msromelta interesebis dacvislocva vedreba rmertis mimart: - sewydes bu-nebrivi kataklizmebi, magram...

msoflios axali politikur-ekonomikuri wesrigi! yvelaferi adamianis keTildReobisaTvis ! samarTlebrivi TanacxovrebisaTvis ! msoflios, mTeli qveynis mSromelebo davamkvidroT WeS- mariteba, samarTlianoba da kanonis _ konstituciis uzena- naesoba samyaroSi moazrovne arsebis _ adamianis bunebrivi SenarCunebisaTvis da mTeli Zalaufleba mivceT oTx rangiani arCevnebis meTodiT rCeulTa Soris kanonierad arCeul xelisuflebas ! Tu, am kanonis uzenaesobas ganvadidebT, pativvyofT da davemorCilebiT, rogorc saerTos, umal SevigrZnobT mis sidiadesa da keTilmyofelobas-ganusazRvrel wyalobas ka- cobriobisaTvis! Cveni: mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis `in- ternet partiis~ (saxalxo-aRmasrulebel - ganmkargulebeli organos – centraluri uzenaesi sabWo da misi centraluri organoebis: centraluri uzenaesi samarTlos, centraluri sazogadoebrivi kontrolis palatis, centraluri prokura- turis, Sinagan saqmeTa centraluri saministros, centraluri finansTa saministros, centraluri sagadasaxado saminis- ros da sagadasaxado policiis centraluri saministros) mizania `cixeebSi gvyavdes rac SeiZleba naklebi patimrebi, rogorc politikuri aseve kriminaluri~, romelic miiRweva danaSaulis-gadacdomebis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi orjer gafrT- xilebis wesis SemoRebiT, romelic ar Seexeba am konstituciis 30-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebul danaSaulebriv qmedebebs.

mSromelTa interesebis dacvis

sazogadoeba

saqarTvelos konstitucia ( alternatiuli proeqti komerntariT )

adamianTa Soriso, adamianTa da saxelmwifos Soriso da Tanabari uflebebisa da movaleobebis mqone saxelmwifoTa

Soriso ekonomikur-iuridiuli samarTali (saqarTvelos saxelmwifos TiToeuli moqalaqis saxelmZRvanelod)

Tbilisi 2020 weli

nawili I

` saqarTvelov, Sen vin mogca, Svili dasakargavi? ~. Tu am sityvas faseu- lobaTa mniSvneloba aqvs, maSin yo- velma qarTvelma unda viRvawoT yoveli qarTvelis, saqarTvelos saxelmwifos yoveli moqalaqis keTil- dReobisaTvis, rac niSnavs imas, rom momaval Taobas mivceT garantire- buli momavali - keTili, qarTuli tradiciebis gaTvaliswinebiT cxovrebis axali, qarTuli wesi ` socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, sa- marTlebrivi wyobileba ~. Cen, SegviZlia da moraluri uf- eba gvaqvs SevqmnaT cxovrebis axali, qarTuli wesi `socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTlebri- vi wyobileba~, anu moviTxovoT ada- mianTa cxovrebis ganviTarebisaTvis bunebrivi moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofileba, saarsebo minimumi da Semdeg Rirseuli cxovreba ` kanonieri Tu ukanono~ xelisuflebisagan da Sevq- mnaT (SevuqmnaT) iseTi pirobebi, rom moxdes am konstituciiT gaTvalis- winebuli adamianTa - sazogadoebis uflebaTa, TavisuflebaTa da mova- leobaTa ucilobeli Sesruleba. saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa (qarTveli eris) sayovel-Tao referendumiT miRebuli uryevi nebaa: damkvidrdes socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobileba (rac niSnavs konstituciis WeSmariti samar-Tliani kanonebis uzenaesobas mosaxleobis sakeTil-dReod, sxvaTa sicocxlis xelyofis gareSe Rirseuli, mSvidobiani Tanacxovrebis srulyofil garantiebs); ekonomikuri Tavisufleba (sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iq-neba savaldebulo saarsebo minimaluri xelfasis make-tiT gansazRvruli TviTregulirebadi dRiuri satari-fo ganakveTis daweseba, minimaluri SromisaTvis da pi-riqiT, diferencirebuli maRali anazRaureba Sesaba-misi SromisaTvis, mosaxleobis gadaxdis unarianobis ganuxreli amaRlebisaTvis, ise, rom TiToeulis inte-resebi, maT Soris mogebis miRebis bunebrioba dakmayo-filebul iqnas sxvebisagan damoukideblad, ganaTle-

bul adamianTa sul ufro srulyofili mecnierul-teqnikuri SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis safuZvelze); aseve uzrunvelyofili iqnas adamianis uflebebis, Tavisuf-lebebisa da movaleobebis gafarToeba mudmivi Ziebis safuZvelze, sayovelTaod misaRebi mcnebebis gaTva-liswinebiT; aRdgenili iqnas teritoriuli mTlianoba da saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba. iTvaliswineben, ra qarTveli eris mravalsaukunovan saxelmwifoeb-riobis tradiciebs, saqarTvelos 1921, 1978, 1991 da 1995 wlebis, moqalaqeTa da yvela partiebis mier SemuSa-vebuli, agreTve sxva qveynebis progresuli mimarTu-lebis (xalxis keTildReoba) konstituciebs, romelic ucxo ar iqneba saqarTvelos sazogadoebisaTvis da ey-rdnobian qarTuli variantiT (paritetuli komisiis mi-er) Sejerebuli konstituciis ZiriTad principebs, saq-veynod acxadeben am konstitucias. Tanamoqalaqeno ! Tu, TqvenTvis misaRebia saqarTvelos mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis mier Tqvens winaSe warmodgenili saqarTvelos saxelmwifos konstitu-ciis alternatiuli sainciativo proeqti, romelic Tqveni ZalisxmeviT SeiZleba axlo momavalSi gaxdes saqarTvelos saxelmwifos konstitucia da Tu, survi-li gaqvT gaerTiandeT am sazogadoebaSi, maSin SeavseT am wigns bolo gverdze moTavsebuli gancxadebis da avtobiografiis nimuSi da gamoagzavneT Semdeg misa-marTze: Tbilisi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .quCa . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t. 599 36 76 82; 551 08 15 82 SeniSvna: avtorTa mosazrebebi CarTulia Ria Striftis saxiT, rom farTo mkiTxvelisaTvis gasagebi iyos avtorTa mosazrebebi da suliskveTeba, romelic mimarTulia zogadad adamianTa da konkretul SemT-xvevaSi saqarTvelos mzardi mosaxleobis mzardi ma-terialuri da sulieri moTxovnilebebis maqsimalu-rad dakmayofilebisaTvis sul ufro srulyofili mecnierebisa da teqnikis safuZvelze, Rirseuli cxov-rebis miRwevisaTvis, eseigi ekonomikur-politikur re-gulirebasTan erTad prioritetulad ganixilaven in-dividis socialur problemebs.

saqarTvelos mSromelTa interesebis dacvis

sazogadoebis platforma, politikuri mimar-

Tva-mowodeba, saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mo-

saxleobisadmi, msoflios, mTeli qveynis pato-

sani mSromelebisadmi.

4

me-20 saukunis 80-90-iani wlebis, cnobili politikuri da ekonomikuri movlenebis, maT Soris sabWoTa kavSiris ara bunebrivi daSlis Sedegad ganviTarebulma qaosma da 2008 wlis agvistos movlenebma (ramac gamoiwvia damatebiTi teritoriebis dakargva. m.saakaSvilis mmarTve-lobis periodi), maSindeli da Semdgomi periodis xelisuflebis mesveurTa ara kompetenturobam, yofil sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebSi da gansa-kuTrebiT saqarTveloSi Seqmna dRevandeli um-Zimesi mdgomareoba ekonomikaSi da politikaSi. rac Zlier gvawuxebs. aqedan gamomdinare, qarTveli eris winaSe Tavs movaled vTvliT, raTa aqtiurad CavebaT qveynis ekonomikisa da politikis daregulirebis proces-Si. amitom warvdeqiT Tqvens winaSe. mogaxsenebT! - zogierT Cvens mosazrebas Sesava-lis saxiT, Tu rogor Camoyalibda cxovrebis we-sebi Cvens planetaze da ra udevs mas safuZvlad. Cvens galaqtikaSi, mimdinare globaluri cvli-lebebi xdeba bunebrivad, Tu ar CavTvliT imas rac xdeba mecnierebisa da teqnikis ganviTarebis Sedegad, bunebasTan mimarTebaSi am mecnierebisa da teqnikis ara swori gamoyenebis safuZvelze, rogoric aris me-20-e saukuneSi xerosimasa da nagasakSi atomuri energiis, iaraRis saxiT gamoyenebis Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebebi, ramac gaanadgura ramodenime aseuli kilometris radiusiT yovelgvari cocxali arseba da mcenareebi, maT Soris ramodenime aseuli aTasobiTi adamiani. ufro metic, dResac da Soreul momavalSic ar iqneba am adgilebSi bunebrivi cvlilebebi, jansaRi mcenareebisa da cocxali arsebaTa monacvleoba, maT Soris adamianebisa. bunebrivi movlenaa religiac, romelic Cai- saxa pirvelyofil adamianebSi bunebrivi kataklizmebis mimarT SiSis saxiT. ufro metic

5 SeiZleba iTqvas, dResac adamianTa goneba bo-lomde ar aris Camwvdari bunebriv cvlilebebSi ise, rom areguliros es cvlilebebi Tavisi initeresebisaTvis. dResac bunebrivi katak-lizmebi iwvevs SiSs da adamiani bunebrivad mimarTavs SiSis daZlevis iseT xerxs rogoricaa locva vedreba RmerTis mimarT: - Sewydes bu-nebrivi kataklizmebi, magram igi ar Sewydeba manam sanam iqneba amis warmomSobi qimiuri, biologiuri da sxva saxis reaqciebi. uxsovari droidan, bunebrivma cvlilebebma da im droindeli adamianTa cxovrebis moTxovnile-bebma Seqmna religia, romelic sxvadasxva eris cxovrebis wesebs gansazRvravda. yvela religia krZalavs cocxali arsebebis ga-nadgurebas, Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT im cocxal arsebebs cxovelTa da frinvelTa saxiT, romelic adamianTa gamosakvebad gamoiyeneba da agreTve zogierTi religiis mier adamianTa msxverplad Sewirvis wesebs, Tumca msoflios ci-vilizaciis Sedegad es wesi arasad ar moqme-debs. yvela religiaSi Camoyalibebuli Tezisebi, igav-arakebi da wmindanebis Tavze momxdari ambebi erTi-meorisagan bevrad ar gansxvavdebian, radganac rogorc zemoT avRniSneT, es Tezisebi, igav-arakebi da ambebi SeiTxza da qaRaldze dafiqsirda bunebrivi kataklizmebis winaSe SiSisa da adamianTa moTxovnilebebis gaTvalis-winebis Sedegad. dedamiwis civilizebul mosaxleobas gaTviT-cnobierebuli aqvs ra, samyaro Tavisi atribute-biT Seqmnili iyo bunebis mier da ganicada evo-luciuri cvlilebebi, ris Sedegadac dedamiwaze gaCnda moazrovne cocxali arseba-adamiani, rome-lic Sinagani bunebiT miiltvis Tavisi keTildRe-obisaken (cxovrebis gaumjobeseba), man Tavisi gan- viTarebisaTvis Camoayaliba cxovrebis wesebi wyo- bilebebis saxiT: pirvelyofili Temurgvarovnuli;

6 monaTmflobeluri; feodaluri; kapitalisturi da msoflios sxvadasxva adgilas da dros de-mokratiuli, saxalxo demokratiuli da socia-listuri. yvelasaTvis cnobilia, rom msoflios nebis-mieri qveynis garkveuli wreebis, egreT wodebuli elitis interesebis (msoflio teritoriebis ga-danawileba, erTi qveynis mier xelSi Cagdeba) gaT-valiswinebiT Seqmnili cxovrebis wesebis sxva qveynebisaTvis Tavze mosaxvevad gamoiyeneboda da gamoiyeneba faruli da Ria Zaladoba, ris Sedega-dac warmoiSoboda cxeli wertilebi, romelic xSirad gadazrdila masoflio omebSi. amis naTe-li magaliTia me-20-e saukunis ori msoflio omi, xerosimasa da nagasakis atomuri bombebiT mosax-leobis masiuri mospoba, saqarTvelos teritoriu-li mTlianobis xelyofa, ukve 21-e (2002w) saukuneSi avRaneTis, erayis da siriis (2011 w) aneqsia da 2008 wlis agvistos TveSi ruseTis mier meored afxazeTis teritoriis-kodoris xeobis da samxreT oseTis teritoriis, axal goris raionis mitaceba da maTi damoukideblobis cnoba 2009 wels. amerikuli lait motivis Secnobam (adgilob-rivi mosaxleobis, osebis dacva) da daviT aRmaSe-neblobis yofis survilma safuZveli misca wae-qezebina saqarTvelos prezidentis m.saakaSvili) qmedeba (Seetia ruseTis ukanonod kontrolirebad teritoriaze ). msoflios sazogadoebrivoba zneobrivad val-debulia TviTgadarCenis saxiT, uaxloes momaval-Si da Semdgom ukunisidan ukunisamde, civili-zebuli msoflios mSvidobini ganviTarebis gzaze, SeimuSaos yvela qveynisa da erisa|Tvis erTiani, mSvidobiani, Tanacxovrebis janmrTeli da samar-Tliani ZiriTadi principebi, romelic Zaladobas ar daeyrdnoba, sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba Tanabari uflebebi da movaleobebi yvela qveyni- saTvis. gamoricxuli iqneba xelovnurad damaxin-

7 jebuli kanonebis gamoyenebis Sedegad mosaxle- obisaTvis (mSromelebisaTvis) tyuilis Tqma, iyos WeSmariti samarTliani kanonis konstituciis uze-naesoba, sadac Zalaufleba eqneba xalxs, xolo xelisufleba ki xalxis davalebiT, oTx rangiani arCevnebis meTodiT kanonierad arCeul saxalxo, aRmasrulebel - ganmkargulebel organos da mis struqturas, Seiqmnas axali damwerloba, ena da kultura (romelic xelmisawvdomi iqneba yvela qveynis xalxebisaTvis da ar Selaxavs arcerTi qveynis erovnul damwerlobas, enasa da kultu-ras) imisaTvis, rom ar moxdes ara bunebrivi kataklizebiT-atomuri bombebis afeTqebebiT, zogierTi qveynebis ambiciebis Sedegad urTierT- ganadgureba. damwerloba da ena erTmaneTs unda Seesabame-bodes, eseigi rogorc gamoiTqmeba bgerebiT im-denive asoTa raodenobiT unda iwerebodes, qon-des martivi gramatika da asoTa grafika (aq, yu-radsaRebia is faqti, rom arabul, aziur-iaponia-CineTi, evropul da dasavleTis inglisur enovan erebSi erT sityvas sxvadasxva mniSvneloba gaaC-nia winadadebaSi, agreTve erTi sityviTi bgeris gamosaTqmelad werilobiT formatSi gamoiyeneba ori an meti aso), an Seiqmnas iseTi kompiuteruli sistema sadac SesaZlebeli iqneba nebismieri eni-dan Targmna nebismier enaze, rom msoflios far-To sazogadoeba pirveladi wyaroebidan swrafad gaecnos sxvadasxva qveynis istorias, kulturas da mimdinare msoflio problemaTa Sinaarss. damwerlobis, enisa da kulturis SeqmnisaTvis mowveuli unda iqnes yvela kontinetis eris war-momadgenlebi miuxedavad asakis, ganaTlebis, sar-wmunoebisa da socialuri mdgomareobisa. samarTlebrivi Tanacxovrebis wesis SemuSave-bisaTvis aseTi midgoma Seqmnis erTgvarovan mo-sazrebas xalxis keTildReobis gaumjobesebis principebze da amis niadagze Seiqmneba yvelasaT-vis misaRebi -Sejerebuli, mSvidobiani Tanacxov-

8 rebis janmrTeli da samarTliani wesi. mSvidobiani Tanacxivrebis wesis SemuSavebaSi nebayofilobiTi monawileobis miReba da Semdgom am wesis nebayofilobiTi danergva msoflios yve-la qveynis cxovrebaSi, erTaderTi swori gzaa msoflio civilizaciisa. samarTlebrivi, mSvidobiani Tanacxovrebis erTiani axali wesis momxreebi iqnebian isini vinc mowadinebulia Tavisi keTilsindisieri SromiT mopovos is ekonomikuri faseulobani, romelic adamianis bunebrivi civilizaciis SenarCunebi-saTvisaa saWiro, xolo mowinaaRmdegebi iqnebian isini romelTac am faseulobebis moxveWis gzad miaCniaT agresia, Zaladoba da adamianTa eqsploa-tacia, aferistoba da korufcia. samarTlebrivi Tanacxovrebis wesi mudam cva-lebadia, igi SigadaSig ganicdis cvlilebebs mo-saxleobis zrdasTan erTad, am mosaxleobis mzardi materialuri da sulieri moTxovnile-bebis maqsimalurad dakmayofilebis uzrunvelyo-fis niadagze. konstitucia - ( samarTlebrivi cxovrebis wesi ) da misi kanonebi maqsimalurad unda iyos gaSli-li ise, rom naTlad Candes TiToeuli kanonis ZiriTadi mimarTuleba ( zogierT SemTxvevaSi ana-logiuri magaliTebis moyvaniT-programis Cade-biT), romelic xalxis keTildReobis maqsimalu-rad gamjobesebisaTvis unda iyos mimarTuli. aseTi samuSao programis-kanonproeqtis – kon-stituciis proeqtis gatana referendumze da mi-Reba, gamoricxavs xalxis motyuebas-SecdomaSi Se-yvanas zogierTi politikosebisagan, politikuri organizaciebisagan, raTa xalxma namdvilad air-Cios iseTi warmomadgenlebi xelisuflebaSi, rom-lebic Rirseulni iqnebian da warmatebiT gana-xorcieleben xalxis mier arCeul gzas `sazoga-doebis yvela wevris-saqarTvelos mzardi mosax-leobis, mzardi materialuri da sulieri moT-xovnilebebis maqsimalurad uzrunvelyofa ekono-

9 mikaSi da politikaSi, sul ufro srulyofili mecnierebisa da teqnikis safuZvelze ~. zogadad, rogorc zemoT avRniSneT, samarTleb-rivi Tanacxovrebis wesis miReba da danergva sa-xelmwifoSi uzrunvelyofs adamianTa keTildRe-obis gaumjobesebis principebze erTgvarovnad moazrovneTa dajgufebas, rogorc sazogadoebaSi ise xelisuflebaSi umravlesobad, romelic sa-windari iqneba saxelmwifos ekonomikuri da po-litikuri krizisidan gamoyvanisa da Semdgom sa-mudamod Tavidan acilebisa. rogor gvesaxeba Cven erovnuli, socialurad daculi sabazro ekonomika: praqtikulad, erovnu-li, socialurad daculi sabazro ekonomika, mTe-li sameurneo cxovrebis sakuTari erovnuli in-teresebisadmi damorCilebas niSnavs, sadac saer-Tod gamoricxulia adamianTa fizikuri da ekono-mikuri eqsploatacia, politikur-ekonomikuri, mo-raluri da sulieri gakotreba. yovel qveyanaSi bunebrivi simdidris gamoye-nebisa da biznesis (warmoebis) sferos marTvaSi obieqturad arsebobs specifikuri, istoriulad Camoyalibebuli ekonomikuri da erovnuli Tavise-burobani. amitom ar aris gonivruli ekonomikuri urTierTobis ageba da miTumetes dRes (2020 w) moqmedi sabazro meurneobis gzebis dasaxva eris yofiTs TaviseburebaTa gauTvaliswineblad. efeqturad funqcionireba SeuZlia mxolod iseT ekonomikur meqanizms `erovnuli, socialu-rad daculi sabazro ekonomika~ romelic pa-suxobs rogorc pirovnebis: erTis mxriv damqira-vebelis (saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtoris kapita-listi) ise meores mxriv daqiravebulis (muSaTa klasi, glexoba, daqiravebuli inteligencia), aseve zogadad daakmayofilebs eris miswrafebebs materialur da sulier moTxovnilebebze sxva erebisgan damoukideblad, sxvisi sicocxlis xel-yofis gareSe mSvidobiani Tanacxovrebis principe-bis dacviT.

10 saqarTvelos saxelmwifo unda axorcielebdes damoukidebel erovnul, socialurad dacul eko-nomikur politikas, unda marTavdes meurneobas ise, rom warmatebiT ganaxorcielos gafarToebu-li aRwarmoeba mzardi mosaxleobis mzardi moT-xovnilebebis Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyos mosaxle-obis yovelmxrivi ganviTarebis pirobebi. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos erovnuli, socialu-rad daculi ekonomikuri damoukideblobis mi-zania saqarTvelos saxelmwifos socialur-eko-nomikuri ganviTarebis mudmivoba, kerZod: mosax-leobis uzrunvelyofa erovnuli, ekologiurad sufTa sasursaTo da arasasursaTo da sayofac-xovrebo servisiT, samedicino momsaxureobiTa da ganaTlebiT (ufaso, saxelmwifo seqtorSi da fa-siani, kerZo seqtorSi), iseTi realuri xelfase-biTa da pensiebiT, romelTa syidviTunarianobisa gamo SesaZlebeli gaxdeba saxelmwifoSi gamoS-vebuli produqciis fuladi gamosaxulebiT kvlavwarmoebaSi dabruneba (rac gamoricxavs in-vesticiebis imports an minimumamde Seamcirebs mas gardamaval periodSi). man unda daicvas qarTveli eris prioriteti sakuTar istoriul teritoria-ze, bunebrivi simdidre, kulturuli tradiciebis memkvidreobiToba. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos ekonomikuri damo-ukidebloba (sazRvargareTis investiciebis gare-Se) xels Seuwyobs eris potencialis ganviTare-basa da misi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobaTa maqsi-malur gafarToebas, saqarTvelos bunebrivi gare-mos aRdgeniTi SesaZleblobebis SenarCunebasa da humanuri ekologiuri mdgomareobis gafarToebas. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo unda axorcielebdes damoukidebel sameurneo politikas sameurneo an-gariSis meTodiT, kerZo, kerZo koleqtiuri da saxelmwifo sakuTrebaze dayrdnobiT, romlis pi-robebSiac saxelmwifos xarjebi daifareba biuje-tis gadasaxadisa da miznobrivi sagadasaxado ga-dasaxadebis Semosavlebisa da saxelmwifo seq-

11 torSi arsebuli sawarmoebis mier miRebuli moge- biT, igi unda iTvaliswinebdes agreTve saxelmwi-fisaTvis aucilebeli rezervebis Seqmnasac. saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokra-tiuli, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos kanonmdeblo-bis Sesabamisad sawarmoTa TviTdafinanseba, TviTanazRaureba da TviTmarTveloba saxel-mwifos erovnuli, socialurad daculi, sabazro ekonomikis funqcionirebis safuZveli iqneba. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sazRvargareTis qvey-nebTan sameurneo saqmianobas unda amyarebdes da aregulirebdes urTierTxelsayreli xelSekrule-bebis safuZvelze. saxelmwifo teritoriaze gan-lagebuli yvela saxis sawarmo, dawesebuleba da organizacia, miuxedavad misi daqvemdebarebisa da samarTlebrivi formisa, valdebulni unda iyvnen saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mosaxleobis umravle-sobis surviliT miRebuli gadawyvetilebis, kon-stituciis kanonebisa (cxovrebis wesebisa) da kanonmdeblobis winaSe. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sameurneo ekonomi-kuri urTierTobebi unda emyarebodes Semdeg prin-cipebs: _ sagareo vaWrobis sferoSi kargaxsnilobas da sazRvargareTis qveynebTan Tanabaruflebian part-niorobas import-eqsportis tolobiT; _ sakuTrebis formaTa mravalferovnebas (kerZo, kerZo koleqtiuri da saxelmwifo sakuTreba), sa-kuTrebis yvela formis Tanasworobas da maTi sa-marTlebriv dacvas; _ mewarmeobis Tavisuflebis uzrunvelyofas socialurad daculi Sromis gaTvaliwinebiT da erovnuli, socialurad daculi sabazro meur-neobis yovelmxriv ganviTarebas, sasaqonlo-fu-lad urTierTobebis gafarToebas; _ socialurad daculi Sromis Tavisuflebas; _ sameurneo saqmianobis warmarTva saqarTvelos saxelmwifos normatiuli aqtebidan gamomdinare ekonomikuri regulirebis meTodiT (rac gulis-

12 xmobs faswarmoqmnis axal, SemdgomSi bunebrivi faswaroqmnis sistemas, sadac gaTvaliseinebulia mogebis savaldebulo daricxva saqarxno - sabaJo TviTRirebulebaze araumetesi 50 %-isa, gawonasworebuli myari sabiTumo da sacalo-sabazro fasebis Sesaqmnelad an piriqiT, sabazro ekonomikis moqmedebisas sacalo-sabazro fasebi-dan sabiTumo da saqarxno-sabaJo TviTRirebule-bis gasaangariSeblad ukukalkulaciis meTodis gamoyenebas. amasTanave 2020 wlisaTvis moqmedi dRg-s, aqcizis da mogebis gadasaxadebis gauqmebas da mis nacvlad erTi gadasaxadis `biujetis gada-saxadis~ dawesebas, romelic savaldebulo wesiT dasaricxi mogebis 25 %-s ar unda aRematebodes da sxva miznobrivi gadasaxadebis dawesebas. aseve gulisxmobs saSemosavlo gadasaxadis gauqmebas da mis nacvlad `deputatis Senaxvis~ gadasaxadis dawesebas, romelic daricxuli xelfasis 888.17 laris 7.8 %-s an xelze gasacemi Tanxis 573.69 laris 12.08 %-s ar unda aRematebodes; winaswar SemuSavebuli savaldebulo saarsebo minimaluri xelfasis maketis moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT gaangariSebuli dRiuri satarifo ganakveTiT Sromis raodenobisa da xarisxis anazRaurebis axal sistemas, rac iTvaliswinebs mosaxleobis syidviTunarianobis ganuxrel aRmavlobas Rirseuli cxovrebis miRwevamde, miuxedavad saqarTveloSi da msoflioSi moqmedi inflaciisa; diferencirebuli, SeRavaTiani kreditebis gacemas saxelmwifo bankidan, kerZo da saxelmwifo seqtoris sawarmoebisaTvis; subsidiebis gacemas mxolod saxelmwifo seqto-ris arasawarmoo organizaciebisaTvis da samxed-ro mrewvelobisaTvis; biznes gegma angariSgebebis sayovelTao savaldebulo Sedgensa da wardgenas Sesabamis zemdgom organoebSi) kerZo seqtoris sa-warmoTa saqmianobaSi Caurevlad; _marTvis saxelmwifoebrivi centraluri da adgilobrivi organoebis dainteresebas sayovelTao

13 savaldebulo saxelmwifo gadasaxadebis: biujetis gadasaxadisa da miznobrivi sagadasaxado Semosavlebidan Sesabamisad 25 da 75 procente-bis odenobiT maTi biujetebis Sevsebas. – saSemo-savlo gadasaxadis sanacvlod xelfasis fondi-dan deputatis Senaxvis gadasaxadiT savaldebu-lo dabegvris dakanonebas, rac iZleva damate-biT mosaxleobis cxovrebis donis amaRlebas, ram-denadac deputatis xelfasis sidide avtomaturad damokidebuli iqneba mosaxleobis xelfasis sidi-deze. aqedan gamomdinare deputatebi Seecdebian rom TavianT saarCevno adminictraciul terito-riebze maqsimalurad iyos dasaqmebuli Sromisu-nariani mosaxleoba da gamomdinare aqedan ekono-mikuri potencialis gadidebas, romelic Seqmnis damatebiT xelfasis fonds, rogorc deputate-bisaTvis ise mosaxleobisaTvis. da amiT deputa-tebisa da CinovnikTa pasuxismgeblobis amaRlebas saxelmwifos politikurad da ekonomikurad CixSi Seyvanaze. saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokra-tiuli, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos Tavisufle-ba, ekonomikuri damoukidebloba SesaZlebelia mxolod gansazRvrul politikur, samarTlebriv da sameurneo pirobebSi, romelsac iTvaliswinebs mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis mi-er SemuSavebuli saqarTvelos saxelmwifos kon-stituciis alternatiuli proeqti da sakanon-mdeblo normatiuli aqtebi. romeli iqneba marTveli organo, romelic uzrunvelyofs axal cxovrebas saqarTveloSi? `mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoeba~ (an `gaerTianebuli opozicia, erovnuli mentali-tetiT~), es iseTi organizacia iqneba, romlis idea ` saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mzardi mosax-leobis mzardi materialuri da sulieri moTxov-nilebebis maqsimalurad dakmayofileba, WeSmariti samarTliani konstituciuri kanonis uzenaesobis safuZvelze ~ gaaerTianebs saqarTvelos saxel-

14 mwifos iurisdiqciiT kontrolirebad da arakon- trolirebad teritotiaze arsebul partiul da upartio moqalaqeebs, miuxedavad maTi mrwamsisa da religiuri Sexedulebebisa, darazmavs maT mzardi mosaxleobis mzardi materialuri da sulieri moTxovnilebaTa maqsimalurad dakmayo-filebisaTvis, saxelmwifos ayvavebisaTvis. yoveli sazogadoeba Tu politikuri gaerTia-neba iqmneba xalxis mier da unda emsaxurebodes xalxs. am principisgan gamomdinare mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoeba moemsaxureba xalxs, sruli am sityvis mniSvnelobiT. sazogadoeba Tavisi wevrebis meSveobiT Seqmnis teritoriuli marTvelobis iseT wess, romelic erTiani da misaRebi iqneba saqarTvelos saxel-mwifoSi arsebuli yvela eTnikuri kuTxisaTvis-Tanabari uflebebisa da movaleobebis qveynebi-saTvis ~kavkasiis-msoflios, socialurad daculi, demoratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis qveyne-bis gaerTianeba~, sadac gaerTianebis subieqtebs centralur xelisuflebaSi (rogorc saxalxo sa-kanonmdeblo, ise aRmasrulebel xelisuflebaSi) Tanabari uflebebi da movaleobebi eqnebaT. sazogadoeba, mTel Tavis saqmianobaSi ixel-mZRvanelebs Tavisi programiTa da amocanebiT, rom Camoyalibdes saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi so-cialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTleb-rivi wyobileba, srulyofili gaxados igi mTeli sazogadoebis ( msoflio civilizaciis ) Semdgo-mi winsvlisa da qveynis (qveynebis) ayvavebisaT-vis, sul ufro srulyofili saqarTvelos da msoflios mecnierebisa da teqnika-teqnologie-bis gamoyenebis gaTvaliswinebiT. sazogadoebis cxovrebis SemoqmedebiTi kanoni iqneba: ideuri da centristul organizaciuli erTianoba, yvela wevris (pirebis) Tavisufleba – Segnebuli discipliniT, aqtiuroba, samarTliani kritika da TviTkritika farTo sajaroobis sa-fuZvelze. sazogadoeba ganTavisufldeba im pire-

15 bisagan vinc daarRvevs sazogadoebis programas da wesdebas, Tavisi saqcieliT miuRebeli iqne-ba sazogadoebisaTvis. sazogadoeba daicavs mSromelTa yovelgvar interesebs, ibrZolebs adamianis mier adamianis rogorc fizikuri ise ekonomikuri eqsploata-ciis winaaRmdeg, sazogadoeba iqneba msoflio, so-cialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTleb-rivi wyobilebis Semadgeneli nawili. xels Se-uwyobs socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, sa-marTlebrivi wyobilebis Camoyalibebas, am wyobi-lebis saqarTvelos saxelmwifos cxovrebaSi ga-tarebiT. solidarobas ucxadebs msoflios maSta-biT erovnul ganmanTavisuflebel moZraobas. ix. mux. 80. mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoeba xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg gardaiqmneba ara samTavrobo politikur organizaciad, romlis sa-moqmedo programa iqneba xelisuflebaSi mosvli-saTvis gamoyenebuli kanonTa krebuli-saqarTve-los saxelmwifoSi Catarebuli saerTo saxalxo referendumze miRebuli qveynis konstitucia da mudmivad opoziciaSi iqneba mis mierve arCeuli-daniSnuli da Semdeg am kanonTa krebulis Sesaba-misad oTx rangiani arCevnebis meTodiT kanoni-erad arCeuli xelisuflebis winaSe, romelic momavalSi Secvlis dReisaTvis ( 2020 w ) saqar-TveloSi umoqmedod arsebul saqarTvelos res-publikis profesiul kavSirebs. amiT, mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazoga-doeba iZleva uprecedento magaliTs, rom Seiqmnas ara partiuli niSniT, aramed upartio, mxolod-damxolod maJoritar deputatebisgan Semdgari sa-xalxo sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel – ganmkar-gulebeli organo `centraluri uzenaesi sabWo~. dRevandeli cxovrebis moTxovnileba saWiro-ebas iTxovs Seiqmnas erTiani, mSvidobiani Tanac-xovrebisaTvis cxovrebis axali wesi -konstituci-is saxiT samuSao programa, sadac TiToeuli ka-

16 noni Zirfesvianad moemsaxureba da gaiTvaliswi- nebs adamianTa Soris, adamianTa da saxelmwifos Soris, Tanabari uflebebisa da movaleobebis mqone saxelmwifoTa Soris samarTlianobas, ada-mianis uflebebis, Tavisuflebebis da movaleobe-bis WeSmaritebis dadgenasa da ganxorcielebas. axali cxovrebis wesis-konstituciis SemuSa-vebisaTvis da cxovrebaSi ganxorcielebis uzrun-velsayofad mizan Sewonili iqneba, saqarTvelos ekonomikuri da politikuri mimarTulebis CixSi Seyvanaze pasuxismgebloba ( gadayeneba-pasuxisge-baSi micema ) ekisros erT centralur saxalxo sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel - ganmkargulebel organos ` centralur uzenaes sabWos ~agreTve aucilebel saWiroebas iTxovs: 1. saqarTvelos mosaxleobis, politikuri par-tiebis, sazogadoebebis, sxva arasamTavrobo or-ganizaciebis mier SemuSavebuli cxovrebis wesebi-dan erTerTis amosarCevad an Sejerebuli varian-tis Sesaqmnelad, paritetul sawyisebze Seqmnili komisiis mier SerCeul iqnas iseTi konstituciis alternatiuli proeqtebi, romlebic xels Seuw-yoben xalxis keTildReobis gaumjobesebis saq-mes da gatanil iqnas sayovelTao referendumze gansaxilvelad. 2. konstituciis proeqtSi xazgasmiT Candes adamianTa, sazogadoebis keTildReobisaTvis ka-nonTa uzenaesoba, mkacri kanonebis gamoyeneba Ca-denili danaSaulTa mimarT, im movlenaTa ugul-vebelsayofad romelic adamianis genebSi arse-bobs-piradi ekonomikuri mdgomareobis gaumjobe-seba kanonis gverdis avliT, eseigi sxva adamianTa ubedurebis xarjze; 3. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos da msoflios mosaxleobas gaewios agitacia da damtkicebul iqnas msoflios civilizaciis winaSe cxovrebis axali qarTuli wesis `socialurad daculi, de-mokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis~ upirate-soba, patiosani Sromis piradi magaliTebis, Tavi-

17 si eris keTildReobis maqsimalurad gaumjobesebis xarjze, sxva xalxebis sicocxlis xelyo-fisa da yovelgvari eqsploataciis gareSe; 4. pariosani Sroma da simarTlis Tqma waxa-lisebul iqnas rogorc es gaTvaliswinebulia mids-is konstituciis 48-e muxlsa da me-15 TavSi `saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mudmiv moqmedi, TviT-regulirebadi-koreqtirebadi naerTi biujeti~. 5. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos moqalaqem valde-bulebis saxiT icodes da icavdes saqarTvelos konstitucias; 6. am konstituciis proeqtis kanonebis aRia-rebisaTvis, faqtobrivad arsebuli xelisuflebis mier pasuxisgebaSi micemuli pirebi da maTi oja-xebi, politikurad da ekonomikurad reabilitire-bulni iqnan saxelmwifos mier, ganurCevlad eri-sa da sarwmunoebrivi Sexedulebebisa, xelisuf-lebis saTaveSi mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis mosvlis Semdeg; 7. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo Sevides msoflios iseTi qveynebis kavSirSi, romlebic saqarTvelos saxelmwifos cxovrebis axal, qarTul wess-kon-stitucias, xalxTa cxovrebis normad miiCneven, gansakuTrebiT ruseTTan mimarTebaSi 78-e muxlis safuZvelze da iTanamSromlos msoflios nebis-mier qveyanasTan ekonomikur urTierTobaSi par-tniorobis principiT, Sesabamisi ormxrivi xel-Sekrulebis safuZvelze. Cven, didi imedi gvaqvs saqarTvelos saxelmwi-fos socialuri mimarTulebis mosaxleobis didi umravlesobis Tanadgomisa (msoflios maStabiT mosaxleobis didi umravlesoba, 95 % socialuri mimarTulebisaa), raTa gadaiWras eris keTildRe-obisaTvis, cxovrebis mier motanili moTxovnile-baTa Sesabamisad SemuSavebuli gegmis (naerTi biznes gegma angariSgebis safuZvelze Sedgenili) ganxorcieleba, romelsac iTvaliswinebs Cvens mi-er warmodgenili samuSao programa-konstituciis proeqti.

18 ras gulisxmobs axlo momavalSi, Cvens mier warmodgenili, mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sa-zogadoebis platforma-saqarTvelos saxelmwifos konstituciis alternatiuli proeqti ? aRniSnulis Taobaze, mogaxsenebT mokle komen-tars: msoflios axlandeli da saqarTvelos sa-xelmwifoSi dRevandeli umZimesi ekonomikuri, po-litikuri da teritoriuli krizisis Rrma anali-zidan gamomdinare, mTeli sazogadoebisaTvis da mTlianad saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mosax-leobisaTvis mniSvnelovani amocana is aris, rom sazogadoeba da xalxi erTdroulad mTeli sig-rZe siganiT Caebas cxovrebis yvela sferoSi. rogor gvesaxeba es Cven ? saqarTvelos sa-zogadoebam unda aRadginos saqarTvelos saxel-mwifos ekonomikuri, politikuri da teritoriu-li erTianoba, socialurad daculi, demokratiu-li, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis dafuZnebiT, sadac saqarTvelos saxelmwifos istoriulad kuTvnil kuTxeebs, iurisdiqciis qveS da droebiT (1991-2020ww.) iurisdiqciis gareSe myofT eqnebaT Tana-bari uflebebi da movaleobebi saqarvelos sa-xelmwifos centralur saxalxo sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebl-ganmkargulebel xelisuflebaSi. amisaTvis saWiroa, uciloblad Sesruldes ze-moT CamoTvlili Svidive sakiTxi, eseigi pirvel rigSi Seiqmnas paritetul (Tanabar warmomadgen-loba administraciul-teritoriuli erTeulebi-dan) sawyisebze saarCevno sareferendumo komisia da dainiSnos pirveladi arCevnebi, oTxrangiani arCevnebis meTodiT rogorc es gaTvaliswinebu-lia am konstituciis me-10 TavSi. ix. mux. 263. Cven, gvinda dagarwmunoT: - da, es asec iqneba, oTx rangiani wesiT arCevnebis Catareba ara nak-leb 1 000-jer nakleb saarCevno kompaniis xar- jebs moiTxovs, vidre es faqtobrivi xelisufle-bis mier daniSnuli arCevnebis dros ixarjeba (m. saakaSvilma aRiara, rom marto 2008 wlis 5 ia-nvris saprezidento arCevnebSi, TavianTi voiaJebis

19 CaTvliT daixarja 1.5 miliardi lari, albaT am-denive daixarjeboda 2008 wlis 21 maisis sapar- lamento arCevnebSi). ufro metic, amis naTeli magaliTia deputatobis kandidatisaTvis saban-ko angariSebis gaxsna, raTa Caricxul iqnas indi-videbidan 30 000 laramde, Ria korufciis saxiT, romelic aseve warmoadgens sias faruli koruf-ciis aRsaricxavad. es saakaSvilis Tanamedrove xriki iyo SevardnaZisagan gansxvavebiT. mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis mier oTx rangiani meTodiT Catarebul arCevnebSi deputatobis kandidatebs sakuTari Tanxebis xar-jva ar dasWirdebaT, saaCevno kompaniis sivrcis Semcirebis gamo, rac niSnavs am kuTxiT koruf-cia minimumamde iqneba dayvanili. yvela qveyanaSi arCevnebis CatarebisaTvis, gan-sakuTrebiT did qveynebSi ixarjeba miliardobiT Tanxebi, romelsac biujetTan aranairi Sexeba ara aqvs, xolo xelisufsuflebaSi mosvlis SemTxve-vaSi iwyeba am Tanxebis amoReba korufciis saSua-lebiT, eseigi Cven oTx rangiani arCevnebis meTo-dis gamoyenebiT ZirSive movuRebT bolos koruf-ciis elementebs. ratom ar funqcionirebs antimonopoliuri samsaxuri? prezident m.saakaSvilis sayvareli sityva iyo `korufcia~, magram am kuTxiT mas araferi ar ga-ukeTebia, imitom rom m.saakaSvilTan erTad mosu-li xelisuflebis maRali eSelonis warmomadgen-lebi ( maT Soris adgilobrivi TviTmarTveli or-ganoebisa ) dakavebulni iyvnen biznesiT saxalxo meurneobis dargebis da dargTaSoris xelmZRva-nelebTan erTad, rac maT mier Semotanili (m.S.

investiciebi), eseigi importul saqonelze monopo-liuri fasebis zrdis ZiriTadi wyaro iyo. ra

Tqma unda miRebuli kolosaluri mogeba maT ji-beebSi ileqebaoda. igive meTodiT imuSava

ivaniSvilma Tavis premierobis dros , Semdgom mis mierma daniSnulma prezidentma g.margvelaSvilma,

20 i. RaribaSvilma, kvirikaSvilma da baxtaZem, igives imeorebs moqmedi prezidenti s.zurabiSvili da gamoricxuli ar aris igive meTodiT imuSaos axalma premier ministrma giorgi gaxariam. eseigi prezident SevardnaZis droindeli saxelmwifos marTvis egreT wodebuli Ddemokratiuli sistemiT, radganac mas marTavs miliardeli ivaniSvili da rogorc mogexsenebaT kapitalistur samyaroSi kapitalisturi demokratiiT miliardebma unda Svas miliardebi, maTTvis, visic aris es miliardebi. mids-is meTodiT arCevnebis CatarebiT Camoya-libdeba saxelmwifo mmarTvis iseTi forma ` socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobileba~, romelic uzrunvelyofs saxalxo sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel-ganmkargulebeli or-ganos `centraluri uzenaesi sabWos~ muSaobasTan erTad saxelmwifo mmarTvis erTian procesSi: presis, sasamarTlo organoebis . . .(ix.236 muxli) da sazogadoebis yvela fenis (ix.159-e muxlis CamonaTvali) CarTvas, sadac yvelas daekisreba Sesabamisi funqciebi da rac mTavaria yvela ran-gis arCevnebi xeisuflebis yvela doneze iZleva imis saSualebas, rom sazogadoebis (deputatTa korpusis) mier ndobiT aRWurvili pirebi, sazo-gadoebaSi damsaxurebis, amomrCevelTa neba-sur-vilis Sesabamisad darCes politikaSi arCeulTa Soris rCeulebi, arCevnebSi monawile deputato-bis kandidatebidan pirveli sami ukeTesi procen-tuli maCveneblebis mqone kandidati. ix. mux. 274/16-e; 289-e. aseve, mosaxleobas ganviTarebisa da mzardi moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofilebis uzrun-velyofis Tanabari pirobebi da SesaZleblobani eqnebaT. ix.mux.48-e;49-e. moxdeba arsebuli kanonebis gadaxedva, ix. mux. 23-e;mux.227-e;mux.342-e, SemuSavdeba axali sakadro politika. Seiqmneba myari samarTlebrivi baza sa-zogadoebis formirebisaTis, moxdeba Zalovani struqturebis reorganizacia ix.mux.236-e;.240-e;241-e;

21 242-e;243-e;244;249-e;258-e, sagamoZiebo sistemis re-forma ix.Tavi me-6, mux.106/3-e;109-e; 109/14-e; 112-e; 126-e;127-e; 128-e, samarTlianobis safuZvelze Seicvle-ba peniticialuri-sasjel misjilTa sasjelis aRsrulebis sistema, ix.mux. 245-e, zemoT aRniS-nuli sferoebi uzrunvelyofili iqneba Tanamed-rove materialur-teqnikuri baziT da am sferoe-bis dRevandeli cxovrebis moTxovnilebis done-ze funqcionirebisaTvis gamoyofili iqneba saxel-mwifos centraluri mudmiv moqmedi, TviTreguli-rebadi–koreqtirebadi biujetidan 4.2 miliardi lari. ix. mids-is konstituciis alternatiuli proeqtis 549 gv. II; III; XXII; XXV sakiTxi; Tvisobrivad sruliad axleburad gaizrdeba advokaturis roli da funqcia Cvens sazogado-ebaSi-rogorc kanonis uzenaesobisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erTerTi organo, saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTleb-rivi wyobilebis saxelmwifoSi. ix.mux.237-e. ganxorcieldeba aRmasrulebeli struqturis reforma, romelic uzrunvelyofs saxelmwifo aparatis efeqturobas, koordinaciasa da maq-simalur sajaroobas, rac mTavaria axali sistema yovelmxriv gaiTvaliswinebs ukukavSirs sazoga-doebasTan – mosaxleobasTan. ix.mux. 145; 97; 97/1;98; 336; 337; 337/1. Tavisi patiosani SromiT da saqmiani Tvisebe-biT cnobili adamianebi, yvela pirobas Seqmnian imisaTvis, rom saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela qarTveli da ara qarTveli darwmundes misi uf-lebebisa da Tavisuflebebis garanti aris saqar-Tvelos socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, sa-marTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifo ( da ara er-Teuli pirovnebebi), imdagvarad, rom erovnuli umciresobaTa uflebebis ganxorcieleba ar ewi-naaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos saxelmwifos suve-renitets, mis teritoriul mTlianobas, ekonomi-kur da politikur damoukideblobas, eseigi erov-nuli umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebi saqarTve-

22 los saxelmwifos centralur da adgilobriv xe-lisuflebis arCevnebSi monawileobas ar miiRe-ben. isini monawileobas miiReben centraluri xe-lisuflebis arCevnebSi erT mandatiani warmo-madgenlobiT, rodesac maTi istoriuli qveyana da saqarTvelos saxelmwifo iqneba gaerTianebu-li rogorc politikurad ise ekonomikurad, Ta-nabari uflebebisa da movaleobebis mqone gaer-Tianebad da am qveynebis centralur xelisufle-baSi qarTuli diaspora warmomadgeneli iqneba erTi mandatiT. ix.mux.78-e. adamianTa uflebaTa da movaleobaTa gacxa-debasTan erTad gacxadebuli iqneba, gaxarjuli Sroma adamianisa fizikuri Tu gonebrivi anaz- Raurebul iqnas produqciis, saqonlis sacalo-sarealizacio-sabazro fasebiT realizaciis Sede-gad Semosuli da mosalodneli Tanxis 35 %-mde, savaldebulo saarsebo minimaluri xelfasis sa-xiT ( am kuTxiT xelfasis da sxva ganacemebis sa-xiT da pensiis saxiT saxelmwifo da kerZo seq-torSi gacemuli iqneba 65 miliardi lari (ix.gv.520 pirveli abzaci), romelic aranair gadasaxads ar daeqvemdebareba, garda Svebule-bisa da sapensio fondebis Seqmnisa da deputatis Senaxvis gadasaxadisa.ix.mux.93-e), saarsebo mini-maluri xelfasis maketiT gansazRvruli, TviTre-gulirebadi dRiuri satarifo ganakveTis dakano-nebis bazaze (ix.gv.555), miuxedavad sawarmos orga-nizaciul samarTlebrivi formisa, romelic sa- kuTrebis uflebasTan erTad erTerTi ZiriTadia (radganac is kerZo skuTrebis Seqmnis ZiriTad wyaros warmoadgens) adamianis uflebaTa Soris da uzrunvelyofs, moxsnas is dapirispireba-an- tagonisturi winaaRmdegoba, romelic bunebri-vad arsebobs yvela warmoebiT urTierTobebSi: kapitalistur, demokratiul da socialisturSi, garda socialurad dacul, demokratiul, samar-Tlebrivi wyobilebis warmoebiT urTierTobisa. ix.mux.43-e;48-e;47-e;26-e. es imas niSnavs, rom saxel-

23 mwifo uqmnis mosaxleobas garantirebul socia-lur pirobebs Rirseuli cxovrebis misaRwevad. amasTan erTad gacxadebuli iqneba moqalaqeTa dasvenebis ufleba, romelic gulisxmobs xuT dRiani samuSao kviris dawesebas, 40 saaTiani sa-muSao reJimiT, xuT saaTiani Sesvenebis CaTvliT. ix.mux.90-e; 91-e; mux.95-e. Zirfesvianad Seicvleba produqciaze da saqo-nelze faswarmoqmnis politika da aqedan gamomdi-nare sagadasaxado politikac, romelic gadam-wyvet rols Seasrulebs socialurad daculi sabazro ekonomikis gamarTvaSi.ix.mux.53-e;331-i; 331/1-i; 331/2-e da mux. 330-e. es imas niSnavs, rom saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtorSi gamoSvebuli produqciis TviTRirebu-leba danaxarjebis ekonomikuri elementebis mi-xedviT gaangariSebuli iqneba axali meTodiT, fa-sebis saxelmwifo komitetis mier, socialurad daculi samamulo sabazro meurneobis dargebi-saTvis Semdegnairad (aq procentebs pirobiTi mniSvneloba aqvs da is praqtikul cxovrebaSi moiTxovs mecnierul dasabuTebas, eseigi unda moxdes maTi diferenciacia dargebis mixedviT ): I. mecxoveleobisa da soflis meurneobis

mrewvelur sawarmoebSi, saqarxno TviTRire-

buleba mogebis daricxvis gareSe:

1. ned.masal.mc.fas.da swr.cv.sagnebi saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 45 %. 2.ZiriTadi xelfasis fondi (konst. 48 mux.sa-fuZvelze) saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 35% an ned.masal.mc.fas.da swr.cv.sagnebis 77.78 % (e.i. 35%:40%); a) muSebis xelfasi (mtvirTavebis CaTvliT) 70 % muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 85 %-ze; b) i.t.p.da mosamsaxureebis xelfasi 30 % muSak-

24 Ta saerTo raodenobis 15 %-ze; 3. transportis xarji, sawvavis CaTvliT saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 5 % an ned. masal.mc.fas. da swr.cv. sagnebis 11.11 % (e.i.5%:45 %); 4. ZiriTadi saSualebebis wliuri amortiza-cia sabalanso Rirebulebis 9.6 % (remontisaTvis an modernizaciisaTvis). Tu amortizaciis wliuri norma saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 1%-ze naklebia an metia, maSin xarjebis procentuli limitis ganawileba 100 %-mde regulirdeba `sxvadasxva xarjebis~ 9 %-is Semcirebis an gazrdis Sedegad, ise rom maTi jami ar aRematebodes 10 procents. 5. elenergia - saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 5 % an ned.masal.mc.fas. da swr.cv.sagnebis 11.11% (e.i.5 %:45 %); 6. sxvadasxva xarji (saamqro, saerTo saqarxno, reklamis, usafrTxoebis teqnikisa da Sromis dacvis, mivlinebis da sxva) saqarxno TviTRirebule-bis 9 %, romelic tolia ned. masal.mc.fas. da swr.cv. sagnebis 20 %-sa (e.i. 9%:45%) mimatebuli an gamoklebuli me-4 sakiTxis safuZvelze amorti-zaciis Sedegad miRebuli ekonomiis an gadaxar-jvis procenti, ise rom maTi jami ar aRematebodes 10 procents. II. soflis meurneobis sawarmoebSi (m.S.

mecxoveleobaSi) produqciis sabiTumo TviT-

Rirebuleba Sesdgebodes iqneba, produqciis sa-

qarxno TviTRirebulebisagan da daricxuli mo-

gebisagan, mogeba ganisazRvreba saqarxno TviT-

Rirebulebis 25 %-is odenobiT, am 25%-Si Tavs

iyris sawarmoo danaxarjebze axali Tvisebri-

vobis miniWebis Sedegad miRebuli mogeba da

produqciis sabiTumo fasebiT realizaciasTan

dakavSirebuli xarjebi, maT Soris biujetis

gadasaxadi 12,5 % da damatebiTi xelfasis fon-

di daricxuli mogebis 35 %-is odenobiT.

ix.mux.331.

25

socialurad daculi sabazro meurneobis dar-gebis mrewveluri sawarmoebis,maT Soris savaWro, sayof.servisi, ind mewarmeebis (romlebic daqi-ravebul Sromas iyeneben) da sazkvebis sawarmoe-bis mier gamoSvebuli produqciis sabiTumo fasebiT realizaciis Sedegad mosalodneli-daricxuli mogeba nawildeba Semdegnairad: 7. sabiTumo realizaciasTan dakavSirebul komerciul xarjebze daricxuli mogebis 20 %, maT Soris (elenergiaze 5 %, amortizaciaze 1 %, Sromis dacvaze 2 %, transportze 5 %, sakancelarioze, 2 %, mivlinebaze 2 % da sxva 3 %); 8. mids-is konst. 330/6/1 mux. Sesabamisad sawarmoSi dasaqmebul muSakTa damatebiT xelfasebze 35 % (yovelTviuri premiis saxiT) 48/1 mux.safuZvelze saqarxno TviTRirebulebaze daricxuli 25 %-i mogebidan (saqarxno TviTRirebulebaSi daricxuli ZiriTadi xelfasebis proporciulad): a). muSebis xelfasi (mtvirTavebis CaTvliT) 70 % ( muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 85 %-ze): b). i.t.p-s xelfasebze ( muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 15 %-ze 9. biujetis gadasaxadze mids-is konst. 330 mux-lis 1 qvemuxlis safuZvelze mTliani mogebis 2.5 %-s an saqarxno TviTRirebulebaze 25 %-is ode-nobiT daricxuli mogeba-fasdanamatis 12,5 %. aqe-dan 25 % gadairicxeba centraluri biujetis Se-sasebad, xolo 75 %-i adgilobriv biujetSi; 10. mesakuTres fondze, konstituciis - mids-is konst. 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze (xar-jebSi gaweuli ekonomiidan 50 %); 11. damatebiTi xelfasebis, biujetis gadasaxadisa da produqciis warmoebaze gaweul danaxarjebSi miRebuli ekonomiis Tanxis ( mids-is konst. 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze) gadaxdis Semdeg darCenili mogeba (daricxuli- mTliani mogebis 32.5 %) gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva

26 fondebis Sesaqmnelad, romelic Sedgeba sami nawilisagan: a. warmoebis ganviTarebis fondi sawarmos sxva-dasxva fondis 10 % (romelic gamoyenebuli iqneba ZiriTadi saSualebebisa da sabrunavi saxsrebis Sesavsebad ); b. mesakuTres fondze (dividendi xelfasis saxiT)-sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 10 % (sa-xelmwifo seqtorSi es Tanxa gamoyenebuli iqneba bunebrivi zaralis dasafaravad an sxva miznebi-saTvis); g. sxva saWiroebaTa fondze-sawarmos sxvadas-xva fondis 80 % (konst. 48 muxlis safuZvelze me-13-e xelfasebis, premiebis, sawarmoo pensiebis, sagzurebis, bunebrivi zaralis dafarvis, bankis sesxis sargeblis - procentis dasafaravad da sxva saWiroebisaTvis. g.a. me-13-e xelfasze sxva saWiroebaTa fondis 50 %; g.b. mxolod saxelmwifo sawarmoebisaTvis 1985 wlidan dRemde fuladi erTeulis reformis da kursTa sxvaobis Sedegad mosaxleobisaTvis mi-yenebuli zaralis dasafaravad sawarmos sasar-geblod darCenili mogebis 5 %-is odenobiT, ese-igi mosaxleobis anabrebis reabilitaciisaTvis). 12. gaunawilebeli mogeba pirdapir gadairicxeba biujetSi, xolo kerZo seqtorSi CaiTvleba dividendendebad. III. soflis meurneobis sawarmoebSi (m.S. mec-xoveleobaSi) adgilobrivi warmoebis produq-

ciaze (sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fasi

Sedgebodes iqneba produqciis sabiTumo TviT-

Rirebulebisagan da daricxuli mogebisagan. mo-

geba ganisazRvreba sabiTumo TviTRirebulebis

20%-is odenobiT, am 20 %-Si Tavs iyris

produqciis sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fa-

sebiT realizaciasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi,

maT Soris biujetis gadasaxadi 25 % da Ziri-

Tadi xelfasis fondi daricxuli mogebis 35%-

27

is odenobiT. ix.mux.331/2-e.

socialurad daculi sabazro meurneobis dar-gebis sawarmoebis mier gamoSvebuli produqciis SeZenisa da sazRvrebs garedan Semoziduli saqon-lis sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fasebiT rea-lizaciis Sedegad mosalodneli-daricxuli moge-ba nawildeba Semdegnairad: 1. savaWro organizaciebSi dasaqmebuli muSakTa ZiriTad xelfasebze 48 muxlis safuZvelze da-ricxuli mogebis 35 %, maT Soris: muSebis xel-fasad 70 % (mtvirTavebis CaTvliT) muSakTa saer-To raodenobis 85 %-ze da meore 30 % i.t.p. da mosamsaxureebis xelfasad muSakTa saerTo raode-nobis 15 %-ze; 2. biujetis gadasaxadze midi-is konst. 330-e muxlis 3-e da 4-e qvemuxlebis safuZvelze mTlia-ni Semosavlis 4.166667 %-s an sabiTumo TviTRire-bulebaze 20 %-is odenobiT daricxuli mogeba-fasdanamatis 25 %. aqedan 25 % gadairicxeba cen-traluri biujetis Sesavsebad, xolo 75 %-i adgi-lobriv biujetSi; 3. mesakuTres fondi, midi-is konst. 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze (xarjebSi gaweuli ekonomiidan 50 %); ZiriTadi xelfasebis, biujetis gadasaxadis, sawarmos sxvadasxva fondebSi da produqciis warmoebaze gaweul danaxarjebSi miRebuli eko-nomiis Tanxis (midi-is konst. 330/8-e da 330/9-e mux-lebis safuZvelze) gadaxdis Semdeg darCenili mogeba nawildeba Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT: 4. damxmare masalebze, daricxuli mogebis 4 %; 5. ZiriTadi saSualebebis wliuri amortizacia, ZiriTadi saSualebebis sabalanso Rirebulebis 9.6% (ZiriTadi saSualebebis remontisaTvis an modernizaciisaTvis); Tu amortizaciis wliuri norma daricxuli mogebis 1%-ze naklebia an metia, maSin xarjebis procentuli limitis ganawileba 100 %-mde regu-

28 lirdeba `sxvadasxva xarjebis~ 5 %-is Semcirebis an gazrdis Sedegad, ise rom maTi jami ar aRema- tebodes 6 procents. 6. transportis xarjze sawvavis CaTvliT, da-ricxuli mogebis 5 %; 7. el.energiis xarjze–daricxuli mogebis 5 %; 8. sxvadasxva xarjze (saamqro, saerTo saqar-xno, reklamis, sakancelario da sxva) daricxuli mogebis 5 % da mimatebuli an gamoklebuli me-8 sakiTxis safuZvelze amortizaciis Sedegad miRebuli ekonomiis an gadaxarjvis procenti, ise rom maTi jami ar aRematebodes 6 procents; 9. sawarmos sasargeblod darCenili mogeba (daricxuli-mTliani mogebis 20 % ) gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva fondebis Sesaqmnelad, romelic Sed-geba sami nawilisagan: a. warmoebis ganviTarebis fondi - sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 10 % ( romelic gamoyenebuli iqneba ZiriTadi saSualebebisa da sabrunavi sax-srebis Sesavsebad ); b. mesakuTres fondi ( dividendi xelfasis sa-xiT) - sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 10 % (sa-xelmwifo seqtorSi es Tanxa gamoyenebuli iqneba bunebrivi zaralis dasafaravad an sxva mizne-bisaTvis ); g. sxva saWiroebaTa fondze sawarmos sasargeblod darCenili mogebis 80 % (konst. 48 muxlis safuZvelze me-13-e xelfasebis, premiebis, sawarmoo pensiebis, sagzurebis, bunebrivi zaralis dafarvis, bankis sesxis sargeblis - procentis dasafaravad). g.a. me-13-e xelfasze sxva saWiroebaTa fondis 50 %; g.b. mxolod saxelmwifo sawarmoebisaTvis 1985 wlidan dRemde fuladi erTeulis reformis da kursTa sxvaobis Sedegad mosaxleobisaTvis mi-yenebuli zaralis dasafaravad sawarmos sasar-geblod darCenili mogebis 5 %-is odenobiT, eseigi mosaxleobis anabrebis reabilitaciisaTvis).

29 D10 gaunawilebeli mogeba pirdapir gadairicxeba biujetSi, xolo kerZo seqtorSi CaiTvleba dividendebad. IV.mrewvelur sawarmoebSi produqciis sa-qarxno TviRirebuleba mogebis daricxvis gare-

Se.

1. ned.masal. mc.fas.da swr.cv. sagnebi saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 45%. 2. ZiriTadi xelfasis fondi (konst.48 mux.safuZvelze) saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 35% an ned. masal. mc. fas. da swr.cv. sagnebis 77,78 % (e.i. 35%: 45%). maT Soris a) muSebis xelfasi (mtvirTavebis CaTvliT) 70 %-i muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 85 %-ze; b) i.t.p. da mosamsaxureebis xelfasi 30 %-i muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 15 %-ze; 3. transportis xarji, sawvavis CaTvliT sa-qarxno TviTRirebulebis 5 % an ned. masal. mc. fas.da swr.cv. sagnebis 11.11% (e.i.5%:45%); 4. ZiriTadi saSualebebis wliuri amortizacia sabalanso Rirebulebis 9.6 % (ZiriTadi saSua-lebebis remontisaTvis an modernizaciisaTvis). Tu amortizaciis wliuri norma saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 1%-ze naklebia an metia, maSin xarjebis procentuli limitis ganawileba 100 %-mde regulirdeba `sxvadasxva xarjebis~ 9 %-is Semcirebis an gazrdis Sedegad, ise rom maTi jami ar aRematebodes 10 procents. 5. elenergia-saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 5 % an ned.masal.mc.fas. da swr.cv.sagnebis 11.11 % (e.i. 5%:45 %); 6. sxvadasxva xarji (saamqro, saerTo saqarxno, reklamis, usafrTxoebis teqnikisa da Sromis dac-vis, mivlinebis da sxva) saqarxno TviTRirebu-

30 lebis 9 %, romelic tolia ned.masal. mc.fas.da swr.cv.sagnebis 20 %-sa (e.i.9%:45%) mimatebuli an gamoklebuli me-4 sakiTxis safuZvelze amor-tizaciis Sedegad miRebuli ekonomiis an gadaxarjvis procenti, ise rom maTi jami ar aRematebodes 6 procents. V. mrewvelur sawarmoebSi produqciis

sabiTumo TviTRirebuleba Sesdgebodes iqneba,

produqciis saqarxno TviTRirebulebisagan da

daricxuli mogebisagan, mogeba ganisazRvreba

saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 25 %-is odenobiT,

am 25%-Si Tavs iyris sawarmoo danaxarjebze

axali Tvisebrivobis miniWebis Sedegad miRe-

buli mogeba da produqciis sabiTumo fasebiT

realizaciasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi, maT

Soris biujetis gadasaxadi 25 % da damatebiTi

xelfasis fondi daricxuli mogebis-35 %-is

odenobiT. ix.mux.331/1.

socialurad daculi sabazro meurneobis dar-gebis sawarmoebis mier gamoSvebuli produqciis SeZenisa da sazRvrebs garedan Semoziduli saqon-lis sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fasebiT rea-lizaciis Sedegad mosalodneli-daricxuli moge-ba nawildeba Semdegnairad: 7. sabiTumo realizaciasTan dakavSirebul komerciul xarjebze daricxuli mogebis 20 %, maT Soris (elenergiaze 5 %, amortizaciaze 1 %, Sromis dacvaze 2 %, transportze 5 %, sakan-celarioze, 2 %, mivlinebaze 2 % da sxva 3 %); 8. mids-is konst. 330/6/1 mux. Sesabamisad sawar-moSi dasaqmebul muSakTa damatebiT xelfasebze 35 % (yovelTviuri premiis saxiT) 48/1 mux.safuZ-velze saqarxno TviTRirebulebaze daricxuli 25 %-i mogebidan (saqarxno TviTRirebulebaSi daric-xuli ZiriTadi xelfasebis proporciulad): a). muSebis xelfasi (mtvirTavebis CaTvliT) 70

31 % ( muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 85 %-ze): b). i.t.p-s xelfasebze ( muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 15 %-ze 9 biujetis gadasaxadze midi-is konst. 330 muxlis 2 qvemuxlis safuZvelze mTliani mogebis 5 % an saqarxno TviTRirebulebaze 25 %-is ode- nobiT daricxuli mogeba-fasdanamatis 25 %. aqe-dan 25 % gadairicxeba centraluri biujetis Sesavsebad, xolo 75 %-i adgilobriv biujetSi; 10. mesakuTres fondi, midi-is kon-st. 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze (xarjebSi gaweuli ekonomiidan 50 %); 11. damatebiTi xelfasebis, biujetis gadasaxa-disa da produqciis warmoebaze gaweul danaxar- jebSi miRebuli ekonomiis Tanxis ( midi-is konst. 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze) gadaxdis Semdeg darCenili mogeba (daricxuli-mTliani mogebis 20 %) gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva fondebis Sesaqmnelad, romelic Sedgeba sami nawilisagan: a. warmoebis ganviTarebis fondi-sawarmos sxva-dasxva fondis 10 % (romelic gamoyenebuli iqneba ZiriTadi saSualebebisa da sabrunavi saxsrebis Sesavsebad ); b. mesakuTres fondi ( dividendi xelfasis saxiT ) - sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 10 % (sa-xelmwifo seqtorSi es Tanxa gamoyenebuli iqn-ba bunebrivi zaralis dasafaravad an sxva miz-nebisaTvis ); g. sxva saWiroebaTa fondi-sawarmos sxvadas-xva fondis 80 % (konst. 48 muxlis safuZvelze me-13-e xelfasebis, premiebis, sawarmoo pensiebis, sagzurebis, bunebrivi zaralis dafarvis, bankis sesxis sargeblis-procentis dasafaravad da sxva saWiroebisaTvis. g.a. me-13-e xelfasze sxva saWiroebaTa fondis 50 %; g.b. mxolod saxelmwifo sawarmoebisaTvis 1985 wlidan dRemde fuladi erTeulis reformis da kursTa sxvaobis Sedegad mosaxleobisaTvis mi-

32 yenebuli zaralis dasafaravad sawarmos sasar-geblod darCenili mogebis 5 %-is odenobiT, ese-igi mosaxleobis anabrebis reabilitaciisaTvis). 12. gaunawilebeli mogeba pirdapir gadairic-xeba biujetSi, xolo kerZo seqtorSi CaiTvleba dividendebad.

VI. adgilobrivi warmoebis produqciaze, sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fasi Sesdgebo-

des iqneba produqciis sabiTumo TviTRirebu-

lebisagan da daricxuli mogebisagan, mogeba

ganisazRvreba sabiTumo TviTRirebulebis 20 %

- is odenobiT, am 20 %-Si Tavs iyris produq-

ciis sacalo sarealizacio - sabazro fasebiT

realizaciasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi, maT

Soris biujetis gadasaxadi 25 % da ZiriTadi

xelfasis fondi daricxuli mogebis 35 %-is

odenobiT. ix.mux.331/2-e.

socialurad daculi sabazro meurneobis dar-gebis sawarmoebis mier gamoSvebuli produqciis SeZenisa da sazRvrebs garedan Semoziduli sa-qonlis sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fasebiT realizaciis Sedegad mosalodneli - daricxuli mogeba nawildeba Semdegnairad: 1. savaWro organizaciebSi dasaqmebuli muSak-Ta ZiriTad xelfasebze 48 muxlis safuZvelze daricxuli mogebis 35 %. maT Soris: muSebis xelfasad (mtvirTavebis CaTvliT) 70% (muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 85 %- ze) da meore 30 % i.t.p. da mosamsaxureebis xelfasad (muSakTa saerTo raodenobis 15 %-ze); 2. biujetis gadasaxadze midi-is konst. 330-e muxlis 3-e da 4-e qvemuxlebis safuZvelze mTlia-ni Semosavlis 4.166667 % an sabiTumo TviTRire-bulebaze 20 %-is odenobiT daricxuli mogeba-fasdanamatis 25 %. aqedan 25 % gadairicxeba centraluri biujetis Sesavsebad, xolo 75 % adgi-

33 lobriv biujetSi; 3. mesakuTres fondi, midi-is konstituciis 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze ( xarjebSi gaweuli ekonomiidan 50 % ); ZiriTadi xelfasebis, biujetis gadasaxadis, sawarmos sxvadasxva fondebSi da produqciis warmoebaze gaweul danaxarjebSi miRebuli eko-nomiis Tanxis (midi-is konst. 330/8-e da 330/9-e muxlebis safuZvelze) gadaxdis Semdeg darCenili mogeba nawildeba Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT: 4. damxmare masalebze, daricxuli mogebis 4 %; 5. ZiriTadi saSualebebis wliuri amortizacia, ZiriTadi saSualebebis sabalanso Rirebulebis 9.6% (ZiriTadi saSualebebis remontisaTvis an mo-dernizaciisaTvis); Tu amortizaciis wliuri norma daricxuli mogebis 1 %-ze naklebia an metia, maSin xarjebis procentuli limitis ganawileba 100%-mde regu-lirdeba `sxvadasxva xarjebis~ 5 %-is Semcirebis an gazrdis Sedegad, ise rom maTi jami ar aRema- tebodes 6 procents. 6. transportis xarjze sawvavis CaTliT, daricxuli mogebis 5 %; 7. el.energiis xarjze–daricxuli mogebis 5 %; 8. sxvadasxva xarjze (saamqro, saerTo saqar-xno, reklamis, sakancelario da sxva) daricxu-li mogebis 5 % da mimatebuli an gamoklebuli me-8-e sakiTxis safuZvelze amortizaciis Sedegad miRebuli ekonomiis an gadaxarjvis procenti, ise rom maTi jami ar aRematebodes 6 procents; 9. sawarmos sasargeblod darCenili mogeba (da-ricxuli-mTliani mogebis 20 %) gamoiyeneba sxva-dasxva fondebis Sesaqmnelad, romelic Sedgeba sami nawilisagan: a. warmoebis ganviTarebis fondi - sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 10 % (romelic gamoyenebuli iqneba ZiriTadi sa.Sualebebisa da sabrunavi sax-srebis Sesavsebad ); b. mesakuTres fondi ( dividendi xelfasis

34 saxiT ) sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 10 % ( saxelmwifo seqtorSi es Tanxa gamoyenebuli iqneba bunebrivi zaralis dasafaravad an sxva miznebisaTvis); g. sxva saWiroebaTa fondi-sawarmos sxvadasxva fondis 80 % (konst. 48 muxlis safuZvelze me-13-e xelfasebis, premiebis, sawarmoo pensiebis,sagzu-rebis, bunebrivi zaralis dafarvis, bankis sesxis sargeblis-procentis dasafaravad da sxva saWi- roebisaTvis. g.a. me-13-e xelfasze sxva saWiroebaTa fondis 50 %; g.b. mxolod saxelmwifo sawarmoebisaTvis 1985 wlidan dRemde fuladi erTeulis reformis da kursTa sxvaobis Sedegad mosaxleobisaTvis mi-yenebuli zaralis dasafaravad sawarmos sasargeblod darCenili mogebis 5 %-is odenobiT, eseigi mosaxleobis anabrebis reabilitaciisaTvis. 10. gaunawilebeli mogeba pirdapir gadairic-xeba biujetSi, xolo kerZo seqtorSi CaiTvleba dividendebad. socialurad daculi samamulo sabazro meur-neobis dargebis, saxelwifo da kerZo seqtoris iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebis mier sazRvrebs garedan Semotanili an adgilze Sesyiduli saqon-lis Semomtani, myidveli, realizatori awarmoebs savaWro daricxvas mogebis saxiT, magram es da-ricxvebi sacalo sarealizacio-sabazro fasis gansazRvrisas ar unda aRematebodes saqarxno TviTRirebulebis 50 %-s. ix. midi-is konst.mux.53-e. Zirfesvianad Seicvleba sagadasaxado poli-tika. ix.mux.330-e da am muxlis qvemuxlebi. axali sagadasaxado politikis ganxorcielebisaTvis ZiriTadi sakiTxebi zemoT ukve dasaxelebulia, rogoricaa: socialurad daculi Sromis Tavisuf-leba da saarsebo minimaluri xelfasis gacemis savaldebulo saxiT dakanonebis gancxadeba; axa-li faswarmoqmnis politikis SemoReba; arsebuli saSemosavlo gadasaxadis ix.mux.93, aqcizis, da-

35 matebuli Rirebulebis gadasaxadis, mogebis ga-dasaxadis da sxva ara saWiro gadasaxadebis nac-vlad erTi gadasaxadis `biujetis gadasaxadis~ daweseba. ix.mux. 330-e, romelic aranakleb mniS-vnelovania mniSvnelovani sakiTxebidan. erTi gadasaxadis-biujetis gadasaxadis dawe-seba, xels Seuwyobs sagadasaxado samsaxurebis muSaobis gamartivebas, amaRlebs mis operatiul muSaobis xarisxs, moculobas da mosaxleobi- saTvis ufro meti piradi Semosavlebis miRebas, aseve am kanonis WeSmariti samarTlianoba stabi-lurs gaxdis biujetis Semosavlis Sevsebas. ix. mux.332; 333;334; 335-e. da warmoebiT procesSi TviT-regulirebadi - koreqtirebadi dRiuri satarifo ganakveTis dakanonebasTan erTad moixsneba yo-velgvari winaaRndegoba msoflio sawarmoo Zal-Ta ganviTarebasa da warmoebas Soris, darCeba mxolod problema warmoebiTi procesidan miRebu-li saqonlis, produqciis realizaciisa da am momentis dadgoma niSnavs msoflios civilizaciis umaRles fazaSi Sesvlas, rac TavisTavad niSnavs msoflio uzrunvelyofili iqneba materia-lur-teqnikuri baziT (saWiro saqonlis siuxviT), harmoniuli cxovrebisaTvis. aseve mniSvnelovani sakiTxia biujetis gadam-xdelTa Soris, maT mierve gancxadebebis saxiT warmodgenili wliuri, kvartalebad dayofili biznes gegma angariSgebis ZiriTad maCveneblebis SesrulebaSi axali meTodiT Sejibrebis mowyoba, romelic kidev erT damatebiT SesaZleblobas iZ-leva Rirseuli cxovrebis misaRwevad. SemdgomSi Sejibrebis es meTodi cxovrebis moTxovnilebad gadaiqceva. ix. midi-is konst. mux.337-e da am mux-lis qvemuxlebi. dRevandeli realobidan gamomdinare, saqarTve-los saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtoris warmoeba-da-wesebulebebis da individualuri mewarmeebis mier wliuri, kvartalebad dayofili biznes gegma an-gariSgebis saxiT gakeTebuli gancxadebebis da

36 zemoT aRniSnuli wesebis gacxadebis safuZvelze saxelmwifo SeimuSavebs qveynis ekonomikur – po-litikuri ganviTarebis grZelvadian da erT wlian antikrizisul programas, romelic mzardi mosaxleobis mzard materialur da sulier moT-xovnilebebs maqsimalurad daakmayofilebs. ix.mux.320; 321; 322-e; mux.337-e. aqedan gamomdinare saxelmwifo biujeti erTi adamianis saarsebo minimumis (2019 wlis dekembrSi arsebuli maRali inflaciis periodSi pirobiTad Seadgens 888.17 lars) gaTvaliswinebiT Seadgens 37.7 miliard lars, xolo saxelmwifo sawarmoTa Semosavlebis CaTvliT 138.2 miliard lars.ix.gv.502.$. IV da gv.548. zemoT aRniSnuli meTodebiT Sedgenili ekono-mikuri programa (sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba erTi adamianis saarsebo minimumi-888. 17 lari, m.S. xelze gasacemi 573.69 lari da ojaxze qarTuli cnobiereba, TiToeuli ojaxis-colqmari da ori bavSvi 18 wlis asakamde uzrunvelyofa oTxmagi saarsebo minimumiT, ojaxis ori wevris xelfasiT. ix.mux.49.), WeSmariti ekonomikuri politikis prog-rama iqneba saxalxo sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrule-bel–ganmkargulebeli xelisuflebisaTvis. eseigi saqarTvelos saxelmwifos ekonomikuri sistemis safuZveli iqneba socialurad daculi samamulo sabazro meurneoba, romlis funqcionirebis ZiriTadi principi iqneba Tavisufali Sroma da socialuri uflebeis garantia (TviTreguli-rebadi-koreqtirebadi dRiuri satarifo ganakve-TiT xelfasis gacemiT). sakuTrebis mravalfe-rovneba da konkurencia.ix.mux. 35-e da 36-e. ekonomikuri sistema daefuZneba sakuTrebis ker-Zo, kerZo koleqtiur da saxelmwifo sakuTrebas. ix.mux.37-e. socialurad daculi samamulo sabazro meur-neobis pirobebSi moqalaqeebs eqnebaT bazris ar-Cevis SesaZlebloba, eseigi saxelmwifoSi iar-sebebs ori an meti erTidaigive dasaxelebis ba-

37 zari, gansakuTrebiT strategiuli mniSvnelobis dargebSi, rogoricaa: saxelmwifos puriT moma-ragebis, elenergiis, bunebrivi da Txevadi gazis, wyliT, sawvav sacxebi masalebiT momaragebis da sxva dargebSi. saxelmwifo Tavis Tavze iRebs pasuxismgeblo-bas, rom kerZo struqturis mier romelime dar-gis bazris monopoliis SemTxvevaSi saswrafod Seqmnas antimonopoliuri bazari, romelic kon-kurencias gauwevs kerZo struqturas. gamomdinare aqedan, saxelmwifoSi gamoricxuli iqneba sabo-loo monopolia, romelic fasdaudebel samsa-xurs gauwevs, nebismieri bazris produqciaze, sa-qonlze myari, dabali fasebis Seqmnas-faswarmoq-mnas da erovnuli valutis syidviT unarianobis stabilurobis politikas. eseigi saxelmwifo ara-sodes ar gaimetebs Tavis moqalaqes da mewarmes dasaRupavad-gasakotreblad. Cvens qveyanas aqvs yvela resursi mosaxleobis Rirseuli cxovrebis misaRwevad, mxolod resur- sebis racionalurad gamoyenebis, WeSmaritad sa-marTliani gzaa mosaZebni, romelTa Soris erTer-Ti da SeiZleba erTaderTic iyos mids-is mier Se-muSavebuli da Tqvens winaSe warmodgenili saqar-Tvelos saxelmwifos konstituciis alternatiu-li proeqti sazogadoebis samuSao programa, Tu iqneba politikuri keTili neba xelisuflebisa da survili socialurad orientirebuli mosax-leobisa, da mxardaWerili saerTo saxalxo refe-rendumze. viTvaliswinebT, ra Cvens samuSao programaSi sazogadoebis azrs. ix. midi-is konst. mux. 155-e, Cven kargad gvesmis, rom referendumze gatanili konstituciis alternatiul proeqtebSi momavali gegmebis (programebis) gauTvaliswinebloba iwvevs cnobierebis vakums, rac imas niSnavs, rom xalxi ar iqneba gaTviTcnobierebuli Tu ra saxis ka-nons, momavals unda dauWiros mxari xalxma. eseigi xalxi brmad ar unda endobodes mis mier

38 arCeul pirebs kanonis miRebaSi, dawesebaSi. gvinda SevexoT sxva socialur sferoebsac, SeZlebisdagvarad mokled: piraduli, socialuri uflebebis garantia, pi-radi biujeti-xelfasi, pensia, finansiuri daxmare-ba da sxva, sakmarisi ar aris qveynis saerTaSori-so imijis-socialuri uflebebis garantiebisaT-vis, misi materialur-teqnikuri bazis SeqmnisaT-vis. gamnmdinare aqedan, saxelmwifos grZelvadian gegmaSi da programaSi gaTviliswinebuli iqneba: `prixvatizaciis~-privatizaciis samarTlian for-maSi dabruneba `samamulo sabazro (saxalxo) me-urneobis maStabiT (ix.mux.45-e;45/1-i;45/2-e), am obieq-tebisaTvis Tavisi daniSnulebis SgZlebisdagva-rad aRdgenis `gaTvaliswinebiT. saxelmwifos xarjze reabilitacia-aRdgena gau-keTdeba yvela ufaso janmrTelobis kerebs, Ta-namedrove materialur-teqnikuri bazis uzrun- velyofiT (ix.mux.96-e). am sistemaze miuxedavad organizaciul samar-Tlebrivi formisa dawesebuli iqneba saxelmwi-fos mier mkacri kontroli, xolo farmako- logiis sistema mTlianad saxelmwifo seqtorSi iqneba moqceuli. ix.mux.96/1;96/2. aseve reabilitacia gaukeTdeba yvela ufaso swavla-ganaTlebis, mecnierebisa da kulturis sistemis obieqtebs. yu- radReba iqneba gamaxvilebuli swavla-ganaTle-baze erovnuli kuTxiT, sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba msoflios Tanacxovrebis moTxovnebi swav-lebis yvela dargSi. ix.mux.99-e; 100-e; 101-e. yuradRebis centrSi iqneba, saxelmwifoSi weswyobilebis ganviTareba-ganmtkicebis mizniT sityvisa da presis Tavisufleba. ix.mux. 103-e; 104-e; 104/1-i; 104/2-e; 104/3-e; 105-e. yuradRebis centrSi iqneba sindisis Tavi-sufleba, rom ar moxdes romelime aRmsareblobis mier SuRlisa da siZulvilis gaRviveba, samoqala-qo mSvidobis, moqalaqeTa uflebebis da Tavisuf-

39 lebebis xelyofa. ix.mux.107-e;109-e da am muxlis qvemuxlebi. saxelmwifo kurirebas gauwevs da daicavs ojaxs, yovelives iRonebs mravalSviliani, jan-mrTeli da urRvevi ojaxis SeqmnisaTvis. ix.mux. 108-e da am muxlis qvemuxlebi. saxelmwifo gansakuTrebul yuradRebas dauT-mobs im pirTa janmrTelobis sakiTxebs da socialur problemebs, romelTac janmrTeloba dakarges saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi intere-sebis dacvis dros. ix. gv. mux. 134-e; 135-e. vfiqrobT, rom socialur sferoebze komenta-ris gakeTeba araris saWiro, radganac es sakiT-xebi qvemoT `mids-is~ konstituciis alternatiul proeqtSi Zirfesvianad muxlobrivad gvaqvs asaxuli. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo, saSinao da sagareo politikur saqmianobaSi ixelmZRvanelebs mids-is mier SemuSavebuli saqarTvelos saxelmwifos ka-nonmdeblobiT, romelic gulisxmobs sxva saxel- mwifoebis saSinao saqmianobaSi Caurevlobas, Za-lis an Zalis muqaris gamouyeneblobas, saxel-mwifoTa Soris mSvidobian TanamSromlobas, Ta-nacxovrebas da saerTaSoriso samarTlis prin-cipebs. ix. mux. me-60-e. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo axali arCevnebis dadgomamde an cxovrebis moTxovnisamebr referendumze gaitans saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi erov-nuli niSnebiT avtonomiuri respublikebisa da olqis mowyobis sakiTxs da Sesabamisad Sedegisa gamoscems dekrets, saqarTvelos respublikis sa-qarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifod gar-daqmnis Sesaxeb. ix.mux.145-e. saxelmwifoSi marTva-gamgeobis centralize-buli, erTiani sistema iqneba, romelsac war-marTavs saxalxo sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel-ganmkargulebeli organo `centraluri uzenaesi sabWo~. ix.mux.141-e.

40 saqarTveloSi, saxelmwifo ena yvela avtono-miuri respublikebisaTvis da olqisaTvis iqneba qarTuli ena, romelic gamoyenebuli iqneba sa-xelmwifo da sazogadoebriv organoebSi, kultu-ris, ganaTlebisa da sxva dawesebulebebSi. qar-Tul enasTan erTad uzrunvelyofili iqneba sxva salaparako enebis Tavisufali xmareba zneobriv farglebSi, romliTac sargeblobs adgilobrivi mosaxaleoba.ix. mux.142-e. saxelmwifo Tanaswor uflebian urTierTo-bebs daamyarebs ucxoeTis saxelmwifoebTan, da-debs maTTan xelSekrulebebs da gaucvlis dip- lomatiur da sakonsulo warmomadgenlebs, mona-wileobas miiRebs saerTaSoriso organizacieb-Tan muSaobaSi, Tu saqarTvelos konstitucia aRi-arebuli iqneba maT mier adamianTa cxovrebis normad, ix.mux. 143-e. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoriaze imoqmedebs mxolod da mxolod saqarTvelos saxel-mwifos kanonebi da kanonqvemdebare aqtebi, sadac gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba saerTaSoriso samar-Tlis normebic, romlebic ucxo ar iqneba saqar-Tvelos saxelmwifos erovnuli traiciebisaTvis. ix.mux. 86-e;146-e. saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi omis propaganda akrZaluli iqneba, TavdacviTi omi saqarTvelos suverenul uflebad iqneba gacxadebuli. Tav- dacviTi omebis sawarmoeblad saxelmwifo Seqmnis Zlier, disciplinirebul regularul armi-as.ix.mux.61;62-e;43-e. saxelmwifo, saxelmwifo kanonmdeblobiT da-aregulirebs saxelmwifo organoebis, sazogadoeb-rivi da kerZo seqtoris organizaciebis Tanamde-bobis pirTa da moqalaqeTa movaleobebs saqarTve-los saxelmwifos uSiSroebis uzrunvelsayofad. ix. mux. 62-e. saSinao da sagareo politikis Sesaxeb zemoT gamaxvilebuli yuradRebis garda, mxolod imas davamatebdiT, rom saxelmwifo Seecdeba minimu-

41 mamde iqnas dayvanili sagareo valebis sargeblis gadaxdiT aReba. da bolos! Tqvens, yuradRebas SevaCerebT mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis konstituciis proeqtis gardamavali periodisaTvis samoqmedo debulebaze. Tu, xelisuflebis saTaveSi mova mSromelTa in-teresebis dacvis sazogadoeba mis mierve SemuSa-vebuli oTx rangiani arCevnebis meTodis gamo-uyeneblobiT, arsebuli xelisuflebis wesiTa da meTodebiT daniSnuli arCevnebis Sedegebis Sede-gad, xelisuflebaSi mosvlis dRidan mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogadoebis centraluri sa-TaTbiros generaluri Tavmjdomare, saqarTvelos mosaxleobas televiziiT, radioTi da sxva sain-formacio saSualebebiT auwyebs, axali, qarTuli cxovrebis wesis `socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis~ damyarebas, xolo erTi Tvis vadaSi 145-e muxlis #1da # 2 danarTebis safuZvelze (ix.mux.145e; gv.533 da 539) daamTavrebs pirovnebebis pirdapir daniSvnebs, rogorc centralur ise adgilobriv xelisufle-baSi, mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sazogado-ebis struqturaSi dakavebuli Tanamdebobebidan Sesabamis Tanamdebobebze da uzrunvelyofs sa-xelmwifo aparatis saWiro kadrebiT dakompleq- tebas moqalaqeebidan mowveuli specialistebiT, romelTa Tanamdebobebi arCevnebs ar eqvemdebare-ba.ix.mux.343-e. mids-is centraluri saTaTbiros Tavmjdomare gardamaval periodSi, pirveli saarCevno vadis dadgomamde, romelic ganisazRvreba 3 wlis vadiT xelisuflebis saTaveSi mosvlis dRidan, sazo-gadoebis mier SemuSavebuli programis-mids-is konstituciis sruli SesabamisobiT ganaxorcie-lebs saxelmwifo gamgeblobaSi Semavali funqcie-bis Sesrulebas, garda im sakiTxebisa, romelic exeba arCevnebs. ix.mux. 344-e.

42 sami wlis vadaSi mids-is konstituciis 227-e da 342-e muxlis da am muxlis qvemuxlebis Sesa-bamisad miRebuli iqneba saxelmwifos ZiTadi ka-noni `saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demok-ratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwi-fos~ -konstitucia. gardamaval periodSi imoqmedebs yvela is kanoni da normatiuli aqtebi romlebic miRebu-li iqneba wina xelisuflebis mier da ar ewinaaR- mdegebodes iqneba mids-is konstitucias. winaaR-mdegobaSi moqceuli kanonebi da normatiuli aq-tebi daCqarebuli wesiT gadasinjuli iqneba cxov-rebis pirobebis moTxovnebTan dakavSirebiT, mids-is konstituciis alternatiuli proeqtis Sesaba-misad axali konstituciis miRebamde 227-e muxlis safuZvelvelze. im avtonomiur respublikaSi da regionebSi, sadac wina xelisuflebisa da sxva mizezebisa ga-mo [(sxvadasxva erovnebis xalxma-separatistebma TavianTi `uflebebi~ im zomamde Tu ganavrces, qarTvel miosaxleobasac ki dauwyon devna-Seviw-roeba. es logikuri gzaa – cacuns kakuni unda mohyves~. ra gamosavalia am dros? sasurvelia arsebob-des avtoritetuli mesame Zala, romelic morCi-lebisken mouwodebs maT. Tu, es ar moxdeba, mkvidrma erma – qarTvelebma yvelaferi unda iRonon TavgzaabneulTa gonebaze mosayvanad. m.kekelia 1989 w. Tu, aseT saqmianobas eweva adgilobrivi mo-saxleoba, romlebmac moqalaqeoba STamomavlobiT miiRes, maSin maTi saqmianoba kvalificirebuli iqneba samSoblos Ralatad, xolo Tu aseT saq-mianobas eweva romelime eris diaspora-umcireso-ba, maSin unda daisvas maTi da maTi Tanamoazre-ebis saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoriidan ga-saxlebis sakiTxi. am sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi saer-TaSoriso samarTlis normebi baTilia saqarTve-los saxelmwifos kanonebis winaSe.)] ar moqmede-

43 bdes iqneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifos iuris-diqcia, SeTavazebuli iqneba mids-is programa–konstituciis doniT Sedgenili. winaaRmdegobaSi moqcevis SemTxvevaSi, axl mosuli xelisufleba 146.1.3. muxlis safuZvelze miiRebs dadgenilebas im avtonomiuri respublikis statusis gauqmebis da sxva avtonomiur respublikasTan mierTebis Se-saxeb, sadac ar moqmedebdes iqneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifos iurisdiqcia, im vadiT ra vadac das- Wirdeba iurisdiqciis aRdgenas, romelic iTva-liswinebdes iqneba yovelgvar xerxebsa da meTo-debs (maT Soris, erTerT variantad, saxalxo sam-javroze-referendumze konstituciis sakiTxTan erTad ganvixilavT yvela mezobel qveyanasTan da gansakuTrebiT ruseTTan pirdapir dialogis ga-marTvas ekonomikur da politikur WrilSi, romelic agebuli iqneba partniorobis principiT 78-e da 63-e muxlebis moTxovnaTa Sesabamisad), saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebsac da axali xelisuflebis momxre ualoesi da Soreuli qveynebis daxmarebasac. ix.muxli 346-e. kidev erTxel gvinda SegaxsenoT! – referen-dumze gatanili sakiTxebSi da gansakuTrebiT kon-stituciis alternatiul proeqtebSi, momavali gegmebis (programebis) gauTvaliswinebloba iwvevs cnobierebis vakums, rac imas niSnavs, rom xalxi ar iqneba gaTviTcnobierebuli Tu ra saxis ka-nons, momavals unda dauWiros mxari referen-dumSi monawileebma, eseigi xalxi brmad ar unda endobodes, maT mier arCeul pirebs kanonis miRe-baSi, momavlis arCevaSi, cxovrebis wesis wyobi-lebad dawesebaSi. mogiwodebT, sruliad saqarTvelos saxel-

mwifos socialurad orientirebul mosaxleo-

bas, yvelaferi gavakeToT WeSmariti samar-

Tlianobis (saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mzardi

mosaxleobis mzardi materialuri da sulieri

moTxovnilebebis maqsimaluri dakmayofileba)

misaRwevad, saqarTveloSi socialurad dacu-

li, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis

44

dafuZnebisaTvis!

am proeqtSi samarTal damcavi organoebis ka-nonebi-moqmedi kanonebisgan gansxvavebiT mosazre-bulia araiuristi msajulebis azrovnebis done-ze. zogadad, saqarTvelos mosaxleobis zneobis farglebSi.

45

2020 wlis

saqarTvelos konstitucia ( alternatiuli proeqti komentariT)

adamianTa Soriso, adamianTa da saxelmwifos Soriso da

Tanabari uflebebisa da movaleobebis mqone saxelmwifoTa Soriso ekonomikur-iuridiuli samarTali

(saqarTvelos saxelmwifos TiToeuli moqalaqis saxelmZRvanelod)

46 $ I . saqarTvelos saxelmwifos

sazogadoebrivi wyobilebis

da politikis safuZvlebi

Tavi 1

politikuri sistema

muxli 1. saqarTvelos, socialurad daculi, demokratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxel-mwifo, aris suverenuli saxelmwifo, sadac saer-Tod gamoricxulia adamianis mier adamianis eqs-ploatacia 48-e muxlis safuZvelze da gamoxatavs mosaxleobis erTobliv nebas da uzrunvelyofs misi yvela moqalaqis interesebis, uflebebis da Tavisuflbebis dacvas, ganurCevlad maTi erovnu-li da sarwmunoebrivi kuTvnilebisa. saqarTvelos, socialurad daculi, demokra-tiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifos teritoria (cxra avtonomiuri respublika: qar- Tli, kaxeTi, imereTi, guria, samegrelo, svaneTi, afxazeTi, aWara, samaCablo-oseTi da Tbilisis avtonomiuri olqi) erTiani da ganuyofelia, rac dadasturebulia 1991 wlis 31 marts qveynis mTel teritoriaze, maT Soris afxazeTis assr-Si da yo-fil samxreT oseTis avtonomiur olqSi Catarebu-li referendumiT da 1991 wlis 9 aprilis saqar-Tvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aR-dgenis aqtiT. (z.gamsaxurdiis marTv. periodi). saqarTvelos saxelmwifos politikuri wyobi-lebis forma aris socialurad daculi, demok-ratiuli, samarTlebrivi wyobileba. saqarTvelos, socialurad daculi, demokrati-uli, samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifos sa-xelwodebad Tanabari mniSvnelobiT gamoiyeneba `termini saqarTvelos saxelmwifo~. muxli 2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi Zalauf-leba qarTvel xalxs ekuTvnis: 1. xalxi, demokratiul – saxalxo mmarTvelo- bas axorcielebs saxalxo xelisuflebis war-

47 momadgenlobiTi organoebis (sakrebuloebis: sof- lebisa da dabebisaTvis; sabWoebis: raionebis, qalaqebis, mikro raionebis, mikro qalaqebis da qalaq kavSirebisavis; uzenaesi sabWoebis: avtono-miuri respublikebisaTvis; saolqo sabWos q.Tbi-lisis avtonomiuri olqisaTvis da saxelmwifos centraluri uzenaesi sabWos) meSveobiT, am kon-stituciis farglebSi. 2. xalxi, Zalauflebas axorcielebs referendu-mis, peticiis, mitingebis, demonstraciebis, gafic-vebis da demokratiis-saxalxo mmarTvelobis sxva berketebiT, romlebic saqarTvelos saxelmwifos politikur safuZvels Seadgenen. yvela sxva saxelmwifo organo eqvemdebareba saxalxo xelisuflebis warmomadgenlobiT orga-noebis (sakrebuloebis, sabWoebis, uzenaesi sab-Woebis da centraluri uzenaes sabWos) kon-trols da angariSvaldebulia mis winaSe ierar-qiulad. muxli 3. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos centraluri uzenaesi sabWos Semadgenloba ( 300+1 ) Tanabaria cxrave avtonomiuri respublikisa da olqis warmomadgenlobiTi adgilebisaTvis, xolo centraluri uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomare, TviT deputatia cxrave avtonomiuri respublikisa da olqis warmomadgenlobiTi deputatTa korpusis arCeviT. centraluri uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares arCeva xdeba, asarCevi TiToeuli kandidatis samu-Sao programis (konstituciis doniT Sedgenili 233/9-e mux.Sesabamisad) cxrave avtonomiur respub-likaSi da olqSi sayovelTao referendumze da-debiTad Sefasebis Semdeg, romelic referendum-ze gaitaneba kandidatebis registraciis Semdeg, arCevnebis dawyebamde erTi Tve da erTi kviriT adre. meoTxe rangis arCevnebis pirveli turis ukeTe-si procentuli maCveneblis safuZvelze Sesaba- misi avtonomiuri respublika an olqi warmoad-

48 gens damatebiT erT deputats centraluri uze-naesi sabWos deputatTa korpusSi, imis mixedviT Tu romelis warmomadgeneli-deputati iqna arCe-uli saqarTvelos saxelmwifos centraluri uze-naesi sabWos Tavmjdomared 274/19-e muxlis moT-xovnaTa Sesabamisad. muxli 4. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos moqala-qeTa sainciativo jgufebi (konkretuli dasaxle-buli punqtis sainciativo jgufis mxardamWerTa raodenoba ganisazRvreba 274/16-e muxlis moTxov-naTa safuZvelze minimaluri xmis daZlevis bari-eris procentuli odenobis Sesabamisad) da poli-tikuri gaerTianebebi (partia, moZraoba, kavSiri, sazogadoeba da sxva ) saxelmwifo xelisuflebis marTvelobis organoebSi TavianTi warmomadgen-lebis meSveobiT, romlebic dasaxlebuli punqte-bis mixedviT airCevian (e.i. damoukidebel maJo-ritar deputatebad), Tanasworad monawileoben saxelmwifo politikis SemuSavebaSi da saxel-mwifo saqmeTa marTvaSi. muxli 5. saqarTvelos socialurad dacu-li, demokratiuli samarTlebrivi wyobilebis sa-xelmwifos organizaciasa da saqmianobas safuZ-vlad udevs demokratiis samarTlebrivi principi-qvemodan zemoT saxelmwifo xelisuflebis yvela donis organos arCeviToba oTxrangiani arCevnebis meTodiT, erTdroulad erTjeradi arCevnebiT arCeuli deputatTa korpusidan, romelic iT-valiswinebs maT angariSvaldebulebas xalxis winaSe, qvemdgomi organoebisaTvis zemdgomi orga-noebis gadawyvetilebaTa savaldebuloobas (biz-nesis warmoebis, vaWrobisa da sayofacxovrebo servisis saxelmwifo seqtorSi), TiToeuli saxel-mwifo organosa da Tanamdebobis piris pasuxis-mgeblobas dakisrebuli saqmisaTvis am konstitu-ciis farglebSi. saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokra-tiuli samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifos politikuri sistemis ganviTarebis ZiriTadi mi-

49 marTulebaa socialurad daculi, demokratiuli samarTlebrivi wyobilebis mudmivi srulyofa, farTo masebis Cabma saxelmwifosa da sazoga-doebrivi cxovrebis yvela sferoSi maTi xeli-suflebaSi mosvliT, sazogadoebrivi kontrolis gaZliereba, farTo sajarooba da sazogadoebis azris mudam gaTvaliswineba. muxli 6. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos erovnu-li niSnebiT avtonomiur respublikebad da ol-qebad mowyoba da maTi administraciul-teritori-uli marTvis gamijvna ganisazRvreba konstitu-ciis 145-e muxlis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos sa-xelmwifos mTel teritoriaze, referendumze damtkicebis Semdeg. muxli 7. saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokratiuli samaraTlebrivi wyobilebis saxel-mwifos politikuri sistemis, saxelmwifo da ker-Zo seqtoris mamoZravebeli Zalaa saqarTvelos sociallurad daculi, demokratiuli samar Tlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifos centraluri saxalxo sakanonmdeblo-aRmasrulebel ganmkargu lebeli organo centraluri uzenaesi sabWo, ro-melic istoriuli kuTxeebis mosaxleobis parite-tuli raodenobis warmomadmadgenlebisagan Sedge-ba da am mosaxleobas emsaxureba. msoflios civilizaciis, sazogadoebrivi az-ris-adgilobrivi mosaxleobis biznes gegma anga-riSgebebiT gakeTebuli gancxadebebis Sejerebis safuZvelze saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demokratiuli samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxel-mwifo gansazRvravs sazogadoebis ganviTarebis erTwlian antikrizisul da grZelvadian – per-speqtiul saxelmwifos naerT gegmas, saSinao da sagareo politikas. xelmZRvanelobs saxelmwifo da kerZo sakuTrebis harmoniasTan erTad saqar-Tvelos aRmSeneblobiT saqmianobas, sul ufro srulyofili mecnierebisa da teqnika-teqnolo- giebis safuZvelze. saqarTvelos socialurad daculi, demok-

50 ratiuli samarTlebrivi wyobilebis saxelmwifos saxelmwifo xelisufleba xorcieldeba saqarTve-los saxelmwifos mTel teritoriaze. saxelmwifo, xelisuflebas axorcielebs mxo-lod 301 maJoritari deputatisagan Semdgari cen-traluri uzenaesi sabWo, romelic pirovnulad pasuxismgebelia (gadayeneba-pasuxgebaSi micema) ka- nonSemoqmedebaze, mis Sesrulebaze, saxelmwifos ekonomikuri da politikuri mimarTulebis CixSi Seyvanaze. muxli 8. saxelmwifo da yvela misi organo moqmedeben samarTlebrivi konstituciis safuZ-velze, uzrunvelyofen marTlwesrigs da sa-zogadoebis interesebis dacvas. muxli 9. saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtoris organizaciebi, moqalaqeTa politikuri da sazo-gadoebrivi gaerTianebebi, sxva organizaciebi da Tanamdebobis pirni movaleni arian icodnen da icavdnen saqarTvelos saxelmwifos samarTlebriv konstituciasa da kanonebs. muxli 10. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos yvela politikuri da sazogadoebrivi gaerTianeba as-rulebs ra Tavisi programiTa da wesdebiT gaT-valiswinebul funqciebs, saqarTvelos saxelmwi-fos mosaxleobis keTildReobis (mzardi mosaxle-obis mzardi materialuri da sulieri moTxov-nilebebis maqsimaluri dakmayofileba, socialuri garantiebis safuZvelze. sxvaTa sicocxlis xel-yofis gareSe mSvidobiani, Rirseuli Tanacxov-rebis miRweva) gaTvaliwinebiT, moqmedebs saqar-Tvelos saxelmwifos am samarTlebrivi konstitu-ciis safuZvelze miRebuli sakanonmdeblo aqte-bisa da wesdebis Sesabamisad, monawileoben sa-xelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi saqmeebis marTvaSi, politikuri, sameurneo da socialur-kulturuli sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi. muxli 11. politikuri da sazogadoebrivi ga-

erTianebaTa saqmianobis SeCereba an maTi akrZal-va SeiZleba mxolod centraluri uzenaesi sasa-

51 marTlos gadawyvetilebiT, saqarTvelos saxel-mwifos kanoniT, gansazRvrul SemTxvevaSi dad-genili wesiT. muxli 12. dauSvebelia moqalaqeTa iseTi politikuri gaerTianebis Seqmna da saqmianoba, romlis mizania saqarTvelos saxelmwifos kon-stituciuri wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secvla (aravis ara aqvs ufleba miiTvisos an ukanonod moipovos xelisufleba), romelic ga-moiwvevs xalxis keTildReobis gauaresebas, sa-xelmwifo uSiSroebisaTvis Ziris gamoTxras. eweva omisa da Zaladobis propagandas, erovnul, reli-giur da socialur dajgufebebs Soris SuRlis gaRvivebas (am ukanasknelis aRkveTas emsaxureba me-3 Tavi, gansakuTrebiT ki 48-e da 49-e muxlebis moTxovnebi.rodesac samuSao adgilebi sakmarisia da xelfasebi syidviT unariani maSin dapirispi-reba gamoricxulia, Tu igi ar Seexeba teritori-ebze da bunebriv resursebze gavlenis sferos), aseve sxva qmedebani romlebic xelyofen samar- Tlis normaTa moTxonebs muxli 13. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teri-toriaze dauSvebelia sxva saxelmwifoTa politi-kuri gaerTianebebis, arasamTavrobo struqture-bis, maTi qvedanayofebisa da organizaciebis Seq-mna da funqcionireba (radganac es aRiqmeba ro-gorc qveynis saSinao saqmianobaSi uxeSi Carevis mcdelobad). poliotikuri gaerTianebebis da arasamTavrobo struqturebis xelmZRvaneli organo mxolod sa-qarTvelos teritoriaze unda imyofebodes da ar unda finansdebodes sxva qveynebidan (radganac sxva qveynis erovnuli tradiciebi SeiZleba di-dad gansxvavdebodes saqarTvelos erovnuli tra-diciebisagan da ar iTvaliswinebdes mzardi mo-saxleobis mzardi materialur da sulieri moT-xovnilebaTa maqsimalur dakmayofilebas). muxli 14. mSromelTa interesebis dacvis sa-zogadoeba Tavisi wesdebis safuZvelze calkeul

52 administraciul-teritoriul erTeulSi, adgi-lebze pirveladi organizaciis meSveobiT SromiTi koleqtivis saxiT (romlebic damoukide-belia adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis saxelmwifo organoebisagan da damqiraveblebisagan) monawi-leobs saxelmwifo da sazogadoebriv saqmeTa ganxilvasa da gadawyvetaSi, warmoebisa da socialuri ganviTarebis dagegmvaSi, kadrebis momza-debasa da ganawilebaSi, sawarmoTa da dawesebu-lebaTa marTvis, Sromis, sanitaruli, teqnikuri usafrTxoebis pirobebis da yofacxovrebis gaum-jobesebis, im saxsrebis gamoyenebis sakiTxTa ganxilvasa da gadawyvetaSi, romlebic gankuT-vnilia warmoebis ganviTarebisaTvis (romelic mo-saxleobis bunebrivi namatis adeqvaturi unda iyos), agreTve socialurkulturuli RonisZie-bebisa da materialuri waxalisebisaTvis. amave meTodiT xelmZRvaneloben kerZo seqtoris ko-leqtiuri sakuTrebis drosac. saxelmwifo da kerZo seqtoris sakuTrebis sa- warmoebSi fizikuri da gonebrivi Sroma socia-lurad daculia samarTlebrivi konstituciis 48-e muxliT, maTi anazRaureba avtomaturad iz-rdeba sabazro-Tavisufali fasebis zrdasTan Se-fardebiT, romelic gamoricxavs samarTlian ukmayofilebis gamoxatvas xelfasebis momatebis mimarT ukiduresi formiT-gaficvebiT, maT Soris kerZo sakuTrebis drosac (rasac xSirad sxva-dasxva mozezebis gamo SeiZleba politikuri moT-xovnebic daematos da igi umarTavi gaxdes). muxli 14/1. kerZo-individualuri sakuTrebis sawarmoeSi, sadac gamoyenebulia daqiravebuli Sroma-fizikuri Tu gonebrivi, yvelafers erT-pirovnulad ganagebs da saxemwifo organoebis winaSe pasuxismgebelia uSualod mesakuTre. aseT pirobebSi mids-is pirveladi organizaciis rgo-li uflebamosilia ganaxorcielos kontroli (monitoringi) f

msromelta interesebis dacvislocva vedreba rmertis mimart: - sewydes bu-nebrivi kataklizmebi, magram...

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