muscles of the arm and elbow120.105.184.250/lwcheng/anatomy/e_books/muscles_of_the... · 2013. 11....
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Muscles of the Arm and Elbow
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Actions of the Arm at the Elbow
• Flexion: bending at the elbow
• Extension: straightening at the elbow
• Pronation: moving the arm in a palms
down position
• Supination: moving the arm in a palms up
position
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Muscles that act to Flex at the
elbow
• Most of these muscles are located on the
anterior side of the upper arm.
• Biceps brachii (prime mover)
• Brachialis
• Brachioradialis
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Biceps Brachii
• Origin:
– Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
– Short head: coracoid process of the scapula
• Insertion:
– Radial tuberosity (radius)
• Actions:
– Flexion at the elbow
– Supination at the elbow
– Assists in flexion at the shoulder
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Brachialis
• Origin:
– Humerus
• Insertion:
– Coronoid process of the
ulna
• Action:
– Flexion at the elbow
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Brachioradialis
• Origin:
– Humerus
• Insertion:
– Styloid process of the
radius
• Actions:
– Flexion at the elbow,
some pronation and
supination at the elbow
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Muscles that act to Extend at the
elbow
• These muscles are located on the posterior
side of the upper arm
• Triceps brachii (prime mover)
• Anconeus:
– Major function is to stabilize elbow joint and
allow for maximal ROM during extension.
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Triceps Brachii
• Origin:
– Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
– Medial head: humerus
– Lateral head: humerus
• Insertion:
– Olecranon process of the ulna
• Actions:
– Extension at the elbow
– Long head: extension and adduction of the shoulder
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Anconeus
• Origin:
– Lateral condyle of the
humerus
• Insertion:
– Olecranon process of the
ulna
• Action:
– Extension of the elbow
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Muscles that act to Pronate the
arm
• Pronator teres
• Pronator quadratus
• Brachioradialis
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Pronator Teres
• Origin:
– Medial supracondylar
ridge of humerus, ulna
• Insertion:
– Radius
• Actions:
– Pronation, assists with
flexion at the elbow
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Pronator Quadratus
• Origin:
– Ulna
• Insertion:
– Radius
• Action:
– Pronation at the wrist
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Muscles that act to supinate at the
elbow
• Supinator
• Biceps brachii
• Brachioradialis
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Supinator
• Origin:
– Lateral epicondyle
of the humerus,
ulna
• Insertion:
– Radius
• Action:
– Supination
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