NAB2008 參觀報告

日期： 4/13 ~ 4/19

報告人 楊家富

工程部

內容 一、 簡述

二、 HD 器材展示摘要

1. 記錄媒體

2. 攝影器材

3. 壓縮編解碼器

4. Switcher

5. 自動編播系統

6. 未來系統

三、 結語

NAB2008 參觀報告

一、簡述

國際廣播電視器材展覽會簡稱 NAB Show，每年四月在美國拉斯維加斯舉

行，內容舉凡廣播電視相關的器材無論影、音，製作或發射的最新器材都會

參加展示。尤其新的科技與方向都會在論壇當中提出討論。但是數位電視發

展後因為美國 ATSC 與歐盟 DVB 形成兩大數位電視主流，因此系統相關的

行動電視與歐規廠商就鮮少參加此次盛會，改到九月份在荷蘭舉行的 IBC

展示會中發表新產品。

本次展示會中所列的最新概念機器，只有部分會在當年度交貨，有許多型

號都只是原型機，因此大廠商會在單獨的會議室展出未來式的機器，甚至有

部份機種從未上市就銷聲匿跡了，因此參觀後還要有一段時間的追蹤才能確

認趨勢的正確與否。

根據廠商回授的消息統計本次參觀的亞洲客戶以中國、越南、泰國、菲律

賓居多，往年的台灣、日本人數相對下降，也反映了台日對 NAB 重視程度

的轉移。

二、HD 器材展示摘要

1、 記錄媒體

錄影帶

1/2 吋以 SONY 為主，Panasonic D5 沒有展出

HDCAM-SR VTRs

HDCAM錄影機今年推出SR新格式，壓縮格式使用MPEG-4 Part 2 Studio Profile，讓機器達到錄製電影4k （4096*3112）或高畫質電視1080/60p的水準，音軌也由8軌上升到12軌以適應未來4k模式數位電影院的播出使用。

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2

藍光光碟

SONY推出 XDCam HD422的HD機種，採用MPEG-2 4:2:2P 50 Mb/s@HL 的

壓縮技術，同時也相容於HDCAM / SD的IMX/DV CAM及錄製低解像度與

mata data等系統供網路與剪接使用。

Extraordinary storage capacity in a 12-cm (5-inch)diameter disc

- PFD50DLA dual-layer disc: 50 GB

- PFD23A single-layer disc: 23 GB

Long recording time*

High data read speed: approx. 220 Mb/s**

Highly reliable: no mechanical contact during recording

and playback

Durable mechanism: disc is packaged in an extremely

durable and dust-resistant disc cartridge

Affordable cost-per-to-storage capacity media

PDW-HD1500 Deck

Flash RAM

各廠牌的 Camcoder 多數都支援 flash RAM 的功能，有些當主要記錄功能，

部分就拿來當短時間的記錄使用。flash RAM 的記錄回到剪接室直接接到

非線性剪輯機的電腦輸入，就不再使用傳統的剪輯機概念處理。

Ikagami 與 Toshiba 的系統 GFS-V10

• Record and playback can be executed at the same time by using GFPAK and built-in

flash memory (Multi-Task function).

• Internal 128GB Flash Memory (4 Hours @HD 50Mbps)

• HDTV: 1080i/720p SDTV: PAL/NTSC Multi format support

• MPEG-2 HD Long GOP-50Mbps / I frame 100Mbps Multi CODEC

• MXF file transfer

• Up-converter/Down-converter for playback

• Color LCD

• Thumbnail search operation

• JOG & SHUTTLE dial operation

• IN/OUT editing

• Playlist delivery

• Supports RS-422A protocol. The same operation as conventional editing system is

available the combination with liner editor.

混合型有專用的讀卡機操作與錄影機類似

與非線性剪輯機共同作業

硬碟 HDD（Thomson）

KEY FEATUR

‧Simultaneous record/playout design does the work of multiple systems

—HD and SD video content capabilities —One record/two playback channels ‧ Extensive control via external

systems (AMX, Creston compatible) ‧ Can be controlled by Thomson Grass

Valley Indigo A/V mixer to form a powerful presentation system

‧ Software suite features applications —Basic clip editing —Media management/arrangement —Dynamic playlist creation with live

control options ‧ Extensive standard audio/video

connectivity: —Video: SDI, component, composite,

S-Video, analog/digital DVI video

—Audio: analog, S/PDIF digital audio ‧ Front-panel VTR-like transport

control interface with touch panel ‧ Robust data connectivity:

—1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet) —FireWire (IEEE 1394) —USB 2.0

‧ Media exchange support for AVI, HDV, QuickTime*, MPEG-2, Windows Media, WMV HD

‧ Hard-drive storage capabilities: —10 to 40 hours depending on bit rate —Enterprise-class, high-performance

SATA drive technology ‧ REV media storage: more than two

hours of 25 Mb/s SD or HD video (Turbo-R model)

DDR（硬碟錄影機）

Uncompressed HD SDI Field Recorder/Playback

GVS9000 2U VTR includes:

- Solid State Drive Configuration

- Simultaneous ingest and play-back

- Video formats (525i/p, 720i/p, and 1080i/p) (SMPTE 259/292/296/) Dual-link RGB 4:4:4

(SMPTE 372M)options

- HD SDI, SD SDI (ingest/playback)

- Analog HD and SD out, YPbPr, RGB

- HD –->SD conversion

- 9 Pin machine control (RS422)

- Audio LTC In/out

- Genlock In/Out

- 8 or 16 Channel embedded audio

- Uncompressed 4:2:2 recording during full motion directly from HD camera

- Advanced Scheduling

- Integrated video media browser (VMB)

- DPX (ingest and play-back)

- Uncompressed HD codecs.

- 96kHz or 48kHz 16-bit digital audio - Remote Network Control

- Fibre Channel Storage GVSAN

- DVC/CD Dual Layer Record/Play

-12V DC input with FlyPack (option)

- VDCP automation control (optional)

2、 攝影器材

Studio

Ikegami HDK-790E/HDK-79E

Full Digital HDTV Camera System 0.18υm design rule next generation ASICs.

2.2 Million pixel 2/3-inch FIT CCDs

12bit A/D Conversion/ 38-bit internal digital processing circuits

Multi-standard / Simulcast Broadcasting

(1080/60i, 480/60i interlace output standard, 1080/24p, 720/60p, 480/60p progressive output Option)

http://www.gvsf.com/gvs90002xu-vtr.htmlhttp://www.gvs9000.com/gvs90001u-ispeck.html#VTRFormathttp://www.gvs9000.com/gvsretifichs.html

Various Accessories available for different operating styles.

Sensitivity...................... F10/2,000 lx

S/N

HDTV system................. 56dB

NTSC system................. 64dB

Modulation depth

HDTV system...................45% or more (800 TV

lines, 27.5MHz)

NTSC system................. 90% or more (400 TV

lines, 5MHz)

Limiting resolution

HDTV system............ 1,000 TV lines

NTSC system...……. 900 TV lines

Video frequency response (Base Station output)

Y output....................................... Below

60Hz............ Falling

60Hz~30MHz........ within ±1.0dB

Over 30MHz........... Falling

PB, PR outputsignal.................... Below

60Hz............ Falling

60Hz~15MHz........ within ±1.0dB

Over 15MHz........... Falling

NTSC output signal (Ych 100kHz, output signal

from external camera control equipment)

Below 60Hz............ Falling

60Hz~4.5MHz....... within ±0.5dB

4.5MHz~8.0MHz... within ±1.0dB

Over 8MHz............. Falling

Audio Frequency response (Base Station output)

Y output.............................................. Below

100Hz.......... Falling

100Hz~10kHz....... within ±1.0dB

Over 10kHz............. Falling

Contour correction

Vertical..................... 5line

Horizontal................. Boost frequency,

13MHz~24MHz (HDTV)

Boost frequency, 2.7MHz~8.9MHz (SDTV)

Gamma.................................................. OFF,

0.35, 0.4, 0.45

Gain..................................................... -3dB,

0dB, +3dB, +6dB, +12dB

or +18dB (User spec.)

Power consumption………approx. 500VA (including 7-inch color viewfinder and CCU)

SONY HDC1000 • Newly developed three 2/3-inch type 2.2-megapixel HD progressive CCD

• High-sensitivity of F10

• Excellent signal-to-noise ratio of 54 dB

A wide variety of capturing modes - 1080/50i, 1080/60i, 1080/24P, 1080/25P, 1080/30P, 1080/60P,

720/50P, 720/60P

• Industry-first 14-bit A/D conversion

• State-of-the-art DSP LSI

• Ergonomic design

• Optical fiber digital transmission

• Memory Stick storage of camera setup parameters

Servo-controlled ND and CC filters

Film Camera

今年對於 film 使用的電視攝影機推出與電影機操作相類似的機種，讓電影導

演與攝影師容易接受；又因為畫質高於現有 HD 的錄影機，因此需要使用硬

碟錄影設備當儲存媒體。

F35

SRW-5100 SR Player

SRW-5800 SR Recorder

CineAlta Products line-up

F35 Digital Cinema Camera‧35 釐米尺寸影像感應裝置–採用 Super 35mm size, 1 Chip CCD Imager‧More Flexibility in Controlling Depth of Field‧採用 RGB Stripe

Sensor, 並非 BAYER SENSOR: Full Resolution of 1920 x 1080 RGB

‧鏡頭座採用 PL (ARRI) Mount

–不需要使用鏡頭轉接環, 可直接安裝大多數的 35mm Film lenses ‧機身, 功能,

操作風格相同於 F23

–與 SRW-1 錄影機組合方式, Select FPS, S-LOG/HyperGamma, Cine Mode/Custom

Mode, etc.

‧動態範圍寬容度 (F23＇s 700% to 800%)–Variable Frame Rate Capturing up to 50

Fps

‧F23 can speed up to 60 fps

‧支援格式 (Supported Format)

–Progressive: 1080/23.98P, 24P, 25P, 29.97P, and 50P

–Interlace: 1080/50i, and 59.94i‧應用領域 (Application for -)–電影, 廣告, High-end

電視劇…

Thomson Viper FilmS Cameratream Key Features With three 9.2-million pixel Frame Transfer CCDs

RGB 4:4:4 10-bit log output

Captures raw data directly from CCDs

Unique 4:4:4 RGB Dual Link FilmStream output

Native 16:9 or 2.37:1 aspect ratios without resolution loss using Dynamic Pixel

Management technology

Patented Frame Transfer (FT) CCD technology

Mechanical shutter guarantees no vertical smear

Multiple format support

1080p @ 23.98-, 24-, 25-, and 29.97 frames per second (fps)

1080i @ 50 and 59.94 Hz

720p @ 23.98-, 24-, 25-, 29.97-, 50-, and 59.94 fps

Electronic viewfinder focus assist tools: crawler and zoom

3、 壓縮編解碼器

MPEG IV H.264 各大廠牌的編碼器已經做到 MPEG II 的 2 倍壓縮水準，但是

解碼器沒有達到一定水準，各廠牌有的在 8~12M bps 解碼畫面相當漂亮，但

是低於 8M 則有瑕疵畫面出現，反之在 5~10M bps 可用的解碼器則於高位元

率時表現不佳，因此解碼器仍然有一段修正的路程要走，無法與編碼器的技

術作同步跟進，因此建議目前 HD 節目仍須以高於 10M bps 的速率播出才不

至於造成收視戶困擾。

4、 Switcher

由於新的 Switcher 發展都由 CPU 控制，因此速度大幅提升，可以控制的 ME

數與 Key 的層次都大為增加，複雜度也相對增加，對後製作有所助益，但是

Live 節目的貢獻反而是未定數，因為複雜度增加太多，前製的作業與記錄更

形重要。

Thomson KAYAK SD/HD Key Features

Six 8 RU models from 2 to 4.5 M/E 1-, 1.5-, 2-, 2.5- and 3 M/E panels available separately Multiple panels can share resources of a single electronics frame Kayak HD — switchable between HD, SD formats Kayak SD — software upgradeable to multi-format HD/SD Fully digital 10-bit, 4:2:2 inputs, outputs Compact, lightweight frames Hot-swappable, front-removable modules and power supplies Intuitive menu with touch screen One DPM channel per M/E on keyer 1 standard with planar 3D effects; remaining

channels optional as are nonlinear, lighting, and recursive effects Two high-quality chroma keyers standard, per system, assignable to any

full-function keyer Four full-function keyers per full M/E, each with linear and luminance keying and

wipes Freeze-frame buffer on every full-function keyer Test-pattern generator Two main wipe generators and four keyer wipe generators per M/E YUV color correction standard on full M/E keyers and backgrounds, and on all

switcher outputs SONY MVS-8000G/GSF

Features:

Flexible system size

MVS-8000G systems are available with 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 3, 3.5 or 4 M/E's banks and two

processor frame sizes are available. The smaller MVS-8000GSF (4RU) frame can cope

with up to 2.5 M/E's, 34 I/P's and 24 O/P's and the larger MVS-8000SF (8RU) frame

will cope with up to 4 M/E's, 80 I/P's and 56 O/P's. A system can therefore be

purchased with minimal components today and expanded as needs arise.

4 Keyers per M/E

Each M/E comes, as standard, with 4 full function keyers, each with its own transition

capability. Luminance, Linear, Clean, Pattern, Chroma and Colour Vector keying

modes are supported as standard by each keyer. Additionally the MVS-8000G series

includes a simple DME channel for every keyer.

8 Channel Integrated DME

In addition to the standard Key DMEs, an optional, high specification, digital multi

effects (DME) unit is available to partner the MVS-8000G and up to 8 channels can be

specified. Each channel is a full function DME including 2D linear and non-linear

effects with a key channel and lighting effects. THE MVE-8000A is a 2RU processor

and can be fitted with either 2 or 4 channels of high quality digital effects generators.

For even more stunning effects and higher picture quality the MVE-9000 is also

available.

Internal format converters

The MVS-8000G chassis can be fitted with two format converter cards. Each card is

capable of converting up to eight video I/Ps from one line standard to another. The

card also provides 2 channels of O/P conversion which gives the ability to convert any

switcher O/P from one standard to another.

Frame Memory

The MVS-8000G has the option of being supplied with 8 channels of frame memory.

The frame memory system has the capacity to store up to 2000 HD images and both

still frames and clip sequences can be stored and recalled. By utilising an external hard

drive clips can quickly be backed up and uploaded ready for the programme operations.

Compact Control Panel

In addition to the layout-free control panel two compact control panels are available.

These two panels (1 or 2 M/E) offer the same operational features as the large panel in

a much smaller, and rack mountable, size. These, 12 crosspoint button, panels are ideal

for small production systems or, if combined with the large panel, providing remote

M/E operation.

Macro Functionality

To further aide an operator the control panel allows complex key sequences to be

stored, subsequently edited and then recalled from any button. Simple (or complex)

key sequences can now be programmed to happen upon any button push (for example

switching key and background at the same time, automatically flying in a replay on

selecting the source button...) the possibilities are only limited by the operators'

creativeness.

Machine Interface

Up to twelve VTR or DDR's can be controlled by a single control panel. These can be

integrated onto a switcher timeline and multiple cue up points can be set.A dedicated

VTR control module can also be added to any control desk allowing an operator instant

and easy remote control of any connected VTR.

Networkability

The control panels and switcher processors are connected via two independent ethernet

networks. These together with the additional system manager application allow the

switcher to expand onto an external LAN. This can be used for remote set-up and

monitoring, facility management and import/export to the internal stills store.

ROSS Vision QMD/X Switcher

Powerful MLEs Vision QMD/X packs major effects and keying power into every MLE. Each MLE has

four fully featured keyers with luma, linear and preset pattern keys as well as an additional

5th hidden keyer for Squeeze & Tease Wipe DVE transitions. Each MLE is equipped with

2 advanced UltraChrome Chroma Keyers, provides a utility bus input for

video-in-border and garbage mask applications, and offers a positionable clean feed output.

Two advanced pattern generators per MLE are available for wipes and preset pattern keys

with two additional pattern generators dedicated to color washes. UltraChrome Advanced Chroma Keying in Every MLE

3 Channel Global-Store

Three independent channels of stills are available switcher-wide. Thousands of stills and

logos can be stored in the on-board hard drive and can be exchanged with other control

room devices via Ethernet.

MLE-Store

Every MLE can have four channels of dedicated still store.

MediaCache

The addition of MediaCache supercharges the Global-Store and MLE-Store still

stores. On-board memory and video processing capability is dramatically increased,

making multiple channels of animated logos, short uncompressed clips, and moving

graphics a reality.

AuxKeys

This revolutionary option adds mixing and keying capability to Aux Bus outputs

MultiDSK

This option adds two more linear downstream keyers to the Vision QMD/X system,

bringing the total number of DSKs in full MLE systems to six. The keyers have full access

to the internal crosspoint matrix making every source available as a downstream key.

5、 自動編播系統

今年各大硬體廠商如 Evertz、Harris、Panasonic、Sony、Thomson 等都展出自動

編播系統（Avis 另闢展式地點不在會場中），經了解後都宣稱與現行最常用的

ENPS、I-News 兩種軟體完全相容，基本上都是屬於配合性的系統整合，如非

編與搜尋系統所使用的硬體，讓系統整合廠商有較多的選擇。

6、 未來系統

多重觸控螢幕互動報導展示

結合 Viz 即時的圖形功能和多重觸控螢幕，可啟動即時互動與顯示內容功能。即

時圖形檔案可以直接在攝影棚叫出播出資料及圖形。為電視節目提供新的表現方

式。

Viz Engine 3 是以內建互動方式手動操作即可進行現場報導，並將新聞播報員的

能力發揮到極致。無論是選舉、氣象、財經或體育的報導，此獨特的圖形處理技

術，是目前最先進的互動傳播核心技術。

Super HD（日本 NHK 研究中）

Super Hi-Vision's main specifications: Resolution: 7,680 × 4,320 pixels (16:9) (approximately 33 megapixels) Frame rate: 60 frame/s. Audio: 22.2 channels Bandwidth: 21 GHz frequency band

http://www.vizrt.com/news/press_releases/article2389.ecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16:9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22.2

Ultra High Definition theater （NAB 2008）

三、結語

NAB 廣播器材展屬於美規數位電視展示，因此部分歐規發射系統廠商

並不熱中於參展，只是設立小 Booth 提供諮詢。但是影音部分並不影響，因

此除了頭端系統較無法從 NAB 展獲得資訊外，還是獲得產品趨勢的一個重

要機會。

從本次的展覽可以看到以往水平器材發展的傳統已經大幅改變，各廠商

都整合自己產品的上下游廠家推出所謂「Total Solution」的做法，很多廠商

的展示都是大同小異，與資訊展的展場很像，如 IBM 與 Microsoft 都有攤位，

但是只有銀幕與人員備詢可見一般。

因此未來參觀展覽與器材採購需要能夠很清楚的分辨所需系統的細微

區隔，才不致交貨驗收後發現系統其實不是真正符合需求的架構。

Full Digital HDTV Camera SystemSONY MVS-8000G/GSF

Flexible system size MVS-8000G systems are available with 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 3, 3.5 or 4 M/E's banks and two processor frame sizes are available. The smaller MVS-8000GSF (4RU) frame can cope with up to 2.5 M/E's, 34 I/P's and 24 O/P's and the larger MVS-8000SF (8RU) frame will cope with up to 4 M/E's, 80 I/P's and 56 O/P's. A system can therefore be purchased with minimal components today and expanded as needs arise.  4 Keyers per M/E Each M/E comes, as standard, with 4 full function keyers, each with its own transition capability. Luminance, Linear, Clean, Pattern, Chroma and Colour Vector keying modes are supported as standard by each keyer. Additionally the MVS-8000G series includes a simple DME channel for every keyer.  8 Channel Integrated DME In addition to the standard Key DMEs, an optional, high specification, digital multi effects (DME) unit is available to partner the MVS-8000G and up to 8 channels can be specified. Each channel is a full function DME including 2D linear and non-linear effects with a key channel and lighting effects. THE MVE-8000A is a 2RU processor and can be fitted with either 2 or 4 channels of high quality digital effects generators. For even more stunning effects and higher picture quality the MVE-9000 is also available.  Internal format converters The MVS-8000G chassis can be fitted with two format converter cards. Each card is capable of converting up to eight video I/Ps from one line standard to another. The card also provides 2 channels of O/P conversion which gives the ability to convert any switcher O/P from one standard to another.  Frame Memory The MVS-8000G has the option of being supplied with 8 channels of frame memory. The frame memory system has the capacity to store up to 2000 HD images and both still frames and clip sequences can be stored and recalled. By utilising an external hard drive clips can quickly be backed up and uploaded ready for the programme operations.  Compact Control Panel In addition to the layout-free control panel two compact control panels are available. These two panels (1 or 2 M/E) offer the same operational features as the large panel in a much smaller, and rack mountable, size. These, 12 crosspoint button, panels are ideal for small production systems or, if combined with the large panel, providing remote M/E operation.  Macro Functionality To further aide an operator the control panel allows complex key sequences to be stored, subsequently edited and then recalled from any button. Simple (or complex) key sequences can now be programmed to happen upon any button push (for example switching key and background at the same time, automatically flying in a replay on selecting the source button...) the possibilities are only limited by the operators' creativeness.  Machine Interface Up to twelve VTR or DDR's can be controlled by a single control panel. These can be integrated onto a switcher timeline and multiple cue up points can be set.A dedicated VTR control module can also be added to any control desk allowing an operator instant and easy remote control of any connected VTR.  Networkability The control panels and switcher processors are connected via two independent ethernet networks. These together with the additional system manager application allow the switcher to expand onto an external LAN. This can be used for remote set-up and monitoring, facility management and import/export to the internal stills store.