ncert book sanskrit (saswati) class xii

8/14/2019 NCERT Book Sanskrit (Saswati) Class XII

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fo"k;kuqef.kdki"Bkk%

iqjksoko~Q III

Hkwfedk VII

eye~ 1

izFke% ikB% fo|;kere'uqrs 2

f}rh;% ikB% j?kqdkSRllaokn% 11

r`rh;% ikB% ckydkSrqde~ 27

prqFkZ% ikB% deZxkSjoe~ 38

ipe% ikB% 'kqduklksins'k% 47

"k"B% ikB% lwfDrlq /k 57lIre% ikB% foeL;kSnk;Ze~ 67

v"Ve% ikB% Hkw&foHkkxk% 74

uoe% ikB% dk;ok lk/;s;ansgaok ikr;s;e~ 78

n'ke% ikB% nhucU/q% Jhuk;kj% 86

,dkn'k% ikB% mn~ fHkTt&ifj"kn~ 92

}kn'k% ikB% fdUrks% oqQfVyrk 98

ifjf'k"V

1- NUn 1072- vykj 112

3- vuq'kaflr xzUFk 117
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haswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Parsist.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-12.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-11.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-10.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-09.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-08.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-07.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-06.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-05.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-04.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-03.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-02.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Chap-01.pdfhttp://book_publishing/NEW%20BOOK%202007/class12/PDF%20class12%20shaswati/Mangalam.pdf


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eye~

Hknza d.ksZ fHk% k.kq ;ke nsok%Hknza i';sek{kfHk;Z t=kk% A

fLFkjSjSLrq"VqokalLruwfHk&O;Z'ks efg nsofgra ;nk;q% AA1AA

e/q okrk rk;rs e/q {kjfUr flU/o%AekohuZ% lURoks "k/h% AA2AA

e/q uDreqrks"klks e/qeRikfFkZoa jt%Ae/q |kSjLrq u% firk AA3AA

e/qekUuksouLifreZ/qek vLrq lw;Z%AekohxkZoks HkoUrq% u% AA4AA

HkkokFkZ%

gs nsox.k! ge dkuksals dY;k.kdkjh (opu) lqusa] vk[kksals dY;k.kdkjh (n';)ns[ksaA lHkh fLFkj vksa(LoLFk bfUnz;ksa) ls Lrqfr djrs gq, fnO; vk;qdks izkIr djsaAA1AA

lq jfHkr ok;qcgsA ufn;k e/q j ty ls ;q Dr gksaA vks"kf/;k gekjs fy, ekqe;

gksaAA2AAjkf=k;k e/q e; gksaA iz kr% dky e/q j (lqizHkkr) gksA i` fFkoh dh /w y Hkh e/qe;vFkkZr~e/qj vUuiznkf;uh gksA |qyksd (u{k=kyksd) izdk'ke; gksA ijes'oj gekjs fy,

dY;k.kdkjh gksaAA3AA

ouLifr;kgekjs fy, e/qj gksosa] lw;Ze/qj (vUukfn nsus okys) gksosaA xk;sagesaekqj(nw/ nsus okyh) gksaAA4AA


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izFke% ikB%

fo|;ke`re'uqrs

izLrq r ikB bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kr~ls ladfyr gSA ^bZ'kkokL;e~* in ls vkjEHk gksus os Q dkj.k blsbZ'kkokL;ksifu"kr~dh laKk nh x;h gSA ;g mifu"kr~;tqosZn dh ek;fUnu ,oa dk.o lafgrk dk40okv;k; gS] ftles a 18 eU=k gSaA

bl ladyu osQ vk| nks eU=kksaesabZ'oj dh loZ=k fo|ekurk dks n'kkZrs gq,] drZO; Hkkoukls deZdjus ,oa R;kxiwoZ d lalkj os Q inkFkks dk mi;ks x ,oala j{k.k djus dk funsZ 'k gSAvkReLo:i bZ'oj dh O;kidrk dks tks yksx Lohdkj ughadjrs gSamuosQ vKku dks r`rh; eU=k

esan'kkZ;k gSA prqFkZeU=k esapSrU; Lo:i] Lo;a izdk'k ,oafoHkqloZO;kid vkRe ro dkfu:i.k gSA ipe ,oa"k"B eU=kksaesavfo|k vFkkZr~O;kogkfjd Kku ,oafo|k vFkkZr~vk;kfRedKku ij lw{e fpUru fufgr gSA vfUre eU=k O;kogkfjd Kku ls ykSfdd vH;qn; ,oav;kReKku

ls vejrk dh izkfIr dks crykrk gSAbl ikB~;ka'k ls ;g lUns'k feyrk gS fd ykSfdd ,oav;kRe fo|k ,d nwljs dh iwjd

gS rFkk ekuo thou dh ifjiw.kZrk ,oalokZh.k fodkl esaleku :i ls ego j[krh gSaA

bZ 'kkokL;fena lo ;fRdp txR;ka txr~A

rsu R;Drsu HkqthFkk ek x/% dL;fLon~/ue~AA1AA

oqQoZUusos g dekZ f.k ftthfo"ksPNra lek% A

,oa Rof; ukU;FksrksfLr u deZ fyI;rs ujs AA2AA

vlq;kZ uke rs yks dk vU/s u relkork% A

rkLrs izs R;kfHkxPNfUr ;s osQ pkReguks tuk% AA3AA


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fo|;ke`re'uqrs 3

vustnsoaQ eulks toh;ks uSun~nsok vkIuqoUiwoZe"kZr~A

rkorksU;kuR;sfr fr"BkfLeUuiks ekrfj'ok n/kfr AA4AA

vU/Ure% izfo'kfUr ;sfo|keqiklrs A

rrks Hkw ; bo rs reks ; m fo|k;kajrk% AA5AA

vU;nsokgqfoZ|;k vU;nkgqjfo|;k A

bfr 'kqJq e /hjk.kka;s uLrf}ppf{kjs AA6AA

fo|ka pkfo|ka p ;Lrn~ osnksHk;a l g A

vfo|;k eR;qa rhRokZ fo|;kere'uqrs AA7AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

bZ'kkokL;e~& bZ'kL; bZ'ksu ok vkokL;ke~A bZ'k osQ jgus ;ksX; vFkkZr~bZ'oj ls O;kIrA

txr~ & xPNfr bfr txr~ A lrraifjorZeku% izip%A lrr ifjorZu'khy lalkjA

HkqthFkk% & HkksxaoqQ#A Hkksx djksA fo"k; oLrqdk xzg.k djksA Hkqt~(ikyus vH;ogkjsp) kkrq] vkReus inh] fof/fy~] e;e iq#"k] ,dopuA

ek xk% & yksyq i% ek HkoA yksyqi er gksA yksHk er djksA x`k~(vfHkdka{kk;ke~)/krqA y~ydkj] e;e iq#"k% ,dopu esa ^vx/%* :i curk gSA

O;kdj.k fu;ekuqlkj fu"kskkFkZd vO;; ^ek~* osQ ;ksx esa^vxk%* osQvkjEHk es a fo|eku ^v* dkj dk yksi gksrk gSA

dL;fLon~ & fdlh dkA bl osQ lekukFkZd in gSa&dL;fpr~] dL;puA vO;;AoqQoZUuso & djrs gq, ghA $ 'kr` iq afy] izFkek foHkfDr] ,dopu

oqQoZu~$ ,oA

ftthfo"ksr~ & thforqe~ bPNsr~A thus dh bPNk djsaA tho (izk.kkkj.ks) kkrq] bPNkFkZdlu~ izR;; ls fof/ fy~A tho $ lu~$ fof/fy~A


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4 'kk'orh

deZ u fyI;rs & deZ fyIr ugha gksrkA fyi (minsgs) /krq] yV~] deZf.k iz;ksxA ^deZujs u fyI;rs&;g ,d fof'k"V oSfnd iz;ksx gSA rqyuk dhft;s&^fyI;rsu l ikisuA* (Hkxon~xhrk&5-10)

vlq;kZ% & izdk'kghuA vFkok vlqj lEcUkhA vfo|kfn nks"kksals ;qDr] izk.kiks"k.kesa fujrA vlqj $ ;_ vlq$ jk $ ;A cgqopuA

vUksu relk & vR;Ur vKku :ih vUkdkj lsA ^re%* 'kCn vKku dk ckskdA

vko`rk% & vkPNkfnrA vk $ o (oj.ks) $ DrA

izsR; & ej.ka izkI;] ej.k izkIrdjA b.k~(xrkS) /krqA iz $ b $ Y;i~A

vkRegu% & vkRekua ;s ?ufUrA vkRek dh O;kidrk dks tks Lohdkj ughadjrsA^vkRekua bZ'kaloZr% iw.kfpnkuUna?ufUr frjLoqQoZfUr ('kkjHkk";s)*A

vustr~ & dEiu jfgrA fodkj jfgr] fLFkj] vpyA ,t (dEius) /krqAu $ ,t~$ 'krA uiqald fy] izFkek foHkfDr ,dopuA

toh;% & vfr'k;s u toor~A vf/d os xokykA to $ erqi~ $ bZ ;l~A uiqaldfy] izFkek foHkfDr ,dopuA

u vkIuqou~ & izkIr ugha fd;kA vkIy` (O;kIrkS)] y~ydkj izFke iq#"k cgqopuA

v"kZr~ & xPNr~ A xeu'khyA "kh (xrkS) /krqA 'kr` izR;;] uiqald fy] izFkekfoHkfDr ,dopuA vFkok (xrkS) /krq] ysV~ydkjA

fr"Br~ & fLFkj jgus okykA ifjorZu jfgrA LFkk $ 'kr] uiqa ld fy] izFkekfoHkfDr ,dopuA

ekrfj'ok & ok;q A izk.kok;qA ekrfj vUrfj{ks o;fr xPNfr bfr ekrfj'okAudkjkUr iqafy] izFkek foHkfDr ,dopuA

izfo'kfUr & izos'k djrs gSaA iz $ fo'k~(izos'kus) yV~ ydkj izFke iq#"k cgqopuA

miklrs & mikluk djrs gSaA mi $ vklrsA vkl~ (mios'kus) kkrq yV~ydkjizFke iq#"k cgqopuA vkLrs vklkrs vklrsA

rrksHkw; bo & mlls vf/dA rhuksain vO;; gSaA

jrk% & je.k djrs gSaA fujr gSaA je~(hMk;ka) $ DrA izFkek foHkfDr cgqopuA

osn & tkurk gSA fon~ (Kkus) /krq] yV~ydkj izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

mHk;e~ & nksuksaA


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fo|;ke`re'uqrs 5

rhRokZ & rj.kdjA r (Iyourj.k;ks%) $ DRokA vO;;A

vere~ & vejrk dksA tUe&eR;qosQ nq%[k ls jfgr vejRo dksA

v'uqrs & iz kIr djrk gSA v'k~ (Hkkstus) /krqA HkkstukFkZd kkrqbl lUnHkZ esaizkfIr osQ vFkZesagSA (v'uqrs izkfIrdekZ_ fu?k.Vq% 2-18)

vkgq% & dgrs gSaA czwk~(O;Drk;kaokfp) yV~ydkj izFke iq#"k cgqopuA

'kqJqe & lqu pqos Q gSaA Jq (Jo.ks) /krq] fyV~ydkj mke iq#"k cgqopuA

foppf{kjs & Li"V mins 'k fn;s FksA fo $ pf{k~ (vk[;kus) kkrq] fyV~ ydkjizFke iq#"k cgqopuA pp{ks pp{kkrs ppf{kjsA

fo|k & Kku] v;kRe KkuA fon~ (Kkus) $ D;i~ $ Vki~A ;gk ^v;kRe fo|k* osQ vFkZesa^fo|k* 'kCn dk iz;ksx gqvk gSA bl pjkpj txr~esa loZ =k O;kIr vkReLo:i bZ 'oj os Q Kku dks ^v;kRefo|k* dhlaKk nh x;h gSA ;g ;FkkFkZKku ^fo|k* gSA eks{k fo|k uke ls Hkhtkuk tkrk gSA

vfo|k & v;kResrj fo|k] O;kogkfjd fo|kA v;kRe Kku ls fHk lHkhKkuA u $ fo|kA ^u* dk vFkZgS ^brj* vFkok ^fHk*A vFkkZr~^vkRefo|k

ls fHk* tks Hkh Kkujkf'k gS tSls l`f"VfoKku] ;Kfo|k] HkkSfrdfoKku] vk;qfoZKku] izkS|ks fxdh] lwpuk&rU=k&Kku vkfn vfo|k in esalekfgr gSaA

vH;kl%

1- la LrHkk"k;k mkja fy[kr&

(d) bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kn~dL;k% lafgrk;k% Hkkx%\

([k) txRlodhn'ke~vfLr\(x) inkFk ZHkksx% dFkadj.kh;%\

(?k) 'kralek% dFka ftthfo"ksr~\

() vkReguks tuk% dhn`'kayksoaQ xPNfUr\

(p) eulksfi osxoku~d%\


7/119

6 'kk'orh

(N) fr"Bfi d% /kor% vU;ku~vR;sfr\

(t) vU/Ure% os Q izfo'kfUr\

(>) /hsjsH;% "k;% d JqroUr%\

(k) vfo|;k d rjfr\

(V) fo|;k d izkIuksfr\

2- ^bZ'kkokL;e~------dL;fLoue~* bR;L; HkkoaljylaLrHkk"k;k fo'kn;rA

3- ^vUkUre% izfo'kfUr------fo|k;ka jrk%* bfr eU=kL; Hkkoa fgUnhHkk"k;k vkaXyHkk"k;kok fo'kn;rA

4- ^fo|ka pkfo|kap------e`re'uqrs* bfr eU=kL; rkRi; Li"V;rA

5- fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) bnalotxr~-------------------------A

([k) ek x/% ------------------------- A

(x) 'kralek% ------------------------- ftthfo"ksr~A(?k) vlq;kZuke yksdk------------------------- vkork%A

() vfo|ksikldk% ------------------------- izfo'kfUrA

6- vkksfyf[krkuka lizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k dk;kZ&

(d) rsu R;Drsu HkqthFkk%A

([k) u deZfyI;rs ujsA

(x) rfLeUuiks ekrfj'ok n/kfrA

(?k) vfo|;k e`R;qarhRokZ fo|;kere'uqrsA() ,oaRof; ukU;FksrksfLrA

(p) rkaLrs izsR;kfHkxPNfUr ;s os Q pkReguks tuk%A

(N) vustnsoaQ eulks toh;ks uSusok vkIuqou~iwoZe"kZr~A


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fo|;ke`re'uqrs 7

7- mifu"kUeU=k;ks% vUo;a fy[kr&

vU;nsokgqfoZ|;k vU;nkgqjfo|;k A

bfr 'kqJq e /hjk.kka;s uLrf}ppf{kjs AA

vustnsoaQ eulks toh;ks uSun~nsok vkIuqoUiwoZe"kZr~ A

rkorksU;kuR;sfr fr"BkfLeUuiks ekrfj'ok n/kfr AA

8- izr izR;;ap ;kstf;Rok injpukaoqQ#r&R;t~$ Dr_ $ 'kr`_ rr~$ rfly~

9- izfriz R;;foHkkx% f;rke~&

izsR;] rhRokZ] /kor%] fr"Br~] toh;%

10- vkksfyf[krkfu inkfu vkfJR; okD;jpukaoqQ#r&

txR;ka] /ue~] HkqthFkk%] 'kre~] dekZf.k] relk] Rof;] vfHkxPNfUr] izfo'kfUr] /hjk.kka]fo|k;ke~] Hkw;%] lek%A

11- l U/ lfU/foPNsnaok oqQ#r&

(d) bZ'kkokL;e~ -------------------- $ --------------------

([k) oqQoZsosg -------------------- $ -------------------- $ --------------------

(x) ftthfo"ksr~ $ 'kra --------------------

(?k) rr~$ /kor% --------------------

() vustr~$ ,oaQ --------------------

(p) vkgq% $ vfo|;k --------------------

(N) vU;Fksr% -------------------- $ --------------------

(t) rkaLrs -------------------- $ --------------------


9/119

8 'kk'orh

12- v/ksfyf[krkuka leqfpra;kstua oqQ#r&

/ue~ && ok;q %

lek% && vkRekua ;s ?ufUr

vlq;kZ% && Jq roUr% Le

vkRegu% && relkork%

ekrfj'ok && o"kkZ f.k

'kqJqe && vejrka vere~ && foke~

13- v/ksfyf[krkukainkuka i;kZ;inkfu fy[kr&

ujs] bZ'k%] txr~] deZ] /hjk%] fo|k] vfo|k

14- v/ksfyf[krkukainkuka foykseinkfu fy[kr&

,de~] fr"Br~] relk] mHk;e~] toh;%] e`R;qe~

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%lexzsfLeu~fo'os KkuL;k|aksrks osnjkf'kfjfr lqf/;% vkeufUrA rkn'kL; osnL; lkj% mifu"kRlq lekfgrks orZrsA mifu"knka ^czfo|k* ^Kkudk.Me~* ^osnkUr%* bR;fi ukekUrjkf.k fo|UrsA mi&fu bR;qilxZlfgrkr~ ln~ ("kn~y) /krks% fi~ iz R;;s rs mifu"kr~&'kCnks fu"i|rs] ;suvKkuL; uk'kks Hkofr] vkReuks Kkualk;rs] lalkjpL; nq%[ka f'kfFkyhHkofr rkn`'kks Kkujkf'k%

mifu"kRinsu vfHk/h;rsA xqjks% lehis mifo'; v;kRefo|kxzg.kaHkorhR;fi dkj.kkr~mifu"kfnfrinalkFkZoaQ HkofrA

iz flklq 108 mifu"kRLofi 11 mifu"kn% vR;Uraegoiw.kkZ% eguh;k'pA rk% bZ'k&osQu&

dB&iz'u&eq.Md&ek.MwD;&,srjs;&rSfkjh;&NkUnksX;&cgnkj.;d&'os rk'orjk[;k% osnkUrkpk;kZ.kkaVhdkfHk% ifjef.Mrk% lfUrA

vk|k;ke~bZ'kkokL;ksifu"kfn ^bZ'kk/huatxRloZe~* bfr izfrik| HkxoniZ.kcq~;k Hkksxks fufnZ';rsA bZ'kksifu"kfn ^txR;ka txr~* bfr dFkusu leLrczk.ML; ;k xR;kRedrk fu:firk lkvkkqfudxos "k.kkfHkjfi lR;kfirkA lrraifjorZ ekuk czk.Mxrk pyuLoHkkok ;k lf"V%&i'kwuka

izkf.kuka] rst%iqtkuka] unhuka] rjk.kka] ok;ks% ok_ ;k p fLFkjRosu voyksD;ekuk l`f"V%&ioZrkuka]


10/119

fo|;ke`re'uqrs 9

o{kk.kka] Hkouknhukaok lk lokZvfi lf"V% bZ'ojk/huk lrh pyRLoHkkok ,oA bZ'ojL; foHkwR;klokZvfi lf"V% ifjiw.kkZpyRLoHkkok p pdkLrsA rnqDraHkxon~xhrk;ke~&

;|f}HkwfreRloa JhenwftZreso ok ArknsokoxPN Roaee rstksa'klEHkoe~AA bfr AA

Hkxon~xhrk&10-41

mifu"kRizLFkkujgL;a fo|k;k vfo|k;k'p leUo;eq[ksu v=k mn~?kkfVrefLrA ;s tuk

vfo|kinokP;s"kq ;K;kxkfndeZlq] HkkSfrd&'kkL=ks"kq] ykSfdds"kq Kkus"kq nSufUnulq[klk/ulp;ukFklayXuekulk HkofUr rs ykSfddhe~mr izkIuqoUR;so_ fdUrqrs"kka rs"kkatukuke~vk;kfReoaQ cye~]vUrLloa ok fuLlkja HkofrA ;s rq fo|kinokP;s vkReKkus ,o osQoya layXueul% HkofUr]HkkSfrdKkuL; lk/ulkexzh.kkap frjLdkjaoqQoZfUr rs thoufuokZgs] ykSfdosQH;qn;s p Dys'keuqHkofUrA

vr ,ovfo|;k HkkS frdKkujkf'kfHk% ekuodY;k.kdkjhf.k thou;k=kklEikndkfu oLrwfulEizkI;fo|;kvkReKkusu&bZ'ojKkusu tUeeR;qnq%[kjfgre~ve`rRoaizkIuksfrA fo|k;k vfo|k;k'pKkusu ,o bg yksos Q lq[ka ij=k p verRofefr dY;k.khaokpe~mifn'kfr mifu"kr~ ^vfo|;ke`R;qarhRokZ fo|;ke`re'uqrs* bfrA

ikBka'ksu lg HkkolkE;ai;kZyksp;r&fu;raoqQ# deZRoadeZT;k;ksdeZ.k%A'kjhj;k=kkfi p rs u izfl~;sndeZ.k% AA Hkxon~xhrk&3-8

v'kCneLi'kZe:ieO;;arFkkjlafuR;exUkoPp ;r~Avuk|uUraegr% ijakzqoa fupk; rUeR;qeq[kkRizeqP;rsAA dBksifu"kr~&3-15

dBksifu"kfn izfrikfnraJs ;% izs;'p vf/R; l~x`hr&

fn~ek=ka;Fkk&

Js;'p isz;'p euq";esrLrkSlaijhR; fofoufDr /hj%A

Js;ks fg /hjksfHkizs;lks o`.khrsizs;ks eUnks ;ksx{ksekr~o`.khrsAA

dBksifu"kr~&2-2


11/119

10 'kk'orh

fofo/klqmifu"kRlqizfrikfnrke~vkReizkfIrfo"k;dftKklkafo'kn;r&uk;ekRek izopusu yH;ks

u esk;k u cgquk JqrsuA

;esoS"k o`.kqrs rsu yH;LrL;S"k

vkRek foo`.kqrs ruwaLoke~AA

dBksifu"kr~&2-23

oSfndLojk%oSfndeU=ks"kq mPpkj.kn`"V~ ;k f=kfokkuka^Lojk.kka* iz;ksxks HkofrA eU=kk.kke~ vFkZefkR; fpUruaizfrizR;;;ks% ;ksxa] leklaokfJR; HkofrA r=k vFkZfukkZj.ks Lojk egow.kkZHkofUrA ^mPpS#nkk%*^uhpSjuqnkk%* ^lekgkj% Lofjr%* bfr ikf.kuh;kuq'kklukuq:ie~mnkkLoj% rkYokfnLFkkus"kqmifjHkkxs

mPpkj.kh;%] vuqnkkLoj% rkYoknhukauhpS% LFkkus"kq] mHk;ks% Loj;ks% lekgkj:is.k (leizkkuRosu)Lofjr mPPkkj.kh; bfr mPpkj.ke%A oSfnd'kCnkukafuoZpukFkizo`ks fu#Drk[;s xzUFks ikf.kuh;f'k{kk;kap LojL; egoe~bRFkeqDre~&

eU=kks ghuLLojrks o.kZrks ok

feF;kiz;qDrks u reFkZekgAl okXotzks ;tekua fgufLr

;FksUnz'k=kqLLojrksijk/kr~AA

eU=kk% Lojlfgrk% mPpkj.kh;k bfr ijEijkA vr% LofjrLoj% v{kjk.kke~mifj fpsu] vuqnkkLoj%v{kjk.kkauhpS% fpsu] mnkkLoj% fdefi fpafouk p eU=kk.kkaiBu&lkSd;kZFkizn';ZrsA


12/119

f}rh;% ikB%

j?kqdkSRllaokn%

izLrqr ikBka'k egkdfo dkfynkl }kjk fojfpr j?kqoa'k egkdkO; osQ ipe lxZls ladfyr gSA

blesaegkjkt j?kq,oaojrUrqf"k os Q f'k"; dkSRl uked czpkjh osQ e; lkosQr uxjh esa

gqvk laokn of.kZr gSA

dkS Rl os n] iqjk.k] osnk] n'kZu vkfn 14 fo|kvks a dk v;;u lekIr djos Q xq#nf{k.kk

nsus dh bPNk ls vius xq# ojrUrqls ckj&ckj xq#nf{k.kk ysus dh izkFkZuk djrk gSA xq# }kjk

xq#HkfDr dks gh xq#nf{k.kk :i esaekuus ij Hkh dkSRl dh fujUrj izkFkZuk ls #"V gksdj ojrUrq

mls xq#nf{k.kk os Q :i esa14 djksM+ Lo.kZeqnzk;s a nsus dh vkKk nsrs gSaAdkSRl fo'oftr~uked ;K esaloZLo nku dj pqosQ egkjkt j?kqosQ ikl xq#nf{k.kk osQ

fy, ku ekxus vkrk gSA egkjkt j?kq/uifr oqQcsj ij vke.k djus dh ;kstuk cukrs gSaA

Hk;Hkhr oqQcsj j?kq osQ dks"kkxkj esalqo.kZ&of"V dj nsrs gSaA j?kqdkSRl dks /u iznku dj lUrq"V

gksrs gSavkSj dkSRl Hkh xq# dks nsus os Q fy, xq#nf{k.kk iz kIr dj lUrq"V gks tkrs gSaA

izLrqr ikBka'k ls ;g lUns'k feyrk gS fd 'kkld dks loZlk/kj.k tu osQ izfr mnkj ,oa

dY;k.kdkjh gksuk pkfg, rFkk ;kpd dks viuh vko';drk ls vf/d izkIr djus dh bPNk

ugha j[kuh pkfg,A


13/119

12 'kk'orh

reojs fo'oftfr f{krh'kafu%'ks"kfoJkf.krdks"ktkre~ Amikkfo|ks xq#nf{k.kkFkhZdkSRl% izisns ojrUrqf'k";% AA1AA

l eUe;s ohrfgj.e;Rokr~ik=ks fu/k;k?;Zeu?kZ'khy% AJqrizdk'ka;'klk izdk'k%

izR;qTtxkekfrfFkekfrFks;% AA2AArepZf;Rok fof/of}f/K%riks/uaeku/ukxz;k;h Afo'kkaifrfoZ"VjHkktekjkr~rktfy% R;fofnR;qokp AA3AA


14/119

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 13

vI;xz.kheZU=krke"kh.kkaoqQ'kkxzcqs oq Q'kyh xq#Lrs A;rLRo;k Kkue'ks"kekIrayksosQu pSrU;feoks".kj'es% AA4AA

rokgZrks ukfHkxesu rIraeuks fu;ksxf;;ksRlqoaQ es AvI;kK;k 'kkflrqjkReuk ok

izkIrksfl lEHkkof;rqaoukUeke~ AA5AA

bR;?;Zik=kkuqferO;;L;

j?kks#nkjkefi xkafu'kE; A

LokFkksZiifkaizfr nqcZyk'k&

LrfeR;oksp}jrUrqf'k";% AA6AA

loZ =k uks okrZeosfg jktu~~!ukFks oqQrLRo;'kqHkaiztkuke~A

lw;sZ riR;koj.kk; n"Vs%

dYisr yksdL; dFkarfek AA7AA

'kjhjek=ks.k ujsUnz fr"Bu~

vkHkkfl rhFkZizfrikfnrfZ% A

vkj.;dksikkiQyizlwfr%

LrEcsu uhokj bokof'k"V% AA8AArnU;rLrkonuU;dk;ksZ

xqoZFkZekgrqZega;fr";s A

LoLR;Lrqrs fuxZfyrkEcqxHk

'kjn~?kuauknZfr pkrdksfi AA9AA


15/119

14 'kk'orh

,rkonqDRok izfr;krqdkea

f'k";aeg"ksZu`ZifrfuZf"k; A

d oLrqfo}u~! xqjos izns;a

Ro;k fd;}sfr reUo;q AA10AA

rrks ;Fkkof}fgrkojk;

rLeS Le;kos'kfooftZrk; A

o.kkZJek.kkaxqjos l o.khZ

fop{k.k% izLrqrekpp{ks AA11AA

lekIrfo|su e;k egf"kZ&

foZKkfirksHkwn~xq#nf{k.kk;S A

l es fpjk;kL[kfyrksipkjka

rkaHkfDresokx.k;RiqjLrkr~ AA12AA

fucZU/ltkr#"kkFkZdk';Z&efpUrf;Rok xq#.kkgeqDr% A

fokL; fo|kifjla[;;k es

dksVh'prks n'k pkgjsfr AA13AA

bRFka f}tsu f}tjktdkfUr&

jkosfnrks osnfonkaojs.k A

,uksfuoksfUnz;ofkjsua

txkn Hkw;ks txnsdukFk% AA14AAxqoZFkZeFkhZ Jqrikjn'ok

j?kks% ldk'kknuokI; dkee~A

xrks onkU;kUrjfeR;;aes

ek HkwRijhoknuokorkj% AA15AA


16/119

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 15

l Roaiz'kLrs efgrs enh;s

ola'prqFkksZfXufjokXU;xkjs A

f}=kk.;gkU;gZ fl lks


17/119

16 'kk'orh

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

fo'oftfr vojs & fo'oftr~ uked ;K esaA

dks"ktkre~ & /u lew gA lEiw.kZ/ujkf'kA

foJkf.kre~ & iznk_ nku esafn;k gqvkA fo $ J.kq(nkus) $ Dr_ nke~A

mikkfo|% & fo|k dks iz kIr fd;k gqvkA fo|klEiA

xq#nf{k.kkFkhZ & xq#nf{k.kk nsus dh bPNk ls izkFkZuk djus okykAizisns & igq pkA iz $ in~(xrkS) fyV~$ iz-iq- ,dopu

e`.e;s & fe^h os Q cus gq,A e`r~$ e;V~A

ohrfgj.e;Rokr~ & lksus osQ cus gq, ik=kksaosQ u jgus lsA fgj.;L; fodkj% fgj.e;e~Afo $ b.k~ $ DrA

fukk; & j[kdjA la LFkkI;A fu $ /k $ Y;i~A

v?;Ze~ & v?kZ fufekd nzO;A v?kkZFkZe~;ksX;e~bnanzO;e~v?kZ$ ;r~A

vu?kZ'khy% & vlk/kj.k vkpkjoku~A eguh; LoHkkookykA vewY;LoHkko%] vlkkkj.k&

LoHkkoks okA uk~ $ v?kZ%A vewY;e~AJqrizdk'ka & osnkfn 'kkL=kks a os Q v;;u ls iz flA Jq r 'kkL=kA Jqrs u izdk'k%A

re~A

Jqre~ & osnkfn 'kkL=kA Jw;rs bfr Jqra&osnkfn'kkL=ke~A Jq$ DrA

izR;qTtxke & ikl mBdj x;kA izfr $ mr~ $ xe~$ fyV~A izFkeiq#"k ,dopuA

vkfrFks;% & vfrfFk lRdkj djus okykA vfrFk;s lk/q%A vfrfFk $


18/119

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 17

vkjkr~ & lehi esa A nwj vkS j lehi nksuksa vFkks esa ^vkjkr~* in dkiz;ksx gksrk gSA vO;;A

R;for~ & vius drZO; ,oamkjnkf;Ro dks le>us okykA $ ;r~$fon~$ fDoi~A

mokp & op (ifjHkk"k.ks) /krq] fyV~] izFke iq#"k] ,dopuA

eU=krke~ & eU=knz"VkvksaesaA euu djus okyksaesaA fpUru djus okyks a esaAizFke vFkZ es a &/krqdk vFkZ gS ^n'kZ u* u fd fuekZ.kA

"k;ks eU=knz"Vkj%AoqQ'kkxzcqs & gs lw{en'khZ ! oq Q'kL; vxz oqQ'kkxza oqQ'kkxz feo cqf;Z L; l%

oqQ'kkxz h;e~A rRlEcks/ue~A oq Q'k ,d fo'ks "k izdkj dh rh[khukasd okyh ?kkl gksrh gS ftldk mi;ksx ;K&;kxkfn esafd;ktkrk gSA

v'ks"ke~ & lEiw .kZA vfo|eku% 'ks"k% ;fLeu~ rr~A u $ 'ks"ke~A 'ks"k ujgus rdA

yksosQu & yksxksalsA lewgokph inA

m".kjf'e% & lw;ZA m".k% jf'e% ;L; l%A cgqozhfg leklAvkIre~ & izkIr fd;k x;kA vkIy` (O;kIrkS) $ DrA

vgZr% & iz'kalk osQ ;ksX; dkA vg~Z(iwtk;ke~) $ 'kr] "k"Bh ,dopuAvgZ~&kkrqls ^iz'kalk* osQ vFkZesagh 'kr` izR;; gksrk gSA

vfHkxesu & vkxeu lsA

rIre~ & lUrq "VA ri~(izh.kus) $ DrA

fu;ksxf;;k & vkKk lsA

mRlqoaQ & mRdf.BrA

lEHkkof;rqe~ & rkFkZ djus osQ fy,A le~$ Hkw$ f.kp~$ rqequ~A

v?;Zik=kkuqferO;;L; & (e` .e;) v?;Z ik=k ls gh ftlos Q lEiw.kZ /u os Q O;; gkstkus dk irk yxrk gS mldkA v?;Z L; ik=ke~A v?;Zik=ks.kvuqfer% O;;% ;L; l%A rL; j?kks%A

xke~ & ok.kh dksA xks 'kCn vusdkFkZd gSA bl LFkku ij ok.kh dkokpd gSA


19/119

18 'kk'orh

fu'kE; & lqudjA fu $ 'ke~$ Y;i~A

LokFkksZiifke~ & vius iz;kstu (dk;Z) dh flf dksA ;gkvFkZ'kCn iz;kstuokpd gSA

nqcZyk'k% & fujk'k gksrs gq,_ f'kfFky euksjFk gksrs gq,A nqcZyk vk'kk ;L;l%A

vokspr~ & cksykA op~$ (ifjHkk"k.ks) y~izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA

okrZe~ & oqQ'kyrk] uhjksxrkA ^okr] LokLF;e~] vkjksX;e~] vuke;e~* bfri;kZ;inkfuA

vosfg & tkuksA vo $ bfg (b.k~ xrkS) yksV~e;eiq#"k ,dopuA

lw;sZ rifr (lfr) & lw;ZosQ izdk'keku gksus ijA lrh lIreh iz;ksxA rifr & ri$ 'kr lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu (iqa-)

dFkadYisr & oSQls i;kZ Ir gksxk (leFkZughagksxk) Dy`i~(lkeF;sZ) fofkfy~A izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

rfek & vUkdkj lewgA ^rfek rqreLrrkS*A

'kjhjek=ks.k& osQoy 'kjhj lsA osQoya'kjhja'kjhjek=ke~A ek=kp~izR;;A

vkHkkfLk & lq 'kksfHkr gks jgs gksA vk $ Hkk (nhIrkS) yV~ e;e iq#"k,dopuA

rhFkZizfrikfnrfkZ% & lRik=kk sa dks lkjh lEifk nku djus okysA rhFks Z&lRik=k sizfrikfnrk&nkk f%&le` f% (lEir~) ;su l%A

vkj.;dk% & vj.; esa fuokl djus okys eqfutu vkfn vj.;s Hkok%vkj.;dk%A

LrEcsu & Mka B (MaBy) ek=k lsA r`rh;k foHkfDr ,dopuA

uhokj% & kkU; fo'ks "kA taxy esaLor% mRiUu gqvk kkU; fo'ks"kAvuU;dk;Z% & ftls fufnZ"V ms'; osQ vfrfjDr vU; dk;Zu gksA iz;kstukUrj& jfgr%A u fo|rs vU;dk; ;L; l%A vU;Pp rr~ dk;ZpvU;dk;Ze~A

vkgrqZe~ & xzg.k djus osQ fy;sA vk $ (gj.ks) $ rqe~A

;fr";s & iz;Ru d:xkA ;rh (iz;Rus) $ y`V~mke iq#"k cgqopuA


20/119

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 19

fuxZfyrkEcqxHk & ftlosQ xHkZ ls ty fudy pqdk gksA vECoso xHkZ% vEcqxHkZ%AfuxZfyr% vEcqxHkZ% ;Lekr~l%A

'kjn~/ue~ & 'kjr~ dkfyd es?kA

uknZfr & ;kpuk ugha djrk gSA u $ vnZfrA vn~Z(xrkS ;kpus p) yV~izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

pkrd% & iihgk (i{kh fo'ks"k) pkrd i{khA

izfr;krqdkee~ & ykSV tkus dh bPNk okys dksA izfr;krqadke% ;L; l% re~Aiz fr $ ;k (izki.ks) $ rqe~A ^rqadkeeulks jfi* bl vuq'kkluls ^rqe~* izR;; osQ edkj dk yksi gksrk gSA

fuf"k; & fuokj.k djA fuok;Z A fu $ f"kk~ (xR;ke~) $ Y;i~A

izns;e~ & nsus ;ksX;A iz $ nk (nkus) $ ;r~A

fd;r~ & fdrukA d ifjek.ke~ \A

vUo;q~Dr & iw NkA vuq$ ;qt~ $ y~ izFke iq #"k ,dopuA v;q~Drv;qtkrke~v;qtrA

;Fkkor~& fof/or~A 'kkL=kksaosQ fu;ekuq:iA

Le;kos'kfooftZrk; & tks xoZosQ vkos'k ls oftZr gksA xokZfHkfuos'k'kwU;k;A Le;% xoZ%A

o.khZ & czpkjhA o.kZ$ bu~A

vkpp{ks & dgus yxk FkkA vk $ pf{k~(O;Drk;kaokfp) fyV~izFkeiq#"k,dopuA

xqjos & fu;ked dksA iztkuka fu;kedk;A

xq#nf{k.kk;S & xq#nf{k.kk Lohdkj djus gsrqA

fpjk; & fpjdky ls (cgqr o"kksls@cgqr fnuksals)A ;g ,d vO;;gS ftl osQ vUr esaukuk foHkfDr;ksa osQ :i fn[kkbZiM+rs gSaAtSls fpje~] fpjkr~] fpjL;A ;s LkHkh lekukFkZd gSaA

vx.k;r~ & fxu fy;kA x.k~ (la[;kus) $ f.kp~$ y~A pqjkfn x.kA

iqjLrkr~ & lc ls igysA vO;;A

fucZUksu & ckj ckj izkFkZuk fd;s tkus lsA izkFkZukfr'k;suA


21/119

20 'kk'orh

vFkZdk';Ze~ & vFkZ ladV] nkfjn~z;A

vfpUrf;Rok & fcuk lkspsA uk~$ fprh (laKkus) $ f.kp~$ RokA

fo|kifjl~[;;k & fo|k dh x.kuk (la [;k) osQ vuqlkjA

vkgj & ykvksA vk $ $ yksV~A e;e iq#"k ,dopuA

,uksfuo`ksfUnz;o`fk% & ftrsfUnz ;A ikiks a ls fuo` k bfUnz ; o fk okysA ,u% iki]vijkkA

txkn & dgkA xn~ (O;Drk;kaokfp) $ fyV~A izFkeiq#"k ,dopuAJqrikjn'ok & 'kkL=kK] 'kkL=keeZKA JqrL; ikjan`"Voku~A Jqr $ ikj $ n`'k~$ fui~A

ldk'kkr~ & ikl lssA vO;;A

onkU;kUrje~ & nwljs nkrkA onkU;% nkuhA vU;% onkU;% onkU;kUrje~A

ekHkwr~ & u gksosA ek~$ vHkwr~A

ijhokn% & fuUnkA ^ifjokn* 'kCn Hkh fuUnkFkZd gSA

olu~ & jgrs gq,A ol~ (fuokls) $ 'krA izFkek foHkfDr] ,dopuA

prqFkZ% vfXu% bo & pkSFkh vfXu tSlkA nf{k.kkfXu] xkgZiR;kfXu vkSj vkgouh;kfXuuke ls vfXu osQ rhu izdkj gSaA

vXU;xkjs & vfXu'kkyk esa A ;K'kkyk esaA

RonFklkkf;rq a ;ko|rs & rqEgkjk iz;kstu iwjk djus osQ fy, ;Ru d:xkA ro $ vFkZe~] RonFkZe~ ;kor~ $ ;rsA ^;fr";s* bl vFkZ esa ^;rs* dk

iz;ksxA ;rh (iz;Rus) $ yV~] vkReusinhA mkeiq#"k ,dopuA

vforFke~ & lR;A forFke~ feF;k] u forFke~ vforFke~A

lje~ & izfrKk dksA ^laj* ukukFkZd 'kCn gSA

xke~ & Hkw fe dksA vusdkFkZd 'kCnApdes & bPNk dhA de~ (dkUrkS)] fyV~] vkReusinh] izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

dks"kxgs & [ktkus esaA ^dks'kx`g* in Hkh izpkj esagSA

'k'kalq% & dgk FkkA dFk;keklq %A 'kal~$ fyV~izFke iq#"k cgqopuA

uHkLr% & vkdk'k dh vksj lsA uHkl~$ rfly~A vO;;A


22/119


23/119

22 'kk'orh

2- dks"Bdkr~leqfpra ineknk; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d);'klk------------------------- vfrfFkaizR;qTtxkeA (izdk'k%] ".k%] vkfrFks;%)

([k) eku/ukxz;k;h------------------------- rikskue~mokpA (fo'kkEifr%] vrktfy%] dkSRl%)

(x) oqQ'kkxzcqs! ------------------------- oqQ'kyhA (rs f'k";%] rs xq#%] vxz.kh%)

(?k) gs jktu~loZ=k ------------------------- vosfgA (nq%[ke~] okrZe~] vlq[ke~)

() LrEcsu vof'k"V% ------------------------- bo vkHkkflA (kkU;e~] uhokj%] o{k%)

(p) gs fo}u~!-------------------------

xqjos fd;r~izns;e~A (Ro;k] e;k] yksosQu)(N) ------------------------- vfpUrf;Rok xq#.kk vgeqDr% ('kjhjDys'ke~] vFkZdk';Ze~] jksxDys'ke~)

3- vkks fyf[krkuka lizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k dk;kZ&

(d)dksVh'prks n'k pkgjA

([k) ekHkwRijhoknuokorkj%A

(x) f}=kk.;gkU;gZfl lks


24/119

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 23

6- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka leqfpra ;kstua oqQ#r&

(v) (vk)

(d) rs (1) prq nZ'k

([k) pr% n'k p (2) xq #nf{k.kkFkhZ

(x) vL[kfyrksipkjka (3) vgkfu

(?k) pSrU;e~ (4) LofLr vLrq () dkSRl% (5) izcksk% izdk'kks ok

(p) f}=kkf.k (6) HkfDre~

7- izfriz R;;foHkkx% f;rke~&

(d) vFkhZ ([k) e` .e;e~ (x) 'kkflrq% (?k) vof'k"V% () mDRok (p) izLrqre~

(N) mDr% (t) vokI; (>) yCke~(k) vos{;A

8- foHkfDr&fy&opukfnfunsZ'kiwoZoa Q inifjp;aoqQ#r&

(d)tuL; ([k) }kS (x) rkS (?k) lqesjks% () iz kr% (p) ldk'kkr~ (N) es

(t) Hkw;% (>) fokL; (k) xq#.kk

9- vkks fyf[krkuka f;kinkuke~vU;s"kq iq#"kopus"kq:ikf.k fy[kr&

(d) vxzghr~ ([k) fnns'k (x) vHkwr~ (?k) txkn () mRlgrs (p) vnZfr

(N) ;kprs (t) vokspr~

10- vkksfyf[krkuka inkuka foyks e inkfu fy[kr&

(d) fu%'ks"ke~([k) vlr~ (x) mnkjke~ (?k) v'kqHke~() leLre~11- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka okD;s"kqiz;ksxaoqQ#r&

(d) u`i% ([k) vFkhZ(x) Hkklqje~ (?k) of"V% () foke~(p) onkU;% (N) f}tjkt%

(t) xoZ% (>) ?ku% (k) okrZe~


25/119

24 'kk'orh

12- v/ksfyf[krkuke~ vUo;a oqQ#r&

(d) l e.e;s ohrfgj.e;Rokr~------------------------- vkfrFks;%A

([k) lekIrfo|su e;k egf"kZ% ------------------------- iqjLrkr~A

(x) l Roaiz'kLrs efgrs enh;s------------------------- RonFkZe~A

13- vkksfyf[krs"kq iz;qDrkuke~ vyjk.kka funsZ'kaoqQ#r&

(d) ^;rLRo;k Kkue'ks"kekIrayksosQu

pSrU;feoks".kj'es%*AA

([k) 'kjhjek=ks.k ujsUnz! fr"B Hkkfl------------------------- bokof'k"V%AA

(x) raHkwifrHkkZlqjgsejkf'ka------------------------- otzfHke~AA

14- vkksfyf[krs"kqNUn% fufnZ';rke~&

(d) reojs fo'oftfr f{krh'ka------------------------- ojrUrqf'k";%AA

([k) xqoZFkZeFkhZJqrikjn`'ok------------------------- uokorkj%AA

(x) l Roa iz'kLrs efgrs------------------------- RonFkZe~AA

15- ^j?kq&dkSRllaokna* ljylaLrHkk"k;k Lodh;S% okD;S% fo'kn;rA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%dkfynklh;k dkO;'kSyh ln;kukaeuks furjkajt;frA izfregkdkO;alqyfyrS% lqekqjS% izlknxq.kHkfjrS% p 'kCnlUnHkSZ% euksgkfj.k% laoknku~ dfo% lek;kst;frA r=k n; ek% ifjljlfUuos'kk%vkJeksioukn;%] yrkxqYekn;%] 'kqd&fid&e;wj&ejUn&gfj.kkn;% LoHkkoje.kh;k% dfouk fp=;UrsA

rkn` 'kk% laoknk% dkfynklh;egkdkO;;ks% lUR;usos QA ;Fkk&j?kqoa 'ks ,o f}rh;lxsZ lg&fnyhi;ks%laokns&

^vyaeghiky ro Jes.k iz;qDreI;L=kferks oFkk L;kr~Au ikniksUewyu'kfDrjag% f'kyksPp;s ewPNZfr ek#rL;AA**

j?kqoa'ke~ 2-34

lEcUkekHkk"k.kiwoZekgqo`Zk% l ukS lr;ksoZukUrsArn~HkwrukFkkuqx! ukgZfl RoalEcfU/uks es iz.k;a fogUrqe~AA

j?kqoa'ke~ 2-58


26/119

j?kqdkSRllaokn% 25

dkfynkl% miekykjfiz;%A rL; losZ"kqdkO;s"kqmiek;k% n;gkjhf.k mnkgj.kkfu yH;UrsA ;Fkk&

oU;o fkfjeka 'k'onkRekuqxeus u xke~Afo|keH;lususo izlknf;rqegZflAA

j?kqoa'ke~ 1-88

v?;Ze~ & v?;Ze~bfr insu vfrfFklRdkjkFkl~xzkanzO;e~vfHk/h;rsA Hkkjrh;k;ke~vfrfFklRdkjijEijk;ke~ ,rs"kkanzO;k.kkafurjka egoaorZrsA rkfu nzO;kf.k nwjknkxrL; vfrfFktuL;v?oJee~ viusraqleFkkZfu_ vr ,o rkfu v?;ZnzO;s"kqLFkkua HktUrsA v?kZL;] v?;ZL;

ok nzO;kf.k rq & nwokZ] v{krkfu] l"kZ;k%] iq"ikf.k lqxU/hfu] pUnukfnlqxfU/nzO;kf.k]Loknq'khryatypA v?kZ% v?;ok vfrFkhuke~mipkjkFk] vknjkFk ok fo/h;r bfr;kKoyD;% izkgA r|Fkk&

^nwokZ l"kZiiq"ik.kkanok?k iw.kZetfye~* bfrA

fo|k &izkphudkys prqnZ'k fo|k% ikB~;Urs LeA rk% Le`fr"kqmfYyf[krk% lfUrA r|Fkk

v kfu osnk'pRokjks ehekalk U;k;foLrj%Aiqjk.ka /eZ'kkL=ka p fo|k srk'prqnZ'kAA

f'k{kk] O;kdj.ka] NUn%] fu#Dra] T;kSfr"ka] dYi% bfr "kV~ osnk kfu_ o~ Q] lke];tq%] vFkoZ.k bfr pRokjks osnk%A osnkFkZfopkjk; izo`kaehekalk'kkL=ke~] U;k;foLrj'kCnsuKk;ekuk vkUohf{kdh] n.Muhfr%] okrkZ] p_ v"Vkn'k&iqjk.kfu_ keZ'kkL=kp prqnZ'k&fo|klqvUrHkZofUrA

eU=k% &eU=k bfr inaêf=k* (xqIrHkk"k.ks) /krks% ?kk~izR;;s rs fu"i%] f"kfHk% n`"Vkuke~vkuqiwokZiz/kukuke~X;tqLlkekFkokZ[;kukalkekU;s u ckskde~A izR;soa Q osns vUrxZrkuka

eU=kk.kkackskdr;k fHkk% fHkk% 'kCnk% iz;qT;UrsA osQoye~~eU=k.kkars ^p*bfr lkeeU=kk.kka^lkekfu* bfr] ;tqeZU=kk.kka^;twaf"k* bfr vFkoZeU=kk.kka^vkFkokZ* bfr

p laKkAKkukFkZdkr~ êu~* /krks% vfi eU=k'kCnL; O;qRifka izn'kZ;fUrA ;kukoLFkk;kaeU=kku~"k;% vi';u~bfr dkj.kkr~rs êU=knz "Vkj* bR;qP;UrsA loZnk euuaoqQoZfUr] ;kueXukHkofUr bfr dkj.kkr~ "k;% eU=kr bR;fi mP;UrsA


27/119

26 'kk'orh

cgqHkk"kkKkue~ & vkksfyf[krkuke~vU;Hkk"kk'kCnkukalekukFkZdkfu inkfu ikBs vUos"VO;kfu

estcku (Host) vxokuh (to receive) ftn (insistance)

fof'k"VokD;fuekZ.kdkS'kye~

^lw;sZrifr dFka rfek*&,rRln'kkfu okD;kfu fuesZ;kfu

1- lw;sZvLre~------------------------- (xe~) pUnz mnsfrA

2- ef; ekxsZ------------------------- (LFkk) ;kue~vkxre~A

3- rfLeu~------------------------- (izPN~) vge~mkje~v;PNe~A

vusdkFkZd'kCn% &ikB~ka'ks n`"Vkuke~vusdkFkZd'kCnkukal~xzgaRok ukuk vFkkZu~mfYYk[krA

dkO;lkSUn;Zcks/% & dkfynklL; vU;s"kq dkO;s"kq & rqlagkj&es?knwr;ks%] ekyfodkfXufe=k&foekSoZ'kh;kfHkKku'kkoqQUrys"kqoqQekjlEHkos p Hkof% voyksfdrk% vykjS%lq'kksfHkrk% 'yksdk% l~xzkk%] dkO;lkSUn;p leqiLFkkiuh;e~A

fp=kys [kue~ &dkfynklra izfrfp=k.ke~] vkJefp=k.ka] o{kknhuka i'kqif{k.kka p fp=k.ka'yksdksYys[kuiwoZoaQ iQyosQ"kqi=ks"kqok o.kSZ% ysiuh;e~A


28/119

r`rh;% ikB%

ckydkSrqde~

iz Lrqr ikB d#.k jl os Q vuq ie fprs js egkdfo HkoHkw fr fojfpr mkjjkepfjre~ ukedizfl ukVd osQ prqFkZvad ls ladfyr fd;k x;k gSA jktk jke }kjk fuokZflrk Hkxorh lhrkosQ tqM+okiq=kksayo ,oaoqQ'k dk egf"kZokYehfd osQ }kjk ikyu&iks"k.k fd;k x;k] mUgsa'kL=kksa,oa'kkL=kksadh f'k{kk nh x;h rFkk Lojfpr jkek;.k osQ lLoj xku dk vH;kl djk;k x;kAegf"kZokYehfd osQ vkJe esavfrfFk :i esai/kjs jktf"kZtud] dkSlY;k ,oav#U/rh [ksyrsgq, ckydksaosQ chp ,d ckyd esajke ,oalhrk dh Nk;k ns[krs gSaA os mUgsacqykdj xksn esafcBkdj okRlY; dh o"kkZdjrs gS aA brus es a gh pUnzosQrq}kjk jf{kr jktk jke dk v'oeskh;v'o vkJe esaizos'k djrk gSA uxjh; v'o dks ns[kdj vkJe osQ ckydksaesa dkSrwgy mRiUu

gksrk gSA os mls ns[kus osQ fy, yo dks Hkh cqyk ykrs gSaA yo ?kksM+s dks ns[krs gh tku tkrsgSa fd ;g v'oeskh; ?kksM+ k gSA j{kdks a dh ?kks"k.kk lqudj ckyd yo ?kksM+s dks vkJe esays

tkdj ck/us dk vkns'k nsrs gSaA bldk vR;Ur ekfeZd fp=k.k bl ikB es a gqvk gSA(usiF;sdydy%A losZvkd.kZ;fUr)

tud% % v;s] f'k"Vku;k; bR;L[kfyra[ksyrkacVwukadksykgy%AdkSlY;k % lq yHklkS[;fenkuha ckyRoa HkofrA vgks] ,rs"kka e;s d ,"k

jkeHknzL; eqX/yfyrSjSnkZjdksLekoaQ ykspus 'khry;fr\v#U/rh % oq Qoy;nyfLuX/';ke% f'k[k.Mde.Muks

oVqifj"knaiq.;Jhd% fJ;So lHkkt;u~A

iqujfi f'k'kqHkwZrks oRl% l es j?kquUnuks>fVfr oqQ#rs n`"V% dks;an`'kksjerktue~AA1AAtud% % (fpjafuoZ.;Z ) Hkks% fdeI;srr~A

efgEukesrfLeu~ fou;f'kf'kjks ekSX;el.kksfonXkSfuZxzkZks u iqujfonXkSjfr'k;% Aeuks es laeksgfLFkjefi gjR;s"k cyoku~v;ks/krqa;}Rifjy?kqj;LdkUr'kdy% AA


29/119

28 'kk'orh

yo% % (izfo';] Loxre~) vfoKkro;% ekSfpR;kr~iw T;kufi lr%dFkefHkoknf;";s\ (fofpUR;) v;a iqujfo#izdkj bfr o`sH;% Jw;rsA (lfou;eqil`R;) ,"k oks yoL; f'kjlkiz.kkei;kZ;%A

v#U/rhtudkS % dY;kf.ku~! vk;q"eku~Hkw;k%A

dkSlY;k % tkr! fpja thoA

v#U/rh % ,fg oRl! (yoeqRls xghRok vkRexre~)fn"V~;k u osQoy&eqRlf'pjkUeuksjFkksfi es iwfjr%A

dkSlY;k % tkr! brksfi rkonsfgA (mRls x`ghRok) vgks] u osQoyaekalyksTToys u nsgcU/s u] dygal?kks "k& ?k?kZjkuq ukfnuk Lojs.kp jkeHknzeuqljfrA tkr! i';kfe rs eq[kiq.Mjhde~A (fpcqd&eqUue;] fu:I;] lok"ikowQre~) jkt"ksZ! fdau i';fl\ fuiq.ka

fu:I;ek.kks oRlk;k es ook eq[kpUnzs.kkfi laonR;soA

tud% % i';kfe] lf[k! i';kfeA (fu:I;)oRlk;k'p j?kw}gL; p f'k'kkofLeUufHkO;T;rs]lao`fk% izfrfcEcrso fuf[kyk lSokfr% lk |qfr% Alk ok.kh fou;% l ,o lgt% iq.;kuqHkkoksI;lkSgk gk nsfo fdeqRiFkSeZe eu% ikfjIyoa/kofr AA

dkSlY;k % tkr! vfLr rs ekrk\ Lejfl ok rkre~\

yo% % ufgA

dkSlY;k % rr% dL; Roe~ \

yo% % Hkxor% lq x`ghruke/s;L; okYehosQ%A

dkSlY;k % vf; tkr! dFkf;rO;a dFk;A

yo% % ,rkonso tkukfeA

(izfo'; lEHkzkUrk%)


30/119

ckydkSrqde~ 29

cVo% % oqQekj! oqQekj! v'oks'o bfr dksfi Hkwrfo'ks"kks tu&ins"ouqJw;rs] lks;e/qukLekfHk% Lo;aizR;{khr%A

yo% % ^v'oks'o* bfr uke i'kqlekEuk;s lkaxzkfeosQ p iB~;rs] rn~czwrdhn'k%\

cVo% % v;s] Jw;rke~i'pkRiqPNaogfr foiqyarPp kwuksR;te~

nh?kZxzho% l Hkofr] [kqjkLrL; pRokj ,o A'k"ik.;fk] izfdjfr 'kr~fi.Mdkukezek=kku~fdaO;k[;kuSozZtfr l iqunwZjessfg ;ke% AA

(bR;ftusgLr;ks'pkd"kZfUr)

yo% % (ldkSrqdksijks/fou;e~A) vk;kZ%! i';rA ,fHkuhZrksfLeA (bfrRofjraifjkefrA)

v#U/rhtudkS % egRdkSrqoa Q oRlL;A

dkSlY;k % vj.;xHkZ:ikykiS;wZ;a rks f"krk o;apA Hkxofr! tkukfe ra i';Urh ofprsoA rLekfnrksU;rks HkwRok izs{kkegs rkor~iyk;ekuanh?kkZ;q"ke~A

v#U/rh % vfrtosu nwjefrkUr% l piy% dFkan`';rs\ (izfo';)

cVo% % i';rq oqQekjLrkonk'p;Ze~A

yo% % n"VeoxrapA uwuek'oesf/dks;e'o%A

cVo% % dFka Kk;rs\

yo% % uuq ew[kkZ%! ifBreso fg ;q"ekfHkjfi rRdk.Me~A d u i';Fk\izR;soa Q 'krla [;k% dofpuks nf.Muks fu"kf .k'p jf{krkj%A;fn p foizR;;LrRiPNrA

cVo% % Hkks Hkks%! diz;kstuks;e'o% ifjor% i;ZVfr\


31/119

30 'kk'orh

yo% % (lLi`gekRexre~) ^v'oes/* bfr uke fo'ofotf;uka {kf=k;k.kk&ewtZLoy% loZ{k=kifjHkkoh egku~mRd"kZfud"k%A (usiF;s)

;ks;e'o% irkosQ;eFkok ohj?kks "k.kk A

lIryksoS QdohjL; n'kd.BoqQyf}"k% AA

yo% % (lxoZe~)A vgks! lanhiukU;{kjkf.kA

cVo% % fdeq P;rs\ izkK% [kyqoqQekj%A

yo% % Hkks Hkks%! rfRde{kf=k;k ifFkoh\ ;nsoeqn~?kks";rs\ (usiF;s)

js] js] egkjktaizfr d% {kf=k;%\

yo% % f/x~ tkYeku~A

;fn uks lfUr lUR;so osQ;e| foHkhf"kdk A

fdeqDrSjsfHkj/quk rkairkdkagjkfe o% AA

gs cVo%! ifjoR; yks"BSjfHk?uUr miu;rSue'oe~A ,"k jksfgrkukae;spjks

HkorqA(izfo'; lks/%)


32/119

ckydkSrqde~ 31

iq#"k% % f/o~ Q piy! fdeqDrokufl\ rh{.krjk k;q/Js.k;% f'k'kksjfi nIrkaokpau lgUrsA jktiq=k'pUnzosQrqnqZnkZUr%] lksI;iwokZj.;n'kZukf{kIrn;ksu ;konk;kfr] rkor~Rofjreusu r#xgusukiliZrA

cVo% % oqQekj! ra re'osuA rtZ;fUr foLiQkfjr'kjkluk% oqQekj&ek;qkh;Js.k;%A nwjs pkJeine~A brLrnsfgA gfj.kIyqrS% iyk;kegsA

yo% % d uke foLiq QjfUr 'kL=kkf.k\

(bfr /uqjkjksi;fr)

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

f'k"Vku;k;% & f'k"Vs"kq (vkIrs"kq) vu;k;% f'k"Vkxeuiz;qDrksu;k;%A cM+ s yksxksaos Q vkus ij vodk'kA

vL[kfyre~ & vfu;fU=kre~ ] csjksdVksdA

lqyHklkS[;e~ & lqyHkalkS[;efLeu~A bles a (cpiu esa) lq[k lqyHk gksrk gSA

eqX/yfyrS% & eqX/S% euksgjS% yfyrS%&lqoqQekjS%A euksgj o lqoqQekjA

oqQoy;nyfLuX/& & oqQoy;e~&uhydeye~rL; nye~&i=ke~

';ke% & rL; bo fLuX/%&el.k% ';ke%&".ko.kZ%A uhy dey&ny osQ leku fLuX/ (fpduk) rFkk ';keo.kZA

f'k[k.Mde.Mu% & dkdi{k'kks fHkr%A dkdi{kksa(?kq?kjkys ckyksa) ls vy~rA

iq.;Jhd% & iq.;k&vykS fddh Jh 'kksHkk ;L;A vykS fdd 'kksHkk& lEiUuA

n'kksje`rktue~ & n`'kks%&us=k;ks%] verktue~&vere;e~vtue~] vk[kksaesave`re;

vtuAfou;f'kf'kj% & fou;su&fouezr;k] f'kf'kj%&'khry%A fou; ls 'khry (efgEukefr'k;%dk fo'ks"k.k)A

ekSX;el.k% & ekSX;su&e/qjLoHkkor;k] el.k%&dksey% loZHkkoqd& tuLig.kh;%Aekqj LoHkko osQ dkj.k dksey] Li`g.kh;A

fonX/S% & lw{eefrfHk%A foosfd;ksaosQ }kjkA


33/119

32 'kk'orh

lEeksgfLFkje~ & lEeksgsu&'kksdk?kkrs u] fLFkje~&tMhHkw rfeo] lhrk fuokZluosQ dkj.k 'kksdk?kkr ls laKk'kwU; lk tM+A

v;LdkUr'kdy% & v;LdkUr/krks%&pqEcdL; 'kdy%&vo;o% ([k.M%)]pqEcd dk NksVk&lk VqdM+kA

vfoKkro;%ekSfpR;kr~ & vfoKkre~ o;% ekSfpR;e~&voLFkk e (vk;qes a NksVscM+s dk e) dk Kku u gksus lsA

iz.kkei;kZ;% & ;Fkkea iz.kkeijaijkA vkSfpR; e osQ vuqlkj iz.kkeA

mRls & ksMsA xksn esaAekalyksTToysu & eka lysu&ifjiq"Vsu cyork mTToysu&izdk'k;qDrsu] rstfLoukA

cfy"B vkSj rstLohA

dygal?kks"k?k?kZjkuqukfnuk & dyga lL; ;ks ?kks "k%&'kCn% rL; vuqukfnuk&vuqdkfj.kkAe/q j d.Bokys ga l os Q Loj dk vuqdj.k djus okys(Loj ls)A

eq[kiq.Mjhde~ & eq[keso iq.Mjhde~&'osrdeye~] eq[k:ih deyA

iq.;kuqHkko% & iq.;'pklkS vuqHkko% ifo=k%&izHkko%] ekgkRE;e~] iq.;

izHkkoA vuqHkko% izHkkos p lrka p efrfu'p;sAvfHkO;T;rs & vfHk $ fo $ vt~ /krq $ yV~ (deZokP;)]

izFke iq#"k ,dopu] vfHkO;Dr gksrk gSA

mRiFkS% & mUekxSZ%A mUekxkslsA

ikfjIyoe~ & ppye~ A

i'kqlekEuk;s & i'kq oxZo.kZuijs 'kkL=ks] i'kq'kkL=k esaA

lkaxzkfeosQ & laxzke o.kZuijs 'kkL=ks] laxzke'kkL=k esaA/quksfr & /wk~ $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu (Lokfnx.k]

'uqfodj.k)] fgykrk jgrk gSAvte~ & fujUrje~ ] yxkrkjA

nh?kZxzho% & nh?kkZ xzhok ;L; l%] ftldh xnZu yEch gSA

izfdjfr & iz $ o Q $ yV~$ izFke iq #"k ,dopu (rq nkfn] 'kfodj.k)] fc[ksjrk gSA R;kxrk gSA

'kr~ & iqjh"ke~ A eyA


34/119

ckydkSrqde~ 33

vkezek=kku~ & vkeziQyrqY;ku~A vke osQ iQyksatSlkA

ldkSrqdksijks/fou;e~ & dkSrqoQu] mijks/su] fou;su p lfgre~] dkSrwgy] vkxzgvkSj fou; osQ lkFkA

vj.;xHkZ:ikykiS% & vj.;xHkkZ .kka&oufuokfluka(ckydkuka) :iS%& 'kjhjlkS"BoS%]vkykiS%&okrkZfHk%A ouoklh ckydksaosQ 'kjhj lkSUn;ZvkSj

ckrphr lsA

iyk;ekue~ & ijk $ v;~ $ yV~ & 'kkup~ vkn s'k (/kr q)

milxZL;k;rks ijk osQ j~dks y~vkns'k f}rh;k ,dopu]nkSM+rs gq, dksA

nh?kkZ;q"ke~ & nh?kZ e~ vk;q% ;L; l% nh?kkZ;q%] re~A fpjk;qdks v'oes/;K lEcU/hA

fu"kf.k & fu"k k% lfUr ;s"kke~rs fu"kf.k%A fu"k $ bfu] (iq-)izFkek foHkfDr cgqopuA rjdl/kjhA

foizR;;% & lUnsg] fo $ iz fr $ b.k~/krq$ vp~izR;;A

mQtZLoy% & mQtksZL;kLrhfr mQtZLoy%] mQtZl~$ oyp~A 'kfDr'kkyhA

loZ{k=kifjHkkoh & leLr ('k=kq) jktkvksadks ijkftr djus okyhAmRd"kZfud"k% & mRd"kZ L; fudFk%] mRd"kZdh dlkSVhA

lIryksoSQdohjL; & lIryksosQ"kq,dohjL;] lkrksayksdksaesa ,dek=k ohj dkA

n'kd.BoqQyf}"k% & n'kd.BL; oq Qya}sf"V bfr n'kd.BoqQyf}V~&rL;A jko.kos Q oqQy osQ }s"khA

lUnhiukU;{kjkf.k & lUnhiukfu $ v{kjkf.kA ;s v{kj (dFku) cM+s kskksRikndgSaA

yks"BS% &


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34 'kk'orh

foLiQkfjr'kjkluk% & foLiQkfjrkfu 'kjklukfu ;SLrsA cgqozhfg leklA kuq"kksadks rkus gq,A

gfj.kIyqrS% & gfj.kkuka IyqrSfjo IyqrS%A gfj.kksadh Hkkfr owQnrs gq,A

iyk;kegs & Hkkx tk, A ijk $ v;~/krq$ yV~ $ mke iq#"kcgqopu milxZL;k;rks ls ijk osQ j~dks y~] HkkxpyasA

foLiqQjfUr & fo $ jiq Qj~ $ yV~$ izFke iq#"k cgqopu] ped

jgs gSaAvkjksi;fr & (/uq"k) p


36/119

ckydkSrqde~ 35

3- fgUnhHkk"k;k lizlO;k[;kaoqQ#r&

(d) loZ{k=kifjHkkoh egku~mRd"kZfud"k%A

([k) d O;k[;kuSozZtfr l iqunwZjessfg ;ke%A

(x) lqyHklkS[;fenkuhackyRoaHkofrA

(?k) >fVfr oqQ#rs n`"V% dks;an`'kksje`rktue~\

4- vkksfyf[krkfu dFkukfu d% oa Q izfr dFk;fr&

d% oa Q izfr

(d) vfLr rs ekrk\ Lejfl ok rkre~\ ----------------------- -----------------------

([k) fn"V~;k u osQoyeqRl% euksjFkksfi es iwfjr%A ----------------------- -----------------------

(x) oRlk;k'p j?kw}gL; p f'k'kkofLefHkO;T;rsA ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) lks;e/qukLekfHk% Lo;aizR;{khr%A ----------------------- -----------------------

() brksU;rks HkwRok isz{kkegs rkoRiyk;ekua nh?kkZ;q"ke~A ----------------------- -----------------------(p) f/o~Q piy! fdeqDrokuflA ----------------------- -----------------------

5- v/ksfyf[krokD;kukafjDrLFkkukfu funsZ'kkuqlkja iwj;r&

(d) d ,"k----------------------- jkeHknzL; eqX/yfyrSjXSnkZjdksLekoaQ ykspus -----------------------

(f;kinsu)

([k) ,"k----------------------- es lEeksgufLFkjefi eu% gjfrA (drZ`insu)

(x)

-----------------------

! brksfi rkonsfg! (lEcks/usu)(?k) ^v'oks'o* ----------------------- uke i'kqlekEuk;s lkaxzkfeosQ p iB~;rsA (vO;;su)

() ;q"ekfHkjfi rRdk.Ma----------------------- ,o fgA (nUrinsu)

(p) ,"k oks yoL;----------------------- iz.kkei;kZ;% (dj.kinsu)


37/119

36 'kk'orh

6- v/% leLrinkukafoxzgk% nkk%A mngkj.keuql`R; leLrinkfu jp;r] leklukekfip fy[krA

mnkgj.ke~& i'kwukalekEuk;%] rfLeu~i'kqlekEuk;s&"k"Bh rRiq#"k%

(d) fou;su f'kf'kj% ----------------------- -----------------------

([k) v;LdkUrL; 'kdy% ----------------------- -----------------------

(x) nh?kkZxzhok ;L; l% ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) eq[ke~,o iq.Mjhde~----------------------- -----------------------

() iq.;% pklkS vuqHkko% ----------------------- -----------------------

(p) u L[kfyre~ ----------------------- -----------------------

7- v/ksfyf[krikfjHkkf"kd'kCnkukaleqfprkFksZ u esyua oqQ#r&

(d) usiF;s (d) izdV:i esa

([k) vkRexre~ ([k) ns[kdj

(x) izdk'ke~ (x) insZosQ ihNs

(?k) fu:I; (?k) vius eu esa() mRlXs x`ghRok () izos'k djosQ

(p) izfo'; (p) vius eu esa

(N) lxoZe~ (N) xksn esa fcBk dj

(t) Loxre~ (t) xoZ osQ lkFk

8- ikBekfJR; fgUnhHkk"k;k yoL; pkfjf=kdoSf'k"V~;a fy[kr&

9- vkksfyf[krs"kq 'yksosQ"kq NUnksfunsZ 'k% f;rke~&

(d) efgEukesrfLeu~ fou;f'kf'kjks ekSX;el`.kksA([k) oRlk;k'p j?kw}gL; p f'k'kkofeLefHkO;T;rsA

(x) i'pkRiqPNaogfr foiqya rPp /quksR;te~A

10- ikBekfJR; mRisz{kky~dkjL; mieky~dkjL; p mnkgj.ka fy[kr&


38/119

ckydkSrqde~ 37

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

(d) HkoHkw fr% laLrlkfgR;L; izeq[kks egkdfojklhr~A

^^dfookZDifrjktJhHkoHkwR;kfnlsfor%A

ftrks ;;kS ;'kksoekZrn~xq.kLrqfrofUnrke~AA** bfr dYg.kjfprjktrjf.khLFk'yksosQu ifjKk;rs;n;e~v"Ve'krkCn~;kaorZekuL; dkU;oqQCts'ojL; ;'kksoeZ .k% lelkef;d vklhr~A

vusu egkdfouk =khf.k ukVdkfu jfprkfu&ekyrhekkoe~] egkohjpfjre~mkjjkepfjrapA

mkjjkepfjraHkoHkwrs% loks ZR"Vk jpukLrhfr fo}Rleqnk;s b;eqfDr% izflk orZrs

^^mkjs jkepfjrs HkoHkwfrfoZf'k";rsA**

vL; ukVdL; dFkkoLrq jkek;.kkkkfjrefLrA v=k JhjkeL; jkT;kfHk"ksdkuUrjeqkja pfjraof.kZre~] iwoZpfjrUrqHkoHkwfrfojfprs egkohjpfjrs izfrikfnre~A vr ,o mkja jkeL; pfjra;fLeu~rr~mkjjkepfjre~A vFkok mkje~ mR"VajkeL; pfjra;fLeu~rr~mkjjkepfjre~

bfr ukVdL; ukedj.kalehphuaorZrsA lhrkifjR;kxsuk=k jkeL;ksR"VjkT;keZikyuozrRoalwP;rsA;|fi HkoHkwfr% d#.kjlL;kfHkO;Dr;s lfo'ks"ka iz'kL;rs] ijUrq izLrqrs ukV~;ka'ks okRlY;L;Hkko% eeZLi`'kaizdfVr%A rFkSo gkL;jlL;kfi #fpjk vfHkO;fDrj=k ltkrkA

([k)v'oesk% & v'oesk;K% izkphudkys jkT;foLrkjk; jk"Vs p dj.kh;% ;K% vklhr~AvfLeu~;Ks jkKkacyL; ijkeL; p ijh{kk Hkofr LeA ;KdrkZu`i% Lojkf"V;izrhde'oa

p lSU;cyS% lg Hkwe.My&Hkze.kk; isz"k;fr LeA ;ks ui% LojkT;s lekxre'oa fuckZkaxUrqizkfn'kr~] l ;Kd=ksZjkKs djns;rkaLohdjksfr LeA ;% re'oe#.kr~l vk'oesfkd&uiL;kkhurkaukhdjks fr LeA rnk mHk;kscZy;kseZ;s ;qa Hkofr Le r=kS o p u`ik.kka ijke% ijh{;rs

LeA 'kriFkczk.ks jk"VkFksZiz;qDre~&^jk"VaoS v'o%* bfrA

(x) ^ckydkSrqde~* bfrikBL; lkfHku;aukV~;iz;ksxaoqQ#rA

(?k) xq#oqQyijEijk;kackydkukars xq:u~iz fr vfHkoknuL; dhn`'k% f'k"Vkpkj% v=k fpf=kr%bfr fu:I;rke~A rFkSo xqjo% dFke~vk'khoZpka fl v;PNu~bR;fi Ks;e~A

() okrkZykikFklaLrHkk"kk;k% lqpk#iz;ksxL; mnkgj.kkfu ikBkr~vUos"VO;kfuA


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prqFkZ% ikB%

deZxkSjoe~

izLrqr ikB] Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk osQ f}rh; ,oe~r`rh; v;k;ksals lax`ghr gSA Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk ogfo'oizfl xzUFkjRu gS] fTklesaJh".k us fo"kknxzLr vtqZu dks dkZO; dk mins'k nsdj keZj{kkFkZ;q os Q fy, izs fjr fd;k FkkA dekasZesaoqQ'kyrk dks gh ;ksx crk;k x;k gSA vr% lHkh dksfu%laxHkko ls lnk loZ fgr os Q dk;ksZa esa layXu jguk pkfg,A ;gh mifu"knks a dk Hkh lUns'kgS&oqQoZUUksosg dekZf.k ftthfo"ksPNralek%A

cqf;qDrks tgkrhg mHks lqrnq"rsA

rLek|ksxk; ;qT;Lo ;ksx% deZlq dkS'kye~ AA1AA

fu;ra oq QjQ deZ Roa deZ T;k;ks deZ.k%A 'kjhj;k=kkfi p rs u izfln~;sndeZ.k% AA2AA


40/119

deZxkSjoe~ 39

u deZ.kkeukjEHkkUuS"dE;Ze~ iqjQ"kks'uqrsA

u p lUU;luknso flfa lef/xPNfr AA3AA

u fg df'pR{k.kefi tkrq fr"BR;deZr~A

dk;Zrs o'k% deZ loZ% izfrtSxqZ.kS% AA4AA

rLeknlDr% lrradk; deZ lekpjA

vlDrks kpjUdeZ ijekIuks fr iwjQ"k% AA5AA

deZ.kS o fg la flfekfLFkrk tudkn;%A

yksdlaxzgesokfi lai';UdrqZegZfl AA6AA

;|nkpjfr Js"BLrknsosrjks tu%A

l ;Rizek.ka oqQjQrs yksdLrnuqorZrs AA7AA

u cqfHksna tu;snKkuka deZlfuke~Atks"k;sRloZdekZ f.k fo}kU;q Dr% lekpju~AA8AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

tgkrhg & tgkfr $ bg] /krq $ yV~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] ;gk](bl yksd esa) R;kx nsrk gSA

lqrnq"rs & lqrap nq"rap] }U} lekl] iq.; vkSj ikiA

;qT;Lo & ;qt~/krq(vkReusin) $ yksV~$ e;e iq#"k ,dopu] iz;RudjksA

vkfLFkrk% & vkM+ $ LFkk /krq$ Dr] izFke iq#"k cgqopu] izkIr gq, FksA

yksdlaxzgesokfi & yksdlaxzge~$ ,o $ vfi] yksdlaxzg dks HkhA

vgZfl & vgZ ~/krq$ yV~$ e;e iq#"k ,dopu] ;ksX; gksA


41/119

40 'kk'orh

vkpjfr & vkM+ $ pj~ /krq $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] vkpj.kdjrk gSA

brj% & vU; yksx] lc yksxA

vuqorZrs & vuq $ o` r~ /krq$ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] vuqlj.kdjrk gSA

u tu;sr~ & tu~ /krq$ f.kp~$ fof/fy~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] mRiUuughadjuk pkfg,A

deZlfuke~ & deZ es vklDr euq";ka s dkAtks"k;sr~ & tq"k $ /krq] f.kp~] fof/fy~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] djokuk

pkfg,] yxuk pkfg,A

oqQ# & Mqk~ $ (ijLeSin) yksV~$ e;e iq#"k ,dopu] djksA

T;k;% & iz'kL; $ bZ ;lqu~] uiaq $ izFke foHkfDr ,dopu] Js"B gSA

deZ.k% & fg $ vdeZ .k%] D;kas fd deZu djus lsA

'kjhj;k=kkfi & ykSfddO;ogkj% ('kjhj;k=kk $ vfi) 'kjhjfuokZg HkhA

izfln~;sndeZ.k% & izfln~;sr~$ vdeZ.k%]deZ u djus ls fln~/ ugha gksxkA

deZ.kkeukjEHkkUuS"dE;Ze~ & deZ .kke~$ vu~$ vkjEHkkr~ $ uS"dE;Ze~] deksZadk vkjEHkfd;s fcuk fu"deZrk dksA

v'uqrs & v'k~ yV~izFke iq#"k ,dopu] izkIr djrk gSA

lef/xPNfr & le~ $ vf/ $ xe~ /krq $ yV~ $ izFke iq#"k ,dopu]izkIr djrk gSA

tkrq & (vO;;)] dHkhA

u fr"BR;deZr~ & fr"Bfr $ vdeZ r~] deZ fd;s fcuk ughajgrkA

lekpj & le~ $ vkM+ $ pj~ /krq $ yksV~ e;e iq #"k ,dopu]

HkyhHkkfr djksAvlDr% & lt~ /krq$ Dr lDr% u lDr% vlDr%] uk~rRiqjQ"k lekl]

vuklDr gksdjA

vkpju~ & vk~ $ pj~$ 'kr] izFkek ,dopu] djrk gqvkAvkIuksfr vki~ /krq$ yV~$ izFke iq#"k ,dopu] izkIr djrk gSA


42/119

deZxkSjoe~ 41

vH;kl%

1- la LrHkk"k;k mkjr&

(d) v;aikB% dLekr~xzUFkkr~lfyr%\

([k) vdeZ .k% d T;k;%\

(x) tudkn;% osQu flfe~vkfLFkrk%\

(?k) yksd% de~ vuqorZrs\

() cqf;qDr% vfLeu~lalkjs os Q tgkfr\

(p) osQ"kke~vukjEHkkr~ iq#"k% uS"dE;izkIuksfr\

2- fu;ra oqQ# deZ Roa----- izfl~;sndeZ.k% vL; 'yksdL; vk'k;afgUnhHkk"k;k Li"VhoqQ#rA

3- ^;|nkpjfr ----- yksdLrnuqorZrs* vL; 'yksdL; vUo;a fy[krA

4- v/ksfyf[krkuka'kCnkukafoykseku~ikBkr~ fpRok fy[kr&

;Fkk& o'k% & vo'k%

(d) cqfghu% & ------------------

([k) nq"re~ & ------------------

(x) vdkS'kye~ & ------------------

(?k) U;wu% & ------------------

() deZ.k% & ------------------

(p) nqxZq.kS% & ------------------

(N) dnkfpr~ & ------------------

(t) fu"V% & ------------------

5- vkksfy[krs"kqins"kq lfUkfoPNsnaoqQ#r&

tgkrhg] deZ.k%] 'kjhj;k=kkfi] iq#"kks'uqrs] fr"BR;deZr~] izfrtSxqZ.kS%] deZ.kSo]yksdLrnuqorZrs] tu;snKkuke~


43/119

42 'kk'orh

6- v/ksfyf[krfoz Q;kinkuka ydkjiq#"kopufunsZ'ka oqQ#r&

tgkfr] ;qT;Lo] dqjQ] v'uqrs] lef/xPNfr] fr"Bfr] vkIuksfr] vuqorZrs] tu;sr~] tks"k;sr~A

7- vkksfy[krokD;s"kq js[kkfrinkuka foHkDrhukafunsZ'kaoqQ#r&

(d) ;ksx% deZlqdkS'kye~A

([k) thous fu;ra deZoqQ#A

(x) deZ.kk ,o tudkn;% laflfe~vkfLFkrk%A

(?k) vdeZ.k% deZT;k;%A

() deZ.kke~vukjEHkkr~iq#"k% uS"dE;u v'uqrsA

8- iznketw"kk;k% leqfprinkuka p;ua Rok vkksnk'kCnkuka izR;sdinL; =khf.klekukFkZdinkfu fy[kUrqA

vukjre~] euh"kk] xk=ke~] nq"deZ] izkK%] dyq"ke~] 'kseq"kh] vfojre~] dks fon%] dk;%] efr%]ikrde~] nsg%] euh"kh] vJkUre~

(d) fo}ku~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------([k) 'kjhje~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

(x) cqf% ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

(?k) lrre~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

() nq"re~ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

9- deZ vkfJR; laLrHkk"kk;kaip okD;kfu fy[kr&

10- ikBs iz;qDrL; NUnl% uke fy[kr&

11- tu% dhn'k S% xq.kS% dk;djksfr\ v/ksfyf[kra'yksdek/` R; fy[kr&

u fg df'pR{k.kefi tkrq fr"BR;deZr~Adk;Zrs o'k% deZ loZ% izfrtSxqZ.kS%AA


44/119

deZxkSjoe~ 43

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

v/ksfyf[krkukalwDrhuke;;uaRok izLrqrikBsu HkkolkE;e~vo/k&

(1) xPNu~fiihydks ;kfr ;kstukuka'krkU;fiA

vxPNUoSurs;ksfi inesoaQ u xPNfrAA

(2) m|esu fg fl;fUr dk;kZf.k u euksjFk S%Au fg lqIrL; lgL; izfo'kfUr eq[ks e`xk%AA

iprU=ke~ @ fe=klEizkfIr & 129

(3) deZ.kk tk;rs lo] deSZo xfrlkkue~A

rLekr~ loZiz;Rusu] lkkq deZ lekpjsr~AA

fo".kqiqjk.k & 1@18@32

(4) pjUoS ekq foUnfr] pju~ LoknqeqnEcje~A

lw;ZL; i'; Jsek.ka] ;ks u rUnz;rs pju~AA

,srjs; czk.k & 33-3-5

(5) tyfcUnqfuikrsu e'k% iw;Zrs ?kV%A

l gsrq% loZfo|kuka /eZ L; p /uL; pAA

pk.kD;uhfr & 12@22

(6) nq "djk.;fi dk;kZ f.k] fl;fUr izks|esu oSA

f'kykfi ruqrka;kfr] izikrsuk.kZlks eqgq%AAcqpfjre~& 26@63

(7) oq QoZUusos g dekZ f.k ftthfo"ksPNra lek%A

,oa Rof; ukU;FksrksfLr] u deZ fyI;rs ujsAA

;tqoZsn & 40@2 7


45/119

44 'kk'orh

vkksfufeZrrkfydkan`"V~ok leLrinS% lg foxzgku~esy;r&

foxzgk%

(1) cqn~ ;k ;qDr% (r`rh;k rRiq#"k%)

(2) u o'k% (uk~rRiq#"k% lekl)(3) cqn~ ks% Hksne~("k"Bh rRiq#"k% lekl)

(4) lokZ f.k dekZf.k (deZ/kj; lekl)

(5) deZ f.k jr% (lIreh rRiq#"k lekl)

(6) (v) u deZ .k% (uk~rRiq#"k)

(c) u vkjEHkkr~(uk~rRiq#"k)

v o 'k%2

l oZ d ekZ f.k 4

cq

fn~

/

;qo~Q

r%

1

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fn~

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n

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d

la

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Hkk

r~

6d

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rq%

7

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5

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jh

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=kk

8

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11

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Kk

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10

l

12

d eZ l f~ x uk e~

13

lq r nq "k~ rs

.k%

r%j

r%


46/119

deZxkSjoe~ 45

(7) deZ iQyL; gsrq% ("k"Bh rRiq#"k lekl)

(8) 'kjhjL; ;k=kk ("k"Bh rRiq#"k lekl)

(9) yksdk; laxzge~(prqFkhZrRiq#"k lekl)

(10) (v) u lDr% (uk ~rRiq#"k)

(c) u Kkukuke~(uk~rRiq#"k)

(11) u pju~(uk~rRiq#"k)(12) deZlq lf~xuke~(lIreh rRiq#"k)

(13) lqre~ n`"re~ p (}U} lekl)

vkksfyf[krkn'kZokD;kfu lEcla LFkkfHk% ;kst;r&

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(t) vgfuZ'kalsokegs osQUnzh; fo|ky; laxBu

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(k) ;rks /eZLrrks t;% Jeea =kky;%

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46 'kk'orh

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le% flkoflkS p Rokfi u fuc;rs AA4-22

loZHkwrLFkekRekualoZHkwrkfu pkRefu

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vusoSQ% dfofHk% xhrk;k% egoaizfrikfnre~A rUegoa;=k&r=k v;srO;e~A mnkgj.kkFkZe~&

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ipe% ikB%

'kqduklksins'k%

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rd jgkA vr% ck.kHk^ dk Hkh ;gh le; gksuk pkfg;sA budh nks jpuk,lqizfl gSa g"kZpfjr

vkSj dknEcjhA

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dj nsuk mfpr le>rs gSaA bls ;qokoLFkk esa izos'k dj jgs leLr ;qodksadks iznk ^nh{kkUr

Hkk"k.k* dgk tk ldrk gSA


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48 'kk'orh

,oa lefrkeRlq fnols"kq jktk pUnzkihML; ;kSojkT;kfHk"ksda fpdh"kZq%izrhgkjkuqidj.k& lEHkkjlaxzgkFkZekfnns'kA leqifLFkr;kSojkT;kfHk"ksdap radnkfpn~n'kZukFkZekxrek:


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'kqduklksins'k% 49

Hkokn 'kk ,o HkofUr HkktukU;qins'kkuke~A vixreys fg eufl fo'kfUrlq[ksuksins'kxq .kk%A gjfr vfrefyuefi nks"ktkra xq:ins 'k% xq:ins 'k'p ukevf[kyeyiz{kkyu{kee~vtyaLukue~A fo'ks"ks.k rqjkKke~A fojyk fg rs"kkeqins"Vkj%A

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vijs rqLokFkZfu"iknuijS% nks"kkufi xq.ki{ke;kjksi;f% izrkj.koqQ'kySkwZkSZ% izrk;Zek.kk fokenekfpkk loZtuksigkL;rkeqi;kfUrA u eku;fUr ekU;ku~] tjkoSDyO;izyfirfefr i';fUr o`ksins'ke~A oqQI;fUr fgrokfnusA loZFkkrefHkuUnfUr] ralao/Z;fUr] rL; opua k`.ofUr] racgqeU;Urs ;ksgfuZ'ke~vuojrafoxrkU;dkZO;% LrkSfr] ;ks ok ekgkRE;eqko;frA

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50 'kk'orh

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'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

fpdh"kqZ% djus dh bPNkokyk] drZqfePNq%] $ lu~ $ m $ izFkek

foHkfDr ,dopuAfou; fof'k"V u; (uhfr)

izrhgkjku~ }kjikyksa dks

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fulxZr% LokHkkfod :i lsA

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'kqduklksins'k% 51

ifjikY;rs j[kh tk ldrh gS] ifj $ iky $ deZ f.k ;o~ Q yV~ydkjizFke iq#"k ,dopuA

iziyk;rss Hkkx tkrh gSA

oSnX;e~ ikf.MR; dks] fonX/L; Hkkoks oSnX;e~] fonX/ $ ";k~A

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vocq;rs tku tkrh gSA

uksiliZfr lehi ugha tkrh] ik'osZu xPNfrAlaokZ;fr c


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52 'kk'orh

vgfuZ'ke~ fnu&jkrA

mn~Hkko;fr izdV djrk gSA mn~$ Hkw$ f.kp~$ yV~] izFke iq#"k ,dopuA

uksikyH;ls mykguk u fn;s tkvksA

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vH;kl%

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(d)y{ehen% dhn`'k%\

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(p) osQ"kke~ mins"Vkj% fojyk% lfUr\

(N) y{E;k ifjx`ghrk% jktku% dhn`'kk% HkofUr\

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(p) lpsrle~ ;kSouizHkoe~


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'kqduklksins'k% 53

3- v/ks fyf[krinkfu Lojfpr&laLr&okD;s"kq iz;q~oe~&

laxzgkFkZe~] leqifLFkre~] fou;e~] ifj.ke;fr] k`.ofUr] Li`'kfrA

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() vgfuZ'ke~ & ------------------------------

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54 'kk'orh

7- fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

(d) y{eh% ---------------- u j{kfrA

([k) ---------------- nq%LoIufeo u LejfrA

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(p) rFkk iz;rsFkk%----------------

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8- lizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k dk;kZ&

(d) xHksZ'ojRofHkuo;kSouRoeizfre:iRoeekuq"k'kfDrRops fr egrh;a[kYouFkZijEijkA

([k) gjfr vfrefyuefi nks"ktkraxq:ins'k%A

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'kqduklksins'k% 55

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;kSoua/ulEifk% izHkqRoefoosfdrkA

,oSQdeI;uFkkZ; fdeq;=k prq"V;e~AA

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v"VkS xq.kk% iq#"kanhi;fUr

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vU;=kkfi fgrksins'k&uhfr'krdknkS p ,oeqifn"Ve~vfLrA r=k&r=kkfi ;ksX;rk foLrjkFkZeo';aiBuh;e~A

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lpkjh dfooqQfEHkoqQEHkfHknqjkack.kLrqipkuu%AA (pUnznso&'kkZ/jin~/fr)


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56 'kk'orh

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58/119

"k"B% ikB%

lwfkQlqkk

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58 'kk'orh

lglk fon/hr u f;kefoosd% ijekinka ine~A

o`.krs fg foe`';dkfj.ka xq.kyq C/k% Lo;eso lEin%AA6AA

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{kh;Urs [kyq Hkw "k.kkfu lrraokXHkw"k.ka Hkw"k.ke~AA 11AA


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lwfkQlqkk 59

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vkReJs ;fl rkons o fonq "kk dk;Z% iz;Ruks egku~]

izkshIrs Hkous p owQi[kuuaizR;q|e% dhn'k% AA12AA

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'puhjtjkftre~ dey'kksfHkre~ deyksals lq'kksfHkr

ejkyL; galL; ga l dk

ekule~ eu% ekuljksojap eu ,oa ekuljksojruq"ks (ru~ $ vkReus- foLrkj;fl foLr`r dj jgs gksyV~] e;e iq#"k ,dopu)fojlku~ jljfgrku~ jljfgr ('kq "d)

;ki; O;rhraoqQ# O;rhr djks

fuolu~(fu $ ol~ $ 'kr) okla oqQoZu~ fuokl djrs gq,jlky% vkezikni% vke dk o {k

nSf"Vdrka HkkX;Roa HkkX;Ro dks

fu"khnfr voyEcrs vkJ; ysrk gSA

oqQokZ.k% ( $ 'kkup~) oqQoZu~ djrs gq,

lkS[;S% lq[kiwoZoSQ% lq [kks a osQ }kjk

viksgfr nwjhdjksfr nwj djrk gS

fon/hr oqQohZr djks(fo milxZ$ Mq/kk~(/k) fof/fy~] izFke iq#"k ,dopu)

o`.krs oj.kaoqQoZfUr oj.k djrh gSafoe`';dkfj.ke~ fofpUR;dkfj.ke~ fopkj dj dk;Z djus okys

dks


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60 'kk'orh

Lok;ke~ futk/hua Lo;a osQ v/hufo/k=kk cz.kk czk osQ }kjkNknue~ vkoj.ke~ vkoj.k loZfonke~ loZKkuke~ loZ KksaosQ

vH;qn;s mUurkS mUufr es a

(vfHk $ mn;s] ;.k~lfU/)

lnfl lHkk;ke~ lHkk esa

(lnl~ 'kCn uiqa- lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu)okDiVqrk okfp iVqrk ok.kh es aoqQ'kyrk

;qf/ ;qs ;q esa

fuxwgfr vkPNkn;fr fNikrk gS

tgkfr R;tfr NksM+ nsrk gS

opfl okfp ok.kh es a

(opl~ lIreh foHkfDr ,dopu)

izh.k;Ur% izlUuaoqQoZUr% izlUu djrs gq,

ijxq.kijek.kwu~ vU;s"kke~vfrlw{eku~ xq.kku~ nwljksaosQ vfr lw{e xq.kksadks

ioZrhR; fo'kkyrkauhRok c


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lwfkQlqkk 61

vH;kl%

1- la LrHkk"k;k iz'uks kjkf.k fy[kr&

(d) loZ=k dhn'kauhje~vfLr\

([k) ejkyL; ekulaoaQ fouk u jersA

(x) fo}ku~de~vis{krs\

(?k) lRdfo% dkS }kS vis{krs\

() ;% ;L; fiz;% l% rL; rs d Hkofr\

(p) lglk d u fon/hr\

(N) fo/k=kk d fofufeZre~\

(t) vif.MrkukafoHkw"k.ka fde~\

(>) egkReukaizfrfla d Hkofr\

(k) ikikr~d% fuokj;fr\(V) lUr% dku~ioZrhoqQoZfUr\

(B) dhn'kaHkw"k.kau {kh;rs\

(M) owQi[kuuadnk u mfpre~\

2- vkksfyf[kri|ka'kkukalizla fgUnhHkk"k;k O;k[;k fo/s;k&

(d)o`.krs fg foe`';dkfj.kaxq.kyqCkk% Lo;eso lEin%A

([k) {kh;Urs [kyqHkw"k.kkfu lrraokXHkw"k.kaHkw"k.ke~A

(x) izkshIrs Hkous p owQi[kuuaizR;q|e% dhn`'k%A

3- fjDrLFkkuiwfrZ% dj.kh;k&

(d) lRdfofjo fo}ku~'kCnkFkkSZ--------------- vis{krsA

([k) lUr% --------------- izonfUrA


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62 'kk'orh

4- fuEufyf[kr'yksd;ks% vUo;a fy[kr&

;Fkk& ;|fi uhjt&jkftrauhjaloZ=k vfLrA (ija) ejkyL; ekulaekula fouk u jersA

(d) uhj{khjfoososQ--------------- A

([k) foifn kS;ZeFkkH;qn;s--------------- A

5- fuEufyf[kr'kCnkuke~ vFkfyf[kRok okD;iz;ksxaoqQ#r&

uhjte~] jlky%] ikS#"k%] foe`';dkfj.k%] tjkA

6- fuEufyf[kr'kCnkuka lkFkZoa Q esyua f;rke~&

(d) ejkyL; (i) vkJ;rs

([k) voyEcrs (ii) cz.kk

(x) v/quk (iii) fo'knhR;

(?k) fo/k=kk (iv) galL;

() ioZrhR; (v) lkEizre~

(p) uhjta (vi) vkez%

(N) jlky% (vii) foHkwr;%(t) lEin% (viii) deye~

(>) ;'kfl (ix) dhkkSZ

7- vkksfyf[kr'kCnkukaikBkr~ foykseinafpRok fy[kr&

(d) ew[kZ% ---------------

([k) vfiz;% ---------------

(x) iq.;kr~ ---------------

(?k) ;kSoue~ ---------------() mis{krs ---------------

8- lfU/foPNsn% f;rke~&

(d) ukyEcrs & u $ ---------------

([k) fo'ofLeUukqukU;% & fo'ofLeu~$ --------------- $ vU;%


64/119

lwfkQlqkk 63

(x) dksfi & d% $ ---------------

(?k) pkfHk#fpO;Zlua& p $ --------------- $ O;lue~

() pUnzksTToyk% & --------------- $ ---------------

9- (v) vkksfyf[kr'kCnkukaleklfoxzg% dk;Z%&

;Fkk&uhjt&jkftre~& uhjtS% jkftre~A

(d)vfyeky%

([k) okDiVqrk

(x) pUnzksTToyk%

(?k) vizfrgrk

() okXHkw"k.ke~

(vk) vkksfyf[kr&foxzginkuka leLrinkfu jp;r&

;Fkk&oqQyL; ozra--------------- oqQyozre~

(d) ouL; vUrjs---------------

([k) xq.kkukayqC/k% ---------------(x) izR;k fle~---------------

(?k) midkjL; Jsf.kfHk% ---------------

() vkReu% Js;fl---------------

10- vkksfyf[kr'kCns"kq izfrizR;;kuka foHkkx% dj.kh;e~&

;Fkk&jkftre~ & jkt~ $ Dr

(d) nSf"Vdrka & --------------- $ ry~

([k) oqQokZ.k% & --------------- $ 'kkup~ (x) iVqrk & iVq $ ---------------

(?k) fle~ & --------------- $ Dr

() foe`'; & fo $ e`'k~ $ ---------------


65/119

64 'kk'orh

11- vkksfyf[kr'yksosQ"kq NUnks fufnZ';rke~&

;Fkk&vfLr ;|fi --------------- AAvuq"Vqi~NUn%A

(d) rkor~ dksfdy---------------leqYylfrAA

([k) Lok;kesdkUr ---------------ekSueif.Mrkuke~AA

(x) foifn /S;ZeFkk---------------egkReuke~AA

(?k) ikikfUUkokj;fr---------------izonfUr lUr%AA

() osQ;wjkf.k u---------------

Hkw"k.ke~AA

12- vkksfyf[kriafDr"kqdksy kj%\ fy[;rke~&

(d) 'kCnkFkkSZlRdfofjo };a fo}kuis{krsA

([k) okXHkw"k.kaHkw"k.ke~A

(x) futfn fodlUr% lfUr lUr% fd;Ur%A

(?k) jers u ejkyL; ekulaekulafoukA

() ;kofUeynfyeky% dksfi jlky% leqYylfrA

;ksX;rkfoLrkj%

(v) lekukFkZd'yksdk%1- gal% 'osrks cd% 'osr% dks Hksnk s cdgal;ks%A

uhj{khjfoososQ rq galks galks cdks cd%AA

2- egktuL; lalxZ% dL; uksUufrdkjd%A

ii=kfLFkra okfj /ks eqDrkiQyfJ;e~AA

3- vkRekFksZ thoyksosQfLeu~dks u thofr ekuo%A ija ijksidkjkFk ;ks thofr l thofrAA

4- vK% lq[kekjk;% lq[krjekjk;rs fo'ks"kK%A

KkuyonqfoZnX/a czkfi ra uja u jt;frAA

5- ;koRLoLFkks ;a nsgks ;koUeR;q'p nwjr%A

rkonkRefgra oqQ;kZr~ izk.kkUrs d dfj";frAA


66/119

lwfkQlqkk 65

(c) NUnlkay{k.kksnkgj.kkfu&

1- 'kknZwyfohfMre~&

y{k.ke~&^^lw;kZ'oSeZ ltkLrrk% lxqjo% 'kknwZyfohfMre~**A

mnkgj.ke~

(i) osQ;wjkf.k u Hkw"k;fUr-----A (ii);koRLoLFkfenadysojx`ge~-----A

2- vuq "Vqi~NUn% &

y{k.ke~&^^'yksos Q "k"Baxq#Ks;aloZ =k y?kq ipee~Af}%prq"ikn;ksZLoa lIrea nh?kZeU;;ks%AA**

mnkgj.ke~

vfLr ;|fi loZ=k uhjauhjtef.Mre~-----A

3- olUrfrydk&

y{k.ke~&^^mDrk olUrfrydk rHktk txkS x%A**

mnkgj.ke~

ikikfUuokj;fr ;kst;rs fgrk;A

4- mitkfr%&bUnzotzk misUnzotz k bfr ok;ks% la;ksxsu mitkfr% o`ka HkofrA

y{k.ke~&^^L;kfnUnzotz k ;fn rkS txkS x%A

misUnzotzk trtkLrrks xkSAA**

mnkgj.ke~

Lok;kesdkUrxq.ka

5- ekfyuh&

y{k.ke~&^^uue;;;qrs;a ekfyuh HkksfxyksoSQ%A**

mnkgj.ke~eufl opfl dk;s iq.;ih;w"kiw.kkZ---A

6- vk;kZ

y{k.ke~&^^;L;k% izFkes ikns }kn'kek=kkLrFkk r`rh;sfiA

v"Vkn'k f}rh;s prqFkZosQ ipn'k lk;kZAA**


67/119

66 'kk'orh

mnkgj.ke~

(i) uhj{khj foososQ ----A

(ii) rkor~ dksfdy ----A

vk;kZPNUnfl fof'k"V% y;% xs;rk p HkofrArnuqlkjs .k vk;kZ ;k% xkuL; vH;kl% dk;Z%A

(l) vkksfyf[krkuke~fgUnhHkk"kk;k% vkHkk.kdkukalekukFkZdk% laLr iaDr;% vUos"VO;k%&1- vkx yxus ij oqQvk[kksnuk2- lcls Hkyh pqi3- nw/ dk nw/ ikuh dk ikuh


68/119

lIre% ikB%

foozQeL;kSnk;Ze~

flagklu}kf=kaf'kdk ckhl euksjtd dFkkvksadk laxzg gSA blds osQoy x|e;] osQoy i|e;]x|i|e;] ;s rhu ikB ik;s tkrs gSaA laxzg esa fLFkr izR;sd dFkk /kjk uxjh osQ jktk Hkkstdks lquk;h x;h gSA vr% bl xzUFk dk le; jktk Hkkst (10181063) osQ vuUrj gh ekuktkrk gSA

,d Vhys dh [kqnkbZ djus ij jktk Hkks t dks ,d fla gklu feykA og fla gklu jktkfoozQekfnR; dk FkkA 'kqHk eqgwrZes a jktk Hkkst ml flagklu ij cSBuk pkgrk gS rks flagklu esacuh 32 iqkfydkvksaesals izR;sd iqkfydk jktk foozQekfnR; osQ xq.kksarFkk ijkozQe dh ,d,ddFkk lqukdj jktk dks flagklu ij cSBus ls iqu%iqu% jksdrh gSA izR;sd iqkfydk us jktk ls;gh iz'u fd;k fd ^D;k rqeesa foozQe tSlk xq.k gS\ ;fn gS rks bl flagklu ij cSB ldrs

gks vU;Fkk ughaA*izLrqr ikB mi;ZqkQ ^flagklu}kf=kaf'kdk* ls gh mn~/`r gSA blesacrk;k x;k gS fd fdl

izdkj jktk foozQe dks ;g lalkj vlkj izrhr gksrk gSA vius vkSnk;Zo'k os lEiw.kZjktdks"k dksnku djuk pkgrs gSaA blosQ fy, mUgksaus ^loZLonf{k.k;K* dk vuq"Bku fd;kA ml ;K esalcoqQN ifjR;kx dj fn;kA ;gkrd fd leqnz dh vksj ls iznku fd;s x;s vf}rh; pkj jRu Hkhczk.k dks iznku dj fn;sA bl izdkj ls foozQe us vR;f/d mnkjrk dk ifjp; fn;kA

iqujfi jktk flagklus leqios"Vqa xPNfrA rrksU;k iqkfydk leonr~ Hkks jktu~] ,rfRlagklus rsuSo v;kflrO;a ;L; foozQerqY;e~ vkSnk;ZefLrAHkkstsukskQe~ Hkks iqkfyds] dFk; rL;kSnk;Ze~A lk onfr] jktu~;LRofFkZuka

iwj;fr] rL;sfIlranso% lEikn;frA** ;PpkskQe~

mRlkglEiUuenh?kZlw=ka] foz Q;kfof/Ka O;lus"olkQe~ A'kwjao`QrKan`


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68 'kk'orh

,oaldyxq.kfuokl% l foozQeks jktk ,dnk LoeuL;fpUr;r~^vgks vlkjks;alalkj%] dnk dL; fdaHkfo";rhfr u Kk;rsA ;PpksikftZrkuka

fokarnfi nkuHkksxSfoZuk liQyau HkofrA rFkk pksDre~

mikftZrkukafokkukaR;kx ,o fg j{k.ke~A rVkdksnjlaLFkkuka ijhokg bokEHklke~ AA

vfi p

nkrO;aHkksDrO;a/ufo"k;s l@;ks u dkZO;%Ai';sg e/qdjh.kka lf@ reFk gjUR;U;s AA


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foozQeL;kSnk;Ze~ 69

bR;soafopk;Z loZLonf{k.ka;KadkqZeqikUroku~A rr% f'kfYifHkjrho euksgjkse.Mi% dkfjr%A lokZfi ;Klkexzh lerkA nsoeqfuxUkoZ;{kflkn;'p lekgwrk%ArfLeUuoljs leqnzkkukFkdf pn~czk.k% leqnzrhjs izsf"kr%A lksfi leqnzrhjaxRokxU/iq"ikfn"kksM'kksipkjafokk;kczohr~Hkks% leqnz! foekdksZ jktk ;KadjksfrArsu izsf"krksgaRokekkrqalekxr%A** bfr tye;s iq"iktfyanok {k.kafLFkr%Adksfi rL; izR;qkjau nnkSA rr mTtf;uha;koRizR;kxPNfr rkosnhI;eku'kjhj%

leqnzks czk.k:ih lu~rekxR;konr~Hkks czk.k] foes.kkLekukkrqaizsf"krLRoa]rfgZ rs u ;kLekoa Q lEHkkouk rk lk izkIrS oA ,rns o lqnks y{k.ka ;Rle;snkuekukfn f;rsA** mDrap

nnkfr izfrx`kfr xqek[;kfr i`PNfr AHkq~Drs Hkkst;rs pSo "kM~fo/aizhfry{k.ke~AA

nwjfLFkrkukaeS=kh u';fr lehiLFkkukao/Zrs bfr u okP;e~A

fxjkS dykih xxus i;ksnks y{kkUrjsoZ Qp tys p ie~A

bUnqf}Zy{ks oqQeqnL; cU/q;ksZ ;L; fe=kau fg rL; nwje~AA

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rrks czk.kLrkfu jRukfu x`ghRok mTtf;uha ;konkxrLrko|KlekfIrtkZrkAjktkoHkFkLukuaRok lokZufFkZtuku~ifjiw.kZeuksjFkkudjksr~A czk.kks jktkuan`"V~okjRukU;iZf;Rok izR;soaQ rs"kkaxq.kdFkuedFk;r~A rrks jktkonr~] Hkks czk.k! Hkoku~

;Knf{k.kkdkyaO;frE; lekxr%A e;k loksZfi czk.klewgks nf{k.k;k rksf"kr%ArfgZ Roesrs"kkajRukukae;s ;kqH;ajksprs rn~x`gk.ksfrA czk.ksuksDre~] ^xgaxRokx`fg.kha] iq=ka] Luq"kkap i`"V~ok losZH;ks ;nzksprs rn~xzgh";kehfrA* jkKksDra ^rFkkoq Q#A* czk.kksfi Lox gekxR; loo`kkUra rs"kkexzsdFk;r~A iq=ks.kksDra ^;nzRuaprqjXcyannkfr rn~xzgh";ke%A ;r% lq[ksu jkT;adkqZefgZ";ke%A* fi=kksDra^cqferk


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70 'kk'orh

jkT;au izkFkZuh;e~A* iqu% firk onfr ^;LekuayHkrs rn~x`gk.kA /usu loZefiyH;rsA* Hkk;Z;ksDra^;nzRua"kM~jlku~lwrs rn~x`rke~A losZ"kkaizkf.kukeUusuSo izk.kkkj.kaHkofrA* Luq"k;ksDra^;nzRuajRukHkj.kkfnoa Q lwrs rn~xzke~A*

,oa prq.kk ijLija fooknks yXu%A rrks czk.kks jktlehiekxR; prq.kkfooknokkUredFk;r~A jktkfi rPNq Rok rLeS cz k.kk; pRok;Z fi jRukfu nnkSAbfr dFkkadFkf;Rok iqkfydk jktkueonr~] ^Hkks jktu~] Ro;soafok& lgtekSnk;

fo|rs psnfLeu~flagklus leqifo'kA* rPNqRok jktk rw".kheklhr~A

'kCnkFkkZ% fVIi.;'p

iqkfydk & iqryh

leqios"Vqe~ & le~ $ mi $ fo'k~/krq $ rqequ~ izR;; cSBus osQ fy,A

rsuSo & rsu $ ,o] mlh osQ }kjkA

v;kflrO;e~ & vf/ $ vkl~ /krq$ rO;r~izR;;] cSBuk pkfg,A

;LRofFkZuke~ & (;% rq vfFkZuke~)] tks ;kpdksadhA

bZfIlre~ & bZIl~ /krq$ Dr izR;; bfPNrA

f'kfYiu~ & dkjhxjA

;PpksDre~ & ;r~ $ p $ mDre~] ,slk dgk x;k gSA

lekgwrk% & lE;o~ Q

ncert book sanskrit (saswati) class xii

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