Lecturer

Zhizi Chen

Email:

zhizichen@gmail.com

TOEFL-

speaking

已完成的内容

• 第一节课内容：placement test

• 第二节课内容：考试题型熟悉；考试评分标准解

答；发音鉴定 （第二节课的家庭作业是：录一段

自己对一段文章的朗读，email给我，我给反馈；

目的：鉴定学生元音，辅音发音，语音语调）

Scoring Criteria

App recommendation

• 背单词？

• 少侠，单词学习是一辈子的事情！

• 推荐：

• 扇贝

• 百词斩

墙头草（It depends）？一边倒(either-

or)？还是…?

• Some people think it is more fun to spend time

with friends in restaurants or cafés. Others think

it is more fun to spend time with friends at home.

Which do you think is better? Explain why.

•

• Preparation Time: 15 seconds

• Response Time: 45 seconds

What IBT TOEFL Official Guide says?

• -Speak clearly and coherently

墙头草（It depends）？一边倒(either-

or)？还是…?

RULES5Intuition！哪个最好说？

Some people think it is more fun to spend time with friends in restaurants or cafés. Others think it is more fun to spend time with friends at home. Which do you think is better? Explain why.

Preparation Time: 15 secondsResponse Time: 45 seconds

• Restaurant:

• -a wide variety of delicious/tasty food

• -a better environment for dining

• -do not need to clean up the messed-up tables

and plates after meal

• Home

• -More comfortable

• -More privacy

• -more economical

Speak like an essay!-Thesis statement-Supporting sentences ideas-Supporting/elaborated examples

Home

• -More comfortable (you can lie on your sofa without

sitting stiff; you can lie with whatever pose you like; can

just wear comfortable casual clothes)

• -More privacy (do not need to worry about your private

conversation be eavesdropped by a stranger; )

• -more economical(you can cook with your friends, it is

more economical and more fun)

Speak like an essay!-Thesis statement-Supporting sentences-Supporting/elaborated examples

It depends

• Home: 1- 2 points

• Restaurant : 1-2

• It depends on what event or what activity I and

my friends will/are going to/ want to/ plan to/ do.

• Birthday event/Party

• I and my friends also enjoy going to the

restaurant because they sometimes will hold

special/interesting events/activities.

Brainstorm time!

Describe a person who had a positive impact on you. Explain how this person influenced your life. Give specific reasons and details to support your explanation.

In your opinion, what are some important characteristics of a good friend? Use reasons and specific examples to explain why these characteristics are important.

While choosing a university, which of the following factors do you care about most: cost, size or location? Explain why this characteristic is the most important to you?

BLAH

BLAH

BLAH

BLAH

BLAH

BLAH

BLAH

• http://toefl.xiaoma.com/tuofukouyu/20110308/46

21.html 托福1-2题题库

Integrated speaking tasks

Strategy:-Notetaking-Thesis-like structure-Time management

3-4题 ETS明确规定不可以有自己的个人观点，比如“I think”,“ I believe”,“ As far as I am concerned”之类的就不要出现了。第5-6题可以有自己的观点。

第三题(30,60)要求考生在45秒之内读完一则notice，或者announcement, 然后听一段对话或者独白（monologue）。注意看清楚题目是要你总结和复述一个

人的观点和原因还是两个人的。

第4题(30, 60)是关于学术讲座的复述。这个部分要求考生在45秒之内阅读

一段学术内容的文章，然后听一段教授的讲座，需要注意的是教授的讲座

可能是针对阅读材料中的某一个细节进行发散性的详细讲解。这个环节的

题目要求是客观陈述教授是怎样以examples和details来阐释reading中出现

的某个术语。在记笔记时应该对教授的举例和分类做重点记录，同时在问

题出现时要抓紧30秒对笔记进行整理和整合，理清思路。第六题

（20, 60）的处理方式和本体较为相似。

第5题(20,60)是“problem-solution”题型，考生只要根据Listening notes陈述清楚对话中的第一位说话者的problem以及第二位说话者提

供的 solution(s)其次根据Paired Choice 的模式表明自己的立场以及原因就可以

了。

第六题（20，60）：Read part of a lecture in a biology course and then answer the question.

(Female professor) Human beings aren’t the only animals that use tools. It’s generally recognized that other animals use tools as well . . . use them naturally, in the wild, without any human instruction. But when can we say that an object is a tool? Well, it depends on your definition of a tool. And in fact, there are two competing definitions—a narrow definition and a broad one. The narrow definition says that a tool is an object that’s used to perform a specific task . . . but not just any object. To be a tool, according to the narrow definition, the object’s gotta be purposefully changed or shaped by the animal, or human, so that it can be used that way. It’s an object that’s made. Wild chimpanzees use sticks to dig insects out of their nests . . . but most sticks lying around won’t do the job . . . they might be too thick, for example. So the sticks have to be sharpened so they’ll fit into the hole in an ant hill or the insect nest. The chimp pulls off the leaves and chews the stick and trims it down that way until it’s the right size. The chimp doesn’t just find the stick . . . it . . . you could say it makes it in a way.

But the broad definition says an object doesn’t have to be modified to be considered a tool. The broad definition says a tool is any object that’s used to perform a specific task. For example, an elephant will sometimes use a stick to scratch its back . . . it just picks up a stick from the ground and scratches its back with it . . . It doesn’t modify the stick, it uses it just as it’s found. And it’s a tool, under the broad definition, but under the narrow definition it’s not because, well, the elephant doesn’t change it in any way.

Question: Using points and examples from the talk, describe the two different definitions of tools given by the professor.

Read part of a lecture in a biology course and then answer the question.

(Female professor) Human beings aren’t the only animals that use tools. It’s generally recognized that other animals use tools as well . . . use them naturally, in the wild, without any human instruction. But when can we say that an object is a tool? Well, it depends on your definition of a tool. And in fact, there are two competing definitions—a narrow definition and a broad one. The narrow definition says that a tool is an object that’s used to perform a specific task . . . but not just any object. To be a tool, according to the narrow definition, the object’s gotta be purposefully changed or shaped by the animal, or human, so that it can be used that way. It’s an object that’s made. Wild chimpanzees use sticks to dig insects out of their nests . . . but most sticks lying around won’t do the job . . . they might be too thick, for example. So the sticks have to be sharpened so they’ll fit into the hole in an ant hill or the insect nest. The chimp pulls off the leaves and chews the stick and trims it down that way until it’s the right size. The chimp doesn’t just find the stick . . . it . . . you could say it makes it in a way.

But the broad definition says an object doesn’t have to be modified to be considered a tool. The broad definition says a tool is any object that’s used to perform a specific task. For example, an elephant will sometimes use a stick to scratch its back . . . it just picks up a stick from the ground and scratches its back with it . . . It doesn’t modify the stick, it uses it just as it’s found. And it’s a tool, under the broad definition, but under the narrow definition it’s not because, well, the elephant doesn’t change it in any way.

The professor gives two definition of a tool：the narrow definition and the broaddefinition. (Thesis statement) According to the narrow definition, a tool is an object thatis used for a specific purpose but it does not mean any object. To be considered as atool, the object needs to be modified to serve the purpose. For example, a monkey mayuse a stick to dig out the insects out of their nest but a stick, when it is found, maybe toothick to stick into the nest, so it needs to be sharpened. By the broad definition, a tool is any object that can be used to serve a specificpurpose, it does not need to be made,reshaped, or modified. For instance, when an elephant feels itchy on its back, it can just pick any stick on the ground to scratch its backwithout purposefully reshaping or modifying it.