ngon ngu lap trinh plc va ung dung

7/31/2019 Ngon Ngu Lap Trinh Plc Va Ung Dung

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cng chi tit mn hc iu khin logic B mn tng o Lng Khoa in

Ngi bin son: Lm Tngc - Nguyn Kim nh 44

CHNG 3: NGN NGLP TRNH V NG DNG.

3.1.Gii thiu cc ngn nglp trnh:Lp trnh cho S7 200 v cc PLC khc ca hng Siemens da trn 3 phng php

cbn:Phng php hnh thang (Ladder logic _ LAD).Phng php khi hm (Function Block Diagram _ FBD).Phng php lit k cu lnh (Statement List _ STL).

Chng ny s gii thiu cc thnh phn cbn ca ba phng php v cch s dngchng trong lp trnh.Nu chng trnh c vit theo ngn ng LAD (hoc FBD) th c th chyn sang ngnng STL hay FBD (hoc LAD) tng ng. Nhng khng phi bt c chng trnh vittheo STL no cng chuyn sang ngn ng LAD hay FBD c. B tp lnh STL ctrnh by trong gio n ny u c mt chc nng nh cc tip im, cun dy, cc hp(trong LAD) hay IC s trong FBD.

Nhng lnh ny phi phi hp c trng thi cc tip im quyt nh v gitr trng thi u ra hoc gi tr logic cho php hoc khng cho php thc chc nng camt (hay nhiu) cun dy hoc hp. Trong lp trnh lgic thng hay s dng hai ngnng LAD v STL v n gn gi hn i vi chuyn ngnh in. Sau y l nhng nhngha cn phi nm khi bt tay vo thit k mt chng trnh:1. nh ngha v LAD: LAD l ngn ng lp trnh bng ha. Nhnh thnh phn cbn dng trong LAD tng ng vi nhng thnh phn cbn dng trong bng mch rle.

+ Tip im c hai loi: Thng ng

Thng h

+ Cun dy (coil): ( )+ Hp (box): M t cc hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c tn hiu a n hp.C cc nhm hp sau: hp cc bnh thi, hp cc bm, hp di chuyn dliu, hp cc hm ton hc, hp trong truyn thng mng...+ Mng LAD: L mch ni cc phn t thnh mt mng hon thin, cc phn tnh cun dy hoc cc hp phi c mc ng chiu. Ngun in c hai ngchnh, mt ng bn tri th hin dy nng, mt ng bn phi l dy trung tnh(neutral) nhng khng c th hin trn giao din lp trnh. Mt mach lm vicc khi cc phn tc mc ng chiu v kn mch.

2.nh ngha v STL: L phng php th hin chng trnh di dng tp hp cc culnh. to ra mt chng trnh bng STL, ngi lp trnh cn phi hiu r phng thcs dng 9 bit trong ngn xp (stack) logic ca S7 200.

Ngn xp l mt khi 9 bit chng ln nhau t S0S8, nhng tt c cc thut tonlin quan n ngn xp u lm vic vi bit u tin v bit th hai (S0 v S1) ca ngnxp. gi tr logic mi c thc gi hoc ni thm vo ngn xp. Hai bit S0 v S1 phihp vi nhau th ngn xp c ko ln mt bit.Ngn xp ca S7 200 (logic stack):


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S0

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

S6

S7

S8

3.2.Vng qut (thc hin chng trnh) v cu trc ca mt chng trnh:PLC thc hin chng trnh theo vng lp. Mi vng lp c gi l vng qut (scan).Cc giai on ca vng qut:

Khi gp lnh vo/ra tc thi ngay lp tc h thng dng tt c mi cng vic khc,ngay c chng trnh x l ngt thc hin chng trnh ny trc tip vi cng vo/ra.

Nu sdng cc ch ngt, chng trnh con tngng vi tng tn hiungtc son tho v cit nhmt b phn ca chng trnh. Chng trnh xl ngt chc thc hin trong vng qut khi xut hin tn hiu bo ngt v c th

xy ra bt cthiim ntrong vng qut.

Stack0 bit u tin ca ngn xp.Stack1 bit th hai ca ngn xp.Stack2 bit th ba ca ngn xp.Stack3 bit th t ca ngn xp.Stack4 bit th nm ca ngn xp.Stack5 bit th su ca ngn xp.Stack6 bit th by ca ngn xp.Stack7 bit th tm ca ngn xp.Stack8 bit th chn ca ngn xp.

Hnh 3.3: M t ngn xp ca S7 200.


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3.3.Tp lnh S7-200:Tp lnh ca S7-200 c chia lm 3 nhm:

1. Cc lnh m khi thc hin th lm vic c lp khng ph thuc vo gi tr logicca bit u tin trong ngn xp (gi l nhm lnh khng iu kin).2. Cc lnh ch thc hin khi bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi tr bng 1 (gi lnhm lnh c iu kin).3. Cc nhn lnh nh du v tr trong tp lnh (gi l nhm lnh iu khinchng trnh).

! Cc ngn ngsdng chI (Immediately) ch ngha tc thi.

Cy lnhTp lnh BitTp lnh can thip vo thi gian h thngTp lnh truyn thngTp lnh so snhTp lnh bin iTp cc bmTp lnh ton hcTp lnh ton hcTp lnh iu khin ngtTp lnh cc php tnh logic bin iTp lnh di chuyn d liuTp lnh iu khin chng trnhTp lnh thao tc vi thanh ghi (dch/quay vng thanh ghi)Tp lnh lm vic vi chuiTp lnh lm vic vi bng d liuTp cc bnh thiTp lnh gi chng trnh con v chng trnh ngt

Hnh 3.3: M t cy lnh vi SIMATIC S7-200.


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Hnh 3.4: M t cy lnh bit.

1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Hnh 3.5:M t cy lnh can thip vo thi gian h thng.

2

2

22

2

2

2

2

Hnh 3.6:M t cy lnh truyn thng.


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1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1


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Hnh 3.7:M t cy lnh so snh

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1


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Hnh 3.8:M t cy lnh bin i.

2

2

2

2

2

2

22

2

22

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

Hnh 3.9:M t cy lnh cc bm.

2

2

2

22

2

Hnh 3.10:M t cy lnh cc bnh thi.

2

22


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Hnh 3.11:M t cy lnh iu khin ngt

2

2

2

2

2

Hnh 3.12:M t cy lnh hc kiu Floating-Point.

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

Hnh 3.13:M t cy lnh ton hc kiu Integer.

2

2

2

2

2

22

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2


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Hnh 3.16:M t cy lnhiu khin chng trnh.

Hnh 3.14:M t cy lnhphp tnh logic bin i.

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

Hnh 3.15:M t cy lnhdi chuyn d liu.

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

33


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Hnh 3.17:M t cy lnhiu khin chng trnh.

2

2

2

22

2

2

2

2

2

2

Hnh 3.18:M t cy lnhlm vic vi chui.

2

2

2

22

2

2

22

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2


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!1_Cc lnh khngiu kin.2_Cc lnh c iu kin.3_Cc lnh iu khin chng trnh.

3.4. C php v cch ng dng SIMATIC struction S7-200:3.4.1. Ton hng v gii hn cho php:

Bng : Gii hn ton hng ca CPU S7-200 series CPU 22x.

Hnh 3.19:M t cy lnhlm vic vi bng d liu.

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2


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3.4.2. SIMATIC Bit Logic instruction:

Bng : Standard contacts, Immediate contacts, Not, Positive_Negative transition.STL LAD

M tDescription

Ton hngOperands

Kiu d liuData Types

LD

A

O

Tip im thng mscng khi bit = 1

bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,T, C, S, L

Bool

LDN

AN

ON

Tip im thng ng scmkhi bit = 1


Bool

LDI

AI

OI

Tip im thng msng tcthi (khng ph thuc vo chu k

vng qut)bit: I Bool

LDNI

AIN

OIN

Tip im thng ng s mtcthi (khng ph thuc vo chu k

vng qut)bit: I Bool

NOTo gi tr logic ca bit u tin

trong ngn xpKhng Khng

EU

Bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi

tr bng 1 (trong khong thi gianng bng 1 chu k vng qut)khi pht hin sn ln ca tn hiuu vo.

bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,

T, C, S, LBool

bit

bit

bit

bit

NOT


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S

bit

n

ED

Bit u tin trong ngn xp c gitr bng 1 (trong khong thi gianng bng 1 chu k vng qut)khi pht hin sn xung ca tnhiu u vo.


Bool

1. SIMATIC Bit Logic Instructin:

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu d liuData Types

= bit

Cun dy u ra trng thi ONkhi c dng in iu khin iqua.

bit: I, Q, M, V, SM,T, C, S, L Bool

=I bit

Cun dy u ra trng thi ONtc thi (khng ph thuc vochu k vng qut) khi c dngin iu khin i qua.

bit: QBool

S bit, n

Set 1 mng gm n tip im,tnh t tip im "bit" (n


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SI

bit

n

R bit, n

Reset 1 mng gm n tip im,tnh t tip im "bit" (n


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2. SIMATIC Copare Byte Instructions:

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu d liuData Types

COPARE BYTE

LDB=

AB=

OB=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byteIN1 v IN2.Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1= IN2 l ng.

IB, QB, MB,

VB, SMB, SB,LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Byte

LDB

AB

OB

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byteIN1 v IN2.

Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 IN2 l ng.

IB, QB, MB,

VB, SMB, SB,

LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Byte

LDB=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai byteIN1 v IN2.Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1>= IN2 l ng.

IB, QB, MB,

VB, SMB, SB,LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Byte

COPARE WORD (COPARE INTEGER)LDW=

AW=

OW=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca haiWord IN1 v IN2.

Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1= IN2 l ng.

IW, QW, MW, VW,

SMW, SW, LW,

AC, Constant, VD,AC, LD

Word

LDW

AW

OW


Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 IN2 l ng.

IW, QW, MW, VW,

SMW, SW, LW,

AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LDWord

==B

IN1

IN2

B

IN1

IN2

=B

IN1

IN2

==I

IN1

IN2

I

IN1

IN2


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LDW>

AW>

OW>


Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 > IN2 l ng.

IW, QW, MW, VW,

SMW, SW, LW,

AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Word

LDW>=

AW>=

OW>=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai

Word IN1 v IN2.Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 >= IN2 l ng.

IW, QW, MW, VW,

SMW, SW, LW,AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Word

LDW=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca haiDoubleWord IN1 v IN2.Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 >= IN2 l ng.

ID, QD, MD, VD,

SMD, SD, LD, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

DoubleWord

LDDW

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai sthc IN1 v IN2.Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 > IN2 l ng

ID, QD, MD, VD,

SMD, SD, LD, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Real

LDR>=

AR>=

OR>=

Lnh so snh gi tr ca hai sthc IN1 v IN2.Trng thi tip im l ng khilnh so snh IN1 >= IN2 l ng

ID, QD, MD, VD,SMD, SD, LD, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Real

LDR.

PTN: IW, QW,VW, LW, SW,

MW, SMW, AIW,T, C, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

INTAD_T_TBL

EN ENO

TBL

PTN

INDX

CMD


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INDX: LW, SW,MW, SMW, AIW,

T, C, VD, AC,

LDWord

FND< TBL,

PARNT, INDX

FND> TBL,

PARNT, INDX

, .

Khi tm thy , INDXs ch vo d liuu tin tm ctrong bng v lnh

c kt thc. Do tm kim d liutip theo, INDX phic tng gi tr l vgi li lnh ny. Nunh khng tm thyINDX c gi trngbng gi tr ca bm EC.

CMD: Constant

Byte

Bng : S khc nhau gia bng d liu nh ngha bng lnh ATT, FIFO, LIFO v lnhFIN.


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Hnh 35: V d v cch s dng lnh tm kim FND.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

TypesFisrt - In - Fisrf - Out


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TBL: IW, QW,VW, LW, SW,

MW, T, C, VD,

AC, LD INT

FIFO TABLE,

DATA

Lnh ly d liu utin ca bng ra khibng. Nu bng trng c ngha l dliu trong c lyra ht, hay EC=0, bitSM1.4=1. D liu lyra ghi vo DATA(kiu t). Cc d liucn li c dn lnv tr trn lp chtrng va mi b lyi. Khi lnh thc hinxong ni dung ca ECgim i mt n v.

DATA: IW,QW, VW, LW,SW, MW, SMW,

AIW, T, C, AQW,

VD, AC, LD

Word

Hnh 36: V d v cch s dng lnh FIFO..

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliu

FIFOEN ENO

TBL DATA


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Data

Types

Last - In - Fisrf - OutTBL: IW, QW,

VW, LW, SW,

MW, T, C, VD,AC, LD INT

LIFO TABLE,

DATA

Lnh ly d liu cuicng ca bng ra khibng tc l d liuc nhp sau cng.Nu bng trng cngha l d liu trong c ly ra ht,hay EC=0, bit

SM1.4=1. D liu lyra ghi vo DATA(kiu t). Cc d liucn li c dn ln

v tr trn lp chtrng va mi b lyi. Khi lnh thc hinxong ni dung ca ECgim i mt n v.

DATA: IW,QW, VW, LW,SW, MW, SMW,

AIW, T, C, AQW,

VD, AC, LD

Word

Hnh 37: V d v cch s dng lnh LIFO.

LIFOEN ENO

TBL DATA


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STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

Memory FillIN: IW, QW, VW,LW, SW, MW, SMW,

AIW, T, C, AC,

Constant, VD, AC,

LD

Word

N: IB, QB, MB, VB,SMB, SB, LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

ByteFILL IN, OUT,

N

Lnh in gi trcha trong WordIN vo mng btu ta chWord OUT.

N l s tn camng, 1


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ANDB IN1,

OUT

Lnh thc hin AND giacc bit tng ng ca haiByte IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Byte OUT.

IN1, IN2:IB, QB, MB,

VB, SMB,

SB, LB, AC,

Constant,

VD, AC,LD

Byte

ORB IN1, OUT

Lnh thc hin OR gia ccbit tng ng ca hai ByteIN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi voByte OUT.

XORB IN1,

OUT

Lnh thc hin XOR giacc bit tng ng ca hai

Byte IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Byte OUT.

OUT:IB, QB, MB,

VB, SMB,

SB, LB, AC,

VD, AC,

LD

Byte

And Word, Or Word, Exclusive Or Word

ANDW IN1,

OUT

Lnh thc hin AND giacc bit tng ng ca haiWord IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Word OUT.

ORW IN1,OUT

Lnh thc hin OR gia cc

bit tng ng ca hai WordIN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi voWord OUT.

IN1, IN2:IW, QW,VW, LW, SW,

MW, SMW,

AIW, T, C,

AC, Constant,

VD, AC,

LD

XORW IN1,

OUT

Lnh thc hin XOR giacc bit tng ng ca haiWord IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo Word OUT.

OUT:IW, QW,VW, LW, SW,

MW, SMW, T,

C, AC, VD,

AC, LD

Word

And DWord, Or DWord, Exclusive Or DWord

ANDD IN1,

OUT

Lnh thc hin AND giacc bit tng ng ca hai tkp IN1 v IN2, kt qu ghivo t kp OUT.

ORD 1, OUT Lnh thc hin OR gia ccbit tng ng ca hai t kp

IN1, IN2:ID, QD, VD,LD, SD, MD,

SMD, HD, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

DoubleWord

WOR_BEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2

WXOR_BEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2

WAND_WEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2

WOR_W

EN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2

WXOR_WEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2

WAND_BEN ENO

IN1 OUT

IN2

WAND_DWEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2

WOR_DWEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2


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IN1 v IN2, kt qu ghi vot kp OUT.

XORD IN1,

OUT

Lnh thc hin XOR giacc bit tng ng ca hai tkp IN1 v IN2, kt qughi vo t kp OUT.

OUT:ID, QD, VD,

LD, MD, SMD,

AC, VD,

AC, LD

Hnh 39: V d v cch s dng lnh AND, OR, XOR.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

Invert Byte, Invert Word, Invert DWord

WXOR_DWEN ENO

IN1 OUTIN2


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INVB OUT

Lnh o tng bit cabyte u vo IN, ktqa a ra u raOUT.

Thng th u vo vra cng a ch.

IN:IB, QB, MB,VB, SMB, SB,

LB, AC, Constant,

VD, AC, LDOUT:IB, QB,MB, VB, SMB,SB, LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Byte

INVW OUT

Lnh o tng bit catn u vo IN, ktqa a ra u raOUT.


IN: IW, QW, VW,LW, SW, MW,

SMW, AC, AIW , T,

C, Constant, VD,

AC, LDOUT: IW, QW,

VW, LW, SW, MW,

SMW, AC, T, C,

VD, AC, LD

Word

INVD OUT

Lnh o tng bit cat kp u vo IN, ktqa a ra u raOUT.


IN: ID, QD, VD,LD, SD, MD, SMD,

HD, AC, Constant,

VD, AC, LDOUT: ID, QD,VD, LD, SD, MD,

SMD, AC, VD,

AC, LD

DWord

Hnh 40: V d v cch s dng lnh INVB, INVW, INVD.10. SIMATIC Stack Logic Instructions:

INV_BEN ENO

IN1 OUT

INV_WEN ENO

IN1 OUT

INV_DWEN ENO

IN1 OUT


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Cc lnh tip im trong i s Boolean cho php to lp c cc mch logic(khng c nh). Trong LAD cc mch ny biu din thng qua cu trc mch, mc nitip hay song song cc mch tip im thng ng v cc tip im thng m. STL cth s dng cc lnh A (And) v O (Or) cho cc tip im mc ni tip v song song lthng h hoc cc lnh AN (And Not) v ON (Or Not) cho cc tip im mc ni tipv song song l thng ng. Ga tr ca cc bit trong ngn xp thay i tu thuc votng lnh. Trong phn ny chng ta s i su hn v s lm vic ca cc bit trong ngnxp, vic hiu v nm bt v ngn xp l iu rt cn thit trong vn lp trnh dngngn ng STL.

Ngoi nhng lnh lm vic trc tip vi tip im, S7-200 cn c 5 lnh c bitbiu din ccc php tnh ca i s Boolean cho cc bit trong ngn xp, c gi l cclnh stack logic. Trong LAD khng dng nhng lnh ny. STL s dng cc lnh ny thc hin nhng php ton ca phng trnh c nhiu biu thc con. Sau y l bng tmtt c php v hng dn cch s dng lnh.

STL LAD M tDescription

Ton

hngOperands

Kiu d

liuData

Types

And Load

ALD none

Lnh t hp gi tru tin v gi tr cabit th hai trong ngn xp bng phptnh . Kt quc ghi li vo bit utin ca ngn xp. Ga tr cn li cko ln 1 bit.

none none

Or LoaD

OLD none

Lnh t hp gi tru tin v gi tr cabit th hai trong ngn xp bng phptnh . Kt quc ghi li vo bit utin ca ngn xp. Ga tr cn li cko ln 1 bit.

none none

Logic PuSh

LPS none

Sao chp gi tr ca bit u tin vo bitth hai trong ngn xp. Ga tr cn li by xung 1 bit. Bit cui cng by rangoi.

none none

Logic ReaD

LRD none

Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th hai vobit u tin ca ngn xp, cc gi tr cnli ca ngn xp vn gi nguyn.

none none

Logic PoP

LPP noneLnh ko ngn xp ln 1 bit theo nguyntc bit sao ln bit trc.

none none


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LoaD Stack

LDS n none

Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th n (ngnxp c 9 bit th bit th nh c tnh l1...n bit cui cng l 8) ca ngn xpln bit u tin. Cc gi tr cn li cangn xp bi y li xung 1 bit, bit cuicng by ra khi ngn xp.

n: 18 Byte

Hnh 41: M t hot ng ca lnh LDS.

Hnh 42: M t hot ng ca lnh ALD v OLD.


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Hnh 43: M t hot ng ca lnh LPS, LRD, LPP.

Hnh 44: V d v cch s dng lnh ALD, OLD, LPP, LPS, LRD.11. SIMATIC Conversion Instructions:Cc hm i kiu d liu cho php thc hin vic i kiu d liu t kiu ny sang kiukhc. Sau y l cc lnh bin i kiu d liu trong STL v LAD:

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

BCD to Integer and Integer to BCD

BCDI OUT

Lnh chuyn i mts nh_thp phn INsang s nguyn v lukt qu vo OUT.Gii hn ca IN:09999.

IN: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW, SMW,

AIW ,AC, T, C,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD, SW.OUT: IW, QW,

Word

BCD_IEN ENO

IN OUT


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VW, LW, MW,

SMW, AC, T, C,

VD, AC, LD,

SW.

IBCD OUT

Lnh chuyn i mts nguyn IN sang snh_thp phn v lukt qu vo OUT.Gii hn ca IN:09999.

IN: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW, SMW,AIW ,AC, T, C,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

OUT: IW, QW,VW, LW, MW,

SMW, AC, T, C,

VD, AC, LD.

Word

Double Integer to Real

DTR IN,

OUT

Lnh chuyn i snguyn 32 bit IN sangs thc (32 bit) v lukt qu vo OUT.

IN: ID, QD, VD,LD, MD, SMD, AC,

HD, Constant, VD,

AC, LD, SD.

OUT:ID, QD, VD,LD, MD, SMD, AC,

HD, VD, AC,

LD, SD.

DWord

RoundIN: ID, QD, VD,LD, MD, SMD, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD, SD.

Real

ROUND

IN, OUT

Lnh chuyn i sthc IN thnh snguyn double Integer

(lm trn s) v kt qal vo OUT.Nu phn l >= 0.5 thc lm trn v phaln hn 1 n v.

OUT:ID, QD, VD,LD, MD, SMD, AC,

HD, VD, AC,

LD, SD.

DINT

Truncate

TRUNC IN,

Hm chuyn i sthc 32 bit c du sang

s nguyn 32 bit cdu.

IN: ID, QD, VD,LD, MD, SMD, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD, SD.

Real

I_BCDEN ENO

IN OUT

DI_REN ENO

IN OUT

RONUDEN ENO

IN OUT

TRUNCEN ENO

IN OUT


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OUT OUT:ID, QD, VD,LD, MD, SMD, AC,

HD, VD, AC,

LD, SD.

DINT

Double Integer to Integer and Integer to Double IntegerIN: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW,SW,

SMW, AIW ,AC, T,

C, Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

INT

ITD IN,

OUT

Lnh chuyn i snguyn 16 bit sang s

nguyn 32 bit. OUT: ID, QD,VD,LD, MD,SD, SMD,

AC, VD, AC,

LD.

DINT

IN: ID, QD,VD,LD, MD,SD, SMD,

AC,Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

DINT

DTI IN,

OUT

Lnh chuyn i snguyn 32 bit sang s

nguyn 16 bit.OUT: IW, QW,VW, LW, MW,SW,

SMW, AC, T, C,

VD, AC, LD.

INT

Integer to Real, Byte to Integer and Integer to Byte

(Integer to

Real) none

Khng c lnh chuyni trc tip ny. Ta cth thc hin cbng cch dng lnhITD (chuyn s nguyn16 bit thnh s nguyn32 bit) sau dng tiplnh DTR (chuyn snguyn 32 bit sang sthc ).

none none

BTI IN,

OUT

Lnh chuyn i gi trca Byte IN thnh gitr Integer 16 bit v lu

vo OUT.

IN: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, SB, LB,

AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD.Byte

I_DIEN ENO

IN OUT

DI_IEN ENO

IN OUT


52/80



OUT: IW, QW,VW, LW, MW,SW,

SMW, AC, T, C,

VD, AC, LD.INT

IN: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW,SW,

SMW, AC, T, C,

AIW, Constant,

VD, AC, LD.

INT

IBT IN,

OUT

Lnh chuyn i gi trtrong Word IN thnh

gi Byte v lu gi trny vo OUT.

OUT: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, SB, LB,

AC, VD, AC,

LD.

Byte

Hnh 45: V d minh ho cch s dng cc lnh chuyn i.

I_BEN ENO

IN OUT


53/80



STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

DecodeIN: IB, QB, MB,

SMB, VB, SB,LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD

Byte

DECO IN,

OUT

Lnh t gi tr logic 1vo bit ca tn OUTc ch s (trng s ca

bit thuc Word) bng snguyn nm trong nibble(4 bit) thp ca byte u

vo IN.

Cc bi cn li ca tnc gi tr logic bng 0.

OUT: IW, QW,VW, LW,

MW,SW, SMW,

AC, T, C, AIW,

VD, AC, LD.

Word

IN: IW, QW,

VW, LW,MW,SW, SMW,

AC, T, C, AIW,

VD, AC, LD.

WordENCO IN,

OUT

Lnh xc nh ch s cabit thp nht trong tn IN c gi tr logic

1v ghi kt qu ny vonibble thp nht ca byte

u ra OUT.

OUT: IB, QB,MB, SMB, VB,

SB, LB, AC,

VD, AC, LD.

Byte

ENCOEN ENO

IN OUT

DECOEN ENO

IN OUT


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Hnh 46: V d v cch s dng lnh DECO.

Hnh 47: V d v cch s dng lnh ENCO.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

Segment


55/80



IN: IB, QB, MB,SMB, LB, VB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, SB, LD.SEG IN,OUT

Lnh xut cc bit chothanh ghi 7 ontng ng vi nidung ca 4 bit thpnht ca byte u voIN. Kt quc chivo byte u ra.

OUT: IB, QB, MB,SMB, LB, VB, AC,

VD, AC, SB,

LD.

Byte

ASCII to Hexa and Hexa to ASCIIIN, OUT:IB, QB, MB, SMB,

LB, VB, VD, AC,

SB, LD.Byte

ATH IN,OUT, LEN

Thc hin php bini mt chui k t c di c ch thtrong ton hng LEN,bt u bng k t chnh trong ton hngIN, sang s nguyn hcs 16 v ghi vovng nhk t bytec chnh biOUT. di cc ica chui k t l 255.Nhng k t hp l lnhng k t c mASCII t 3039 v4146 (cs 16, ngvi cc k t t 09,AF ). Nu m homt k t b sai th qutrnh m ho b dngli v bit SM1.7 c gitr logic bng 1.

LEN:IB, QB, MB, SMB,

LB, VB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, SB, LD.

Byte

HTA IN,OUT, LEN

Thc hin i mt dych vit trong h cs16 thnh chui k tm ASCII. Dy suvo c lu trongmng bt u bng IN

IN, OUT:IB, QB, MB, SMB,

LB, VB, VD, AC,

SB, LD.Byte

SEGEN ENO

IN OUT

ATHEN

IN OUTLEN

ATHEN

IN OUTLEN


56/80



v c di l LEN. di cc i ca dys l 255. Chui k tu ra c ghi vomng c byte u lOUT.

LEN:IB, QB, MB, SMB,

LB, VB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, SB, LD.

Hnh 48: V d v cch s dng lnh ATH, HTA.

Hnh 49: V d v cch s dng lnh SEG.

Hnh 50: M hin th thanh ghi 7 on.


57/80



12. SIMATIC Clock Instrutions:Tuyt i khng s dng lnh c /ghi (TODR/TODW) thi gian thc cng mt

lc trong chng trnh chnh v chng trnh x l ngt. Khi mt lnh TODR hocTODW thc hin th khi gi chng trnh x l ngt, cc lnh lm vic vi ng hthi gian thc trong chng trnh x l ngt s khng c thc hin na. Bit SM4.5 sc mc logic 1 trong nhng trng hp nh vy.

ng h thi gian thc ch c i vi CPU214 trln. c th lm vic ving h thi gian thc th CPU s cung cp 2 lnh c/ghi gi tr cho ng h. Nhng gitrc c hoc ghi c vi ng h thi gian thc l cc gi tr v ngy, thng, nmv cc gi tr v gi, pht, giy.

Cc d liu c/ghi vi ng h thi gian thc trong LAD, STL c di 1 bytev phi c m ho theo kiu s nh thp phn BCD (Ex: 16#95 CHO NM 95).Chng nm trong bm gm 8 byte lin nhau theo th t nh sau:

Hnh 51: Bm 8 byte cu lnh ng h thi gian thc.Cc gi trca cc thng sphi nm trong gii hn:

CPU S7-200 khng thc hin kim tra li ngy thng, ngy ca tun iu chnhli ngy thng. Gi tr v ngy thng nh l February 30 c thc chp nhn. Do bn s phi chc chn rng ngy thng ca ba vo l ng.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

Read Real-Time Clock and Set Real-Time Clock

TODR T

Lnh c ni dungca ng h thigian thc vo bm 8 byte cchnh trong lnhbng ton hng T.

TODW T Lnh ghi ni dung

T: VB,IB, QB, MB,SMB, SB, LB, VD,

AC, LD.

Byte

READ_RTCEN ENO

T


58/80



ca bm 8 bytec chnh tronglnh bng tonhng T vo ngh thi gian thc.

13. SIMATIC Program Control Instrutions:Cc lnh ca chng trnh, nu khng c nhng lnh iu khin ring, sc

thc hin tn t t trn xung di trong mt vng qut. Lnh iu khin chng trnhcho php thay i th t thc hin lnh. Chng cho php chuyn th t nh: ng l ral lnh tio theo, ti mt lnh bt c no khc ca chng trnh; trong ni iu khinchuyn n phi c nh du trc bng nhn chch. Nhm lnh iu khin chngtrnh gm: lnh nhy, lnh gi chng trnh con, nhn chch (hay gi n gin l

nhn), phi c nh du trc khi thc hin lnh nhy hay lnh gi chng trnh con.Vic t nhn cho lnh nhy phi nm trong chng trnh. Nhn ca chng trnh

con hay nhn ca chngtrnh x l ngt phi c khai bo u chng trnh. Khngth dng lnh JMP chuyn iu khin t chng trnh chnh vo nhn bt k trongchng trnh con hoc chng trnh x l ngt. Ngc li cng khng c php t mtchng trnh con hay chng trnh x l ngt nhy ra ngoi chng trnh chnh .

Lnh gi chng trnh con l lnh chuyn quyn iu khin n chng trnh con.Sau khi chng trnh con thc hin xong th quyn iu khin li c chuyn v lnhtip theo trong chng trnh chnh nagy sau lnh gi chng trnh con. T mt chngtrnh con c th gi mt chng trnh con khc trong n, c th gi nh vy nhiu nht l

8 ln. Php quy cng c th thc hin c trong S7-200, mc d khng b cm songphi ch n gii hn trn.Trng thi ca ngn xp:Nu lnh nhy hay lnh gi chng trnh con c thc

hin th nh ngn xplun c g tr logic bng 1. Nh vy trong chng trnh con cclnh c iu kin c thc hin nh lnh khng c iu kin. Sau cc lnh LBL (lnht nhn) v SBR, lnh LD trong STL s b v hiu ho.

Khi mt chng trnh con oc gi, ton b ni dung trong ngn xp sc cti, nh ca ngn xp nhn gi tr logic mi l 1, cc bit khc cn li ca ngn xp nhngi tr logic l 0 v iu khin c chuyn n chng trnh con c gi. Khi thchin xong chng trnh con v trc khi quyn iu khin c chuyn n chng trnh gi n th ni dung ca ngn xp c ct gi trc sc chuyn trli chongn xp.

Ni dung ca thanh ghi AC khng c ct gi khi gi chng trnh con, nhngkhi mt chng trnh x l ngt c gi, ni dung thanh ghi AC sc ct gi trckhi thc hin chng trnh x l ngt v tr li sau khi chng trnh x l ngt va thchin xong. Bi vy chng trnh x l ngt c th t do s dng 4 thanh ghi AC ca S7-200.

SET_RTCEN ENO

T


59/80



STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

Jump to Label and Label

JMP n

Lnh nhy thc hinchuyn quyn iukhin n nhn ntrong mt chngtrnh.

LBL n

Lnh khai bo nhn ntrong mt chngtrnh.

n:CPU 212:0 n 63CPU 21x khc t

0 n 255.

none

Hnh 52: V d cch s dng lnh JMP, LBL.

STLLAD

M tDescription

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

JMP

JMP


60/80



Types

Subroutine and Return Subroutine

SBR n

Lnh gi chngtrnh con, thc hinphp chuyn quyn

iu khin nchng trnh con cnhn n.

n:CPU 212:0 n 15CPU 21x khc t

0 n 255.none

RET

Lnh trv chngtrnh gi chngtrnh con khng iukin.

CRET

Lnh trv chngtrnh gi chng

trnh con c iukin.

none none

SBRnEN

RET

CRET


61/80



Hnh 53: V d cch s dng lnh gi v thot khi chng trnh con.Cc lnh sau s can thip vo thi gian vng qut, n c dng kt thc

chng trnh ang thc hin hoc ko di thm thi gian ca vng qut.Trong chng trnh chnh, kt thc chng trnh bng lnh MEND, nhng trong

son tho chng trnh chng ta khng cn lnh kt thc ny m Step 7 MicroWin mc nh ri. Lnh END cng l lnh kt thc chng trnh nhng l lnh kt thc ciu kin.

Khi chng trnh chnh hoc chng trnh con gp lnh STOP th chng trnh skt thc ngay ti cui vng qut hin thi v CPU chuyn sang ch STOP.

Nu trong chng trinh x l ngt gp lnh STOP th ngt cng c dng lingay lp tc, cc tn hiu x l ngt ang cn nm trong hng i s b hu b, phn cnli ca chng trnh s khng thc hin.Vic thc s chuyn sang ch STOP xy ra cui chu k vng qut hin thi sau giai on xut tn hiu cho u ra.

Lnh WDR s khi ng li ng h quan sat (Watchdog Timer), chng trnhtip tc thc hin trong vng qut ch quan sat. Nn cn thn khi s dng lnh ny.Khi trong chng trnh s dng lnh lp, hoc thi gian tr qu ln th nhng qu trnhsau b hn ch:

- Truyn thng (loi tr kiu Freeport).- Cp nht vo ra (tr nhng lnh vo ra tc th).- Cp nht cng bc.- Cp nht cc bit kiu SM.- Chun on thi gian chy.

- Vi cc vng qut ln hn 25 giy th cc b Timer c phn gii10ms v100ms s khng c chnh xc.

Nu thi gian ca vng qut ln hn 300ms, hoc khi gpkj mt ngt c chngtrnh x l ngt vi thi gian chy chng trnh lu hn 300ms th cn phi s cng lnhWDR khi ng li ng h quan st.


62/80



Vic chuyn cng tc phn cng sang ch STOP hoc thc hin lnh STOPtrong chng trnh s l nguyn nhn t chiu khin vo ch dng trongkhong thi gian 1,4s.

STL LAD

M tDescription

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

End and Stop and Watchdog Timer

END

Lnh kt thc chngtrnh hin hnh c ukin.

STOP

Lnh kt thc chngtrnh hin hnh vchuyn sang chSTOP.

WDR

Lnh khi ng ling h quan st.

none none

Hnh 54: V d v cch s dng lnh STOP, WDR, END xy dng cu trc vng lp nhm thc hin lp mt khi lnh ring bit trong

chng trnh. S dng lnh FOR...NEXT thit k mt vng lp vi s ln c thnhtrc bng hai ton hng INIT kiu tn chim khi phtv FINAL cng kiu tn chim kt thc. Ngoi ra lnh cn s dng mt tn INDX lu svng lptc thi.

Mi mt cu lnh FORi hi phi c mt cu lnh NEXT ng cui khi lnhc lp. Cc vng FOR...NEXT c thc lng vo nhau nhng s lnh lng vonhau khng c vt qu 8 ln.

END

STOP

WDR


63/80



Ti thi im bt u thc hin lnh vng lp FOR, tn INDX nhn gi tr caINIT. Sau , mi khi kt thc mt vng lp, tc l khi gp lnh NEXT, ni dung caINDX c tng ln 1 n v v c so snh vi ni dung ca FINAL. Nu ni dungca INDX cha ln hn ni dung ca FINAL th chng trnh s tip tc thc hin livng lp, ngc li khi ni dung ca INDX ln hn ni dung ca FINAL th chngtrnh s kt thclnh FOR...NEXT v tip tc thc hin lnh k tip nm ngay sau lnhNEXT.

Khi lnh NEXT thc hin th bit u tin trong ngn xp c gi tr logic bng 1.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliuData

Types

FOR...NEXTINDX: IW, QW, VW, LW,MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C,

VD, AC, LD.

INT

INIT: IW, QW, VW, LW,MW,SW, SMW, AC, T, C,

AIW, Constant, VD, AC,

LD.

INTFOR

INDX,

INIT,

FINAL

V da vo INITgi tr 1, FINAL

gi tr l 10. Lnhs thc hin lpng 10 ln, s lnlp c qun ltrong tn INDX.Vt qa 10 ln lnhs kt thc vchng trnh tiptc thc hin cclnh k tip.

FINAL: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW,SW, SMW, AC,

T, C, AIW, Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

INT

NEXT Lnh kt thc vnglp.

none none

FOREN ENOINDX

INIT

FINAL

NEXT


64/80



Hnh 55: V d v cch s dng lnh FOR...NEXT.

14. SIMATIC Shift and Rotate Register Instrutions:

Lm vic vi thanh ghi c nhm lnh sau:Lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi, trong ny cng c hai nhm:

+ Lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit.+ Lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi c di tu , c nh ngha trong lnh.

Lnh quay vng thanh ghi, trong ny cng c hai nhm :+ Lnh quay vng thanh ghi 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit.+ Lnh quay vng thanh ghi c di tu , c nh ngha trong lnh.

Khi sdng lnh dch chuyn cc bit ca thanh ghi (Byte, Word, DWord) cn ch cc im sau y:

1. Khng thc hin vic dich chuyn nu s ln y bng 0.

2. Nu s ln y c gi tr ln hn 0, bit nhtrn SM1.1 s c gi tr ca bit cuicng c y ra.3. Nu s ln y ln hn hoc bng 8 i vi byte, 16 i vi Word, 32 i vit kp th lnh s thc hin lnh y ln nht ch bng 8, 16, 32.4. Lnh SLB (y cc bit ca byte sang tri), SLW (y cc bit ca Word sangtri) v SLD (y cc bit ca t kp sang tri) s chuyn gi tr 0 vo bit thpnht ca Byte, Word hoc DWord sau mi ln y. Sau lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1s c gi tr logic ca bit th 8-N, 16-N hoc 32-N, trong N l s ln y.5. Lnh SRB (y cc bit ca byte sang phi), SRW (y cc bit ca Word sangphi) v SRD (y cc bit ca t kp sang phi) s chuyn gi tr 0 vo bit thp

nht ca Byte, Word hoc DWord sau mi ln y. Sau lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1s c gi tr logic ca bit th N-1, trong N l s ln y.6. Bit bo kt qu 0 (bit SM1.0) s c gi tr logic bng 1 nu nh sau khi thchin lnh y ni dung ca Byte, Word, DWord bng 0.

Khi sdng lnh quay vng cc bit ca thanh ghi (Byte, Word, DWord) cn ch ccim sau y:

1. Lnh quay thc hinn php y vng trn sang tri hoc sang phi cc bit camt Byte, Word, DWord. Ti mi mt ln quay, gi tr ca cc bit by ra mtu ca thanh ghi li c a vo u kia ca thanh ghi .2. Khng thc hin vic quay vng nu s ln quay bng 0. Hay bng mt bi sca 8 (i vi byte), ca 16 (i vi word) v ca 32 (i vi DWord).3. i vi cc gi tr ca sm ln quay ln hn 8 (i vi byte), ca 16 (i viword) v ca 32 (i vi DWord) lnh s thc hin vi sm ln quay mi bngphn d ca ca php chia tng ng.4. Khi thc hin lnh quay sang phi RRB (quay cc bit ca byte sang phi),RRW (quay cc bit ca Word sang phi) v RRD (quay cc bit ca t kp sangphi), ti mi ln quay gi tr ca bit thp nht c ghi vo bit bo trn


65/80



SM1.1.Sau khi lnh thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th 8-N, 16-Nhoc 32-N, trong N l sm ln quay.5. Khi thc hin lnh quay sang tri RLB (quay cc bit ca byte sang tri), RLW(quay cc bit ca Word sang tri) v RLD (quay cc bit ca t kp sang tri), timi ln quay gi tr ca bit thp nht c ghi vo bit bo trn SM1.1.Sau khilnh thc hin, bit SM1.1 s c gi tr logic ca bit th N-1, trong N l smln quay.6. Bit bo kt qu 0 (bit SM1.0) s c gi tr logic bng 1 nu nh sau khi thchin lnh quay ni dung ca Byte, Word, DWord bng 0.

Cc lnh dich chuyn hoc quay vngnh hngn kt qu ca cc bitc bit nhsau:

Lnh Kiu lnhSM1.0

(kt qu 0)SM1.1

(bo trn)

SM1.2

(kt qam)

SM1.3

(chia cho 0)

SRB khng du c c khng khng

SLB khng du c c khng khngSRW khng du c c khng khngSLW khng du c c khng khngSRD khng du c c khng khngSLD khng du c c khng khngRRB khng du c c khng khngRLB khng du c c khng khngRRW khng du c c khng khngRLW khng du c c khng khngRRD khng du c c khng khng

RLD khng du c c khng khngSHRB khng du khng c khng khng

Nhngiu sau y chng vi cc hm dch chuyn bit ca byte, tn v tkp:+ Nu bm chuyn dch c gi tr ln hn 0 th bit nhtrn SM1.1 c gi trlogic ca bit cui cng c y ra.+ Bit bo kt qu 0 SM1.0 c gi tr logic 1 nu sau khi lnh c thc hin, byte,t hoc t kp c ni dung bng 0.

Nhngiu sau y chng vi cc hm dch chuyn bit ca byte, tn v tkp:+Nu bm chuyn dch khng pho l b s nguyn ca 8, 16, 32 i vi byte,

Word, DWordthif gi tr ca bit cui cng by ra ngoi sc gn cho bit

nhtrn SM1.1.+ Nu bit bo kt qu 0 c gi tr logic bng 1 th gi tr ca byte, t hay t kp

bng 0.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu dliu

Data Types


66/80



Shift Right Byte and Shift Left Byte

SRB OUT,N

SLB OUT,N

Lnh dch phihay lnh dch trithc hin dchchuyn cc bitca Byte u voIN i N ln sangphi hay tri. ktquc lu vou ra OUT.Lnh shift ingi tr zero vocc bit va bdch chuyn i,

bit cui cng bdch chuyn ra sc a vo bitbo trn SM1.1.

Bit bo kt qu 0sc set ln 1nu gi tr cabyte dch chuynl 0.

IN: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, SB, LB,

AC, Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

OUT: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, SB, LB,

AC, VD, AC, LD.

N: IB, QB, MB, SMB,VB, SB, LB, AC,

Constant, VD, AC,

LD.

Byte

Shift Right Word and Shift Left Word

SRW OUT,N

Lnh dch phihay lnh dch trithc hin dchchuyn cc bitca Word uvo IN i N lnsang phi haytri. kt quclu vo u raOUT.

Lnh shift in

IN: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW,SW, SMW,AIW ,AC, T, C,

Constant, VD, AC,

LD.

OUT: IW, QW, VW,LW, MW,SW, SMW,

AC T C VD AC

Word

SHR_WEN ENO

IN OUTN

SHR_BEN ENO

IN OUTN

SHL_BEN ENO

IN OUTN


67/80



SLW OUT,N

gi tr zero vocc bit va bdch chuyn i,bit cui cng bdch chuyn ra s

c a vo bitbo trn SM1.1.

Bit bo kt qu 0sc set ln 1nu gi tr caWord dchchuyn l 0.

AC, T, C, VD, AC,

LD.

N: IB, QB, MB, SMB,VB, SB, LB, AC,

Constant, VD, AC,

LD.

Byte

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu d liuData Types

Shift Right Double Word and Shift Left Double Word

SHL_WEN ENO

IN OUTN


68/80



SRD OUT,N

SLD OUT,N

Lnh dch phihay lnh dch trithc hin dchchuyn cc bitca t kp uvo IN i N lnsang phi haytri. kt quclu vo u raOUT.

Lnh shift ingi tr zero vocc bit va bdch chuyn i,bit cui cng b

dch chuyn ra sc a vo bitbo trn SM1.1.

Bit bo kt qu 0sc set ln 1nu gi tr ca tkp dch chuynl 0.

IN: VD, ID, QD, MD,LD, SD, HC, SMD,AC, Constant, VD,AC, LD.

OUT: VD, ID, QD,MD, LD, SD, SMD,AC, VD, AC, LD.

N: IB, QB, MB, SMB,

VB, SB, LB, AC,Constant, VD, AC,

LD.

DWord

Byte

Rotate Right Byte and Rotate Left Byte

SHR_DWEN ENO

IN OUTN

SHL_DWEN ENO

IN OUTN


69/80



RRB OUT,N

RLB OUT,N

Lnh quay vng sangphi hay lnh quayvng sang tri thc hindch chuyn cc bit cabyte u vo IN i Nln sang phi hay tri.kt quc lu vou ra OUT. Ti miln quay, gi tr ca bitcui cng (bit 0) ca vo bit SM1.1 ngthi a vo bit utin (bit 7) ca byte nu l quay phi, cnngc li i vi lnh

quay tri. Bit bo ktqu 0 s c gi tr bng1 nu gi tr trong byte bng 0.

IN: IB, QB,MB, SMB, VB,

SB, LB, AC,

VD, AC,

LD.

OUT: IB, QB,MB, SMB, VB,

SB, LB, AC,

VD, AC,

LD.

N: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, SB,LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

Byte

Rotate Right Word and Rotate Left Word

RRW OUT,N

RLW OUT,N

Lnh quay vng sangphi hay lnh quayvng sang tri thc hin

dch chuyn cc bit catn u vo IN i Nln sang phi hay tri.kt quc lu vou ra OUT. Ti miln quay, gi tr ca bitcui cng (bit 0) ca vo bit SM1.1 ngthi a vo bit utin (bit 7) ca byte

nu l quay phi, cnngc li i vi lnhquay tri. Bit bo ktqu 0 s c gi tr bng1 nu gi tr trong tn bng 0.

IN: IW, QW,VW, LW,

MW,SW,

SMW, AIW,AC, T, C,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

OUT: IW, QW,VW, LW,

MW,SW,

SMW, AC, T,

C, VD, AC,

LD.

N: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, SB,

LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

Word

Byte

Rotate Right Double Word and Rotate Left Double Word

ROR_BEN ENO

IN OUTN

ROL_WEN ENO

IN OUTN

ROL_WEN ENO

IN OUTN

ROL_BEN ENO

IN OUTN


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RRD OUT,N

RLD OUT,N

Lnh quay vng sangphi hay lnh quayvng sang tri thc hindch chuyn cc bit cat kp u vo IN i Nln sang phi hay tri.kt quc lu vou ra OUT. Ti miln quay, gi tr ca bitcui cng (bit 0) ca vo bit SM1.1 ngthi a vo bit utin (bit 7) ca t kp nu l quay phi,cn ngc li i vi

lnh quay tri. Bit bokt qu 0 s c gi trbng 1 nu gi tr trongt kp bng 0.

IN: VD, ID,QD, MD, LD,

HC, SMD,AC,Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

OUT: VD, ID,QD, MD, LD,

SMD,AC,VD, AC,

LD.

N: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, LB,AC, Constant,

VD, AC,

LD.

DWord

Byte

ROL_DWEN ENO

IN OUT

N

ROL_DWEN ENO

IN OUTN


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Hnh 56: V d v cch s dng lnh dch chuyn v quay vng thanh ghiLnh lm vic vi thanh ghi c di tu :

Lnh thuc nhm ny cung cp mt phng php ni tip v iu khin dng snphm hoc d liu. Thanh ghi c xc nh trong lnh bi ton hng S_BIT cha chbit thp ca thanh ghi v di l gi tr tuyt i ca ton hng N trong lnh (ngha lthanh ghi c di |N| bit). D liu c chuyn vo trong thanh ghi c tn l DATA(DATA = Bool), mt ln trong mt vng qut.

S_BIT l bit thp nht ca thanh ghi, nu gi cao nht trong thanh ghi l MSB.bth MSB.b sc tnh theo cng thc sau:MSB.b = (byte ca S_BIT) + phn nguyn ca( N - 1 + bit ca S_BIT)/8 . phn cntha ca php chia 8 L do tri 1 bi v S-BIT chim mt 1 bit ca thanh ghi.V d S_BIT l V33.4 v N = 14 th MSB.b s l:

MSB.b = [(33) + (|14| - 1 + 4)/8].remainder of the division by 8

= (33 + 2).remainder of the division by 8

= 35.1

MSB.b l : V35.1

Chiu thc hin php dch chuyn ph thuc vo du ca ton hng N trong lnh.Min gi tr cho php ca ton hng N l: -64 N 64.


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Nu N dng th php dch chuyn l php dch tri, gi tr ca DATA cchuyn vo bit thp nht, gi tr logic trong bit cao nht by ra ngoi (vo bit bo trnSM1.1). Ngc li N l m th php dch chuyn l php dch phi, gi tr ca DATAc chuyn vo bit cao nht, gi tr logic trong bit thp nht by ra ngoi (vo bit botrn SM1.1).

SHRB Lnh dch chuyn cc bit ca thanh ghi mt v tr trong mt vng qut. Thanh ghic xo trong lnh bng cc ton hng S_BIT cha ch bit thp trong thanh ghi v |N|ch di thanh ghi. Gi tr logic ca bit by ra khi thanh ghi c ghi vo bit botrn SM1.1.

STL LADTon hngOperands

Kiu d liuData Types

Shift Register Bit

SHRB DATA,S_BIT, N

DATA, S_BIT:I, Q, V, M, SM, T,

C, S, L.

N: IB, QB, MB,SMB, VB, LB, AC,

Constant, VD,

AC, LD.

Bool

Byte

Hnh 57: M t hng dch chuyn ca thanh ghi vi ton hng m v dng.

ROL_DW

EN ENOS_BIT OUT

DATA

N


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Hnh 58: V d v cch s dng lnh dch chuyn thanh ghi c di bt k.15. SIMATIC Interupt and Comunication Instrutions:Cc ch ngt v x l ngt cho php thc hin cc qu trnh tc cao, phn

ng kp thi vi cc s kin bn trong v bn ngoi.Nguyn tc cbn ca mt ch ngt cng ging nh thc hin vic gi mt

chng trnh con, ch khc nhau y l chng trnh con cgi chngbng lnhgi chng trnh con CALL, cn chng trnh x l ngt cgi bngbng tn hiubo ngt.

Khi c mt tn hiu bo ngt, h thng s t chc thc hin gi v thc hinchng trnh con tng ng vi tn hiu ngt , hay ni cch khc l h thng s t chc

x l tn hiu bo ngt . Chng trnh con ny c gi l chng trnh xl ngt.Do vic gi chng trnh x l ngt bng mt tn hiu bo ngt m thi im xuthin tn hiu bo ngt hon ton bng, bi vy h thng s phi h trthm cho cngvic x l ngt nh: ct gi ni dung ngn xp, ni dung thanh ghi AC v cc bit nhcbit; t chc xp hng u tin cho cc tn hiu x l ngt trong trng hp chng chakp thi x l.


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Bng lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tngng vi tng loi CPU 21x:Kiungt

M t tn hiu ngtCPU

212

CPU

214

CPU

215_2DP

CPU

216

0 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y1 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y2 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.1 Y Y Y3 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.1 Y Y Y4 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.2 Y Y Y5 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.2 Y Y Y6 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.3 Y Y Y7 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.3 Y Y Y8 Ngt nhn k tPort 0 Y Y Y Y

9Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hontt Port 0

Y Y Y Y

10 Ngt thi gian 0 Y Y Y Y11 Ngt thi gian 1 Y Y Y

12Ngt theo HSC0, khi gi tr tc thi bnggi trt trc.

Y Y Y Y

13Ngt theo HSC1, khi gi tr tc thi bnggi trt trc.

Y Y Y Y

14Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu bo ihng m t bn ngoi.

Y Y Y

15Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu Reset tngoi

Y Y Y

16Ng

t theo HSC2, khi gi tr

t

c th

i bng

gi trt trc. Y Y Y

17Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu bo ihng m t bn ngoi.

Y Y Y

18Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu Reset tngoi

Y Y Y

19 PLS0 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y20 PLS1 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y

21Ngt theo bnh thi T32, khi gi tcthi CT=PT.

Y Y

22 Ngt theo bnh thi T96, khi gi tcthi CT=PT. Y Y

23Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 0

Y Y

24Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 1

Y

25 Ngt nhn k tPort 1 Y26 Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon Y


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tt Port 1Nu khai bo kiu ngt 12 (HSC0, PV=CV) th hai ku ngt 0 v 1 b v hiu ho.Ngc li, nu sdng kiu ngt 0 v 1 th kiu ngt 12 b v hiu ho.

Bng lit k cc tn hiu bo ngt tngng vi tng loi CPU 22x:Kiu

ngtM t tn hiu ngt

CPU

221

CPU

222

CPU

214,

224XP

CPU

226,

226XM

0 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y1 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.0 Y Y Y Y2 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.1 Y Y Y Y3 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.1 Y Y Y Y4 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.2 Y Y Y Y5 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.2 Y Y Y Y6 Ngt theo sn ln ca I0.3 Y Y Y Y7 Ngt theo sn xung ca I0.3 Y Y Y Y8 Ngt nhn k tPort 0 Y Y Y Y

9Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 0

Y Y Y Y

10 Ngt thi gian 0, SNB34 Y Y Y Y11 Ngt thi gian 1, SMB35 Y Y Y Y

12Ngt theo HSC0, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi trt trc CV=PV.

Y Y Y Y

13Ngt theo HSC1, khi gi tr tc thi bng gi trt trc CV=PV. Y Y

14Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu bo i hngm t bn ngoi.

Y Y

15 Ngt theo HSC1, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y


Y Y


Y Y

18 Ngt theo HSC2, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y19 PLS0 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y Y20 PLS1 Ngt bo hon tt vic m xung Y Y Y Y

21Ngt theo bnh thi T32, khi gi tc thiCT=PT.

Y Y Y Y

22Ngt theo bnh thi T96, khi gi tc thiCT=PT.

Y Y Y Y

23 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 0 Y Y Y Y24 Ngt bo hon tt vic nhn 1 gi tin Port 1 Y


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25 Ngt nhn k tPort 1 Y

26Ngt bo vic truyn d liu hon tt Port 1

Y


Y Y Y Y

28 Ngt theo HSC0, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y Y


Y Y Y Y


Y Y Y Y

31 Ngt theo HSC4, khi c tn hiu Reset t ngoi Y Y Y Y


Y Y Y Y


Y Y Y Y

Thtu tin (priority) v hngi (Queuing) ca cc kiu ngt:Th tu tin ca cc kiu ngt khc nhau c cng ho t trc theo

nguyn tc tn hiu no c trc th x l trc. Nu cng mt lc c nhiu tn hiu bongt th h thng s sp hng i theo th tu tin sau:

Nhm ngt truyn thng (ni tip).Nhm ngt vo ra(k c ngt cho bm HSC v ngt truyn xung).Nhm cc tn hiu bo ngt thi gian.Ti mi thi im ch c 1 chng trnh x l ngt c thc hin. Cng ni thm

rng, nhm ngt truyn thng c v tr u tin cao nht v ngt thi gian c v tr u tin

thp nht nhng khi h thng ang x l ngt thi gian m c tn hiu bo nht thi gianth h thng vn tip tc x l n khi kt thc mpi tip tc x l ngt truyn thng.

Bng hngi ln nht m tng CPU c thc:Nhm u tin 212 214 215 216 221 222 224 226

Ngt truyn thng 4 4 4 8 4 4 4 8Ngt vo ra 4 16 16 16 16 16 16 16

Ngt thi gian 2 4 8 8 8 8 8 8Ring i vi tn hiu bo ngt truyn thng, mc d cha c x l, nhng k t

nhn c cng bit kim tra chn l vn c ghi nhli trong bm km theo ngth t ca tn hiubo ngt.

Khi hng i y th bit bo trn tng ng cho tng nhm ngt s set ln 1:Nhm u tin Bit bo trn

Ngt truyn thng SM4.0Ngt vo ra SM4.1

Ngt thi gian SM4.2

bit Start 7 hoc 8 bit ca k t Parity Stop


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Cng vi vic chuyn vo ch RUN ca PLC, tt c cc ch ngt trc khai bo trc s tng hu (v hiu ho). N c kch li bng lnh ENI (kchngt ton cc).

Khai bo mt ch ngt phi thc hin hai vic:1. Kch tn hiu bo ngt cho ch ngt tng ng (bng cch khai bo t tonhng EVENT) bng lnh ATCH.2. Sau son tho ni dung ca chng trnh ngt trong khi INT_x.C th gp nhiu tn hiu bo ngt vo cng mt chng trnh (chnh hoc con)

nhng mt tn hiu bo ngt ch c duy nht mt chng trnh x l ngt. Khi hu tnhiu ngt bng lnh DISI th cc ngt vn tip tc nm vo hng i cho n khi chngc kch kli bng lnh ENI.

STL LADM t

Description

Ton hngOperands

Kiu d liuData Types

Attach Interupt

ATCH INT,EVENT

Lnh khai bongt m hiuINT (khingt), Kiu ngtEVENT

INT: 0 127EVENT: xembng lit k cctn hiu bongt tng ngvi tng loiCPU

Byte

Detach Interupt

DTCHEVENT

Lnh hu ngt

cc b tngng vi kiungt EVENT.

EVENT: xem

bng lit k cctn hiu bongt tng ngvi tng loiCPU

Byte

Enable Interupt

ENI

Lnh kch ngtton cc. none none

Disable Interupt

DISILnh hu tt ccc ngt cngmt lc.

none none

Conditional Return from Interupt

CRETI

Lnh thot tcthi khichng trnh

none none

ATCHEN

INTEVENT

DTCHEN

EVENT

ENI

DISI

CRETI


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ngt khi chngtrnh ngt chakt thc.

Return from Interupt

RETI

Lnh kt thcchng trnh xl ngt, cuichng trnh.

none none

Chng trnh xl ngt:Cng nh chng trnh con, mi chng trnh x l ngt c mt nhn ring c

nh du ti im u ca chng trnh. Nhn ny wocj khsi bo bng lnh INT.Tt c cc lnh nm gia nhn cu chng trnh x l ngt v lnh quay v khng

iu kin RETI ca chng trnh x l ngt u thuc v ni dung ca chng trnh x l

ngt. C th kt thc chng trnh x l ngt sm hn bng lnh CRETI, nhng lnhRETI vn l lnh kt thc ca chng trnh x l ngt. Nhng lnh ny khng khng cnkhai bo v chng trnh STEP tng khai bo ging nh lnh MEND (kt thcchng trnh chnh), lnh RET (lnh kt thc chng trnh con).

Chng trnh x l ngt cn phi c vit ti u, cng nhanh cng tt, khng nnthc hin chng trnh x l ngt qu lu.

Khng c s dng cc lnh sau trong CTXLN: DISI, ENI, CALL, HDEF,FOR...NEXT, END.

RETI


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Hnh 59: V d v cch t chc mt chng trnh x l ngt.Ngt tryn thngni tip:

Cng truyn thng ni tip ca PLC c thiu khn bng chng trnh vittrong LAD, STL. Chng trnh iu khin ny gi l u khin cng t do (FreeportControl). Trc khi thc hin qu trnh truyn thng, cc vn sau y cn phi cthc hin:

Kiu bin bn truyn/nhn (giao thc truyn_Protocol).Tc truyn/nhn tn hiu.S bit c truyn cho 1 k t (7 or 8 bit).Ch kim tra li (cho k t nhn) chn l Parity.

Tt c cc vn ny wocj nh ngha trong byte c bit SMB30 sau:

Hnh 60: M t byte nh ngha vic truyn thng ni tip.! Khi truyn thng ch Freeport th PLC khng lm vic vi my lp trnh PG.

Byte SMB2 lm bm ghi nhk t nhn c

Bit SM3.0 dng kim tra li chn l k t nhn c, nu c li chn lc pht hin th SM3.0 set ln 1. S dng thng bo vic truyn thng hon tt.

Cc vn v gi/nhn message c m t nh sau:

gi d liu

Trm B chng trnh x l ngtEVENT 8

SMB2

Bufer Recive

SM3.0

Parit testPort

RS485

Vng mong

mun

Trm A


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Hnh 61: M t cch nhn message ca PLC.

ngon ngu lap trinh plc va ung dung

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