N½ lnk $ vkjk/;e~ ¾ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

2- vFkZ};a fy[kr

¼d½ lnkfje/;k ¾ ¼i½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&¼ii½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼[k½ pfØ.kk ¾ ¼i½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&¼ii½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼x½ u rL;kfn% ¾ ¼i½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&¼ii½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼?k½ u rL;kUr% ¾ ¼i½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&¼ii½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼³½ vlqj% ¾ ¼i½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&¼ii½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

¼p½ ok|e~ ¾ ¼i½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&¼ii½ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&

3- rka çgsfydka fy[kr ;L;k% mÙkja lw;Z% vfLr

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

4- f}rh;ka'kL; çgsfydkuke~ mÙkjkf.k fy[krA

2-4 fde~ vf/kxre~ izgsfydkfHk% Kkuefi o/kZrs] euksjatue~ vfi HkofrA 'kCnkuke~ vFkZ};su peRdkj% mRi|rsA izFkeizgsfydk;k% rkRi;Ze~ vfLr& dLrwjh èxkr~ tk;rsA flag% dfj.kka dqya

gfUrA dkrj% ;q)s iyk;ua dq;kZRk~ bfrA

f}rh;izgsfydk;k% rkRi;Ze~ vfLr & ;qf/kf"Bj% /keZL; iq=%] xaxk Rofjrk ogfr]galL; 'kksHkk xfr% vfLrA

rr̀h;izgsfydk;k% mÙkjefLr& ^vukukl* bfrA ;r% vukuklo{̀kL; mifj Qye~Hkofr] iqu% rL; mifj o{̀k% ¼i=kf.k½ HkofrA

35l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

prqFkZizgsfydk;k% mÙkjefLr ^v'kksd%*A ;r% ;L; ¼'kCnL;½ iwosZ ^vdkj%* orZrs]e/;s ^'kks* o.kZ% vUrs p ^d* o.kZ% fo|rsA

iapeizgsfydk;k% mÙkjefLr ^lw;Z%*A ;% fuR;a jFksu xPNfrA rL; fdj.kk% ,ov'ok%A nsnhI;eku% lezkV~ vfLrA l% lalkjL; Ñrs vlqj% izk.knk;d% vfivfLrA

"k"Bizgsfydk;k% mÙkjefLr ̂lkfjdk*A ;r% lk nwrh bo onfrA v;eso 'kCn% ;L;e/;s ^fj* o.kZ% Hkofr] vUrs p ^dk* o.kZ% HkofrA

lIre izgsfydk;k% mÙkjefLr ̂oYehde~* bfrA ;r% ;L; 'kCnL; vknkS ̂ o* vfLrvUrs p ddkj% vfLrA ,rfLeu~ vusdkfu fNnzkf.k HkofUr] liZ% p rr~ bPNsr~ArL; uke _f"kukeor~ ,oA

v"Ve izgsfydk;k% mÙkjefLr& û;u* bfrA ;L; vknkS û* o.kZ%] vUrs·fi û*o.kZ%] e/;s p ^;* o.kZ% Hkofr] ;r~ p losZ"kke~ v³õa HkofrA vL; vFkZ% ûs=e~* bfrA

fdEk~ ;r~ rr~] ,rr~ bR;srs"kka loZuke'kCnkuka f="kq fyaaxs"kq :ikf.k HkofUrA vLen]~;q"en~ loZuke'kCn;ks% :ikf.k iqfYy³õs L=hfy³õs p lekukfu HkofUrA

2-5 ;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

¼d½ xzaFkifjp;%

,rk% çgsfydk% vf/kdka'kr% lqHkkf"krjRuHkk.Mkxkjr% ladfyrk%A lqHkkf"krRuHkk.Mkxkjsfofo/kkuka i|kuka lwähuka p laxzg% vfLrA

çgsfydk% rdZ'kfDra euu{kerka p o/kZ;fUrA

¼[k½ HkkofoLrkj%

dk'pu vU;k% çgsfydk%

¼d½ eq[ks gLr};a /kÙks] loZFkk tkx:dk lkAçfr{k.ka onUrho] çk.kk% fiaftrk% lnkAA ¼?kfVdk½

¼[k½ vkfnLojs.k czãk·ga rki;kfe fujUrje~Aukga HkheL; tkekrk]dks·fLe 'kh?kza czohrq esAA ¼vuy%½

¼x½ vknkS Hkk 'kksHkrs fuR;e~] jre~ i'pkn~ fojktrsAnsorkuka fç;a /kke] rokI;fLr eekfi p AA ¼Hkkjre~½

¼?k½ vinks nwjxkeh p lk{kjks u p if.Mr%Aveq[k% LQqVoDrk p ;ks tkukfr l if.Mr%AA ¼i=e~½

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fVIi . kh

36

2-6 ikBkUrç'uk%1- çFkekUra ina js[kkafdra dq#r&

;Fkk d% dfj.kka dqya gfUr\ d%

¼d½ galL; 'kksHkk dk vfLr\ ------------------------------------------

¼[k½ o{̀kkxzs Qya n"̀Ve~A ------------------------------------------

¼x½ viwoZ% v;e~ e;k n"̀V%A ------------------------------------------

¼?k½ Roe~ vk'kq fuosn;A ------------------------------------------

¼³½ ;% rL; e/;s fr"BfrA ------------------------------------------

¼p½ v'ok% es jFka ogfUrA ------------------------------------------

2- ikBs lEcks/kuina fde~\

3- v/kksfyf[krs"kq ins"kq fØ;kinkfu iF̀kd~ —Rok fy[kr&

dfj.kke~] gfUr] tkukfr] dkUrsfr] oSfj;qäk] nwrh] on] fuosn;] dkUr%] if.Mr%A

4- L=hfy³õinkfu js[kkafdrkfu dq#r&dLrwjh] o{̀k%] oSfj;qäk] okD;e~] pfØ.kk] fu'kkpj%] xaxk] dhn'̀kh] dkUrk] pfØ.kkA

5- ,rr~ ine~ vO;;e~ ukfLr&

rk%] ,o] p] v=] u] uke] bfr] vk'kq] vkfn%]vfi] fuR;e~] dhn'̀kh] dkA

2-7 mÙkjkf.k2-2 cks/kiz'uk%

1 ¼iii½] ¼v½] ¼i½] ¼ii½] ¼vi½] ¼iv½]2- ¼d½ dq;kZr~] ¼[k½ ogfr] ¼x½ fuosn;] ¼?k½ tkukfr]

¼³½ vfLe] vfLe] ¼p½ fr"BfrA

3- ¼d½ xfr%] ¼[k½ /keZL; ¼x½ flag% ¼?k½ iyk;ue~ ¼³½ Rofjrk

ikBxriz'uk%

2-1 1- ¼d½ èxkr~] ¼[k½ /keZL;] ¼x½ v o.kZ%] ¼?k½ d%] ¼³½ vukuklQyL;]

2- ¼d½ Qykxzs] ¼[k½ o{̀kkxzs] ¼x½ viwoZ% ¼?k½ 'kkse/;% ¼³½ ;qf/kf"Bj% ¼p½ dkUr%

37l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

3- ¼d½ ¼i½ viwoZ% ¼ii½ n"̀V% ¼iii½ 'kks·Urja] ¼iv½ fo}ku~ ¼v½ la'k;%

¼[k½ ¼i½ Qye~] ¼ii½ Qykxzs ¼iii½ ;%] ¼iv½ l%

2-2 1- ¼d½ lezkMfLe] ¼[k½ uklqjks·fLe] ¼x½ lnkfj ¼?k½ flrSo

¼³½ okfnU;fi ¼p½ dkUrsfr] ¼N½ lnkjk/;e~A

2- ¼d½ ¼i½ lnk vfje/;k] lnk 'k=w.kka e/;s fLFkrk

¼ii½ lnk ^fj* e/;k] ;L; inL; e/;s ^fj* o.kZ% fo|rs

¼[k½ ¼i½ fo".kquk] ¼ii½ lisZ.k

¼x½ ¼i½ rL; vkfno.kZ% û* ¼ii½ rL; çkjEHk% ukfLrA

¼?k½ ¼i½ rL; vUrs û* o.kZ% ¼ii½ rL; vUr% ukfLrA

¼³½ ¼i½ ;% lqj% ukfLr] jk{kl%AA ¼ii½ ;% vlwu~ çk.kku~ nnkfrA

¼p½ ¼i½ okn;rs ;r~ ok|;U=e~ ¼ii½ ô* vk|e~] ̂ o* çFkek{kj% ;L; re~A

3- fuR;a jFksu xPNkfe] v'ok% ogfUr es jFke~A

lezkMfLe] ujks ukfLe] uklqjks·fLe fu'kkpj%AA

4- ¼1½ èxkr~] flag%] iyk;ue~] ¼2½ /keZL;] Rofjrk] xfr%

¼3½ vukuklQye~] ¼4½ v'kksd%]

¼5½ lw;Z% ¼6½ lkfjdk

¼7½ oYehde~] ¼8½ u;ue~]

2-6 ikBkUriz'uk%

1- ¼d½ 'kksHkk] dk ¼[k½ Qye~] n"̀Ve~ ¼x½ viwoZ%] v;e~] n"̀V%

¼?k½ Roe~] ¼³½ ;%] ¼p½ v'ok%

2- deyykspus

3- fØ;kinkfu& gfUr] tkukfr] on] fuosn;]

4- dLrwjh] oSfj;qäk] xaxk] dhn'̀kh] dkUrk

5- rk%] vkfn%] dhn'̀kh] dk

l aLÑr e~


( i | e~)

vkj ksX; a i j ea l q[ ke~

fVIi . kh

38

3

vkjksX;a ijea lq[ke~

Hkorka x̀gs vusdkfu oLrwfu n'̀;Urs ;Fkk xSlpqYy%] lhou;U=a] rkyda uye~ bfrA ,rs"kka lE;d~ pkyuk; rSyiznkue~ vfuok;± HkofrA ,rs"kka lfU/kLFkys"kq ;fnrSya u nh;rs rnk ,rkfu lE;d~ dk;± u dqoZfUr dqf.Brkfu p HkofUrA vLekda'kjhje~ vfi ,da ;U=e~ boA dkfynklsu lR;eqDre~& ^^'kjhjek|a [kyq /keZlk/kue~A**'kjhjL; bfUnz;kf.k& ukfldk] d.kZ%] Rod~] us=s] gLrkS iknkS p lqn

39l aLÑr e~

vkj ksX; a i j ea l q[ ke~ i zFkea Lokè; k; l ksi kue~i Bue~&l a: i e~( i | e~)

fVIi . kh

fØ;kdyki%

v/k% ds"kkfkpr~ oLrwuka fp=kf.k rs"kka ukekfu p nÙkkfu lfUrA rs"kq ;RÑrs rSye~vko';da rRle{ke~ ^vke~*] ;RÑrs p rSye~ vuko';de~ rRle{ka ^uSo* fy[krA

;Fkk&

vke~@uSo vke@uSo

3-1 'kdV% ---------------------- 3-2 n.Mnhi% ----------------------

3-2 f}pfØdk ---------------------- 3-4 rkyd% ----------------------

3-5 jFk% ---------------------- 3-6 lax.kde~ ----------------------

3-7 ukSdk ---------------------- 3-8 dkj;kue~ ----------------------

3-9 uye~ ---------------------- 3-10 lhou;U=e~----------------------

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fVIi . kh

40

3-1 ewyikB%

vkjksX;a ijea lq[ke~

v= Hkofö% Kkra ;r~& ,rs"kq dkfufpr~ ;U=kf.k rSya fouk dk;± u dqoZfUr ,oeso'kjhje~ vfi rSya fouk lE;d~ dk;± u djksfrA bnkuha o;e~ ^vk;qosZns rSyenZuL;egÙoa Kkrqa ewyikBa iBke%A

fuR;a LusgknzZf'kjl% f'kj% 'kwya u tk;rsAu [kkfyR;a u ikfyR;a u ds'kk% izirfUr pAA1AA

cya f'kj% dikykuka fo'ks"ks.kkfHko/kZrsAn

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fVIi . kh

¼x½ ,rs"kka 'yksdkuka ys[kd% d%\

¼i½ dkfynkl% ¼ii½ pjd%

¼iii½ Hkkl% ¼iv½ lqJqr%

2- ^d* LrEHkL; 'yksdka'kkuka ^[k* LrEHkL; 'yksdka'kS% lg esyua dq#r&

^d* LrEHk% ^[k* LrEHk%

¼d½ fuR;a LusgknZzf'kjl% ¼i½ {k;a ;kfUrA

¼[k½ u p nUrk% ¼ii½ ewf/uZ rSyfu"kso.kkr~A

¼x½ funzkykHk% lq[ka p L;kr~ ¼iii½ f'kj% 'kwya u tk;rsA

?k½ nf̀"V% izlkna yHkrs ¼iv½ u ds'kk% izirfUr pA

¼³½ u [kkfyR;a u ikfyR;a ¼v½ e#r'pksi'kkE;frA

3- ikBa ifBRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

¼d½ --------------- f'kj% dikykuka fo'ks"ks.kkfHko/kZrsA

¼[k½ lqLi'kksZifprk³õ'p ----------------------------------- fiz;n'kZu%A

¼x½ n

l aLÑr e~


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fVIi . kh

42

inPNsn% fuR;e~ LusgknZzf'kjl% f'kj% 'kwye~ u tk;rsAu [kkfyR;e~ u ikfyR;e~] u ds'kk% izirfUr pA

vUo;% ;% fuR;a f'kjfl rSyenZue~ djksfr rL;LusgknZzf'kjl% f'kj% 'kwye~ u tk;rsA rL; u[kkfyR;e~ u ikfyR;e~] u p rL; ds'kk% izirfUrAbnkuha 'yksde~ voxPNke%A

O;k[;k&

f'kj% 'kwye~ bfr fde~\ f'kjfl ihMkA

dL; f'kj%'kwya u tk;rs\ Lusgsu rSysu vknz± f'kj% ;L; rL;A vFkkZr~ ;L; f'kj% fuR;arSysu efnZra Hkofr] rL; f'kj%ihM+k u tk;rsA

rSyknZzr;k p iqu% fda fda u Hkofr\

¼d½ [kkfyR;a] ds'kjkfgR;e~ ¼xatkiu bfr½ f'kj% ds'kjfgra u HkofrA

¼[k½ ikfyR;e~] ds'kkuka 'osro.ksZ ifjorZue~ vFkkZr~ ds'kk% 'osrk% u HkofUrA

¼x½ ds'kkuka irua p u HkofrA

Hkko%

;% euq";% f'kjfl rSykfHklspua fuR;a djksfr rL; f'kjfl ihMk u HkofrA rL; ds'kkukao.kZ% d"̀.k% ,o orZrs] 'osr% u tk;rsA rL; ds'kkuka iruefi u tk;rsA vr% vLekfHk%fuR;a f'kjfl rSykH;³õ% dj.kh;%A

'yksd%& 2

v/kquk f}rh;a 'yksda iBke%

inPNsn% cye~ f'kj% dikykuke~ fo'ks"ks.k vfHko/kZrsA

n

43l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

ds n

l aLÑr e~


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fVIi . kh

44

fo'ks"ks.kkfHko/kZrs ¾ fo'ks"ks.k $ vfHko/kZrs ¾ v $ v ¾ vk

ukS"B;ks% ¾ u $ vks"B;ks% ¾ v $ vks ¾ vkS

[kkfyR;a u ¾ [kkfYkR;e~ $ u ¾ e~ $ ¼O;atue~½ ¾ vuqLokj% ¼&a&½

{k;a ;kfUr ¾ {k;e~ $ ;kfUr ¾ e~ $ O;atue~ ¾ vuqLokj%

n

45l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

fuR; flj ij rsy yxkus ls fljnnZ ugha gksrk vkSj u gh cky lQsn gksrs gSaA fljdh gfM~M;ksa dh 'kfDr c

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fVIi . kh

46

(i) ------------------------------------------------- (v) -------------------------------------------------

(ii) ------------------------------------------------- (vi) -------------------------------------------------

(iii) ------------------------------------------------- (vii) -------------------------------------------------

(iv) ------------------------------------------------ (viii) -------------------------------------------------

4- js[kkfÄïrkfu inkfu vk/k̀R; mnkgj.kkuqlkja iz'ufuekZ.ka dq#r&mnkgj.ke~&ds'kk% u izirfUr

iz'u%& ds u izirfUr\

¼d½ f'kjl% dikykuka cya rSyenZusu vfHko/kZrsA

¼[k½ ds'kk% nh?kkZ% HkofUrA

¼x½ nUrk% {k;a u ;kfUrA

¼?k½ LusgknZzL; f'kjl% 'kwya u tk;rsA

f}rh;% va'k%

bnkuhe~ iqu% rSykH;³õL; vU;s"kka ykHkkuka fo"k;s f}rh;e~ va'ka cks/kke%A'yksd%& 4

inPNsn% bfUnz;kf.k izlhnfUr lqRod~ Hkofr p vkuue~AfunzkykHk% lq[ke~ p L;kr~ ewf/uZ rSyfu"kso.kkr~A

vUo;% ewf/uZ rSyfu"kso.kkr~ bfUnz;kf.k izlhnfUr vkuue~ p lqRod~ Hkofr lq[ke~funzkykHk% p L;kr~A

O;k[;k&

vLrq] vL; i|L; HkkokFk± foLrjs.k cks/kke%A fdaHkoUr% tkufUr&

rSyfu"kso.kkr ~ bfUn z;kf.k dhn`'kkfu HkofUr\rSyfu"kso.kkr~ bfUnz;kf.k izLkUukfu lfØ;kf.k n

47l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

v/kquk o;a ikpea 'yksda iBke% rSyenZuL; vU;ku~ ykHkku~ p cks/kke%A

'yksd%& 5

inPNsn% lqLi'kksZifprk³õ% ¼lqLi'kZ $ mifpr $ v³õ%½ p cyoku~ fiz;n'kZu%AHkofr vH;³õfuR;Rokr~ uj% vYitj% ,o pA

vUo;% vH;³õfuR;Rokr~ uj% lqLi'kksZifprk³õ% cyoku~ fiz;n'kZu% vYitj% ,o pHkofrA

^lqLi'kksZifprk³õ%* inL; dks·FkZ%\ ¼lqLi'kZ $ mifprk³õ%½ lq[ksu Li'̀;kfu ¾ dkseykfumifprkfu ¾ n

l aLÑr e~


( i | e~)


fVIi . kh

48

Hkko%

ikn;ks% rSyenZusu iknkS dkseykS cy;qDrkS ǹ

49l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

v@vk $ m@Å ¾ vks

mnkgj.k%& ¼i½ lw;Z $ mn;% ¾ lw;ksZn;%

¼ii½ egk $ ÅfeZ% ¾ egksfeZ%

v@vk $ _@_ ¾ vj~

mnkgj.k%& ¼i½ nso $ _f"k% ¾ nsof"kZ%

¼ii½ egk $ _f"k% ¾ egf"kZ%

v@vk $ y ̀¾ vy~

mnkgj.k%& ro $ yd̀kj% ¾ roYdkj%

3- iwoZ:ilfU/k%&

;fn inkUrs ,@vks o.kZ% Hkosr~ i'pkr~ ^v* gzLo vdkj% Hkosr~ rfgZ iwoZ&ij;ks%LFkkus , $ Å ¾ ^,*] vks $ Å ¾ vks bfr iwoZ:i% ,dkns'k% HkofrA vdkjLFkkusp ^·* fpàe~ iz;qT;rsA

mnkgj.k% vUrs $ vfi ¾ vUrs·fi

izHkks $ v= ¾ izHkks·=

lEkLrinkuka foxzg%

leLrinkfu foxzg% lekluke

funzkykHk% funzk;k% ykHk% "k"BhrRiq#"k%

rSyfu"kso.kkr~ rSyL; fu"kso.kkr~ "k"BhrRiq#"k%

fiz;n'kZu% fiz;a n'kZua ;L; l% cgqozhfg%

vYitj% vYik tjk ;L; l% cgqozhfg%

lqLi'kksZifprk³õ% lqLi'kkZfu mifprkfu v³õkfu ;L; l% cgqozhfg%

izR;;iz;ksx%

cyoku~ cy $ erqi~ izR;;% iq0 izFkekfoHkfDr % ,dopue~

erqi~ izR;;%

fgUnhHkk"kk;ka ôkyk* bfr vFksZ erqi~ izR;;% iz;qT;rsA êrqi~* bfr izR;;L; êr~* bfr'ks"k% HkofrA ;fn 'kCnL; vUrs v@vk Hkofr rfgZ er~ bfr LFkkus ôr~* Hkofr&

cy $ erqi~ ¾ cyor~A cyor~ inL; :ikf.k iqfYy³õs L=hfy³õs uiqaldfy³õs pnzOVO;kfu&

l aLÑr e~


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fVIi . kh

50

iq- L=h- uiqa-

cy $ erqi~ ¾ cyor~ cyoku~ cyorh cyor~

/ku $ erqi~ ¾ /kuor~ /kuoku~ /kuorh /kuor~

Jh $ erqi~ ¾ Jher~ Jheku~ Jherh Jher~

guq $ erqi~ ¾ guqer~ guqeku~ guqerh guqer~

fØ;kinkfu

izlhnfUr iz $ ln~ ¾ izlhn~ /kkrq% yV~ydkj% izFkeiq#"k% cgqopue~

L;kr~ vl~ /kkrq% fof/kfy³~ izFkeiq#"k% ,dopue~

mi'kkE;fr mi $ 'ke~ yV~ydkj% izFkeiq#"k% ,dopue~

tk;rs tu~ ¼vkReusin½ yV~ydkj% izFkeiq#"k% ,dopue~

yHkrs yHk~ ¼vkReusin½ yV~ydkj% izFkeiq#"k% ,dopue~

lkj%

f'kjfl rSyfu"kso.kkr~ bfUnz;kf.k izlUukfu HkofUrA funzk ljyr;k vk;kfrA fuR;e~vH;³õkr~ uj% cyoku~ fiz;n'kZu% p HkofrA ikn;ks% rSyenZusu iknkS n

51l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

2- mi;qDre~ mÙkja fpRok fjDrLFkkus"kq fy[kr&

¼d½ ------------------ izlkna YkHkrsA ¼HkfDr%@eqfDr%@nf̀"V%½

¼[k½ ikn;ks% rSykH;³õkr~ ---------------------------- mi'kkE;frA ¼cye~@e#r%@LFkS;Ze~½

¼x½ ewf/uZrSyfu"kso.kkr~ ------------------------- L;kr~A ¼funzkykHk%@fo|kykHk%@/kuykHk%½

¼?k½ vH;³õfuR;Rokr~ uj% ----------------------- L;kr~A ¼d'̀kdk;%@LFkwy%@cyoku~½

3- leLrinkfu jp;r&

¼d½ funzk;k% ykHk% -----------------------------------------

¼[k½ fiz;a n'kZua ;L; l% -----------------------------------------

¼x½ vYik tjk ;L; l% -----------------------------------------

¼?k½ rSyL; fu"ksOk.kkr~ -----------------------------------------

3-4 fde~ vf/kxre~ rSykH;³õsu 'kjhjk³õkfu n

l aLÑr e~


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fVIi . kh

52

vfLrA v;a xzUFk% v"VHkkxs"kq f=a'kr~Lkq v/;k;s"kq p foHkä%A xzUFks x|L; i|L; pmHk;ks% iz;ksx% dr̀%A vk;qosZn{ks=s rq v;a xzUFk% bZn'̀k% yksdfiz;% tkr% ;r~ v"VH;ka'krkCn~;ke~ ,o vL; vuqokn% vjchHkk"kk;ka tkr%A QkjlhHkk"kk;ke~ vfi vuqokn%miyH;rsA ikBs·fLeu~ izLrqr% va'k% lw=LFkkUkL; iape&v/;k;kr~ ladfyr%A

HkkofoLrkj%

rSyenZue~& u d.kZjksxk% okrksRFkk% ueU;kguqlaxzg%AuksPpS% JqfruZ ckf/k;± L;kfUuR;a d.kZriZ.kkr~AA

iknkH;³õ%& [kjRoa LrC/krk jkS{;a Je% lqfIr'p ikn;ks%Al| ,oksi'kkE;fUr iknkH;³õfu"kso.kkr~AAu p L;kn~ x̀/kzlhokr% ikn;ks% LQqVua u pAu f'kjkLuk;qladksp% iknkH;³õsu ikn;ks%A

¼[k½ Hkk"kk foLrkj%

/kkrq:ikf.k

yHk~&yV~ ydkj% ¼vkReusins½


izFke% iq#"k% yHkrs yHksrs yHkUrs

e/;e% iq#"k% yHkls yHksFks yHk/os

mÙke% iq#"k% yHks YkHkkogs yHkkegs

vl~ ¾ yV~ ydkj% ¼ijLEkSins½


izFke% iq#"k% vfLr Lr% lfUr

e/;e% iq#"k% vfl LFk% LFk

mÙke% iq#"k% vfLe Lo% Le%

vl~ ¾ fof/kfy³~ ydkj%


izFke% iq#"k% L;kr~ L;krke~ L;q%

e/;e% iq#"k% L;k% L;kre~ L;kr

mÙke% iq#"k% L;ke~ L;ko L;ke

53l aLÑr e~


fVIi . kh

vl~ ¾ y`V~ ydkj%


izFke% iq#"k% Hkfo";fr Hkfo";r% Hkfo";fUr

e/;e% iq#"k% Hkfo";fl Hkfo";Fk% Hkfo";Fk

mÙke% iq#"k% Hkfo";kfe Hkfo";ko% Hkfo";ke%

vl~ ¾ yksV~ ydkj%


izFke% iq#"k% vLrq Lrke~ lUrq

e/;e% iq#"k% ,f/k Lre~ Lr

mÙke% iq#"k% vlkfu vlko vlke

vl~ ¾ y³~ ydkj%


izFke% iq#"k% vklhr~ vkLrke~ vklu~

e/;e% iq#"k% vklh% vkLre~ vkLr

mÙke% iq#"k% vkle~ vkLo vkLe

'kCnkuka :ikf.k

gyUruiqaldfy³õe~ ¼ldkjkUr½ewy'kCn% foHkfDr% ,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~

f'kjl~ izFkek f'kj% f'kjlh f'kjkafl

eul~ f}rh;k eu% eulh eukafl

uHkl~ r`rh;k uHklk uHkksH;ke~ uHkksfHk%

ril~ prqFkhZ rils riksH;ke~ riksH;%

;'kl~ iapeh ;'kl% ;'kksH;ke~ ;'kksH;%

rstl~ "k"Bh rstl% rstlks% rstlke~

f'kjl~ lIreh f'kjfl f'kjlks% f'kjLlq

f'kjl~ lEcks/ku gs f'kj%! gs f'kjlh! gs f'kjkafl!

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54

udkjkUriqfYyax'kCnkuka :ikf.k

ewy'kCn% foHkfDr% ,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~

ew/kZu~ izFkek ew/kkZ ew/kkZukS ew/kkZu%

ew/kZu~ f}rh;k ew/kkZue~ ew/kkZukS ew/uZ%

efgeu~ r`rh;k efgEuk efgeH;ke~ efgefHk%

mpprjek/; fedi kb~; Øe l alÑre~Ñr%a ,"k% ikb;Øe% u doy jkpd% vfir hkork thouki;kxh p hkor bfr...

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