new toeic test perfect guide -...

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TOEIC５００点突破コース

For TOEIC test takers who aim to get TOEIC score more than 500

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5 Steps until you acquire all strategies in this course!

1. Understand TOEIC Test Format.2. Start lesson and try sample questions

in each part. 3. Learn strategies in each part.4. Practice strategies through exercise in

each part.5. Take trial test and review.

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TOEIC Test Format

• Listening Section: 45 minutes (100 questions)– Part 1: Photographs (10 questions)– Part 2: Question-Response (30 questions)– Part 3: Conversations (30 questions)– Part 4: Short Talks (30 questions)

• Reading Section: 75 minutes (100 questions)– Part 5: Incomplete Sentences (40 questions)– Part 6: Error Recognition or Text Completion (12

questions)– Part7: Reading Comprehension (48 questions)

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Part 1: Photographs

You will learn five strategies to get a higher score in Part 1!

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Part 1• 10 questions• Pose between the questions: 5 seconds

Direction: For each question in this part, you will hear four statements about a picture in your test book. When you hear the statements, you must select the one statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question on your answer sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time.

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Sample Question

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Sample Question

Look at the picture marked No.1 in your test book.(A) The woman is strolling along the street.(B) The woman is checking the schedule.(C) The woman is holding her wrist.(D) The woman is boarding the bus.

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7 Strategies for Part 1

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Use your time effectively!<４

steps>

1. Don’t listen to the explanation.2. Look through pictures before answers are

spoken.3. Listen to each answer and mark the answer

on your answer sheet soon after you listen to the correct answer.

4. Look at the next picture before the next answers are spoken.


Strategy 1

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If there is a person (or people), check “Where they are”, “Who they are”, and “What they are doing”! – Look at and listen carefully to

• Subject (主語): Who are they? – Man/Woman?– Doctor/Nurse?– Child/Children?

• Verb (述語): What are they doing? – Walking / Running?

• Check place and his/her position: Where are they?– Airport/Train station/Office etc.


Strategy 2

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Don’t be tricked by similarly pronounced words!

– Example words

・fold vs. hold・copy vs. coffee

– Example question →(A) The water is on sale today. (B) The woman is sailing across the water.(C) The woman is selling the boat. (D) The woman is saving someone on the water.


Strategy 3

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If there is only one person in a photo, the answer usually describes that person!– Look carefully at

• place, sex, occupation, and action of the person• person’s belongings (身に付けているもの、所持品)• The person is putting on the shirt. ≠ The person is wearing the shirt.

[着ているところだ（動作）] [着ている（状態）]

– Listen carefully to the modifying words (修飾語)• Example: A. The person is holding the vase with both hands.

– When you see a photo of a person with a vehicle (乗り物), Check his/her position

• Is the person trying to ride on a car/ already sitting in a car/ or just standing next to a car?


Strategy 4

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Part 1 Practice

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Part 1 Practice

4.Look at the picture marked No.4 in your test book.

(A) A man is reading a book by the sea.(B) A man is sleeping under the tree.(C) A man in a sweater is reading a book under a tree.(D) A man with white trousers is standing under a tree.

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Strategy 5Check “Similarities (共通点)”, “Differences (相違)”, and “Position (位置)” of people!

– Examples:They are wearing suites Only the composer is standing

– Check their position: for example…• Are they in a line? (彼らは縦一列に並んでいる？)• Or Are they in a row? (横一列に並んでいる？)• Or Are they sitting in a circle? (円になって座っている？)• Are they facing each other? (向かい合っている？)

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Part 1 Practice

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(A) They are are holding the mouse.(B) They are looking at a computer

screen together.(C) They are putting on their glasses.(D) The woman has her arm around the

man’s shoulder.

Part 1 Practice

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Strategy 6Don’t select the answer which describes “a person or a thing” which are not found in a photo.

• Example: →1. The bed is being made.

ベットは(今)整えられている(ところだ)。→Incorrect answer if there is no personin the photo （but “has been made” is correct)

2. There is a picture on the wall.→Incorrect answer if there is no picture in the photo.

• Also check “What kind of place is it?”, “What features can be found?”, “How things are positioned?”

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Strategy 7Be careful with answers which require your imagination!

• Example: →1. The people are about to leave.2. The people are going to take a flight.

You cannot identify the past/future situation by just looking a picture→ So most answers are described in present(現在)/present progressive tense(現在進行形).

• However, sometimes a sentence using past perfect (過去完了)can be an answer.

The trees have been cut down.→ Trees cannot be cut down by itself.The helicopter has landed in the park.→ The helicopter cannot be moved by itself. The bed has been made. → The bed cannot be made by itself.

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6. #19561518Part 1 Practice

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(A) A car has run over a crash barrier.(B) A car has smashed through a wall.(C) A car has run into a crash barrier.(D) Some cars have damaged a crash barrier.

6. #19561518

Part 1 Practice

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Part 1 Exercises

Let’s practice Part 1 using the strategies you have learned in the

lesson!

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Review Part 1 Strategies!

Strategy 1: Use your time effectively!

Strategy 2: Check “Where”, “Who”, and “What”

Strategy 3: Don’t be tricked by similarly pronounced words!

Strategy 4: If there is only a person, The answer usually describes the person!

Strategy 5: Check “Similarities”,“Differences”, and “Position”

Strategy 6: Avoid the answer which describes what are not found in a photo.

Strategy 7: Be careful with answers which require your imagination!

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Answers

1. Look at the picture marked No.1 in your test book.

(A) He’s writing out a ticket.(B) He’s stepping off the curb.(C) He’s facing the patrol car.(D) He’s putting on his hat.

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Answers


(A) They’re on opposite sides of the courter.

(B) They’re arranging the photos on the wall.

(C) They’re both wearing vests.(D) They’re looking at the computer

screen.

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Answers

3. D


(A) The stairway winds up to the roof.(B) They’re staring down at the

sidewalk.(C) They’re putting the bricks in place.(D) The doors have been left wide

open.

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Part 2: Question-Response


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Part 2• 30 questions• Pose between each question: 5 seconds

Direction:You will hear a question or statement and three responses spoken in English. They will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time. Select the best response to the question or statement and mark the letter (A), (B), or (C) on your answer sheet.

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Sample questions

1. Mark your answer on your answer sheet.





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Answers to the sample question

1. What time do you think you’ll be able to finish work today?

(A) Around the corner.(B) Yes, I can make time for that(C) No later than six.

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2. Would you like pancakes or toast with that?

(A) I can’t take it anymore. (B) Yes, it’s better toasted.(C) I think I’ll go with the pancakes.

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3. You’re not still hungry, aren’t you?

(A) Yes, I do.(B) Just a bit.(C) What made you think I was angry?

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Answers to the sample question4. How come you haven’t taken your summer

vacation yet?

(A) I’m in charge of a really important project now.(B) I thinks I’ll probably fly.(C) No, I still have most of my vacation days left.

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5. Why don’t we have Korean food tonight for a change?

(A) Sounds good to me.(B) There’s really no need to change it.(C) Because he had to work over time.

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Use your mark sheet effectively to save time!①

Keep your pencil on your mark sheet!

②

Slide your pencil to the next choice on the mark sheet if you think you are listening to the incorrect answer!

③

Mark the answer on your answer sheet immediately when you listen to the correct answer!

6 strategies for Part 2

Strategy 1

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Strategy 2 Pay attention to the first word of each question!

①

Listen carefully to the first word of a question.

②

Finish marking your answer on your answer sheet before the last answer “C” is read.

③

Don’t think too much about the previous answer.→ Be ready to listen to the first word of the next question.

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Strategy 3Avoid key words!

– Answers including keywords (the same word & similarly-pronounced word which is read in conversations) are traps!

– Example:May I take your order?(A) I’ll have Chef’s special, please.(B) I think this is out of order(C) Yes, I ordered a book from the publisher.

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Strategy 4Choose an appropriate(適切な) answer for WH questions!– WH questions: Questions which start with When, Where,

Who, Why, What and How

– The answers will be…When → Date/Time, Where → Place, Who →

Person/People, Why → Reason

– Don’t choose the answers which start with Yes/No!Example:

Man: What time is the meeting start?Woman: Yes, I think so. → Incorrect

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Practice 1

-Mark your answer on your answer sheet.

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Practice 1

Where did you end up going on your vacation?

(A) For two weeks.(B) We didn’t go until the end of August.(C) We spent a week at my aunt’s cottage.

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Strategy 5There are common phrases for the reply to suggestion, order, and request!– Questions pattern:

Why don’t you~?(～しませんか?) Would it be possible for you to~? (～できますか?) How about~? (～はどうですか？

)Etc.

– Common phrases for the reply:1. That’s a good idea, I’d love to.(喜んで

) Etc.

2. Or the reason why the person cannot accept the suggestion/order/request

– When you hear “Why don’t you~?” (suggestion)→don’t choose “Because~” (reason)

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Strategy 5

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Practice 2


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Practice 2

Why don’t we have some Greek food tonight for a change?

(A) I don’t think the change is a good idea.(B) Because Greek food is popular.(C) Sounds OK to me.

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Strategy 6The answer to “Yes/No-asking questions” (Do you~? Don’t they~? etc.) is not always Yes/No!– Example: Do you like banana? Very much.– Other question patterns

• Do you like coffee, don’t you? → Don’t care “don’t you” and find the choice which answers to “Do you like coffee?”, such as “Yes, I do.”

• Which do you like, A or B?→ The answer cannot be Yes/No, and usually contains A or B.

– Concentrate on the meaning of each answer

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Practice 3

-Mark your answer on your answersheet.

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Practice 3

Do you accept all major credit cards here?

(A) Yes, we can give you a store credit.(B) No, we don’t think it’s a major problem, either.(C) As long as your total is over 10 dollars.

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Practice 4


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Practice 4

Don’t you think you sometimes work too hard?

(A) No, I usually walk to the office.(B) Well, I just need to get things done. (C) Yes, they do work fine.

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Part 2 Exercises


lesson!

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Review all strategies in Part 2!Strategy 1: Use your mark sheet effectively to save time!

Strategy 2: Pay attention to the first word of each question!

Strategy 3: Avoid keyword!

Strategy 4: Choose an appropriate answer to WH question!

Strategy 5: There are common phrases for the reply to suggestion, order, and request!

Strategy 6: The answer to “Yes/No-asking questions” (Do you~? Don’t they~? etc.) is not always Yes/No!

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Part 2 Exercises





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Answers to Part 2 Exercises

1. Who’s going with you to meet the client tomorrow?(A) Yes, they’re one of our oldest clients.(B) From 3:30 in the afternoon.(C) I asked Evan to join me.

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2. How about going for a drive later?(A) You’ll need to tighten it a touch more.(B) Sure. What a great idea.(C) No, I think he arrives on Monday.


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3. Jennifer, could you shred these documents for me, please?(A) You mean the documentary on channel 3?(B) Certainly, Mr. James. Right away.(C) I read about it in the newspaper.


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4. Did you let Mr. Kim know about the possible delay in delivery?(A) He delivered his talk very skillfully.(B) Only about two weeks.(C) I sent him an e-mail this morning.


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Part 3: Conversations

You will learn three strategies to get a higher score in Part 3!

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Part 3• 30 questions• The length of the pose between the questions:

8 seconds

Direction: You will hear some conversations between two people. You will be asked to answer three questions about what the speakers say in each conversation. Select the best response to each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet. The conversations will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time.

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Sample Question1. Who is the woman?

(A) A flight attendant(B) A pilot(C) A passenger(D) A flight surgeon

2. What does the man ask for?(A) Coffee(B) A pillow(C) Orange juice(D) A blanket

3. Why will the flight will be delayed?(A) The airport is closed.(B) The weather is foggy.(C) The plane had engine

trouble.(D) The flight was rerouted.

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Answer to the Sample Question1. Who is the woman?

(A) A flight attendant(B) A pilot(C) A passenger(D) A flight surgeon

2. What does the man ask for?(A) Coffee(B) A pillow(C) Orange juice(D) A blanket

3. Why will the flight will be delayed?(A) The airport is closed.(B) The weather is foggy.(C) The plane had engine

trouble.(D) The flight was rerouted.

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Answer to the Sample Question

Transcript:Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following conversation.

W: Can I get you anything to drink? Orange juice? Coffee?

M: No, thanks. Not right now. But could I trouble you for a blanket? And could you tell me what time we are scheduled to land?

W: I just heard from the captain that we’ll be a little late arriving due to fog. Right now planes are taking off, but not landing, apparently. It’s expected to lift within the hour, so we’ll probably be only a few minutes behind schedule.

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Strategy 1 Read questions before you listen to the conversation!①

Read questions while Part3 explanation is read.→Identify what information you must get!

②

Mark the answer while you listen to the conversation. （Keywords for each question usually comes in order.）

③

Try to finish marking all answers on your mark sheet before the 2nd question for the conversation is spoken.

④

Look over three questions for the next conversation using whole 8 seconds between the questions(even in case that you could not finish the last question)

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Strategy 2Imagine the content of next conversation from three questions!Example:1. Who is the woman?

→

There will be a woman in the next conversation.

2. What does the man ask for? →

You understand that the man will ask for something.

3. Why will the flight be delayed?→

You can imagine the situation of the conversation.

①The flight will be delay. ②The reason for the delay will be explained.③There will be a person who will explain the reason in the

conversation. ④The place will be on the plane or at the airport.

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Strategy 3Understand the pattern of the questions!

General QuestionsThere are some hints in the conversation to solve this type of questions.Example: Package, delivery, express → The place is probably a post office.

Place Where is this conversation taking place?

Topic What are the speakers discussing?

Occupation What is the woman’s job?

Specific QuestionsThere are hints in the questions and answer choices to solve this type of questions.

Reason Why does the woman cancel the reservation?Date When will the next concert be hold?

Method How will the man get to the airport?

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Strategy 1: Read questions before you listen to the conversation!

Strategy 2: Imagine the content of next conversation from three questions!

Strategy 3: Understand the pattern of the questions!

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Part 3 Exercises


lesson!

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Part 3 Exercises

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Answers 1-31. What are speakers discussing?

(A) A new marketing strategy(B) An accounting report(C) A proposed pension plan(D) A An administrative policy

2. Who should the man give the completed document to?(A) Mr. Brown(B) Ms. Johnson(C) Ms. Nelson(D) Ms. Wellesley

3. What will the man likely to do next?(A) Call his subordinate on the phone.(B) Gather his team members together.(C) Begin calculating some financial data.(D) Distribute copies of the document.

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Transcript: Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following conversation.

W: Good morning Mr. Brown, has your team finished last quarter’s accounting report yet?

M: Almost, Ms. Johnson, I asked one of my subordinates, Ralph Nelson to Double-check the figures. He should be done soon.

W: Excellent. Do me a favor, would you? When your team is finished, please give the document to my assistant, Ms. Wellesley, so she can make copies for the other department heads.

M: Will do. I’ll give Ralph a call right now to see how he’s coming along.

1. What are speakers discussing?(A) A new marketing strategy(B) An accounting report(C) A proposed pension plan(D) A An administrative policy

2. Who should the man give the completed document to?

(A) Mr. Brown(B) Ms. Johnson(C) Ms. Nelson(D) Ms. Wellesley

3. What will the man likely to do next?(A) Call his subordinate on the phone.(B) Gather his team members together.(C) Begin calculating some financial data.(D) Distribute copies of the document.

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Answers 4-64. Where does this conversation take

place?(A) On a train(B) In a bus station(C) At a travel agency(D) Inside an office

5. What is the man concerned about?(A) Getting something to eat(B) Attending a business meeting(C) Purchasing a new cellphone(D) Boarding his transfer flight on time

6. How will the man get in touch with his client?(A) By e-mail(B) By text messaging(C) By public telephone(D) By fax

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Transcript: Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following conversation.

M: We’ve been sitting in this tunnel for almost 15 minutes. I have an important meeting in Boston at 10’o clock!

W: Sorry, sir. There’s a bus stalled on the tracks at a crossing a couple of miles up the line from us. The dispatcher thinks we should be underway shortly, though.

M: OK. I’d better send a text message to my client to push back the starting time of the meeting. Oh, no. There’s no reception for my cellphone.

W: There’s a public phone next to the dining car that you can use, sir.

4. Where does this conversation take place?(A) On a train(B) In a bus station(C) At a travel agency(D) Inside an office

5. What is the man concerned about?(A) Getting something to eat(B) Attending a business meeting(C) Purchasing a new cellphone(D) Boarding his transfer flight on time

6. How will the man get in touch with his client?(A) By e-mail(B) By text messaging(C) By public telephone(D) By fax

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Part 4: Short Talks

You will learn three strategies to get a higher score in Part 4!

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Part 4• 30 questions• The pose between the questions: 8 seconds

Direction: You will hear some talks given by a single speaker. You will be asked to answer three questions about what the speaker says in each talk. Select the best response to each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet. The talks will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time.

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Sample Question1. What is the reason for the

announcement?(A) A flight is ready for boarding.(B) A flight has been delayed.(C) A flight has been cancelled.(D) A flight is overbooked.

2. According to the announcement, what has Jet Green Airways already done?(A) Issued new boarding passes(B) Contacted partner airlines(C) Installed more comfortable seats(D) Reserved hotels for affected passengers.

3. What should passengers do next?(A) Proceed directly to the gate(B) Wait for further announcements(C) Contact another airline(D) Line up at the check-in counter

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Answer to the Sample Question

1. What is the reason for the announcement?(A) A flight is ready for boarding.(B) A flight has been delayed.(C) A flight has been cancelled.(D) A flight is overbooked.

2. According to the announcement, what has Jet Green Airways already done?(A) Issued new boarding passes(B) Contacted partner airlines(C) Installed more comfortable seats(D) Reserved hotels for affected passengers.

3. What should passengers do next?(A) Proceed directly to the gate(B) Wait for further announcements(C) Contact another airline(D) Line up at the check-in counter

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Answers to the Sample Question

Transcript: Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following announcement.

May I have the attention of all passengers waiting to board Jet Green Airways Flight 652 to Detroit? We regret to inform you that due to maintenance problems on the aircraft, Flight 652 has been cancelled. However, Jet Green Airways has already made arrangements with our partner airlines to re-seat you on their flights in order to get you to your destination later in the day. Please form a line at the check-in counter here at Gate 46 to find out where to go to get your reissued boarding passes. We at Jet Green Airways truly regret the inconvenience.

1. What is the reason for the announcement?2. According to the announcement, what has Jet Green Airways already done?3. What should passengers do next?

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Strategy 1 Read questions before you listen to the conversation! →*The same with Part 3 Strategy 1

①

Read questions while Part3 explanation is read.→Identify what information you must get!

②

Mark the answer while you listen to the conversation. （Keywords for each question usually comes in order.）

③

Try to finish marking all answers on your mark sheet before the 2nd question for the conversation is spoken.

④

Look over three questions for the next conversation using whole 8 seconds between the questions(even in case that you could not finish the last question)

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Strategy 2 Identify which questions should be solved priory when you read questions!– When you read questions…

• Check the length of answers and decide which questions are short/long and to solved priory!

• Don’t take too much time to read every single answer choice

– When you answer the questions…• Don’t fail to answer easy questions because of thinking too much

about difficult questions

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Strategy 3 Be familiar with the pattern of the questions according to the topic!

Five topics which are commonly used in Part 4①

Advertisement

②

Public announcement/Recorded massage④

Speech

⑤

Tour guide⑥

News

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①

Advertisement

– Two common patterns: • Advertisement of a specific product• OR announcement of sale

– Key points: Listen carefully toWho is advertising? What is the product? What is the feature of the product? How long is the sale? How can customers get coupon/discount

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②

Public announcement/Recorded massage

– Common Patterns: Announcement in a company, Radio, Transportation information, Information from public organizations, recorded telephone messages

– Key points: Announcement is often made to tell the change of something, so focus on “What is different?” “What is the reason for the change?” “How long will the change continue?” etc.

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③

Speech– Common Patterns:

• Retirement speech• Speech at a meeting/training

– Key points: • For retirement speech: “Who is being introduced for

retirement?” “What is the position/background of the person?” “What is the topic of the speech?”

• For Speech at a meeting/training: “What is the position of the speaker?” “What kind of the people are the audiences?”

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Strategy 3 Be familiar with the pattern of the questions according to the topic!④

Tour guide

– Common Pattern: • Schedule check by tour guide at sightseeing spots

– Key Points: • “Where are they?” “What time and where are they going?”

“What are the things participants have to be careful?”“What is the purpose of the tour?”

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Strategy 3 Be familiar with the pattern of the questions according to the topic!⑤

News

– Two patterns: • Business performance or M&A• Personnel transfer (e.g. The manager is going to change.)

– Key points: • “What industry or department is the news about?”• “Who is the new manager?”

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Strategy 1: Read questions before you listen to the conversation!

Strategy 2: Identify which questions should be solved priory when you read questions!

Strategy 3: Be familiar with the pattern of the questions according to the topic!

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Part 4 Exercises


lesson!

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Part 4 Exercises

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Answers 1-31. What is the purpose of the massage?

(A) To arrange transportation to work(B) To ask to borrow Jim’s car tomorrow (C) To inquire about the dance festival(D) To change their appointment time

2. Why is Fred making this request?(A) He is thinking about joining a dance class. (B) His own car will be unavailable tomorrow.

(C) He plans to take the day off from work.(D) His wife intends to go with him to the office.

3. What does Fred say about the city’s bus service?(A) It does not run on time.(B) It needs stricter security.(C) It is seriously overcrowded.(D) It has poor transfer connections.

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Answers 1-3Transcript:

Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following telephone massage.

Jim, this is Fred. I hate to ask you this, but could you give me a ride to the office tomorrow morning? We had some guests unexpectedly come in from out of town and my wife needs the car to take them sightseeing around town tomorrow. They want to go to some kind of dance festival at the park and visit some shopping malls. Anyhow, I can be ready to go anytime after 6:30. Give me a call to let me know if this works for you or not. In the worst case, I’ll try to get the bus. But with the transfer connections being as bad as they are in our city, it would probably take me an extra hour to get to work. I’d really appreciate a lift. Thanks, buddy.

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Answers 4-6

4. Who is the intended audience for this announcement?(A) Candidates for public office(B) Bicycling enthusiasts(C) Construction workers(D) Members of the general public

5. What is the purpose of the announced meeting?(A) To observe a debate between politicians(B) To discuss a proposal made by the city(C)To issue licenses for riverfront businesses(D) To hold a special election for the city council

6. According to the announcement, how would the bicycle pathway be paid for?(A) By charging user fees(B) By raising municipal taxes(C) By issuing city bonds(D) By obtaining a government grant

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Answers 4-6

Transcript:Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following announcement.

And now a Radio KMRY public service announcement. The Marysville city council will hold an open meeting on Sunday, March 2 to discuss the city’s planned construction of a bicycle path running along the Marysville River. The proposal calls for the bicycle path to be paid for by a municipal bond issuance, something that must be approved by the public in a general election in November. The council encourages all citizens of Marysville and surrounding areas to attend and to share their opinions on this proposal. The meeting will begin at 2P.M.

A Tip for Listening Section

• Even if you don’t understand a question, DON’T WORRY and concentrate on the coming question!

If you worry too much, you will miss the following questions.

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Oh! What’s the answer for question #5….

Question #6….

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Part 5-7: Reading SectionKey Point: Manage your time!

• Save time in Part 5・6: Try to finish in 20 minutes!

• Look through questions before you read and start with an easy questions in order to save time

• Leave enough time (55 minutes) to Part 7

☆Training advise: Get used to reading fast by easy materials. 習うより、慣れましょう！

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Part 5: Incomplete Sentences

You will learn four strategies to get a higher score in Part 5!

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Part 5• 40 questions• The approximate time to solve Part 5: 14 minutes

Direction: A word or phrase is missing in each of the sentences below. Four answer choices are given below each sentence. Select the best answer to complete the sentence. Then mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.

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Sample Question

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Answers to the Sample Question

Answer 1: A. to– Pattern: Preposition

Answer 2: A. void– Pattern: Vocabulary

Answer 3: D. operate (Verb)– Pattern: Categorical

words

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Finish up Part 5 quickly!①Read answers first②Identify the pattern of the question③If you don’t understand a question, mark

randomly and come back to the question later→

Mark a skip sign on your answer sheet when

you skip a question example

④Try to finish Part 5 in 14 minutes!


Strategy 1

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Strategy 2 Look over the answers first and categorize them into three patterns!

Category Contents of the Questions①Reading-non-required questions:Look at just the words before and after the blank and choose the answer in 5-10 seconds.

parse品詞, preposition前置詞, coordinating conjunctions小接続詞, definite pronoun不定代名詞, relative pronoun関係代名詞

②Reading-required questions:You need to read the whole sentences.Choose the answer in 20 seconds.

vocabulary, subordinating conjunctions 大きい接続詞,personal pronoun 人称代名詞

③Decision-required questions:You need to read the part of sentences.Choose the answer in 20 seconds.

verb form, single/plural, comparison

9


Strategy 3Review structure for the questions which can be solved without reading!

1. Parse (品詞)2. Preposition (前置詞)3. Coordinating conjunctions (小さい接続詞)4. Definite pronoun (不定代名詞)5. Relative pronoun (関係代名詞)

10


Strategy 3

1. Parse (品詞) 8-12 questions

– If there are more than three different category words in multiple choices, the question asks parse

• Example: A. explainB. explanationC. explainingD. explained

– Don’t read the whole sentences! Just look at the word before/after the blank.

11


Strategy 31. Parse

Review basic functions of parse!

Let’s practice!Q1 Financial ------- are predicting 15 to 17 per cent drop in US

software sales year-over-year for the month of August. (A) analysis (B) analytical (C) analysts (D) analyze

Function Parse ExampleTo modify noun Adjective She has a beautiful bag. To modify verb Adverb He runs very fast. She answered correctly. Comes after possession

Noun I didn’t understand his explanation.

Subjects Noun Reading books is my hobby.

12


Strategy 3

2. Preposition (前置詞) 3-4 questions

– Two Patterns① Answers will be decided by the following word② Idiom

– If you know how to use preposition, you can choose the right answer.

However, if you don’t know, you cannot answer.→ if you can’t solve in 10 seconds, mark randomly and go to the next question to save time!

13

Practice109. As a result ------- environmental changes, mass human migration

has been seen in certain parts of the world.

(A) of (B) for(C) with(D) in

116. The sales manager couldn’t account ------- the fact that the first quarter sales plunged 15 %.

(A) for (B) in(C) to(D) from

14


Strategy 3

3. Coordinate conjunction (小さい接続詞)

– The most common questions of coordinate conjunction• Both A and B• Either A or B• Neither A nor B• Not only A but also B

– Let’s try sample questions!

15

Practice102. The company had to make a decision on whether to close its

business ------- to seek for merger with one of the major companies of the same field.(A) and(B) but also(C) but(D) or

115. Tardiness not only gives your boss a negative impression of you ------ affects your own performance.(A) and (B) as if (C) or (D) but also

16


Strategy 3

4. Definite pronoun (不定代名詞)

– Example: Each, every, another, few, little, much

– Identify the right answer by the word after the blank.

Is it single or plural?Is it countable or uncountable?

17


Strategy 3

4. Definite pronoun (不定代名詞) Review!!Singular/Plural Countable? Example

Each Singular ------ Each of them has (×have) a car.

Every Singular ------ Every method (×methods) has (×have) been tried.

Another (an+other)

Singular ------ Do you want another cup (×cups) of tea?

Few Plural Countable I have a few oranges.

Little Singular Uncountable There is little (×few) water (×s) left.

Much Singular Uncountable You spend much (×many) money (×s).

18

Practice122. ------ is known about how the top secret of the company

leaked.

(A) Few(B) Little (C) Many(D) Lots

19


Strategy 3

5. Relative Pronoun (関係代名詞)

– Definition: We use the relative pronouns to refer to a noun mentioned before and of which we are adding more information.

– Relative pronoun• Who• Which• Whose • That

20

Practice• The employees ------- performance is considered exceptional will be

awarded an annual bonus.

(A) whom(B) which(C) whose(D) who

• We went to our uncle's house the day before yesterday, -------we had dinner last Sunday.

(A) where(B) which(C) when(D) whose

21


Strategy 4Skip questions which you don’t understand the meanings for the questions which require you to read!

Three patterns of questions which require you to read

1. Vocabulary2. Subordinating conjunctions3. Personal pronoun

22

1. Vocabulary

– You need to read the whole sentences to choose the answer.

– If you do not understand the answer after you read twice, mark the answer randomly and go to the next question to save time!

– Building up vocabulary is important: More than half of Part 5 will test you on vocabulary!


Strategy 4

23

2. Subordinating conjunction

– Example: While, since, because, even though etc.

– You need to read the whole sentences.– Understand the difference between

subordination conjunction and preposition• Example

Although and despite/in spite ofwhile and during


Strategy 4

24

3. Personal Pronoun

– Example: He, her, yours, himself, them etc.– Look through the sentences to check what is

it referring– Be careful with sex, single/plural, and long

subjects


Strategy 4

25

Identify the correct form by looking the whole sentences for the questions which require your decision to solve!

Three patterns of questions which require you to read

1. Verb form2. Single/plural3. Comparison


Strategy 5

26

1.Verb form

– Check verb tense and active/passive/progressive form

– For questions asking verb tense: Check if there are words which identify the time• Next week• Tomorrow• Last year etc.


Strategy 5

27

2.Single/plural

– Check its subject and verb• Is/Does: Single → The [meeting] is important.• Are/Do: Plural → The Meetings (of the new plan)

[are] important.

– “Is one of …”• Noun will be plural• Example: Tokyo is one of the most vibrant [cities]

in the world.


Strategy 5

28

Review Part 5 Strategies!Strategy 1: Finish up Part 5 quickly!

Strategy 2: Look over the answers first and categorize them into three patterns!

Strategy 3: Review structure for the questions which can be solved without reading!

Strategy 4: Skip questions which you don’t understand the meanings for the questions which require you to read!

Strategy 5: Identify the correct form by looking the whole sentences for the questions which require your decision to solve!

29

Part 5 Exercises


lesson!

30

Exercise 1-41. The production manager confirmed

that the assembly line would be back - ------normal production by the end of the week.

(A) for(B) to(C) over(D) up

2. The total -------of the central train station will likely cost twice as much as the allocated budget.

(A) recognition(B) registration(C) reduction(D) renovation

3.

Copies

of the annual report‐‐‐‐‐‐‐to all

stockholders at the end of last month.

(A) were mailed(B) will have mailed(C) mailed(D) was mailed

4.

The recent popularity of the Kingdom Hotel’s

restaurant is ‐‐‐‐‐‐its nightly live jazz

performances by famous musicians.

(A) owing(B) because of(C) everywhere(D) even with

31

Answers 1-41. The production manager confirmed

that the assembly line would be back - ------normal production by the end of the week.

(A) for(B) to(C) over(D) up

2. The total -------of the central train station will likely cost twice as much as the allocated budget.

(A) recognition(B) registration(C) reduction(D) renovation

3.

Copies

of the annual report‐‐‐‐‐‐‐to all

stockholders at the end of last month.

(A) were mailed(B) will have mailed(C) mailed(D) was mailed

4.

The recent popularity of the Kingdom Hotel’s

restaurant is ‐‐‐‐‐‐its nightly live jazz

performances by famous musicians.

(A) owing(B) because of(C) everywhere(D) even with

32

Exercise 5-85. The local government is encouraging

companies to minimize their ------- of energy and water.

(A) consume(B) consumed(C) consumption(D) consumable

6. Mass direct-mail advertising is one way ------- a company can inform many potential customers about its newly developed products.

(A) by when(B) what(C) that(D) of those

7.

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐

the company‐sponsored workshops are

provided free of charge to all full‐time

employees of the firm.

(A) Much of(B) Almost(C) Every(D) Most of

8.

GHK Publishing has decided to publish a new

series of encyclopedias either in late July ‐‐‐‐‐‐

in early August.

(A) as well as(B) or(C) and(D) then again

33

Answers 5-85. The local government is encouraging

companies to minimize their ------- of energy and water.

(A) consume(B) consumed(C) consumption(D) consumable

6. Mass direct-mail advertising is one way ------- a company can inform many potential customers about its newly developed products.

(A) by when(B) what(C) that(D) of those

7.

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐

the

company‐sponsored workshops

are

provided free of charge to all full‐time

employees of the firm.

(A) Much of(B) Almost(C) Every(D) Most of

8.

GHK Publishing has decided to publish a new

series of encyclopedias either

in late July ‐‐‐‐‐‐

in early August.

(A) as well as(B) or(C) and(D) then again

34

Exercise 9-109. Due to the economic recession,

interest rates for home loans are currently -------they have ever been.

(A) a lowest(B) the lower(C) lowest(D) lower than

10. The union representative requested the company cafeteria to continue ----- -- operation until 9:00 p.m. everyday, even on weekend.

(A) its(B) their(C) our(D) his

35

Answers 9-109. Due to the economic recession,

interest rates for home loans are currently -------they have ever been.

(A) a lowest(B) the lower(C) lowest(D) lower than

10. The union representative requested the company cafeteria to continue ----- -- operation until 9:00 p.m. everyday, even on weekend.

(A) its(B) their(C) our(D) his

1

Part 6: Error Recognition or Text Completion

You will learn four strategies to get a higher score in Part 6!

2

Part 6• 12 questions• 4 passages with 3 blanks for each questions• Approximate time to finish this part: 6 minutes

Direction: Read the texts that follow. A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences. Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences. Select the best answer to complete the text. Then mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.

3

Part 6 Sample Question

5

Answers

1. D:purchasing

2. B: Furthermore

3. A: the above

6

Questions 141-143 refer to the following letter.

Thousands of customers have already switched to Skymark Home & AutoInsurance, and many have saved hundreds of dollar as a result. Please take a few minutes to read the enclosed brochure and learn how you can protect your valuable assets.

At Skymark Financial, we are dedicated to -------(141) A. offer

B. offering C. be offeredD. have offered

insurance solutions to meet your needs. With Skymark Home & Auto Insurance, you can be assured that you have access to comprehensive coverage at affordable rates, to give you peace of mind at home and on the -------.

(142) A. carB. bus C. roadD. house

Contact us today – you can be confident that we will be there to help protect your valuable assets when the ------- happens.

(143) A. expectedB. unexpected C. accidentsD. incidents

7

Questions 141-143 refer to the following letter.

Thousands of customers have already switched to Skymark Home & AutoInsurance, and many have saved hundreds of dollar as a result. Please take a few minutes to read the enclosed brochure and learn how you can protect your valuable assets.

At Skymark Financial, we are dedicated to -------(141) A. offer

B. offeringC. be offeredD. have offered

insurance solutions to meet your needs. With Skymark Home & Auto Insurance, you can be assured that you have access to comprehensive coverage at affordable rates, to give you peace of mind at home and on the -------.

(142) A. carB. bus C. roadD. house

Contact us today – you can be confident that we will be there to help protect your valuable assets when the ------- happens.

(143) A. expectedB. unexpectedC. accidentsD. incidents

8


9

Manage your time effectively!

• Important key in Part 6 is time management!

• Try to finish up in 6 minutes to leave enough time for Part 7→ 30 seconds per question on average.


Strategy 1

10


Strategy 2 Before you start reading the whole passage, categorize the question pattern as you learned in Part 5!

• Questions can be divided into three patterns: 1. Questions which can be solved without reading2. Questions which require you to read3. Questions which require your decision

• Find the type of questions which you can solve by just reading one sentence since those questions are relatively easy.

11

Questions in Part 6 can be divided into 2 types!

① Independent type (独立系問題)– Answer can be understood by just reading the sentence which

has blank.– Require knowledge of structure/vocabulary– Solve this type of questions first!– Example: First question of the Part 6 sample question

②Depending context type (従属系問題)– You need to understand the context in order to find the right

answer.– Example: Second question of the Part 6 sample question


Strategy 3

12

Answers

1. D:purchasing

2. B: Furthermore

3. A: the above

13


Strategy 4If you are asked “conjunctive adverb(接続副詞)”, the question type is “depending the context type”

• In Part 6, some questions ask you to understand the context of the story and choose the answer for a blank. ⇒Asking “Conjunctive adverb” is one example!

• Let’s think about example questions!

14


Strategy 41. Nicks contributed largely in increasing the company’s

sales; -------, he got bonus twice as much as he has got last year.

(A) However (B) therefore (C) Although, (D) Because

2. -------, Nicks contributed largely in increasing the company’s sales, so he got bonus twice as much as he has got last year.

(A) However (B) In other words (C) Actually (D) Even more

15


Strategy 4 3. Our company introduced a merit system, and the amount

of bonus depends on an achievement of individuals. ----- --, Nicks contributed largely in increasing the company’s sales, so he got bonus twice as much as he has got last year.

(A)However (B) In other words (C) Actually (D) Even more

⇒ In Part 6, some questions ask you to answer the correct Discourse maker (which is used as the sign of the change in story; conjunctive adverb).

16


Strategy 4 Let’s study some “Discourse makers”!

Above all：中でも

Accordingly：それに従って

Actually：実際に

Additionally：加えて

After all：結局は

As always：いつも通り

As a result：その結果

Consequently：それにより

However：しかしながら

In this case：今回は

In other words：言い換えると

Next：次に

On the other hand：一方で

Specifically：具体的には

17


Strategy 5 Understand the context to choose appropriate verb tense（動詞の時制）!

• Some questions ask you to choose the most appropriate verb tense.

Example of Part 5) Copies of the annual report-------to all stockholders at the end of last month.

(A) were mailed (B) will have mailed (C) is mailed (D) will be mailed

• However, In Part 6, the answer depends on a context. ⇒Check the sentences before/after the sentence with the blank.

• Usually answers can be understood through just reading one/two previous sentences from the sentence with blank.

18


Strategy 6 Answers for questions which ask personal pronoun usually depends on the contexts!

• Personal pronoun：

they, you, he, she, etc…• Noun which is paraphrased through pronoun is usually

found before the blank. • you can usually find the answer if you start reading one

paragraph before the blank. ⇒Don’t need to read from the beginning

• Don’t use much time for Part 6 by reading carefully!

19

Review Part 6 Strategies!Strategy 1: Manage your time effectively!Strategy 2: Before you start reading the whole passage,

categorize the question pattern as you learned in Part 5!

Strategy 3: Questions in Part 6 can be divided into 2 types!

Strategy 4: If you are asked “conjunctive adverb”, the question type is “depending the context type”

Strategy 5: Understand the context to choose appropriate verb tense!

Strategy 6: Answers for questions which ask personal pronoun usually depends on the contexts!

20

Part 6 Exercises


lesson!

22

Answers

1. D2. B3. C

23

Part7: Reading Comprehension


24

Contents of Part 7• Long passages with 2-5 questions for each• Single passage and double passage questions• Altogether 17 passages• Approximate time to finish this part: 50 minutes

Direction: In this part you will read a selection of texts, such as magazine and newspaper articles, letters, and advertisements. Each text is followed by several questions. Select the best answer for each question and mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.

25

Part 7 Sample Question

27

Answers

1. C2. D3. C

28


29

Do skimming and scanning!

1. Skim the entire passage first! Look over passages and understand key point and rough contents of the passage.

2. Look through questions and understand which information is needed.

3. Scan the passage next!Read passage carefully and try to find only the key information!


Strategy 1

30


Strategy 2 Finish up single-passage questions quickly!– There are 9 passages in single-passage questions, and 2X4

passages in double-passage questions

– Save time for double-passage questions!⇒Don’t take much time for simple questions⇒You can solve the questions if you read carefully: Able to get a high score if you have enough time!

– Some questions ask synonym→When you study vocabulary, try to memorize vocabularies which have the same meaning at one time.

31


Strategy 3 Grapes the pattern of a passage!

Three common patterns in Part 7

1. Business correspondence (Business letter, mail)2. Form3. Advertisement

32


Strategy 3 • Business correspondence (Business letter, mail)

– Important information → First paragraph– Understand “who is mailing to who?” and the purpose

• Form– Understand the purpose of the form– Question: “How does the applicants apply for it?”

→

The answer will usually be found in the last sentence.

• Advertisement– Understand the features of the production/service which is being

advertised– Question: “How can customers get more information about the

product?” →

The answer: Last sentence

33


Strategy 4 Be careful with paraphrase!

– The words in the correct answer are mostly paraphrased from the words in the passages.

– Example: • (In the passage) go bankrupt• (In the answer choice) ⇒get out of business

34


Strategy 5 Grapes the situation described in the passages of double-passage question!

– Understand what kind of the passage it is: Is it flyer, article, or email?

– Look at both passages and identify which is written first.

– Read the passage from the person’s (the person who wrote/got the massage) point of view.

35


Strategy 6Read only one of two passages entirely!

– 1-2 questions out of 5 questions require you to get information from both passages→

Read the first passage carefully to prepare this

kind of questions

– Grapes briefly what kind of information is found from where in the first passage so that you can go back to the information quickly when you need.

36

Review Part 7 Strategies!Strategy 1: Do skimming and scanning!

Strategy 2: Finish up single-passage questions quickly!

Strategy 3: Grapes the pattern of a passage!

Strategy4: Be careful with paraphrase!

Strategy 5: Grapes the situation described in the passages of double-passage question!

Strategy 6: Read only one of two passages entirely!

37

Part 7 Exercises


lesson!

38

Ms. Jenny BrownSales ManagerCrystal Trading Company Ltd.

I am pleased to recommend Mr. Tom Johnson for the position of salesassistance. Mr. Johnson was my student in Sales and Business at theUniversity of Chicago. He excelled not only in academics but also inleadership, particularly as student union chairman. He was also amember of the Business Society of Chicago. Mr. Johnson has strong persuasive skills and a very positive workoutlook--qualities that should make him a valuable member of yourorganization.

With my best wishes,And William

Dear Mr. And William

This is Jenny from Crystal Trading Company. I really thank you verymuch for introducing Mr. Tom Johnson for the position of salesassistance. I have something to ask you about this.Please send me the following information

・His photograph.・His reference with others.・His most recent resume.

Thanks in advance for your help.Jenny Brown

13. What is the purpose of the letter?

(A) To apply for a new position.(B) To reject an employee. (C) To recommend a person for a

job. (D) To explain a marketing

procedure

14. What is not mentioned as the strength of Tom Johnson?

(A) Leadership exposure.(B) Persuasiveness.(C) Trading experience.(D) Scholarship.

15. What additional information does Jenny Brown request?

(A) His reference with other.(B) His academic records.(C) Job experience.(D) His family background.

39

Ms. Jenny BrownSales ManagerCrystal Trading Company Ltd.

I am pleased to recommend Mr. Tom Johnson for the position of salesassistance. Mr. Johnson was my student in Sales and Business at theUniversity of Chicago. He excelled not only in academics but also inleadership, particularly as student union chairman. He was also amember of the Business Society of Chicago. Mr. Johnson has strong persuasive skills and a very positive workoutlook--qualities that should make him a valuable member of yourorganization.

With my best wishes,And William

Dear Mr. And William

This is Jenny from Crystal Trading Company. I really thank you verymuch for introducing Mr. Tom Johnson for the position of salesassistance. I have something to ask you about this.Please send me the following information

・His photograph.・His reference with others.・His most recent resume.

Thanks in advance for your help.Jenny Brown

13. What is the purpose of the letter?

(A) To apply for a new position.(B) To reject an employee. (C) To recommend a person for a

job.(D) To explain a marketing

procedure

14. What is not mentioned as the strength of Tom Johnson?

(A) Leadership exposure.(B) Persuasiveness.(C) high academic performance.(D) Trading experience.

15. What additional information does Jenny Brown request?

(A) His reference with other.(B) His academic records.(C) Job experience.(D) His family background.

As in the first line, recommending Mr. Johnson for sales assistant, so C is correct.

There is no mention of ‘trading experience’, so D is correct. All other qualities are mentioned.

There is no mention of (B), (C), and (D) in the reply from Jenny Brown, but only (A), so it is correct.

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