naturviterne frokostmøte 12. februar 2015 bergen tare ... · • 150.000 tons kelp laminaria...

SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture

Naturviterne Frokostmøte 12. februar 2015 Bergen

1

Jorunn Skjermo

Silje Forbord, Kristine Braaten Steinhovden and Aleksander Handå

SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS, 7465 Trondheim

[email protected]

Tare – Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff

NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi

mailto:[email protected]


DKNVS/NTVA Scenario 2050: Verdiskaping basert på produktive hav i 2050

(Value creation based on productive seas in 2050)

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100

200

300

400

500

600

1999 2010 2030 2050

High productive sea areas

Marine algae

New species

Equipment and feed

Marine ingredients

Salmon farming

Fisheries

Mill

iard

er

kro

ne

r


DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012)


1,1

8

40

0,2

4

20

2010 2030 2050

Sales value (billion NOK)

Volume (mill tons)

The Norwegian seaweed industry – value creation


Area: 250 km2

Area: 1200 km2



• Standing stock: 50 mill ton seaweed (ww) (Steen 2013, HI)

• 99% of the biomass is kelp (Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima)(Gundersen et al. 2011, Niva)

• Harvested annually (ww):

• 150.000 tons kelp Laminaria hyperborea

• 15.000 tons Ascophyllum nodosum

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The natural seaweed resources in Norway



• "Seaweed bed" area: 8.000 km2 (Gundersen et al. 2011, Niva)

• The bottom area in the photic zone represents the substrate (for attachment) for seaweeds.

• Sea area inside sea boundary: 125.000 km2 (787.000 km2 economic zone)

• Potential area for cultivation.

5

Area for seaweeds in Norway



Why cultivated biomass? • Large volumes possible

• Attractive biomass

• No use of arable land, fresh water, pesticides or fertilizers (NB. No phosphate)

• Environmental friendly production of biomass, no (known)negative effect on the benthic ecosystem

• Effective harvesting and freshness of biomass

• Wide range of species (480 in Norway)

• Possibilities for nutrients recycling (IMTA)

• Replace fossil feed-stocks with sustainable cultivated biomass



Seedlings production

Sea cultivation

Harvesting Pre-treatment,

storage Processing Distribution Market

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Pharmaceuticals

Health feed

Bioactive chemicals

Food ingredients

Food

Feed ingredients

Fertilizers

Bioenergy

Platform chemicals

Mar

ket

valu

e

Market volume


SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 8

Cultivation - from spores to biomass


To be continued…


From spores to biomass, cont.


Low-tech


Horizontal lines (on longlines)

Vertical lines (on longlines)

Seaweed Energy Solutions

Carrier

Ocean Rainforest


Sheet (e.g. textile)

Cultivation systems

Low-tech


Seaweed cultivation

1 ha (0.01 km2) cultivation area:

• 170 tons biomass sugar kelp (wet)

• 26 tons dry matter

• 15 tons carbohydrates

• 3.8 tons protein

2,3 3 4,2 5,1

26

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5

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Soybean Wheat Rice Maize Seaweed

Production of feedstock (tons dw/ha)


Expected growth in Norwegian salmon production – and in feed demand

12 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi

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1

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2010 2030 2050

mill

ion

to

ns

Salmon productionFeed demand



Trends in the price of fishmeal and soybean meal Source: FAO. 2013. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Information and Statistics Branch. Rome.



Amino acid profiles in seaweed and soy bean meal

Source: Holdt&Kraan, 2011; Experts in Team, NTNU, 2014


S.latissima Soy bean meal


Sugar kelp as protein source for salmon feed

13/02/2015

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Salmon AA profile(% of protein)

Seaweed AA profile(% of total AA)



• 680.000 tons protein from 20 million tons of seaweed

• Sustainable production

• Increase the degree of self-sufficiency

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Fish feed production potential from seaweeds


330

1800

3000

115

680

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500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Importedsoy protein

2013

Proteindemand

2030

Proteindemand

2050

From kelp2030

From kelp2050

10

00

to

ns

Proteins (1000 tons)


Dissolved nutrients (45% N) (18% P)

Particulate nutrients (15% N) (44% P)

Wang et al., 2012. Aquaculture and Environment Interactions, 2:267-283

Fish (N40%) (P35%)

Feed (100% N) (100% P)

Cycling of nutrients in salmon aquaculture (IMTA)


A 30 ha seaweed farm assimilates 10% of dissolved N from a 5000 t salmon farm and produce 5000 t seaweed biomass (Broch et al., 2013)

10%


Low-Trophic Aquaculture Index for Norwegian Coastal Waters

Broch OJ. et al. Coastal scale dynamics and effects of dissolved nutrients from Norwegian aquaculture. (in prep)

Example: Modell-based estimate of seaweed productivity

• How much does the N-input from salmon farming contribute to the total supply? • How does the contribution vary with season?


Cultivated seaweed as feedstock (example: Saccharina latissima)

19 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi

Water

Alginat

Glucan (laminaran and cellulose)

Mannitol

Protein

Minerals

Polyphenols

Fucoidan

Fucoxantin

Lipid


Extraction

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DHMF – (Bis(hydroxmethyl)furan)

Polyuretan and polyesters

• Biofuels • Chemicals

• Biofuels • Chemicals • Food and feed

Chemical conversion Water based chemistry

Food end feed

"Biorefinery is a sustainable processing of biomass into several products and energy"

• Carbohydrates • Proteins • Minerals • Bioactives

Value chain biorefinery: ~300 Billion $ in 2020 (The World Economic Forum )

Thermochemical conversion Hydrothermal conditions

Biochemical/-technological conversion High viscosity


Cultivation


Tare – arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff

Klimavennlig råstoff • Hurtigvoksende biomasse • Kort karbonsyklus • Bærekraftig dyrking • Erstatter fossilt råstoff • Gir kortreist biomasse

Arbeidsplasser • Den bioøkonomisk industrien:

– Dyrking – Prosessering – Markedsføring – Utstyr – Næringsmidler – Fôr – Energi – Kjemikalier

• Kunnskap: Undervisning, forskning og utvikling • Forvaltning: Arealbruk og miljøvern • Virkemiddelapparatet: NFR, RFF, IN, Fylkeskommuner, EU Verdi • 8 mrd NOK i 2030



Status seaweed cultivation in Norway

Industry: Folla Alger Ocean Future Seaweed Energy Solutions Algea Hortimare/Sulefisk Seaweed AS Austevoll Seaweed Farm Ocean Forest Smartfarm (equipm.)

Research: AkvaplanNiva Bioforsk and GIFAS Val Videregående Skole SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS NTNU Inst. Biologi Møreforsking Norges Vel


Environment and ecology: UiO, UiB, Niva, HI


Status seaweed processing/utilization in Norway

Industry: Ocean Future Nesset Sjømat AS Bygda 2.0 Seaweed Energy Solutions Biotrål Algea Seaweed AS Austevoll Seaweed Farm FMC BioPolymer Alginor AlgiPharma


Research: UiT Bioforsk SINTEF Materialer og kjemi SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS SINTEF Energi NTNU Inst. Bioteknologi Møreforsking NIFES NMBU


Special Interest Group Seaweed Start-up workshop 19.september 2014



Thanks to SINTEF for the priority project 'Biobased products from sustainable resources (seaweed)'

Thank you


The SINTEF Seaweed bed©

naturviterne frokostmøte 12. februar 2015 bergen tare ... · • 150.000 tons kelp laminaria...

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