]n.f. skbvxp apl½zv - mappila heritage library · malayalam nethru smrithi - 3 p.a.saithumuhammed...

Pamð sIm¨§mSn

t\XrkvarXn

]n.F. skbvXp apl½Zv

]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv

Pam¬ sIm®-ßmSn

]km-[\w:

sKbvkv FPyp-t°-j-W¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥

mappilaheritagelibrary

Malayalam

Nethru Smrithi - 3P.A.Saithumuhammed

(Biography)

by

Jamal Kochangadi

General EditorP.A. Rasheed

Project Co-ordinatorK. Aboobacker

[email protected]

All rights reservedFirst Edition: August 2011

Published byGrace Educational Association, P.B. No: 3

Malappuram Dt., PIN : 676317

Production & DesignDawn Foundation Malappuram

DTP & LayoutPerfect-Vtk / 9495642332

Printed in Indiaat

SR Offset PrintersCochin

Distributors:Grace Books

Camp Sayyid, P.B.No. 3Malappuram Dt - 676317

75/-


]km-[-I-°p-dn∏v

BIm-iØp ]S-cm\pw I\n \¬Im-\pw Ign-b-W-sa-¶n¬ aÆn¬ thcn-d°n hocyw hen-s®-Sp-°-W-sa-∂Xv ]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-am-Wv. Hmtcm Xe-ap-dbpwap≥ap-d-°m-cn¬ \n∂v kmwkvIm-cn-Im-kvXn-Iƒ G‰p-hm-ßp-Ibpw ]pXp-ap-d-°m¿°v ]mI-am-Ip∂ Xc-Øn¬ ]pXp-°p-Ibpw hcpw-X-e-ap-d°v th≠nIcp-X-temsS ImØp-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. am‰-ß-tfm-Sn-W-ßn-\n∂v s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v kaq-l-a-\ v Ft∏mgpw kmh-Imiw tXSp-∂p-≠v. AXn-∂-h-kcw \¬Im-ØX IqSnb KXn-th-K-amWvae-bm-fn-bpsS am‰-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. tIc-fo-b¿ Ime-ß-fmbn ImØp-sh® CuSp-sh-∏p-Iƒ ]eXpw Cu IpsØm-gp-°n¬ IS-]p-g-Ip-∂p. aÆns‚ aWhpw\nd-hp-an-√mØ Hcp hnNnXkwkvImcw ]Xps° tIc-f-Øn¬ cq]-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂p. kmw-kvIm-cnIØpS¿®-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ CS¿®-bnep≈ thh-emXn ]escbpw CS-s]-Sp-∂Xn∂v t]cn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v. "t\Xr-kvar-Xn-' ]k-‡-am-Ip-∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Zo¿L-Ime]k-‡n-bp≈ aqey-ß-fpsSPoh¬am-Xr-I-Iƒ ]pXp-X-e-ap-dbv°v ssIam-dm-\p≈ Ffnb ia-am-WnXv.

AI-∂p-\n∂v A]-K-Yn-t°≠ A°m-Z-anI hnjbw amX-ambn IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ncn-XsØ BIvSn-hn-k-Øn-\p≈ D]m-Zm-\-am°n am‰nbA¤pX hy‡n-Xz-amWv ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. Ncn-X-kvar-Xn-Isf h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øns‚ ]p\¿\n¿Δ-N-\-Øn-\p≈ Du¿÷-tkm-X- m°n am‰p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. hyXykvX P\-X-I-fpsS hn-kvarX Ncn-X-Øn-te°pw kwkvIm-c-Øn-te°pw shfn®w hoip∂ BtLm-j-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv CXv km[n-®-Xv. cmPy-tk-h-\hpw kap-Zmbtkh-\hpwkaw-tN¿∂Xmbn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hgn. PqX-∏≈nbpsS \m\qdmwhm¿jn-Im-tLm-jhpw tIcf Ckvem-anIv skan-\mdpw Hcp-t]mse ]k-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv B ]mc-kv]-cy-t_m[w sIm≠mWv. Hcp ImeØv skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ IuXp-I-tØmsS ]n¥p-S¿∂ ]n≥ap-d-°m-c≥ Pam¬ sIm®-ßmSn Xøm-dm-°nb eLp-Po-h-N-cn-X-am-Wn-Xv.

hnZym- ymk kmwkvIm-cn-I-cw-KØv Hcp Zim-_vZ-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p∂kwL-S-\-bmWv sKbvkv FPyp-t°-jW¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥. ]mc-º-cy-]-T-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Gs‰-SpØ ][m\ s]mP-IvSp-I-fn-sem-∂mWv"t\Xr-kvar -Xn - ' . Cu ]c-º-c -bnse aq∂masØ ]pkvX-I-amb"]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv' ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v klm-bn® dnbm-Znse\yq k^m a°m t]mfn-¢n-\n-°ns‚ amt\-P¿ P\m_v hn.-A-jvd^v kmln-_v sImf-Øq-cn\v \μn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. G‰hpw A\n-hm-cy-sa∂p Icp-Xp∂ Cu kwcw-`-tØmSv ae-bm-fo-hm-b-\-°m¿ A\p-Iq-e-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p.


P-am¬ sIm-®-ßm-Sn\m-e-c-∏-Xn-‰m-≠m-bn ]-X]-h¿-Ø-\, kmw-kv-Im-cn-I cw-K-ß-fn¬]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p. Xn-c-°-Y-I-fpw \m-S-I-ß-fp-sa-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.]-cn`m-j Dƒ-s∏-sS C-cp-]-Ø-©n-te-sd Ir-Xn-I-fp-sS c-N-bn-Xm-hv.C-t∏mƒ tX-P-kv ]-X-Øn-s‚ A-tkm-kn-tb-‰v F-Un-‰¿.e-mail: [email protected], Mob: 9020180904


D≈-S°w

_meyw ................................................................... 11

NcnX-Im-c≥ ........................................................ 21

]Xm-[n-]¿ ........................................................... 32

kwLm-S-I≥ ........................................................ 47

kap-Zmbkvt\ln............................................... 59

kplrØv .............................................................. 71

IpSpw-_-\m-Y≥ ................................................... 79

A¥yw ................................................................... 84

Fs‚ hgn-Im´n ................................................... 90

tIk-cn-bpsS IØv ........................................... 95


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t\Xr-kvar-Xn ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv


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Ah-Xm-cnI

]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kvamcI Ahm¿Uv 1999˛¬ kΩm\n°s∏-´Xvio. Pam¬ sIm®-ßm-Sn-°m-Wv. ""apkvenw kmaq-ln-I-Po-hnXw ae-bmft\mh-en¬'' F∂ Kth-jW][m-\-amb KŸ-amWv Pam-en\v Ahm¿Uvt\Sn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv. a‰p ]cn-K-W-\-sbm-∂p-ap-≠m-bncp∂n-√. F∂n´pw]kvXpX Ahm¿Uv G‰p-hm-ßp-tºmƒ At±lw hnIm-cm-[o-\-\mbn ImW-s∏-´p. ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zp-am-bp≈ sshIm-cnI_‘-amWv ImcWw.CS-dnb kzc-Ønte Pam-en\v B thZn-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°m≥ Ign-™p-≈q.ZpxJ-kva-c-W-Iƒ \ng¬]-c-Ønb B A¥-co-£-Øn¬ BÀmZw ]¶n-Sm≥ t]mepw Rßƒ Ai-‡-cm-bn.

BcmWv Rßƒ? ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv F∂ alm-a-\p-jy≥]I¿∂ kvt\l-Øns‚ a[p-chpw kpK-‘hpw Bkz-Zn-®-h¿, IqsS \S-∂-h¿. Aßs\ \S-°p-tºmƒ Hc-Sn-t]mepw ap≥t] IS-°msX RßsfH∏w \SØp-am-bn-cp-∂p At±lw. kmwkvIm-cnI tkh-\-k-c-Wn-bn-eqsSAt±-l-tØm-sSm-∏-ap≈ bmX 1975 Unkw-_¿ 19-\mWv Ah-km-\n-®-Xv.Unkw-_¿ 20- se At±-l-Øns‚ A¥y-bm-X-bn-emWv Rßƒ ]n∂mse\S-∂-Xv.

36 h¿j-ambn Hfn-a-ßmØ Hm¿Ω-I-fp-ambn Rßƒ Pohn-°p-∂p. Rß-fpsS kpJ-Ønepw ZpxJ-Ønepw At±lw ]¶m-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp aqØktlm-Z-cs\ t]mse. t]mc, Rß-fpsS kplrØpw hgn-Im- nbpw ntem-k-^-dp-am-bn-cp-∂p ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. GX≥knse sXcp-ho-Yn-I-fn-eqsS ]I¬k-a-bØpw IØn-®p-]n-Sn® dm¥-ep-ambn \S∂ Utbm-P-\o-kns\ t]mse a\p-jys\ At\z-jn®p Rßƒ°v \S-t°-≠n-h-∂n-√.Rßƒ a\p-jy-s\-bmWv sXm´p-cpΩn \S-∂-Xv.

Rß-fn¬ Cf-b-h-\mWv Pam¬ sIm®-ßm-Sn. AXp-sIm≠v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øn\p apXn¿∂ Rß-fpsS Ime-∏-g-°-an√ Pam-en-\v. F∂m¬ _‘-s∏´ Ime-a-Xbpw At±-l-hp-ambn \nXy-k-º¿°-ap-≠m-bXv Pam-en-\m-Wv. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ Pam¬ Fgp-Xnb skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ Ipdn-®p≈ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn\v ]m[m-\y-ta-sd-bp-≠v. CsXmcpkm[m-cW Poh-N-cnX]pkvX-I-a-√. Pam-en\v ]Xnhv _tbm-Um-‰-bn¬ HXp-ßp-∂-X√ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Poh-N-cn-Xw. A®-Sn-`m-j-bn-ep-a√ CXvcNn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv; lrZ-b-Øns‚ mj-bn-em-Wv. Cu ]pkvXIw sXmSp-tºmƒ Hcp a\p-jy-s\-bmWv sXmSp-∂-sX∂ kv]¿i-t_m[w \ap-°p-≠m-Ipw. Xm≥ sXm´-dn™ B a\p-jys\ KŸ-Im-c≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv t\m°pI:

"Xncn®v F¥p-In´pw F∂p-t\m°n kvt\ln-°p∂ ]tbm-P-\-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp-∂n√ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. \nkzm¿∞-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ kulr-


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Zw. Iq´p-Im¿°p-th≠n X\n°v Ign-bm-hp-∂-sX¥pw At±lw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-lsØ Hcp Imcy-Øn\p kao-]n-®n´v \ncm-i-cmbn aS-tß-≠n-h-∂-h¿ A]q¿Δ-am-bn-cn-°pw. kplr-Øp-°-fpsS c£m-k-t¶-X-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hoSpw Hmô-kpw. kplr-Øp-°-sf CX-amXw hne-a-Xn-°p∂, a‰p-≈-h-cpsS ap∂n¬ Ah-cpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-°p∂ thsdm-cm-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Iq´p-Im-cn¬ B¿s°-¶nepw HcpAhm¿tUm _lp-a-Xntbm e`n-®m¬ AXv X\n-°p≈ AwKo-Im-c-am-sW∂ań¬ At∏mƒ Xs∂ kzoI-cWw kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw.'

skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ CXymZn kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ Pam¬ sIm®-ßmSn Cu ]pkvX-I-Øm-fp-I-fn¬ Bbncw \mhp≈A\-¥-\mbn amdp-∂p. AX Xoh-amWv Cu ]pkvX-I-c-N-\-bnseBflm¿∞X. Ncn-X-K-th-j-I≥, ]X-]-h¿Ø-I≥, ]`m-j-I≥, kwLm-S-I≥, kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI¿Ømhv XpS-ßnb \ne-I-fn-se√mw sshhn-[y-am¿∂ I¿Ω-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ Cu IrXn-bn¬ hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. Hcp Xm]-k-s\-t∏mse Ncn-X-K-th-j-W-Øn¬ apgp-In-bn-cn-°p∂ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv i_vZm-b-am-\-amb s]mXp-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cn-Ibpw AhnsS kPo-h-km-∂n-≤y-am-hp-IbpwsNbvX-t∏mƒ aebmf Ncn-X-km-ln-Xy-Øn\v henb \jvS-ap-≠m-bn F∂Xvt\cv. F∂m¬ aq∂p Zim-_vZ-tØmfw tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnItaJ-esb ssNX-\y-h-Øm-°nb Du¿÷-tkm-X- mbn h¿Øn-°m≥ At±-l-Øns‚ I¿Ω-i‡n ka¿∏n-°-s∏- p. A\y-Po-h-∂p-XIn kzPo-hnXw [\y-am-°nb hnth-I-a-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv.

At±lw Imeq-∂nb I¿Ωcw-K-ß-fn¬ GX-h-k-c-Ønepw Im¬h-gp-Xn-t∏m-Im-hp∂ H∂mWv kmap-Zm-bn-I-cw-Kw. Pam¬ B taJ-e-bnse]h¿Ø-\-ßsf kq£va\nco-£Ww \S-Øn-bmWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.aX-˛-km-ap-Zm-bnIImcy-Øn¬ bmYm-ÿn-Xn-Itam Xoh-tam Bb Bi-b-ß-fpsS he-b-Øn-e-I-s∏-Sm-sX, atX-X-chpw tZio-b-hp-amb ImgvN-∏mSvF∂pw ]pe¿Øn-bncp∂ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kapZm-b-Øns‚ kmaq-lnIkmwkvIm-cnI]ptcm-K-Xn°v Bhn-jvI-cn® ]≤-Xn-Iƒ imkvXo-b-ambBkq-X-W-t_m-[-tØm-sS-bmWv. tIc-f-Øns‚ c≠mw \thm-∞m\ kwcw-`-ß-fpsS NcnXw Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ AXns‚ \mb-I-\n-c-bn¬ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.

skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ Ipdn®v IqSp-X¬ ]Tn-°m\pw Pam¬ sIm®-ßm-Sn-bpsS Cu ]pkXvIw ]tNm-Z-\-am-Ip-sa∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.

sIm®n-˛2 F≥.-sI.F.-e-Øo^v20.4.2011


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apJ-hpcapJ-hpcapJ-hpcapJ-hpcapJ-hpc

tIc-f-Ønse apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øn\v kvac-Wob kw`m-h-\-IƒA¿∏n® alZvhy‡n-I-fpsS Poh-N-cnXw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn bix-i-co-c-\mb ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_ns\ Ipdn®v Hcp]pkvXIw FgpXns°mSp-°-W-sa∂v ]km-[-I-¿ Bh-iy-s∏-´-t∏mƒ,hfsc tPmen-Øn-c-°p≈ ka-b-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw \ncm-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-™n-√.Ipd™ ka-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ ]pkvXIw Xøm-dm-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ ]gb kplr-Øp-°-fn¬ Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≈Xv GXm\pw t]¿ amX-am-Wv. kl-]m-Tn-bm-bn-cp∂ apl-ΩZv amÃ¿(sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿) kvt\ln-X-∑m-cmb taml≥Zmkv(a-´m-t©-cn), H.-]n.-tPm-k^v(B-ep-h) XpS-ßnbh-sc-sbms° I≠n´pw ]q¿Æ Xr]vXn-bm-bn-√. F¶nepw Ign-bp-∂X hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn skbvXpapl-ΩZv kmln_ns‚ PohnXw hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ ian-®n- p-≠v. F\n°v tPyjvTXpey\pw hgn-Im- n-bp-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp henb hy‡n-sb-°p-dn®v Hm¿°p-tºmƒ AXv kvXpXn-Ko-X-am-bn-t∏m-I-cp-sX∂pw\n¿∫‘ap≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B a\p-jy≥ Bcm-bn-cp∂p F∂v hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ mhn-X-e-ap-dbv°v Ign-bWw F∂p amXw. F∂n´pw Rm≥ hnIm-cm-[o-\-\m-bn- p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv a\p-tjymNnX-amsW∂v kam-[m-\n-°p-I.

tUm: kn.-sI.-I-co-ans‚ ]Xm-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kvac-Wn-Ibpw kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ]Xn∏pwCXns‚ cN-\bv°v klm-bn-®n-´p-≠v. tIcf lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚Fd-Wm-Ipfw alm-cm-Pmkv tImtfPv Imº-kn¬ Xe-bp-b¿Øn \n¬°p∂sI´n-Sw, At±-l-Øns‚ kvac-W-bv°mbn ka¿∏n-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. I¬h-Øn-bnse IΩyq-Wn‰n lmfn\pw \K-c-k` skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ t]cmWv\¬In-bn- p-≈-Xv. sIm®n-bnse ]Ya tab¿ F.-F.-sIm-®pÆn amÃ¿ ap≥I-sø-SpØv cq]o-I-cn® skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ut≠-j≥ h¿jw-tXmdpw A\p-kva-c-W-k-tΩ-f-\-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_ns‚ t]cn-ep≈ Ahm¿Up-Iƒ kΩm-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXph-cp∂p.sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ ÿehpw ]h¿Ø-I-cp-ap-≠m-bn´pw At±-l-Øns‚ t]cn-ep≈ Hcp kvamcIw Db¿∂p-h-∂n-´n-s√-∂Xv tJZ-I-c-am-Wv.

Cu sNdp-]p-kvX-I-Øn\v hnIm-c-\n¿`-c-amb Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xn-Ø-∂Xv Fs‚ as‰mcp tPyjvT≥ F∂p-Xs∂ ]dbmhp∂ F≥.sI.F.-e-Øo-^m-Wv. sI.-A-_q-_-°¿ amÃ-dpsS kvt\l-]q¿Æ-amb iey-s∏-Sp-Ø-en-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ CXn-X-thKw bmYm¿∞y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_ns\ kvt\ln-°p∂ F√m-h¿°p-ambn CXvka¿∏n-°p-∂p.

Pam¬ sIm®-ßmSn


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H∂v:

_meyw

I®-h-S-°m-c-\mb t]m\m-°pgn AΩp™n F∂ Al-Ω-Zp-Æn-bpsS aI≥ Fßs\ kmln-Xy-Im-c\pw Ncn-X-Im-c\pw hm‹nbpwkwLm-S-I-\p-sam-s°-bmbn?

IpSpw-_-Øn-em¿°pw CØcw "tcmK'ßsfm∂pw C√m-bn-cp∂p˛_ocp, lao-Zv, apl-Ω-Zv, Ip™n-_o-]m-Øp, Bbnjp F∂o ktlm-Z-ßfn-em¿°pw. Ah-sc√mw km[m-c-W-°m-cmbn Pohn®p acn®pt]mbn.F∂m¬ hcºsØ Ip™n-skbvXp˛ Aß-s\-bmWv skbvXpapl-Ω-Zns\ ho´n¬ hnfn®n-cp--∂Xv. F√m-Øn-s\bpw tNmZyw sNbvXpws]mXpImcy-ß-fn¬ CS-s]-´p-am-Wv -h-f¿∂-Xv.

1930 \hw-_¿ 27\v sImSp-ß-√q-cnse Bebnem-bn-cp∂p P\-\w.Ncn-X-apd-ßp∂ sImSpß√qcn¬ ]nd∂ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Ncn-X-Im-c-\mbn hf¿-∂-Xn¬ AXn-i-b-an-√. Ad-_n-I-fmb k©mcnIfpsS apkn-cn-kv, kwL-Ime Ihn-I-fpsS apNn-cn-]-´-Ww, PqX-∑m-cpsS kzwKn-en˛sIm®n°pw tImgn-t°m-Sn\pw apºv tIc-fsØ hntZ-i-cm-Py-ß-fpambnIq´ns°m-fp-Ønb Xpd-ap-J-\-K-cw. tdma≥ NI-h¿Øn-bpsS knwlm-k-\sØ Ae-¶-cn-°m-\p≈ tX°n≥X-Snbpw B\-s°mºpw abn¬∏o-en-bp-sa√mw sIm≠p-t]m-b-Xv ChnsS-\n-∂m-Wv. \ΩpsS kpK-‘-Z-hy-ß-fpsS t]cpIƒ ]pcm-X\ Ko°v tdma≥ KŸ-ß-fn¬ t]mep-ap-≠-sX. sskdkv NI-h¿ØnbpsS ]oU\w `b∂v blqZ¿ A`bw]m]n® kznwKven ]´Ww sImSp-ß-√q-cm-W∂v Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p. tXmam-«olm F∂ skbv‚ v tXmakv ChnsS h∂n-d-ßn-b-Xmbn


12


hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p -- B hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]mam-Wn-IX tNmZyw sNø-s∏-´n-´p-s≠-¶nepw. s]cn-bm-dn-eqsS kz¿Æ-hp-ambn apkvcn-kn¬ h∂pIpcp-ap-f-Ip-ambn aS-ßn-t∏m-b-Xmbn ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-Sp∂ bh-\¿, ]hm-N-I∂p apºv C¥y-bn-se-Ønb Ad-_n-I-fm-sW∂v tdm_¿´vIm¿Uvsh¬ A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. bh-\-cmWp ]n¬°m-e-Øv "tPm\-I-'cm-bXv. amen-°v C_v\p Zo\m¿ hcp-∂Xpw Ckvemw aXw ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw ]n∂o-Sm-Wv.

Ct∏mƒ ]pcm-hkvXp hIp-∏ns‚ kwc-£-W-bn-ep≈ tNcam≥a≥knepw tNc-am≥ ]dºpw \ne\n¬°p∂ sImSp-ß√qcn¬ \n∂vIpd®p Ing-t°m v amdn-bn- m-bn-cn-°Ww ]mNo\Xpd-ap-J-amb apkvcnkvD≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v ASpØ ImeØp \S∂ DXvJ-\-\-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tUm. kn. sI Ico-ans\t∏mep-≈-h¿ ]d-™n-´p-≠v.`qK¿`K-th-j-W-Øn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-Ip-t∂-S-tØm-fw, tNc-am≥ ]d-ºn∂p F.Un. 10˛11 \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-tesd ]g-°-an-√-sX.

aq∂v skan-‰n°v aX-ßƒ°pw BZy-Im-eØp Xs∂ BXnYy-a-cp-fnb sImSp-ß-√p¿, ssP\-tcbpw _p≤-tcbpw kh¿Æ lnμp-°ƒ Iq -s°m-e-sNbvXp "sImSpw-sIm-e-bq-cm'-sW∂v Iogm-f-]£w Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Ad-_n-°-S-en¬, Ic-bp-b¿∂v C∂sØ ]›n-a-sIm-®n- cq]w sIm≈p-∂-Xn∂p ap≥]v kp]-[m\ hmWnPy tIμ-am-bn-cp∂p sImSp-ß-√q¿ Xpd-ap-J-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°pw A`n-]m-b-hyXym-k-an-√. Ip-™n-°p-´≥ Xºp-cm-s‚bpw sImSp-ß-√q¿ `c-Wn-bp-sSbpw \mSv. B[p-\nIImeØv apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿dlvam≥ kmln-_n-s\bpw sI.Fw.koXn kmln-_n-s\bpw t]mep≈ t\Xm°ƒ°v P∑w\¬In-bXv sImSp-ß-√q-cm-Wv. ]n.sI._me-Ir-jvW≥, ]n. sI tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥, tUm. kn.sI.Icow, tUm.-F≥.F Icow, tUm.-hn.FskbvXp apl-Ω-Zv, tUm.A_vZp¬K- q¿ XpSßn kmaqlnI, kwkvIm-cnIcwKßsf [\y-am-°nb t\Xm-°fpsSbpw Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-sSbpw Hcphenb ]c-º-c-Xs∂ sImSp-ß-√q-cn\pw FS-h-\-°m-Sn-\p-sams° Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-\p-≠v. ]tXy-In®v tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw kapZmbØn¬\thm-∞m\ kwcw`Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬Inb ]tZiw IqSn-bm-W-Xv.k\m-D√m a‡n-X-ß-fp-sSbpw a‰pw -]p-tcm-K-a-\m-i-b-ßƒ Dƒs°m≠v1922- ¬ ]gb sIm®n kwÿm-\Øv cq]w-sIm≠ tIcf apkvenw sFIy-kw-L-amWv ]n∂oSv tIcf \Zv-h-Øp¬ apPm-ln-Zo∂p hgn-amdns°mSp-ØXv. Hcp hymg-h-´-°m-esØ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-∂n-S°v sFIy-kwLw]e hnZym-e-b-ßfpw ÿm]n-®p. Bep-h-bn¬ Hcp apkvenw tImtfPvÿm]n-°m≥ ian-s®-¶nepw k^-e-am-bn-√. ]n∂oSv tImgn-t°mSv^mdqJv tImtfPv Db¿∂ph∂-t∏mƒ sFIy-kw-L--Øns‚ kzØp-°ƒ


13


AXn∂v kw`m-h-\ -\¬Ip-I-bmWv sNbvXXv.

sImSp-ß-√q¿ im¥n]pcØp≈ kmln-_ns‚ ]≈n-bn-em-bn-cp∂pskbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ aX-]-T-\w. Cu ]≈n-sb-°p-dn®v ]e sFXn-ly-ßfpw ]pcm-hr-Ø-ß-fp-ap-≠v.-

Z¿kv]-T\wc≠p \q‰m≠v apºm-Wv. sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚ kao] ]tZ-i-amb

D≈m-ºp-g-bn¬ Hcp apkvenw kvXobpw aI\pw Xma-kn-®n-cp-∂p. A∂-hnsS A[nIw apkven-wI-fn-√. BVy-∑m-cmb \mb-∑m-cm-tW-sd-bpw.Aß-s\-bn-cns° FhnsS \nt∂m Bflo-b-ssN-X-\y-ap≈ Hcp kq^n-h-cy≥ h∂p. Bfp-Iƒ At±-lsØ "kmln_p∏m∏' F∂p hnfn®p.DΩ-bpsS aI≥ At±-l-Øns‚ injy-\m-bn. kmln-_n-t\m-sSm∏w BZw-ae ImWm≥ t]mb B sNdp-∏-°m-c≥ GtXm A]-I-S-Øn¬s]´vacn-®p. ZpxJnX-bmb kvXosb kmln_p∏m∏ Biz-kn-∏n-®p."" acn-®p-t]mb tam\p ]Icw Rm\p≠v. C\n Rm\mWv \nßfpsS aI≥.''

B DΩ-tbm-sSm-∏-amWv ]n∂oSv kmln-_p-∏m∏ Xma-kn-®-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ Idm-a-Øp-Isf Ipdn-®p≈ A¤p-X-I-Y-Iƒ ]N-cn-®p. GXpamdm-tcm-Khpw At±lw NnIn-’n-®m¬ amdp-sa-∂m-bn. kq^n-h-cys‚NnIn-’-sIm≠v Xºp-cm-´n-bpsS amc-I-tcmKw t`Z-s∏-´p. kw]o-X-\mbXºp-cm≥ ]Xn- -e-ambn F¥p -th-W-sa∂v tNmZn-®p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v]m¿∞n-°p-∂-Xn∂p Hcp Bcm-[-\m-ebw \n¿Ωn-°-Ww. AXn\p≈ÿew In´n-bm¬ Xc-t°-Sn-√˛ kmln-_p-∏m∏ ]d-™p. Xºp-cm≥\¬Inb \mev]tØgv G°¿ ÿeØv ]≈nbpb¿∂p. ]≈n-tbmSvtN¿∂v At±-l-Øns‚ J_¿ÿm\p-ap-≠v.

kmln-_p-∏m-∏-bpsS J_¿ÿm≥ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ amX-a-√, hS-°≥ ]-d-hq-cnse XØw-]-≈n-bn-ep-ap-≠sX. Hcmƒ°v c≠v J_tdm?CsX-ßs\ kw`-hn°pw?˛ tNmZyw \ymbw. ]s£ sFXn-ly-ßƒ°v]e-t∏mgpw bp‡n-bpsS ]n≥_-e-ap-≠m-I-W-sa-∂n-√-t√m.

kmln-_p-∏m∏ acn-®-t∏mƒ FhnsS kwkvI-cn-°-W-sa∂p X¿°-am-bn. At∂cw aøØv Fgpt∂‰n-cp∂p ]d-™sX: Fs∂ c≠n-SØpwAS-°-Ww.

Aß-s\-bmWv XØw]≈n-bnepw Pmd-ap-b¿∂-Xv. Ac- \q-‰m≠phsc AhnsS Nμ-\-°p-Shpw \S-∂n-cp-∂p.

kmln-_ns‚ ]≈n-bnse Z¿kn-emWv Ip™n-skbvXp aX-]-T-\-Øn∂p t]mb-Xv. ]-ikvX aX-]-fin-X-\mb a°p-ap-kven-bm-cpsSktlm-Z -c -∑m -cmWv DkvXm-Zp -am¿˛ Ip™mdp apkven -bmcpw


14


A_vZpapkven-bm-cpw. A_vZp apkven-bm-cpsS in£ Ipń-Iƒ°v kln-°m-hp ∂-Xn-e-∏p-d-am-bn-cp-∂p. ITn-\-amb Nqc¬]tbm-Kw. AXv kln-°m-\mhmsX Ip™n-skbvXp ]≈namfn-I-bn¬ \n∂v NmSm≥t]mepwian-®p. amX-a-√, A¿∞-a-dn-bmsX Jp¿B≥ kq‡-ßƒ Dcp-hn´v ]Tn-°p∂ A∂sØ aX-hn-Zym- ymk coXn-tbmSv s]mcp-Ø-s∏´p t]mIm≥,sN-dp-∏-ØnteXs∂ Dev]-Xn-jvWp-hmb Ip™n-skbvXphn∂p Ign-™n-√. hnizm-k-KŸw amXr-`m-j-bn¬ ]Tn-°-W-sa∂v A∂p Xs∂At±lw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F¥m-bmepw A_vZp apkven-bm-cpsSNqc¬]tbm-K-tØmsS Ip™n-skbvXp, ]≈n-Z¿kn-t\mSv kemwsNm√n ]ncn™p.

tImX-∏-dºv Be lb¿ Fe-sa‚dn kv°qfn-em-bn-cp∂pskbvXns‚ ]mY-anI hnZym-`ym-kw. ]n∂oSv Ba-≠q¿ Pn. F¬. ]n.sslkvIq-fn¬ tN¿∂p. UnkvSnIvSv hnZym- ymk t_m¿Uns‚ Iogn¬-B-bncp∂p A∂v kvIqƒ ]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. A∂p-Xs∂ \s√mcphmb-\-°m-c-\mbncp∂p skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv. ]pd-Øpw-Imhv io\m-cm-b-W-]pcw hnemkw sse_-dn-bn¬ \n∂mWv ]pkvX-I-ß-sf-Sp-°p-I."]ptcm-KXn' F∂ t]cn-semcp Isø-gpØp amkn-Ibpw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. BgvN-tXmdpap≈ en‰-ddn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ tbmK-ß-fm-bn-cp∂pskbvXp-hns‚ ]kwK ]cn-io-e\°f-cn. ]kw-Kn-°pI amX-a-√, \mS-I-ß-sf-gpXn A`n-\-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. \mSIIrØpw \S\pw kwhn-[m-b-I-\p-sa√mw Ip™n-skbvXp Xs∂.

kl-]m-Tn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hmb-\m-ioew hf¿Øm≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ A∂v Ime-Wm-tjm-SXn \S-Ønb kw`hwkXo¿∞y\m-bn-cp∂ ]n.F.apl-ΩZv amÃ¿ Hm¿an°p∂p. tjmS-Xn-bn¬\dp°p hoWm¬ ]pkvX-I-ß-fmWv kΩm-\w. sh¬U≥ hn¬°n-bpsS"GI-tem-Iw', ]fin‰v s\lvdp-hns‚ "C¥ysb Is≠-Ø¬' XpS-ßnb¢mkn°¬ IrXn-Iƒ.

hnZym¿∞n tIm¨K- ns‚ ]h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp∂ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv 1942˛se Izn‰n¥ym ka-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-tºmƒ ]¥≠p hb-t -bp-≈q. ASpØ h¿jw sF. F≥. F. (kp`mjv Nμt_mkns‚C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ B¿an)bpsS ]W-∏n-cn-hn∂p th≠n skbvXp-hns‚t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Hcp GIm¶ \mSIw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p.- \qdp IW°n\vcq] ]ncn-™p-In-ń. 1948-˛¬ C¥y≥ kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ BZyhm¿jnIZn\-Øn¬ kvIqƒ hf-∏n¬ tZio-b-]-XmI Db¿Øp-∂-Xn∂pwskbvXp t\-XrXzw \¬In. sIm®n-cmPyw C¥y≥ bqWn-b\n¬ ebn-®n-ń-√mØ B ImeØv AXv henb H®-∏m-S-p≠m°n.


15


hoń¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-Ip-∂pkzmX-¥y-k-a-cw t]mep≈ P\-Iob apt∂-‰-ß-tfmSv ]pdw-Xn-

cn™p \n∂ Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ skbvXpap-lΩZns‚ CS-s]-S-ep-IƒCjvS-t°-Sp-I-fp-≠m-°n. I®hS-°m-c-\mb _m∏ ]d™p : ""kacwsNøm-\mWv \o kvIqfn¬ t]mIp-∂sX¶n¬ C\n Cu hoń¬ Imep-Ip-Øn-t∏mIcp-Xv.''

AXpsIms≠m∂pw skbvXv Xs‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]n¥n-cn-™n-√. Nßm-Xn-bmb tImt´-°m´v ]c-ta-iz-c≥ AUn-I-fpsS IqsSAº-e-Øn¬ t]mbn InS-°pw. Aº-e-°p-f-Øn¬ Ipfn°pw. ]S-t®mdpXn∂v ]in-b-S-°pw. Iq´p-Im-c-\mb tPmk- ns‚ hońepw skbvXvHcp IpSpw-_mw-KsØ t]mse-bm-Wv. tPmk-^ns‚ AΩ hnf-ºnbtNmdns‚ kzmZns\ Ipdn®v ]n¬°m-eØv At±lw Ab-hn-d-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AUn-Ifpw tPmk^pambn-cp∂p A∂sØ ][m\ NßmXn-am¿. hnhn[ aXhn`m-K-ß-fn¬ s]´-h-tcmSpw hyXykvX kwkvIm-c-ß-tfmSpw CgpInt®cp-hm≥ _mey-Im-eØv Xs∂, Cu A\p- -h-ßƒ ]cn-io-e\w \¬In. A∂p cpNn® DÆn-b-∏Øns‚ kzmZv Hcn-°epw ad-∂n-√t±lw.

h¿j-ßƒ°p tijw Xs‚ Ncn-X-t\z-jWbmX-bv°nsS B‘-bn-¬ sh®v skbvXp apl-ΩZv Xs‚ Hcp ]gb kXo¿∞ys\ I≠p-ap-ń. kvIqƒ hn´ tijw kw`-h-ßƒ \nd™ c≠p Zim-_vZ-ßƒ ]n∂n-ń-cn-°p-∂p.-th-j-Ønepw icoc]Ir-Xn-bnepw Ccp-h¿°pw am‰w kw`-hn-®n- p-≠v. Im°n thj-[m-cn-bmb Iq´p-Im-c-\n-t∏mƒ ]´m-f-°m-c-\mWv.]t£, thKw Xncn-®-dn™p. skbvXp apl-ΩZv Xs∂ B cwKw hnh-cn-®n-´p≠v: ""hnIm-c-ßfpw hnNm-c-ßfpw Benw-K\w sNbvX \nan-j-ßƒ''.

""Xm¶ƒ Fßs\ Cu cwK-sØØn?'' kpl-rØns‚ AZv`pXw\nd™ tNmZyw. efn-X-amb DØ-chpw At±lw kzbw Xs∂I≠p]nSn®p: ""A∂v Xm¶ƒ [mcmfw hmbn-®n-cp∂pht√m.''

""aW-∏p-dsØ G‰hpw henb sse_-dn-bmb io\mcm-b-W-]pcwhmb-\-im-e-bnse KŸ-ß-fpsS GSp-I-fn¬ Cu hn\o-Xs‚ H∏pImWpw. C∂v Rm≥ tJZn-°p-∂p, hmbn-°p∂ ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS t]Pp-Iƒ kzbw H∏p sh®v tami-am-°n-b-Xn¬.''

tZiob kacw, Iem- kw-kvIm-cnI Xam-i-Iƒ, ]gb A[ym-]-I¿˛ Aßs\ \qdp \qdp Imcyßƒ Ah¿ Ab-hn-d-°n. ""A°m-eØvhmbn-°m≥ H∂pw C√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Fs∂ kw_‘n-®n-S-tØmfwRm≥ H∂p-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√''˛ skbvXp apl-ΩZv ]d-™p. A∂sØ


16


A[ym-]-I-cpsS in£mhn[n-Iƒ F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw kulrZ]q¿ÆambKpcpinjy _‘w BÀmZ]Z -am -bn -cp -∂p. ]ne v°m -eØvbp.]n.kvIqfmbn amdnb Be-bnse A∂sØ Fe-sa‚dn kvIqfn¬]Tn∏n-®n-cp∂ hymI-c-Wtam Imhy]m-T-ßtfm ]n∂oSv ae-bmfw A[ym-]-I\m-Im≥ Bthiw ]q≠v ]co£bv°v ]Tn®t∏msgm∂pw ]gb\ne-hm-c-Øn¬ ]Tn-°m≥ km[n-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂t±lw Hm¿Ωn-®p.

Xs∂ ]Tn-∏n® Ip™n‰n amÃ¿, io[-c≥ amÃ¿, Ipamc≥ amÃ¿XpS-ßnb A[ym-]ItijvT-∑msc ]n∂oSv ImWp-tºmsg√mw skbvXpapl-ΩZv _lp-am-\hpw IS-∏mSpw sIm≠v Xe Ip-\n-°m-dp≠mbn-cp-∂p. ""GXp If-cn-bn¬ sN∂mepw FX Db¿® e`n®mepw A[ym-]ItcmSv ]pe¿tØ≠Xmb al-Ømb acymZ Ft∏mƒ hnkva-cn-°-p-∂p-thm, At∏mƒ henbsXt¥m \jvS-s∏Sp∂psh∂v [cn-°Ww.''AtX teJ\Øn¬ At±lw XpS¿s∂-gp-Xp-∂p.

cmPm-hn¬ \n∂v kΩm\wshdpw ]¥≠p hb- p≈t∏mƒ Xs∂ skbvXpapl-ΩZv teJ-

\-ß-sf-gpXnØpS-ßn. 1946˛¬ Xriq¿ sFIy-tI-cf alm-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ D]-\ym-k-Øn∂pw ]kw-K-Øn-\p-ap≈ kΩm-\-ßƒ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-∂m-bn-cp∂p. sI.]n tIi-h-ta-t\m≥, C°-≠-hm-cn-b¿, sI.FZmtam-Zc tat\m≥ F∂n-hcmbn-cp∂p hn[n-I¿Øm-°ƒ. sIm®n-cm-Pm-hn¬ \n∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kΩm\w G‰p hmßnbXv A∂v henbhm¿Ø-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F√m ]X-ß-fnepw AXv A®-Sn®p h∂p. Aßs\"tImX-]-dºv ]n F skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv', tIc-f-Øn-epS\ofw Adnb-s∏-´p XpS-ßn.

Xriq-cn¬ \n∂v Fw IrjvWs‚ ]Xm-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp∂ "FIvkv] v' ]X-Øns‚ sImSp-ß-√q¿ teJ-I-\m-b-tXmsS]X-]-h¿Ø\cwKØpw ]th-in-®p. ]n¬°m-eØv ]ikvX Km\-c-N -bn -Xmhpw kwhn -[m -b -I -\p -am -b - nØo¿∂ ]n `mkvI-c\pwsNdpIYmIrØp-°-fmb sI.F P∫mdpw ]n.]n Ckvam-bn-ep-sams°bmbn-cp∂p kmlnXykplr-Øp-°ƒ. BbnsS sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬kwL-Sn-∏n® "aqey-ßƒ imiz-X-amtWm?' F∂ hnj-bsØ °pdn®p≈kwhmZ-Øn¬, ]n.tIihtZhn-t\m-sSm∏w skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv sNbvX]kw-Kw, AXns‚ Zm¿i-\nIam\w sIm≠v it≤-b-ambn. A∂-t±lwbuh-\-Øn-te°v Imeq-∂p-∂-tX-bp-≈q.

]kw-Kn°pI amX-a√ kmaq-lnIcwKØv CS-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp,-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. sImSp-ß-√q-cnse kº-∂ -hy-‡nIƒ ]mh-ß-tfmSvImWn-°p∂ Iqc-X-Iƒs°Xnsc km[p-kw-c-£W kanXnsb∂


17


kwLS\ cq]o-I-cn®psIm≠mWv At±lw ]Xn-I-cn-®-Xv. ]n.sI Zmtam-Z-c≥ ]kn-U≠pw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv D]-tZjvSmhpambn-cp-∂p. B sNdp-]m-b-Øn¬ Xs∂ Hcp kwLS\-bpsS D]-tZ-jvSm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°s∏´Xv At±-l-Øns‚ ]Iz-X°pw t\XrXz tijn°pw sXfn-hm-Wv. P∑n-am-cpsS Iqc-X-bvs°-Xnsc km[p-kw-c-£-W-kwLw eLp-te-J-I-f-®-Sn-®n-d-°n. Al-Ω-ZpÆn F∂ t]meo-kp-tZym-K-ÿs‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ kwL-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ASn-®-a¿Øm≥ ian-®p. AXn-s∂-Xn-cmbpw, eLp-teJ ]kn-≤o-I-cn®p:""k¿°nƒ C≥kvs]-IvS¿Kp≠m-Ø-e-ht\m?''

BZy-]p-kvXIwskbvXp-ap-l-ΩZns‚ BZy]pkvX-I-amb "slap-I-em\n' ]kn-

≤o-I-cn-®Xv hnZym¿∞n tIm¨K- m-Wv. Izn‰n¥ym ka-c-Øn¬ [oc-a-cWw h-cn® Hcp tZim- n-am-\n-bpsS Poh-N-cn-Xw. hnZym¿∞n tIm¨K- ns‚ ]h¿Ø-I-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ kvIqfp-I-fnepw tImtf-Pp-I-fnepw]`m-j-W-ß-fp-ambn Ducp -Np-‰p-tºmƒ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ tIm∏n-Iƒ tXmƒk-©n -bn -ep -≠mIpw. AØcw Ah-k-c -ß-fn¬]pkvXIhnev]-\bpw \S°pw. AXn¬ \n∂p≈ hcp-am\w hnZym¿∞ntIm¨K- n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. CØ-c-samcp kμ¿`-Øn¬ bp.kn. tImf-Pn¬ h∂-t∏mgmWv Xm≥ skbvXp apl-ΩZpambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp∂sX∂v]nev°m-eØv Bflkp-lrØmbnØo¿∂ H.]n.tPmk v ]d™n´p≠v:

""1947 HSp-hn-em-sW∂p tXm∂p∂p. Xncp-hnXmwIqdn\v A∂pkzmX¥yw In´nbn-cp-∂n-√. k¿ kn.]n.cma-kzman Aø¿ `cn-°p∂Imew. tImtf-Pp-I-fn-epw sslkvIq-fp-I-fnepw hnZym¿∞n ]t£m`wsImSp-ºn-cn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ B \mfp-I-fn-semcp Znhkw tImtf-Pn¬\n∂v aSßp∂ hgn AcpWm kvIzb-dn¬ bmZr-—n-I-ambn Rms\-Øns∏´p. AhnsS B¬ØdbpsS apI-fn¬ Iri-Km-X-\mb Hcp sIm®pa\p -jy≥ Bthi]q¿Δw \n∂p ]kw-Kn -°p -∂p.Db¿Øn∏nSn®ncn°p∂ CSXp Iøn¬ Hcp eLp-te-Jbp≠v. CS-bv°n-S°v "slapIem\n' F∂p ]dbp∂Xp tIƒ°mw Rm≥ ASpØvsN∂pt\m°n. Fs‚ kvt\ln-X≥ ]n.F. skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv! Ab¬kwÿm-\-amb sIm®n cmPy-Ønse sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \n∂v Xncp-hnXmwIqdnse hnZym¿∞nka-c -Øn -∂v B°w h¿≤n -∏n°ms\Ønbncn°-bm-Wv. C¥y≥ hnZym¿∞n ]ÿm-\-ØnseAhnkva-cWob\mb "slapIem\n'sb°pdn®v Xms\-gpXnb eLp-te-JbpsS tIm∏n-I-fpap≠v IqsS. "slapIem\n'bpsS hmMvab NnXwAkm-[m-c-Wamb i‡n-tbm-SpIqSn AcpWm kvIzb-dnse A¥-co£Øn¬ hc® tijw ""hnZym¿∞n-I-tf, t]mcn -\pt]mcq''


18


F∂mlzm\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v B sIm®pa\p-jy≥ Xs‚ ]kwKwAh-km-\n-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Rm≥ ASp-ØvsN∂p. B sIm®p a\p-jy≥At∏mgpw hnd-°p-I-bm-Wv.- Np-‰p-]-mSpw \n∂n-cp∂ t]meokpImsc I≠n-´√; Xm≥ DW¿Øn-hn´ Bth-i-Øns‚ Xnc-X-√-en¬ AI-s∏´pt]mbXvsIm≠v.''

Ccp-]Xmw hb- n¬ _nójv Kh¨sa‚ v Xq°n-s°m∂ slap-I-em-\n-bpsS Pohn-X-IY Bth-i-P-\-I-am-Wv. Ct∏mƒ ]m°n-ÿm-\n-epƒs∏-Sp∂ ]gb kndkv ]hn-iy-bn¬ Hcp tIm¨Sm-IvS-dpsS aI-\mbn P\n® slap-I-em\nbpsS bYm¿∞ \maw cmln dlvam≥ F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. 1942se Izn‰n¥ym ]t£m-`-Øn¬ At±lw ]s¶-Sp-Øp.kl\ka-c-ßƒ sIm≠v kzmX¥yw e`n-°n-s√-∂-t±lw hniz-kn-®p._nójv cmPns‚ Bbp-[-ß-fp-ambn hcp∂ Xoh-≠n, dbn¬]m-f-Ønsejn‰v tπ‰p-Iƒ Cf°n adn-®n-Sm≥ ian® Ip‰-Øn\v At±lw AdÃvsNø-s∏-´p. h[-in-£bv°v hn[n-°-s∏´ slap-I-em-\n°v am∏v \¬Inhn´-b-°-W-sa∂v kn‘p-P-\X A`y¿∞n-®p. am∏-t]£ Fgp-Xn-s°m-SpØv Pbn¬ tamNn-X-\m-I-W-sa∂v kz¥w amXmhv ]d-™n-´p-t]mepwB [ocm-flmhv A\p-k-cn-®n-√. sImSnb a¿±-\-ß-tf-‰n´pw kl-]-h¿Ø-Isc H‰n-s°m-Sp-°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-√. 1943 P\p-hcn 21\v slap-I-em\nsbXq°n-s°m-√p-tºmƒ shdpw 20 hb- v. ""kzmX¥yw Pbn-°s´'' F∂apZm-hmIyw apg-°n-bmWv At±lw hoc-a-cWw hcn-®-Xv.

U¬ln, t_mws_, C≥tUm¿, tPmZv]q¿, APvao¿ XpS-ßnb ]e\K-c-ß-fnepw iloZv slap-I-em-\n-bpsS kvamc-I-ßfpw ]Xn-a-I-fp-ap-≠v.

kwkvIr-Xm-[ym-]-I≥C.-F-kv.-F-kv.F¬.kn. ]mkm-b-Xn∂p tijw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv

Ipt\-gØv ]c-ta-iz-c-]n-≈-bpsS Iogn¬ kwkvIrXw ]Tn-®v kmlnXyhnim-cZv ]m mbn. hnZym-`ym-km-\-¥cw Aev]-Imew `mjm-[ym-]-I-\mbn tPmenbpw sNbvXp. Hcp apkvenw _me≥ kwkvIrXw ]Tn®v]m m-hp-I-sb-∂Xv Akw-`-hy-ambn Icp-X-s∏-´- Im-e-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.AXp-sIm-≠m-hWw k¿ń-^n-°-‰n¬ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv F∂-Xn∂p]Icw "tkXp-am-[-h≥' Fs∂-gp-Xm-\n-S-bm-b-Xv.

hnim-e-amb tZiobt_m[-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv, tZiobapkvenw-I-fpsS kwL-S-\bmb C¥y≥ apkvenw aPven-kn-s‚bpw]h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. hn -P\hmZØn¬ \n∂v, hn`m-Ko-b-X-bn¬ \n∂vkap-Zm-bsØ ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥ apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿dlvam≥ kmln-_n-s‚bpw C. sambvXp aue-hn-bp-sSbpw t\XrXzØn¬ cq]w-sIm≠tZiob apkvenwIfpsS kwL-S-\-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.


19


tIcfw I≠n-´p-≈-Xn¬ G‰hpw alm-∑m-cmb cmjvSob t\-Xm-°-fnsemcm-fmb apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿dlvams\ Ipdn®v skbvXpapl-ΩZv]n¬°m-eØv Bth-tim-÷z-e-ambn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v:

""hmƒ -bsd t]mse [oc\pw _¿°n-s\ -t]mse kmwkv°m-cn-I ]-Xm-]-hm-\p-amb apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿dlvam≥ kmln_v \S-∂p-t]mb Imsem-®-Iƒ F∂pw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°m-thiw \¬Ipw.'' (kw-kv°m-c-ku-c- w)

1945-˛¬ apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿dlvam≥ kmln_v Pbn¬hntam-Nn-X-\mbn ]pd-Øp-h-∂-Xn∂p tijw \S-Øn-b- tI-cf]cy-S-\-Øn∂v sImSp-ß-√q-cnse aXn-eIw _m¶v- ssa-Xm-\n-bnepw D÷zeamb Hcp kzoI-cWw kwL-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. kzmX¥yka-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xns\Hcp hn`mKw apkvenw-Iƒ FXn¿Øncp-∂- Imew. kmln-_ns‚ ASpØpXs∂ kpap-J-\mb B ]ø-\n-cp-∂n-cp-∂p. kz¥w ho´p-Im¿ t]mepwFXn¿Øn- pw tZio-b-t_m[w ]k-cn-∏n-°p∂ hn[w i‡-ambn ]kw-Kn® B ]øs‚ [oc-Xbpw tZim-`n-am-\hpw kZ- ns\ Bth-i-`-cn-X-am-°n. ho´p-Imsc `b∂v ]e- bp-hm°fpw ka-c-cw-KØp \n∂vAI∂p\n∂ Ime-am-WXv. hnZym¿∞n tIm¨K- ns‚ ]h¿Ø-I-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS t\m´-∏p-≈n-bm-bn-cp∂p, skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. At±-lØns‚ BZy ]pkvX-I-amb "slap-I-em\n' H´pw Xma-kn-bmsX \ntcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]n¬°m-eØv kPohcmjvSnbw hn´p-sh-¶nepw B\p-Im-enIcmjvSob-Øn¬ At±-l-Øn-∂v hy‡-amb \ne-]mSpI-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. C¥y≥ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´ntbmSv At±lØn∂v AX B`n-ap-Jy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Izn‰n¥ym ka-c-tØm-Sp≈ \ne-]mSv Xs∂bmbn-cp-∂p AXn-∂p -Im-cWw. kzmX¥yka-csØ IΩyq-WnÃpIm¿h©n®p F∂-t±lw Icp-Xn. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n-tb-°mƒ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn∂v ASp∏w sI.-F-kv.]n tbmSmbncp∂p. AXn∂v ImcWwAXns‚ kmc-Yn-bmb aØmbn am™q-cm-\p-ambp≈ Bfl-_‘wXs∂.

F∂m¬ Hcp cmjvSobt\Xm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ bYm¿∞ amXr-I-bmbn At±lw I≠Xv apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿d-lvam≥ kmln-_n-s\-bm-Wv . cmPy -kvt\ -lhpw kap -Zmb]h¿Ø-\hpw Hcp -a n®psIm≠pt]mIp∂ kmln-_ns‚ coXn-bn¬ At±lw AX-amXw BIr-jvS-\m-bn-cp∂p. tZio-b-X-e-Øn¬ Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp-hm-bn-cp∂pskbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Bcm-[-\m-]-mXw. s\lvdp-hns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬\n∂p≈ D≤cWnIƒ At±-l-Øns‚ ]kw-K-ß-fn¬ DS-\ofwtIƒ°m-am-bn-cp-∂p.


20


tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW- ]n≈bpam-bp≈ _‘-amWv skbvXpapl-Ω-Zn¬ NcnX Kth-jWXmev]cyw DW¿Øn-bXpw hf¿Øn-b-Xpw. kml-nXy ssh-⁄m-\nIcwK-ß-fn¬ Hcp Zo]kvXw`w t]mse]pXnb Xe-ap-dbv°v shfn-®hpw i‡nbpw ]I¿∂ _me-IrjvW ]n≈]d-hq-cnse amS-h\ ]d-ºn-embncp∂p A∂v Xmakw. \yq\-]£ kap-Zm-b-ß-tfmSv ]tXyI A\p-`mhw Xs∂-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p, tIk-cn°v.


21


c≠v:

NcnX-Im-c≥

Poh¬kmln-Xy-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬, tIc-f-Øns‚ _u≤nIafi-e-Øn¬ Pzen®p \n∂ kqcy-\m-bn-cp∂p tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-∏n≈.-bmYm-ÿn-XnI kmln-Xy-[m-c-W-Isf sh√p-hn-fn-°m≥ ss[cy-ap≈A∂sØ bph-km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿°v apgp-h≥ At±lw am¿§-kvXw-`-ambn. _jo-dpw XI-gnbpw tZhpw Nß-ºp-gbpsa√mw At±-l-Øn¬\n∂v Du¿÷w kzoI-cn-®mWv hf¿∂-Xv. Fw.-F≥ hnP-b≥ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xpt]mse tIk-cn-bpsS Ime-L- -Øn-emWv A\p- -h-Øns‚ ]pXn-sbmcp h≥Ic kmln-Xy-Øn¬ cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ^©v, djy≥kmlnXysØ ae-bm-fn°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXpw At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]X-]-h¿Ø-I\pw \ncq-]-I-\p-sa∂Xn¬ Ihn™v hen-sbmcp Ncn-X-]-fin-X\pw Kth-j-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂p tIk-cn. Iev]-K-WnX hymJym-\-Øn-eqsS Ncn-X-Øns‚ Bflo-b-amb NmIn-Im-h¿Ø\w F∂kn≤m¥w Ah-X-cn-∏n® At±lw CXn-lmk]pcm-W-ßsf Ncn-Xm-t\z-jW kt¶-X-ßfp]tbm-Kn®v \ho\coXn-bn¬ hmbn-°p-hm≥ ian-®p. Imcy-Im-cW irwJ-e-bn-eqsS Ncn-Xm-Xo-X-Ime kwkvIm-c-Øn-te-°p≈ ]mX- hsc sXfn-bn-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v At±lw A`n-]mb-s∏- p. Xs‚ Kth-j-W-]-_-‘ßƒ Cw•o-jn-em-sW-gp-X-s∏- n-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv kvt^mS-\m-flI e-ß-fp-≠m-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Xs‚ac-W-tijw Xoh-Nn¥mhnπhw D≠m-°p-sa∂pw Bflm¿∞-ambpwkpZr-V-ambpw At±lw hn-iz-kn-®n-cp-∂p.


22


sIm®n-bn¬ ]X-]-h¿Ø\ Pohn-X-am-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xn∂p apºp≈Ime-Øm-h-Ww, tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW]n≈bpambn ASp-Øn-S-]-g-Im≥skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn∂p kμ¿`w e`n-®-Xv. ]e-hn[ tcmK-ß-fmepw Ah-i-\mb tIkcn hS-°≥ ]d-hq-cn-te°v Xmakw amdn-bn´v Gsd Ime-am-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Ncn-X-Xm-ev]-cysØ sXfn-bn-s®-Sp-°p-∂Xv At±-l-am-Wv. B apkvenw bphm-hns‚ At\z-jWIuXp-IsØ hm’-ey-tØm-sS- I≠-Xn∂p Imc-Ww kmwkvIm-cnIcwKsØ kh¿Æ-ta-[m-hn-Xz-tØm-Sp≈ \ockam-hWw. 1949˛¬ skbvZvap-l-Ω-Zn-s∂-gp-Xnb IØn¬ tI-kcn Fgp-Xnb hm°p-Iƒ CXv hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v:

""tIc-fob klr-Zb temIØv (C-h¿ qcn-]£hpw kh¿Æ lnμp-°fpw a[y-h-b-kvI-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p) Ipam-c-\m-im-s\-t∏m-setbm sISm-aw-K-e-sØ-t∏m-setbm Ah¿Æ-\mb Hcp kmln-Xy-Im-c\v alm-I-hn-bm-Imt\m _jo-dn-s\-t∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp apkven-an\v almkm-ln-Xy-Im-c-\m-Imt\m Nß-ºp-g-sb-t∏m-ep≈ sNdp-∏-°m-c\v alm-I-hn-bm-Imt\m ap≠-t»-cn-sb-t∏m-ep≈ InkvXym-\n°v Hcp \√ \ncq-]-I-\m-Imt\m Ah-Im-i-an-s√∂ t_m[w AXnse AwK-ß-fpsS D]-t_m-[-a-\- n¬ Hfn-®p-In-S-°p-∂Xv kq£va\nco-£-I-∑m¿°v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Cu tæ—≥am-tcbpw Xo≠¬ PmXn-°m-tcbpw sNdp∏°m-tcbpwRm≥ alm-I-hn-I-fm-°n-bXv Chn-SpsØ kh¿Æ klr-ZbtemI-Øn\pw P-∑\m AXn¬s]ń-´p≈ \ΩpsS ]e Iayp-WnÃv kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿°pw ckn--®n-ń-√.''

alm-]-fin-X-\mb _me-Ir-jvW]n-≈-bp-am-bp-≠mb \nXm¥kº¿°-amWv skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn¬ Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂ NcnXKth-j-Is\ Xń-bp-W¿ØnbXv. tIk-cn-bpsS Acpainjy-\mbn ]cn-W-an-°p-∂Xv Aß-s\-bm-Wv. km[m-cWKXn-bn¬ ]WvVnX-∑m¿°p-t]mepwZp¿K-l-am-bn-cp∂ tIk-cn-bpsS kn≤m-¥-ßfpw Kth-jWê-ßfpwGsd-°qsd £am-]q¿Δw a\- n-em-°n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\p km[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Du¿÷-kz-e-amb ssien]©mw-Khpw e·hpw t\m°n Ncn-X-sa-gp-Xn-bn-cp∂ A≥]Xp-I-

fn¬, hkvXp-\n-jvThpw imkvXo-b-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ Ncn-Xm-t\z-j-W-Øn\v Bcw`w Ipdn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. F©p-hSnt]mep≈ ]c-º-cm-K-X-amb ssien-bn¬ \n∂v hyXykvX-am-bn-cp∂p,At±-l-Øns‚ Du¿÷z-kz-e-amb ssien. tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvImcnINcn-X-Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂ ]n.-sI.-tKm-]m-e-Ir-jvW≥ AXns\ Xmc-X-ay-s∏-


23


Sp-Øp-∂Xv hb-em¿ cma-h¿Ω-bpsS Imhy-ssi-en-tbm-Sm-Wv:

""Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ aq∂mw ]mZ-Øn¬ ae-bm-f- m-jsb A\p-K-ln® c≠v ZnhytImIn-e-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p, hb-emdpw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zpw. Hcmƒ Imhy-Km-\-ßƒ IqP\w sNbvXp. at‰-bmƒ \nc-hZy kpμ-c-amb KZy-ssi-enbn¬ Be-]n-®p. c≠p i_vZ-ßfpw Htc ImeØv\ne®p F∂Xv A¿∞-h-Ømbn tXm∂p-∂p. (A-h-Xm-cn-I-˛-kw-kvIm-c-ku-c-`w)

skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZns‚ ]kwKw t]mse- Xs∂ at\m-l-c-am-bn-cp∂pAt±-l-Øns‚ cN-\m-ssi-en-bpw. km[m-c-W-°m-cmb hmb-\-°mscNcn-X- q-an-I-bn-te-°m-I¿jn-°m≥ AXv Imc-W-am-bn. ASp-Øq¨ ]‰nb]finX-∑m¿°p≈ Hcp hm¿≤-Iy-Ime hnt\mZw F∂ \ne-bn¬ \n∂vXs∂-t∏m-ep≈ -bp-hm-°sf Ncn-X-c-N-\-bn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cm≥ ]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-Øo¿∂sX∂v ]ikvX Ncn-X-Im-c≥ tUm.-kn.-sI.-I-cow- Xp-d∂v ]d-™n-´p-≠v. Aº-Xp-I-fn¬ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Ncn-X-te-J-\-an-√msX HmWw, hm¿jnI ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-sfm∂pw ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-√. AX-amXw P\-Io-b-amb Ncn-X-[m-c-W-bp-W¿Øm≥ At±-l-Øns‚ teJ-\-ßƒ°v Ign-™p.

][m\ IrXn-Iƒ1952- ¬ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ "Ncn-X-tI-cfw' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn\v

B h¿jsØ G‰hpw anI® Ir-Xn-°p≈ aZmkv Kh¨sa‚ns‚Ahm¿Uv e`n-®p. AXv At±-l-Øn\p e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ KqV-i-ahpw\S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Aº-Xp-IfpsS BZy-Øn¬ aZmkv Kh¨sa≠ns‚]pc-kvIm-c-ßƒ°p≈ KŸ-ßƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°m≥ ka-kvX -tI-cfkmlnXy]cn-j-Øn-s\-bmWv G¬∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. "Ncn-X-tI-cfw'Dƒs∏sS c≠p aq∂v IrXn-Itf As°m√w ]cn-K-W-\bv°v e`n-®n-´p≈p F∂-Xn-\m¬ ASpØ h¿jw Ahm¿Uv sImSp-Øm¬ aXn-sb∂vHcp hn`mKw hmZn-®p. F∂m¬ Sn.-Fw.-Np-Ωm-dn-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ AXns\FXn¿°p-Ibpw Ab®pIn´nb ]pkvX-I-ßƒ tUm.-]n.-sP.-tXm-akv XpS-ßnb NcnX]fin-X-∑m-cpsS aqey-\n¿Æ-b-Øn\v Ab-bv°p-IbpwsNbvXp. Ah-cpsS am¿°p-I-fmWv A∂v Ccp-]-Øn-c≠p hb p amX-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ k¿°m¿ _lp-a-Xn°v A¿l-\m-°n-b-Xv.

sla-pI-em\n, tIcf NcnX ho£-Ww, Ncn-X-tI-c-fw, tIcfw\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv, k©m-cn-Iƒ I≠ tIc-fw, apKƒkm-am-Py-Øn-eqsS Hcp bmX, BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ, Ncn-X-Ønse inem-Ip-kp-a-ßƒ,Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-c-hpw, Ncn-X-samcp IÆm-Sn, tIc-f-N-cnXNn¥-Iƒ,


24


auem\m apl-Ω-Z-en, tIc-f-Ønse hntZ-i-a-X-ßƒ, NcnXk©mcw,kwkvImckuc-`w, tIcf apkvenw NcnXw F∂n-h-bmWv At±-l-Øns‚ a‰p KŸ-ßƒ.

Ncn-X-ho-£-WwF¥mWv NcnXw? ˛ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\v kz¥-

amb ho£W-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. NcnXho£-Ww (-tI-cfw \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv) NcnXw Hcp IÆm-Sn (-AtX t]cn-ep≈ ]pkvX-Iw) XpS-ßnb teJ-\-ß-fn¬ hn`n-∂-amb NcnXk¶¬∏-ßfpw ho£-W-ßfpwBI¿j-I-ambn At±lw hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. `mjm-im-kvX-]-c-ambamIvkv ap≈-dp-tSbpw aXmflI--amb Ac-hn-μ-tLm-jn-s‚bpw tPymXn-im-kvX-]-c-amb amIvkv ap≈-dp-sSbpw tUm.-iym-a-im-kvXn-bp-sSbpw,`qK¿`imkvX-]-c-amb ]c-a-in-h-ø-cp-sS-bpw, \c-hw-i-im-kvX-]-c-ambt^k-dp-sS-bpw, Iev]Ime-K-Wn-X-im-kvX-]-c-amb tIk-cn-bp-sSbpwhyXykvX Ncn-Xm-Jym\ kº-Zm-b-ßsf At±lw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p:

""]gb tZio-b-Xz-Øns-‚bpw AXns‚ D]-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fp-sS-bpw,AXm-bXv Hmtcm tZi-Øn-s‚bpw kwkvImcw F√m-Ønepw Db¿∂-Xm-sW∂ kzbw\n›-bhpw Xßƒ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv IS-∏m-Sn-√m-Ø-h-cpwt\sc-a-dn®v a‰p-≈-h¿ kz¥w kwkvIm-c-tØmSv IS-∏m-Sp-≈-h-cm-sW∂pwiTn-°p∂ k¶p-NnXXzw NcnX]T-\sØ ]mIr-Xm-h-ÿ-bn¬ \n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu kvXw`-\-Øn\p am‰w hc-W-sa-¶n¬ kam-Z-c-Wo-b-amb \njv]£a\xÿnXnbpw k¿Δ-temIZrjvSn-]q¿Δap≈ Xmc-Xay]T-\hpw D≠mtb Xocq'' (tI-cfw \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv t]Pv 14)

NcnXw Hcp IÆm-Sn-bn¬ Ncn-XsØ kw_-‘n®v ]K-¤-cmbNn¥-I-cpsS \n¿h-N-\-ßfpw hymJym-\-ßfpw kar-≤-ambn D≤-cn-°p-∂p. as‰m-cn-SØv ]d-bp∂p: ""`qan-bpsS qim-kvX-]-c-amb am‰-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v kap-ZmbLS-\-I-fn¬ am‰-ßƒ Zriy-am-bn. CW-ßmØ ]Ir-Xnsb sacp°n hncp-≤-i-‡n-I-fpsS A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb kacwhf¿Øn hf¿®sb Is≠-Øp-I-bmWv BZy-Ime a\p-jy≥ sNbvX-Xv. AXn-\-h¿°v `qan-bpsS kz`m-h-am-‰-ßfpw Ncn-X-Øns‚ KXnbpwklm-b-I-a-am-bn.'' (N-cnXw Hcp IÆm-Sn- ˛ t]Pv 13)

]nSn-In- mØ BZn-ImeNcn-X-amWv BZy-ambn Kth-jWw \SØnIs≠-tØ≠sX∂pw AXn-√mØ NcnXw ASn-Ø-d-bn-√msX ]Wn-bp∂ sI´nSw t]mse-bm-sW∂pw ]d-bp∂ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv BZn-hmkn ]T-\-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw Du∂n-∏-d-™p-sIm≠v "BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ'F∂ Hcp KŸw Xs∂ cNn®n-´p-≠v.

C¥y-bnse \mam-h-ti-j-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]mNo\ \c-h¿§-


25


ßsf kw_-‘n®v At\z-j-W-Øn-te¿s∏- -t∏mgmWv Ah-cpsS BNmc-hn-ti-j-ß-sf-°p-dn®v X\n°v t]cW e`n-®-sX∂v AXns‚ Bap-J-Øn¬ At±lw hy‡-am-°n-bn- p-≠v. Ncn-Xm-t\z-j-W-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp∂B¿°pw \c-hwiimkvX-]-T\w Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm\mhm-Ø-Xm-sW∂vAt±lw Icp-Xn:

""\c-hw-i-imkvX ]T-\-Øn¬ Xmev]-cy-ap-≈-h¿°v IuXp-I-ap-f-hm-°p∂ h¿§-ßfpw D]-Pm-Xn-Ifpw Ccp≠ \q‰m-≠nse BNm-c-ßfpambn C∂pw \ΩpsS C¥y-bn¬ A[n-h-kn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ah-cpsSCcp≠ at\m-Kpl-I-fn¬ ]pXnb kmaqly]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ shfn®w]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Ime-tØmfw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ hnIm-c-]-c-amb sFIytam hnNm-c-]-c-amb D¬°¿j-tam -D-≠m-Ip-sa∂v Bin-°m≥ \n¿Δm-l-an-√. `qcn-]£, ]nt∂m° kap-Zm-b-ßƒ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ tXSn ap∂-Wn-bn-se-Øn-bmepw ]ns∂bpw ]n∂-Wn-bn¬ InS-°p∂P\-e-£-ßsf C¥y-bn¬ ImWmw.'' (BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ-˛ t]Pv 20)

sXep¶v \m´nse eºm-Sn-Iƒ, B‘-bnse ame¿, IrjvW˛tKmZm-hcn Xoc-ß-fnse s_m-¥p-°ƒ, ]mIrX sXep¶v kwkm-cn-°p∂tb\m-Zn-Iƒ, sX°≥ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse ad-h¿, B‘-bpsS]¿ΔX]tZ-i-ß-fn-ep≈ ]m¿Pm-cn-Iƒ, \c-_en]nb-cm-bn-cp∂ tImbn-am¿, tIc-f-Ønse BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b- \c-h¿§ P\-XIfpsShnNn-X-amb BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ Cu sNdnb KŸ-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Xangv\m´nepw I¿Æm-SI ]tZ-i-ß-fnepw ae-b-Sn-hm-c-ß-fn¬ A[n-h-kn-°p∂, tIc-f-hp-ambn henb _‘-an-√mØ, ae-bmfwkwkm-cn-°p∂ "ae-bm-fn-Isf' Ipdn®v Hc[ymbw Xs∂-bp-≠v CXn¬.CXn\p ]pdsa \mK-∑m-scbpw Im°m-e-∑m-scbpw ]mW-∑m-scbpw a‰pwIp-dn-®p≈ ]e teJ-\-ßfpw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ hnhn[ teJ\kam-lm-c-ß-fn-embn NnX-dn-°n-S-∏p-≠v.

tIc-f-N-cnX \nco-£-W-ßƒ""imkvXobho£-W-Øns‚ sImSp-¶m-‰n¬ sXdn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-

XmWv h¿Æ-∏-In-t´-Inb tIcfNcn-X-Øns‚ IS-em- vtIm´'' F∂vAt±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. tIc-f-Øns‚ AXn-]p-cm-X\N-cnXw c≠vsFXn-ly-I-Y-I-fn-emWv \ndw aqSn-°n-S-°p-∂-Xv.˛ ]c-ip-cm-a-I-Ybpw alm-_-en-°-Y-bpw. tIc-tfm-ev]Øn XpS-ßnb Ncn-X-K-Ÿ-ßƒ ]d-bp∂]c-ip-cm-a-I-Y-sb-°p-dn®v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Fgp-Xp-∂p:

""bYm¿∞-Øn¬ _m“-W -Ip-Sn-tb-dn-∏m¿∏v F.Un \memw \q‰m-≠n\p tij-am-Wv. B ImesØ t\Xm-hmb ]c-ip-cm-a≥ ]ucm-WnItIc-f-Øns‚ P\-bn-Xm-hm-Ip-hm≥ hgn-bn-√. hf-sc-tbsd ]mI-∏n-g-Ifpw


26


hntcm[m`m-k-ßfpw \nd™ B Ccp-f-S™ IY-I-tf-°mƒ a‰p-Nn-e-X-dn-bWw'' (ap-Kƒkm-am-Py-Øn-eqsS ˛ t]Pv 92)

cmam-bWalm-`m-c-tX-Xn-lm-k-ß-fnepw Imfn-ZmkIrXn-I-fn-ep-sams° tIcf ]cm-a¿i-ß-fp-s≠-¶nepw Iev]n-X-I-Y-I-fp-ambn IqSn-°p-g-™p-In-S-°p∂ Ah-bn¬ \n∂v imkvXo-b-amb Ncn-X-kXywth¿Xn-cn-s®-Sp-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂v "tIc-f-Øns‚ `qan-imkvXw' F∂teJ-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. (AtX ]pkvX-Iw) CXn-lm-k-ß-fp-sSbpw ]mNo-\-]p-cm-hr-Ø-ß-fp-sSbpw Imew Ign-™m¬ sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`w -h-scbpw t\m´-sa-Øm-ØX Hcp henb Hcp hnS-hv -\-ΩpsS Ncn-X-Øn¬ At±lw Is≠-Øp-∂p. InkvXp-hn\v aqhm-bncw h¿jw apºp-Xs∂ Bcw-`n® tIc-f-Øns‚ hntZ-i-_-‘-ß-sf-°p-dn®v πn\n-bpsS\m®p-d¬ lnÃ-dn-bnepw tSmf-an-bpsS tPmK-^n-bnepw am¿t°m-t]m-tfm, C_v\p _ØqX XpS-ßnb k©m-cn-I-fp-sS Ipdn-∏p-I-fnepw\n∂mWv sXfn-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. hntZ-i-hym-]m-c-Øn-eq-sSbpwhntZiaX-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw IS-∂p-h∂ kwkvIm-c-ßƒ, tIc-f-N-cn-X-Ønepw kmaqlyPo-hn-X-Ønepw henb kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

C_v\p _Øq-Xbpw \yqtlm^pw hJq^v Be-anbpw \S-ØnbtIc-f-Ønse bmX-Iƒ k©m-cn-Iƒ I≠ tIc-f-Øn¬ skbvXpap-l-ΩZv hnhcn-°p-∂p. k©m-cn-Iƒ HmW-m-tLm-j-sØ-°p-dn-s®-gp-XnbIpdn-∏p-I-fn-eqsS KŸ-Im-c≥ IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. PqtX-Xn-lm-k-ß-fnsetIc-fhpw e£-Zzo-]p-I-fpsS Ncn-Xhpw ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ Cu ]pkvX-I-Ønse as‰mcp ][m\ teJ\w Xplv^-Øp¬ apPm-ln-Zns‚ Ime-am-Wv.

Aø-∏\pw hmhcpwtIc-f-Ønse G‰hpw henb Xo¿∞m-S\tIμ-amb i_-cn-a-e-

bpsS NcnXbmYm¿∞yw Is≠Øp-hm≥ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv \S-Øp∂iaw "Aø-∏\pw hmhcpw' F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬ ImWmw. io i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS Ime-L- -tØmSp IqSn _p≤-aX]Xm]w Ah-km-\n-®-t∏mƒ]c-tZin _m“-W-∑m-cm¬ Xpc-Ø-s∏´ ]≈n-_m-W≥ F∂ _p≤-aX-cm-Pmhv ]¥-f-tØ°v ]em-b\w sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ C¥ybnseØn-bn-cn-°p∂ Zem-bvem-a-sb-t∏mse ]¥-fØv A`bw ]m]n® At±-lsØ _mh F∂ apkvenw ]amWn klm-bn-®n- p-≠m-hWw F∂mWvskbvXp-ap-l-ΩZns‚ \nK-a-\w. id^v C_v\p-am-en-°ns‚bpw amen°v_v\p Zn\m-dn‚-bpw hwi-]-c-º-c-bn¬ s]´ ]ecpw Ckvemw aX-]-N-c-Wm¿∞w tIc-f-Øns‚ ]e mK-ß-fn-te°pw \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.AXn¬s∏´ aX-]-Nm-c-I-\m-bn-cn°mw hmhcv kzman F∂pw At±lw


27


XpS¿∂p ]d-bp-∂p. _p≤-a-X- -‡-cmb A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS Bcm-[y-]p-cp-j-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lm-[n-Iyw-sIm≠v kzIm-cy-t£-X-ß-fp-≠m°n ]Xn-jvTn-®-Xm-sW∂pw CXmWv i_-cn-ae Aø-∏-s\-°p-dn-®p≈sFXn-ly-ambn ]cn-W-an-®-sX-∂p-amWv At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-]m-bw.

tIc-f-Øn¬ _p≤-aXw kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv IqSp-Xepw ]n-t∂m°kap-Zm-b-°m-cm-sW∂pw _m“-W¿ Ahsc _u≤sc∂v ]p—-c-k-Øn¬ hnfn-®n-cp-s∂-∂pw _u≤aXw £bn-®-t∏mƒ \mSp-hm-gn-I-fpsSA\p-a-Xn-tbmsS _u≤-t£-X-ß-fpsS ASn-Ø-d-bn¬ ssIkvX-h,apkvenw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ßƒ Db¿∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-hWw Ah -"]-≈n-Iƒ'F∂v hnfn-°-s∏- -sX∂pw as‰mcp teJ-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. (kw-kvImckuc`w˛t]-Pv 39)

tIcf apkvenw NcnXw"Xplv^-Xp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥' BWv tIcf Ncn-X-sØ Ipdn-

s®gpXs∏´ BZysØ ]mam-WnIKŸ-sa∂v Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p. \o≠aq∂v ]Xn‰m≠p ImesØ ia-^-e-ambn kzcq-]n® tcJ-Iƒ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv aX-]-fin-X≥ IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂ ssi-Jv ssk-\p-±o≥(A-d-_n-`m-j-bn¬) AsX-gp-Xn-b-Xv.

AXn-\p-tijw tIcf apkvenw-Isf°pdn®v Gsd-°psd ka-K-ambncNn-°-s∏´ Ncn-X-KŸw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ tIcf apkvenw NcnXwXs∂-bm-Wv. tIcf apkvenw Ub-d-IvS-dn-bn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® NcnX`m-K-Øns‚ Hcp kw£n]vX cq]w amX-am-Wn-Xv. IqSp-X¬ ka-K-am-bn-´p-≈Xv Ub-d-IvS-dn-bnse Ncn-X- mKw Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]mNo\ tIc-f-Ønse`qan-im-kvX-sØ-bpw cmPm-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ Bcw-`-sØbpw ZmhnUhntZi-_-‘-ß-sfbpw hntZ-i-a-Xß-fpsS BK-a-\sØbpw A∂v \ne-hn-en-cp∂ PmXn-hy-hÿ-sbbpw kmam-\y-ambn ]cm-a¿in-®p-sIm-≠mWvtIc-f-Ønse Ckvemw aXm-cw-`-sØbpw B[p-\n-I-Imew hsc-bp≈apkvenw- N-cnX ]cn-Wm-a-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v At±lw ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv. 1921˛se ae-_m¿Ie-m]-hp-ambn _-‘-s∏´ NcnX]kn-≤-amb hn[n-bpsS ]q¿Æ-cq-]hpw Ub-d-IvS-dn-bn-ep-≠v. tIc-f -apkvenw Ncn-X-Ønseit≤-b-amb, skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Nne \nco-£-W-ß-fn-eqsS H∂pIS-∂p-t]m-hp-I- am-X-am-Wn-hn-sS:

tNc-am≥ s]cp-am-fpw i¶-cm-Nm-cycpwtIc-f-N-cn-X-Ønse hnhmZhnj-b-am-bn-cp∂ tNc-am≥ s]cp-am-

fns\Ipdn®v Jfin-X-am-bn-Øs∂ At±lw hnh-cn-°p-∂p. tNc-am≥s]cp-amƒ Ckvemw- aXw kzoI-cn-®n-s√∂pw Atd_ybn¬ t]mbn-s√∂pw GI-]-£o-b-ambn hmZn-°p∂ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ Bi-


28


b-°p-g-∏-ap-≈-Xmbpw tNc-ams‚ Ime-ti-j-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ h∂-sX-∂p-≈ hmZw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-amsW∂pam-W-t±lwsXfn-hp-I-fp≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v ka¿∞n-°p-∂-Xv. CkvemwaXktμiwkzoI-cn-®v, ]hm-N-Is‚ AXn-Yn-bmbn 17 Znhkw Atd-_y-bn¬ sNe-h-gn® tNcam≥ s]cp-am-fns‚ Zm\-ioew Ahn-SpsØ ]`p-°ƒ°v amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂ Aen A¬_m-cn-bpsS ]kvXmhw D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠n-hn-sS. H≥]Xmw \q‰m-≠n¬ _mKvZm-Zn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ ]ikvXNcn-X-Im-c\mWv Ct±-lw.

tIc-f-N-cn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-K-Ÿ-sa∂v Icp-X-s∏- n-cp∂ tIc-tfm-Xv]-Øn s]cp-am-fn‚ Atd-_y≥ bmXsb icn-sh-bv°p-∂-XmbnskbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Nq≠n-°m- p-∂p. XpS¿∂v, ]hm-N-Is‚ ImeØv Xs∂tNc-am≥ s]cp-amƒ a°-bn-te°v t]mbn-´p-s≠∂v Ad-°¬ kzcq-]-Ønse KŸ-hcn D≤-cn®v hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Z£n-tW-¥y≥ Ncn-X-Im-c-\mb sI.-F-kv.-Ir-jvW-ø¿, cnlv-e-Xp¬ aqeq-Iv, Xplv^-Xp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥ F∂o Ad_v KŸ-ßƒ, hntZi k©m-cn-I-fpsS tcJ-IƒCh-sb√mw kar-≤-ambn D≤-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv skbvXp-ap-lΩZv Xs‚hmZ-ßƒ ka¿∞n-°p-∂-Xv.

]hm-N-IImeØv CkvemwaX ZuXy-hp-ambn tIc-f-Øn-se-ØnbamenIv_v\p Zo\mdpw aI≥ amenIv_v\p l_o_pw ]≈n-I-tfm-sSm∏wtImf-\n-Ifpw \K-c-ßfpw D≠m-°n-b-Xmbn XpS¿∂-t±lw ]d-bp-∂p.io i¶-c≥ P\n®p hf¿∂ Ime-Øp-≠mb CkvemwaX apt∂-‰-Øns‚^e-am-bn-´m-Wv At±-l-Øns‚ AssZzX-kn-≤m-¥-Øn¬, C…m-anseGI-ssZh hnizmkw kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-b-sX∂pw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\v A`n-]m-b-ap-≠v. ""Hcp ]cm-i-‡n-bn¬ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-®p-sIm≠vPohnXw \bn-°m≥ D]-tZiw \¬Ip∂ AssZzXkn≤m¥w Ckvem-anI]am-W-ß-fp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.'' (tI-cf apkvenw Ub-d-IvSdn˛t]Pv 131) F∂m¬ i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cp-ambn _‘-s∏´ IY-I-sf√mw kzoI-cn-°m-\m-hn-s√∂pw At±lw hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.

-a-c-°m¿amcpw Sn∏p-kp¬Øm\pwt]m¿®p-Kokv BI-a-WsØ t\cn-Sm≥ Xp¿°n-bp-sSbpw CuPn-

]vXn-s‚bpw ssk\y-ßƒ kmaq-Xn-cnsb klm-bn-®-Xmbn Hcn-SØvskbvXpapl-ΩZv hy‡-am-°p-∂p-. kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS hniz-kvX-cmb ac-°m¿am-cpsS \mhn-Ikml-k-ß-sf Ipdn®v -hnkvX-cn-®p-Xs∂ ]Xn]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v. "ae-_m-dns‚ am\w Im°m≥ Xe-ap-d-Iƒ Xs∂ bp≤-°-f-Øn¬ Ign-®p-Iq-´nb c‡-km-£n-I-fpsS ssk\nIIpSpw_wF∂mWt±lw ac-°m¿ hwisØ hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-cpsS hwi-


29


N-cnXw hni-Z-am-bn-Øs∂ Cu KŸ-Øn-ep-≠v. tIc-f-Øn¬ lnμp-˛-apkvenw sFIysØ XI¿Ø t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cmWv C¥y-bn¬ n∂n-∏ns‚ hnØv ]mIn-b-sX∂pw kmaq-Xn-cntb-bpw ac-°m¿am-tcbpw XΩn¬AI-‰n-b-sX∂pw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ip™m-ensbkzX-¥-\mbn hnS-W-sa∂pw \ncp-]m-[nIw F√m XS-hp-Im-tcbpw tamNn-∏n-°-W-sa∂pw kmaq-Xncn Bh-iy-s∏-´p. ]t£ -t]m¿®p-Ko-kpIm¿arKo-b-amb Zfi\-ßƒ G¬∏n-®-tijw Ip™m-ensb h[n-®p.

tIc-f-Ønse kvXoIƒ \·X ad-bv°-W-sa∂pw _lp- ¿XrXzwt]mep≈ A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ Dt]-£n-°-W-sa∂pw BK-ln® ]ptcm-K-a\ B-i-b-ap≈ ]cn-jvI¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂p -Sn-∏p-kp¬Øm-s\∂vskbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. Sn∏p-hns‚ al-Ømb ]Jym-]-\-ßƒ h¿§o-b-hnjw Ie¿∂-Xm-sW∂pw Ckvem-an-te°v \n¿_-‘n®vBsf tN¿°m≥ kp¬Øm≥ tkz—m-[n-Im-cn-bmbn ]pd-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ i‡n-bmbn ]N-c-W-ßƒ \S-Øn. ""\n¿_-‘n®v aXw am‰m≥ ian-®-h¿s°√mw Xm°oXpw ITn\ in£-I-fp-amWv kp¬-Øm≥ \¬In-b-Xv.'' (t]Pv 284) XpS¿®-bmb bp≤-Im-em-¥-co-£-Øn∂v ]Icw kam-[m-\-]q¿Δ-amb Hcp kml-N-cy-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ tIc-f-Øns‚ mhn Xs∂ am‰n Fgp-Xm≥ Sn∏p-hn\v km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ ]Xym-i.

AXp-t]m-se-Øs∂ hntZ-i-i-‡n-Iƒs°-Xn-cmb t]mcm-´-Øn¬]g»n cmPm-hn\v kz¥w Poh≥ _en-b¿∏n-®mWv ae-_m¿ am∏n-f-am¿tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®-sX∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. kønZv -k¬ Xßsf\mSpIS-Øn-b-Xn¬ ]Xn-tj-[n®v ka-c-Øn-s\m-cp-ßnb am∏n-f-amsc ASn-®-a¿Øm≥ \S-∏m-°nb 1852-˛se _ójv BIvSv sXs° ae-_m-dn¬\o≠-Im-e-b-f-hn¬ Akzm-ÿy-ßƒ°v \nan-Ø-am-bn. am∏n-f-I¿j-I-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ \odn-∏n-Sn-®p-\n∂ Akw-Xr]vXn 1857-˛¬ Iel-Øns‚cq]w-sIm-≠p. Cu Akzm-ÿy-ßƒ hf¿∂mWv 1921 se el-f-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xv. Jnem-^Øv ]ÿm-\hpw AXn\p Imc-W-am-bn-´p-≠m-hmw.F∂m¬ Ahsb h¿§o-b-ambn NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSv skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv tbmPn-°p-∂n-√.

""Kh¨sa‚ v DtZym-K-ÿ-∑mcpw kn¬_-‘n-Ifpw Jnem-^-Øn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®v \S∂ ae-_m¿kacw Hcp lnμpapkvenw Iem-]-ambnNnXo-I-cn-°m≥ F√m Ah-k-c-Ønepw \mhpw t]\bpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. cmPysØ H´msI _m[n-°p∂ B]¬L- -ß-fn¬ NneaXwam‰-ßfpw a¿±-\-ßfpw D≠m-bn-ń-s√∂p ]d-bm≥ hnj-a-am-Wv.tIhew km£-cXzan√m-Ø-h¿ ka-c-Øns‚ -[m¿Ωn-I-XzsØ hnkva-


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cn-®p, Kh¨sa‚ns‚ BI-aWw Ak-l-\o-b-ambnØo¿∂-t∏mƒ hgn-]n-g®v ]eXpw sNbvXn- p-≠m-Imw. Kh¨sa‚ v \S-Ønb Iqc-amb BI-a-W-ßƒ \ymbo-I-cn-°m\mWv Jnem-^Øv ka-csØ Hcp am∏nfel-f-bmbn H‰-s∏-SpØn \n¿Øn-b-Xv.''(t]Pv 327)

ae-_m¿ Iem-]-ß-fn¬ Ben- ap-kv-en-bm-cp-sSbpw hmcnbw Ip∂ØvIp™-ΩZvlmPn-bp-sSbpw ]¶pw el-f-°msc im¥-cm-°m≥ aplΩZvA_vZp¿dlvam≥ \S-Ønb ia-ßfpw Iem-]-Øn-\p-tijw apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-≠mb A[x]X-\-hp-sa√mw hniZ-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v. shfn-bw-tImSv Da¿Jmkn-bp-sSbpw h°w aue-hn-bp-sSbpwapkvenw sF-Iy-kwLØns‚bpsams° t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S∂ \thm-∞m\ kwcw-`-ßfpw hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

]n¬°m-eØv tUm.-kn.-sI.-I-co-ans‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® _rl-Ømb tIcf apkvenw Ub-d-IvS-dn, skbvXpap-l-ΩZvkmln_v XpS-ßnb DZya-Øns‚ XpS¿®bpw hnI-kn-X-cq-]-hp-am-Wv.

B[p\nIImeØv Ncn-Xm-t\z-jW coXn-Ifnepw AXns‚ D]m-Zm-\-ß-fn-eqsams° hf-sc-b-[nIw ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. At\-I-e£w h¿jw apºv Pohn-®n-cp∂ a\p-jy-cpsS Un F≥ F Is≠-Øm≥t]mepw B[p-\nI kmt¶-XnIhnZy C∂v ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. CsXm∂pw k¶-ev]n-°m≥ t]mepw Ign-bmØ Hcp Ime-ØmWvskbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ NcnXcN\ \S-Øn-b-Xv. AXns‚A]-cym-]vX-Xbpw Ipd-hp-Ifpw Ah-cpsS cN-\-I-fnepw It≠-°mw.F∂m¬, iq\y-X-bn¬ \n∂m-W-h¿ Ncn-X-Øns‚ Aÿn-J-WvU-ßƒs]dp-°n-sb-Sp-Ø-sX-t∂m¿°-Ww.

]n¬°m-eØv kwL-S-\m-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ apgp-k-abw hym]r-X-\m-b-t∏mƒ kmln-Xy-c-N-\-Iƒ°v skbvXpap-l-Ω-Zn\v ka-b-an-√m-Xm-bn. ]n∂oSv \S-∂Xv Hcp Xc-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ lntÃm-dn-°¬BIv‰nhn-k-am-Wv. hyXykvX P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS hnkvar-X-amb Ncn-X-Øn-te°pw kwkvIm-c-ß-fn-te°pw shfn®w hoip∂ BtLm-j-ß-fn-eqsS P\-ß-fpsS Ncn-X-t_m-[sØ hnI-kz-c-am-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂pAt±-lw; -k-ap-Zm-bnI sFIy-Øns‚ Hcp cPXirwJ-ebv°v cq]w\¬Ip-I-bpw.

tIcfm lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® tIc-f-Øns‚ kaKNcn-X-Øns‚ _rl-Ømb c≠p hmfy-ßƒskbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ G‰hpw henb kw`m-h-\-bmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-h¿ Gsd-bm-Wv. ]e ]fin-X-∑mcpw ]K¤ hy‡n-Ifpw CXn-se-gp-Xn-bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw AXns‚ FUn-‰¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬, At±-l-Øns‚


31


tkh\w \nkvXp-e-am-Wv. ]mam-WnI Ncn-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏´ hn`m-K-ßtfbpw hnj-b-ß-tf-bpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn, AXmXv cwK-ß-fnse ]mam-Wn-I-cmb hy‡n-I-sf-s°m≠v teJ-\-sa-gp-Xn-°m\pwk¿°m-cn¬ \n∂v kmº-ØnI klm-b-ßƒ e`y-am-°p-hm\pw h¿j-ßƒ \o≠ ]cn-iaw Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p.


32


aq∂v:

]Xm-[n-]¿

kz¥-ambn HcptPmen Is≠-ØpI; Bscbpw Bi-bn-°msXPohn-°p-I-˛ B e£y-hp-am-bn-´mWv skbvXp apl-ΩZv sImSp-ß-√q¿\n∂v Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv FØn-b-Xv.- Iøn¬ Hcp- t]-\bpw A\-ev]-ambBfl-hn-izmkhpw Dt≈S-tØmfw Imew Xs∂ B¿°pw tXmev]n-°m≥ Ign-bn-s√-∂p-d-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnZym¿∞n tIm¨K- n¬]h¿Øn-°p∂ ImeØv Bep-hbnepw Fd-Wm-Ip-f-Øp-sa√mw ]kw-K-I-\mbn At±lw FØn-bn- p-≠v- BZy ]pkvX-I-amb "slap-I-em\n'bpsS hnev]-\bpw Aß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-h-s√m.

sImSp-ß-√q-cn-em-bn-cp∂ Ime-Øp-Xs∂ skbvXpapl-ΩZv B\p-Im-en-I-ß-fn¬ teJ\ßsf-gp-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p.˛ sIm-®n≥ sabn¬, -]-Xn-[z\n XpS-ßnb ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬. Ah-bnsegp-Xp∂ kam-\-a-\-kvI-cmb bphkm-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-ambn IØnS]m-Sp-Iƒ \S-ØpIAt±-l-Øns‚ kz`m-h-am-bncp∂p. IØp-I-fn-eqsS Xs∂ hensbmcpkplrZvtemIw krjvSn-s®-Sp-°p-hm\pw km[n-®p. Aßs\ _‘s∏´kplr-ØmWv Sm‰m-]pcw kpIp-am-c≥. Xs‚ ]Xm-[n-]-Xy-Øn-ep≈Isø-gp-Øp-am-kn-I-bn-te°v kpIp-am-c-\n¬ \n∂v teJ\w Bh-iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠v Fgp-Xp-Ibpw kpIp-am-c-≥ AX-b-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

s]s´∂v Hcp -Zn-hkw kpIp-am-cs‚ ho´n-te°v saen™p hnf¿ØHcp sNdp-∏-°m-c≥ Ib-dn-s®∂p; ""Rm≥, skbvXpapl-ΩZv'' kzbw


33


]cnNb-s∏-Sp-Øn. kpIp-am-c≥ A¤p-X-s∏-´p-˛ Kl-\-amb Ncn-X-te-J-\-ß-sf-gp-Xp-∂Xv Cu ]ø-\m-sWt∂m!

IØp-I-fn-eqsS kplr-Øp-°-fm-bn-°-gn-™n-cp∂ B sNdp∏°m¿lrZ-b-]q¿Δw sIń-∏p-W¿∂p. AXv kpZr-Vamb Hcp Bfl_‘-Øn∂p Aÿn-hmcanSp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

skbvXp apl-ΩZv X\n-®m-bn-cp-∂n-√. sImSp-ß√q-cn¬ \n∂v cmL-h≥ F∂ Hcp kvt\ln-X-t\m-sSm-∏-am-W-t±lw Fd-Wm-Ip-fØp h∂X.vAbmƒs°mcp tPmenbt\z-jn®p Is≠-ØpI Xs‚ ZuXy-am-sW-∂mWv skbvXn-s‚ mhw. GXm\pw Znhkw Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw kpIp-am-cs‚ hoń-emWv Xma-kn-®-Xv. cmhnse skbvXp apl-ΩZpw cmL-h\pwIqSn Cd-ßn-t∏m-bm¬ k‘ybv-°mWv Xncn-s®-ØpI. kplr-Øp-°ƒ°p th≠n Xs∂-s°m-≠m-hp-∂-Xns‚ ]c-am-h[n sNbvXp sImSp-°p-I-sb-∂Xv A∂p-Xs∂ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ ioe-am-Wv. HSp-hn¬sIm®n-Xp-d-ap-JØv cmL-h∂v Hcp tPmen kºm-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥Ign™t∏mƒ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn∂v Bfl-\n¿hrXn A\p-`-h-s∏´pImWpw

"P\-i-‡n-'bn¬Iq´p-Im-c≥ c£-s∏-´p. C\n X\ns°mcp Xmhfw Is≠-Ø-Ww.

s]s´∂v Hm¿Ω-h-∂Xv tKmhn-μ≥Ipń-sb-bm-Wv. hS-°≥]d-hq-cn¬,Kpcp tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-]n-≈-bpsS hoń¬sh®v ]cn-N-b-s∏-ń´p-≠v. IYm-Ir-ØmWv tKmhn-μ≥Ipń. A∂sØ F√m Fgp-Øp-Im¿°pwBNm-cy-\mb tIk-cnbpsS - D]-tZiw tXSn-bmWv tKmhn-μ≥Ipń Ahn-sS-sb-Øp-∂-Xv. skbvXp apl-ΩZv A∂-hnsS \nXy-k-μ¿i-I-\pw.

tKmhn-μ≥Ipń t^m¿´p-sIm-®nbnem-sW-∂-dn-bmw. ]s£; hoS-dn-bn-√. hgn-bn¬ I≠ Hcm-tfmSp tNmZn®p:

"" tKmhn-μ≥ Ipńsb Adn-bptam?''""GXv tKmhn-μ≥ Ipń..?''"" IY-I-sfms° Fgp-Xp-∂.......''""Hm! At±lw Fs‚ kplr-Øm-W-t√m. \nßƒ FhnsS \n∂p

hcp∂p?''""sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \n∂v'' F∂p adp-]Sn ]d-™-t∏mƒ bmX-°m-

c\v Bsf thKw ]nSn-Inń: ""skbvXp apl-ΩZv; At√?''""AsX. Fßs\ a\- nembn?''tKmhn-μ≥Ipń ]d-™n-cp∂p; tIk-cn-bpsS hoń¬ sh®p-

skbvXns\ I-≠- Im-cyw-.-˛ \mS-I kn\n-am-\-S-\mb FÕn -am-Ãdmbn-cp∂p AXv. Ccp-hcpw IqSn tKmhn-μ≥Ip-ńsb t]mbn-I-≠p. ]nev°m-eØv Ne-®n-X-\-S\pw Xnc-°-Ym-Ir-Øp-ambnØo¿∂ F≥.-tKm-hn-


34


μ≥Ipń. FÕn amÃ-dmWv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ "P\-i‡n' hmcn-I-bpsS amt\-PnwKv FUn-‰¿ F.-hn. hmk-h\-p-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv. ]n.hn.sI s\Sp-ßm-Sn-bm-b-ncp∂p No^v FUn-‰¿. s\Sp-ß-mSn Hgn™p t]mb-t∏mƒ ]‰nb Hcmsf At\zjn®psIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p hmk-h≥. skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv B ]Xm-[n-]-ÿm-\-ta-s‰-Sp-°m≥ Xmakap≠mbn√.

B \mfp-Isf Ipdn®v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln_v Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v.

""]Xo-£-Ifpw kz]v\-ßfpw \nd™ lrZ-b-hp-ambn Hcp ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ Zim-_vZ-ßƒ°v apºv t^m¿ vsIm-®n-bnseAa-cm-h-Xn-bn¬ "P\-i‡n' Hmô-kn-se-Ønb Imew a[p-c-kva-c-W-I-fn-en∂pw XfwsIń \n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. tZiob hnZym¿∞n ]ÿm-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]ptcm-K-a\ kmlnXy ]ÿm-\-Øn-eqsS Ncn-Xm-t\z-jW cwK-tØ°v h∂ F\n°v `mhn-bn-te°v shfn-®-Øns‚ssIØncn ImWn-®p-X∂ kmlnXy Xd-hm-ńse òjvam-Nm-cy-\mbtIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-]n≈ sIm®n-°p≈ bmXm-th-f-bn¬ Xs‚ sh◊-tb-dnb \o≠ XmSn-bn-eqsS hnc-ep-I-tfm-Sn®v \n¿Δn-Im-c-ambn \¬InbD]-tZiw Nn¥n-°m\pw Nncn-°m\pw hI \¬Ip-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

[¿Ω-]-Xm-]-Øn\v ]i-kvXn-bm¿÷n® io_p-≤s‚ Aa-cm-h-Xn-bn-te-°√ ]d-¶n-I-fpsS tX¿hm-gvNbv°v Xmhfw \¬tI-≠n-h∂Aa-cm-h-Xn-bn-te-°mWv t]mIp-∂-Xv. taml-ßƒ°-Sn-a-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂m¬taml-`w-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hnap-‡-\m-Imw. Hcp ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\m-Ip-tºmƒ ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv [oc-ambn ]d-bp-I, FXn¿∏p-I-fn-s√-¶n¬ i≤n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-\m-Ipw. iq\y-amb Nne L -ß-fn¬ Pohn-X-k-acw kzbwkrjvSn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. im¥-amb Pe-∏-c-∏n¬ Is√-dn™v Hmf-ßƒkrjvSn®v AXv apdn-®p-I-S∂v A°-sc-sb-Ø-Ww. Aß-s\ Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb FXn¿∏p-I-fn-eqsS hnP-bn-°-Ww.''

AN-©-e-amb kwb-a\wskbvXpapl-ΩZpw cmLh\pw Fw.-]-c-ta-iz-c≥\m-bcpw A∂v

t^m¿´p-sIm®n Aacmh-Xn-bnse Hcp temUvPn¬ H∂n-®m-bn-cp-∂p, Xma-kw. Sn.Fkv ap-Øø, ]n.sP B‚-Wn, F≥.tKmhn-μ≥Ipń, FÕn,H.]n tPmk-^v, Sm‰m-]pcw kpIp-am-c≥ XpSßn Iem km-ln-Xy-cw-K-ß-fn¬ ]nev°m-eØv ]i-kvX-cmbnXo¿∂ ]Xn-`m-im-en-I-fpsSkwKatIμ-am-bn-Øo¿∂p, "P\-i‡n' hmcn-I.

apgpØ IpSn-b-∑mcpw IpØ-gn™ Pohn-Xw- \-bn-°p∂-h-cp-ambIem-Im-c∑m¿°nS-bn¬, \n w-K-\mbn \nc-¥camb hmb-\-bnepw ]T-\-Ønepw apgp-In-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ Hcp ]tXyI Ign-hp-Xs∂ skbvXp


35


apl-Ω-Zn-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]pI-h-en-°pI t]mepw sNømØ At±lwAh¿°n-S-bn¬ XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Zp»o-e-ß-fn¬ \n∂vHgn™p\n¬°m≥ At±lw ]tXyIw i≤n-®p. kzbw ASnt®¬∏n®Cu- kw-b-a t_m-[-an-√m-bn-cps∂¶n¬ skbvXp apl-ΩZv as‰m-cm-fmbnamdp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ hgn thsdm-∂ms-W∂v At±lw At∂ Xncn-®-dn-™p. AXv ]T-\-Øn-s‚bpw Kth-j-W-Øn-s‚bpw kwLmS\Øn-s‚bpw kmaq-ly-]-cn-jvI-cWØns‚bpw hgn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kmwkvIm-cnI t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ Zp¿§-a-]m-X-. Ahn-sS Acm-P-IXzw ]mSn-√.

AtX kabw Iq´p-Im-cpsS Xam-i-Ifnepw Iem-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw ]¶p-tN-cp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p, skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv. \√ \¿Ω-t_m-[-ap-≈Xp sIm≠v Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ At±lw A\y-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.Ah¿ XΩn¬ X¿°-ßfpw hnhm-Z-ßfpw Ie-l-ß-fp-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒam[y-ÿ-s‚bpw A\p-c-RvP-Is‚bpw tdmfn¬ Ft∏mgpw skbvXp apl-Ω-Zp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. thj-Ønepw cq]-Øn-ep-sam∂pw henb i≤-bn-√.]e-t∏mgpw j¿ńs‚ _´¨ sX‰n-°n-S-°p-∂p-≠m-Ipw. Ahn-S-hnsSIodepw ]n∂-ep-sam-s°-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AsXms° i≤n-°m-s\-hnsSkabw?

FÕn-am-Ã-dp-sSbpw tKmhn-μ≥Ip-ń-bp-sS-bp-sams° \mS-I-]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v skbvXv apl-ΩZv X∂m-em-Ip∂ klmbw sNøpw-.kvIqƒImesØ \mS-I-IrØpw kwhn-[m-b-I-\p-sam-s°-bm-W-t√m.1949˛¬ CS-t»-cn-bpsS "Iq´p-Irjn' sb∂-\m-SIw i≤n-°-s∏´ Imew.\mS-I-th-Zn-bn¬ apØ-øbpw B‚-Wnbpw FÕn-am-jp-sams° am‰w hcp-Øm≥ sIm≠p ]nSn®p ian-°p-tºmƒ, Ah-tcm-sSm∏w skbvXp apl-ΩZpw D≠m-bn-cn∂p. 1956-˛¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-sh®v ]n.sI. thWp-°p-´≥ \mb-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ AJn-e-tI-cf \mS-I-I¨sh≥j≥kwL-Sn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ sIm®n-bnse \mSIIem-Im-c-∑msc ]Xn-\n-[m\wsNbvXXv skbvXpapl-ΩZpw FÕn- am-Ã-dp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

"bp≤-tI-c-f'-Øn¬"P\i‡n'-bpsS amt\-PnwKv FUn-‰¿ F.hn hmk-h≥ A∂v

sIm®n-bn¬ Hcp _m¶v \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m¿ a¿°‚-bn¬ _m¶v.AXp s]mń-b-Xv hmcn-I-bpsS ]h¿Ø-\-sØbpw _m[n-®p. skbvXpaplΩZv ho≠pw sXmgn¬cln-X\m-bn. F∂m¬, Aßs\ Ae-k-\m-bn-°--gn-bp-hm≥ At±-l-Øn∂p km[y-am-bncp∂n-√. A∂v t^m¿´p-sIm-®n-bn¬ \n∂p kn.sI A_q-_-°¿ Ffn-b\n-e-bn¬ \S-Ønbncp∂"bphtIc-f-'Øn-te°v ]Xps° skbvXp apl-ΩZv IqSp-am-dn.

At±lw ]Xm-[n-]Xyw Gs‰-Sp-Ø-tXm-Sp-IqSn "bph-tI-


36


cf'Øns‚ kz`m-h-a-∏msS amdn.- tI-c-f-Ønse A°m-esØ Fgp-Øp-Im-scsb√mw hmcn-I-bp-ambn _‘s∏Sp-Øphm≥ At±lw Bflm¿∞-ambn ian®p; ]tXy-In®p bph-tI-c-f-Øns‚ hm¿jn-I-∏-Xn-∏p-I-fn¬]apJ kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cpsS krjvSn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®p. Fw.Sn hmkp-tZ-h≥ \m-b¿ Dƒs∏sS C∂sØ e_v[-]-Xn-jvT-cmb ]e Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-sSbpw cN-\-Iƒ bph-tI-c-f-Øn¬ ]Xy£-s∏-´p. AtXm-sSm∏wXs∂ apØø, ]n.sP B‚Wn, FÕn-am-Ã¿ XpS-ßnb Iem-Im-c-∑mschmcn-I-bpsS t]Pp-I-fn-eqsS hmb-\-°m¿°v ]cn-N-bs∏SpØp-IbpwsNbvXp. Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßp∂hsc AI-a-gn™v t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-XvAt±-l-Øns‚ kao-]-\ambn-cp-∂p.

Xpd-apJ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS Iqenbpw sXmgnepw amX-a-√,kmwkvIm-cnI ]iv\-ßƒ IqSn IW-°nseSp°-W-sa∂v t\Xr-XzsØskbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv t_m[ys∏-Sp-Øn. sIm®n-°-∏p-d-ap≈ taJ-e-I-fp-ambn_‘-s∏-Sm≥ Ah¿°v Hu’p-Iy-ap-≠m-bn. sIm®n-bn¬ At±-l-apƒs∏´ tIºn¬ tIc-f-Ønse ]ikvX kmln-Xy-Im-c≥amcpw Iem-Im-c≥amcpw \nXy-k-μ¿i-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. kPo-h-amb \mSIN¿®-Iƒ,kmlnXyN¿®-Iƒ Ch-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p-h-∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿.tIi-h-tZ-hv, XI-gn, s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n, hb-em¿ cma-h¿Ω XpS-ßnbkplr-Øp-°ƒ I£n-t`-Z-as\y sXmgn-emfn bqWn-b≥t\Xm-°-fp-am-b-Sp-Øp. I£n-cm-jvSo-b-Øns‚ AXn-]-k-c-Im-eØpw AXn-\-Xo-X-ambn kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am¿°v thZn-sbm-cp-°p-hm≥ Xpd-apJ sXmgn-emfnbqWn-b\v Ign-™p. a´m-t©cn ]pXnb tdmUnse t_mkvtIm Sm°o-kn¬ \S∂ kmln-Xy-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ tIi-h-tZhpw, sI.-Zm-tam-Z-c-\pw,]n.-sI. _me-Ir-jvW\pw Fw.-F-kv.-tZ-h-Zm-kp-sa√mw `mK-`m-°m-bn.am¿Ivkn-b≥ ]Xy-b-im-kvX-tØbpw ka-Im-eo-\-km-ln-Xy-tØbpw]‰n \S∂ Bib kwL-´\w ]n¬°m-eØv IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n-bpsS]p\¿hnNn-¥-\-Øn\v t]cn-∏n-®p-sh∂v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv A`n-]mbs∏´n-´p-≠v. sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS kmwkvIm-cnI ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ hnP-bn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ tUm. Sn.-ap-l-ΩZv Xmln-dns\ t]mep≈h¿ \¬Inb]n¥pW At±lw \μn-tbmsS Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p.

t]m’m-l-P\I-amb kao-]\w]e¿°pw AØcw A\p-`-h-ßƒ Ab-hn-d-°m-\p≠v. I¬h-

Ønbn¬ kn.sI A_q-_-°-dns‚ ^ ¬ ] n-emWp A∂pbph-tIcfw A®-Sn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂Xv. Ahn-sS-sb-Øp∂ ]pXnb Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v, Xo¿®-bmbpw ]Xm-[n-]-cpsS tai-bpsS ap≥]n¬ Hcp Ccn-∏nSw e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°pIbn√.˛ Ah-cpsS a\- n¬ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn-∂pw.


37


""IqSp-X¬ hmbn-°p-I, ]Tn-°p-I. \nc-¥-c-ambn Fgp-XpI''- At±lwAhsc t]m’m-ln-∏n°pw. cN-\-Iƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pI amX-a√;Ahsc ]ap-J- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØpIbpw sNøpw;kmln-Xy-k-tΩ-f-\-ß-fn-te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ipw. AhnsS ]¥n-hn-th-N-\-sam-∂p-an-√.

skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ BZyambn ]cn-N-b-s∏´ cwKw sIm®n-bnsekmwkvIm-cnI]h¿Ø-I-\mb F≥.sI.F eØo^v hnh-cn-°p∂p:

""1953 Unkw-_¿ 27-\mWv Rm≥ BZy-ambn At±-lsØ ImWp-∂-Xv. Fd-Wm-Ifw knhyp tlm -en¬ ]ptcm-K-a\kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cpsSktΩ-f\w \S°p∂p. kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑msc ImWm-\p≈ IuXp-IhpwkmlnXyN¿®-Iƒ tIƒ°m-\p≈ Xmev]-cyhpw sIm≠v Hcp _me-\mb Rm\-hnsS FØn. Fw. ]c-ta-iz-c≥\mbsc Ahn-sS-sh®p I≠p.(]n¬°m-eØv henb ac-°-®-h-S-°m-c-\m-bn-Øo¿∂ ]c-ta-iz-c≥\m-b¿ sNdp-I-Ym-IrØpw ]nev°m-eØv ka-kvX-tI-cf kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚ `mc-hm-ln-bp-am-bn-) Rßƒ tlm´-ens‚ XmgsØ \ne-bn¬kwkm-cn®p \nev°ptºmƒ Hcp Iq´w kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿ GWn-∏SnCd-ßn-h-cp-∂Xv I≠p. Ah-cn¬ shfpØpt\¿Ø Hcp a\p-jys\Nq≠n \mb¿ ]d™p: ]n.F.skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv.

Rm≥ BZ-c-]q¿Δw At±-lsØ t\m°n. ]c-ta-iz-c≥\m-b¿Fs∂ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn. ""bph-tI-c-f''Øn¬ IY-sb-gp-Xp∂ eØo-^v.''

Hcp ]pXnb Fgp-Øp-Im-c-t\bpw ]Xm-[n-]-tcbpw XΩnemWp ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Aßs\ Hcp ]cn-[n-bn¬ B ]cn-Nbw\n∂n-√. AsXmcp ktlm-Z-c-_-‘-ambn hf¿∂p. ac-W-Øn∂p amXtaRßsf th¿s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-™p-≈q.''

˛skbvXp apl-ΩZv F∂ hy‡n-bn¬ A¥¿eo-\-amb kz`m-h-hn-ti-j-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. Hcn-°¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´m¬ BPo-h-\m¥w XpS-cp∂ kulr-Zw.

Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\mb Fw.-]n.sP cmP≥ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏´ kw`hw hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ßs\:

""AXm Hcp _mKpw Iøn-sem-Xp°n-∏n-Sn-®psIm-≠v, Xe Hcp hi-tØbv°v Aev]w Ncn®p ]k-cn-∏p≈ Hcp bphmhv \S-∂p-h-cp-∂p.IqsS s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bpap≠v. c≠pt]cpw Ft¥m -Im-cy-ambnkwkm-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]kw-K-]-cn-]mSn Ign™v c≠p-t]cpw tÃPn¬\n-∂n-d-ßn-bp≈ \S-∏m-Wv.-B-cm-[-I¿ ]n∂m-se-bp-≠v. At∏mtgbv°pwhnP-\-am-bn-°-gn-™n-cp∂ s]cp-am-\q¿ ssaXm-\n-bn¬ Rm≥ ap≥]nepw


38


Fs‚ Nne Iq´p-Im¿ sXm´p-]n≥]n-ep-ambn Cu hchp t\m°n-\n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bp-am-bp≈ kwkm-c-Øn-∂n-S-bn¬Xs∂ Fs∂ c≠p-aq∂v XhW At±lw t\m°n. Rms\m∂p Nncn®p;At±-lhpw Nncn-®p. Fs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂-t∏mƒ At±lw H∂p-\n∂p:""a\- n-em-bn-√-t√m.''

Fs‚ t]cv cmP-s\-∂mWv

Fw.-]n.sP As√?

AsX.

Ign-™-e°w "bph-tI--cf'Øn¬ IY tN¿Øn-´p-≠v. t\c-sØ-Xs∂ Rm≥ hnh-c-Øn∂p IØ-b-®n-cp-∂-s√m. hmcn-I-bpsS tIm∏nbpwAb-®n-´p-≠v.''

Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßp∂ Hcmsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Atß-b‰wt]m’m-l-P-\-I-amb kao-]-\-am-Wn-Xv. A∂p-Xs∂ skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmwkv°m-cn-I-cw-KØv \nd-km-∂n-[y-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]apJ kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w thZn-I-f-t±lw ]¶n´p. Hcn-°epw AXns‚ K¿ΔvImWn-®n-√. ]pXnb Fgp-Øp-Im-tcmSv hnth-N\w ImWn-®n-√. ]cn-N-b-s∏-´m-ep-Ss\ Ahsc Nmb- Ip-Sn-°m≥ £Wn-°pw. hmcn-I-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-Xn∂v ]Xn-^-ew- sIm-Sp-°pw. cN-\-I-fn¬ A]m-IX-bps-≠-¶n¬Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°pw. ]Xn-^-e-ambn Fs¥-¶nepw t]m°-‰n-en-´p-sIm-Sp-°pw. CsXm∂pw "t\Xm-hm-Im≥'th≠n a\-∏q¿Δw sNøp-∂-X-√. kz¥wkz`m-h-Øn¬ A¥¿eo-\-amb ]Ir-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]pXp-Xmbn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcm-fn¬t]mepw Nnc-Imekulr-Z-Øns‚ ]Xo-Xn-bp-f-hm-°p∂ kao-]-\w.

""PohnXbmX-bpsS hgn-Øm-c-bn¬ Htcm¿ΩsØ‰p t]mse Rm\p-t]-£n-®p-t]mb Fs‚ Fgp-Øn-s\-∏‰n CS-bv°n-S°v ImWp-tºm-sgms° B kplrØv D]-tZ-in-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. amX-a√ Fs∂ c≠m-aXpw B cwK-tØbv°p sIm≠p-hcp-∂-Xn∂p th≠n Fs‚ Ipsd]gb IY-Iƒ Xnc-™p-]n-Sn®v Fkv ]n knF- n-s\-s°m≠v c≠p]pkvX-I-ßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xpw a¨a-d-™p-t]mb Fs‚ Bfl-kp-lr-Øm-Wv.''-˛ ]X-]-h¿Ø-I\pw IYm-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ sI.Sn Xcy≥Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv. CØ-c-sa-s¥-¶nepw Hc-\p- -hw, skbvXp apl-Ω-Zp-ambn_‘-s∏´ Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn¬ Hcp IS-∏mSv Xt∂m-Sp-≠m-°n-h-bv°-W-sa∂ Dt±-iytØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b√ CsXm-∂pw. Xs‚ IS-a-bm-sW∂ t_m[-am-bn-cn-°mw. Du¿÷-kz-e-amb B hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ kl-P-amb kz`m-h-hn-ti-j-am-bn-cn-°mw.


39


Xs‚ BZy-te-J\w ]kn-≤o-I-cn® ImesØ Ipdn®v tIμ-a¥nC. Al-ΩZv Hm¿Ωn-°p∂p:

""1954-˛55 Imew. A∂p Rm≥ IÆq¿ ap\n-kn-∏¬ sslkvIq-fn¬ss^\¬ ¢mkn¬ ]Tn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kvIqƒ amK-kn-\n¬ Fs‚ HcpteJ\w ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p- mdqJv cmPm-hns\ ]pd-Øm-°nb A∂sØCuPn-]vXnse Iep-j-amb cmjvSo-bm-¥-co-£sØ Ipdn-®m-bn-cp∂pAXv. A∂sØ Fs‚ hμyKpcp -D-dpZp ap≥jn ]tc-X-\m-b Fw. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_ns\ ImWm≥h∂ Hsc-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ kvIqƒ am-K-kn-\nse Fs‚ teJ\w hmbn-°m-\n-S-bm-bn. B te-J\w X\n-°-b-®p-X-c-W-sa∂v At±lw Bh-iy-s∏- p. Rm\-X-b-®p-sIm-SpØp; sIm®n-bn¬\n∂p ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ "bph-tI-cfw'hmcn-I-bn¬ AX-®-Sn-®p-h-cn-IbpwsNbvXp. B ]Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp∂p ]n∂o-sSs‚ G‰hpw henb kplr-Øm-bn-am-dnb ]n.F skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv.''

Aa-cm-h-Xn-bn¬ tIm¨Kkv Hmô-kn-∂p-]n-∂n-ep≈ ]gb HcpsIń-S-Ønse H‰ apdn-bn-emWv A∂v skbvXp apl-ΩZv Xma-kn-°p-∂Xv. a‰p-\m-e-©p-t]¿ IqSn-bp-≠v. ap∏-Xp-cq-]-bmWv amk-hm-S-I. A©p-cq-]-hoXw HmtcmcpØcpw sImSp-°pw. Fgp-Øp-Imcpw Iem-Im-c-∑mcpwamX-a√ cmjvSo-b-t\-Xm-°fpw Ahn-sS-b∂p \nXy-k-μ¿i-I-cm-Wv.s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°nbpw tIi-h-tZhpw cmap-Im-cym-´p-sa√mw Ah-cpsSIq´-Øn¬ s]Sp-∂p.

IØn-t\m-sSm∏w ÃmºpwHcn-°¬ _‘-s∏-´m¬ \nc-¥-c-amb Fgp-Øp-I-fn-eqsS B

kulrZw XpS¿∂v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn∂p skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn-t‚-XmbHcp coXn-bp-≠v. B FgpØpIƒ Hcn-°epw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-X -sIm≠vhnc-k-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. 1948- ¬ "P\-i‡n' FUn-‰-dm-bn-cp-∂-Im-e-Øv, Ncn-X-Im-c\pw KZy-I-hn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ hn hn sI hme-Øn∂p skbvXp apl-ΩZv Fgp-Xnb IØv Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p:

""]nb hmeØv;

kplr-Øn‚ Im¿Up-In-ń. Xm¶-fpsS teJ-\-a-S-ßp-∂- tIm∏n]tXy-I-ambpw km[m-c-W-amb addp tIm∏n-Ifpw Ab-®n- p≠v. C\nbpwAb-°mw. t]msc? ]ns∂ Hcp Imcyw. "--P-\-i‡n'bn¬ Ch¿ Fgp-Xp∂p F∂ Hcp ]w‡n hcp-∂p-≠v. B shfn-®-Øn¬ "an∂¬ shfn-®'-Øns‚ I¿Ømhv Xe Db¿Øpw; ]Xo-£n-°mw. F¥m- te-J\wAb-bv°m-ØXv? Ab-°q. kvXohntcm-[n-bmb hmesØhnsS-bm-W∂vHcp s]s¶m-®ns‚ tNmZy-ap-≠v.

""HcpImcyw, at‰-]p-kvXIw FSp∏n-°m≥ \mw c≠p -t]cpw IqSn


40


t]mIWw. Hcp ]Wn sNømw. Rm≥ Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv sh≈n-bmgvNht∂-°mw. s\lvdp hcp-tºmƒ...''

hn hn sI hme-Øn∂p Xs∂bp≈ as‰mcp IØn¬ Bh-iy-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv, "A©p-dp-∏nI hn]n Np-aØn KZy-I-hnX DSs\ Ab-bv°-W-'sa-∂mWv. Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v Ign-bp-∂X ]Xn-êw \¬Im≥\njvI¿j-bp≈ ]Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp∂p skbvXp apl-ΩZv. Nne-t∏mƒteJ-\-ßƒ Ab-bv°m-\p≈ Ãmºp-Iƒ t]mepw Fgp-Øn-t\m-sSm∏whbv°pam-bn-cp-∂p.

t^m¿´p-sIm-®n-bn¬ ]Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ Imew. sIm√-Øp-sh®v \S∂ ]ptcm-K-a\ kmln-Xy-k-tΩ-f\Øn¬ skbvXp apl-ΩZvG‰-hp-a-[nIw i≤n-°-s∏-´p. tIc-f-Ønse ]ptcm-K-a-\-km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-ambn ASpØ _‘w ]pe¿Øp-hm≥ Ign-™Xv AtXm-sS-bm-Wv. Ahsc Xs‚ kplr-Øp-°-fmb H.]n tPmk-^v, Sm‰m-]pcw kpIp-am-c≥, F≥ tKmhn-μ≥Ipń F∂n-h¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn sImSp-ØXpwskbvXp apl-Ω-Zm-Wv.

sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw Fgp-Øp-Imcpw"bph-tI-cfw' Ipsd-Imew Xpd-apJ sXmgn-emfn bqWn-bs‚ apJ-

]-X-sa-t∂m-WamWv ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. bqWn-bs‚ kmc-Yn-I-fm-bn-cp∂ sI.-F®v kpsse-am≥ amÃ¿, F F sIm®p-Æn, Fw.sI cmL-h≥ F∂n-h-cp-am-bp≈ _‘w, Cu sXmgn-em-fn -kw-L-S-\sbkmwkv°m-cnI]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-te°v IqSn hgn Xncn-®p-hn-Sm-\n-S-bm-°n.1951-˛¬ a´m-t©-cn-bn¬ sh®p \S∂ bqWn-bs‚ kmln-Xy-kmw-kvIm-cnI ktΩ-f\w hfsc it≤-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. \mf-Xp-hsc ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln®pw hna¿in®pw Akq-bm-ep-°-fmbpw Ign-™n-cp∂ kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-scbpw kmwkvIm-cnI \mb-I-∑m-tcbpw Hcp- th-Zn-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cm≥ Ign-™p. bqWn-b≥ hm¿jn-I-ß-tfm-sSm∏w kwL-Sn-∏n-°-s∏´kmln-Xy-k-tΩ-f\ßfpsS kwLm-S-I≥ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zm-bn-cp-∂p.Iqen-°q-Sp-X-enepw kmº-Øn-Im-\p-Iq-ey-ß-fnepw amX-a√ kmwkv°m-cnI Imcy-ß-fnepw sXmgn-em-fn-I-fn¬ Xmev]-cy-ap-W¿Øp-hm≥ CXvklm-b-I-ambn."bp-h-tI-cf'Øn¬ IY-Iƒ°pw teJ-\-ßƒ°pw ]pdsasXmgn-emfn hm¿Ø-Iƒ°pw Ipsd-t]-Pp-Iƒ \o°n-sh-®n-cp-∂p.

Xpd-ap-JsØ _Ø, Npa- v, tXmWn XpS-ßnb F√m hn`mK sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ]iv\-ßfpw bph-tI-c-f-Øn¬ N¿®-sN-ø-s∏-´p.Ah-bv°n-S-bn¬ \n∂pw hf¿∂p-h∂ Iem-Im-c≥am¿°v cwK-sam-cp-°p-hm\pw bph-tI-cfw ]tbm-P-\-s∏- p. kvt\lm-Z-c-ßfpw k¬°m-c-ßfpwsIm≠v kmln-Xy-Im-c≥amsc ho¿∏p-ap- n-°p∂ sXmgn-emfn kaq-lsØ


41


Ipdn®v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Ggp-Xp-∂p. kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am¿, Iem-Im-c≥am¿ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ sIm®n-bn¬ h∂m¬ Ah¿°v ]ń-Wn-In-S-t°-≠n-h-cn-√. tIi-h-tZ-hv, _jo¿ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ Ah-cpsS BXnYyw kzoI-cn-®-h-cm-Wv. ]kw-Kn-°m≥ hcp∂ kmln-Xy-Im-c∂v hgns®ehv amX-a-√, \√ _ncn-bm-Wnbpw Nmbbpw t]m°‰v aWnbpw sImSp-°p∂ ]mc-ºcyw at‰-sX-¶nepw ]ÿm-\-Øn-\pt≠m F∂v kwi-b-am-Wv.

Xpd-ap-J-sXm-gn-emfn bqWn-b≥ t\Xm-°-fmb Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsSkz`mhw At±lw hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ßs\: ae-a-dn-™mepw At£m-`y-\mbn ]iv\-ßƒ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°m≥ a\- m-∂n[yw kq£n-°p∂Ipim-K-_p-≤n-bmWv kpsse-am≥ amÃ-dp-tS-sX-¶n¬ GXv Imcy-Ønepwi‡hpw hy‡-hp-amb \ne-]m-sS-SpØv Imcy-ßƒ°v Xocp-am\w DS-\Sn ImWp∂ Nn´-°m-c-\mWv cmL-h≥ h°o¬. hnπ-h-kz-`mhw D≈n-eq-dn-°n-S-°p∂ sIm®p-Æn-am-Ã¿ FXn-cm-fnsb \b-]q¿Δw HXp-°p∂NXpc-\m-Wv. aq∂p-t]-cp-tSbpw Ign-hp-Iƒ kwtbm-Pn-®p-tN¿∂mWvbqWn-b≥ sFXn-lm-kn-I-amb ka-c-ßƒ \bn-®-Xv.

io\m-cm-bW iXm_vZnsIm®n≥ tIm¿∏-td-js‚ BZyta-b¿ Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂ sIm®p-Æn-

am-Ãdpw skbvXp apl-ΩZpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w, kmtlmZ-cy-Øns‚Zm¿Vy-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

sIm®n-Xp-d-apJ sXmgn-emfn bqWn-b∂p A∂v Hmô-skm-∂p-an-√. tIm¨K-kv]-h¿Ø-I\pw a´mt©cn-bnse Ipam¿ SmIvkokns‚ÿm]-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ sI._n Ipam-cs‚ B\-hm-Xn-ev°-ep≈ Hmô-kmWv bqWn-b≥ t\Xm-°-fpsS kt¶-Xw. kpsse-am≥am-Ãdpw cmL-h≥ h°oepw sIm®pÆn amÃ-dp-sams° Ahn-sS-sb∂pw cmjvSo-b-N¿®-I-fp-am-bp-≠m-Ipw. kplr-Øp-°ƒ Hcp-an-®mWv `£Ww Ign-°p-I. Ipam-cs‚ hoń¬\n∂p sIm≠p-h-cp∂ A©p-X-´p≈ Icn-b-dnse`£Ww Ah¿ ]¶p-h-bv°pw. AºXp-I-fn¬ A°q-´-Øn¬ ]k-cn-∏p≈ as‰mcp sNdp-∏-°m-c≥IqSn IS-∂p-h-∂p-˛ ˛ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zm-bn-cp∂p AXv. GXv ]iv\-Ønepw kPo-h-ambn CS-s]-Sm≥ Ign-bp∂skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ CjvS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ B¿°pw BIp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

sI._n Ipam-cs‚ acp-a-I\pw Ipam¿SmIvkn-kns‚ Ct∏m-gsØkmc-Yn-bp-amb taml≥Zm-kn∂v skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ Ipdn-®v, Xs‚F¨]Øn-\m-emw-h-b- nepw, ad-°m-\m-hmØ HØncn Hm¿Ω-I-fp-≠v.

A°m-eØv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ kwL-mS-\]m-Shw sXfn-™p-I≠ kw`-h-amWv ]≈p-cp-Øn-bn¬ \S∂ io\m-cm-b-WKpcp


42


P∑iXm_vZn. 1954 Unkw-_¿ 19 apX¬ 1955 P\p-h-cn 2 hsc -\o-≠p-\n∂ Hcp kmaq-ly-kmw-kvIm-cn-tIm-’hw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p AXv.cmjvSo-bw, Btcm-Kyw, hnZym-`ymkw, tSUvbqWn-b≥, Ncn-Xw,kmlnXyw, kwkvImcw XpSßn F√m-hn-j-b-ßsf Ipdn®pw ]tXy-I-k-tΩ-f-\-ßƒ. sI. Aø-∏-\mWv \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns‚ ]Xna A\m-—m-Z\w sNbvXXv. A°m-esØ ]ikvX lnμn kmln-Xy-Imcn Ia-em-tZ-hn -N-tXm-]m-[ymb BZy ktΩ-f-\-w DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp.kmwkvIm-cnI ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ alm-Ihn Pn. i¶-c-°p-dp-∏v, Fkv. sIs]ms‰-°m-Sv, s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n, XI-gn, tIi-h-tZ-hv, Fw.Fkv tZh-Zmkv XpS-ßnb ]ap-J- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-sc√mw ]s¶-Sp-Øp. iqc-\m´vIp™≥]n-≈bpw sI. Zmtam-Z-c\pw ]s¶-SpØ Ncn-X-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬skbvXp apl-ΩZv sNbvX ]kwKw D÷z-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. kmaq-ln-I-ambD®-\o-N-Xz-ßƒs°Xn-cmb ka-c-Øn∂p icn-bmb Znimt_m-[-ap-≠m-I-W-sa-¶n¬, anYy-I-fn¬ sI´n-∏-SpØ Ncn-X-ßƒ s]mfns®-gp-X-W-sa∂v At±lw ]d-™p. ]nt∂m-°-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-sf√mw Cu ka-c-Øn¬H∂n-®p-\n¬°-W-sa∂pw skbvXp apl-ΩZv A`n-]m-b-s∏-´p. am[y-a-ß-fn¬ Znh-k-ß-tfmfw N¿® sNø-s∏´ H∂m-bn-cp-∂p, B ]`m-j-Ww.

Iem-k-tΩ-f\w DZvLm-S\w sNbvXXv Ddq_v F∂ ]n.kn Ip´n-Ir-jvW-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]´m-Ωmƒ, Fw.-F¬ hk-¥-Ip-amcn XpS-ßnb ]K-¤-kw-Ko-X-⁄-cpsS ]m´p-I-t®-cn-Iƒ.

ap≥ Kp-P-dmØv Kh¿Æ¿ sI.sI.hniz\m-Y≥, Fw.sI cmL-h≥ h°o¬, sIm®p-Æn-am-Ã¿, Ad°-Ød mkvI-c≥, ]ikvX ]X-]-h¿Ø-I\pw KŸ-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ ]n.sI _me-Ir-jvW≥ XpS-ßnb]ap-J-c-S-ßp∂ kzmK-X-kw-L-Øn¬ skbvXp apl-ΩZpw kPo-h-am-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cm∏-I-en-√msX ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ hnP-b-Øn-∂p-th≠nAt±lw HmSn-\S∂p.

k¿§w"bph-tI-cf'Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\w \ne-®-t∏mƒ skbvXp apl-ΩZv

tIcfm apkv-enw- U-b-d-IvS-dn-bpsS ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn¬ i≤-tI-μo-I-cn-®p. ]n∂oSv kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kmap-Zm-bn-I-hp-amb kwL-S-\m-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-emWv At±lw hym]r-X-\m-Ip-∂-Xv. F¶nepw ]X-]-h-¿-Ø\tØmSp≈ Xmev]cyw Ah-km-\n-®n-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv,dotU-gvkvssUPÃn-s‚bpw `h≥kp tP¿W-en-s‚bpw amXr-Ibn¬"k¿§w' F∂- t]-cn¬ Hcp amkn-I -Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv. hnhn[ hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v sNdn-b, sNdn-b CuSp‰-te-J-\-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p D≈-S-°w.˛ Adp-]-Xp-I-fn-emWv "k¿§w' kPo-h-am-bn-cp-∂-Xv.


43


Fd-Wm-Ipfw Kncn-\-K-dn¬ kz¥-ambn Hcp hoSp-≠m-b-t∏mƒAXn∂p At±lw \¬In-b-t]cv k¿§w F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

kuZn cmPm-hp-ambn Hcp IpiewskbvXp apl-Ω-Zn-√msX Hcp kwcw-`hpw A∂v sIm-®n-bn¬ \S-

∂n-cp-∂n-√. AYhm s]mXp-]m-[m-\y-ap≈ GXp kwcw-`hpw At±-lsØ IqSmsX \S-∂n-cp-∂n-√.

1956˛¬ As°m-√sØ G‰hpw anI® ]mtZ-inI Ne-®n-X-Øn-\p≈ cmjvS-]-Xn-bpsS sh≈n-sa-U¬ ""\oe-°p-bnen''∂mbn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-f-kn-\n-a-bpsS KXn- Xs∂ am‰n-°p-dn® Cu NnX-Øns‚ \n¿Ωm-Xmhv t^m¿´p-sIm®n kztZ-in-bmb Sn.sI ]co-°p-ń-bpw. FÕn-am-Ã¿,sP.F.B¿ B\-μv, aW-hm-f≥ tPmk v, Xml¿, tPm¨k¨ XpSßnsIm®n-bnse Iem-Im-c-∑m¿ BZy-ambn apJw-Im-Wn--® -]Sw. kulr-Z-b\pw Iem-kvt\-lnbpsa¶nepwhenb hnZym- ym-k-sam-∂p-an-√m-bn-cp-∂]co-°p- n-km-ln-_v Ahm¿Up koI-cn-°p-hm≥ \yq U¬ln-bn¬ t]mIp-tºmƒ Hcp ss[cy-Øn∂v skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn-s\bpw Iqń.

skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn∂v A∂v U¬ln-bn¬ Nne kplr-Øp-°-fp-≠mbn-cp∂p. BIm-i-hm-Wn-bpsS Ad-_n-hn- mK-Øn¬ tPmen sNbvXn-cp∂ tUm: aplvbn±o≥ Bephmbpw Bfl-kp-lrØpw kmln-Xy-Im-c-\p-amb H.]n tPmk^pw A∂-hn-sS-bp-≠v.

B Znh-k-ß-fnsem∂n-emWv C¥y -k-μ¿in-°p∂ kuZn Atd-_y-bnse ss^k¬ cm-Pm-hn∂p ][m-\-a¥n Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp-hns‚ hncp∂v kwL-Sn-∏n-®Xv. Xm¬°-tØmd Km¿U≥kn-em-bn-cp-∂p,AXv. temI-cm-jvS-ß-fpsS Aw_m-k-U¿amcpw tZio-b -t\-Xm-°fpwk∂n-ln-X-cm-Ip∂ B kmbm”hncp-∂n¬ ]s¶-Sp--°phm≥ skbvXpapl-Ω-Zn∂p Hcm-K-lw. £Wn-°-s∏´ AXn-Yn-Iƒ°p amX-ambnHcp°nb \b-X-¥-hn-cp-∂m-Wv.

tUm. aplvbn-±o≥ Bep-hm -h-gn- skbvXp apl-ΩZv c≠p £W-°-Øp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®p. IqsS Nßm-Xn-bmb H.]n tPmk-^n-s\bpwIqń. ]Xo-£n-®-Xp-t]mse Xs∂ hnh-n[-cm-Py-ß-fpsS ]Xn-]p-cp-j-∑m-cpw tIμ-a-¥n-amcpw D∂-tXm-tZymKÿ∑mcpw Xm¬°-tØmdKm¿k≥kn¬ \nd-™p. ]th-i-\-I-hm-S-Øn¬ Xs∂ tUm. aplvb-±o≥ ImØp-\n-∂n-cp-∂Xp sIm≠v, kuI-cy-]-Z-amb Ccn-∏nSw In´m≥hnj-an-t°≠n h∂n-√. skbvXp apl-ΩZpw tPmk^pw \n¿±n-jvS-ÿm-\-ß-fn-en-cp-∂p. ]mt\m-]-Nm-c-ßfpw a‰pw apdbv°p \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

s]s´∂v tPmk^v t\m°p-tºmƒ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ ImWm-\n-√. Ca- ]q-ń-Xp-d-°p-∂-Xn-∂n-S-bn¬ Cu Nßm-Xn-sb-hnsS t]mbn?


44


tPmk v Np‰p-]mSpw t\m°n. A¤pXw! AXm kuZn-cm-Pm-hns‚ ap≥]n-en-cn-°p-∂Xv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zs√? Bd-c-bSn Db-c-ap≈ cmPm-hns‚ap≥]n¬ A©-c-b-Sn-°m-c-\mb Cu sNdp-∏-°m-c≥ F¥v sNøp-I-bmWv?t]mt´m-t°m-fp-Ifpw HutZym-KnI \nb-¥-W-ß-fp-sams° ad-I-S∂vCu kml-k-Øn∂p skbvXns\ t]cn-∏n®sX¥mWv?˛ FX Btem-Nn-®n´pw tPmk-^n∂p ]nSn-In-ń-bn-√.

Aev]w Ign™v bmsXm∂pw kw`hn°mØ ań¬, hnI-kn®IÆp-I-fp-ambn skbvXp apl-ΩZv Xncn-s®-Øn. ]cn- -a-tØmsS tPmk vtNmZn®p: ""F¥mWv skbvXp Xm\o-°m-Wn-®Xv?''

""Hm, AXn-s\-¥m-Wn-t∏mƒ! Hcp sNdnb Ipie-]iv\w amXw˛\Ω-sfms° £Wn-°-s∏´ AXn-Yn-I-fs√? AXn-semcp A[n-I-]-kw-K-hp-an-√.''

_m -°n-X-ßsf I≠-t∏mƒas‰m-cn-°¬ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zp-ambn \S-Ønb U¬ln-bm-X-bpsS

IY Bfl-an-X-am-bn-cp∂ taml≥Zmkv Hm¿Ωn-°p∂p: Ccp-hcpw IqSnXe-ÿm\ \K-cnbnse Ncn-X-kvamc-I-ßƒ ImWp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.sNt¶m-´-bn¬ sN∂-t∏mƒ apkvenw eoKvt\Xmhv A_vZp-d-lvam≥_m^-°n-X-ßƒ, kμ¿iI-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ sN∂p-\n¬°p-∂p.skbvXp apl-ΩZv t\scsN∂p kzbw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn.

t]cptI- Xpw _m^Jn Xßƒ skbvZns\ sIń-∏p-W¿∂p-sIm≠v]d™p: ""Hm, \nß-fm-Wt√ skbvZp-ap-l-Ω-Zv! Rm≥ hnNm-cn-®Xv GtXmtImtf-Pn¬ \n∂pw ]ncn™ s]m^-k-dm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv-v''.

]ns∂ Fhn-sS-bmWv Xma-kn-°p-∂-sX∂pw a‰pw tNmZn-®p. Xm≥Xma-kn-°p∂ Ãm¿ tlm -en-te°v £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-bn. Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ cmjvSo-b-t\-Xmhpw Ncn-X-Im-c\pw XΩn-ep≈ IqSn-°mgvN.Ah¿°v ]eXpw kwkm-cn-°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

BhUn-bn¬ \S∂ Ncn-X-]-kn-≤-amb F.-sF.-kn.-kn. ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ skbvXp-ap -l-Ω-Zn -t\m-sSm∏w ]s¶-SpØ kw`-hhpwtaml≥Zmkv Hm¿Ωn-°p∂p: tkmjy-enÃv amXr-I-bn-ep≈ Hcp kaq-l-sØ-bmWv tIm¨K v hn`m-h\w sNøp-∂-sX∂ s\lvdp-hns‚]tabw hfsc N¿®sNø-s∏- -Xm-W-t√m. ae-bmfn kam-P-Øns‚ kzoI-c-W-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ]d™p: tkmjy-en-Ãv ]mt‰-W√; tkmjy-enÃv skmssk‰n Xs∂-bmWv e£y-sa∂v tIm¨K vAwKo-I-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.


45


Ggmw \º¿ apdn-bnse t]X-_m[Ct∏mƒ F¨]-Øn-\mep hb- p-Im-c-\mb taml≥Zm-kns‚

Hm¿Ω-bn¬ \n∂v as‰mcp kw`-hw-IqSn:

1967˛¬ F.-F.-sIm-®pÆn amÃ¿ Kpcp-hm-bq-cnse tIm¨K vÿm\m¿∞n-bmbn a’-cn-°p-∂p. sXc-s™-Sp∏v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°mbnkplr-Ømb sI.-_n.-Ip-am-c≥, Xs‚ Ipam¿ SmIvko-kn¬ \n∂v aq∂vImdp-Iƒ hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. Ah-bn¬ H∂v FXn¿ ÿm\m¿∞n-bpsS Imdp-ambn Iqńapń XI¿∂p. as‰mcp Imdp-ambn DS-s\-X-s∂skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-t\bpw Iqń Kpcp-hm-bq-cn-te°v sN√-W-sa∂v amÃ¿,taml≥Zm-kns\ t^mWn¬ hnfn-®-dn-bn-®p.

t£X-\S Xpd-°p∂ ka-b-Øp-Xs∂ taml≥Zmkv Imdp-ambnKpcp-hm-bq-cn-seØn; IqsS skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zp-ap-≠v. At∏mƒ Zmkn-s∂m-cm-K-lw. sIm®pÆn amÃ-dpsS hnP-b-Øn\p th≠ ]qPm-Zn-I¿Ω--ß-sfms° \S-Ø-Ww. s\ø- n-tj-Iw, ]me- n-tj-Iw, shÆ-\n-thZyw XpS-ßnb ]qPm-I¿Ω-ßƒ°p≈ ]W-a-S-®p. "sIm®pÆn'sb∂v t]cp-]-d-™-t∏mƒ im¥n-°m-c\v kwibw tXm∂n-bn-√; sIm®pÆn F∂ t]¿lnμp-°-fn-ep-ap-≠-t√m. F∂m¬ \£XtasX∂v tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ Aev]-sam∂v ]X-dn. sIm®p-Æn-am-Ã-dpsS \£Xw B¿°-dnbmw! Hcp-]mbwtXm∂n. ]≈p-cpØn kztZ-in-bm-Wt√m amÃ¿. ]≈p-cp-Øn t£X-Ønse atlm-’hw `c-Wn-bn-em-Wv. taml≥Zmkv Aßs\ sIm®p-Æn-am-Ã-dpsS "P∑-\-£-X'hpw ]d™p: `cWn.

CsXm∂pw I≠v CjvS-s∏-SmsX \n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. "sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ sIm®p-Æn-am-Ã¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒtaml≥Zm-kns\ skbvXp Ifn-bm°n: \nßƒ Kpcp-hm-bq-c-∏s\ ]‰n-°m≥ ian-®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv tXm‰p-t]m-bXv!

A∂v Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ C∂-sØ-t]mse B[p-\nIkuI-cy-ap≈tlm´-ep-I-sfm-∂p-an-√. ]Sn-™msd \S-bn-ep≈ Hcp tlm´-en-emWvAh¿ apdn-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv˛ Ggmw \º¿ apdn. taml≥Zmkv ]Xn-hp-t]msec≠v s]§v aZy-]n-®n-´mWv Dd-ßm≥ InS-∂Xv; ]mXn-cmXn Btcm Igp-Øn¬ ]nSn®v izmkw apń-°p-∂-Xv t]mse tXm∂nb Zmkv sRń-bp-W¿∂p.

skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv sse‰n-´v hnhcw Xnc-°n. "h√ kz]v\hpw I≠-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Ipd®v sh≈w IpSn®v kzÿ-am-bp-d-ßpI'˛ F∂p-]-d-™n´v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv hnf-°-W-®p-In-S-∂p. H∂p-c≠v aWn-°q¿ Ign-™-t∏mƒ skbvZp-ap-l-ΩZv Ae-dn-°-c™pW¿∂p. Zmkn\v A\p-`-h-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ ]bm-k-ßƒ.


46


Zmkv ]d™p: ""Rm≥ K-hXvKoX hmbn-®n v InS-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWvc£-s∏- -Xv. skbvXp Jp¿-B≥ hmbn-®n v InS-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ CXv kw -hn-°n-√m-bn-cp-∂p.''

AXn∂v skbvXn\v adp-]-Sn-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p: ""Bflmhpw a\ pwico-chpw ip≤-am-°n-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ hmbn-t°-≠-Xv. Xm≥ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse c≠v s]§v aZyhpw Ign®v KoX hmbn-®n´v F¥m Imcyw?''

]nt‰∂v Kpcp-hm-bq¿ Su¨ πm\nwKv Hmô-k-dmb KwKm-[-c≥h∂-t∏mƒ tNmZn®p: Ggmw \º¿ apdn-b-√msX \nßƒ°v thsdapdnsbm∂pw Inń-bnt√? Xncph√-°m-cmb Imap-Io-Im-ap-I≥am¿ ]W-b-ss\-cmiyw _m[n®v s]m´mkyw kb-ss\Uv Ign®v acn-®Xv Cuapdn-bn-em-Wv, HcmgvN apºv!

AØcw A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√m-bn-cp∂ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZvkzX-:kn-≤-amb ]p©n-cn-tbmsS AXv tIń-cp-∂-tX-bp-≈q.


47


\mev:

kwLm-S-I≥

kvIqƒ ]T-\-Im-eØp Xs∂ \s√mcp kwLm-S-I≥ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn¬ P\n®p Ign-™n-cp-∂p. hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS hmb-\m-ioew h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥ tjmS-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p XpS-°w. ]n∂oSv a¿±n-X-]-£-Øp-\n-∂p, kap-Zm-b-Ønse ]am-Wn-am¿s°-Xnsc km[p-kw-c-£W kan-Xn-sb∂ kwL-S-\bv°v cq]w \¬In. P∑n-am-cp-sSbpw t]meo-kp-tZym-K-ÿ-∑m-cp-sSbpw `oj-Wnsb \n¿`bw t\cn-´p-sIm-≠mbncp∂p kan-Xn-bpsS ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ. ÃpU≥kv tIm¨K-kns‚ ]h¿Ø-I≥ F∂\ne-bn¬ sImSp-ß-√q-cnepw sIm®n-bnepw ]kw-K-hp-ambn \S-ØnbbmX-Iƒ At±-l-Øn\v hf-sc-tbsd A\p-`-h-]m-T-ßƒ \¬In.tIm¨Kkv t\Xmhv apl-ΩZv A_vZp¿dlvam≥ km-ln-_n\vv C¥y≥apkvenw aPvenkns‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ \¬Inb kzoI-c-W-Øns‚kqX-[m-c≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zm-bn-cp-∂p. aXn-eIw _m¶p-ssa-Xm-\n-bn¬tN¿∂ kzoI-cW tbmK-Øns‚ A≤y-£\pw ]Xn-s\´p hb p amX-ap≈ A\m-KXivaip-hmb B ]ø-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

1953˛¬ ]≈p-cp-Øn¬ Hcp amk-tØmfw \o≠p-\n∂ io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp iXm-_vZn-bmWv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ kwL-S\mssh`hwsXfn-bn® as‰mcp kw`-hw. A°m-eØv ]X]h¿Ø-\-hp-ambnAt±lw sIm®nbn¬ kPo-h-am-Wv. sIm®pÆn amÃ¿, cmL-h≥h°o¬, hniz-\m-Y≥ h°o¬ XpS-ßn-b-h-tcm-sSm∏w Kpcp-i-Xm_vZnh¿tÆm-Pz-e-am-°phm≥ cm∏-I-en-√msX A-t±lw HmSn-\-S-∂p. iXm-_vZn-bm-tLm-j-ß-tfm-S-\p-_-‘n®v hyXykvX hnj-b-ß-fn¬ \S∂


48


ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ skbvXp-ap -l-Ω-Zns‚ kwL-S\m ssien-bpsSthdns´mcp amXr-I-bm-bncp-∂p. ]n¬°m-eØv CXv hnI-kn®phcp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw.

sIm®n Xpd-apJ sXmgn-emfn bqWn-bs‚ hm¿jnIw ]am-Wn®vkwL-Sn-∏n-®n-cp∂ kmlnXykmwkvIm-cnI ktΩ-f\ßfpsS ]n∂nseNme-I-i-‡nbpw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Xs∂. IqenIqSp-X-en-\p-th≠nkacw \S-ØpI amX-a√, kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fn¬ Xmev]-cy-ap-≠m-°p-I- IqSn tSUv bqWn-b-\p-I-fp-sS- I-S-a-bm-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hmWv AXn-\-t±-lsØ t]cn-∏n-®-Xv. CXn-\Iw kn.-‰n.-‰n.bp t\Xm-°-fpsS Bfl-kplrØmbn°gn-™n-cp-∂XpsIm≠vAh-cpsS F√m-hn-[-Øn-ep-ap≈ ]n¥p-Wbpw e`n-®p. Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw ]Z¿i-\-ßfpw hnt\m-Z-ß-fp-sa√mw sXmgn-em-fnIƒ°v A\y-a-s√∂pw AØcw k¿§m-fl-I-X-bneqsS thWw Ah-cpsS I¿Ωtijn-sbbpw kwLt_m-[-sØbpw DtØ-Pn-∏n-°m-s\∂pw At±-l-Øn-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp∂p. amX-a-√, bqWn-b≥ sI´n-S-Øn¬ sXmgn-emfn]ÿm\Kth-jWhn`mKhpw BXp-c-tk-h\ Kth-jW hn`mKhpw XpS-ßp-hm-\pw kmaq-ly-t£a]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-∏m-°p-hm\pw t]cn-∏n-®Xv a‰m-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

tIc-f-ln-Ãdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥Ae-k-\mb a\p-jys‚ a\ v sNIp-Øms‚ ]h¿Ø-\-cw-K-am-

sW∂pw XSm-Iw-t]mse \n›-e-amb PohnXw ac-W-Xp-ey-am-sW∂pwHcp \Zo-]-hm-l-sa-t∂mWw Ne-\m-fl-I-amb Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS amXtaa\p -jym -kvXnXzw km¿∞-I-am -hp -I-bp -≈p-sh∂pap≈ Nn¥skbvXpapl-Ω-Zns‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øn-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw. FX \n w-K-\mb Bsfbpw I¿Ω-\n-c-X-\m-°p∂ Hcp Im¥i‡n. Hcn-°epw AXvB[n-]Xyhmk-\-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√. kulrZw \nd™ s]cp-am-‰-am-bn -cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ssi-en. \¿Ω-t_m-[hpwBflm¿∞-Xbpw sIm≠v kplr-Øp-°sf ]h¿Ø-\-cw-K-Øn-d-°p-hm-\p≈ khn-ti-j-amb Ign-hv, tIcf lnÃdn Atkm-kntbj≥, ka-kvX-tI-cf kmln-Xy-]-cn-jØv, tIc-f-km-lnXy A°m-Z-an, tIc-f-K-Ÿ-im-em-kw-Lw, kwkvIrX ]cn-j-Øv, tIc-f-kw-KoX \mSI A°m-Z-an, sIm¶n-Wn-`m-jm-]-cn-j-Øv, tIc-f-ss^≥ B¿Svkv skmssk-‰n,tIcf Iem-a-fiew, C≥tUm˛ CdmJv kmwkvIm-cnI kan-Xn XpSßnkwÿm-\hym-]-I-amb ]e kwL-S-\-I-fp-sSbpw ]h¿Ø\]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°v cq]w \¬Ip-∂-Xnepw t\XrXzw \¬Ip-∂-Xnepw At±lw kPo-h-amb ]¶p hln-®p.


49


F∂m¬ -sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_ns‚ I¿Ω-tijn, AXns‚]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ A]-l-cn-®Xv tIc-fm-ln-Ãdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚]h¿Ø-\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. 1945-˛¬ tIcf CXn-lmk kanXn F∂t]cn¬, tImam-´n¬ A®p-X-ta-t\ms‚ ia-^-e-ambn cq]w-sIm-≠ Ncn-X-kw-L-S-\-sb, 1956 ¬ tIc-f -ln-Ãdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ F∂ t]cn¬]p\¿\ma-I-cWw sNbvXv, Hcp ]ÿm-\-am°n am‰n-bXv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-sam-∂p- amXamWv.

tUm. tPm¨ aØm-bn-bm-bn-cp∂p lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚BZy- ]-kn-U≠v. ]n∂oSv s]m^.-]n.-F-kv.-th-em-bp-[≥ B ÿm\-ta-s‰-Sp-Øp. c≠p ]Xn-‰m≠p Ime-tØmfw Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ P\:-sk-I-´-dn-bmbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®p-sIm≠v, AXns\ tIc-f-ØnseD÷ze-amb Hcp kmwkvImcnI]ÿm-\-am°n skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn.

Ncn-X-sa-∂Xv GXm\pw ]fin-X-∑m-cpsS _u≤nIhymbm-a-am-sW∂ [mcW skbvXp apl-ΩZv Xncp-Øn-°p-dn-®p. \nc¥c-am-b- N-cn-X-K-th-j-W-tØm-sSm∏w, kPo-h-amb skan-\m-dp-I-fneqsS hyXy-kvX-amb NcnXho£-W-ßƒ ]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ thZnbm°pIF∂Xv kwL-S-\-bpsS e-£y-ß-fn-sem-∂mbn At±lw Icp-Xn. AtXm-sSm∏w NcnXkw`-h-ß-fpsS BtLm-jß-fn-eqsS CØcw hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v km[m-cW P\-ßsf t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pwAt±-l-Øn-\p XnI™ t_m[y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B[n-Im-cnIhpw ka-K-hp-amb Hcp tIcfNcnXw cNn-t°-≠-Xn\pw XpS°w apX¬ At±lwi≤n-®p. CXn-s\ms° th≠Xv hyh-ÿm-]n-X-amb ]h¿Ø\coXn-bm-sW∂v a\- n-em°n 1965- ¬ Xncp-sIm®n en‰d-dn, kb‚n- nIv B‚ vNmcn-‰-_nƒ skmssk-‰okv dPn-kvtS-j≥ BIvSv ]Imcw cPn-Ã¿sNøp-I-bmWv BZy-ambn sNbvX-Xv. kz¥w \nebv°pw a‰p kmwkvIm-cnI ÿm]-\-ßfpw k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-I-fp-ambn kl-I-cn®pw ]h¿Øn-®m¬ amXta Cu cwKØv Xm\p-t±-in-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ ]ptcm-KXnssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈p-sh∂v At±-l-Øn\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Ncn-X-sk-an-\m-dp-Iƒ1965 sabv 16,17,18 Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ Fd-Wm-Ipfw alm-cm-Pmkv tImtf-

Pn¬, tIcf lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tbj-s‚bpw tIc-f-bq-Wn-th-gvkn-‰n-bp-sSbpw B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® lnÃdn I¨sh≥j≥ A`q-X-]q¿Δ-amb kw`-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m-cpsS H‰-s∏´ Kth-j-W-ß-fpsS ^e-ambn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ Ncn-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-sem-Xp-ßn-bn-cp∂ Ncn-X-c-N-\, s]mXpthZn-bn¬ N¿® sNtø≠ H∂m-sW∂v A∂p-


50


hsc B¿°pw tXm∂n--bn-cp-∂n-√. A∂sØ tIcfm Kh¿Æ¿ F.-]n.-P-bn-\mWv ktΩ-f\w DZvLm-S\w sNbvX-Xv. tIcfm k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bpsS sshkv Nm≥ke¿ tUm.-km-ap-h¬ aØmbn, ]\-ºn≈n tKmhn-μ-ta-t\m≥, PÃnkv hn.-B¿ IrjvW-ø¿, s]m^: ]n.-F-kv.-th-em-bp-[≥, tUm.-Fw.-Pn.-F-kv.-\m-cm-b-W≥, tUm.-Sn.-sF-.]p-∂≥, tUm.-kn.sI.Icow, Fkv i¶p Aø¿, sI.-sI.-]n≈, tUm.-C-_mlnw Ip™v, tUm.-Sn.-sI.-c-ho-μ≥, Fw.H tPmk-^v, F.-io-[-c-ta-t\m≥, sI.-a-tl-iz-c≥\mb¿ XpSßn tIc-f-Ønse ]-ikvX ]fin-Xcpw Ncn-X-Im-c-∑mcpw]s¶-SpØ skan-\m¿ tIcfNcn-X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]e ]iv\-ß-fn-te°pw shfn®w hoin. skan-\m-dn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ ]_-‘-ßƒ lnÃdn Hm¨ Z am¿®v F∂ t]cn¬ lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

1969- ¬ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® B¿°n-tbm-fPn skan-\m¿KthjWwt]mse XnI®pw A°m-Z-an-I-amb hnjbw s]mXpP\-ß-fpsS apºn¬ N¿®bv°v shbv°pI F∂ ]pXp-a-bp≈ kw`-h-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw hnP-b-I-c-am-bn. tIc-f-Ønse Hcp \yq\-]-£ -`m-j-mk-ap-Zm-b-amb sImßn-Wn-I-fpsS `mj-sbbpw kwkvIm-c-tØbpw tZiobi≤-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\v a´m-t©cn-bn¬ tbmKyss] \mcm-bWss]kvamcI KŸ-imebpambn kl-I-cn®v 1971-˛¬ lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ kwL-Sn-∏n® Hmdn-b‚¬ dntk¿®v skan-\m¿ klm-b-I-am-bn. C∂v sImßnWn `mjbv°v C¥y-bn¬ kap-∂-X-amb ÿm\-ap-≠v.

C¥y≥ kzmX-¥y-e-_v[n-bpsS cP-X-Pq-_n-en-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n®v1972˛¬ Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv skan-\m¿ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw Atkm-kn-tb-j-\mWv ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv. kzmX¥yka-c-Øns‚ ImWm-∏p-d-ß-sf-°p-dn®v bph-P-\-ßsf DZv_p-≤-cm-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p e£yw.

sIm¶n-Wn-Isft∏mse-Øs∂ hfsc \yq\-]-£-amb Hcp kap-Zm-b-amWv ssP\-cp-tS-Xpw. tIcf kwkvIm-c-Øn\p hne-s∏´ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Inb ssP\-cpsS ss]Xr-I-ßsf s]mXpkaq-l-Øn\pt_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\mWv h¿≤-am\ alm-ho-cs‚ 25-00-˛mw \n¿Δm-W-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v 1974-˛¬ a´m-t©-cn-bn¬ skan-\m¿ kwL-Sn-∏n-®Xv.tIc-f-Ønse a‰p Nne ]tZ-i-ß-fnepw \n¿Δm-tWm-tLmjw \S-∂p-sh-¶nepw lnÃdn Atkm-kntbj≥ ap≥ssI-sb-SpØv kwL-Sn-∏n®a´m-t©cn skan-\mdmWv IqSp-X¬ P\-i-≤-bm-I¿jn-®-Xv. CsX-√mw_lp-kz-c-X-bp-tSbpw a-X-ku-lm¿±-Øn-s‚bpw ]pXnb BIm-i-ßƒIs≠-Øm≥ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-´p-sh-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.


51


kn\-tKm-Kns‚ NXp-»-Xm_vZnCXn-se-√m-ap-]cnbmbn skbvXp apl-ΩZv F∂ kwLm-S-Is‚

Ign-hp-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb H∂m-bn-cp-∂p lnÃdnAtkm-kn-tb-j≥ ap≥ssIsbSpØv 1968 Unkw-_¿ 15 apX¬ 19 hscsIm®nbn¬ \S-Ønb kn\-tKm-Kns‚- \m\qdmw hm¿jnIw. c≠m-bncwh¿jw ap≥]v sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ IpSn-tbdn ]m¿Ø PqX-∑m¿ 16- mw \q‰m-≠n¬ t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cpsS BI-a-W-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v sIm®n-bn-te°vamdn-Øm-a-kn-®-t∏mƒ, sIm®n alm-cm-Pmhv Zm\-ambn \¬Inb ÿeØvÿm]n® PqX-∏-≈n-bpsS Ncn-X-]m[m\yw A¥m-cmjvSXe-Øn-te°vsIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\v ]tbm-P-\-s∏-´p. C¥y-bnse PqX-∑m-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn-te°v shfn®w hoip∂ ]T-\m¿l-amb ]_-‘-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n® skan-\m-dp-I-fn¬ C¥y-bpsS hnhn-[- m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v \m\q-tdmfw]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. hntZi cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂v h∂-h¿ Ccp-∂qtdmfw t]cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. s]m^: skKmƒ, tUm.-hmƒ´¿^nj¬ XpS-ßnb ]K¤ Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m¿ ]s¶-SpØ BtLmj ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ a´mt©cn s\lp-sa-tΩm-dn-b¬ Su¨lm-fn¬ DXvLm-S\wsNbvXXv A∂sØ ][m-\-a¥n Cμn-cm-Km-‘n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

G‰hpw HSp-hn-embn tIc-f-Øns‚ \m\m`mK-ß-fn¬ \n∂v A™q-dn¬∏cw _p≤n-Po-hn-Iƒ ]s¶-SpØ lcn-P≥ skan-\m¿ \S-∂XvskbvXp apl-ΩZv A¥-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v c≠p amkw apºv, 1975 HIvtSm-_-dn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Km‘n-P-b¥n Zn\-Øn¬ Xs∂ \S∂ B ktΩ-f\wAh-K-Wn-°-s∏´ lcn-P-\-ß-fpsS `qX-Ime kmwkvImcnI]mc-º-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]fin-X-∑m-cp-sS IÆv Xpd-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

Bkq-XWssh`-h-tØmsS ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ hn`m-h\w sNøm\pwss[j-WnI]cn-th-j-tØmsS D÷z-e-ambn ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m\pwBflm¿∞-ambn ]h¿Øn-®-XmWv skbvXp apl-ΩZns‚ t\´w. Ncn-X-tØmSpw kwkvIm-c-tØm-Sp-ap≈ kPo-h-amb Xmev]cyw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p AXn\p Imc-Ww. blq-Z-cmbmepw ssP-\-cm-bmepw kmc-kzX_m“-W-cm-bmepw tIc-fob kwkvIm-csØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬Ah¿ hln® ]¶ns\ AhKWn°p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Cu \yq\-]£kaq-l-ß-fpsS kl-I-cWw lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ a‰p ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v e`n-°p-hm≥ amX-a√, hyXykvX kap-Zmbßsf ]c-kv]cw Adn-bp-∂Xn\pw Iq´n-bn-W-°p-∂-Xn\pw ]me-ambnh¿Øn-°m\pw CØcw kwcw-`-ßƒ henb tXmXn¬ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Cu kap-Zm-bß-fnse ]apJ t\Xm-°-fp-ambpw _p≤n-Po-hn-I-fp-ambpw skbv-Xp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ kulrZw hep-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.


52


skbvXpapl-Ω-Zns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Bep-h, Gd-Wm-Ip-fw, Be-∏p-g, tImgn-t°m-Sv, ]me-°mSv F∂o tIμ-ß-fn¬ \S-Ønb Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dp-I-sfbpw 1971¬ Xncq-c-ßm-Sn-bn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® am∏nfkmlnXy skan-\m-dn-s\bpw Ipdn®v as‰mcp A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v.

alm-Ihn h≈-tØmƒ \mcm-b-W-tam-t\m-s‚ P∑iXm_vZnsIm≠m-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ia-ßƒ°n-S-bn-embncp∂p BtLm-j-I-Ωn‰nI¨ho-\-dmbncp∂ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ AIm-e-hn-tbmKw. C¥y-bpsStZiob Ihn F∂ \ne-bn¬ h≈-tØmfn\v cmjvSm-¥-cob-amb AwKo-Imcw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ hn]p-e-amb BtLm-j-]-cn-]m-Sn-IƒAt±lw hn`m-h\w sNbvXp. AXn-∂-\p-kr-X-ambn Hcp s]mPIvSpwXøm-dm-°n-bn-cp-∂p. IY-I-fn-bpsS \thm-∞m-\-Øn\p Imc-W-°m-c-\mbh≈-tØm-fns‚ ]q¿Æ-Imb]Xna sNdp-Xp-cp-Øn-bnse Iem-a-fi-e-Øn¬ amX-a√ hnhn[ temI Xe-ÿm-\-ß-fnepw ÿm]n-°p-hm-\p≈]≤-Xn-Ifpw Bkq-XWw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ h≈-tØmƒ iXm_vZn BtLm-j-ßƒ°v F¥p kw`-hn®pF∂v tIcfw I≠-dn-™-Xm-W-t√m. At±lw hn`m-h\w sNbvX-Xns‚\ng¬ t]m-ep-ap-≠m-°m≥ Ahbv°v Ignt™m F∂v kwi-b-am-Wv.

Xm≥ G‰-hp-a-[nIw kvt\ln-®n-cp∂ tIc-fm-ln-Ãdn Atkm-kn-tb-j∂v kz¥-am-bn Hcp sIńSap≠m-bn-°m-Wphm\pw kwL-S-\-bpsSB`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ Hcp ]pcm-hkvXp ayqkn-bhpw F∏n-Km- nIv kvIqfpwÿm]n-°p-hm\pw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv hf-sc-tbsd BK-ln-®n-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j∂p sIń-S-ap-≠m-sb-¶nepw AXv ImWm-\p-≈`mKy-ap-≠m-bn-√. ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv satΩm-dn-b¬ _n¬UnwKvFd-Wm-Ipfw tlmkv]-n‰¬ tdmUn-∂- n-ap-J-ambn, -Xe Db¿Øn \n¬°p-∂Xns‚ aq∂m-asØ \ne-bn-emWv C∂v tIcf lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ Hmô-kv.

kmlnXy ]cn-jØvtIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvImcnINcn-X-Øn¬ kakvX tIcf

kmlnXy ]cn-j-Øn-\p≈ ÿm\w FSpØp]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. Bcw- -Ime_mem-cn-jvS-X-I-fn¬ ]cn-j-Øns\ ipiq-jn®v ]cn-c-£n® D≈q-cn-s‚-bpw Pn.- i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏n-s‚-bpw Ime-L-´-Øn-\p-tijw Xf¿®-bp-sS-bpw]X-\-Øn-s‚-bpw Hcp Ccp≠ Zim-k‘n A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. ]apJkmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿ Xs∂ ]cn-j-Øns\ ]c-ky-am-sb-Xn¿°p-IbpwAXns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-tfmSv \n -lI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-ap-ºp-≠m-bn-ń-√mØ hn[w i‡-amb hogvN-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.


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IS-s°Wn amX-a√ tIkp-sI-´p-ambn tImSXn \nc-tß≠n h∂Imew. ]cn-j-Øns‚ IpSn-bn-cp∏p ÿew kzm[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Nne¿\S-Ønb KqV-iaw aW-Ø-dn™v, AXn-s\-Xnsc s]mcpXn ]cn-j-Øns‚ Ah-Imiw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv hln® ]¶vhμy-h-tbm-[n-I-\mbncp∂ Sn.Fw.NpΩm¿ FSp-Øp-]-d-™n-´p-≠v.

IS-emkv hmßnb sNń-bm¿°v sXm v ]Ww ]enibv°p \¬InbsIm®n-X-ºp-cm∂v hsc IS-s°-Wn-bn¬ apßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p, ]cn-j-Øv.Cu EW-_m-[y-X-bn¬ \n∂v HSp-hn¬ ap‡n t\Sn-bXv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Hcp Iq´w bphkmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cpsS ia-^-e-am-bn´m-Wv. BPoh-\mw-K-ßsf kwL-Sn-∏n®v IS-_m-[y-X-IƒXo¿°m≥ Ign-™-t∏mƒ Xs∂ kzmÿyw hos≠-Sp-°m≥ Ign-™p.AXp-t]m-se- AI-∂p-I-gn™ Fgp-Øp-Im-sc-sb√mw kulr-Z-Øns‚bpw BXvvam¿∞-X-bp-sSbpw ssIIƒ \oń ho≠pw ]cn-j-Øp-ambn hen-®-Sp-∏n-°p∂Xnepw a‰mtc°mfpw ap≥\n∂v ]h¿Øn®XpwskbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zm-Wv. s]m^.-kp-Ip-am¿ Agot°mSv, t]m™n-°cdm^n, kn.-]n.-io-[-c≥, H.-]n-.tPm-k- v, Sm‰m-]pcw kpIp-am-c≥,- B¿ńÃvcmL-h≥ \mb¿ XpS-ßnb ]ikvX kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cpsS Hcp \ncXs∂ ]cn-jØv t\Xr-Xz-Øn-te°v h∂p. Fd-Wm-Ip-fØpw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØpw tImgn-t°m´pw Imk¿t°m´pw sImSp-ß-√qcnepw Znh-k-ß-tfmfw \o≠p-\n∂ ]cn-jØv hm¿jn-I-k-tΩ-f-\-ßƒ kmwkvIm-cnItIc-f-Øns‚ ssNX-\yw ]I¿∂ D’-h-ß-fm-bn.

kmln-Xy-]-cn -j-Øns‚ A≤y-£-ÿm\w kzoI-cn -°m\pwXpS¿∂p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im\pw th≠ a\- m-∂n[yw X\n°p \¬Inb]_-e-amb t]cW skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v kpIp-am¿Ago-t°mSv Xpd∂p]d-™n- p-≠v. skbvXns‚ t]c-W-bn¬ hniz-kn®v]h¿Øn-°msa∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ ss[cyw. ""skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv a‰p ]e cwK-ß-fnepw hfsc henb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ sNbvXkvacWob hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚ \thm-∞m\Ncn-X-Øn∂v At±lw \¬Inb kw`m-h-\- Ah-tb-°m-sf√mwal-Ø-c-am-sW∂v Rm≥-˛-A-√, Rßƒ hf-sc-t∏¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.''

Xs‚ Bÿm-\-amb tIcf lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ Hmô-kn¬ \n∂v hnfn-∏m-S-I-se-bp≈ kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚ Zb-\o-b-ambAh-ÿ, kmwkvIm-cnI]h¿Ø\w Pohn-X-N-cy-bm-°nb B henba\p-jys\ Akz-ÿ-\m-°n-sb-¶n¬ AXv kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-X-s∂-bmWv ]cn-j-Øns‚ btim-[m-hmfyw hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v t\XrXzw \¬Ip-hm\pw Hcp hymg-h-´-°m-esØia-^-e-ambn AXns\ ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-™-Xv. ]gb ]mc-º-


54


cy-Øns‚ Hm¿ΩI-fbhn-d°n \njvIn-b-cmbn Ign-bp∂ apSn™ Xd-hm-Sp-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp∂p tIc-f-Ønse Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS Cu kwL-S--\. acn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Hcp kmln-Xy-]-ÿm\sØ, kz¥w Poh-s\-t∏mepw Ah-K-Wn®v hni-a-an-√msX ]Wn-Xn-´mWv At±lapƒs∏-sS-bp-≈-h¿ ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-®-Xv.

lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ Xmev°m-enIsIńSw apgp-an-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚ sIń-S-\n¿ΩmWw Xs‚ as‰mcpPohnXZuXy-am-bmWv At±lw I≠-Xv. sIm®n \K-c-Øns‚ lrZ-b-`m-KØv kz¥-am-bp≈ 26 sk‚ v ÿeØv, 10 e£w cq] ap-S°n˛A∂-sXmcp henb kwJy-bm-Wv ˛ Hcp _lp-\n-e-sI-ńSw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Btem-Nn-°p-hm≥ Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv hn]p-e-amb HcpktΩ-f\w hnfn-®p-Iq-´p-hm\pw A∂v Pn√m Ie-IvS-dm-bn-cp∂ Fkv.-Ir-jvW-Ip-am-dns‚ klm-b-tØmsS ]mtbm-Kn-I-amb Hcp s]mPIvSv Xøm-dm-°m-\p-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ BZy iaw.

KŸ-im-em-kw-Lhpw Iem-a-fi-ehpwtIc-f-K-Ÿ-imem kwL-Øns‚ `c-W-k-an-Xnbnepw FIvkn-Iyq-

óhv IΩ-‰n-bnepw "KŸ-mtemIw' ]Xm-[n-]-k-an-Xn-bnepw AwK-am-bn-cp∂ skbvXp-aplΩZv, KŸ-ime]ÿm-\-Øn\p th≠nbpw Xs‚hnes∏´ kabw sNe-h-gn®p. 1974-˛¬ Fd-Wm-Ip-f-Øp-sh®p \S∂KŸ-im-em-kwLw hm¿jn-I-k-tΩ-f\w hnP-bn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ ]¶v hep-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Imc-W-h-cmb ]n.-F≥.-]-Wn-°sct∏mep-≈-hsc kaq-l-Øn\p ap∂n¬ BZ-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v e`n-°p∂ Ah-k-c-sam∂pw At±lw ]mgm-°n-bn-√. kwL-Øns‚ as‰mcpkap-∂X t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂ ]n.-Sn. -`m-kvI-c-∏-Wn-°¿ ]d-bp-∂Xvt\m°pI:

""KŸ-im-em-kwL-Øn-\-IØv GXm-s≠mcp ]Xn-]£ a\ÿnXn-tbmsS-bmWv Hcp Iq´¿ s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv. \√-sX-¥n-s\bpw FXn¿°pw.hnπ-h-hm-bm-Sn-Ø-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Kh¨sa‚ns\ th≠-Xn\pw th≠m-Ø-Xn\pw hna¿in-°pw. Cu AS-hp-I-sf-sb√mw cmjvSo-b-ambpw kwL-S-\m-]-c-ambpw t\cn--Sm≥ skbvXp-ap--l-Ω-Zn\v Ign-™p. IΩ‰n-I-fn¬A[n-Isam∂pw At±lw kwkm-cn-°p-I-bn-√. h√msX s]mdpXnapń-bm¬ Fgp-t∂¬°pw. ]ns∂ Bscbpw hnSn-√. Xpd-s∂-Xn¿°pw.Cßs\ FXn¿∏v \S-Øn-b-Xp-sIm≠v Bsc-¶nepw hy‡n-]-c-ambn ]ncn-bptam? Ct√-bn-√. ]t£, X\n°v CjvS-s∏-Sm-ØXv Bcv ]d-™mepwAt±lw FXn¿°pw. KŸ-im-em-kw-L-Øn¬ F√m-hcpw _lp-am-\n-°p∂ km£m¬ ]n.-F≥ ]Wn-°-cm-bm¬t]mepw skbvXpap-lΩZvFXn¿°pw. ]s£, tbmKw Ign™v ]Wn-°¿km-dn-s\-°p-dn®v c≠p


55


\√ hm°p ]d-bmsX At±lw t]mIn-√.''

tIc-f-I-em-afi-e-Øns‚ sshkv ]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp∂ ImeØvAXn-\p-th≠n skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv sNbvXn-´p≈ tkh-\-ßƒ \nkvXq-e-am-Wv. Iem-a-fie-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-\mb h≈-tØm-fns‚ P∑-i-Xm-_vZn-bm-tLm-j-°-Ω‰nbpsS P\-d¬ I¨ho-\-dmbn At±-lsØ e`n--®-Xn¬ B kmwkvIm-cnI]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-I-sc-√mw BÀm-Zn-s®-¶nepw At±lw Bkq-XWw sNbvX hn]p-e-amb ]cn-]mSnIƒ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥ hn[n At±-lsØ A\p-h-Zn-®n-√.

AtX-kabw Iem-a-fiew Hcp ]tXyI kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ IpØ-I-bm-°p-∂-Xn-t\mSv At±lw tbmPn-®n-√. Iem-a-fiew sslZ-cm-en-sb-t∏m-ep-≈-hsc t]m¬km-ln-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ÿm]-\-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ssien aX-\n-c-t]-£-am-°p-hm-\mWv At±lw ian-®-Xv.

Gjy-bnse Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS G‰hpw henb kl-I-cW ]ÿm-\-am-bn-cp∂ kmlnXykl-I-cW kwLw ]Xn-k-‘nsb t\cn-´pXpS-ßnb Hcp Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p AXv. Ub-dIvS¿ t_m¿Uv AwK-am-bn-cp∂skbvXp apl-ΩZv hy‡n-]-c-amb CjvSm-\n-jvS-ßƒ kwL-Øns‚s]mXp-Xm-ev]-cy-Øn\v lm\n-I-c-am-bn-Øo-c-cp-sX∂ A`n-]m-b-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. kzm[o-\-an-√mØ Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS KŸ-ßƒ hmbn®pt\m°pI t]mepw sNømsX Xncn-®-b-°p∂ ]h-WX Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm\pw A¿l-cmb ]pXnb Fgp-ØpImsc t]m’m-ln-∏n-°m\pwAt±lw Ign-bp-∂-sX√mw sNbvXp. kwL-Øns‚ ]tbm-P\w kmln-Xy-Ønse Xºp-cm-°∑m¿°p amX-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-t\mSvtbmPn-°p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\p km[y-am-bn-cp∂n√. F∂m¬ Xm≥HutZym-Kn-I-ÿm\w hln-°p∂ Ime-b-f-hn-¬ kwL-sØ-s°m≠vXs‚ ]pkvXIßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ At±lw ]tXyIwi≤n-®p.- A-s∂ms° skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ Xr»q-cnseId‚ v _pIvkv hgn-bmWv ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Fkv.-]n.-kn.-F-kv.Ub-d-IvS¿ ÿm\w Hgn-™-Xn-\p-tijw amX-amWv At±-l-Øns‚ "Ncn-X-k-©mcw' F∂ IrXn kwLw ]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

amXr- qan No^v FUn-‰-dm-bn-cp∂ sI.-F.-Zm-tam-Z-c-ta-t\ms‚ A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ anI® Hcp kwLm-S-I-\m-bn-cp∂p skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv.Ign™ aq∂p hymg-h- -°m-e-ambn Fd-Wm-Ip-fØpw sIm®n-bnepw Ac-tß-dnb ]e kmwkvIm-cn-Im-tLm-j-ß-fp-tSbpw kqX-[m-c≥ skbvXpapl-Ω-Zm-bn-cp-∂p. ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Bkq-XWw sNøm\pw AXns\A¥¿t±-iob ]m[m\yw \evI-Ø-°-hn[w cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p-ap≈Hcp ]tXyI Ignhv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]e BtLm-


56


j-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sSbpw Bcw`w apX¬ Ah-km\w hsc F√mw Bkq-XWw sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Ncn-XsØ P\-Io-b-am-°n. kmwkvIm-cn-I-cw-K-Øv B¿÷h-ap-≠m-°n. h≈-tØmƒiXm-_vZn-bm-tLmjßƒ°mbn ka¿∏n® t]mPIvSv At±-l-Øns‚Zo¿L-ho-£-W-Øn\v aIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Øns‚kmwkvIm-cnIPohn-X-Øn¬ At±lw AXp-ey-i-‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

kmlnXy A°m-Zan sshkv]-kn-U≠ v1968˛¬ tIc-f-km-lnXy A°m-Z-an-bpsS ]kn-U-≠mbn Ip‰n-

∏pgIrjvW-]n-≈tbbpw sshkv ]kn-U-≠mbn skbvXp apl-ΩZvkmln-_n-s\bpw t\man-t\‰p sNbvX-t∏mƒ ]e¿°pw Ak-ly-ambntXm∂n. A∂v hnZym- ym-k- -km-wkvIm-cnI hIp∏v a¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ kn.-F®v apl-Ω-ZvtIm-b-bpsS [ochpw \ymb-hp-amb Xocp-am-\-Øns‚ e-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. kmln-Xy-A-°m-Z-an-bpsS Aa-cØv Hcp apkvenw Fgp-Øp-Im-cs\ Ah-tcm-[n-°p∂Xv ]£-]m-X-am-sW∂p ]d™v Ah¿apd-hn-fn-Iq-´n. hmkvXhØn¬ tIc-f-Ønse kmwkvIm-cnIcwKØvAt±lw sNbvXpsIm≠n-cp∂ al-Ømb GtIm-]-\-]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p≈ AwKo-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. kmln-Xy-cw-KsØ ]e sImº-∑mcpw \nc-h[n _ncp-Z-ß-fp≈ A°m-Z-an-jy-∑mcpw IÆp-sh-®n-cp∂ÿm\-am-W-Xv. F∂m¬ FXn¿∏p-Isf Ah-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw FXn-cm-fn-I-sf-t∏mepw Xs‚ ]£-Øm-°p-IbpamWv skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv sNbvX-Xv.

sshkv ]kn-U≠v ÿm\-sam-gn-™n´pw XpS¿®-bmbn aq∂p -X-hW At±lw kmlnXy A°m-Z-an-bpsS \n¿Δm-l-I-k-an-Xn-bw-K-ambntkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®p. C°m-e-a-Xbpw A¿lcpw Ah-i-cp-amb kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿°v Fs¥-¶nepw klm-b-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°m-\-√msXkz¥w Xmev]-cy-ßƒ°p-th≠n Hcn-°epw At±lw H∂pw sNbvXn-´n-√. Xm≥ AwK-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ÿm]-\-ßƒ Xs∂-t∏mse Xs∂ ssNX-\y-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v At±-l-Øn\p \n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

A°m-eØv A°m-Zan skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ ]h-\≥ FgpXn:"kmlnXy A°m-Z-an-bn¬ AwK-amb Ime-a-Xbpw At±-l-Øns‚km∂n-[y-Øns‚ KpW-]-c-amb kZv^-e-ßƒ A°m-Zan A\p-`hn®n-´p-s≠∂v Dd-∏n®p]d-bm-\m-K-ln-°p∂p'

skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_n\v \mev]Xp hb p -am-X-ap-≈-t∏m-gmWv At±lw A°m-Zan D]m-[y-£-\m-Ip-∂Xv. ]mb-°q-Sp-X-ep-≈-hcpw Ccp-Øw -h-∂-hcpw D∂-X-ti-Wn-bn¬ \n¬°p-∂-h-cp-amb "alm-km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿'°v kwh-cWw sNø-s∏´ ÿm\amWv A°m-ZanD]m-[y-£-t‚-sX-∂n-cns° AØcw A¿l-X-I-sfm-∂p-an-√m-Ø Hcmsf


57


X¬ÿm-\Øp \nb-an-®Xv ]¥n-tI-Sm-bns√ F∂ kwi-b-ap-∂-bn-®-h-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw Xß-fpsS FXn¿∏v ]c-ky-am-bn-Øs∂ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬ A°m-Zan ]kn-U≠m-bn-cp∂ s]m^. Ip‰n-∏p-gbv°v AXn¬ Hc-kp-Jhpw tXm∂n-bn-√. F¥vFXn¿∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂mepw AXns\ t\cn-Sp-I-Xs∂sb∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZpw Dd-∏n-®p. Bflm¿∞-Xbpw ]cn-Nbkº-∂Xbpw ssIap-X-em°ns°m≠v D≈ aÆn¬ Dd®p\n¬°m-\-t±lw Xocp-am-\n-®t∏mƒFXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v ]n≥hm-tß≠n h∂p. HSp-hn-sem-Sphn-em-b-t∏mƒFXn¿Ø-hcn¬ ]ecpw At±-l-Øn\p kzoI-cWw \evIn. Ah-km\wFXn¿∏p-Xs∂ C√m-Xm-bn. amX-a√ FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS CS-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ sImº-\m-\-Iƒ Xs∂ skbvXns‚ Np‰pw \n∂v At±-l-Øn-s\mcpc£m-h-ebw krjvSn-®p. ]n∂oSv tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnIcwKØvHutZym-KnIXe-Øn-em-bmepw A\u-tZym-KnIXe-Øn-em-bmepw Imcy-amb ]h¿Ø\w \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v skbvXp apl-Ω-Zp-ambn Iq´p-Iq-SntbIgnbq F∂v h∂p. Aßs\ FXn¿∏ns‚ ap\ HSn-™p. iXp-°sfanX-ß-fm-°n, Xs‚ I¿Ωt£X-Øn\v hnim-eX hcp-Øn-s°m-≠mWvAdp-]-Xp-I-fpsS HSp-°-Øn¬ skbvXp apt∂-dn-b-Xv.''

skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ `c-W-Im-eØv tIcf kmlnXy A°m-ZanIqSp-X¬ kPo-h-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. A°m-Z-an-bpsS ho£Ww hn]p-e-am-bn. ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒs°mcp ]pXnb DW¿Δp-≠m-bn. 1971˛¬ Ip‰n-∏pgA¥-cn-®-Xns\ØpS¿∂v BIvSnwKv ]kn-U-≠mbn At±lw ]q¿W-km-cYyw Gs‰-Sp-Øp. AXbpw ]mbw Ipd™ Bƒ B ÿm\ØvAXp-hsc Ccp-∂n-ń-√. ]cn-W-X-]-⁄-\pw ]WvUnXhtc-Wy-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Ip‰n-∏p-g-bp-ambn skbvXns\ Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ skbvXv Xmt\-s‰-SpØ ÿm\-Øn\v At±-l-Øn-t‚-Xmb hy‡nXzw \¬In-sb-∂Xv \n¿Δn-hm-Z-amb hkvXp-X-bm-Wv.

kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cpsS jjvTn-]q¿Ønbpw k]vX-Xnbpw BtLm-jn-°p-hm≥ amXap≈ Hcp ÿm]-\-amWv kmlnXy A°m-Zan F∂[mcW Xncp-Ø-s∏´ Ime-am-WXv. A°m-Zan Hmôkv ]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ sIń-Sw, AXn\p kz¥-ambn e`n-®Xpw Ch-cpsS `c-W-Im-eØvXs∂. A°m-Z-anI ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ hfsc ]m[m-\y-ap≈ "KŸ-kq-Nn'-bpsS c≠p `mK-ßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fm-cw-`n-®p. skbvXv apl-ΩZv acn-°p-∂-Xn\p Ipd®p apºv amX-am-WnXv]pd-Øn-d-°p-hm-\m-b-Xv. F∂m¬ Xm≥ XpS-ßn-sh® kmln-Xy-Imc Ub-d-IvSdn ]kn-≤o-I-cn®pImWm-\p≈ `mKyw At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-Øp-≠m-bn-√.' Nne-∏-Xn-Im-cw, `c-X-ap-\n-bpsS \mSy-im-kvXw, aWn-ta-J-e, ]Z-kw-kvIm-c-N-μn-I, alm- m-c-Xw XpS-ßnb ]e ¢mknIv IrXn-


58


Ifpw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw A°m-Zan apJ-]-X-ambkmln-Xy-temIw ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-am-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v At±lw XpS°w Ipdn-®p.

tIcf Iem-a-fi-ew, kwKo-X-\m-SI A°m-Zan XpS-ßnb a‰pkmwkvIm-cnI ÿm]-\-ß-fnepw skbvXp apl-ΩZv ap≥ssI FSp-Øv]e ]ptcm-K-a-\-]-c-amb ]h¿Ø\-ßfpw Bcw- n-®n-cp-∂p. ]mb-Øn¬Ihn™ ]Iz-Xbpw kml-Ncyw A\p-h-Zn-°p∂Xn¬ Ihn-™- tk-h-\-X-ev]-c-X-bp-amWv Cu hnP-b-ßƒ°v Imc-Ww.


59


A©v:

kap-Zmbkvt\ln

""tJmPcmPm-hmb Xºp-cm-t\, \√ ae-bmfw ]d-bp-∂-h-cn¬ \oRßsf B°t√ Xºp-cmt\''˛ Btdgv ]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºp-hsctIc-f-Ønse apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ aX-]-t_m-[\w \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xns‚ amXrI CXm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ]e thZn-I-fnepwthZ-\-tbmsS ]d-bp-∂Xv tI´n-´p-≠v. ae-bmfw ]Tn-®m¬ lnμphmbpwCw•ojp ]Tn-®m¬ InkvXym-\n-bm-bpw amdp-sa∂ Hcp A‘-hn-izmkwFß-s\tbm apkvenw-Iƒ°n-Sbn¬ Dd-®p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-s\-Xn-sc-bmWv k\m-D√m a‡nXßsf t]mep-≈-h¿ Ccp]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚XpS-°-Øn¬ kacw sNbvX-Xv. kvXo hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚ Bh-iy-IXt]mepw At∂ a‡n Xßƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p. aX-hn-Zym-`ym-k-tØm-sSm∏w uXnIhnZym- ymkw IqSn-bp-s≠-¶n¬ amXta Zp\n-bm-hn¬ c£-s∏-Sm-\m-hp-I-bp≈q F∂v shfn-b-t¶mSv Da¿ Jmkn-sb-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿\nc-¥cw DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®p. s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn¬ \n∂v AI-∂p-\n¬°m\pw H‰-s∏-Sm-\p-ap≈ hmk\, apkvenwIsf a‰p -]n-t∂m°kap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂vv _lp-Zqcw ]n∂n-em-°n. aX-hn-Zym- ymkw Xs∂Imtem-Nn-X-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ad-_n-bn-ep-≈,A¿∞-a-dn-bmØ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ßƒ ImWm-∏mTw ]Tn®v Dcp-hn-Sp∂XpsIm≠v thZ-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ Bflmhv Is≠-Øm-\m-hn-s√-∂v,kz¥w A\p-`-h-Øn¬ \n∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv a\- n-em-°n. hnip≤Jp¿-B≥ amXr-`m-j-bn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn®p ImWm≥ At∂ BK-l-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂p.


60


tIc-f-Øn¬ F≥.-F-kv.-F- n-t\bpw Fkv.-F≥.-Un.-]n.-tbbpwt]mep≈ kwL-S-\-Iƒ DW¿Øn-hn´ \thm-∞m\mi-b-ßƒ, ]t£,apkvenw-Isf At∏mgpw Ne-\m-fl-I-am-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√. h°w aue-hn-bpsS ]ptcm-K-a-\m-i-b-ßƒ sIm®n- hsc FØn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ae-_m-dn¬ Ahbv°v Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-´-ap-≠m-bn-√. sImSp-ß-√q-cnse]am-Wn-am-cpsS I£n-h-g-°p-Iƒ Xo¿°p-hm≥ P∑w-sIm≠ \njv]£kwLw, ]n¬°m-eØv tIc-f apkvenw sFIy-kw-L-ambn cq]m-¥-cs∏´p.- Xe-t»-cn-bnepw IÆq-cnepw s]m∂m-\n-bn-ep-sams° \S∂AXns‚ ktΩ-f-\-ßƒ hnZym-`ym-k-cw-KØv i‡n-bmb Hcp apt∂-‰-ap-≠m-bm¬ amX-ta apkvenw-Iƒ°v ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q F∂Znim-t_m[w \¬In. A∂v Bep-h-bn¬ Hcp Ad_ntImtfPv XpS-ßp-hm≥ sFIy-kw-L-Øns‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬, sjbvJv la-Zm\n Xß-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Hcp iaw \S-∂p-sh-¶nepw AXv hnP-bw -I-≠n-√.kap-Zm-b-Ønse ]e A\m-Nm-c-ßƒs°-Xnscbpw sFIy-kwLwB™-Sn-®p. Hcp hymg-h-´-°m-esØ kPoh ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v tijwkwLw \n›-e-am-b-t∏mƒ, AXns‚ kzØp-°ƒ tImgn-t°ms´^mdqJv tImtf-Pn\v kw`m-h\ sNøp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. sI.-Fw. koXnkmln-_v, aW-∏m´v Ip™p-ap-l-ΩZv lmPn, sI.-Fw. aue-hn, C.-sI.-au-ehn XpS-ßn-b-h¿ t\XrXzw \¬Inb sFIy-kw-L-Øns‚ Bi-b-]-c-amb ZuXy-Øns‚ ]n¥p-S¿® ]n∂oSv Gs‰-Sp-ØXv tIcf\ZvhØp¬ apPm-ln-Zo-\m-Wv.

sIm®n Xpd-apJw \ne-hn¬ hcp-∂-Xn\pw apºv hntZ-i-cm-Py-ß-fp-ambpw k©m-cn-I-fp-ambpw tIc-fsØ _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂ sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚ k¥-Xn-bmWv Xms\-∂-Xn¬ F∂pw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv A`n-am\w sIm≠p. Ad-_vk-©m-cn-Iƒ apkvcnkv F∂p- hn-fn® Cu Xpd-apJ\K-cn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv blq-Zcpw InkvXym-\n-Ifpw apkvenw-Ifpw tIc-f-Øn¬ Imep-Ip-Øp-∂-Xv. B[p-\nIImesØ tIc-f-Øns‚ ss[j-WnIPohn-X-Øn\v hne-s∏´ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Inb t\Xm-°-tfbpw_p≤n-Po-hn-I-tfbpw krjvSn® ]tZ-i-amWv sImSp-ß-√q¿...... apl-ΩZvA_vZp-d-lvam≥ kmln_v, koXn-km-ln-_v, ]n.-sI.-_m-e-Ir-jvW≥, ]n.-sI.-tKm-]m-e-Ir-jvW≥, tUm: hn.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv, tUm: A_vZp¬K^q¿, tUm: F≥.-F.-I-cow, tUm: kn.-sI.-I-cow, ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥ ˛ Ch-sc√mw sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚bpw sXm -Sp-Øp≈ FS-h-\-°m-Sn-s‚-bp-sams°kw`m-h-\-bm-W-t√m. A°q-´-Øn¬ skbvZp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ta-J-e-Iƒ thdn-´p-Xs∂ \n¬°p-∂p. apkvenw-Iƒ Hcp Znim-t_m-[-ap≈ kap-Zm-b-ambn amdp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v kz]v\-ßƒ I≠, B kz]v\-


61


ßƒ km£m-XvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n hy‡hpw kpNn¥n-X-hp-amb]≤-Xn-Iƒ Bkq-XWw sNøWsa-∂m-K-ln® Im¥-Z¿in-bmb kap-Zm-b-kvt\-ln-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. kap-Zm-b-kvt\-ln-sb∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ kap-Zm-b-hmZn F∂v A¿∞-am-Ip-∂n-√. F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈hnL-S-\-hm-Z-Øn\pw FXn-cm-bn-cp∂p skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-ambn \n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ kap-Zm-b ]ptcm-KXnssIh-cn-°m-\m-Ip-sa∂v At±-l-Øn\v ip`m]vXnhnizm-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.]t£; AXn\v kap-Zm-b-Ønse F√m i‡n-Ifpw LS-I-ßfpw H∂n®v\nt∂ Xocq. hyXykvX Bi-b-ßƒ sh®p-]p-e¿Øp∂ hn`n∂ kmap-Zm-bnIkwL-S-\-I-fp-ambpw Ah-bpsS t\Xm-°-fp-ambpw skbvZp-ap-l-ΩZv \nc-¥cw _‘-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Ah-sc-√m-hcpaS-ßp-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ kplrZvhe-bw. Bi-b-]-c-amb ISpw-]n-Sp-ØØns‚ t]cn¬ AI-∂p-\n-∂ hnhn[ Kq∏p-Isf ka-hm-b-Øns‚IÆn-tN¿°m≥ At±lw BK-ln-®p.

kzmX¥yw e`n-®-tijw GXm≠v Hcp ]Xn-‰m-t≠mfw Imew Dd-ßn-°n-S∂ apkvenw kap-Zm-bsØ X´n-bp-W¿Øp-∂-Xn\v BZy-ambnAh¿°v kz¥w Ncn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hy‡-amb Hcp Ah-t_m[wD-≠m-°p-hm≥ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv BK-ln-®p. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚D÷z-e-amb kmwkvIm-cnI]mc-º-cy-ß-fpsS Npcp-f-gn®p ImWn-®v Ah-cpsS kap-Zm-b-m`n-am-\sØ kPo-h-am°n \ne-\n¿Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p At±-l-Øns‚ Ncn-X-te-J-\-ß-fptSbpw KŸ-ß-fp-tSbpw ]Yae£yw.Sn∏p kp¬Øm-t‚-bpw Ip™m-en-a-c-°m-cp-tSbpw Ip™n-aq aq∏-t‚-bpw aºpdw Xß-fp-tSbpw [oct]mcm-´-ß-fpsS Ncn-XKmYIƒ Dcp-°-gn-®Xv Hcp kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ \jvS-ho-cy-ßƒ hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v th≠n-bm-Wv. Hcn-°epw Hcp kap-Zm-bnIamX-hm-Zn-bmbncp-∂n-s√-¶nepw \yq\-]-£-ß-fpsS kmwkvIm-cnImkvXn-XzsØIpdn®v At±-l-Øn\v hy‡-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp∂p:

""`qcn-]-£-Øns‚ `mjbpw kwkvIm-chpw tZio-b-kw-kvIm-c-am-sW∂v ka¿∞n-°m≥ shº¬sIm≈p-tºmƒ \yq\-]-£-ßƒ- Ah-cpsS ]tXyI kmwkvIm-cnIhnti-j-X-Iƒ th≠X am\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√F∂v kwi-bn-°p-∂p. kmwkvIm-cnI]iv\-ßƒ qcn-]£ho£-W-Øn-eq-sSbp≈ \bhpw \nb-a-hp-ambn \S-∏n-em-°nb cmjvS-ß-fn-se√mwkmaqly \navt\m-∂-X-Iƒ hSp-sI´n \n¬°p-∂Xv ImWmw. F√m hn`m-K-ß-fp-tSbpw kwkvIm-c-ap-Z-Iƒ°v ]mXn-\n-[yhpw ]map-Jyhpw \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ sshapJyw ImWn-®m¬ kap-∂X-amb tZio-tbm-ZvK-Y\w km[n-X-]m-b-am-Im≥ ]bm-kamIpw''. (kw-kvIm-c-ku-c-`w)


62


tIcf apkvenw Ub-d-IvSdn1947 -¬, tIc-f-Ønse ]apJ apkvenw-I-fpsS t^mt´m-Iƒ tN¿Øv

Hcp Ub-dIvSdn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ sIm®n-bnse Nne kap-Zm-b-kvt\-ln-Iƒ Bcw-`n® ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ]mcw-`-iq-cXzw sImt≠m Ft¥mFßp-sa-ØmsX \ne-®p-t]m-bn. skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln_v ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-hp-ambn ]›n-a-sIm-®n-bn¬ Ign-™n-cp∂ ImeØmWv CXvAt±-l-Øns‚ i≤-bn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xv. AsXmcp \√ Bi-b-ambntXm∂n. F∂m¬ AXv tIh-e-samcp t^mt´m B¬_-ambn Xcw-Xm-gv∂p-Iq-Sm. tIcf apkvenw-I-fpsS ka-K-a-s√-¶nepw kw£n-]vX-ambHcp NcnXw AXn-ep-≠m-IWw; kmwkvIm-cnI kw`m-h-\-Iƒ°pw ]ap-J-cpsS Poh-N-cn-X-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ°pw CS-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. AXn\v BZy-ambn th≠Xv apkvenw tIμ-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ Hcp \o≠ tIcf ]cy-S-\-am-Wv-˛ kplr-Øp-°-fpsS apºn¬ Cu ]≤Xn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-t∏mƒkl¿jw kzoI-cn-°-s∏-SpIbpw sNbvXp.

Aß-s\-bmWv Hcp \mew-K-kwLw Imk¿tImSv apX¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw hsc aq∂p-am-k-°mew \o≠p-\n∂ ]cy-S\w \S-Øn-b-Xv˛sI.-F-®v.kpsse-am≥ amÃ¿, kn.-sI.-A-_q-_-°¿, auehn apl-ΩZvjm^n, ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv F∂n-h-c-S-ßn-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p Cu kwLw.Cßs\ tiJ-cn® tcJ-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn-emWv kn.-sI.-A-_q-_-°-dns‚ klm-b-tØmsS skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv "tIcf apkvenw NcnXw' Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°p-∂Xv: AXv ]tXy-I-ambn ]pkvX-I-cq-]-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]mNo-\-tI-c-f-Øns‚ qan-im-kvX-L-S\ apX¬1989 hsc-bp≈ Ncn-X-amWv CXn-ep-≈-Xv.

F∂m¬ ]≈n-I-fp-tS-bpw, apkvenw tIμ-ß-fp-tSbpw ]ap-J-cp-tSbpw t^mt´m-I-fpsS tªm°p-Iƒ Ime-∏-g-°-Øm¬ \jvS-s∏-´p-t]m-bn. tIcf apkvenw Ncn-Xw- IqSn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Iptd-°qSn ka-K-amb Hcp Ub-d-IvSdn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Hcp iaw \S-∂p. "ae-_m¿Ckvemw' ]Xm-[n-]-cmbn-cp∂, kn.-hn.-ssl-tZm-kns‚ aI\pw Ãnh-tUm-dp-am-bn-cp∂ kn.-hn.-A-_vZp¬ Ako-kns\ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v1956¬ tIcfm ]ªn-t°-j≥kv F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp ]kn-≤o-I-cWÿm]-\-Øn\v At±lw cq]w \¬In. CXn-\p-th≠n ho≠pw ]e-X-hWskbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\v tIc-f-ØnepS-\ofw k©-cn-t°-≠n-h-∂p. Bbn-c-Øn-tesd ]≈n-I-fpsS Ncn-Xhpw, a¨a-d™ alm-c-Y≥am-cpsS Poh-N-cn-X-ßfpw Ncn-X-]-[m-\-amb apkvenw tIμ-ßsf kw_-‘n® hnh-c-ßfpw tiJ-cn-®p. 730¬ ]cw t]Pp-I-tfmsS 1960¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn®tIcf apkvenw Ub-d-IvSdn, Fs¥√mw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n-


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epw, kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ Hcp GI-tZi NnXw hc-®p-ImWn°p∂p-≠v. tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw A`n-`m-j-I-cp-tSbpw KŸ-Im-c≥am-cp-tSbpw enÃvt]mepw AXn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C∂v kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ hn`n∂ Xpd-I-fntemtcm∂n-ep-ap-≠mb ]ptcm-KXn t\m°p-tºmƒ, Ah-bvs°√mw]tXyIw ]tXyIw Ub-d-IvSdn th≠n-h-cp-sa-∂mWv tXm∂p-∂-Xv.

F.-_n. sIm®pÆn F∂ am¿§-Z¿inapkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ka-K-amb Hcp NnXw e`n-°-W-sa-¶n¬

CsXm∂pw t]msc∂v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. imkvXo-b-ambn tiJ-cn®p Xøm-dm-°nb Hcp ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W°v AXn\v Bh-iy-am-Wv. Fd-Wm-Ip-fsØ hyh-km-b-]-ap-J-\m-bn-cp∂ F.-F-kv.-_mhkmln-_ns‚ aI\pw tIcf Pam-AØv s^U-td-j≥ Sj-d-dp-ambncp∂F.-_n.-sIm-®p-Æn-bm-Wv s^U-td-js‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ k¿tΔ Xøm-dm-°m≥ ap≥ssIsb-Sp-Ø-Xv. tIc-f-Øn¬ BZy-ambn Xriq¿ Pn√-bn¬kz¥w DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-Øn¬ GXm\pw h¿jw-apºv Hcp Pam-AØvk¿tΔ At±lw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Pam-AØv ssZzhm-cn-I-bpsS FUn-‰dpw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-bpsS Xmfp-I-fnepw]Xn-`-bpsS AS-bm-f-ßƒ ImWm-\m-hpw.

Fd-Wm-Ipfw ap\-Δn-dp¬ Ckvemw kvIqƒ ÿm]-I\pw ssh.-Fw.-kn.F skI- -dnbpw F√m Xe-ßfnepw kPo-h-ambn ]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂s]mXp-Imcy]k-‡-\p-am-bn-cp∂ sIm®pÆn kmln-_v, skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ, Xs‚ Bibw km£m-XvI-cn-°m≥G‰hpw ]m]vX-\mb Hcmsf Is≠--Ønb Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-Øn-em-bn-.sIm®pÆn kmln_v CS-s]-Sp∂ F√m Imcy-ßfnepw Nn´bpw πm\p-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. ka-Nn-Ø-Xbpw X¥-⁄-X-bp-ap≈ kao-]\ e£y-t_m-[-tØm-sS-bp-≈, Bkq-Xn-X]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v Zqc-hym-]-I-ambNe-\-ßƒ Df-hm-°m-\m-hpsa∂v At±-l-Øn\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-s\-t]mse kam-\-a-\-kvI-\mb bphm-hns‚ k¿§-i-‡nbpw I¿Ω-ssN-X-\yhpw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v th≠n apgp-h≥ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw At±lw a\- n-em-°n.

skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn∂v CW-ßnb A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-bmb Hcp h[p-hns\Is≠-Øp-hm\pw Ah¿°v Xs‚ kvIqfn¬ Xs∂ A[ym-]ItPmen\¬Ip-hm\pw sIm®pÆn kmln_v Xp\n-™Xv At±-l-Øn-ep≈hy‡n-]-c-amb XmXv]-cyhpw kvt\lhpw FX-am-X-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Fd-Wm-Ipfw am¿°‰v tdmUn¬ ap\-Δn-dp¬ CkvemwsslkvIq-fn-\-Sp-Øp≈ Xs‚ Hcp sIm®p-hoSpw Ah¿°v At±lwhn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp. ]n¬°m-eØv Fd-Wm-Ipfw Kncn-\-K-dn¬ kz¥w hoSp-


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≠m°n amdp-∂-Xp-hsc skbvXp-aplΩZpw IpSpw-_hpw Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cp∂p Xma-kw.

tIcf apkvenw k¿sΔ1962¬ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv FUn‰v sNbvXv ]kn-≤o-I-cn® "tIcf

apkvenw Pam-AØv ÿnXn-hn-hcw', kap-Zmbw FhnsS \n¬°p∂pF∂-Xns‚ B[n-Im-cnItcJ-bm-Wv. al-√-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kzcq-]n®ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmaq-lnIhpw hnZym-`ym-k-]-c-hp-amb ]nt∂m-°m-hÿ shfn-s∏-SpØn.ap∏Xpw \mev]Xpw cq] amk-i-º-f-Øn¬ ]≈n-I-fn¬ tPmen sNøp∂Cam-ap-am-tcbpw apIn-am-tcbpw kmº-Øn-I-ambn kap-≤-cn-°msX ap…nwkap-Zm-b-Øn\v apt∂m-´p-t]m-Im-\m-In-s√∂v AXv Xpd-∂p-Im-´n. Ncn-X-]-[m-\-amb Cu tcJ ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v At±-l-sa-gpXn:

""kap-Zm-b-Ønse s]mXp-sh-bp≈ G‰-°p-d-®n-ep-Iƒ, IW-°p-Iƒapºn¬ sh®v kzbw N¿® sNøm-\p≈ CZw-]-Ya-amb Hcp kwcw-`-sa∂ \nebv°v Cu ]h¿Ø\sØ AX¿ln-°p∂ Kuc-h-tØmsSDƒs°m-≈p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p∂p''

tIcf Ckvem-anIv skan\m¿Aß-s\ BZy-ambn apkvenw-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsS s]mbvt∏mb Ncn-

X-sa-s¥∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-Øp; Ct∏mƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv \n¬°p-∂-sX∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øp. C\n-th-≠Xv`mhnsb kw_-‘n® hy‡-amb Bkq-X-W-am-Wv. AXv Xms\m-cm-fmbn sNtø-≠-X-√. kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ hn`n∂ Xe-ß-fn-ep-≈-h¿ H∂n®vN¿®-sNbvXv, B kwhm-Z-ß-fpsS kahm-b-Øn¬ \n∂v kzbw Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-h-tc≠ H∂m-W.v AXn-\p≈ thZn krjvSn-°p-I-bmWv C\nth≠Xv F∂v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\v tXm∂n. AXns‚ ^e-am-bn-cp∂p1963 apX¬ 1968 hsc \S∂ Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dp-Iƒ.

Bep-hm-bn-em-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ XpS-°w. ]n∂oSv Fd-Wm-Ip-fØpwBe-∏p-g-bnepw tImgn-t°mSpw ]me-°mSpw Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dp-Iƒ\S-∂p. ico-A-Øv Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ F√m hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]tIm-]-\-]-chpw Nn¥-\o-b-hp-amb ]_-‘-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n°-s∏- p. Ahsbkw_-‘n® Xe-\m-cng Iodn-bp≈ N¿®-Iƒ \S-∂p. amdp∂ Ime-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v apkvenw-Iƒ Ah-cpsS kao-]-\-ß-fn¬ am‰w hcp-tØ-≠-Xpt≠m? Ds≠-¶n¬ AsXXtØmf-amhmw?˛ XΩn¬ I≠m¬ Iocn-tbbpw ]mºn-t\bpw t]mse s]mcp-Xp∂ hnhn[ kmap-Zm-bnI, aX-]-ÿm-\-ß-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmWv Hcp tÃ-Pn¬ H∂n-®n-cp-∂v ]c-kv]cwtIƒ°m≥ Xøm-dm-Ip-∂Xv. apPm-ln-Zpw Pam-AØpw ]d-bp-∂-Xnse


65


kXym-k-Xy-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ BImw-£-tbmsS hen-sbmcp kZ pw.hnhn[ cmjvSobI£n-Ifn¬ s]´-hcpw Hcp ]m¿ń-bnepw s]Sm-Ø-hcpw DtZym-K-ÿ≥am-cpw Fgp-Øp-Im-cpw _p≤n-Po-hn-Ifpw Hcp-an®v ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ as‰mcp thZn AXn\v apºpw ]nºpw tIcf apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep-≠m-bn-ń-√. hnZym-`ym-kw, kmaq-lyw, kmwkvIm-cn-Iw, kmº-Øn-Iw XpSßn Hcp hnj-bhpw skan-\m-dns‚ Nn¥m-]-cn-[n-°-∏p-d-Øm-bn-cp-∂n-√. ico-AØv \nb-a-ßfn¬ Imtem-Nn-X-amb am‰w hcp-Ø-W-sa∂F≥.-]n.-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ ]_‘w henb H®-∏m-Sp-≠m-°n. AXp-t]mseCkvem-anI \nb-a-ßƒ°v AI-Øp-\n-∂p-sIm≠v IpSpw-_m-kq-X-W-sØ Fßs\ kao-]n-°-W-sa∂ F≥.-sI.-F.-e-Øo- ns‚ ]_-‘hpw]pXnb Nn¥bv°v Xo sImfp-Øn. atX-Xc kaq-l-Øn¬ apkvenw-I-fpsS mhn Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°Ww? t_¶nwKv, C≥jp-d≥kv XpS-ßnbhnj-b-ßƒ Fßs\ ssIImcyw sNøWw? hnZym-`ym-k-cw-KØpwDtZym-KÿtaJ-ebnep-ap≈ \nb-a-\-ß-fnse Ah-K-W-\sb Fßs\adn-I-S-°Ww? Cßs\ Ime-L´w Kuc-h-X-c-ambn Nn¥n-t°≠ hnj-b-ßsf Ipdn-s®√mw N¿®-Iƒ \S-∂p. aX-]-fin-X≥amcpw A≤ym-]-Icpw tUmIvS¿amcpw F©n-\o-b¿amcpw kmln-Xy-Im-c≥amcpw kPo-h-amb XmXv]-cy-tØmsS Ah-bn¬ `mK-`m-°mbn.

A©p-h¿jw amXta \o≠p-\n-∂p-≈q-sh-¶nepw Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dp-Iƒ tIc-f-Ønse apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]c-Ønb shfn-®w -h-ep-Xm-bn-cp∂p. s]m^. kønZv aplvbn±o≥ jmsbbpw C.-sI.-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_n-t\bpw t]mep-≈-h-cmWv skan-\m-dns‚ Aa-cØvskbvXp-ap-l-ΩZnt\m-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. tImtfPv hnZym¿∞n-I-f-S°w hen-sbmcp kwLw bphm-°sf AXmXv CS-ß-fn¬ k∂-≤-tk-h-I-cmbn kwL-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-™Xv At±-l-Øns‚ I¿Ω-Ip-i-eXH∂p-sIm≠p amX-am-Wv. A°q-´-Øn¬ CsX-gp-Xp∂bm-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ AS-ßp∂ £W-°-Øp-Iƒ Ab-°p-∂XvXpSßn skan\m¿ ]`m-j-W-ßƒ A∏-t∏mƒ dnt∏m¿ v sNøp-I, F√mwIgn-™-Xn\v tijw Ah-X-cn∏n-°-s∏´ ]_-‘-ßfpw N¿®-IfpwkwK-ln-®v, FUn-‰p-sNbvXv "skan-\m¿ dnhyq' F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-I˛ XpS-ßnb mcn® DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ At±lw A∂v Fs∂G¬∏n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Hcp apkven-bm¿ IpSpw-_-Øn¬ ]nd∂p henb I®-h-S-°m-c-\mbnXo¿∂ C.-sI.-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_ns‚ Fd-Wm-Ipfw am¿°‰v tdmUn-ep≈ hoń-en-cp-∂mWv Hmtcm skan-\m-dn-t‚bpw aps∂m-cp-°-ßƒ sNøp-I. F√m-‰n\pw ASp-°pw-Nn-´bpw D≈ C.-sI.-bpsS ]h¿Ø-\-ssiena‰p kwL-S\m]h¿Ø-I-cn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-∂p.


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]n∂oSv skan-\m-dns‚ mc-hm-ln-Iƒ amdp-Ibpw ]h¿Ø-\-co-Xn-Iƒ°v hyXymkw hcn-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠m-hmw. AXns‚ ^e-ambnskan-\m¿ ]h¿Ø-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-h¿°pw hnj-aßƒ A\p-`-hn-t°≠n h∂n-´p-≠v. skan-\m-¿ dnhyq A®-Sn-® ] n¬ ]Ww sImSp-°m≥ Ign-bmsX Rm\pw hnj-an-®n- p-≠v. skan-\m-¿ dnhyqIfnse I\-s∏´ teJ-\-ßƒ Hscm‰ KŸ-ambn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ HcpIme-L-´-Ønse _u≤n-I-kw-hm-Z-ßƒ `mhnXe-ap-dbv°v ]T-\-hn-j-b-am-tbs\.

Be-∏pg Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dn-em-sW-∂mWv Hm¿Ω, Db¿∂p-h∂ Hcp Nn¥ it≤-b-ambn tXm-∂n. GsXmcp P\-hn-`m-K-Ønepw\n›-e-X-bp-tStbm ]Xn-k-‘n-bp-tStbm L´-Øn¬ Hcp hy‡nXzwDb¿∂p-h-cp-∂p. AXn-\ev]w hocmcm[-\-bpsS Awiw Ie¿t∂-bv°mw.Aß-s\-sbmcp t\Xm-hv, kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ BI-am\w kzoIm-cy-\mbHcp t\Xmhv \ap-°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v Db¿∂p-h-tc-≠-X-t√?

B tNmZy-Øn\v ]cn-an-X-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ e`n® adp-]-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p A_vZp¬ K^qdpw At±-l-Øns‚ ia-^-e-ambn Db¿∂ph∂apkvenw FUyp-t°-j-W¬ skmssk-‰n-bp-sa∂v tXm∂p-∂p. Fw.-C.-F-kv. Hcp henb ]ÿm-\-ambn AXn-thKw hf¿∂p. ]n¬°m-e-Øv]pgp-°p-Øp-Iƒ kw`-hn-®n-´p-≠mhmw; Agn-a-Xnbpw A[nImchSw-h-en-bp-sams° Imc-Ww, Hcp hn`mKw thdn-´p-t]m-bn-´p-≠m-Imw. ]t£;AXpw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v ]tbm-P-\-ßƒ D≠m-°n-bn´p≠v Fw.-F-kv.-Fkvt]mep≈ kwL-S-\-Iƒ ]nd-∂p. ]ns∂bpw FXtbm ]ÿm-\-ßƒ,hnZym-`ymkÿm]-\-ßƒ Hcp ImeØv B[p-\nIhnZym-`ym-ksØFXn¿Ø-h¿ t]mepw F√m-Øcw hnZy-`ym-khpw \¬Ip∂ tImwπ-Ivkp-Iƒ°v cq]w \¬In. CsX√mw Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dns‚ ^e-am-bn-cpt∂m F∂v tNmZn-®m¬, ]Xy-£-ambn BsW∂v Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-bm≥ Bsb∂ph-cn-√. F∂m¬ ]tcm-£-amb t]c-W-Ifpw am’-cy-t_m-[-hp-sa√mw D≠m-°m≥ skan\m¿ DW¿Øn-hn´ Nn¥m-X-cw-K-ßƒ°v Ign-™n-´p-s≠∂v hniz-kn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B A¿∞-Øn¬ apkvenw kap-ZmbØn-en∂pw ImWp∂ \n¿Ωm-Wm-fl-I-ambDW¿Δn\v _oPm-hm]w \¬Inb hy‡n skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln-_m-sW∂v ]d-bmw. At±lw ss[j-Wn-I-X-e-Øn-epb¿Ønb shfn®wI¿Ω-a-fi-e-Øn-te°v hnh¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

am∏n-f-km-lnXy skan-\m¿aX-]-chpw hnZym- ym-k-]-chpw kmº-ØnI-hp-amb ]ptcm-K-Xn-tbm-

sSm∏w Xs∂ ][m-\-amWv Hcp P\-X-bpsS kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb CuSp-


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sh-∏p-I-fpw. tIc-f-Ønse kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-Im-c≥amcpw Iem-hn-a¿i-I≥amcpw AXp-hsc hnkva-cn® am∏nf kmln-Xy-tØbpw Ie-I-tfbpw hos≠-Sp-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW∂v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\vtXm∂n. Ad_n˛a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øn¬ ad-™p-In-S∂ A\¿L-ambIrXnIfnte°v shfn®w hoip-hm\pw hnkva-cn-°-s∏´ am∏nf kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am-tcbpw Iem-Im-c≥am-tcbpw s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn∂v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øns°m-Sp-°p-hm\pw Dt±-in®v 1971¬ Xncq-c-ßm-Sn- ]n.-F-kv.-Fw.HtImtf-Pn¬ \S∂ A©p-Zn-hkw \o≠p-\n∂ am∏n-f-km-lnXy skan-\m¿ A`q-X-]q¿Δ-amb Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp-∂p.

ae-bmfn apkvenw-I-fpsS Hcp aX D]-`m-j-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ Ah-cpsS kmwkvIm-cnIPohn-X-Øn¬ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn\pw khn-tijÿm\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw-Iƒ IS-∂p-sN-∂n-S-ß-fn-se√mwXs∂ Ad_n en]n D]-tbm-Kn®v aX-]-chpw A√m--Ø-Xp-amb Bi-b-ßƒ ]mtZ-in-I- m-j-I-fn¬ cNn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Ad-_n˛a-e-bmfwt]mse Xs∂ Xan-gv\m-ń¬ Ad-_n-˛-X-angpw a‰p ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ AXp-t]m-ep≈ k¶-c-`m-j-I-fp-ap-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. ame-∏m-´p-Iƒ, ]S-∏m-´p-Iƒ,I√ym-W-∏m-´p-Iƒ, IØp-]m-´p-Iƒ XpS-ßnb ]Zy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ°v ]pdsaaX-\n-b-a-ßfpw Ah-bpsS hymJym-\-ßfpw IY-I-fp-apƒs∏-Sp∂ KZy-K-Ÿ-ßfpw [mcm-f-ap-≠m-bn- p-≠v. Ah-bn¬ Btcm-Ky-tØbpw imkvX-⁄m-\-tØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ IrXn-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.

Gd-\m-ńse km[m-c-W-°m-cm-b, ]mh-s∏´ I¿j-I-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-Øp-Sn-∏p-Iƒ G‰p-hm-ßn-b, tIcf kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-XsØ [\y-am-°p∂ Cu kmln-Xy-im-J-sb-°p-dn®v skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn∂p Hcp-]mSv kz]v\-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p:

""hf-sc-tbsd am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw kmln-Xyhpw ]e apkvenw `h-\-ß-fnepw hnZym-e-b-ß-fnepw InS-∏p-≠v. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn-se-gp-Xn-bXpwA®-Sn-°-s∏-´-Xp-amb IrXn-I-fn¬ ]Øv iX-am\w t]mepw ae-bmfen]n-bn-te°v ]I¿Ø-s∏-ń-ń-√. Bh-iy-amb hymJym-\-tØmSpwImtem-Nn-X-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-ß-tfm-Sp-wIqSn ][m-\-s∏´ IrXn-I-sf-¶nepw`mjm-¥cw sNøm-\p≈ ia-ap-≠m-tI-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]Xn-t\gmw \q‰m-≠n\v apºv A®-Sn-°-s∏´ KŸßfp≈ Cu kmln-Xy-im-Jbv°v AXn-se-X-tbm apºsØ [\y-kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚ IY- ]-d-bm-\p-≠mIpw!ip≤-a-e-bmfw A`y-kn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Bi-bm-hn-jvI-c-W-Øn\v D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Ønb Cu mjm-km-ln-Xy-imJ hs -gp-Øn-t‚bpw tImse-gp-Øn-t‚bpw ImesØ `mjm-k-Jn-bm-Wv.'' (kw-kvIm-c-ku-c-`w)

Ime-L-´-ß-fn-eqsS en]n-]-cn-jvI-c-W-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]e


68


hnImk]cn-Wm-a-ßfpw B k¶-c-`m-j-bv°p-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬apkvenw-Iƒ t]mepw Xß-fpsS Cu kmwkvIm-cnI ss]Xr-IsØ ]mtShnkvacn®p-I-gn-bp∂ Ime-ØmWv Xncq-c-ßm-Sn-bnse alm-Ihntambn≥IpńsshZy¿ \K-dn¬ am∏n-f-km-lnXy skan-\m¿ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. Hcn-°epw \S-°p-I-bn-s√∂v ]ecpw ]p—n-®p-X-≈nb kmwkvIm-cnI kw`hw AX¿ln-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ Xs∂ ]X-ßƒ dnt∏m¿´vsNbvXp. am∏nfkmln-Xy-Øn\v th≠n Hcp Bbp v apgp-h≥ \o°n-sh® Sn.-D-ss_Zv kmln-_ns\ sI.-]n.-tI-i-h-ta-t\m≥ s]m∂mS AWn-bn-®-t∏mƒ, AXns‚ Nmcn-Xm¿∞yw apgp-h≥ ]I-S-ambn I≠Xv ]n.-F.- sk-bvXp- ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ apJ-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.

ap≥ hnZym-`ymk a¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ Nm°ocn Alva-ZvIpń-bpsS]nXmhv Nm°ocn sambvXo≥Ipń Ad_n ae-bm-f-Øn¬ cNn® ""Nm°o-cn-_-Z¿'' ae-bmfen]n-bn¬ FgpXn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw AXns‚]Im-i\w skan-\m-dn¬ Xs∂ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXXv skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Ie-h-d-bn-√mØ t]cW sIm≠m-Wv. a¥n Xs∂-bmWv ]nXm-hn-s‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn\v Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xn-bXv. skan-\m-dn-t\mSv A\p-_-‘n®v Ad-_n-˛-a-e-bmf KŸ-ß-fpsS ]Z¿i\hpw kwL-Sn-∏n-®ncp-∂p. F√m Znh-khpw am∏nf Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw am∏nf Km\-ta-f-bp-sams° D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kam-]\ Znh-ksØ Iem-]-cn-]mSn DZvLm-S\wsNbvXXv A∂sØ \nXy-l-cn-X-\m-b-I≥ t]w\-ko¿ BWv. At±lwkZ- ns\ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn®v kemw sNm√n-b-t∏mƒ, Bƒ°q´w Nncn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. AXt±-lsØ h√msX thZ-\n-∏n-®p-sh∂ptXm∂p∂p. hfsc hnIm-c-`-cn-X-\mbn t]w\-ko¿ ]d™p:

""Rm≥ kemw sNm√n-b-t∏mƒ Xncn-®p-sNm-√p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw\nßƒ Nncn-®p-X-≈n-°-f-™p. Rms\mcp Iem-Im-c-\m-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ Rms\mcp I≈-°-S-Øp-Im-c-t\m Icn-©-¥-°m-ct\m Bbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \nßƒ Aßs\ sNøp-am-bn-cpt∂m? Pohn-°m≥ th≠n apJØv Nmbw tX°p-∂p-sh∂ Hcp Ip‰ta Rm≥sNbvXp-≈q. \nß-sf-t]mse Rm\pw Hcp apk¬am-\m-Wv!''

am∏nf skan-\m¿ ImeØv alm-Ihn tambn≥Ipń sshZy-cpsSHm¿Ω-bv°mbn Hcp kvamcIw, At±-l-Øns‚ P∑-\m-Smb sImt≠m-ń-bn¬ ÿm]n-°-W-sa∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln_v hf-sc-b-[nIwBK-ln-®n-cp-∂p. AXn-s\-Ip-dn®v At±lw ]e k¶-ev]-ßfpw s\bvXp-Iq-ń. am∏nf kmln-XysØbpw Ie-I-tfbpw Ad-_n-a-e-bmf `mj-tb-bp-sam-s° Ipdn®v Kth-j-W-]-T-\-ßƒ \SØm\mhp∂, bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ A^n-en-tb‰v sNbvX Hcp hnZym-tI-μ-am-W-t±-lw hn`m-h\wsNbvX-Xv. hnZym-`ymk a¥n-am-cm-bn-cp∂ Nm°ocn Al-Ω-ZvIp-ń, kn.-


69


F-®v.-ap-l-Ω-ZvtImb XpS-ßn-b-h-tcmSv Cu Bi-b-ßƒ N¿® sNøm-dp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. skan-\m-dns‚ `mK-ambn Xs∂ kvamc-I-Øn\v Xd-°-√n-S-W-sa∂v At±lw Xnc-°p-Iq-ń-sb-¶nepw ÿew A\p-h-Zn®pIn´p-∂-Xn-ep≈ HutZym-KnI \S-]-Sn-I-a-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-Im-Ø-Xp-sIm≠vH∂pw \S-∂n-√. sImt≠mń sabn≥tdmUn¬ Xs∂ kvamc-I-Øn\vÿew e`n-°p-sa-∂mWv Icp-Xn-b-sX-¶n-epw, Sn.-D-ss_-Zn-t‚tbm skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-t‚tbm Pohn-X-Im-eØv B BKlw km£m-XvI-cn-°-s∏-ń-√. hfsc sshIn-bmWv B kvamc-I-a-μncw bmYm¿∞y-am-b-Xv. B≠n-sem-cmgvN°mew am∏nf Item-’hw kwL-Sn-∏n-°-W-sa∂ BK-lhpw\nd-th-‰-s∏-SmsX Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p.

k -e-am-ImØ kz]v\-ßƒCkvem-anIv skan-\m-dp-I-fn¬ Xs∂ am∏nf kmln-Xy-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏´ ]_-‘-ßƒ°pw N¿®-Iƒ°pw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv NnektΩ-f-\-ßƒ \o°n-sh-®n-cp-∂p. Sn.-D-ss_-Zn-t\bpw H.-B-_p-hn-t\bpwt]mse B hnj-b-Øn¬ AKm[ ]mfinXy-ap≈hcmWv ]_-‘-ßƒAh-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. B_p-km-ln-_ns\ sIm≠v "Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw' F∂ ]mam-Wn-I-KŸw Fgp-Xn--®Xpw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zm-Wv.

Ckvem-anI kwkvIm-c-Øn\v ]m[m\yw \¬In-s°m≠v CuSp‰]pkvX-I-ßƒ ]pd-Øn-d-°p-∂-Xn\v Hcp ]km-[-\m-ebw At±-l-Øns‚as‰mcp kz]v\-am-bn-cp-∂p. Iƒ®-d¬ ]ªn-t°-j≥kv F∂ t]cn¬Hcp ss]h‰v enan-‰Uv Iº\n AXn-\mbn cPn-Ã¿ sNøp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv ap\-Δn-dp¬ Ckvemw kvIqƒh-f-∏n¬ Hcp tjmdqwXpd°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬ kz¥-am-sbmcp ] p-≠m-°m-t\m, \√]pkvX-I-ßƒ Fgp-Xn®v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hmt\m km[n-®n-√. ]e Imc-W-ß-fmepw AsX√mw \o≠p-t]m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ Iº\ncPn-Ãm-cpsS \n¿t±-i-a-\p-k-cn®v ÿm]-\-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø\w ]q¿Æ-ambpw \n¿Øn-sh-bvt°-≠n-h-∂p. Imbw-Ip-fsØ teJ ]ªn-t°-j≥kvGs‰-Sp-°m-\p≈ iahpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p.

Fd-Wm-Ip-fsØ amkv tlm´-en¬ h°w A_vZp¬Jm-Z¿, Sn.-]n.IpýΩp kmln_v XpS-ßnb _p≤n-Po-hn-Isf hnfn-®p-Iqń "_mt¶Zd]ªn-t°-j≥kv' F∂- t]-cn¬ Hcp ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ime Bcw-`n-°p-hm\pw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ian-°m-Xn-cp-∂n-√. A√mam CJv_m-ens‚Hcp Imhy-Ir-Xn-bmWv _mt¶-Zd. aWn-ap-g-°-sa-∂¿∞w. F∂m¬ BaWn-sbm® Hcn-°epw tIƒ°-s∏-SmsX t]mbn˛ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØvAXv cPn-Ã¿ sNbvXv ]h¿Ø-\-am-cw-`n-°pI hsc sNbvX-Xm-sW-¶nepw Imcy-ambn apt∂m-´p-t]m-bn-√.


70


apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v kz¥-amb Hcp ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ime F∂Bibw km£m-XvI-cn-°-s∏-´n-s√-¶nepw apkvenw Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS]pkvX-I-ßƒ a‰p ]kn-≤o-I-cW ÿm]-\-ßsf sIms≠-Sp-∏n-°m≥Ign-bm-hp-∂n-S-tØmfw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln_v ian-®p. At±lwkmln-Xy-]-h¿ØI kl-I-c-W-kwLw Ubd-IvS-dm-bn-cp∂ Ime-ØmWv kn.-F≥.-A-l-ΩZv aue-hn-bpsS hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`mj]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv. Hcp apkvenw ]ªn-t°-j≥ hgn ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ e`n-°m-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ ]tbm-P\w AXp-sIm≠v Bhnh¿Ø-\-IrXn°p≠m-bn. Jp¿-B-t\bpw Ckvem-an-t\bpw ]‰n IqSp-X¬ Adn-bm-\p≈ s]mXp-[mcmhmb-\-°m-cp-sS BImw£sb AXphf¿Øn.

k^-e-am-ImsX t]mb as‰mcp A`n-emjw IqSn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p,skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-\v. AXv apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v hne-s∏´ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Inb F.-_n.-sIm-®p-Æn-km-ln-_n\v Fd-Wm-Ipfw \K-c-Øn¬Hcp kvamcIw ]Wn-bpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-∂-\p-tbm-Py-amb Hcpÿew Is≠-Øp-hm≥ \S-Ønb iaw hnP-bn-®n-√. A\q-Iq-e-km-l-N-cy-ß-fpsS A`m-h-Øn¬ AXv XpS-ßn-tb-S-Øp-Xs∂ \n∂p-t]m-hp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.


71


Bdv:

kplrØv

""F\n°v Ipsd \√ kplr-Øp-°-fp≠v; AXm-Wv Fs‚ t\-´w''-F∂v Ft∏mgpw skbvXp apl-ΩZv ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kz¥w IpSpw-_-sØ-t∏mse Xs∂, Hcp ]s£ AXn-t\-°m-sfms° D]-cn-bmbnAt±lw Ahsc kvt\ln®p.

Sm‰m-]pcw kpIp-am-c≥ Hcp kw`hw A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p: ""Hcp -cwKwHm¿Ω-h-cn-I-bmWv. sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ kmln-Xy-]-cnjØv ktΩ-f\w \S-°p-∂p. ][m\ kqX-[m-c≥ skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Xs∂-bm-Wv. ktΩ-f-\-cw-KØpw kzmK-X-kwLw Hmô-knepw Im‚o-\nepw Nne-t∏mƒ ASp-°-f-bnepw At±-lsØ ImWmw. F√mw At±-l-Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-Øn¬; F∂m¬ Xm≥ CXn-s‚-sbm∂pw Bf√ F∂ań¬ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-fpsS a[y-Ønepw Hcp -kp-lr-Øns‚ tXmfn¬Xń Ipi-ew- B-cm-bm\pw Hcp ]mkw-Kn-I-t\mSv "tlmÃ-en-se -Xm-akw kpJas√'F∂p-tNm-Zn-°m\pw At±lw ad°mdn-√.

""ktΩ-f\ÿe-Øn\SpØp≈ Hcp tlm -enemWv skbvXpapl-ΩZv Xma-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ hoSv ktΩ-f-\-\-K-dn¬ \n∂pA©m-dp-Intem ao‰¿ AIse amX-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw kplr-Øp-°sfhn-´v- ho-ń¬t]mbn Hcp- cm-Xn-sb-¶nepw Xma-kn-°m≥ Iq´m-°n-bn-√.ktΩ-f\w Ign-™m¬ kz¥w -ap-dn-bn¬ kplr-Øp-°-fp-sam-∂n®vkwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn\v CjvSw. Hcp-Zn-hkw H.]ntPmk^pw Rm\pw skbvXpw IqSn kckkw`m-j-W-Ønte¿s∏-ń-cn-


72


°pIbmbn-cp-∂p.- At∏m-gmWv sk-bvXns‚ `mcy ankn v JZoP apdn-bn-te°v IS-∂p-h-∂-Xv.

""CsX-s¥mcp Ccn-∏mWv! Cs∂-¶nepw \ap-s°m∂v hoń¬t]m-Is≠?''

kzXx-kn-≤-amb ]p©n-cntbmsS skbvXv -]-d™p: ""\o thW-sa¶n¬ t]mbvt°m. \ns∂ -I√ymWw Ign-°p∂Xn∂v ap≥t] Rm\n-h-sc-sb√mw I√ymWw Ign-®-Xm-Wv.'' Fs∂bpw H.-]n-tbbpw kqNn-∏n-®p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p B dnam¿°v. icn-bm-Wv JZo-P--bpam-bp≈ skbvXns‚_‘-Øn∂v ]Xnt\gp h¿jsØ ]g-°-ta-bp-≈q. Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-_-‘-am-I-s´. aq∂p Zim-_vZ-°m-e-sØbpw!

""A∂v I\-Ø- ap-J-hpambn JZo-P apdn-hn-ń-d-ßn--b-t∏mƒ Rm≥]-d™p: Cß-s\--sbm-cmƒ! Cs∂-¶nepw `mcy-bp-sS IqsS hoń-te°vt]mImambncp-∂t√m''

""AXn\√ Rm\nhnsSh-∂-Xv, \nßsfms°-bmbn k√-]n--®p-Iq-Sm-\m-Wv. F∂n-´v........ Ahsfs∂ hoń-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXns\-s∂- In-ń-√.''

kvt\lw F∂ A[n-ImcwCXm-bn-cp∂p At±lØns‚ ]IrXw. Ft∏mgpw ]k-∂-h-Z-\-

\mbn, ]p©n-cn-tbmSpIqSn amXta skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Xs‚ ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ ZpxJ-ßfpw At±lw B]p©ncn-sIm≠v ad-®psh®p. GXp- km-l-N-cy-Ønepw kulr-Z-kw-`m-j-W-Øn-\p≈ hnj-b-a-t±lw I≠p]n-Sn-°pw. ]ns∂ kc-kkw-`mjWß-fmbn; s]mń-®n-cn-bm-bn. ]c-kv]cw a\-kn-em-°p-∂-Xnepw A`n-]mssbIyw krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn-epamWv kulr-Z-Øns‚ \mcm-b-thcvF∂-t±lw hnizkn-®p. Iq´p-Im-cpsS D¬°¿j-Øn-∂p-th≠n ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ft∏mgpw k∂-≤≥. Hcp ]pXnb hy‡nsb ]cn-N-b-s∏-´m¬Nnc-Im-e-kp-lr-Øn-t\msS∂ t]mse s]cp-am-dm≥ ]c-kv]cw tXm∂n-°p∂ Hcp Im¥-i‡n B kulr-Z-`m-h-Øn∂p≠mbn-cp-∂p. Aev]wASp-∏-ap≈ hy‡n-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fnepwskbvXp apl-ΩZv CS-s]Spw. Ahn-hmlnXcmb sNdp-∏-°m-cm-W-¶n¬Ah¿°pth≠n I√ym-Wm-tem-N-\-Iƒ t]mepw \S-Øpw.

tImWnIv _m®n-edpw Bfl-kvt\-lnX-\p-ambncp∂ kpIp-am¿Ago-t°m-Sns\ ]e-t∏mgpw hnhm-l-Øn\p t]cn-∏n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p,skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv. - Ago-t°mSv Xs∂ ]d-™n-´p≠v: ""aqeyt_m-[-Ønepw hnizm-k-k-¶-ev]-ß-fn-ep-sams° hfsc ASp∏w Rßƒ X-Ωnep≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£, Rßƒ X-Ωn¬ G‰-hp-a-SpØ anX-ß-fm-


73


bXv CXpsIm-s≠m-∂p-a-√. CXntesd BZ¿-i]camb ASp-∏-ap-≈-h-cp-ambn Rm≥ ]nW-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. AXv thsd -Im-cyw. kvt\lw Hcp-Xcw Bfl-]-Imiw sIm≠v sXfn-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ tNtXmhn-Im-c-am-sW-¶n¬ BZ¿i-kmaytam, a‰p-_-‘-ßtfm AXns\ krjvSn-°p-∂n-√.a[p-c-amb Hcp clkyambn Ct∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚ AYhm At±-l-tØmSpff kvt\lw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p.''

kzm¿∞w h¿÷n®v a\p-jys\ kvt\ln-°p-hm≥ Ign-™-Xp-sIm-≠mhmw skbvXv F√m-h¿°pw DØ-a-kp-lr-Øm-bn-Øo¿∂-sX∂pw.Bfl-kp-J-Øn-∂-∏p-d-tØ°v t\m°m≥ IÆn-√m-Ø-h-cpsS \mń¬At±lw AXv pX-]-Xn- m-k-am-b-sX∂pw Ago-t°mSv XpS¿∂p ]d-bp-∂p.

Xncn®v F¥p In´pw F∂p-t\m°n kvt\ln-°p∂ ]tbm-P-\-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp-∂n√ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zv. \nkzm¿∞-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚kulr-Zw. Iq´p-Im¿°v th≠n X\n°v Ign-bm-hp-∂-sX¥pw At±-lw-sN-øp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-lsØ Hcp Imcy-Øn\p kao-]n-®n´v \ncm-i-cm-bn -a-S-tß≠n h-∂-h¿ A]q¿Δ-am-bn-cn-°pw. kplr-Øp-°-fpsS c£m-k-t¶-X-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hoSpw Hmôkpw. kplr-Øp-°sfCX-amXw hne-a-Xn-°p∂, a‰p≈-h-cpsS ap≥]n¬ Ah-cp-sS- I-gn-hp-Ifpb¿Øn°m-Wn°p∂ thsdm-cm-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Iq´p-Im-cn¬B¿s°-¶nepw Hchm¿tUm _lp-a-Xntbm e`n-®m¬, AXv -X-\n-°p≈AwKo-Im-c-am-sW∂ań¬ At∏mƒXs∂ At±lw kzoI-cWw kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. AXn\v Btem-N-\m-tbm-K-ß-sfm∂pw hnfn-®p-Iq-t´-≠-nh-cm-dn-√.-˛ GXm\pw t^m¨hnfn-Iƒ amXw: kzoI-c-W-kw-L-Øn¬ \nß-fp-sS- t]cpw hbv°p-∂p-≠v.

adn-s®m∂pw ]d-bm-\p≠m-hn√, kplr-Øp-°ƒ°v.- A-Xn-\p≈kzmX-¥yhpw skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZn∂v Ah¿ \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. B Dt±-iy-ip≤n Ah¿ am-\n-®n-cp-∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚ hnhn-[ -X-e-ß-fn-se√mwCØcw kulr-Z-_-‘-ßƒ At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p; B kulr-Z-h-e-b-Øn¬ ]e Xc-°m-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. -£n-]-tIm-]n-Ifpw hI-_p-≤n-Ifpw £am-io-e-cp-w Dƒs∏-sSbp≈-hscsbms° Iqń-bn-W-°n-s°m≠p \S-°m≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ t]mse Ign-bp∂h¿A]q¿Δw. _p≤n-Po-hn-Ifpw s]m^-k¿amcpw cmjvSo-b-t\-Xm-°fpw]WvUn-X-∑mcpw sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw km[m-c-W-°m-cp-sa√mw At±l-Øns‚ km∂n[yw Ft∏mgpw CjvS-s∏- p. icm-icn ]Xn-\-©p-t]¿s°-¶nepw Hcp- Zn-hkw IØp-I-fb-®ns√-¶n¬ A∂v At±-l-Øn∂vDd°whcn-√. Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp Im¿Un-ep≈ Hm¿Ω°p-dn-∏m-bn-cn°pw;As√-¶n¬ teJ-\-Øn-\p≈ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb H∂m-bn-cn-°pw. CuIØp-Iƒ IÆ-I-∂mepw Ic-fp-Isf ASp-∏n-°p∂ ]me-am-bn-cp-∂p,


74


skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw.

Im¥-i‡nk¬°m-c-]n-b-\m-bn-cp∂p, skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zv. kIp-Sp-w_w Nßm-

Xn-amsc hoń-te°v £Wn®psIm≠pt]m-Ipw. Ah-cpsS hoSp-I-fnepwIpSpw-_-k-μ¿i-\-ßƒ \S-Øpw. £Wthf-bn¬ Bsc-¶nepw IqsS-bn-s√-¶n¬ At±l-Øn∂v kpJ-ap-≠m-hn√. Iq´p-Im¿ hnhm-ln-X-cm-bm¬"Hcp ]pXn-bm-∏nf k¬°mcw' Dd-∏m-Wv. AhcpsS hy‡n]camb ZpxJ-ßƒ kz¥-sa-t∂mWtas‰-SpØv ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ ian-°pw. Xs‚ FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ°v t]mepw Ign-bp∂ klmbw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°pw. hmKzm-Z-ßƒ sIm≠v L\o-`-hn® kplrZv kZ- p-Isf \¿Ωa[p-c-amb ên-tXm-‡n-Iƒ sIm≠v s]s´∂v skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Ipfn¿Ω-bp-≈-Xm-Ipw.

Hmô-kn-em-sW-¶n¬, hoń¬ \n∂p sIm≠p-h-cp∂ DuWv Xs‚Ãm^mb Ite-i-t\mSpw K_n-tben-t\mSpsam∏-an-cp∂v Ign-°p∂skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns\ ImWmw. AhnsS ]¥n-bn¬ hnth-N-\-an-√. Cu]¥n-t`m-P-\-Øns‚ t]cn-em-Ws√m ktlm-Z-c-\-ø-∏s\ t]mep-≈-h¿X√p-sIm-≠-sX∂p At±lw ]d-bpw.

AXp t]mse Xs∂ ]g-b- ku-lr-Z-ßƒ Hcn-°epw skbvXpapl-ΩZv ad-∂n-cp-∂n-√. kvIqfn¬ Xt∂m-sSm∏w ]Tn-®n-cp∂ h©n-∏pc]n.hn tPmk-^ns\ ap∏-Ø©p h¿j-ßƒ°v tijw I≠-t∏mƒskbvXp apl-ΩZv Ab-hn-d-°n-bXv , tPmk-^ns‚ AΩ hnf-ºnbtNmdns‚ kzmZns\-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp∂p.

a\p-jy-sc Hcn-°¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´m¬, s]s´∂p Bfl-_‘wtXm∂p∂ Hcp- Xcw Im¥-i‡n skbvXp -ap-l-Ω-Zn-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p.tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Zan skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ hn.F F Akokvhnh-cn® Hcp kw`-hw.

""Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØp sh®v A°m-Zan tbmK-ßƒ IqSp-tºmƒ an°-t∏mgpw Rß-sfm-cp-an-®mWv bmX sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. Hcn-°¬ B‰n-ß-en\pw sIm√-Øn∂pw CS-bv°p-sh®v h≠n°v tISp-]-‰n. k‘y Ign-™n-cp-∂p. Hcp Kmaw, ASpØv Hcp -ap-dp-°m≥ IS t]mep-an-√. h≠nt\sc-bm-°m≥ Hcp aWn-°q-tdmfw th≠n-h-cpw. skbvXn\p Hcp Nmb-Ip-Sn-°-W-sa∂p \n¿_-‘w. tdmU-cnIn¬ I≠ kmam\yw t`Z-s∏´Hcp hoń-te°v At±lw IS-∂p-sN-∂p. F\n°v Aß-s\-sbmcpAUvvsh©¿ Hm¿°m≥ t]mepw Ign-bn-√. kmam\yw kp`n-£-ambnIgn-bp∂ Hcp apkvenw Krl-am-bn-cp-∂p AXv. Krl-\m-Y≥ Cd-ßn-h-∂p. ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Abmƒ°v skbvXns\ t\csØ Adn-bmw.sImSp-ß-√q-cp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-bm-fm-Wv. Ac -a-Wn-°q-tdmfw h¿Ø-


75


am\w ]d-™p. sImßnWn ae-bmfw At±lw A\m-bmkw A\p-I-cn°pw. Hcp-]mSv Xam-i-Iƒ ]d™v Nncn-®p. CXn-\nsS Nmbbpw eLp-`-£-Whpw h∂p. B Krl-\m-Ys\ kw_-‘n-°p∂ Kuc-h-ap≈ Nne-Im-cy-ßfpw CSbv°v kw`m-j-Whnj-b-ambn. skbvXns‚ \n¿t±-i-ßƒB a\p-jy∂v Bizmkw ]I-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

""AXn-\n-S°v thsd Nnecpw AhnsS kμ¿i-Icmbn h∂p. F√m-h-tcbpw FX thK-amWv skbvXp ]cn-N-b-s∏-´Xv! Hcp aWn-°q¿Ign-™mWv h≠n-bpsS tISp-]m-Sp-Iƒ Xo¿Ø-Xv. ]pd-s∏-Sm≥ t\cwXt±-i-hm-kn-I-fmb ]Øp ]Xn-\-©p-t]-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rßsf bmX-bm-°m≥.''

\¿tΩm-‡n-IƒKuc-h-ap≈ hnjb-ßƒ N¿® sNøp-tºmƒt]mepw A¥-co-£-

Øn∂p emL-h-ap-≠m-°p∂ \¿tΩm‡n-Iƒ, At±-l-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kplr-Øp-°-sf-sbms° Xam-i-t∏-cn´p hnfn-®mepwB¿°pw ]cm-Xn-bn-√. £n]-tIm-]n-bmb kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°m-Sns\"Zp¿Δm-kmhv' F∂mWv hnfn-°p-I. "tkmjy-en-Ãp-\m-K-cn-IX' F∂p]d-™m¬, AXp- s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bm-sW∂v kplr-Øp-°ƒ°-dn-bmw. ImcWw h¿°n-km-dns‚ ]kw-K-ß-fn¬ Bh¿Øn®phcp∂hm°m-W-Xv. Km‘n, ap\n, tjWm-bn, Icn-Im-e-tNm-f≥ H∂m-a≥, Icn-Im-e-tNm-f≥ c≠m-a≥, \o‰-S-°, Ic-Sn, Fcp-a, B\, ss^hvS¨...CØcw Ipkr-Xn-t∏-cp-Iƒ, Iq´p-Im-cpsS ]Ir-Xhpw ]Ir-Xnbpw]XoIh¬°-cn-°p-∂-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p."-B-tLmjw skbvXv apl-ΩZv'F∂v hnfn®v Ah-cn¬ Nn-e¿ a[p-c-ambn ]I-ho-´p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

sIm®n-bn¬ Aa-cm-h-Xn-bn¬ Xma-kn-®n-cp∂ Ime-Øv, sImßn-Wn-Ifpw IpSpw-_n-I-fp-ambn _‘s∏ńcp∂ skbvXp apl-ΩZv Ah-cpsS kw`m-j-W-ssien \¿Ωa[p-c-ambn A\p-I-cn°pw: ""F¥msSmXm≥ aXn¬ s]m°n t\m°tW!''

Hcn-°¬ Hcp _‘p acn® hnh-c-a-dn-™-t∏mƒ skbvXv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv Cß-s\-bmWv ""\√ a\p-jy≥. sXmÆqdmw hb- n¬AImeNc-a-a-S-™p.''

ASpØ kplr-Øm-bn-cp∂ tUm: kn.sI.Ico-ans‚ `mcy A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p: ""Rß-fpsS hoń¬ ]e Xc-Øn-ep≈ Bfp-Ifpw hcm-dp-≠v. cmjvSob°mcpw kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑mcpw kmwkvIm-cn-I hnZym-`ymk]h¿Ø-Icpw DtZym-K-ÿ-∑m-cp-sams°. ]s£; skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ t]mse hoń¬ Ib-dp∂ \nanjw apX¬ t]mIp-∂-Xp-hsc Nncn-∏n-°p-Ibpw kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ hy‡n-Iƒ Cs√∂p


76


Xs∂ ]d-bmw. -I-øn-se-s¥-¶nepw Hcp henb s]mXn-bp-ambn aS-°n-°p-Ønb ap≠p-am-b-t±lw Nncn-®psIm≠v Ib-dn-h-cpw. B∏n-tfm \mc-ß-tbm _nkv°t‰m Aß-s\- Fs-¥-¶nepambn-cn-°p-a-Xn¬. IS-∂-]msStNmZy-ambn: ]pXn-bmπ FhnsS? At∏mƒ XpS-ßp∂ Nncn ]ns∂ CtX-hn[w Hmtcm∂p ]d-bp-tºmgpw IqSp-X¬ ]^p-√-am-Ip-∂p. Hcn-°¬skbvXp apl-ΩZv X\n-®mWv h∂-Xv. Rm≥ tNmZn®p: JZoP Ct√?

DS≥ adp-]Sn: ]cp°p]‰n InS-∏n-em-Wv.

h√ hogvNtbm at‰m kw`-hn®n-cn°psa∂v IcpXn D¬°-WvT-tbmsS Rßƒ tNmZn®p: ht√-SØpw hoW-XmtWm?

""A√; K¿`w.''-Nncn-®psIm≠v skbvXp apl-ΩZns‚ adp-]-Sn. Nncn-bpsS B Ae-sbm-en-bn¬ Rß-sfms° Aen™p tN¿∂p.

C¥y≥ lntÃm-dn-°¬ sdt°m¿Uvkv IΩo-js‚ 41-˛mw ktΩ-f-\-Øn∂v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØp sN∂-t∏mƒ skbvXp apl-ΩZpw IpSpw-_hpw GXm\pw Znhkw Xß-fpsS hoń¬ Xßnb kw -hhpw mØn-am Icow hnh-cn-°p∂p: ""Rß-fpsS hoń¬ c≠p aq∂v Znhkw Hcp-’-h-Øns‚ ]Xo-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tImh-fØp t]mIm-s\m-cpßn F√m-hcpwCdßn. -At∂cw skbvXv JZo-P-tbmSv Bcm™p: "FhnsS Ãm≥Uvv?''

""Rßƒ°v Imcyw a\-kn-em-bn-√. Cf-b- a-Iƒ kn‘p-hn-s\- A∂-hƒ°v aq∂p-h-b-t -bp-≈q-. "Sm≥kn-Ã¿' F∂mWv skbvXp apl-ΩZv ]d-bm-dv. FhnsSbpw Iøn¬ sIm≠p\S-°p∂ Sm≥kn-Ã¿ F∂A¿∞-Øn¬. ]s£; Ãm≥Uv F∂p ]d-bp-∂tXm?˛ AtXm ? Sm≥kn-Ã¿ LSn-∏n-°p∂ Ãm≥Uv. skbvXp apl-ΩZv ]d™p Xo¿∂n√;Ipńsb FSp°p∂ the-°mcn h∂p Sm≥kn-Ã¿ bYm-ÿ-eØvsh®p.''

iXp-hns\ anX-am-°p∂ ck-X¥wkplr-Øp-°fpsS IpSpw-_-ßsf kz¥w IpSpw_sØ t]mse

ImWm≥ Ign -™n -cp -∂XpsIm≠mWv At±lw C∂pwAhcpsSsbms° a\ pI-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂Xv. Xm≥ kvt\ln® GsXm-cm-sfbpw Xs‚ IpSpw -_-Ønse Hcw-K-ambn IW-°m-°mt\At±lØn\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. CXn\p ImcWw skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øn-ep≈ B Im¥n-I-kv]¿iw Xs∂-bm-Wv.]ikvX `mjm-]-finX\mbn-cp∂ tUm. sI. Fw tPm¿÷v skbvXpapl-Ω-Zp-am-bp≈ kulr-Z-Øns‚ IY ]d-bp∂p:

""FX thK-amWv B ]cn-Nbw KmVkulr-Z-ambn hnI-kn-®-Xv.FX kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-´mWv c≠p hy‡n-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ kulrZw


77


c≠p IpSpw-_-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ kulr-Z-ambn hnI-kn-®-Xv. RßƒIpSpw-_-ambn Fd-Wm-Ip-f-Øp≈ Ah-cpsS hkXn H∂n-e-[nIw XhWkμ¿in-®n- p-≠v. AXp-t]mse skbvXp apl-ΩZpw IpSpw-_-Ønse a‰w-K-ßfpw tN¿∂p Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp≈ RßfpsS hk-Xnbn¬ AXn-Yn-I-fmbn h∂n´pap≠v. hnkvXrX-amb Cu kulr-Z-Øns‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw F√m AwK-ßƒ°pw Gsd-°psd Ds≠-¶nepw AXns‚ ]`-hw icn°pw Znhw-K-X-\mb skbvXp apl-Ω-Zm-sW-∂-Xn¬ F\n°vktμ-l-an-√.''

Xt∂mSv AhK-W-\tbmsS s]cp-am-dp-∂-hsc t]mepw anX-am-°m≥Ign-bp∂ hy‡n]`mhw skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\ t]mse A[n-I-am¿°pwAh-Im-is∏Sm\m-hp-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√. Xs‚ ]mX-bn¬ X\n°p]pdtI hcp∂ Hcp bphm-hns\ I≠p-ap- p-tºmƒ, Abmƒ Xs‚ hna¿i-I-\m-sW-∂-dn-™n- pw, lrZ-b-]q¿Δw s]cp-am-dm≥ At±-l-Øn∂p Ign-™n-cp-∂p. Hcp A\p-`hw ASq¿ cmaNμ≥ \m-b¿ hnh-cn-®n´p≠v. BbphNcn-X-Im-cs‚ ]pkvX-I-Ønse BZy teJ-\w- Xs∂ skbvXpapl-Ω-Zns\ \J-in-Jm¥w FXn¿ØpsIm≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n´pwF≥. _n. F ns\s°m≠v AXns‚ ]km-[\w Gs‰-Sp-∏n-°m≥ i‡n-bmbn ]h¿Øn-®Xv skbvXp apl-Ω-Zm-sW∂dn™-t∏mƒ cma-N-μ≥\m-b¿ AZv`p-X-s∏-´p-t]m-bn. skbvXp apl-ΩZv ]d™p: \ΩpsS Ncn-X-km-ln-Xy-Øn∂p Hcp apX¬°q- mWv \nß-fpsS ]pkvXIw. AhnsShy‡n-KXamb Xmev]-cy-ßƒ°v ]k-‡n-bn-√. -hnZym- ymka¥nbpsShk-Xn-bn¬ sh®v cma-N-μ≥ \mbsc BZy-ambn I≠p-ap-´n-b-t∏mƒ,kp]-cn-Nn-X-t\m-sS-∂Xpt]mse Bth-i-]q¿Δw lkvX-Zm\w sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw.

""skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns\∏‰n Nne sX‰n-≤m-c-W-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂Rm≥ Aen™pt]mIp-∂-Xmbn tXm∂n. Ak-ln-jvWp-hmb Hsc-gp-Øp-Im-cs‚ IØn-°m-fp∂ Aa¿j-Øns‚ kzcw Rm≥ At±-l-Øns‚hm°p-I-fn¬ tI´n-√. GXm≠v Ac -a-Wn-°q¿ Rßƒ kwkm-cn-®p.Xs‚ IpSpw-_-Ønse Hcw-K-tØm-Sp≈ kvt\l-hm-bvt]m-sS-bmWvAt±lw Ft∂mSv s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv.''

sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS tXmg≥t^m¿´p-sIm-®n-bnse Xma-k-Im-eØv Xpd-apJsXmgn-em-fn-I-fp-ambn

ASp-Øn-S-]-g-Im≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn\v km[n-®p. ]pdw-I-S-en¬ I∏-e-Sp-°p-tºmƒ sIm®p-sh-fp-∏m≥ ImeØv Npa-´p-tPm-en°v t]mIm-\p≈Hcp Nm∏-°p -th≠n Ãnh-tUm¿am-cpsS ]Sn-°¬ ImØp-In-S-∂n-cp∂sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS Pohn-X-Zp-cn-X-ßƒ I≠-dn-bm≥ AXt±-lsØ klm-


78


bn-®p. km[m-c-W-°m-cmb Hmtcm sXmgn-em-fn-bp-tSbpw t]sc-SpØv ]d-bm≥ Ign-bpw-hn[w KmV-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cp-am-bp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ssZ\w-Zn\ _‘w. AsXms° hnkvX-cn®v At±-l-sa-gp-Xn-bn-´p-ap-≠v.

""Xpd-ap-J-sØm-gn-em-fn bqWn-bs‚ ]X-t\m-∞m-\-ß-fn¬ Nne L -ß-fn¬ F\n°v `mK-`m-°m-tI-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠v. t\Xm-°≥am¿°v IptdIgn-bptºmƒ, kzbw aSp°ptºmƒ, kzbw aμ-Xsb ]pWcpw. tSUvbqWn-b≥ ]h¿Ø\w Hcp Pohn-tXm-]m-[n-bm-°n-bn-´n-√m-Ø-h-cm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿°v Aß-s\ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv.''

Xncp-sIm-®n-bn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]ÿm\w ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-∂-Xn¬henb ]¶p-h-ln® kJmhv bqk^v, Sn.-hn.-tXm-akv F∂o t\Xm-°ƒap≥I-sø-SpØv, IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n kn.‰n.‰nbphp-ambn kl-I-cn®v]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xns\ Ipdn®v Btem-Nn-°p-∂-Xns\ Ipdn®pw At±lwshfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. (Xp-d-ap-J-sØm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ Fs‚ kvac-W-I-fn¬˛kn.-‰n.-‰n.bp kn¬h¿ Pq_nen kph-\o¿)

sXmgn-em-fn-I-fp-am-bp≈ kulr-Z-amWv skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv ac-W-a-S-™-t∏mƒ, At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-k-lm-b-\n-[nsb e£y-Øn-se-Øn-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v Bth-ihpw t]c-W-bp-am-bXv Hcp cmjvSo-b-I-£n-bp-ambpw _‘-an-√mØ as‰mcp kmwkvIm-cnI t\Xm-hns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ sXmgn-emfnkaq-l-Øn¬ \n∂v CØcw Hcp kao-]-\-ap-≠m-bn-´pt≠m F∂v kwi-b-am-Wv. CX-t±lw Zo¿L-Z¿i\w sNbvX-Xp-t]msetXm∂pw. Cu hm°p-Iƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ:

""Xpd∂v kvt\ln-°m\pw kvt\ln-°p-∂-hsc BZ-cn-°m\pw AwKo-I-cn-°m\pw a\p-jys‚ kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fn¬ Aen-™p-tN-cm\pw `mcwNpa-°p-∂-h¿°v Ignbpw F∂-XmWv sXmgn-em-fn-bpsS XØz-im-kvXw.AXp-t]mse Xs∂ Ah-cpsS ]iv\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v apX-se-Sp-°p-∂-h-tcmSp≈ Bg-Øn-ep≈ shdp∏v Ah-cpsS a\- n-eq-dn-°n-S-°pw. kμ¿`w-h-∂m¬ ]pd-Øm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.''


79


Ggv

IpSpw-_-\m-Y≥

""]S-®-h≥ Rßƒ°v ]Xn-t\gv sIm√w amXta X∂p-≈q.F∂m¬ At±lw F\n°v Hcm-bp-jvIm-e-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ kvt\lwX∂p. At±-l-Øn-\p- tijw aq∂-c ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ IS-∂p-t]msb¶nepwHcp Znhkw t]mepw Hm¿Ωn-°m-Xn-cp-∂n-´n-√.''

JZo-P-So-®¿ D≈nse s\cn-t∏m-S-a¿Ønsh®p-sIm≠v ]d-bp-∂p.hn[n I\n™p \¬Inb H∂c hymg-h-´-tØmfw Imew amXrImZº-Xn-I-fmbn Ah¿ Pohn-®p. kuμ-cy-∏n-W-°-ß-fn-√m-sX ]c-kv]cw a\- n-em-°nbpw s]mcp-Ø-s∏- p-ap≈ Pohn-Xw. Adp-]-Xp-I-fpsS BZy-Øn-em-h-Ww, skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv kmln_pw JZoP So®dpw ssItIm¿Øp]nSn-®v, a´mt©cn Ãm¿ Sm°o-kn\p ap∂n-ep≈ tdmUn-eqsS t]mIp-∂-Xv A∂v kvIqƒ hnZym¿∞n-bmbncp∂ Rm≥ t\m°n \n∂p, kmln-Xy-Im-c-\mb ]n.-F-tbm-Sp≈ kvt\lm-Z-c-ß-tfmsS. A∂v RßƒXΩn¬ ]cn-N-b-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. FX a\- n-W-ßnb Zº-Xn-Iƒ F∂vB Iuam-c-]m-b-Øn¬ t]mepw F\n°v tXm∂n-t∏m-bn. ]n∂oSv Ccp-h-cp-ambpw ASp-Øn-S-]-g-Im≥ Ign-™-t∏mgpw AXn¬ am‰w h∂n-√.

tIm´bw Pn√-bnse ap≠-bv°¬ kztZ-in-\n-bmb JZoP Ncn-X-Im-c-\mb ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ PohnX]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-∂Xv BI-kvan-I-am-b-√. Aº-Xp-I-fpsS Ah-km-\-amWv JZoP Fd-Wm-Ipfwam¿°‰v tdmUn-ep≈ apkvenw kvIqfn¬ A[ym-]n-I-bmbn hcp-∂-Xv.hnZzm≥ ]co£ ]mkmb JZo-P ]n∂oSv ae-bmfw _n.F ss]h-‰mbn


80


Fgp-Xn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp eohv th°≥kn-bn-emWv \nb-a-\w. Fd-Wm-IpfsØ hyh-km-b]ap-J-\m-bn-cp∂ F._n sIm®pÆnkmln-_ns‚ \nb-¥-W-Øn-emWv kvIqƒ. A∂p Fkv.-F≥. hn kZ\whna≥kv tlmÃ-en-em-bn-cp∂p Xma-kw.

F.-_n.-sIm-®pÆnbmWv skbv-Xp-ap-l-Ω-Zpam-bp-≈ hnhm-lm-tem-N\ sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ Bfl-kp-lr-Øm-bn-cp-∂p ]n.-F.Hcp Znhkw Iq´p-Im-cp-ambn kvIqfn¬ h∂v ]c-kv]cw I≠p. ae-bmfw]Tn-∏n-°p∂ A[ym-]n-Isb Ncn-X-Im-c∂pw, Ncn-X-sØbpw kwkvIm-c-sØ-bpw -Ip-dn®v D÷z-e-ambn ]kw-Kn-°p∂ kmln-Xy-Im-cs\ A[ym-]n-Ibv°pw CjvS-s∏-´p. Aß-s\-bmWv B hnhmlw \S-∂-Xv. A∂vskbvXpl-ΩZv, PamAØv sÛ-td-j-\p-ambn _‘-s∏ v tIc-f-Ønseapkvenw-Isf kw_-‘n® ÿnXn-hn-hcßfpsS Kth-j-W-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. kmap-Zm-bnIImcy-ß-fn¬ Ne-\m-flI-ambn ]h¿Øn°m-\p≈-At±-l-Øns‚ D’m-lhpw Zo¿L-ho-£-W-hp-amWv sIm®pÆn kmln-_ns\ BI¿jn-®-Xv. A∂v PamAØns‚ skI-´dn No^v F©n-\nbdmbn-cp∂ Sn.-]n.-Ip-ýmap kmln-_m-bn-cp-∂p.

JZo-Pbv°v A©v ktlm-Z-cn-Ifpw aq∂v ktlm-Z-c∑m-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS aIsf hnhmlw sNbvXXv PÃnkv ]n.-sI.-jw-kp-±o-\m-Wv. AXns‚ ]nt‰ amk-am-bn-cp∂p ]n.F skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZpw JZo-Pbpw XΩn-ep≈ IeymWw. kvIqfn-∂-Sp-Øp≈ -- sIm-®pÆnkmln-_ns‚ Hcp sNdnb hoń¬ Ah¿ s]mdp-Xn-bm-cw-`n-®p. aqØ-a-Iƒ Pmkvans\ ]k-hn-®Xv ChnsSsh®mWv. ]n∂oSv GI-tZiw ]Øph¿jw Ign-™mWv Kncn-\-K-dn-ep≈ kz¥w hoń-te°v amdn-b-Xv. amkw-tXmdpw KUp-°-fmbn AS-®mWv AXns‚ tem¨ Xo¿Ø-Xv.

PohnXw AX Kuc-h-ambn FSp-Øn- n-√mØ it≤-b-\mb HcpkmwkvIm-cnI ]h¿Ø-Is‚ mcy F∂ \nebv°v ]mcw`L´-Øn¬ZmºXyPohnXw Fhn-sS-s®-s∂-Øp-sa∂ i¶-bm-bn-cp∂p JZo-P-bv°v.F∂m¬ Imew sN√p-t¥mdpw At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-hp-ambpw a\- p-ambpw CW-ßn-t®-cm≥ Ign-™p. Btcbpw D]-Z-hn-°msX, F∂m¬a‰p-≈-h¿°v Fs¥-¶nepw \∑-sN-bvXp-sIm≠v ]h¿Øn-°m-\m-hp-sa-¶n¬ IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw AXn∂p XS- -am-hp-I-bn-s√∂v a\- n-em-bn.

""s]mXpsh kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cn¬ ImWp∂ ]e Zu¿_ey-ßfn¬\n∂pw hn`n-∂-am-bn, Nn´-sbmØ Pohn-X-co-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p ]n.-F.-bp-tS-Xv''˛ JZo-Pm-So-®¿ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p. cmXn HºtXm ]tØm aWn°v Dd-ßp-Ibpw cmhnse \mep aWn°v DW-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Zn\-N-cy. cmXnkplr-Øp-°ƒ XΩn¬ kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-epw, X\n°v Dd-


81


ßm≥ ka-b-ambn F∂v ]d™v InS-°m≥ t]mIp∂ ioew. shfp-∏n\v Fgp-t∂-‰n-cp-∂mWv FgpØpw hmb-\-bpw. \n»-_vZhpw im¥-hp-amb B A¥-co-£-Øn¬ a\ pw _p≤nbpw DW¿∂v ]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂Xn\m-emWv B kabw AXn\p Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xv.

""Fs‚ Iø-£cw tami-amWv, \osbm-s∂-gpXv'' F∂p ]d™vNne-t∏mƒ IS-emkpw t]\bpw So®sd G¬∏n-°pw. JZo-P-bp-tSXv \√hSn-shmØ Ibv]-S-bm-Wv. GXv hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®m-bmepw A\n¿§fw]d-™p-sIm-Sp-sØ-gp-Xn-°m≥ ]n.F bv°v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚kplr-Øp-°-sf-bpw ]h¿Ø-\-a-WvU-e-ß-sfbpw Hmô-kp-Im-cy-ß-sfbpw Ipdn-s®√mw ]n.F kl-[¿Ωn-Wn-bp-ambn XpS¿∂v N¿® sNøpw.A`n-]m-b-am-cm-bpw. Hcp kplrØv F∂ \ne-bn-emWv At±lw mcysbI≠-Xv. `¿Ømhv hym]-cn-°p∂ taJ-e-I-sf-∏‰n `mcy Adn-™n-cn-°-W-sa∂v At±-l--Øn\v \n¿∫-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AhnsS amX-amWvZmº-Xy-_-‘-Øn\pw IpSpw_kam-[m-\-Øn\pw \ne-\n-ev]p-≈sX∂-t±-l-Øn-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.

hen-sbmcp AXnYn-k¬°mc ]nb-\m-bn-cp∂p ]n.-F. Ft∏m-gpw `£-W-Øn\v H∂pc≠v kplr-Øp-°-fp-≠m-bncn-°pw. AXv ]e-t∏mgpw IpSpw__P-‰ns‚ Xmfw sX‰n-°pw. hc-hn-t\-°mƒ Nne-th-dp-tºmƒ Aev]w i≤n-°-W-sa∂v ]d-™m¬ At±lw AX Imcy-ambn IW-°m-°p-I-bn-√. ""s]Ïp-ń-I-fmWv \Ωp-tS-Xv, Ah-cpsS`mhnsb°p-dn®v Btem-Nn-°-Ww.'' Nne-t∏mƒ So®¿ ]d-bpw.

""Ipń-Iƒ°v \√ `£-Whpw hnZym-`ym-khpw \¬Ip-I, ]ns∂-sb√mw Xmt\ icn-s∏- p-sIm-≈pw.''F∂v Zm¿i-\nI-s\-t∏mse At±lwadp-]Sn \¬Ipw. Ct∏mƒ Hm¿Øp-t\m-°p-tºmƒ AsX-X -i-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip-∂p. At±lw acn-°p-tºmƒ Pmkvan-\pwkn‘phpw uknbbpw shdpw s]mSn-°p-™p-ßƒ. \√ hnZym- ymkw\¬Im≥ Ign-™-Xp-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS PohnXw kpc-£n-X-am-bn.Pmkvan≥ tUmIvS-dmbn Ata-cn-°-bn¬ kzÿPohnXw \bn-°p-∂p.F©n-\n-b-dmb kn‘p Zp_m-bn--em-Wv. kwKo-Xm-[ym-]n-I-bmb ukn-b-bmWv JZo-P-So-®-tdm-sSm∏w \mń-ep-≈Xv. ""A√en-√msX Pohn-°-Ww. ]Ww Iqńh®n´p Imcy-an-√. ]nt∂m´p Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ\ncm-i-s∏-tS-≠n-h-c-cp-Xv.'' ˛]n.F ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv Ihn Nß-ºp-g-sb-∏‰n At±-l-Øns‚ hn[hae-bm-f-\mSv hmcn-Ibn¬ Ft¥m Hs° Xpd-s∂-gp-Xn-bt∏mƒ JZo-Pm-So-®¿ Ak-ly-X-tbmsS ]d™p: ""Fs¥m-s°bm Cu kvXo Fgp-Xn-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv! hen-sbmcp Ihn--sb-∏‰n Bfp-Iƒ°p≈ BZ-chpw


82


kvt\lhpw C√m-Xm-Ip∂ hn[w Fgp-Xn-bn-s´¥p In´m-\m-Wv?''

""AXn-s\¥m? Rm≥ acn-®m¬ \n\°pw Fs∂-∏‰n Cß-s\-sbms° Fgp-Xmw.''˛ ]Xn-hp-t]mse Nncn-®p-sIm≠v Xam-i-bmbnAt±lw ]d-™p. F∂m¬ s]mXp-cwKØv ]h¿Øn-°p∂ ]e-tcbpwt]mse, ad-®p-h-bvt°-≠-Xmb H∂pw ]n.-F.-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønep≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]pI-h-en-tbm aZy-]m-\-tam- XpSßn A-km-∑m¿§n-I-amb Hcpioe-hp-an-√mØ, Xpd∂ hy-‡n-Xz-Øns‚ DS-a-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.AX-Xs∂ \njvI-f-¶-hp-am-bn-cp∂p B a\- pw.

]n.F tbmsSm-∏-ap≈ Xs‚ PohnXw ]Xn-t\-gp-h¿jta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p≈p-sh-¶nepw as‰mcp kvXo°pw e`n-°mØ Hcp \√ PohnXwAt±lw X∂n-´p-s≠∂v So®¿ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p: Cu Ipd™ ImesØPohn-X-Øn-\nsS Rßƒ XΩn¬ Hcp A]-ipXnbp-ap-≠m-bn-√. kwXr-]vX-amb Hcp IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ apt∂m-´p≈ KXn°v i‡-ambAh-ew_w \¬Ip-∂-Xv kulr-Z-]q¿Δw s]cp-am-dm≥ Ign-bp∂`mcym`¿Øm-°-∑m-cm-sW∂v At±lw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°epwAt±lw tZjy-s∏- n-√. shdp∏v ImWn-®n-√. \¿Ω-t_m[w \nd™ Hcplr-Z-bam-bn-cp-∂p, ]n.F bptS-Xv. FX henb ]iv\-tØbpw emL-h-tØmsS A`o-ap-Jo-I-cn-°m≥ AXv klm-bn-®p.

kmº-ØnI_p≤n-ap-´p-I-sfm∂pw Imcy-ambn B IpSpw-_-Øn\vA\p-`-hn-t°≠n h∂n-´n-√. Nne k¿°m¿ IΩ-‰n-I-fn-sems°bp≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]n.-F.-bp-tS-bpw A[ym-]I tPmen-bn¬ \n∂v So®-dn-s‚bpw hcp-am\w sIm≠v F√mw H∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ km[n-®p. amX-a√ ]e-t∏mgpw Ccp-h-cp-tSbpw IpSpw-_-Øn-ep-≈-h-sc klm-bn-°m\pw Ign-™p. kn.-F-®v.apl-Ω-ZvtImb hnZym-`ymk a¥n-bm-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv ]n.-F.sb tIc-f-km-lnXy A°m-Zan sshkv ]kn-U-≠m-°p-∂-Xv. lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ ]e s]mP-IvSp-Iƒ°pw kn.-F-®v. kmº-ØnI ]n≥_ew \¬In.

kmwkvIm-cnIcwK-Øp-≈-h¿ XΩn¬ CS-bv°nsS D≠m-Ip∂ ]nW-°-ßƒ Xo¿°m≥ ]n.F-bmWv ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv. t]m™n-°cdm^nbpw kpIp-am¿ Ago-t°mSpw XΩn-ep≈ hg°v Xo¿Øv kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Ahsc tbmPn-∏n-®-Xv Hcp DZm-l-c-Ww. kplr-Øp-°ƒ°p th≠n F¥p sNøm\pw Xøm-dm-bn-cp∂p, ]n.-F. AXn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn-®m¬ ]dbpw: ""kplr-Øp-°-fmWv Fs‚kºm-Zyw. Rm≥ acn-®m¬ \n\°v AXv t_m[y-s∏-Spw.''

AXv icn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Imew sXfn-bn-®p. At±-l-Øns‚


83


hntbm-K-Øn-\p-tijw h¿j-ß-tfmfw ASpØ kplr-Øp-°ƒkIpSpw_w Kncn-\-K¿ tImf-\n-bnse k¿§w F∂ sIm®p-ho-ń¬FØp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n.-F.-bpsS Bfl-kp-lr-Øpw, BZysØ sIm®ntab-dp-am-bn-cp∂ sIm®pÆn amÃ-dpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ kzcq-]n® IpSpw-_-k-lm-b-^≠v BWv Pmkvan-s\bpw kn‘p-hn-s\bpw ûkn-b-sbbpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm≥ D]-I-cn-®-Xv. Hcp Imc-W-h-sc-t∏mse amÃ¿,kplr-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ i≤n-®p. \n¿Æm-bIL´-ß-fn¬Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m≥ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \¬In. ]\-b-∏-≈n-bn-ep≈ At±-l-Øns‚ hońse Hmtcm AwKhpw _‘p-°-tfm-sS∂-Xp-t]mse s]cp-am-dn. CsX√mw ]n.-F-bpsS kpIrXw H∂p-sIm-≠p-am-X-am-sW∂v JZo-PSo-®¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

JZo-P-So-®sd s]mXp-cw-KØv ]h¿Øn-°m≥ t]cn-∏n-®Xpw ]n.FBbn-cp-∂p. Fd-Wm-Ipfw apkvenw hnsa≥kv Atkm-kn-tb-js‚bpwtlmÃ-en-s‚bpw ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ So®¿ apgp-In-b-t∏mƒ AXn∂p]n≥_ew \¬In. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu s]mXp]h¿Ø\w, Xs‚ ]nb-s∏- -hs‚ hntbm-K-Øn-ep≈ ZpxJØn¬ \n∂p Ipsd-sbms° tamN\wt\Sm≥ klmbn-®p.

1995-˛¬ A[ym-]IPohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂p hnc-an® JZoP So®¿ Fd-Wm-Ip-fsØ k¿§-Øn¬ aIƒ ûkn-b-tbm-sSm∏w Pohn-°p-∂p.


84


F´v:

A¥yw

1975 Unkw-_¿ 19

ASn-b-¥cmhÿ-°m-eamWv. ]s£; skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmln-_n∂p hni-a-an-√. ]Xn-hp-t]mse At±lw Fd-Wm-Ipfw tlmkv]n-‰¬ tdmUn-ep≈ lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ Hmô-kn-se-Øn. Ite-i\pw K_n-tbepw tPm¿÷p-sa-√m-ap-≠v. h∂-]msS Ãm^n-t\mSv Ipi-e-]-iv\-ßƒ sNøpI ]Xn-hm-Wv. ]ns∂ ]Xn-\©p t]¿s°¶nepwIsØ-gpXpw. t^m¨ sNøpw. \nc-¥-c-amb kº¿°-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWvAt±lw Xs‚ hn]p-e-amb kplrZvkmamPyw ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øn-b-Xv.

Ago-t°mSv hnfnt®m? dm^n? H.]n? sIm®pÆn amÃ¿?

kplr-Øp-°ƒ Ctßm´p hnfn-®n-s√-¶n¬ Atßm´v hnfn-°p-sa-∂p-d-∏m-Wv. s]mXp-Im-cy-ßfpw hy‡n]camb Imcy-ß-fp-sa√mw N¿®m-hn-j-b-amIpw. Xam-i-Iƒ ]dbpw. At±lØns‚ kckkw`m-jWwtIƒ°m≥ Xs∂ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ Hmô-kn¬ hcp-∂-h-cp≠v. A°q-´-Øn¬ £n]-tIm-]n-Ifpw hI-_p-≤n-Ifpw hnIm-c-Po-hn-Ifpw ka-Nn-Ø-X-bp-≈-h-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw. Ah-sc-sb√mw Iqń-bn-W°n sIm≠pt]mIp∂Xnem-bn-cp-∂p skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ ssh`hw. NqtS-dnb hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ t]mepw Ccp I£n-I-tfbpw ]nW-°msXim¥-cm-°p-hm-\p≈ Akm-[m-c-W-amb Ign-hv.


85


A∂p-ap-≠mbn Hcp X¿°w.- kn.]n.io-[-c\pw alm-cm-PmkvtImtf-Pnse s]m^ apl-ΩZpw XΩn-em-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Xs‚ Hc-SpØkplr-Ømb Fgp-ØpIm-cs\ hna¿in®v io[-c≥ \SØnb ]cm-a¿iw] -k¿°n-jvS-am-bn√. At±lw FXn¿∏p ]I-Sn-∏n®p. skbvXp apl-ΩZv Xs‚ ]£Øv tNcp-sa∂v At±lw shdpsX BK-ln®p. F∂m¬At±lw Hcp-]-£Øpw tNcmsX Xam-iIƒ ]d™v A¥-co-£Ønepd™p IqSnb a™p-cp-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. bmsXm-∂p-ap-≠m-Im-ØXp t]mse io[-c\pw s]m^.apl-ΩZpw Nncn-®p-sIm≠vssIsIm-SpØv ]ncn-™p.

cmXn hońseØnbt∏mƒ ]Wn Xocm-\n-cn-°p∂ lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ sIń-S-sØ-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp∂p skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ Nn¥.Hmtcm Unkw-_-dnepw ASp-Ø-h¿jw sNbvXpXo¿t°≠ ]h¿Ø-\-ßsf°pdn®v Nne Xocp-am\ßsf-Sp-°pI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. ]Wn-I-sf√mw Xo¿Øv \h-h-’-c-Zn-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥, ]pXnbsIń-S-Øn¬ XpSß-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p BKlw. alm-cm-Pmkv tImfPvImº-kn-\-IØv Xs∂ aq∂p-\n-e-bn-ep≈ sIń-Sw. Xmsg \ne-Iƒ hmS-Ibv°p sImSp°mw. G‰hpw apI-fnse \ne-bnemWp Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ Hmô-kv. Ib-dm≥ Aev]w _p≤n-ap-t´≠nh-cpw. AsXm∂pwBtem-Nn®n´p Imcy-an-√.

cmXn F´p a-Wn-bmbn°mWpw. sIm®n-bn¬ \n∂v BkmZvsse_-dn-bpsS skI-´dn Ja-dp-±o≥ h∂-Xt∏m-gmWv. h\nXm hn`m-K-Øns‚ DZvLm-S-\sØ Ipdn-®m-tem-Nn-°m-\m-Wv. Bsc-sbm-s°-bmWv£Wn-t°-≠Xv? AhscsIm-≠p-t]m-Im-\p≈ G¿∏m-Sp-I-sfms°Fßs\?˛ auem\m BkmZv tkmtjym˛ Iƒ®-d¬ sk‚¿ XpS-ßn-bXp apX¬ skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmln-_mWv D]-tZ-jvSm-hv. At±-l-tØm-Sm-tem-Nn-°msX H∂pw sNøm-dn-√.

JZo-Pm-So-®¿ eØo-^ns\ hnfn-®p. F≥.-sI.-F.-e-Øo-^mWvsse_dnbpsS F√mw. DZvLm-S-\-sØ-∏‰n kwkm-cn®psIm≠n-cns°At±-lw- tNm-Zn®p: "amjns√?'

]n∂oSv kwkm-cn-®Xv skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmln-_mWv; \¿Ω-c-k-Øn-ep≈ B ]Xn-hp-ssi-en-bn¬: ""Ja-dp-±o≥ s]Æp-ßsf kwL-Sn-∏n-°m-\n-d-ßn-bn-cn-°-bm-W-s√.''

]ns∂ s]mXp-Imcy]k-‡n-bp≈ ]e Imcyßsf Ipdn®pwkwkm-cn-®p. Znh-khpw Hcp t\c-sa-¶nepw sSe-t^m-Wn¬ Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw kwkm-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√. ""\n¿Øs´ \msf ImWmw'' F∂p ]d-™mWv AX-h-km-\n-∏n-®-Xv.


86


]nt‰Znhkw Xs‚ hgn-Im-ńsb Poh-t\msS ImWm\mhns√∂veØo^v Hm¿Øn-cp-∂n-√-.

At∏mgpw Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ sIń-S-Øns‚ DZvLm-S-\sØ Ipdn-®m-bn-cp-∂p, skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmln-_ns‚ Nn¥.-

""efn-X-amb NS-ßp- a-Xn. Aev]w I¬°-≠hpw DW-°-ap-¥n-cnbpw hcp-∂-h¿°v sImSp-°mw, As√?''˛- JZoPm So®-tdmSv ]d-™p.s]mXp-Im-cy-ß-fm-sW-¶nepw F√mw Xs‚ kl-[¿Ωn-Wn-bp-ambn N¿®sNøm-dp≠v. I√ymWw Ign-™-\mƒ sXm-t´-bp≈ ioe-am-Wv. Xs‚s]mXp-]-h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-tbm Iq´p-Im-sctbm Ipdn-®p-≈ H∂pw Pohn-X-]-¶m-fn-bn¬ \n∂v ad®phbv°m-dn-√.

Atkm-kntbjs‚bpw kmln-Xy-]-c-nj-Øn-s‚bpw sIń-S-ßƒFXbpw thKw ]q¿Øn-bm-°W-sa∂ Nn¥ Ie-i-embn-cp∂p. aq∂p-Zn-hkw apºv ]cn-jØv skI-´dn sI.-Sn.Xcys\ I≠-t∏mƒ At±lw]d™p: ""]cnjØn\v kz¥-amb Hcp sIńSw \n¿Ωn-°p-I. AXbpwhenb Hcp tkh\w a¥n-bm-bm¬ t]mepw sNøm-\m-hn-√.''

sIm®n \K-c-Øns‚ lrZ-b-`m-KØv 26-sk‚ v ÿew ]cnj-Øn∂v kz¥-am-bp-≠v. ]Øp-e-£w-cq] sNe-hp-≈-˛ A∂v AsXmcphen-b -Xp-I-bm-Wv- ˛ Hcp henb sIńSw ]WnXv ]cn-j-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ hn]p-e-am-°p-I. AXn∂p-th≠n h¿j-ß-fmbn kl-]-h¿Ø-I-tcm-sSm∏w sIm≠p]nSn®p i-an-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p skbvXp apl-ΩZvkmln-_v. ]h¿Ø-\-£-a-amb Hcp t]mPIvSv dnt∏m¿´pw Xøm-dm°nA∂sØ Pn√m-I-e-IvS -dm -bn -cp∂ Fkv. IrjvW-Ip-am¿ hgnKh¨sa‚ns‚ kmº-ØnIklm-b-Øn\v ka¿∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

cmXn AØmgw Ign-™m¬ Ign-hXpw thKw Dd-ßm≥ InS-°p-I-bmWv ioew. F∂m¬ Dd°w In´msX Akz-ÿ-\m-Ip-∂XpI≠vJZoPm So®-dn∂p ]cn- -a-am-bn. lrtZm-K-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. c≠p XhW Bip-]-Xn-bn¬ InS∂-Xm-Wv. sh®p Ifn-∏n®m¬ icnbmhns√∂p tXm∂n.ssUh¿ tXma-kv, tPmen Ign™v hoń-te°v Xncn®pt]mbn.- Im-dp-≠v.- ]s£; Bcv HmSn°pw? So-®-dpsS Cfb A\p-P≥ hoń-ep≠v. h≠n-tbm-Sn-°m-s\m-s°-b-dn-bmw, ]t£ ssek≥kn-√. C\n-bn-t∏mƒAsXm∂pw t\m°n -bn´p Imcy -an -√. Fß-s\bpw Bip -] -XnbnseØnt® aXn-bm-Iq.

Kncn-\-K-dnse \memw-se-bn-\nse knssS∏v 70˛mw \º¿hoń¬\n∂p DSs\ ]-®m-f-Øn-∂∏pd-ap≈ eq¿±v Bip-]-Xn-bn-te°vbmX-bm-bn- slUvsse‰p t]mep-an-√msX. At∏mƒ cmXn HºXp aWn-bm-bn-°m-Wpw.


87


""Ite-is\ hnfn®p ]d-bs´?'' So®¿ tNmZn-®p.

""th≠, Bscbpw _p≤nap- n-t°≠. Ct∏m-gX ]bm-k-sam-∂p-an-√-t√m''F∂m-bn-cp∂p adp-]-Sn. Ite-is‚ hoSv Bip-]-Xn°v ASp-Øm-Wv. Hmôkv Akn-Ã‚msW-¶nepw Ip-Spw-_mwKsØ t]mse-bm-Wv.

]nt‰-∂v, Unkw-_¿ 20-˛\p cmhnse Bip-]-X-nbn¬ \n∂pssUh¿ tXma-kmWv Ite-is\ hnfn®p ]d-™Xv: ""kmdn\v kpJ-an-√. DSs\ hcWw. Xcy≥km-dn-s\bpw Sm‰m-]p-c-tØbpw sIm®pÆn amÃ-tdbpw Adn-bn-°Ww.''

Hmô-kn¬ skbvXp apl-ΩZv h∂p ImWm-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Ite-i≥ ssS∏nÃv K_n-tb-en-t\mSv tNmZn-®-tX-bp-≈q. Iem-a-fi-e-Øn¬t]mb-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v kzbw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ite-is‚ apJ-`mhw I≠t∏mƒ tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW\pw tXm∂n, Kuc-h-ap≈ Ft¥m]iv\-am-sW-∂v. ]ikvX Ncn-X-Im-c-\mb ]n.sI. tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥Atkm-kn-tb-j-\nse dnk¿®v Hmô-k-dm-bn-cp-∂-s√m.

Xcy-t\bpw Sm‰m-]p-c-tØbpw sIm®p-Æn-am-Ã-tdbpw hnhc-a-dn-b-®-Xn∂p tijw tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW\pw Ite-i\pw eq¿±n-te°v Xncn®p.It®-cn-∏-Sn-bn¬ Xcy≥ Imdp-ambn ImØp-\n-∂n-cp∂p; eq¿±v Bip-]Xnhf-∏n¬ Imsd-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Sm‰m-]p-chpw FØn-t®¿-∂p. cmhnse F´vaWn°v apºmWv kμ¿i-\-k-a-bw. Xcy≥ ]X-°m-c-\m-b-Xp-sIm-≠vB IS-º- I-S∂p Inń.

kp-lr-Øp°ƒ sN√p-tºmƒ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zn∂v Un∏psImSpØpsIm≠ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Iønepw aq°nepw Nph∂ d_¿ Ipg-ep-Iƒ. BsI ]cn`m-¥n-bn-emb JZoP So®¿ Iń-en-∂cn-In¬ Xs∂-bp-≠v. mKy-Øn-∂v, hnh-c-a-dn™v Ite-is‚ mcy h∂n- p-≠v. Un∏ns‚\oUn¬ Cf-In-t∏m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ah¿ tcmKn-bpsS Iøn¬ ]nSn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Bcpw H∂pw an≠p∂n-√. an≠m\m-Ip-∂n-√. IÆp Xpd-∂-t∏mƒNnc-Ime kplr-Øp-°-sf-°≠v skbvXp apl-ΩZv H∂v ]p©n-cn-°p-hm≥ ian-®p. AXv Zp¿∫-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]cn-tim-[-\-bv°mbn tUm. t]mƒ h∂-t∏mƒ F√m-hcpw apdn-bn¬ \n∂p ]pd-Øn-d-ßn. At±lw Xncn-®p-h-∂-t∏mƒ BImw-£-tbmsS\n¬°p∂ Nßm-Xn-amtcmSv ]d™p:

""Im¿Un-bmIv A‰m-°p- Xs∂bmWv. CØ-hW hfsc i‡-am-Wv. c£s∏SpØm≥ Rßƒ ]c-am-h[n ian-°p-∂p-≠v.''


88


_‘p-°-tfbpw kplr-Øp-°-tfbpw I≠m¬ tcmKw aq¿—n°m≥km[y-X-bp-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Xev°mew apdn-bn¬ Ib-dm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv\√-sX-∂p-IqSn At±lw D]-tZ-in®p.

IqsS h∂ kplr-Øp-°sf Xncn-®-b-®n´v Ite-i≥ apdn-bpsS]pd-Øp-\n-∂p. At∏mƒ ]Xn-s\m∂v aWn Ign-™p-Im-Wpw. CXn-\nsSJZo-Pm-So-®¿°v h∂ sSe-t^m¨ FSp-°m≥ Ite-i≥ Xmtgbv°pt]mbn. Xncn®ph∂-t∏mƒ skbvXp apl-Ω-Zns‚ tcmKw aq¿On-®n-cp-∂p. I^s°-´p-sIm≠v izmkw-hn-Sm≥ ]bm-k-s∏-Sp-I-bm-W-t±lwAt∏m-tgbv°pw tUm.-]p-∂qkv h∂p. I^-sa-Sp-°p∂ b¥-hp-ambn\gvkpw h∂p. kμ¿iIsc ]pd-Øm°n apdn-bpsS hmXn-e-S-®p.

""b¥-Øns‚ i_vZsØ Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmln-_ns‚ \ne-hnfn Bip-]-Xn-bmsI ]S¿∂p. At±-l-Øns‚IÆp-Iƒ adn™padn-™p-t]m-bn. I¨t]m-f-Iƒ Iqºn. hbdpws\©pw -ZpX-X-c-ambn Nen®psIm≠n-cp -∂p...'' F√m-Øn\pwZrIvkm£nbmb Ite-is‚ hm°p-Iƒ.

s]mSp∂s\ F√mw \n›-e-ambn. Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hmtcm \nan-jhpwNe-\m-fl-I-am-°nb Hcp henb a\p-jys‚ Ah-km\am-bn-cp∂p AXv.Ne-\-an-√mØ PohnXw Hgp-°n-√mØ Pemibw t]mse-bm-W∂vFt∏mgpw Hm¿Ωn∏n®psIm-≠n-cp∂ hy‡nXzw. kzbw Hcp ]h¿tÃ-j-s\-t∂mWw Du¿÷tIμ-am-bn-cp∂ At±-lw, B Du¿÷w a‰p-≈-h-cn-tebv°pw ]k-cn-∏n®p. AXv Ahsc I¿tΩm-’p-Icm°n. BDu¿÷Xcw-K-ßƒ IS-∂p-sN∂ afi-e-ß--sf-sb√mw ktN-X-\am-°n.CW-ßmØ IÆn-Isf kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®p. Np-‰p-]mSpw AXv ]km-Zmfl-IX \nd®p. iXp-°ƒ At±lØn∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Xs∂ AXns\ \nkzm¿∞hpw AIf-¶-hp-amb kvt\lw sIm≠vAXn-Po-hn-®p. GXp a\p-jy∂pw X∂m-em-hp∂ klmbw sNbvXpsImSpØp; AXv Xncn®pIn´p-sa∂ ]Xo-£-tbm-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√.AXpsIm≠p Xs∂ At±-l-Øn∂v Hcn-°epw \ncm-i-s∏-tS-≠n-h-∂n-√. kck`m-jWhpw \¿Ωt_m[hpw sIm≠v F-√m-h-tcbpw hio-I-cn-®p. cmjvSo-b-t\-Xm-°fpw kmwkvIm-cnI\mb-I-∑mcpw At±-l-Øns‚D]-tZiw tXSn. kaq-l-Ønse \nkz-tcmSv t]mepw Xpey-X-tbmsSAt±lw s]cp-am-dn. FX \n m-c-\mb Bfm-bmepw At±-l-Øns‚ap≥]n¬ Ccn-∏nSw e`n-®p.

""Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ kvt\lnt®m imknt®m F∂n-se-s¥-¶nepw kzm[o\w sNep-Øm≥ Ign-™n-´p≈ hy‡n-Iƒ Fs‚AΩbpw skbvXp apl-ΩZpw amX-amWv-''˛ kpIp-am¿ Agot°mSn-t‚-


89


XmWv Cu hm°p-Iƒ. CXp-t]mse skbvXp aplΩZv kmln-_p-ambnASp-∏-ap≈ Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

X\n-°p≈ ]bmkßf-Xbpw F∂pw Hcp ]p©ncn sIm≠v aqSnIgn-™n-cp∂ skbvXp B¿°pw Hcp mc-am-Im≥ CjvS-s∏- n-cp-∂n-s√∂vBfl-kp-lr-Øm-bn-cp∂ sIm®pÆn amÃ¿ A`n-]m-bs∏´Xv \qdv iX-am-\hpw kXy-am-bn-cp-∂p. AtX kabw At±-lsØ Hcn-°epw æm\-h-Z-\-\mbn ImWp-hm\pw Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√. ]km-Zmfl-I-Xbm-bn-cp∂pB hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ apJ-ap-Z. aX-Øns‚tbm I£n-cm-jvSo-b-Øn-s‚tbm AXn¿hc-ºpIƒ°-∏pdw a\p-jys\ Ahs‚ hen-∏tam sNdp-∏tam t\m°msX At±lw kvt\ln®p. AXv Fs¥-¶nepw Imcy-km-[y-Øn∂p th≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂n√.; \nkzm¿∞-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-tØmSvASp-Øn-S-]-g-In-b-h-cn¬ GsX-¶nepw IS-∏m-Sn-√mØ Bcp-ap-s≠∂vtXm∂p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ At±-l-Øn-∂m-Is´ BtcmSpw IS-∏m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp-∂pan√.

]Øv Bbp-jv°m-ew sIm≠v sNøm≥ Ign-bmØ Imcy-ß-fmWv \mev]-Ø©ph¿jw sIm≠v skbvXp apl-ΩZv kmln_vsNbvXp-Xo¿Ø-Xv.

Unkw-_¿ 21˛mw XnøXn tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Z-an-bn¬ ao‰nw-Kn∂v sN√p-tºmƒ ImWm-sa∂p ]d-™v ]Øp Znhkw apºv skbvXpapl-ΩZv Ab® IØ-\p-k-cn®v Xte-Zn-hkw Xs∂ Xriq-cn-se-Ønbssh°w apl-ΩZv _jo-dns\ A∂v D®bv°v DuWp I-gn™v ab-ßp-tºmƒ, ]h-\≥ hnfn-®p-W¿Øn Adn-bn-®Xv ac-W-hm¿Ø-bmWv:""\ΩpsS ]n.F skbvXp apl-ΩZv acn®pt]mbn.''

_jo¿ FgpXn: ""Rm≥ sR´n-sb-Wo‰ncp∂p. At±lw acn®pt]mb-Xmbn F\n°v hniz-kn-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. Ccp-]-sØm∂mw XnøXnXΩn¬ ImWm-sa-s∂-gp-Xn-bn-cp∂ a\p-jy≥. A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n.''


90


H≥]Xv:

Fs‚ hgn-Imń

Fß-s\bpw Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-I-W-sa∂ à-hp-ambn \S-°p∂Iuam-c-Im-ew. kmln-Xy-tam£w tXSn FØn-s∏-´Xv ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ taJ-e-bn¬˛ tIc-f-\mZw F∂ kmbm-”-]-X-Øn¬. tIc-f-\mZw Ipd-®p-\mƒ AS-®n- p. F\n°v sXmgn-en-√m-Xm-bn. Aß-s\-bmWvskbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bpsS ASpØv FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xv.

skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° F∂m¬ ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv. Ncn-X-Im-c\pw kmwkvIm-cn-I-t\-Xm-hp-amb At±lw hfsc thK-amWv F\n°vtPyjvT-k-tlm-Z-c\pw Kpcphpw hgn-Im- n-bp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. GsX-¶nepw]X-Øn¬ Fs∂ Ib-‰m≥ At±lw ian-®p. H∂pw icn-bm-bn-√.skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° Xs∂ \S-Øn-bn-cp∂ k¿§w amkn-I-bpsS FUn-‰nwKv Npa-Xe Fs∂ G¬∏n-®p. dotUgvkv ssUP-Ãns‚ amXr-I-bn-ep≈ sNdn-sbmcp amkn-I. sshhn-[y-ap≈ hnj-b-ßsfIpdn®v sIm®p-sIm®p teJ-\-ßƒ. ae-bm-f-Ønse anI® t\mh-ep-I-fpsS kwKlwIqSn, sNdp-IY t]mse hmbn-®p-t]m-Im-hp∂ hn[w Rm≥ sImSp-°m≥XpS-ßn.

Fd-Wm-Ipfw am¿°‰v tdmUn¬ Nmºy≥kv temUvPnse IpSp- mbapdn-bm-bn-cp∂p k¿§w Hmô-kv. k¿§Øns‚ amX-a-√, tIcfm lnÃdnAtkm-kn-tb-j-t‚bpw Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dn-s‚-bp-sams° HmôkvAXm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Iń¬, tai, c≠p Itk-c-Iƒ, Hcp ssS∏vssd‰¿,kv‰qfn¬ IqPbpw sh≈-hpw. ASp-Øp-Xs∂bp≈ dmt^-ep-tN-´s‚


91


tim`m ]nt‚-gvkn-em-bn-cp∂p A®-Sn. ] ns‚ ]n∂n-ep≈ Hcp sNdnbhmS-I-ho-ń¬ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°bpw IpSpw-_hpw Xma-kw.

am‰-dp-≠m-°epw FUn-‰nwKpw ]q^vdoUnwKpw Hs° Rm≥ Xs∂.AXn\v A[nI Znh-k-ßƒ th≠. F¶nepw shdp-sX-bn-cn-°m-\m-hn-√. lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥, Ckvem-anIv skan-\m¿ Ch-bp-sS-sbms°Fs¥-¶nepw tPmen sNøm-\p-≠mhpw. Aßs\ kz¿§w henb em`tam\jvStam C√msX \S-∂p-t]m-bn. a‰p kmaqly ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ AsXmcp _nkn-\- mbn sIm≠p-\-S-°m≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn°ian-®n-√. CSbv°v tNmZn-°msX Xs∂ \qtdm Ccp-∂qtdm cq] t]m°-‰n-en´v Xcpw. Imin-s√-¶n¬ tNmZn-®p-hm-ß-W-sa-∂mWv \n¿t±-iw.]s£, AXn\v Zpc- n-am\w A\p-h-Zn-°n-√. IqP-bnse sh≈-Øn\v \μn-]-d™ FXtbm D®-Iƒ! hoń-te°v t]mIm≥ Imin-s√-¶n¬ Nmºy-\n¬ Xs∂ InS-∂p-d-ßpw. ]pe¿s® skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° h∂p hnfn-°pw. IrjvWm tI^n¬ t]mbn D∏p-amhpw Nmbbpw Ign-°pw.

K_n-tb¬ F∂ ssS∏nÃv amX-amWv Hmôkv Ãm^v. lnÃdnAtkm-kn-tb-js‚ Hmôkv alm-cm-Pmkv tImtfPv Imº-kn-\-IsØsIń-S-Øn-te°v amdn-b-Xn\v tij-amWv kmaqly kmwkvIm-cnI]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° kPo-h-am-Ip-∂-Xv. K_n-tb-en\v]pdsa Ite-i≥ amjpw cmP\pw tPm¿÷p-sams° Ãm^mbn h∂p.tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-sa-gp-Xnb ]n.-sI.-tKm-]m-e-Ir-jvW≥dnk¿®v Hmô-k-dmbn h∂p.

kn.F®v.-ap-l-ΩZv tImb hnZym-`ym-k-a¥n Bb-t∏mƒ tIcfkmlnXy A°m-Zan sshkv ]kn-U-≠mbn skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° t\man-t\‰v sNø-s∏-´p. Nne tIμ-ß-fn¬ \n∂v A]-kz-c-ßƒ Db¿s∂-¶nepw kn.-F-®v AXX Imcy-am-°n-bn-√. lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-js‚B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ c≠p hmey-ß-fmbn ]pd-Øn-d-°nb kaKtIcfNcn-X-Øn\pw \h-tI-cfinev]nIƒ°pw k¿°m¿ Km‚ v \¬In. Aßs\B ]≤-Xn-Iƒ km£m-XvI-cn-°m\pw kn.-F-®v.-k-lm-bn-®p. lnÃdnAtkm-kn-tb-j-s‚bpw kakvX tIcf kmlnXy ]cn-j-Øn-t‚-bp-sams° ISn-™m¨ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bpsS ssII-fn-em-bn-cp-∂p.

Du¿÷-kz-e-am-bn-cp∂p B hy‡n-Xzw. Np‰p-ap-≈-h-cn-te°v ]k-cn-°p∂ ]km-Zm-fl-I-Xzw. Akm-[m-c-W-amb kwL-S-\m-]m-S-hw.Bsc¶nepw Hcp kmwkvIm-cn-I-\m-b-I≥ acn-®m¬, B¿s°-¶nepw Hcpkmln-Xy-]p-c-kvImcw e`n-®m¬ A\p-tim-N-\hpw kzoI-c-W-hp-sams°kwL-Sn-∏n-°m≥ henb ka-b-sam∂pw th≠. ao‰nw-sKm∂pw IqtS-≠. ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-hsc t^mWn¬ hnfn-®p-]-d™v £W-°Øv A®-Sn-


92


∏n-°epw Ab-°-ep-sa√mw aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ°Iw \S-°pw. kvt\l-\n¿ -c-amb a\- ns‚ hnIn-b-I-sf∂p Xncn-®-dn™v Ah¿ ]q¿Æ-ambn kl-I-cn-°pw.

Xs‚ X´Iw Ncn-X-c-N-\-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Fs∂ B hgn°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° ian-®n-√. Fs‚ a\ v hmbn® At±lwNne-t∏mƒ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""FtSm, t^m¿´vsIm-®n-bnse t[m_n-IsfIpdn®v Xms\mcp t\mh-segpXnbm¬ A -em-bn-cn-°pw.''

kmaq-ln-I, kmwkvIm-cnI taJ-e-I-fnse F√m IÆn-I-tfbpw hnf-°n-t®¿°p∂ B hy‡nXzw AXp-ey-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIm¨K pImc\pwam¿Ivkn-Ãp-Im-c\pw aX-t\-Xmhpw bp‡n-hm-Znbpw _p≤n-Po-hnbpwkmaqly ]h¿Ø-I-\p-sa√mw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bpsS hn]p-e-ambkulr-Z-h-e-b-Øn¬ F∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

ItaW henb kmwkvIm-cn-tIm-’-h-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-embn Ncn-X-K-th-j-W-tØ-°mƒ Iºw. 1986-˛se a´m-t©cn blq-Z-∏-≈n-bpsS \m\qdmw hm¿jn-Im-tLmjw Hcp A¥¿tZ-io-tbm’ham-°n-am-‰n-bXv skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bpsS kwL-S-\m-]m-S-h-am-Wv. kmc-kzX_m“-W-cpsS dnk¿®v C≥Ãn-‰yq-´ns‚ DZvLm-S\w, "h¿≤-am\'alm-ho-cs‚ 2500 \n¿hm-Wm-N-c-Ww, lcn-P≥ skan-\m¿, Xncq-c-ßmSn am∏nfkmlnXy skan-\m¿, C¥y≥ kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Øns‚ cP-X-Pq-_n-en,sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \S∂ B¿°n-tbm-f-Pn-°¬ skan-\m¿... Cu henb]cn-]m-Sn-I-sfms° cq]-I-ev]\ sNøp-∂Xv apX¬ bmYm¿∞y-am°nXo¿°p-∂-Xp-hsc skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° AS-ßn-bn-cp-∂n-√. KŸ-im-em-kwLw, Iem-a-fi-ew, Fkv.-]n.-kn.-F-kv, lnμn ]Nm-c-k-`, tIcfkmlnXy A°m-Zan XpSßn F√m kmwkvIm-cnI kwL-S-\-Iƒ°pwDu¿÷w ]I-cp∂ ]h¿lukm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. ]pkvX-I-ap-dn-°p-≈n¬ AS-bn-cp∂ alm ]fin-X-∑msc At±lw P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn-te°vCd-°n-s°m-≠p-h-∂p. tIc-fob kaq-l-hp-ambn AI-∂p-\n∂ blq-Z¿,KpP-dm-Øn-Iƒ, ssP\¿ XpS-ßnb hn`m-K-ßsf s]mXp-[m-c-bp-ambnASp-∏n-°p∂ ]me-ambn At±lw amdn.

DW-°-hn-j-b-amb Ncn-XsØ HmP- p≈ `mj-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v ssh⁄m-\nI kmln-Xy-Ønse i‡-amb Poh-[m-c-bm°nam‰p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™p. GXv kZ- n-t\bpw ]I-º\wsIm≈n-°p∂ hmKv[mc At±-l-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

kwkvIr-Xhpw ae-bm-fhpw ]Tn-®mWv ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZv F∂Ncn-X-Im-c≥ cwK-Øp-h-∂-Xv. alm-]-fin-X-\mb tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-]n-≈-bpsS injy≥. tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw-Iƒ°v Hcp Ncn-X-ap-s≠∂v


93


BZy-ambn sXfn-bn-®Xv At±-l-Øns‚ Kth-j-Whpw IrXn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Izn‰n¥ym ka-c-Øn¬ c‡-km-£n-bmb slap-I-em-\n-bpsS Poh-N-cn-X-am-bn-cp∂p BZy ]pkvX-Iw. AXv \ntcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AtX-k-abw NcnXtIcfw 1952se aZn-cmin Kh¨sa‚ns‚ ]pc-kvImcw t\Sn.

Xm≥ IS-∂p-t]mb hgn-Iƒ At±lw Hcn-°epw ad-∂n-√. Aº-e-Ønse ]S-t®m-dp≠p Ign™ \mfp-Iƒ F∂pw Hm¿Øp. Xs∂ tXSn-sb-Øp∂ Ahikmln-Xy-Im-c≥am¿°pw Iem-Im-c≥am¿°pw kz¥wt]m°-‰n¬ \n∂v ]W-sa-SpØv sImSp-°p-tºmƒ AXmcpw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°m\pw At±lw i≤n-°pw. Hcn-°¬ alm-cm-Pmkv tImtf-Pn¬ ae-bmfw Fw.-F.bv°v tN¿∂ Hcp hnZym¿∞n ]mh-s∏´ Hcp sam√m-°-bpsS aI-\m-sW∂pw hfsc kmº-ØnIhnjaw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw a\- n-em-b-t∏mƒ Abm-f-dn-bmsX Xs∂ hnZym-`ymk sNe-hp-Iƒ°v Nne kº∂ hy‡n-I-fpsS klm-b-tØmsS hgn Is≠-Øn-bXv F\n°v t\cn-´-dn-bm≥ Ign™ Imcy-am-Wv.

kn.-F≥.-A-l-ΩZv aue-hn-bpsS kºq¿Æ Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`mjkmlnXy ]h¿ØI kl-I-c-W-kw-L-Øn-eqsS ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ImcWw skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bm-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ apkvenw-Iƒ amXw hmbn-®m¬ t]mc F∂pw s]mXp-[m-c-bn¬ h∂mte a‰p-≈-hcpw hmbn-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw At±-l-Øn\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn∂v tdmb¬‰n-bmbn Inńb Hcp e£w cq] sIm≠mWv kn.-F≥ tImgn-t°mSv anTm-bn-sØ-cp-hn¬ Hcp XpWn-°S XpS-ßn-b-Xv.

tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \thm-∞m-\-Øn\v hgn-sX-fn-®Xv skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bm-Wv. Pam-AØv sÛ-td-js‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ At±lw Xøm-dm-°nb ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W°pw Ckvem-anIv skan-\m-dp-I-fn¬ Db¿∂ N¿®-Ifpw ]pXnb Bthiw ]I¿∂p. Fw.-C.-F-kv, Fw.-F-kv.-Fkv XpS-ßnb ]ÿm-\-ßƒ°v AXv _oPm-hm]wsNbvXp. F√m hn`m-K-ßƒ°pw Hcp thZn-bn¬ a\- p-Xp-d∂v kwhm-Zn-°m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂ Cu skan-\m-dp-I-fpsS dnt∏m¿´-dmbpw FUn-‰-dmbpw ]h¿Øn-°m≥ F\n°v Ign™ Imew Fs‚ kzXz-cq-]o-I-cW L´-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

\mev]-Øn-b©mw hb- n¬ skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° acn-®Xv ]d-°-ap-‰mØ aq∂v s]Ïp-™p-ß-tfbpw bph-Xn-bmb mcy-tbbpw A\m-Y-cm-°n-bm-Wv. Kncn\K¿ luknwKv tImf-\n-bnse Hcp sNdnb hoS-√msX Ah¿°v Hcp kºm-Zy-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp-Im-eØv skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn° \nkzm¿∞-ambn tkhn® Xpd-apJ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS kw`m-


94


h\ sIm≠mWv a°sf ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv. kn.-‰n.-‰n.-bp-hns‚ apJ-]-X-am-bn-cp∂ bph-tI-cfØns‚ ]Xm-[n-]-cmbn sIm®n-bn¬ h∂-Im-e-Øm-Wt√m At±lw kmwkvIm-cnI cwKØv kPo-h-am-Ip-∂-Xv. aqØ aIƒtUm. Pmkvan\pw IpSpw-_hpw Ata-cn-°-bn-em-Wv. F©n-\o-b-dmbkn‘phpw IpSpw-_hpw Kƒ^nepw. kwKo-Xm-≤ym-]n-I-bmb uknb\m´n¬ Xs∂-bmWv. skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zn-°-bpsS F√m \√ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°pw XpW-bm-bn-cp∂ JZoPm So®¿, kmaq-ly-]-h¿Ø-\-cw-KØvXpS-cp-∂p.


95


A\p-_‘w:

tIk-cn-bpsS IØv(skbvXpap-l-Ω-Zns‚ Kpcp-hmbncp∂ ]ikvX ]fin-X≥

tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-]n≈ Fgp-Xnb IØv)

amS-h-\-]-dºv]d-hq¿24.2.1949

Dear Mr. Sayed Mohamed,

\h-h¿jm-cw-`-Øn-e-b® Pictoral Card Dw c≠v teJ-\-ßfpw In´n.Ah-bv°p-]p-dsa Rm≥ hfsc IrX-⁄-\m-Wv. Chbv°v \μn- ]-d™padp-]Sn Ab-°m-Ø-Xn\v ImcWw IØp-Iƒ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xn¬ F\n-°p≈sshap-Jy-am-Wv. ]Øp-ap-∏Xv h¿j-Øn-e-[n-I-ambn F∂pw teJ-\-ßƒFgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂Xv \nanØw ss]h‰v IØp-Iƒ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xn¬ F\n°vhenb aSn-bp-≠v. Fgp-Xn-sb-gpXn Fgp-Øn¬ apjnhv tXm∂p-∂-XmWvCXn\v Imc-Ww. Fs‚ IpSpw-_-_-‘p-°ƒ°pw adp-]-Sn-°-Øp-IƒRm≥ hfsc Xma-kn®p amXta Fgp-Xm-dp-≈q. Ah¿°v Fs‚ Cuhgn Adn-bmw. Imcyw Kln®v Rm≥ ImWn® \μn-tISv \nßƒ £an-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿°pw bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I¿°pwH∂p-t]mse Ft∂mSv ck-an-s√-∂p≈ kwKXn F\n°v Adn-bmw.sImfw-_nse Hcp IΩyqWnÃv ]Xw Ah¿ F\n°v shdpsX Ab-®p-X-cp-∂Xp amXta Rm≥ ImWm-dp-≈q. tIc-f-Ønse Hcp IΩyq-WnÃv]Xhpw Rm≥ ImWm-dn-√. Rm≥ ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏´ \mƒ


96


apX¬°v Fs∂ ]e I£n-°mcpw FXn¿Øn-´p-≠v. FXn¿∏v ]kn≤nP\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. CXp-sIm-≠mWv F\n°v th≠-Xn-e-[nIw ]kn-≤ntbm Ip]-kn-≤ntbm In´n-bn-´p-≈-Xpw. Rm≥ Nne cmjvSobI£n-I-tfbpw kmlnXy I£n-I-tfbpw i‡n-]q¿Δw ]e-t∏mgpw A\p-Iq-en®v Fgp-Xm-dp-s≠-¶nepw Ch-bn¬ H∂nepw Xs∂ BZn-ImewapX¬°v Rm≥ AwK-ambn tN¿∂n-´n-√. ImcWw Fs‚ kz¥¥Nn¥m-K-Xn-bmWv. Cu Nn¥m-KXn sX‰m-bn-cn-°m-sa-¶nepw AXv kzX-¥-am-sW-∂p≈ sa®w AXn-\p-≠v. Hcp N´-°q-Sn-\-IØpw \n¬°p-hm≥ Rm≥ CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Bk-∂-amb ac-W-]-cy¥w Rm≥, GXvFXn¿∏pw hnK-Wn®v Cu \ne-Xs∂ XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.Rm≥ Nne I£n-Isf A\p-Iq-en-s®-gp-Xp-∂Xv Ah-cpsS Nn¥m-K-Xn-bn¬ NneXv Fs‚ Nn¥m-K-Xn-tbmSv tbmPn°p∂-Xp-sIm≠v amX-amWv.Fs‚ Acm-PI (anarchic) Nn¥m-KXn F\n°v F√m I£n-°m-cn¬\n∂pw FXn¿∏v t\Sn-Ø-∂n- p-≠v. IΩyq-WnÃv Nn¥m-K-Xn-tbmSv F\n°v]e Imcy-ß-fnepw tbmPn-∏p-s≠-¶nepw Fs‚ anarchic Nn¥m-K-Xnbpw,Ft∂mSv Ah-cpsS Nne hy‡n-Iƒ°p≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb hntcm-[-hp-amWv Ah¿ Fs∂ FXn¿°p-∂-Xn\v Imc-Ww. IΩyq-WnÃv I£ntIc-f-Øn¬ P\n® Ime-Øv, AXns‚ Hcp Poh-\m-Unbpw Hcp A¤p-X-a-\p-jy\pw AXn-a-lm-\mb cmjvSob]h¿Ø-I-\p-amb CubnsSacn® ssh°w IrjvW-]n-≈sb AXp th≠ hn[w ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Rm≥ D]-tZ-in-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw C∂v Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ CXn\v At±-lw- km£yw hln-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. an.i¶-c≥ \ºq-Xn-cn°pw CXn-s\-]‰n NneXv Adn-bmw. tcmK-ieyw\nanØw Rm≥ 1118˛¬ ]dhq¿°v hcp-∂-Xp-h-sc, ]kvXpX ssh°wIrjvW-]n≈ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw kμ¿in-°m-dp≈t∏msg√mw Fs∂h∂p-I≠v t£aw At\z-jn-°m-dp-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚ ac-W-Øn¬Ft∂-°m-f-[nIw ZpxJn® Hcp a\p-jy≥ tIc-f-Øn¬ ImWp-sa∂vtXm∂p-∂n-√. C∂sØ IΩyq-WnÃv kmln-Xy-Im-cn¬ sa.-sI.-]n.Pn.\ºq-Xn-cn, A®p-X-°p-dp-∏v, tZh-Zmkv apX-emb Nne¿°v Ft∂mSv hy‡n-]-c-amb hntcm-[-ap-≠v. tIkcn \ndp-Øp-hm≥ Rm≥ \n¿∫-‘n-X-\mbnØo¿∂-Xn\v tijw AXns‚ \S-Øn-∏n¬ h∂n-´p≈ ISw- ho-´m≥ ] v hn¬°p-∂-Xns\ ]‰n Nn¥n®v Rm≥ Akz-ÿ-\m-bn-cp∂ImeØv Xs‚ Hcp am\pkvIn]v‰v IrXn°v apJ-hpc Fgp-Xm-\mbn Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv sh®v Fs∂ an.-sI.-]n.-Pn. \ºq-Xncn h∂p-I-≠p.X¬°mew am\pkvIn]v‰v hmbn-®p-t\m-°m≥ Fs‚ a\ÿnXn A\p-h-Zn-°p-In-s√∂pw AXv A®-Sn-®-Xn\v tijw F\n°v Ab-®p-X-∂m¬


97


apJ-hpc Fgp-Xmtam F∂p t\m°m-sa∂pw Rm≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-tbmSv adp-]Sn ]d-™p. CXp-t]mse s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bpsS Hcp sNdp-IYmkam-lm-c-Øns‚ apJ-hp-c-sb-]‰n At±-l-tØmSv A°m-eØv ]d-™n-cp-∂p. ]ns∂bpw Fs‚ Ip]-kn-≤-amb Nne Ah-Xm-cn-I-I-fn¬sat gvkv sI.-]n.-Pn. \ºq-Xncn, A®p-X-°p-dp∏v apX-emb Nne IΩyq-WnÃv kmln-Xy-Im-c≥amsc hmk-\-bp≈ kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am-cpsS Iq -Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°m-sX-bn-cp-∂Xn¬ Ch¿°v Ft∂mSv hntcm-[-ap-≠v.Ch-cntem bmYm-ÿnXnI I£n-bntem s]´ Nne¿ Fs∂ `b-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Hcp c‡-te-J\w (red letter) IqSn F\n°v Ab-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. CØcw c‡-te-J-\-ßƒ Fs‚ cmjvSob ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Im-eØv F\n°v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-\n∂pw e`n-®n-´p-≠v. CsXm∂pwXs∂ Fs‚ Nn¥m-K-Xn-bn¬ bmsXmcp hyXn-bm-\hpw hcp-Øn-bn-´n-√.h≈-tØm-fns‚ I£n-°m-c-\mb Ch-cn¬ \n∂pw Rm≥ Nß-ºp-gsbc£n-°p-hm≥ bYm-i‡n ian-®n-´p-≈Xpw Ch-cpsS sshcw h¿[n-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. t]msc-¶n¬ ]≠pw C∂pw H∂p-t]mse Rm≥ h≈-tØm-fns\ FXn¿°p-I-bpw, Ipam-c-\m-im≥, Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v, Nß-ºpgF∂n-hsc Ihn-I-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ h≈-tØm-fn\v ap∂n¬ ]Xn-jvTn-°p-hm≥ Fs‚ ]e Ah-Xm-cn-I-Ifpw \ncq-]-W-ßfpw aptJ\ ian-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≠v. CXpw t]msc-¶n¬ an.-tZ-h-Zmkv apX-emb NneIΩyq-WnÃv \ncq-]-I≥am¿°v ]pXnb djy≥ kmln-XysØ ]‰n Xs∂Ch¿ XØ-Iƒ°v Xpeyw Nn¥ ]tbm-Kn-°msX AXns‚ alna AXn-i-tbm-‡n-]q¿Δw ]iw-kn-®n-´p≈ Nne djy≥ \ncq-]-I≥am-cpsSkvXpXn-Isf Bh¿Øn-°pI amXta sNøp-∂p-≈qsh∂v, CXns‚bYm¿∞ almflyw F¥n-em-sW∂v Nn¥n®v Ch¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-´-s√-∂pw, Ah-cpsS skIvkv Imcy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ FXn¿∏v `mcXØne]cn-X-ÿn-Xn°pw, bYm¿∞ Proletarian a\-ÿnXn°pw tbmPn-®-X-s√∂pw djy-bnse C°m-cy-tØm-Sp≈ FXn¿∏v iXp-°-fm¬ Np‰-s∏´Ah-cpsS XmXvIm-en-I-amb ]tXyI cmjvSobÿnXn P\n-∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xm-sW∂pw, Cu a\-ÿnXn IÆpa-S®v Chn-sSbpw thW-sa∂v iTn-°p-∂Xv Chn-SsØ cmjvSobÿnXn°pw a‰pw tbmPn-®-X-s√∂pw CXv_q¿jzm a\-xÿn-Xn-bm-sW∂pw Nne awK-tfm-Zbw \ncq-]-W-ß-fn¬Rm≥ [z\n-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. CXpw IΩyq-WnÃv kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am¿°v Ienh¿[n-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. ]ptcm-K-a\ kmln-Xy-Im-c≥am-cn¬ Hcp ]£-°m¿F\n°v awK-f-]Xw ka¿∏n-°-W-sa∂v ]m m-°n-b-Xmbn Adn-bp∂]ta-bsØ Rm≥ hy‡n-]-c-ambn A\p-Iq-en-°p-∂n-s√∂pw, Rm≥Ahsc [cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. ][m\ ImcWw Fs‚ HXp-ßnb Pohn-X-co-


98


Xn°v AXv `wKw hcp-Øp-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXn\p apºpw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse \nh¿Ø\]t£m- -W-Im-eØv \nh¿Ø\I£n-°m¿ F\n°vHcp saU¬ kΩm-\n-°p-∂-Xn\v Btem-Nn-®n-cp-∂-Xns\ Rm≥ A\p-Iq-en-°m-bvI-bn¬ AXv \S-∂n-√. Fs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]mXn-IqeywXßƒ hnK-Wn-°p-sa∂v ]kvXpX ]ptcm-K-a\ kmlnXy]h¿Ø-I-cn¬ Nne¿ F\n°v adp-]Sn X∂n-´p-ap-≠v. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS ]h¿Ø\kzmX¥yw Rm≥ XS- -s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-X-s√∂pw Rm≥ Chsc CXn\vadp-]-Sn-bmbn [cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p.

an° bphm-°≥amcpw hmbn-°p∂ Fs‚ Kth-jWteJ-\-ß-fn¬\nßƒ°v XmXv]-cy-ap-s≠-∂-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬ F\n°v AXn-bmb kt¥m-j-ap-≠v. an. hmeØpw CXp-t]mse CXn¬ XmXv]cyw ImWn-®n-cp-∂p.Rm≥ CZw-]-Y-a-ambn B[p-\n-I-tem-I-Øn\v kΩm-\n-®n- p≈ ]≠sØI¬]-K-WnX hnh-cWw, Nnc-RvPohn kn≤m-¥w, ]pcm-W-ß-fpsS Ncn-X-]-c-amb ]m[m-\yw, Atd-_y-bnse Atlants Zzo]v, B.C. 6036 ¬ `qan-Ip-ep°w aqew ]pdw-I-S-en¬ Xmgv∂p-t]m-bXv apXem-bh am\p-jnIkwkvImc Ncn-X-c-N-\-bnepw Ncn-Xm-Xo-X-Ime Ncn-X-K-l-W-ØnepwX∑qew C∂sØ a\p-jy-cpsS a\x-ÿn-Xn-bnepw Fs‚ ac-W-tijwHcp henb hnπhw hcp-Øn-sh-°p-sa∂v F\n°v \n›-b-ap-≠v. HcpCyclic or rather spiritual theory of history BWv CXp taem¬ P\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. Fs‚ Cu Kth-j-W-te-J-\-ßƒ Cw•o-jn¬Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ Ah ]kvXpX alm-hn-πhwXpS-ßp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-sb-]‰n ct≠m aqt∂m teJ-\-ßƒ amXtaRm≥ im¥n-\n-tI-X-\nse Sino-Indian Journal s‚ ]Ya e°-ØnepwXn»q-cnse Rama Varma Archaeological Society Journal 14-˛mw hmey-Ønepw a‰pw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈q. Cu ae-bmf teJ-\-ß-sf√mw Iq´n-t®¿Øv ]pkvX-I-cq-]-Øn¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂v At]-£n®vNne¿ F\n°v FgpXn Ab-®n-cp-∂p. Fs‚ as‰√m ]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-°m-f-[nIw imiz-X-ambn \n¬°p-∂ Cu Kth-j-W-^-e-ßƒ ]pkvX-I-cq-]-Øn¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Cw•o-jn¬ ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-IbpwsNbvXm¬ sIm≈m-sa∂v F\n°pw BK-l-an-√m-Xn-√. ]s£, \nXy-Z-cn-Z-\mb F\n°v Ch ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠ ]Ww sNe-hm-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-X-√. Cu apjn-∏≥ teJ-\-ß-fpsS kam-lmcwIY-I-sf-t]mse hn‰-gn-bp-I-bn-s√-∂p≈ ]c-am¿∞sØ Bkv]-Zn®vtIc-f-Ønse ]pkvXI ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-°m¿ Bcpw-Xs∂ kz¥w sNe-hn¬ ]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-a-√.

CuønsS Fs‚ kI-e amdm-tcm-K-ßfpw H∂n®v AXn-I-e-i-embn


99


Fs∂ _m[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. C∂v AXn¬ \n∂v Rm≥ ]q¿Æ-ambn hnap-‡-\m-bn-´n-√. CXp \nanØw ITn-\-amb £oWw Fs∂ _m[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. c≠p-aq∂p h¿j-Øn-\Iw Cu iey-ß-fn¬ \n∂v F\n°vNnc-ÿm-bn-bmb tamN\w e`n-°p-sa∂v Cu h¿[n-®p-h-cp∂ tcmK-ieywFs∂ [cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

\nßƒ°v kIe t£a-ßfpw t\cp-Ibpw Fs‚ IrX-Lv\-Xbv°vho≠pw am∏-t]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠v,

kvt\ln-X≥

F.-_m-e-Ir-jvW-]n≈FUn-‰¿tIk-cn


skbvXp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚amXmhv

Pmkvan≥, kn‘p, ^ukn-b, aq∂ps]¨a-°fpw `mcy JZo-Pbpw

IpSpw-_-\m-Y-t\m-sSmØv

skbvXp-ap-l-ΩZv Zº-Xn-Iƒ1958-˛¬ Ah¿ hnhm-ln-X-cmbn


B Nncn Ah-km-\w-hsc \ne-\n-∂p.

sIm®n≥ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ tab¿ io. lwk-Ip-™ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]ucm-hen A¥n-tam-]-Nm-c-ßƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.


P\\ØnøXn : 1930 \hw-_¿ 27

P\-\-ÿew : Xriq¿ Pn√-bnse \m´n-I-°-SpØ Be.

]nXmhv : t]\m-°p-gn-bn¬ Alva-ZpÆn

`mcy : JZoP

a°ƒ : Pmkvan≥, kn‘p, ^ukn-b

ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ : _ocp, lao-Zv,apl-Ω-Zv, Ip™n-_o-]mØp

hnZym-`ymkw : C.-F-kv.-F¬.kn(sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿ sslkvIqƒ)

kmln-Xy-hn-im-cZv(kw-kvIr-Xw)

]Xm-[n-]¿ : bph-tI-cfw (am-kn-I)P\-i‡n ''k¿Kw ''tIcf ssUPÃv ''tIcf apkvenw Ub-d-IvS-dn

t\XrXzw : tIcf kmlnXy A°m-ZantIcf lnÃdn Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ka-kvX-tI-cf kmln-Xy-]-cn-jØvtIcf KŸ-imem kwLwtIcf Iem-a-fiew

acWw : 1975 Unkw-_¿ 19

Ahm¿Uv : aZmkv Kh. Ahm¿Uv (1952)(]pkvX-Iw˛ Ncn-X-tI-cfw)

]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZvPohn-X-tcJ


]n.-F.-sk-bvXp-ap-l-ΩZns‚IrXn-Iƒ

slap-I-em\n

tIcf Ncn-X-ho-£Ww

NcnX tIcfw

tIcfw \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv

k©m-cn-Iƒ I≠ tIcfw

apKƒ kmam-Py-ØneqsS Hcp bmX

BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ

Ncn-X-Ønse inem-Ip-kp-a-ßƒ

Ncn-Xhpw kwkvIm-chpw

NcnXw Hcp IÆmSn

tIc-f-N-cnXNn¥-Iƒ

tIc-f-Ønse hntZ-i-a-X-ßƒ

Ncn-X-k-©mcw

kwkvIm-c-ku-c`w

Ip´n-I-fpsS tIc-f-N-cnXw

tIcf apkvenw Ub-dIvSdn

tIcf apkvenw NcnXw


Pamð sIm¨§mSn

AI-óp-\nóv A]-K-Yn-t¡ï A¡m-Z-anIhnjbw amX-ambn IW-¡m-¡-s¸-Spó Ncn-Xs¯ BIvSn-hn-k-¯n-\pÅ D]mZm\am¡n amänb AÛp-X-hy-àn-Xz-amWv ]n.-F. skbvXp- ap-l-½-Zv.Ncn-X-kvar-Xn-Isf hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e-¯nsâ ]p\À\nÀÆ-N-\-¯n-\pÅ DuÀÖ-tkm-X-Êm¡n amäp-I-bm-bn-cpóp At±-lw.

Hcp Ime¯v skbvXp- ap-l-½-Zns\ IuXp-I-t¯msS ]n´p-SÀó ]n³ap-d-¡m-c³ Pamð sIm¨-§mSn X¿m-dm-¡nb eLp-Po-h-N-cn-Xw.

t\XrkvarXn

G r a c e b o o k s

2011PohNcnXw

hne : 75.00

]n.F. skbvXp apl½Zv

]n.f. skbvxp apl½zv - mappila heritage library · malayalam nethru smrithi - 3 p.a.saithumuhammed...

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