New Horizon College English Book IV

Key to Unit Five

Section A

Section B

Choose to Be Alone on Purpose

Predicting the Writer’s Ideas

Exercises Section A

1. Vocabulary

2.Collocation

4.Sentence Structure

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: III, P.113

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: IV, P.123

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: VI, P.114

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: VII,P.115

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: VIII,P.116

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: IX,P.116

3.Word Building

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: X, P.117

6. Cloze

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: XII, P.118

5. Translation

《读写教程 III 》 : Ex: XIII, P.119

《读写教程Ⅳ》 EX: XI,P.117

VocabularyIII. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letters.

1. Employees at h______ jobs have to carefully weigh up the employer’s words and closely watch their expressions.

2. In Paris, the Eiffel Tower closed the public for four hours after a morning snowfall made it too s _____ to climb.

3. Children and, later, teenagers have to learn to put a brake on their impulses, to t_____ their desires.

4. Some poets and philosophers choose to live in solitude because they can find i_______ in it.

5. No one noticed that the little boy had c_____ into the room and was sitting there, listening.

1. humble 2. slippery 3. tame 4. inspiration 5. crept

6. Blake was wrongfully arrested and is now demanding an a_______ from the police.

7. After months of ob_________, I personally can conclude that it was pretty much an arbitrary policy.

8. Though he did not d_______, he went at a pace slow enough for the listeners to take down a lot what he said.

9. Some people feel totally i__________ when faced with new responsibilities.

10. The philosopher is said to be a s________ man. He closed himself indoors and rarely had visitors.

6. apology 7. observation 8. dictate 9. inadequate 10. solitary

VocabularyIV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning.

1. People refused to talk to him after the scandal and he was discarded by the society.

2. Thoreau didn’t require any company. Instead, he had a strong desire to be left in the hut all alone.

3. On weekends we are usually allowed to go to bed later than usual to watch TV.

4. Even when he was in primary school, he had a great liking for football.

5. The story line was so fascinating that she finished reading the book without a break.

1 cast out 2 all by himself 3 stay up late 4 was fond of 5 at one sitting

Vocabulary

6. The ditches were full of mud and rubbish again after the pouring rain.

7. The writer has a high opinion of Thoreau’s living all by himself at Walden Pond.

8. Elizabeth Mowbray, accompanied by her daughter, started the journey from Framlingham a few weeks later.

9. Mr. Wright was questioned in great detail at the police station, but denied he had anything to do with the murder.

10. We’re stuck in this place now, and it appears there’s nothing we can do about that.

6 filled up with 7 speaks highly of 8 set forth 9 at length 10 for the time being

VocabularyV. Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from

the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.

Word Bank A) share B) belongs C) relax D) reflectE) spread F) stretch G) crude H) solitudeI) rational J) commodity K) therapy L)

interpretationM) interruption N) connection O) interaction

How do you spend your time when you're alone? Do you turn up your music as loud as you can and listen to your own entertainment? Do you buy yourself the biggest steak you could find and sit down to a good meal? It has been my observation that these activities can be the best type of therapy for a troubled mind. It is crucial for humans to find some solitude in life. They must find some time to let the universe go spinning on without other's interruption. The portion of this world that belongs to one person is increasingly becoming smaller. And whatever we have we must share with others. Therefore, our

1. K 2. H 3. M 4. B 5. A

ability to maintain a healthy balance between social interaction and personal pursuits is being challenged. Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity not only for poets and philosophers but for ordinary people as well. A healthy adult needs "alone-time"--time to reflect on what is truly important to them. When you are alone, you can stretch out your soul until it fills up the whole room, and use your freedom, moving at your own pace. However, it's important to stay rational. Don't forget that in order to be a healthy part of other' lives, you must yourself be healthy.

Vocabulary

6. O 7. J 8. D 9. F 10.I

Word Bank A) share B) belongs C) relax D) reflectE) spread F) stretch G) crude H) solitudeI) rational J) commodity K) therapy L)

interpretationM) interruption N) connection O) interaction

Collocation

1. The institutions have realized that they need to change their economic concept to improve eff_______ and service.

2. Ordinary officers fired off a string of angry demands to the government, to improve their sta____, pay, and conditions.

3. Most bosses who assess subordinates see appraisals as an effective way to improve employees’ work per_________.

4. Under the new approach more money will go toward improving the sta______ of training, product design and market research.

5. Experts believe that the exercise can improve our coo_________, balance and timing, especially for the old.

1 efficiency 2 status 3 performance 4 standard 5 coordination

VI. Study the example taken from the text and think about what else we can “improve” . Complete the sentences by filling in the right word with the help of the first letters.

Collocation

6. The school has introduced a training to help kids improve such skills as color s_____, hand-eye coordination, size matching and spatial relationships.

7. The boss is satisfied with what you have achieved and this will undoubtedly improve your ca_____ and will help you in the long run.

8. The conflict can easily turn what should be a united effort to improve the q_____ of education into a power struggle between faculty members and administrators.

9. People are searching ways to improve the su_____ of wood for shelters and fuel as the demand greatly exceeds their former estimation.

10. The student spent a lot of time to improve the ac_______ of what he has written in the sense of meaning.

6 sense 7 career 8 quality 9 supply 10 accuracy

World Building VII. The prefix over- can be added to nouns, adjectives to form new nouns and adjectives with the meaning of “a bigger, more powerful, or more important version of a particular thing”. For example:

The prefix under- can be added to verbs, nouns, and adjectives to form new verbs, nouns and adjectives with the meaning of “not enough”. For example:

over- + confident—— overconfidentover- + emphasis—— overemphasisover- + work —— overwork

under- + develop——underdevelopment

under- + estimate——underestimate

under- + developed——underdeveloped

Word Building

1. The repair cost almost doubles what I thought it would. I really _____________ how much damage was done.

2. Many people in the factory complained that they were overworked but _________.

3. I’m really sorry I’m late, Andrew. I forgot to set my alarm and I ________.

4. ______________ countries should be assisted by allowing them access to information technologies so that one day they can cruise alongside the developed countries on the Information Superhighway.

overload oversleep overestimate underweightovercharge underestimate underdeveloped underpay

1. underestimated 2. underpaid 3. overslept 4. Underdeveloped

Word Building

5. The Sales Director ____________ the demand and the company was consequently left with 20,000 unsold copies.

6. He claimed the taxi driver ___________ him by $10, and decided to make a complaint.

7. In this underdeveloped country, nearly a third of the children are severely ____________.

8. The pilot warned him that the plane was __________ and wouldn’t fly.

overload oversleep overestimate underweightovercharge underestimate underdeveloped underpay

5. overestimated 6. overcharged 7. underweight 8. overloaded

World Building VIII. This exercise is a review of the prefixes and suffixes we have learnt so far. Complete the following sentences with the proper form of the word given in brackets.

1. The tutor ______ the instructions so that the children could understand them. (simple)

2. Oh no, the lights have gone out again! This time we’d better call the _______. (electric)

3. Since the September 11 attack, many people in the country have been pessimistic about the prospects of economic ________ within a few years. (recover)

4. The sight filled her with ________ excitement. (child)

1. simplified 2. electrician 3. recovery 4. childlike

5. His life story is recounted ( 复述 ) in two fascinating volumes of his ________. (biography )

6. Use a red pencil to _______ all the foods or meals you think are not so good for you and should be avoided. (line)

7. A police helicopter had evacuated ( 撤离 ) people from the building after a ________ bomb exploded in the basement. (terror)

8. Please do not _______ if your child gets into trouble at school. (react)

World Building

5. autobiography 6. underline 7. terrorist 8. overreact

Sentence StructureIX. Study the model sentence of “not/never so ... as”

structure and rewrite the following sentences using the same structure .

1. The distance between them is great, but it is not unbridgeable.

2. The unity of the masses with the party is stronger than ever.

Model: I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

1. The distance between them is not so great as to be unbridgeable.2. The unity of the masses with the party is never so strong as it is now.

Sentence Structure

3. The punishment was harsh because Maggie would lose her position, but she was lucky not to lose her pay.

4. I’ve heard the terrible noise once or twice before, but this one is louder.

5. Men are more peaceful, more graceful with each other than ever.

3. The punishment was harsh because Maggie would lose her position, but it was not so bad as losing her pay.4. I've heard the terrible noise once or twice before, but never so loud as this one.5. Men are never so peaceful, so graceful with each other as they are now.

Sentence StructureX. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese

into English, using “might as well”.

1. My father always gets information from the local library. ___________________________________ _____. （你不妨去那儿看看有没有你需要的资料）

2. While you live alone, you can do as you like. ____________________________. （我们不妨称之为自由吧）

1. You might as well go there to see whether there is the information you need.2. We might as well call it freedom.

Sentence Structure

3. They miss you very much. _____________________________. （你不妨打电话告诉他们你要去看望他们）

4. It’s no good waiting for the bus. ___________________________. ( 我们不妨走回家吧 )

5. This passage is too difficult for us to read. __________________. （我们不妨找一篇容易一些的读吧）

3.You might as well ring and tell them you're going to visit them.4. We might as well walk home.5. We might as well find an easier one to read.

TranslationXI. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 这位小个子男人并不如他看上去那么单纯。

1. This little man is not so innocent as he appears.

not so … as

Translation

there is nothing I can do

2. There is nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.

2.对这个问题我已束手无策了 , 所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。

might as well

Translation

3. 双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果 , 并希望合作进一步加深。

speak highly of

3. Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.

Translation

4.一方面 , 亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受 , 另一方面 , 它也能“广直言之路，启进善之门”。

on the other hand

4. On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted. On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions.

on the one handon the one hand

close to the people speak their minds

Translation

5.他孤独的感觉时起时落，他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。

rise and fell

5. His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.

at length

Translation

6. 毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。

after all

6. After all, money is not everything. The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.

necessarily

TranslationⅫ . Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.

2. I don’t want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.

1. 新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效，因为数月过去了，但管理 效率并没有明显改进。2. 我不想不必要地吓唬你，可是你最好还是面对现实，看看一些数 字吧。

Translation

3. Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation. Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.

4. Loneliness is a negative state. One feels that something is missing. It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely —perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.

3. 孤独的特点是一种与世隔绝感，而独居则是独自一人却不赶到寂寞的状态，它能引发自我意识。

4. 孤独是一种消极的状态，你会感到丢失了某种东西。你可能与别人在一起仍然感到孤独－这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式。

Translation

5. Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself. Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.

6. Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one’s heart is not open to them.

5. 独居是一种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的，是独自一人、享受自我愉快而又充实的陪伴的一种状态。

6. 梭罗说，一个人即使身处同伴之中，如果不对他们敞开心扉，仍会感到孤独。

ClozeXII. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase to fill in each blank.

Have you ever experienced living alone by yourself? Sunlight disappears, awakening me to the fact that I am alone. I am a solitary observer on this isolated pond in the forest. Here I sit alone as the last light of day fades away. A lone wolf in the distance cries out. Then darkness creeps in around me. I return to my small hut to put the kettle on the stove and sit in solitude with a hot cup of tea until I want to sleep. The fire inside the stove is low, so I use the axe to split some wood and throw them in. It gets the fire going. I had made preparations to be here for the entire summer. However , after a month I am already lacking in supplies. I didn’t expect I would

1 B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5. C 6.C 7.D 8.D 9. B 10. A

be tired of this experience so soon. In the cupboards there is nothing but noodles, and half a pint of wine. I have become so sick of noodles. Still, I have to force myself to choke them down. As I bring the teacup to my lips, I consider whether should return to civilization to gather supplies or simply abandon my adventure. My observation is that self-reliance is a bit boring. I long to share a steak dinner with my friends, to watch my niece play in the summer’s heat. Still my ego will not let me return to my family and friends just yet. I had boasted to them about how being alone would bring about inspiration to writing poetry. The fact is that I have written nothing.

Cloze

11.C 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.D 20.C