2046 EM - UTCAFUNAM R GNI ET C ONH L YGO II

TINU -1

OEHT RY FO M TE AL TUC T NI G

OWT MA SKR EUQ S :SNOIT

1. tahW si r eka an ?elg tahW si t eh tceffe fo n eso idar us ni ot o ?sl

ehT elgna neewteb the loot f eca dna ht e il ne lellarap to eht ba es of eht loot si

nwonk sa edis ekar na g el . tI si su ed ot oc n lort pihc f .wol

tahW si t ?loo

ehT suoirav na g sel of sloot era oitnem n de in a nu lacirem nu ebm r ni ralucitrap

edro r. tahT is onk wn as loot ngis a .erut

3. Ex nialp eht on se dar i ?su

tI si eht gninioj of edis dna dne gnittuc e segd by snaem of s llam dar i su ni redro ot

esaercni eht t loo il fe and retteb rus f eca f hsini on eht row k .eceip

4. Na em eht f srotca t ah t ubirtnoc te ot po ro su ecafr inif sh ni uc t nit g?

gnittuC sp dee

eeF d

htpeD of tuc .

5. tahW si o gohtr o lan c ?gnittu

ehT ittuc ng egde of ot ol si rep p ne d raluci to ht e krow eceip sixa

6. enifeD bo l euqi c nittu ?g

euqilbO ittuc n :g - ehT gnittuc egde si nilcni de ta na etuca elgna htiw on r lam ot eht

gnittuc ev l ico ty ev c rot si dellac ob euqil uc t it ng ssecorp

2.

• • •

7. tahW si c gnittu f cro e?

hT e deraehs lairetam snigeb ot f wol nola g eht gnittuc t loo f eca ni eht f mro fo

llams seceip . T eh comp evisser f ecro ilppa ed ot f mro eht hc ip si dellac gnittuc

f ecro

8. tahW si c pih er d itcu on co- iciffe e tn ?

ehT corpicer al of pihc t ssenkcih ar t oi si ac l del ihc p tcuder i no co-eff .tneici

/1=K r

9. tahW si t eh nuf c noit of pihc rb e ?sreka

ehT pihc erb a srek era desu ot erb ak eht hc ips otni s llam seceip f ro r ,lavome as fety

dna ot verp e tn tob h ht e ma enihc and krow dama eg

10. enifeD am c anih b tili y fo ?latem

ibanihcaM lity si ed f deni sa eht esae htiw w hcih a lairetam nac be sitas f irotca ly

denihcam

11. oH w loot efil si nifed e ?d

ooT l il fe is ed f eni d as eht mit e spale ed eewteb n wt o oc n vituces e loot

ineprahser ng. ruD i gn t sih doirep t eh loot res v se e ff evitce ly dna e ff tneici ly

12. etirW aT y s’rol tool il fe itauqe o ?n n

Tayl t s’ro o il lo fe auqe t ,noi TV =C

erehW , V= gnittuC deeps ni m/mi .n

T= looT il fe ni unim te

C= tnatsnoC

N= ednI x depen sd opu n tool na d .krow

13. tahW era t eh tcaf o sr gnitceffa to lo efil ?

gnittuC sp dee

deeF dna de htp of tuc

looT eg ome tn ry

looT retam i la

gnittuC f diul

kroW lairetam

idigiR ty of ,krow loot a dn enihcam

14. tahW era eht ruof i tnatropm ch iretcara s scit fo slairetam used rof gnittuc

?sloot

toH ndrah e ss

eW ar tsiser a ecn

hgiH lamreht noc d tcu i iv ty

ecnatsiseR to eht r lam s kcoh

aE sy ot rg i dn dna s rah p ne .

woL hcem a lacin na d che lacim aff ini ty f ro ht e krow etam r lai

15. Na em eht uoirav s tuc t gni loot lairetam s.

nobraC ot ol leets

hgiH eeps d leets

Ce detnem ca edibr s

reC a scim

iD a sdnom

16. tahW era t eh uf n oitc ns fo ittuc ng iulf d ?s

tI si desu to looc t eh cu gnitt loot a dn ow rk ip e .ec

tI irbul c seta eht c nittu g oot l na d uht s cuder es eht co-eff tneici of f noitcir be neewt

loot dna w .kro

tI i evorpm s eht rus f eca f hsini sa detats lrae i .re

tI sesuac ht e spihc to br kae pu otni s llam p ra st .

tI stcetorp t eh f dehsini rus f eca f mor sorroc i .no

tI sehsaw away eht chi sp f mor ht e loot . It rp e stnev eht to lo f mor f .gniluo

tI stneverp c isorro on of krow dna m enihca

17. tahW era t eh tcaf o sr snopser i elb rof b liu t- pu egde in ttuc i gn ot o ?sl

gniruD tuc ti gn orp c se s, eht retni f eca te repm a erut dna erp s erus era q etiu hgih and

osla hgih f noitcir eb t neew loot pihc ni t re f seca sesuac eht pihc m laireta ot dlew

lesti f ot eht ot ol f eca ne ra eht eson . sihT is lac l de tliub up egde

18. tsiL eht es laitnes ahc r citsiretca s of a uc tting ?diulf

tI dluohs evah og od gnitacirbul rp o seitrep ot ecuder f lanoitcir secrof dna ot

esaerced eht rewop consu noitpm .

hgiH taeh a ibrosb ng ca icap ty.

tI dluohs evah a gih h iceps f ci ,taeh hgih taeh ivitcudnoc ty a dn hgih f mli co-

fe f .tneici

giH h f hsal .tniop

tI dluohs be lrodo e ss

tI luohs d be non – orroc sive ot row k na d .loot

19. tahW era t eh ac u ses of w rae ?

ehT loot si tcejbus ed ot eerht imp tnatro f ca t sro hcus sa for ,ec t me erutarep dna

gnidils tca i no eud t loo .

20. lfeirB y, itnereffid a et teb we ne lanogohtro c gnittu and lbo i euq cut gnit ?

Sl. ogohtrO n la ttuc i gn ilbO q eu tuc t ni g

oN .

1. hT e ttuc ing de ge of eht oot l is ehT ttuc i gn ed eg is i denilcn at an tuca e

lucidneprep ar ot ht e nittuc g icolev ty lgna e tiw h eht amron l ot eht uc tt ni g

otcev r. icolev ty ev c ot r

2. ehT pihc f swol revo eht loot f eca dna eht ehT pihc f swol no eht loot f eca kam i gn an

noitcerid of pihc -f wol icolev ty si on r am l legna htiw eht on r lam no eht ttuc i gn egde .

ot eht ttuc i gn egde .

3. ehT ittuc ng gde e elc a sr eht w htdi of ht e ehT ittuc ng egde may ro may not raelc the

krow ceip e no ie t eh r e.i(.sdne oN is de htdiw of eht krow eip ce.

f )wol

4. ehT xam imum ihc p ht i ssenkc cco u sr ta ti s ehT mumixam pihc ssenkciht may on t

lddim e. rucco ta eht elddim .

21. eviG two ex selpma for gohtro o lan ttuc i gn .

,gninruT f ,gnica ht r ae d gnittuc and nitrap g o ff

TINU – 2

SENIHCAM GNINRUT

1. tahW is sw gni ?retemaid

ehT tsegral id a retem fo krow taht lliw over vl e uohtiw t uot c gnih ht e deb na d si tw eci eht

thgieh of eht retnec me derusa f mor eht deb o f eht .ehtal

2. w etir eht tacificeps i sno fo a ty lacip l ?ehta

,I ehT gnel th of eb d .

,ii xam imum tsid a ecn b neewte daed dna vil e c .sertne

,iii T sepy of (deb )e,i st ,thgiar se im pag ro pag typ .e

,vi ehT heig th of daed .sertnec

,v gniws o rev eht b .de

,iv htdiw of eht be .d

,iiv dnips le erob .

,iiiv nips d el .deeps

,xi P.H . of niam rotom dna rp .m

,x Nu rebm of eldnips s .sdeep

,ix eldnips eson d ai em t re .

,iix sdeeF .

3. etirW down eht eman s fo any ruof l ehta eirossecca s?

ehtal ce sertn , hctac plat ,se ac r ,sreir c ,skcuh ma slerdn dna r .stse

4. tahW a er eht o rep a snoit nac eb rep formed no a al t ?eh

,gninruT f ,gnica f mro i ,gn nilrunk g, hc amf ,gnire daerht ttuc i ,gn lird l ni g, ,gnirob er c nisse g,

,gnippat gr gnivoo .cte

5. etirW down eht eman s fo na y ruof l ehta eirossecca s?

ehtal ce sertn , hctac plat ,se ac r ,sreir c ,skcuh ma slerdn dna r .stse

6. tahW a er eht f tcnu i sno fo ef ed dor a dn le da ercs w?

deeF :dor

tI si desu to ediug eht ac egairr ni a s thgiart line nehw ti sevom al gno eht .deb

daeL :wercs

tI si u des to mo ev the gairrac e lihw e erht ad ittuc ng epo r oita n is eirrac d tuo . tI la so

serusne eht reporp s ep ed of krow evitaler to the loot aerht d nittuc g op .noitare

oitneM.7 n ruof ty sep fo kcuhc s desu in a hcam eni sh ?po

,i eerhT waj ch kcu ro( ) les f gniretnec kcuhc i ,i ruoF waj c kcuh )ro( tnednepedni cuhc k.

,iii tengam ic .kcuhc

8. tahW is eht a cilpp a noit fo iA r tarepo ed c ?kcuh

aeH vy krow eceip ra e tnuom ed w hti t eh help of ria o etarep d hc uc sk aceb u es they lliw

eriuqer rom e rewop to dloh eht w kro ceip e.

9. Wh ta is ht e purp eso of am n lerd ? How nam y ty sep fo lerdnam s si reht e ni

nommoc ?esu

slerdnaM are desu f ro gnidloh ho woll w kro pi .sece

1. nialp dnam r le

2. ralloc dnam r le

3. enoc rdnam el

4. laiceps am ndr le

5. ts pe rdnam el

6. noisnapxE lerdnam

7. gnaG nam d ler

10. tahW si erht ad cu gnitt epo r ?noita

daerhT gnittuc si the noitarepo of icudorp ng seunitnoc cileh al gr evoo no a cyl lacirdni

krow .eceip

N.11 a em any ruof w kro dloh i gn ved i ?sec

,1 stelloc

,2 kcuhc s

,3 F serutxi

,4 rewop ch skcu

enifeD.21 tua oma cit ma ?enihc

tuA o itam c ihcam ne or si pm ly a tu o am ts era am c senih t sloo in hw i hc lla ht e tarepo i sno

deriuqer to f hsini off eht row k ceip e era done tua o am t laci ly tiw h o tu eht itnetta on of na

.rotarepo

13. tahW era eht vda a segatn fo tua oma cit la ?seht

,a ssaM pr itcudo on of lacitnedi ap r .st

,b hgiH ca c aru cy si ma .deniatni

,c Ti em of tcudorp i no is nim i zim e .d

,d ehT rab s kcot si f ee d tua o acitam ll .y

TINU – 3

SENIHCAM GNITTUC RAEG DNA GNILLIM ,REPAHS

1. Co erapm hy iluard c s repah w hti cem h cina al ?repahs

N.LS O Hy cilurd repahs cinahceM al hs a rep

1. htooms uc t gnit op tare ion hguoR na d ion sy ttuc i gn itarepo on

2. gnignahc of nittuc g ps e de si ae sy gnignahc of nittuc g ps e de si id ff tluci

3. rehgiH ttuc i gn ot er ut nr oitar nac eb rewoL ttuc i gn ot er t ru n oitar

deniatbo

ekortS el n htg ac n eb isae ly jda u dets

4. egnahC of korts e gnel th si on t issop bl e tuohtiw st gnippo eht enihcam

htiw tuo st nippo g eht am c .enih 2. etirW od wn na y ruof oitarepo ns rep of r em d by a ?repahs

gninihcaM oziroh n lat s ru f .seca

gninihcaM lacitrev rus f .seca

gninihcaM enilcni d us rf .seca

gninihcaM alugerri r surf .seca

3. noitneM t eh epo r ita on ofrep rmed by nalp e ?r

ehT f gniwollo epo r ita o sn lareneg ly rep f emro d ni a renalp a er

gninnalP.a oziroh n lat s ru f eca ninnalP.b g lacitrev rus f eca

gninnalP.c devruc s ru f eca innalP.d ng of na gna le

4. tahW si t eh nuf c noit of reppalc kcolb in a pl ?rena

gniruD tuc t gni ,ekorts eht loot kcolb f sti disni e eht reppalc kcolb ri ig dly. gniruD

eht uter rn st ,ekor the to lo kcolb il f st tuo o f eht reppalc olb ck ot va o di gnibbur fo

eht loot on eht .boj

5. etatS eht cnereffid e b te w nee a lacitrev s ah p re dna a s ?rettol

lacitrev ahs p re

1. lacitrev ahs p sre eneg ra ll y f detti

htiw ator ry elbat ot ma enihc

devruc rus f seca

2. atoR ry bat le gnola tiw h sloot lliw

vomer e .

3. lacitrev ahs per si not f dexi ni eht

lacitrev alp ne

6. tahW era t eh co mm on w kro gnidloh cived es desu on llim i gn am c ?senih

’v‘.a kcolb s.

b. enihcam v sesi .

gnillim.c f .serutxi

nidiviD.d g sdaeh

rettols

ehT.1 dils es era f detti

edils.2 s iw ll evom ot rep f mro

.gnittols

3. rettols si f dexi ni eht lacitrev

.enalp

7. tahW si a llehs ?llim

A llehs mi ll si a al r eg type of f eca ro dne mi ll taht nuom ts otno an ra b ,ro rehtar

naht nivah g na tni e larg knahs . Typ aci l ,y th ere is a wolloh ro secer s ni t eh tnec er fo

eht llehs f ro nuom t gni awdrah re on ot a pes ara et robra .

8. tahW si tnaem by up- im l gnil a dn od wn lim l ?gni

nI pu ,gnillim ttuc e sr r setato ppo o setis t o eht noitcerid of a f dee o f eht krow eceip

saerehw ni nwod illim n ,g eht rettuc setator in t eh sa em rid e noitc of rt a lev of eht

ceipkrow e .

9. tahW era t eh ffid e er n ec s teb w nee pu illim ng dna od wn im l ?gnil

N.LS O TNEVE OF PU LLIM ING DO NW MI GNILL

TAREPO ION

1. oitceriD n of rettuC tor a set aga i tsn t eh rettuC setator ni t eh

evarT l oitcerid n of evart l fo same itcerid on fo

ceipkrow e. levart of row eipk ce

uminiM m ta t eh

pihC ninnigeb g of tuc

ssenkciht sehceerG xam w neh t eh

tuc et r anim t .se

sesaerceD morf xam esaercnI s from z ore ot

max rep ot o ht

aM xim mu at eht gnininnigeb sehceerG

t ta nim e nimr a set

2 .

3. gnittuc f ecro z ot e p or e htoot r .

10. tahW si t daerh illim n ?g

A daerht mi gnill has no hc amf re . ehT llim is in detres otni eht eloh la o gn eht sixa

of eht ,eldnips eed p en hguo ot pr ecudo f llu th daer htped re deriuq

11. w etir od wn eht elur for raeg oitar ni fid f re e laitn edni x gni

eluR f ro raeg oitar in diff laitnere in :gnixed

raeG tar io = (A- /)N A

A- detceleS on hcihw c na eb dexedni by ialp n ni d gnixe dna a xorpp i etam ly

lauqe ot .N

N- riuqeR ed on . of vid i snois ot be xedni e .d

12. oH w od ficeps y laidar gnillird ihcam n ?e

A gnillird enihcam si s icep f dei by t eh boj f lo l gniwo ti e sm .

1. xaM imum ezis of eht d llir ni mm taht eht am c enih nac eb .etarepo

2. elbaT ezis of xam imum di snem i no of a boj c na tnuom on a lbat e ni erauqs

.retem

3. maximum eldnips eps ed dna egnar of eldnips sdeeps ni r.p.m

13. etirW od wn na y ruof oitarepo ns taht c na be ofrep rmed ni a llird i gn hcam i ?en

1. nillirD g

2. retnuoc is n gnik

3. nippaT g

4. er a .gnim

14. tahW si tnaem by s“ e vitisn e ha dn ef e ?”d

nI gnillird ,senihcam launam snes i gn of eht ha dn seod f gnidee of eht t sloo awot r sd

eht krow pi ece . ti is ac l del sa es nsi evit ah nd f dee

15. tahW si hcaorb i ?gn

hcaorB i gn si a orp c sse of nihcam i gn a rus f eca htiw a laiceps lum t tniopi ittuc ng

loot dellac ”hcaorb“ hcihw sah sseccus i ev ly gih h re gnittuc egde s ni a f dexi

.htap

16. hW y si as w gni a mmoc o ln y desu orp c ?sse

1. aE sy ldnah i gn of cam h seni na d sp eldni co tsn r noitcu

2. tsaF tarepo i no dna soc t of enihcam ry si el ss

TINU – 4

SARBA I EV PR SESSECO GNIHCAORB DNA

1. tahW era t eh ty sep fo secafrus t tah uoc ld de cudorp ed isu ng alp ni cy lacirdnil

?srednirg

nialP cyl acirdni l strap , c ly i acirdn l strap , c ily n ,sred epat r ,s sh sredluo , f telli ,s

,smac narc k ahs ft .cte

2. etatS eht a visarb es sed ni am n utcafu re fo g gnidnir w ?sleeh

,a mudnuroc 57( ot 90% cr illatsy ne 2lA O3 +I NOR XO I )ED

,b iD a om nd

itrA f laici :sevisarba

,a lA u nim ui m xo i ed

,b nocilis o edix

3. tahW od y uo me na by gnidaol fo irg n gnid w eh ?sll

gniruD the arepo t noi , t eh spihc for dem teg ne t deppar ni eht il n ren rg a lun ar

ecaps of evisarba partic sel . sihT is dellac l dao i .gn

ehT rus f eca of eht wh lee ceb omes s om o ht a dn steg a salg sy eppa a .ecnar

sihT si kn nwo sa lg a iz ng .leehw

4. tahW si tnaem by dr gnisse and urt i gn ?

gnisserD si t eh ecorp ss of gnidaol dna ikaerb ng wa ay eht alg z de rus f eca os

taht en w rahs p sarba i ev lcitrap es era a niag tneserp to row k f ro fe f tneici

.gnittuc

gniurT si eht pr sseco of gnimmirt t eh ittuc ng s ru f eca of eht leehw ot eurt

htiw eht ax .si

5. noitneM f ruo i tropm a tn srotcaf t tah ni f eul n ec eht tceles i no fo gri gnidn

w leeh ?

1. tnatsnoc f srotca

i . ph lacisy itreporp es of ma lairet ot eb org und

ii. A nuom t dna tar e of kcots ot eb re vom e .d

ii i. aerA of tcatnoc .

iv. T epy of idnirg ng m enihca

2. elbairav caF t sro

i. krow eps e .d

ii. leehw sp .dee

ii i. tidnoc i no of eht rg i gnidn cam h eni

iv. anosrep l f rotca

6. tahW rof l ippa ng si u ?des

,a Re ivom ng s lam l a stnuom of lairetam from eht rus f seca o f .sloot

,b Re vom i gn s llam ed f stce dna s ru f eca skcarc el ft gnirud pr suoive

snoitarepo

,c lE i tanim i gn sma ll di .noitrots

7. tahW si tnaem by oh n ?gni

nA rba a gnid secorp s of f gnihsini suoiverp ly nihcam ed rus f seca is nwonk as

.gninoh

8. tahW a er eht a vd a segatn fo inoh ng orp c ?sse

1. Si pm le ssecorp hcihw nac eb od ne on any g larene up r sop e cam h seni

hcus sa tal h se dna d llir i gn nihcam es.

2. sihT pr sseco c na eb deilppa f ro bo ht lanretni c ly i lacirdn dna f tal

rus f .seca

3. inoH ng elbane s eht maximum st kco r gnivome capac ity uo t of eritne

rus f eca f gnihsini arepo t .snoi

9. hW ta is naem t by gnisserd a dn urt i ?gn

isserD ng is eht orp c sse of idaol ng na d rb e gnika away the alg z de rus f eca os

taht en w rahs p sarba i ev lcitrap es era a niag tneserp to row k f ro fe f tneici

.gnittuc

gniurT si t eh corp e ss of immirt ng eht uc t gnit rus f eca of eht w leeh ot nur

eurt htiw the .sixa

10. tahW si ellor r ub r gnihsin secorp s?

relloR nrub i gnihs si a em t doh of dloc row k gni latem rus f seca ni hcihw

denedrah erehps ro cy il acirdn l rellor si rp e ess d aga i tsn the ow rk ot eb

essecorp d. For xe a pm l ,e ni rellor sinrub h ni g no a ,ehtal eht inrub shi gn loot

si devom ac ssor ht e us fr eca ot eb .dennaps

TINU – 5

C CN M CA H GNINI 1. enifeD NC?

illortnoC ng a cam h eni loot by em a sn of a rp e derap pr rgo am is nk o nw

sa nu acirem l ortnoc l or .CN

2. w tah era eht salc s cifi a snoit fo NC am c ih en s?

tniop.1 ot tniop NC sys met

2. thgiarts c tu CN s tsy em

ruotnoC.3 i gn NC s tsy em

3. tahW era G- edoc s and M- edoc s? eviG e ax elpm s .

G- sedoc era araperp tory f noitcnu sedoc ihw ch eraperp the hcam ine era

f ro id ff tnere sedom of vom e tnem ekil po tis i ,gnino tnoc o ru ,gni rht e da

gnittuc .cte

gE . 00G – tnioP to op i tn itisop o gnin

10G – raenil i retn p noitalo

M- sedoc era suoenallecsim f noitcnu sedoc hcihw den eto eht

allixua ry ro s ihctiw ng ni f noitamro hcus as tnalooc o/no ff, eldnips

deeps cte .

gE . 00M – rgorP am ts op

10M – noitpO al ots p.

4. tahW si t eh elor of co retupm of r CN hcam i en ?loot

co retupm nu irem c la co lortn is na NC system t tah zilitu es ots r de rp ogr ma ot

rep f mro ab s ci nume ir c la lortnoc f noitcnu s. inim ro cim ro comp etu r desab

rellortnoc tinu si u des .

5. Na em eht uoirav s le eme stn fo C CN ma hc i ?sen

epaT.1 redaer

iniM.2 co retupm

3. sovres a dn retni f eca cigol

4. noitoM f kcabdee

6. W tah si t eh or le of comp retu rof CN ma enihc t ?loo

co retupm nume lacir c lortno si na CN s sy t me taht tu i sezil rots ed rgorp am ot

rep f mro isab c nu em r laci tnoc r lo f noitcnu s. inim ro orcim comp retu b desa

rellortnoc tinu si u des .

7. tahW is tniop – ot - p tnio PTP( ) sy ?mets

tI si osla dellac p tiso i gnino syste .m T eh bo j sevitce of eht am c ih ne loot

lortnoc is ot evom ht e gnittuc to lo ot a derp ef deni ol .noitac T eh ps e de ro ap th si

ton i ropm t tna ni th si s tsy me

8. noitneM t eh am in fid f tebecnere w nee CNC a dn ?CND

CNC s tsy em nac od snoitarepo on o ln y eno enihcam ta a ti .em tuB rid e tc

nu lacirem tnoc r lo vni o sevl taht ta a emit a l egra lartnec co tupm re ot erid tc eht

snoitarepo of a nu ebm r of etarapes CN am c ih n se

9. tsiL eht co omm nly desu oc – or etanid sy ts em fo CNC hcam i en to ?slo

revelitnaC c curtsno t noi

egdirB oc n itcurts on

loC u nm co tcurtsn i no

tnaG ry itcurtsnoc on

10. tahW si t eh effid r cne e teb w nee emercni nt la dna ba s etulo sy ts e ?m

nI etulosba rgorp a mm i ,gn eht ecnatsid ta my tniop ta any in tnats lliw eb

em a derus from eht iro g ni ( ,0=X Y .)0=

Wh saere ni i cn re nem t la rgorp a ,gnimm the i tnatsn iop nt lliw be n deto sa

0=Y,0=X( ). ruF t reh rusaem e nem t liw l eb m eda f mor the ucitrap lar tniop

.ylno

11. etirW od wn eht ty sep fo tats eme stn ni TPA egaugnal .?

1. eG o cirtem s tat e nem ts

2. noitoM ts ate stnem

3. ecorptsop s ros tats e em tn

4. laiceps tnoc r lo ro A xu i ail ry tats e stnem

12. enifeD su tuorb i ?en

If eht same ihcam n ni g itarepo o ,sn cihw h aw s eirrac d uo t aerla dy, is ot

eb rep f demro ta am ny id ff tnere snoitisop on eht ow rk eceip , ti can eb

detucexe by snaem of a rgorp am ac l del sa s bu r senituo