MAI LAN HNG KUUYN THANH LOAN

mu. llir^i

NG PHP TING ANH' ''{?. They d not/ don't, want new shoes.e. The ngh! vn (lntcn;0gativc form)^; V-.. J V.:,.r;TV- i Ai i ng t,c bit, 3l da ng t ra u cu-- --NGPHR TIJBNG ANH' -51\-'.(Lv;Nv-H'iff'-r'"\v"'rr-' J 11A If}"'" 1- -2.-Z1 JL-klI V'-Ex::- You are tired flowgpl-Are Arou^ired;nav^:.g-^--VPeter can drive a car. -> Can Peter drive a car?-- i vi ng t thng, ta im rfo hoc does vo u cu. (Nh- a ng t chnh v nguyn mau). Ex: Her father likes tea. -V Does her father like tea? :; .They do their homework every day. -> Do they do their homeworkevery day? .:-2. Th hin ti ip din (The Present Continuous Tense)a. Cu trc (Form)

thi gian noui, right rtow, at ie moment, at present.Ex: The children are playing football now.What are you doing at the moment?Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.

i: km vi now, at the moment, today, this week, this term, this year,...Ex: I'm quite busy these days. I'm doing a course at college.The company I work for isn't doing so well this year.- Th hin ti tip din cn c dng d din t mt hnh ng p xy ra { tng !ai gn). Cch dng, ny thng din, t mt s sp y.p hoc m';{ k hoch nh. :"A-Ex: He is coming next week.My parents are planting trees tomorrow;- :LliU : Khng ng thri tin tu tip diin vi C3y ng ch nhn thc, tri gic nh: to be, see, hear, understand, know,'ike, we/if, tnc, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem; remember, forget, Vi cc CT.g t ny, ta dng th Simple Present. Ex: I am tired now. .She wants to go for a walk at the moment./ Do you understenq oi.T lesson? - Yes, I- understand it now. 3. Th hien ti hon tha.ih (Tbi Present Perfect Tense)a. Cu trc (Form) '.I. We. Tey, Yon + have '.'-'l-m She/ m - f 1ms + past participle (v3);(Tphu ni: s!+ havcn Hasnt + V3; The nghi vn: Have/Has + s + V3?)6NGPHPTNGANH . b. Cch dng (Usage) Th hin ti hon thnh din t mt hnh rig Hc s vic va mi xy ra.Ex: I have just seen mv sister in the park.She has finished her homework recently. Th hin ti hon thnh din t mt hnh ng, dc p p linhiu ln qukh v cn c th c lp li hin ti hoc tiing b.Ex: Daisy, has read that, novel several times.I have seen "Titanic" three times. Th hin ti hon thnh din tmt' Linh dng bt u qu kh,, kpdinhin ti v c kh nng tip tuc tng !ai.?Ex: Mary has lived in thvhouse r ten years.'They have studied English since 1990. Th hin ti hn thnh die, t hnh ng hoc s vic x r trong qu kh khi ngi ni khng bit r hoc khng mun cp n thi gian chrih xc.Ex: I hayfc gone to Hanoi.Ke has d^iie his housework. Th hin IV. hon thnh'din t hnh ng Hoc s vic: xy ra trong qu kh nhng kt qu vn cn trong hin ti:Ex: He has broken his lg, so he can't play tennis.:.You've broken this watch. (It isn't working now!)c. Cc ph t thtfdng i km vi th hin ti hon thnh;+ just, recently, lately: gndy,vami+ever: 0 ng+ never: cha bao gi+already; ri+ yet: cha+since: t kh (thi im)-* or: trong (khong thi gian)-K.,+ so far = until now = up to now = up to the presenvhjrib/ gi LU : Cc ph t ny ch c dng km vi th hin tai hon trnt trorig cc cu n. i vi cu c t hai mnh tr ln hoc .trong rnot'doan vn thi ng t phi uc chia'theo ng cnh ch khng ph thuc vo cc ph t (xem thm phn Sequence of Tenses).Ex; He has just seen her. But: He said that he had just seen her.I have already done my exercises. Bt: When I came, they had already shown the film.4. Th hih ti hon thnh tip dien (The Present Perfect Continuous Tense)a. Cu trc (Form)I, We, You, They + have ,He, She, It+hs+been + V-ingb. Cch dng (Usage) Th hiri ti Han thnh tip din diri t mt hnh ng hoc s vic bl u trng qu kh v ko di lin tc n hin ti Cch dng ny thng i km vi since + mc thi gian, for + khong thi gian. . .NGPHAP T1KNG ANH7

Ex: I have been studying French for five years.They have been living in this city since 1995.How long have you been waitinr for her? Th hin ti hon thnh tip. din: dn t mt hnh ng va mi kt thc v c kt qu hin.ti. :Ex: Youre out of breath. Have you been running?Lu : Khng dng thi ny vcc dng t ch nhn thc, tri gic (xem cc ng t d nu trong thi hin ti t&p:dn) Vi cc ng t ny ta dng:present Perfect.5. Th qu kh n (The Simple Past Tense)a. Cu trc (Form)I, We, You, They ;. : He, She, l+ V2/V-ed Nu ng t c qui tc: V-ed ng t bt qui tc: ct 2 (V2)b. Cch dng (Usage) Th qu kh n n t hrih ng xy ra trong qu kh, chm dt ri v bit r thi gian. :Ex: Torn went to Paris-last summer.Mv mother left this city'two years ago.He died in 1980.Th qu kh n din t hnh ng xy ra sut mt khong thi gian trong qukh, nhng nay hon ton chm dt-Ex: Mozart wrote more than:600 pieces of music.She worked as a secretary for five years before her marriage.c. Cc ph t km: last week/ month/year/.., (iun (rc/ thng trc/.. )..., ago (cch dy), yesterday (hn qua).d. Th phu nh (Negative form) i vi dng t dc bu ta thm not sau n.Ex: He wasnt absent from; class yesterday.I couldn't open the dor- last night. i vi dng t thng, la t tr ng t didnt trc n t cinh.Ex: He. didn't watch TV last night. ' ;She didn't gp to the 'cmema with.-him Iasi, Sunday.e. Th nghi vn (Interrogative form) iv: Di vi ng t c bit, ta ua r., t d ra du cu.Ex: Were they in hospital )"t month?Could she answer your questions then? i vi: ng t thdr..?:, t t ng t Did du cu.--.:Ex: ?jd you se iy sn, Tom?Lu : Khi ii santj ph c'r.h v nghi vn, nh da ng t chinh v nguyn mu.

6. Th qu kh tip din (The Past Continuous Tense)Qa. Cu trc (Form)I, He, She, It+ was+ v inWe, You, They+ wereb. Cch dng (Usage)Th qu kh tip din din t: Hnh ng xy ra v ko di mt thi gian ' qu khiEx: Yesterday, Mr More was working in the iaboratoify all the afternoon. What were you doing from 3 am t 6 P. I yastordav? Hnh ng ang xy ra vo mt thi im qu kh.Ex: I was doing my homework ai 6 p.ra last Sunday.They were practising English at that time.What were you doing a. 213 time yesterday? Hnh ng ang xy r (' qu kh.1 th c mt hnh ng khc xen vo (hnh ng no ko di hon dng Past Continuous.; hnh rig no ngn hn dng Simple Past). .-':v ;:Ex; .WhfeQ - I -came yesterday, he was sleeping.What wa5= she doing when YQii-saw tier? S IS^ were Grossing-tfae streetthe policeman shouted at. us.V - Hai hnh ng xy ra song song cng mt lc qu kh.p.x:Yesterday. was cooking while my sister waswashingthe disis-Lut; :Khng dng thi qu kh tip tin vi cc ng tuch lihnthc, tri gic.Thay vo , ta dng thi Simple Past.Ex: When the students heard the bell, they left.He felt tired at that time.7. Til qu kh hn thnh/ Tin qu kh (The Past Perfect Tense)a. Cu true (Form)Subject + had + past participle (V3)(Th phu inh: s + hadnt + V3; The ngtii vn:Had + s+ V3...?)b. Cch diig (Usage)Th qu kh hon thnh din t mi hnh ng qu kh xy ra trc mt thi gian qu kh hoc trc mt hnh ng qu kh khc. (Nu trong cu c hai hnh ng qu kh, hnh ng no xy ra trc ta dng Pasi Perecl, hnh ng no sau ta dng Simple Past).Ex: We had lived in Hue before 1975.When I got UP this morning, my father had already left.After the children had finished their homework! they went to bod.-it was-the, most- difficult .Question, that. 1 had ever known, Vj:

8. Th qu kh hn thnh tip din (The Past Perfect Continuous Tense)a. Cu trc (Form) 'Subject + had + been + V-ingb. Cch dng (Usage)Th qu kh hon thnh tip^din din t mt hnh dnj' qu kt da'xay ra v ko i lin tc cho n khi hnh ng qu kh th hi xy ra (hni ng th hai dng Simple Past); Thng thng khong thdi gian ko di-c nu r trong cu.Ex: The men had been playing cards for 3 hours before came.They had been iiving in London for 10 years when I met them.9. Th tng Jai to (the Simple Future Tense}a. Cu trc (Form)"- ^(bare-inf.)You, He, She, I, They + will , I, We+will/shall , (Th ph djnh: s + will/ shall + not + V((,are_inf ) Th nghi vn: Will/ Shall +s bare-inf.: bare-infinitive (ng tnguyn mu khng to) will not = won'tshallnot=shant.;b. Cch dng (ag) Th tng lai^ n thng din t mt hnh ng s xy ra tng lai. ;Ex: He will come back next week.We will/ shall need the money on the 15th..Th trig lai n c dng din t kin, da ra mt li ha hoc mt quyt nh tc th.;.::::,Ex: I think Lirpoo! will win.Ill; phone you tonight.. "You can have it for $50." "OK, I II buy it,"c. Cc ph t i kem:.. y, I- /. .--Vtf-rnonovv: ngy mai * soon: chng bao lu na+ someday: mt ngy no d/.+ next week' month/:..: fnthng/... ti10. Tng lai gn (Near Future) : a. Cii trc (Form). I+a:n

T He, She./i .is+ p *" ^(bare-inf.)(d inh s)

We, Yon, I neyarcv." .'j'

r^i-+am" ;

He, She, It>is+ v-ing(sp sa)

Wc; You, They '+are

NG PHP HNG ANH

b. Cch dng (Usage)B going o v th hin ti tip din (present continuous) c dng din L mt hnh ng sp sa xi ra hoc mt d nh sp ti (thng thng trong cu khng c cm t thi1 gian)Ex: My father is retiring.Whereareyou going to spend your' holidays?11. Thi tng li tip din (The Future Coniim;oi>s Tense)a. Cu trc (Form)Subject + will/' shall H- be. + N7-ing ;b. Cch dng (Usage) Th tng lai tip din dn t mt hnh ng s din ra v ko di sut mt khong Ihi gian tng lai.Ex: Andrew can't go to the party. He'll be working all day tomorrow. Th tng !ai tip din (iin t mt hnh ng s ang xy ra vo mt thi dim tng lai.Ex.: Me Will be doing research at this time tomorrow.Whan you come today, I'll be working at my desk.Sue will be living in this house in May (next year).1?.. Ti tng lai hon thaiilKfnte Future Perfect Tense)a. Cu trc (Form)Subject + will/ shall + have + v3 Jb. each dng (Usage)'-' Thi tng iai hn thnh diln t mot hnh ng s hon t trc mt thi dim tng li. Cch ng ny ting c ng vi cc cm t ch thi gian ht cu bng ^ by + mc thi gian, btye time] by ihen^y thit time,...Ex: Ill have finished mv work fay noon.sThev'll have built that house bv July next year. Th tng lai hon thnh din t mt hnh ng s hon tt trc ml hnh dng khc trong tng lai.Ex: When you come back, ru have written this letter..13. Th tng lai hon thnh tip dien (The Future Perfect Continuous Tense}a. Cu trc (Form)Subject + will/shall + have been + V-ingb. Cch dung (Usage)Th tng lai hon thnh tip din Hin t mt hnh ng bt u t qu kh v ko di lin tc n mt thi im'ii trong tng laiEx: By November, well have freen jiving in this house; for 10 years.By March 15th. I'll Have been working for this company for 6 years.NG 1'HPTINC ANH 11

#Ging nh th tng .lai hon thnh, thi tng lai hon thnh tip din thng i; c ng vi cc .cm t trng ng ch thi gian bt u bng by. GHI NH: ^ U iHfc k'H. Khng rig cc ttii tip din (Continuous Tenses) vi cc ng t ch nhn (hc, tri gic (see, be, hear-)./.'2. Khng dng cc th tng lai (Future Tenses) trong cc mnh trng ng ch thi gian; thi Simp Future c ttay .brig Simple Present, thi Fjjture Perfect (hoc. ' Future Perfect Continuous);c thy bng th Present Perfect (Hoc Present Perfect Continuous).I) Supply the correct verb form: The Simple Present Tense or The Present Continuous Tense. '] . Be quiet! The baby (sleep). .2. We seldom (eat) before 6:30.3. Look! A man (run) after the brain. He (want) to catch it.4: The sun (set) in the West5. It (be) often hot in summer.0. I (do) an exercise on the present tenses at,this moment and I (think) that I (know) how to use. if. now.7. My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at iis: market-';V8. II (be) very cold now.'.l>'i'9. It (rain) much in summer. II (rain) now.10. Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) in the morning.II) Supply the correct verb form: The Present Perfect or The Present Perfect Continues?.. I low long you (study) English? For 5 years.2. I (wait) for t\vo hours, but she (not come) yet, ..3. They (live) in Ho Chi Minh City since 1975.4. She (read) all the books written by Dickens. How many books you (read)?5. He (not, be) here since Christmas, I wonder where he (live)-.since.then.6. Jack {go) to Paris for a holiday. He never (be) there,7. You (sleep.) so far?.I (ring) the bell for Ihe last I'-venty iiiinul.es. ,8- He (write) a novel for two years, but he (not fnisi:) it ytif.9. Mary (lose) her hat and she (look) for if until now.''10.1 (see) that film several times becaus I.tike it.HI) Supply the correct verb form. Prescut Tenses.. ;;-:,1. Listen! (think) someone ykn-yat the'door';f''-i..2. Up to the presept, ;\ve/write) alrnst eyeiy iesson in Ihe. book.... . . . :y.; r ,3. The earth (circlev the. S'tn onceevery'365 daySw,--t-'4. The farmers (work-in tlie field at the moment._,\"2:5. How many tinjyoujsee) Him-since .he went Edinburgh^.,' ,\~y 12. NG PHAP TIENG AW

NGC P1IAP TIKNG ANH

NG PHP TIKNG ANH6. Rivers usually (flow) to the sea.7. 'Look! The boy (cry).0s8.Do you know that man, who (smoke)there?v9.Mrs Green always (go) to work by bus.10. We (be) from France. We (be) there for 20 years.11 . That house {belong) to Mr. Green.|xf. 12. Mai (lose) her dictionary. : 13.1 (be) sorry. I (forget) that girls name already.0-.14.1 (wait) for the manager for two hours;;;;15. You (ever, see) a lion?IV) Supply the correct verb form: Simple Past or Present Perfect.1. I (see) her before.,';2. I (see) her last year.^3.Tom (never be) in Hanoi. ;|.; 4.I (read) the novel written by Jack London several timesbefore!'5.What you-(do) yesterday?|i:;|6. You (watch) TV last nighi?"p 7. She (be) bem ir 198C.',.8.He {'vntej a book since last year.; 9.Mr GreeK (teach) English in this school since he (graduate)from the university in 1986.pf:10. Biw ior.g you (learn) English?V) Supply the correct verb form: Simple Past or PastContinuous^I1Ulen I (arrive) at this house, he still (sleep).tfkf .2. The light (go) out while we (have) dinner.*;3. Bill (have) breakfast when I (stop) at this house this morning, s 4. ,As we (cross) the street; we (see).an accident'5. Tom (see), a Serious accident while he (stand) at the bus stop.I! ,6. While my father (read) a newspaper, I (Ieam) my lesson and my sister (do) her homework.7. The children (play)'football when their mother (come) back home.; "8.The bell (ring) while Tom (take) a bath.9. I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday.-10. He (sit) in a caf when I (see) him.VI) Give the right forms of the verbs in brackets:SimplePast or Past Perfect.1. They (got home after they (finish) their work.gW'2.She said that she (already, see) Dr. Rice.3. When we came to the stadium, the match (already, begin).%4.They told me they (not, eat) such kind of food before.5. He (ask) why we (come) so early.'.V - 6. After they had gone. I (sit) down and .(rest),..-&'-!watcQ;;TV^she:;do.herhoniework.8. After taking a bath, he (go) to bed. /-'>;-9. What (be) he when he (be) young?-10. It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl.VII) Give the right forms of the verbs in brackets: Past Tenses.1. Yesterday John (go) to the store before he (go) home.2. Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970.3. When John and I got to the theatre, the movie (start) already.4.. Before Alice (go) to sleep, she (call) her family. ' - -5. When the phone (ring), I (have) dinner.6. Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting,7. What you (do) at 6 p.m yesterday?8. The little girl asked what (happen) to her ice-cream.9. : He (teach) in this school before he (feave) for England.10. She (win) the gold medal in 1986.VIII) Give the right forms oftheverbs inbrackets: Simple Future or Simple Present1. WeU go out when the rain'(stop).2. I (stay)'fiere until he (answer) me.3. Waitjuntil.l (catch) you. j4. She (not come) until you {be) ready.5. Miss; Helen (help) you as soon as she (finish) that letter tomorrow. , :6. After-the class (be) over, ask the teacher about that sentence.7. I (come), and (see) you before I leave here.48. We jfgo)' home as soon as we have finished our work.9. I {wait) here until you (come) back tomorrow.10.1 (send); you some postcards as soon as 1 (arrive) in London.IX) Give the right forms of the verbs in brackets: Simple Present, Simple Future, Present Perfect or Future Perfect.4;;1. Ill wait-until he (finish) his novel. ,.. . 1 { . '2. UTien you (come) back, he already (buy) a new house.;,3. Dont come until I (finish) lunch..V:4. I (hope) it (stop) raining by 5 oclock this afternoon,....5. The river (not begin) to swell until fonie raic iiail).6. By next month I (leave) for India. .7. The film (end) by the time *ve (get) there, i. They (build) a house bv Jiint-. next year.): We (start) ourplar next we^k."

2. Our English teacher (explain) that lesson to us tomorrow.3. We (wait) for you when you (get) back tomorrow.4. What you (do) at 7 p.m next Sunday?I (practise) my English lesson then.5. When I (see) Mr Pike tomorrow, I (remind) him of that.6. When you (come) today, I (work) at my desk in Room 12. 17. He (work) on the report at this time tomorrow.8. Please wait, here until the manager (return).9. Dont leave until you (see) her.10. The Browns (do) their housework when you (come) next Sunday.XI) Give the right forms of the verbs ic brackets: Future Tenses.1. I'm sure they (complete) th new road by June.,2. He (wait) for you when you (get) back tomorrow.3. At this same time tomorrow, we (drive) through. Pennsylvania.4. We (see) you ne?t Monday.5. In two yearj ti-om now, the contract (come) to an end:6. Who (iook) after the children when you are away?7. By Novsinbe: I (work) for this company for 6 years/S. If you tr.!l her at 6. she (practise) the piano then.9. By March 15,1 {be) here for. one year.10 We (move) to our new house at Christmas this year.11 - By the end of December, John (work) as a reporter for ten years.12. By the time you arrive, I (firush) writing an esisay.13.1 (give) him your message when I (see) him.14. He certainly (not do) all his homework by ten tooighL15. Don't call him at 2:30 p.m. He (interview) job applicants at that time.16. The leacher hopes we (pass) our exams.17. By this time next week, he (write) his novel for 6 months.18. They (arrive) on Wednesday.19.1 hope the weather (be) fine tonight.20. You (finish) your work by 9 tonight?XII) Supply the correct verb forms.1. I (see) a car accident while I (wait) for you on this corner yesterday.2. Mr Jone (be) principal of our school since last year.3. Mr Smith (teach) at this school since he (graduate) in 1980..4. My father (not watch) TV every night.5. I (meet) Arthur three weeks ago.6. Yesterday the police (report) that they (capture) Ihe thief.7. My friend (thank) me for what I had done for him.8. Someone (steal) my handbag on the bus.

ngO phai* tienc anh#

ngO phai* tienc anh#9 The Browns (live) in Paris for 7 years when the second World War (break) out.10. Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days. : ,11 Don't call me in the afternoon. I usually (be) awavinthe afternoon.12. Mr Clark (be) in New York 2 months ago. Mr Rossi (be) in New York until 2 months ago.13. John (drive) that car ever since I (know) him.14. People (speak) English in most of Canada.15. The dog (wag) his tail whenever he (see), me.I . I'V'hat you (do) when J (rinjl) you last night?/...'.'v: v "17. Up to in I never (see) such a fat man.18.1 (not see) him since last Monday.19. They had sold all the books when we (get) there.20.1 think he (leave) as soon as he (know) the news.21. She (play) the; piano when our guests (arrive) last night..V.. .22. He (come) and (see) you soon.,23.1 (come) as soon as I have finished my work. You (be) ready? .24. My mother (come) lo stay with.us next weekend.25-Where you (spend) your holidays next summer? '.V26 Violets (bloom) in spring.27. We (not live) in England for two years now.28.1 (never forget) what you (just tell) me.29. They (prepare) the Christmas dinner at the moment.30. When I last (stay) ill Cairo, I (ride) to the' Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow) the day before.\31. Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970.32. George (work) at the university so far. :. .>(5.frx\.33-When he lived in Manchester, he (work) in a bank \34. Birds (build) their nests in summer and (fly) 0 the South.. J1;winter..35.1 (lose) my key. (can) you Help me look for it?i- Se.My father (nt smoke) for5 yearsi37. My Lecher wasnt at home when I (arrive). He (just go) out.38. How long Bob and Mary.(b) iarried?39. You (receive) any letter from your parents vet? ::;,,...40. My brother (join) the army when he (be) or:g. ^V'j/ 2--41. You (remember) ray name'or you"{for't)" jt someday?,i42. Tom (study) chemistry lw three years .nitj tnen he gave it up;43. Miss Lee often twnte) when she was on holiday';44. He {leave) homevtwo weeks ago and vve (not hear- from h;m since then.45. You (speak) to Mrs Dakei ye.;teiday?No, (not see) fer tor V long time.I (not can) remember when I last (see)'her. "46. When the teacher came in/,the pupils (play)-games.''y-16 NG PHAP TING ANH47. Columbus (discover) America more than 400 years ago.48. By next month, I (finish) my first novel.49. By May 5, we (live) in this city for ten years.50. When your father (die)?I (not know) when he (die).5 3. Bill said he {forget) to buy a dictionary.52. He felt asleep white he (do) his homework.53. We (not see) them for a long time.54.It (rain) when we arrived.55. Kite and I (wait) right here until you get back.56. Hell leave as soon as he (hear) the news.57. Dick (start) school before he (be) seven.58. Haw long you (study) in this school?59. We (not receive) any letter from hkn since he (leave) four months ago.60. Where are you? Im upstairs. I 'navo) a bath.61.1 (speak) to you aboGt ihat mattei after the meeting tonight.62. At this time next week, we Hive) in USA.63. Hurry i:p! The train (come).:64. Be quiet! The teacher (be) angry. .65. Why didn't yoc, listen While I (speakl lo you?66. Some anii^ais (not eat) during winter.,.67.1 'finish) the book before my next birthday.68. John (watch) TV at 8 last evening. ;69. Mr Pike (live) here since last October.'70. Someone (cut) down alE the trees in the garden.71. The house (build) two years ago.72. Listen! The bird (sing).73. Trees (plant) since it (stop) raining.74. Tom Baker (not come) here tomorrow.75. By the end of last March, I (study) English for 5 years,76. He often (say) O.K when he (talk) with the guests."77. What you (do) after you (go) home yesterday?78. How long you (wait) for me?. Just a few minutes.79. He (do) his homework before he went to the cinema.80. By noon, I (wait) for her for two hours.81. By the time you come there,.she (make) a big cake..82. Yesterday thieves {break) into the house and (steal) a lot of fur coats while the guests (dance). 83 When I came in, they, all .(sit) round the fire. Mr Pike (do) a crossword puzzle,'MrsPike (knit), and the olhers (read).84.Mr Jacteon (paint) his house $ince month.S5.She :ask) me to .eli about hini'r.ever2i lin-.es. vNC CT PH A P TTIJMG AMI = -17

86. The audience (listen) to everything he said last night.87. At 4 p.m yesterday? Well, ! (work) in my office at that time.;88.A: I (play) ootbal since I was 5 years old.B: You (play) since you (come) to England?A: Oh, yes. I (play) quite a lot I (join) a club tlie day after I (arrive).89. I'm preparing to support anything he (say) tomorrow.90. Sometimes I (get) up before the sun {rise).91. He said he (be) mistaken.. . .....92. Doat speak until someone (ask) you.93. Mary (come) from London' ...94. Please be quiet! I (work).95. When I (be) a child, (want) to be a doctor.96. David (be) bom after his father (die).97. Lony ago. my younger brother often (cry).98.1 (not send) the parcel until I hear from you.99. The last train (leave) the station at 5 p.m.100. Up to now, the teacher (give) our class five tests.SEQUENCE OF TENSES(S PH HP CC TH)Trong cu c ha mnh d tr ln, cc ng t phi c s phi hp v th.L S ph hp ca cc ng t trong mnh chnh (main clause] v mnli; d ph (subordinate clause): .MAIN CLAUSE SUBORDINATE CLAUSE

Simple Present i.;Simple Present ... "1 . Present Perfect , T Present Ter^es Present Continuous J.Simple Future/ Near Future . Simple Past (heit cc thi gian xc nh qu kh)

Simple; PastSimple Past 1 '-Past Perfect ' r Past Tenses , Past CoiitiriuoiiS J ' ' '1* VT (bare-inf.) was/ were going to + V (bare-inf.)Simple Present (nu din t mt chn l)

Present PerfectSimple Present /

Past PerfectSimple Past i':!

Ex: People have said that London has fog.She says she, has finished her homework already:She said she would visit me again.Tom says he will visit me again.They had done that was necessary.He savs he was bom in 198.My teacher said that the sun rises in the East.Mary said that she was cooking then.II. S phot hp ca cc dng t trong mnh ch:Vfl v mnh trng ng ch thi gian (adverbial clause of time).*'MAIN CLAUSEADVERBIAL CLAUSE of TIMK

Present Tensesprsent Tenses

Past TensesFast Tenses

Future TeraesPresent Tenses

Present Tenses: Tt c cc th hin ti tuy theo ng cnh ca cu. Fast Tenses: Tt c cc th qu kh ty ng cnh ca cu. Future Tenses: Tt c cc th tng li ty ng cnh ca cu.Ex: He never goes home before he has finished his work.I often read a newspaper while I am waiting for the bus.We will go as SOI as you have finished your, work.It was raining hard when I got there..The train had already left when I arrived at the station.Please wait here until I come back.* Mnh trng ng ch thi gin thng c bt u vi cc lin t ch thi gian: when/ as: khi-until/ till: cho n khi just as: ngay khi-whenever: bt c khi no while: trong khi-no sooner... than: ngay khi; - before: Irc khi-hardly... when: kh... khi after: sau khi-as long as: chng no, cho n khi as soon as: ngay sau khi - since: khiLU : Khng dc dng thi tng lai (Future Tenses) trong cc mnh trng ng ch thi gian (c th thay bng th hin ti). Trong trng hp dng t ni since lu :s + V (present perfect/present perfect cont.) + since + s + V (simple past)Ex: She has played the piano since she was ton years old.He has been studying English since ho came here.EXERCISESI) Supply the correct verb forms.1. He thinks that it {rain) tonight2. She said that she (get) married soon.3. Bill said that he (lose) his bicycle4. He knew that I (come) the following week.5. She understood that we (promise) to go,6. 1 was taught that the sun (be) bigger than the moon.7. The boy knew that n hour (have) sixty minutes.8. I didnt know what time it (be), so I (turn) on the radio.9. I wondered whether I (lock) the door or not.10. She says that she (live) in the country when she (be) a child.11. They hoped that they (end) soon.12. The teacher said that the shortest distance between two points (be) a straight line.13. The student who answered the question (be) John.14 This is the house that Jack (build) three years ago.15. Mary (have) dinner when her friend called.16. John (live) in the same house since he left school.17. Shut all the windows before you (go) out.18. You may begin when you (be) ready' :19. He is saving his money so that he (take) a long vacation.20. I see that Henry {write) his composition now.21. i had done that (be) necessary.22. They have faund that the road (be) very lon23. I saw that I (make) a mistake.;24. The teacher asked Bill why he (not go) to school !he day before.25. We find that we (take) wftmg way.26. I want to know how long she (live) here.27. I didnt know who (help) him.28. Do you hear what she (just, say)?29. Did you hear what she Gust, say)?30. They believed that the police (capture) the thief iXiOn.31. Did John say he (call) you again?32. She has thought that the work (be) easy.33. I wonder what changes the new President {introduce).34. The students had thought that '.he English, test (be) father difficult.35. Mrs Smith complains hat her r.fighbour (make) too much noise.36. 1 think John (be) out of town now.37. Torn promised he (rot do) it again..

# NG PHP TING ANH

# ng phi ting anh

NG PHP ting anh#,38: My father said he (be) here by noon.39. ' Miss White swears that she (never see) that man before.-40-She has told me her name (be) Mary. II) Choose the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses.| I see that Tom (writes/ is writing) his composition.1 2. He says that he (looks/ will look) for a job next week.3. They think he (was/would be)-here last night.' 4. He tells us that he {was/ has beenJ to the mountains before.S.- I hope that he (will be/ would be) able to attend. '" 6. He wants to do it before his father (will come/ comes).7v People have said that the sun (rise) in the East.8. He says he (does/ will do) it some tiroe.9. He asked the guard what time the tram .usually (starts/ started).10. He told me the morning that he (is going' was going) with us the following day.11. He says that he (finished7 will finish) the project by May.12.1 realized that they (are/ were) older than they looked. -.' 13. I hear that Kate: (accepted/ has accepted) a new position. *14. They toJd me they (have never seen/ had never seen) her before. 15: We know that you (move/ wili move) to France next year.- 16.1.'. Britain; the weather is very varied. People (never know/' have never known) what ' ii. (is/ wiii be) like the next day.17. He (is/ had been) ill for a long time before he died.!!j. She didn't tell me Jhe reason why she (didnt come' hadnt come) to school the day before.19.1 had no map, that's why I (got/ get) lost.20.1 hope it (does not rain/ will not rain) when we start early tomorrow.Ill)Supply the correct verb forms./1. After (ieave)m school when she was 18, Laura {go) to Bristol university for three years. While she (be)l3) at university, Laura (join)1'11 a university folk group and started singing. It was at this time that she (write) her famous song "The Price of Peace1.2. One of the first novels in history of literature (be)lil written in England in 1719.' It (be)1-1 Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Dofoe. Ht: (bear) in London in a rich family. When Daniel (be)111 a schooiboy, he (begin)15 to write stories. After (leave) off at a station that he had never heard of. He {not know.)1*' what to do. He (explain)1'5' his-difficulty to a man who (stand)171 on the platform. With a look of amusement on his face the man (tell) Tom that he (travel)' on a train going in the wrong direction.20. Maria is Spanish. She (live)*1 in Madrid where she (work)121 for an export company. She (be)'3' with this Company for 2 years now. At the moment she (siudy)',: English on a one-month intensive course in London. She (arrive)'51 in London last Saturday. This is not Marias first time in Britain. She (be)(6) there twice before.21. Albert Malta was a progressive American writer. He (be)U) bom in 1908. He (write)Cl his first play "Peace on Earth in 1943. It was against wars, so the American police (arrest)131 him and (put)141 him in prison in 1950.22. Ha (comeP back a moment ago and {turn)'-2' the television on very loudly. My son (sleep)12 then, so 1 (tell)M) her to turn it off.23. Mary and John are neighbours. They (know)1" each other for several years. Mary (move)'2'.into her house in 1985 and John (live)131 next door/since he (come)141 to the area in 1980.-.NG-PHAP TING ANH2324. While I (walk) to ciass yesterday inoming, I (see)'J Tom. We {sav)':3i hello and . -.(walk)^ the rest of the wav to school together.,25. Yesterday afternoon I (go)!il to visit the Greens. When I (get)121 there about 2 oclock, Mrs Green (be)l3: in the yard. She (plant)'41 flowers in her. garden. Mr Green (fae)13 in the garage. He (work) on their car. The children (play)Ci in the front yard;26. When I (hear)*1 a knock.at the door, last nigtit, I (walk) to the door and (open}(3) it. When I (open)HI the door* I.(see)i5 my brother. I (greel)(B:: him and (ask)'7' him to27. John hasnt got a job. He (be)u! unemployed for six months. He (work)12' for a textile firm which (have)'3' to close because it (not have)'" enough orders.28. One .day Johns father (buy)(!) a computer for him. He thought it was a good replacement for Johns typewriter, which (break down)'2- John could use the computer to write essays. He (not expect) that John would spend all his time playing computer games on it, which (be)MI what he did it. John neglcted his studies and he actually failed his tests.When that happened, John (realize)151 that he (make)lEx: I try to study to pass rov r>ex; exam.We. worked very hard m order to complete the project in tim.He does morning exercises .regularjy so as to improve his health.2. din t mc ch ph nh ta.dn mt cm t bt du bng so as not o hoc in order not to.Ex: She got 'JD early so as not to miss-this bug H? studies hard so as not to fail in the exam.L Mnh ti ing ng ch mc ch (Adverbial clauses of purpose)Mnh ch mc- ch tling c bt u bngo /A/, m order that.iV\.r.Qy'y.Miih ch mc ch c cu.trc sain :'::s + v + so thatwin/wouldmnhchnhinorderthat^can/could(bareinf.)(main clause)may/mightmnh trng ng ch mc ch (adverbial clause of purpose)Ex: I try all my best to study English in order that I can find a botter job. He hurried so that, he wouldn't miss the train.Lu :Nu ch ng ca mnh chnh v mnh de ch mc ch khc nhau takhng c dung cum t ch m&dch (phrase of purpose).III. Cc dng bi tp.1. Dng bi p 1: N 2 cu c cng ch ng. thnh ] cu c cm t ch mc (lch hoc mnh ch. mc ch.Ex: 'Mry gets up earl ever}' morning. She wants to learn her lessons. Mary gets up early vry morning to learn her lessons.> Mary gets up early every morning so that she can learn her lessons. We learn English. We want to have better communication with other people. ~> We learn English to have better communication with other people. -> We earn English':s that w will havo better communication with other people.

# NG PHP TING ANH

NG PHP TINC ANII #He was in a hurry. He wanted to catch the bus.-> He was in. a hurry to catch the bus.- V-> He was in a hurry in order that he would catch the bus.2. Dng bi tp 2: Ni 2 cu c cng ch ng nhimg sau want c tn ng hoc tc t (object)Ex: He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him.> He gave me his address so that 1 would visit him.They whispered. They didn't want anyone to hear- their conversation.- > They whispered in order that no one could hear their conversation. * Nu mun dng cm t ch mc ch (phrase of purpose) dng.ny, ta phi theo cng thc: in order for + 0 + o-infnitive Fjx: He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.They whispered in order for no one to hear their conversation.3. Dng bi tp 3: i t cm t sang mnh hoc ngc li.Ex: We hurried to school so as not to be late.-> We hurried to school so that we wouldnt be late.Mary locked the door so that she wouldn't be disturbed.Mary locked the door so as not to be disturbed. ...-H studies1 hard in order to pass his exam . .: !->He studies hard so that he can pass his exam4. Dng bi tp 4: Hon tat cu vi cm t hoc mnh ch mc ch Ex: She studies English so that...'He stood up in order.LU : - Khi ng t trong mnh chinh th hin ti (present), ta dng will/ can mnh ch mc ch.- Khi ng t trong mrih d chnh thi qu kh (past), ta dng would/ C! mnh ch mc ch.'. : ;EXERCISES) Use a phrase or clause of purpose to combine each pair of seni o.neef below.1. The hoy stood on the benches. They wanted to get a better view.2. We lower the volume of the radio. We don't want to bother cur neighbours.3. Ill write to you. want you to know my decision soon,4. These men were talking in whispers. They didn't'van! ;jivorie to hear their conversation.5. The boy ieigned ta be sicl She stayed at home because of being sick.EXERCISES ...I) Supply either BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF as appropriate.1. It was difficult to deliver the letter the sender had writtenthe wrong address on the envelope.2. We decided to .leave early _____ the party was boring: 3. Rescue attemps were temporarily, halted-Ihebad weather:4. Paul may not go to the football game . his grades.5. They visited their friends often they enjoyed their company.II) Combine each pair of sentences, using BECAUSE, SINCE, AS1. She saw the wanted man in a small coffee shop. She phoned ihe police,2. The leacher is sick. Well have no class tomorrow.3. She walked slowly. Her leg was Injured .'L4. Mary looks happy.: She has just got good marks.5. He came lo the office 10 minutes late. Hemissed the first bi:s.6. She coughed and sneezed, the doctor saidshe had L stay out ofcrowd7. u ol dark. I couldnt read the letter. 8. 1 didn't come in time. There was a traffic jam.9. He stayed at home yesterday. His mother was sick.] 0. We didnt want to go .out. It rained heavily.III) Make questions with WHY;1. i left school because of my hard life at that time.,.2. The train was. iate becus the fog was thick.,'i. They'll leave early because.the dislar.ee is ver\i iong. .-4. Slie likes him because he is kin;i.The pupil understood that-mathematical probfem vejj? well because- he explained it dearly.IV) Rewrite these sentences, using' BECAUSE.1. It's raining, so we .sray at home.2. Most people hear Q^gin is a good exercise, so they begin 10 jog.3. The climate in (he country is healthy, so people like to live there. .

NG I*!IP TIKNG Aril! #

#NG PHP TfRNG ANH

#NG PHP TfRNG ANH4. A computer can be used for various purposes, so it becomes very popular nowadays5. Tomorrow is a public holiday, so all the shops will be sbkuLV) Change clauses of reason to phrases.]. Man' didnt go to school yesterday because she was sick.2. She went to bed early because she felt tired.3. Ann didnt go to the circus with Betty because she had bad cold.4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodkaiiy,5. Margaret stayed home because her mother was sick.6. I like him because his father is kind to me.7. cant eat these fruits because Lhey are green:8. I couldn't do the test because it was difficult,-9. I couldn't read the letter because it was dark.10. He came laic because it rained heavily.'11.1 cant study because it is noisy.12. The train came late tvcaise it was ioggy.. 13. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good.14. The ln>in was late because the fog was thick.15. We stopped Oir cap because the traffic lights lurried red.] 6. The plane coiiidnl take off because the weather was bad. 17. Rice plan Li grow well because the climate is wani) and damp.-, is He ciiuidn'l drive fast because [he sfreel was crowded and narrow.19. i can't; sleep because the weather is hot.20- left school because his life was hard.F PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF CONCESSION; (CM T V MNI D CH S NlNG B)1. Cm t ch s nhng b (Phrases of concession)Cm t ch s nhng b thng dc bt du big gi l n spite of hoc Despite (mc d. cho d).m spite of + noun/ noun phrase/ gerund phraseKx: . Dcsit bis physical handicap, he has become a successful busimissnian. In spite of having a headache I enjoyed the film.Wo understood him ill spite -of his accent.* Cm t ch s nhng b.c Ih dc (5 Irk hoc sau .mnh d chnh.11. Mnh trng ng ch s nhng b (Adverbial-clauses i Concession]Mnh trng'.ng ch s nhng h i.nnh ph ch Sf Un phn e hi hnh ' dng Ironi cu. Mnh ny tling dc bt dn v'i although, though, men though, no matter, whatever (d, cho il.Nfil? PHP TilCNC; ANU ' 4

1. lie is very rich. He isnt happy: (although)|[..

fealthough/ though/ even though + S + V | Ah hough the weather was very bad, wc had a picnic.' We took many pictures though the sky was cioudy.Rven though I didn't know anybody at the party, I had a nice timo.No matter + who/ what/ when/ where/ why/ how (adj, adv) + S + V Whatever ( + N) + S + VEx: No matter who you are. I still love you.;No matter what she svs. I don't believe her.Whatever others may say, you arc certainly right.EXERCISESI) Combine each pair of sentences below, using th conjunction given in parentheses.2. He is very rich. He isnt happy: (no matter)3. She can't answer my ifuestion. She is very intelligent, (although)4. She cani answer my question. She is very itv.eigenl. (no matter)5. He does anything. He is ahvays careful: (whatever)6. He does anything. He always tries his best. 1 feel as if...2. I had a feeling that was walking in th air:>I felt as though...3. Bit! doesnt work hard. I'd like him to work hard. > f'd rather...4. He did not want to pay his .debts, v - t>:I'd rather...5. Me drives too fast. I want him not to drive toot fasL > Id rather...6. He spent his money like a prince. .,>f ie spent his money as ii...7. You speak like a prophet.> You speak as though...8. We must set out* il is a. tittle late.->Its high time...9. You should review your lessons for .the exams. > Its time.,; 0. He smokes a gi-eat deal. Id like him lo give up smoking. > Id rather...11. She pretended no) to know me.She looked as if she...12. He should call me on Ihe phone. -:Its lime...13. We musl start working now.>ll's high lime...14. She made up like an acfress.>She made upas if...15.She cried like a baby..She cried as (hough...16. They talk like kings.;> They talk as if...17. We shouid solve this problem. ">Ifs lime...18. Mary dresses up like queen. -;0': '>Mary dresses up as if...' 19. I'd prefer rnv wife nol (0 talk toomuch. ' V " : >Id ralher...20.1 want him to come t my housetonight.;->id rather.H-NOUN CLAUSES(MXII 0ANH T)Mnh anh f (noun, clause) l mt mnh de ph c chc, nng ai. nii danh l. Mnh danh l de ni vi mnh d chnh hn T' !AT hoc Lc :\V!IO. VVliAT. . WHICH, W11RRK. WHKN, now, WIIKTtlER.Khi dng cc (niIrn. rg l trbng mnh.de danh-l (lHin clause) chia Ui xc nh, khng chia- llif nghi vn.1. Mnh danh t im ch ng1 trng cu Scct o a sentence}Ex: What he said was not truo.Whether t*ho 'weather] win changti Of not is difficult to tell.What you think is not r:iv problem. '2, Mnh danh t m in ligi trong cu (Object of a sentence].. Exj ill tell you whove she is. .I didn't beivG what he said.

Ha said that hr. had scon mo before.

#NG PIIP TIKNG ANTI

#NG PIIP TIKNG ANTI3. Mnh danh t lm b ng (Complement]Ex: I consider him what a man should be.Money is what she needs.4. Mnh danh t lm tc t cho gii t (Object of ?, irepastion)Ex: all depends on when you come.You ar responsible for what you have done.EXERCISESI) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.-1 . you pass your exam or MO I dependslargely on yourself.2. cant guess she'H rte or nol.3. his wife died is sLi'l a.secret.4. The boy wonders ice floats oil waleiv5. He said he had made mistake.6. I went Just flight does not concern you.7. The teacher asked meI had been absent from class the day before.X. ! wonder I can repair this machine.-9. The boy wondersstars there are in the sky.10.1 don't, know she is living now.. . .n. He wants'to know' his wife talkedto yesterday.12.1 hopehellpass his exam.13. hell return is not sure.!4. He refused to do I'asked him.5. career you choose is an imporlantproblem.16. He wants to know1 moved to thiscity.17. He wants to know1 have lived here.18. The clerk asked me _tie [ wanted to buy19. Im afraid you didn't understand me.20. Do you understandIve said?21.1 asked, the fruil seller Ihe orange is.22.1 didnt understand you did such a sillything.23.1 dont know rang me last night-24. I'm sure hewill come.25. it seemswehave taken thewrong day.26. The police ask meI came back home Iasi lihl.27. She asks the clerk _this hat costs.28. ! wonder _ thistreeis.29.1 ask (he girl she is.30. Im confidenthewill succeed.II) Complete the following sentences, using Noun clauses.ij . ii'iarf ns wl>-2/ dont Snow why...' 3 He told me that...4. She asked rne how...5. Torn said that...6. She asked him where...7. I believe that...8. They have iouh; that...9. People say that....]0. lie knows that...III) Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words given.1. How old are you?">Iwantlo know...2. "What did you do yesterday?"->I wantto know...3. "How did you come here?"->I wantto know...4. "Where are you going to spend your holiday next summer?> ! want to know...5. "What do you want?>twantlo know...6. "Can you help me?">1wantto know whether...I- RELATIVE CLAUSES(MNH QUAN H)Mnh quan h (relative clause) cn c gi l mnh lnh ng (adjective clause) v I1 l mt mnh ph dc dng b. ngha cho danh t ng trc n (tin ng). Mnh quan h c n vi mnh tie chnh bi cc i tuan h (relative pronouns) WHO, WHOM, WHICH, WIIOSE, THAT hoc cc trang quan h (relative adverbs) WHEN, WHERE, WHY.Mnh quan h ng ngay sau danh t m n b ngha.1. Cch dng i quan h v rng t quan h trong irnh CJdti h.!. WHO: Who l i t quan h ch ngi, ng sau danh l ch ngi lm ch ng (subject) hoc tn ng (object) cho ng t ng san n.Ex: The man who is standing overthore IS Mr. Pike.That is the girl who I told you about.2. YVHOM: Whom l i t quan h ch ngi, ng sau danh t ch ngi d lm ln ng (object) cho ng t ng sau n.lix: The woman whom; who you saw yesterday is my aunt.The boy whom/ who V.C are looking for is Tom.

NG l*HP TIN ANH

-18NG PHP TING ANH

-18NG PHP TING ANHWho/ Whom m tn ng c th lc b trong mnh quan h xc nh (defining relative clause).Ex; Tho woman you saw yesterday is my aunt.The boy we are looking for is Tom.3. WHICH: Which l di t quart h ch vt, dng sa danh t ch vt !rn ch ng (subject) hoc tn ng (object) cho ng t ng sau li. 'Ex: This is the book which I like best. The hat which is red is mine.Which lm tn ng c th lc b trong mnh quan xc nh (defining relative clause)..:Bx: This is the book I like, best.The dress I bought yesterday ia very bliauliful.4. THAT: That l i t quan h ch c ngi ln vt. That c th c dng thay cho who, whom, which Irong mnh d quail h xc dnh (defining relative clause).Ex: That is the book that/' which I like bestThat is the bicycle that/ which belongs to Tom. .Mv1 father, is theper son that/ who(m) admire most.The woman tha who lived here before us is a novelist.That un dc dng.sa cc tin t hn hp (gm c ngi ln vt), sau ct i t everything, something, anything, alt, little, much, none v sail dng'so. snh nht (superlatives). ,Ex: i can see a girl and her dog that, are running in the park.She is the nicest'woman that I've ever met.'5. WHOSE: Whose l i t quan h ch s s hti. Whose dng sau anh t ch ngi hoc vt v thay cho tnh L s' hu trc anh t.Whose ln i km vi mt danh l.lixj. The boy who.se bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom.John found a cat whose leg was broken.6. WHEN: When l trng t quan h ch thi gian, dng sau. danh t ch thi gian. When dc dng thay cho on' in which, then. Ex: May. Day is the, day when (on which) people hold .a meeting.. That, was, the time when (at which) he managed the company,7. WHERE: Where trng lCr quan h eh ni chn, ng sau .danh t ch ni chn. Where dc dng thay ch til/iro which, Iher:Ex: Do you know the country where (in which) I was barn? Hanoi is the placewhere I like to conic.8. WHY: Why l trng t quailh ch l do, dl'mg sau he reason.Why dc dng thay cho for which.Ex:Please tel! me thereason why (for which) you arcso sad.He told me the reason why he had been absent from classthe day before..NCPHR TIKNANU '49II. Phn loi mnh quan h.C 2 loi mnh quan h: mnh quan h xc dnh (defining/' restriclive relative clause) v mnh quan h khng xc nh (non-defining/ non-reslriclive rlative clause). 1. Defining relative clauses (mnh d quan h xc nh)y l loi mnh cn thit v tin ng cha xc .dnh, khng c n cu s khng ' ngha.Ex: Th man who keeps the school library is Mr Green.. That is the book tht like best.2. Non-defining relative clauses (mnh d qun h khng xc nh)Dy l loi mnh khng cn thit v tin ng c xc nh, khng c n cu vn. ngha.Mnh quan h khng xc nh dc ngn vi mnh There is a good restaurant to cat seafood.That is the hotel when; we can stay.-That is the hotel to stay.Theres a lot of work which has to bo done,There's a lot of work to be done.Here is a form that you must 1 in.-Here is a form for you to fill in.I don't like him playing in the streets; I wish we had a garden that he could play in.~>I don't like him playing in the streets; I wish we had a garden for him to plav in.>JG l>HP TlENG ANI51EXERCISESI) Fill in the blanks with Relative pronoun or Relative adverbs. Put commas when they'are needed.1. Alexander Flemmingdiscoveredpenicillinreceivedl.heNobelPrize in 1945.2. The book ' need cant be found in the library.;. Here is the beach is the safest for swimmers.4. Do you know Ihe American woman ; name is Margaret Mitchell?5. Jim I have known for ten. years is one of my. closst friends.6. John found a catleg was broken. .7. Dont sit on the chair the leg is broken.8. This tree branches are dry should he cut down.:9. The child smiled at the woman , he didnt know.10. Thai womannameIdon't remember is a dcfctor.1 ]. Children enjoy reading the books have coloured pictures.12.1 met someonesaidhe knew you.13. The noise he made woke everybody up. ] 4. The film is about a spy '. wife betrays him. :15. Those girls serve in the restauranl are the owners daughters. 6-The house walls and roof are made of glass is a green house.] 7. Rod Lee sister I know is a film acLor;.18-Mr Bake will buy the houseis opposite to my house.19. You have to take care of the books :you borrowed from the, library.20. Karl Marx theories have changed the world's history is the German Philosopher.21. Let ine see all the letters you have-written.22.1s there anyone cn help me da this?23. Mr Brown is only 34 is the director of this company J24. The chief of Police, _v. work is very ifriportanLvtakes care of-ths public safely.25. knov; a placerosesgrow in abundance.26. The teacher with we studied last year no longer ieacl'f: in or.r school.27. They showed me the hospital buildings Had beef! destroyed by bombings.28-We saw many soldiers .and tanksweremoving to ine fronL.29. We must find a time we can meet and a place we can'talk.30. The decision was postponed, was exactly what he wanted.H) Use a Relative pronoun to combine ath pair of the sentences below.1. You sent me a present Thank von very much for it2. Romeo: and Juliet.were lovers. Tlieii; parents hated each olher. '3. This is Mrs Jones. Her son won the championship iast year.4. I was sitting in a chair. It suddenly collapsed.5. This is the story of u man. His wile suddenly loses her memory.6. Charlie Chaplin died in 1977. His films amused millions of people in the world.52 NG IMlP TING ANH7. Please post Ihese letters. I wrote them this morning.8. The building is the church. Its tower can be seen from afar.9. Mary and Margaret are twins.. You meet' them yesterday. -10 ni introduce you to the man. His support is necessary for your project.13. The students will surely be successful in Iheir exams. The students study seriously and methodically.12. Mary has won an Oscar. I know her sister.1 ., Is this the style of hair? Your wife wanted to have it.14. Shakespeare was born at Stratford on Avon, a small town in England. He is the worlds greatest dramatist and poet.'15. His girl friend turned out to be an enemy spy. He trusted her absolutely.16. A man brought in a smal! girl. Her hand hid been cut.17. The Smiths were given room in the hot. Their house had been destroyed in the explosion.18. He introduced me to his studenis. Moist ()! them were, from abroad.19. They gave me four very bad lyres. One of them burst before I had driven four miles.20. A man answered the phone. He :aiJ Tom was out.III) Use a Relative pronoun preceded by a preposition to combine each pair of the sentences belou.1. The teacher is Mr Pike. We studied with him last year. .,2. The problem has been discussed in class. We are very interested in it.3. Many isea&s are no longer dangerous. People died of them years ago.4. Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it.5. I ])ke standing at the window. I can see the park frdnti this window,5. We are crossing the meadow. We flew kiles over il in our childhood.7. They are repairing the tubes. Water is brought into our house through the tubes.8. In the middle of the village there is a well. The villagers take water from this we!] to drink.9. The middle-aged man is the director. My father is talking to him.10. This is a race opportunity. You should take advantage of it to get a better job.11. The boy is my cousin. You made , fun of him. :12. This matter is of great importance. You should pay attention to it:13- The woman lives next door to me. You gave place to her on the bus.] 4. This snake is venornless. You are afraid of it. .15. The examination lasted two days. I was successful in this exammation.16. These children are orphans, She is taking care of these children.17. The two young men are not good persons. You are acquainted with them.] 8. This is the result of our work. Im pleased with it19. There is a "No Parking" si^n. I do not. lake notice of it. 20. Mr Brown is the man. Im responsible to him for my work.IV) Use a Relative Adverb to combine each pair of the sentences below.1. This is Uie house. We often stay in this house in the summer.2. That was Ihe time. He managed the enterprise at lhal time.NG PHP TING ANTI :53. . . " ' . . '

3. Ill show you the second-hand bookshop. You can find valuable books in this shop.4. I never forget the park. We met each other for the first time at this park.5. The police want to know the hotel. iMr Bush stayed atthis hotel two weeksago.6. The reasons are basic grammatical ones. Im scolded bythe teacher for thesereasons.7. She doesnt want to speak to the cause. She divorcedher husband for thiscause..8. The road is shaded with trees. I go to school on this road every day.9. I have not decided the day. I'll go to London on that day.10. He doesn't want to sell the house. He was bom in this house.11. The airport is the most modem one. We are going to arrive at this airport.12. He was bom on the day. His father was away on that day.'13. The days were the saddesi ones. I lived far from home on those days.14.1 do not know the reason. She left school for it.15. The bed has no mattress. I sleep .on this bed.16. Our school, has a good laboratory. The students practise chemistry in the laboratory.17. You didnt tell us the reason. We had to cut down our daily expenses for that reason.18. The book is a telephone directory. We can look up telephone numbers in this book.19. Mrs Brown rang Dr Brown. He was going to carry out an urgent operation attfiat moment.20. This is the house. We have lived there for 5 years'.V) Use a Relative pronoun or Relative adverb to combine each pair of sentences below.1. The student is from China. He sits next to me.2. I thanked the woman. This woman had helped me.3. The professor is excellent. Im taking his course.4. Jim passed the exam. This surprised everybody.5. Mr Smith said he was too busy to speak to me.. I had come to see him .6. The manis my father. I respect this man most.7. The manis my father. I respect his opinions most.8. I saw a lot of people and horses, They went to markel.9. Tom has three sisters. All of them are married.10.1 recentlywent back to Paris. It is still as beautiful asapeari.11.1 recentlywent back to Paris. I was born in Paris nearly50years ago.12. She is the most intelligent woman. Ive vc;r ln^t this woman.13. This doctor is famous. You visited him .yesterday,14. Do you know the music? It is being played on Lhe radio... 15.The police want to know the. hotel. Mr Foster stayed .there two..weeks ago.16. You didnt tell us the .eason. We have to cut down our daily expenses for that reason.17. The day was rainy. She left on that day.18. The reason hasnt been told yet. The president will come to that city, for this reason.19. Phuong Thao is a singer. You like her music best20. She couldnt come to the party. This is a pity.21. Ive sent him two letters. He has received neither of them.

# ngOphaptieng anh

# ngOphaptieng anh22. That man is an artist. I dont remember the mans name.23. The reason is not valid. You gave it yesterday.:24. We enjoyed the city. We spent our vacation in this city.25. One of the elephants had only one tusk. We saw these elephants at the zoo..26.1 looked at the moon. II was very bright that evening.27. My'father goes swimming everyday. You met him this morning.28. That car belongs to Dr Clark. Its engine is very good,29. In the class there are 48 students. The teacher knows cn!y a few of them.30. The pupils havent done their homework. It is too bad.31. We first met in 1945. The revolution, .ook place Lhen.-'.32. The girl is happy. She won the nice.33. The taxi driver is friendly. He took me Ip the airport . 34.1 liked the composition. You wrote it.35. The people were very nice We visited them yesterday.36. The meeting,was interesting. I went to it.37. The picture was beauiiful. She was looking at it38.1 apologized the woman., i spilled her coffee.39. The professor is excellent. Im taking her course.40. The man called the police. His wallet was stolen.4 i, I have to call the mail. I accidentally picked up his umbrella.42. The city was beautiful. We spent our vacation there.43. That is the restaurant I'll meet you there.44. The town is small. I grew up there.45. I'll never forget the day. I first met you then.46. May is the month. The weather is usually the hottest lhen.47.7:30 is the time. My plane will arrive then.48. Do you remember the year? The First. World War ended in that year.49. The man is a biologist. Mis father is a botanist.50.1 love my parents house. I was bom in lhat house.VI) Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly tht: same as the one printed before it.1. The man LhaL we are talking about is a famous scientist.-> The man about...2. The (ree that we picked these fruits from is in fronl of Ihe house.- The tree from...3. The city that we were born in is very large.> The cily in... ,4. Do you remember the day? We first met on lhat day.> Do you remember the day on...5. The manager has just announced his retirement. We have all depended on him so much. - > The manager on...Nfifl PHAI TIKN'C ANH 556 The officer wasn't very friendly. I spoke Lo him yesterday. U The officer to...7 The dog was very frightened. The boys threw stones at iL.-> The dog at...8. The road was built in 1980. We are driving on it.. > The road on...9. Did you see the letter? It came yesterday morning.Did you...10. This is Rex Hotel, and it is the biggest hotel in the city.- > This is Rex Hotel, which...\'FI) Complete the following sentences, using Relative clauses.]. I dont, know the reason...2. They have found the handbag...He doesnt like people...4. The police arrested the man...5. Do you know the country...6. I don'i like the womer....7. The womanismy molher.8. The man ismyfather.9. She has lost the bicycle.... i 0. This is the house...11. The hook is about the girl...I 2. George works for a company...13. What was the name of the horse...]4.The police have caught the men...15. Mary has lost a purse...16: Is there anyone here...17. A market Is a place...8 its one of the few houses... i 9: The slory is about a girl...20. Please tell me the reason...VIII) Reduce relative clauses to phrases.'. The man who is standing there is a down...2. The envelop which lies on tlie table has no slamtj or', it.Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became (he starling point in Lhe mariu- iac'urc of many dyes, perfumes ?.f.d xpiosives..4. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.'>. Tne students dont know hc.v to d-.i ihe exercises which were given by. the teacher yesterday.6. The diagrams which wer? made by young Faraday were sent lo:;Sir llumphry Davyat (.he end of the year IS 12.. ../,;"56 NGO tHAP TIENG AK.M7. The gentleman who lives next door (0 me is a well-known orator.8. Ail the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.9. All students who dont hand in their papers, will fail in the exam.10.1 saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.] l.The street which leads lo the school is very wide.12. The system which is used here is very successful.13 Mr Jackson, who teaches my son, is my neighbour.14. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to gel to London.15. The candidates who are sitting tor the exam are all from Vie tram. 6. We are driving on Lhe road which was built in 1980.17. Customers who complain about the service should :;et Iht manager.18. The city which-was destroyed during Lhe Vv'ar has ru;w been rebuilt.19. My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big firm.20. The vegetables which are sold ir. this shop are grown wilhoul chemicals.!X) Replace the Rebtive clause by an infinitive or infinitive phrase.. We had a river in which we could swim.2. The child would be happier if he had someone that hecould play with..3. I have some letters that must write. .4. If she had a .family that she Had to cook for, she wouldbemoreinterested.5. haven't anyore that I can go wilh.6. We had to eat standing up because we. hadnt anythingthat wecouldsiton.;7. I wish i had a box that 1 could keep my letters in.H. She .hadnt anyone to whom she cpuld send .cards.9. Have you got a key that can unlock I his door?10. There are six letters which have 1(> be written Loday...11. There is a bench that your, children can sit on...12. We have some picture books that children can read.13. He was the second man who was killed in this way.14. Here is the novel that she should read15. The man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable; :X) Replace the To-infinitive phrases by Relative clauses.I. lady Astorwas the firsl vvorrian l take her seat in Parliament.2. The last student to be interviewed was John.3-I was I he only person to see the difficulty.4. The last person 't''leave the. room miisi'lura.oiii Ihc lighls. 5.. Ti ir-hoitss-was ihe only person to.survive the crash.6. Jiin was Ihe first boy lo reach he lop.7. Me was the first man O leave' the burning buitliri-8. We had .a lake O swim in.9. Ilere is n application form for you lo fill in.10.1 have some letters to type-right now.'NC PHI DNC AMI

EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY(S DIN T VT S LNG)L Some/ Any (m it, mt vi)1. SOME: Some c t trc anh t m c s nhiu (plural countable rioun) hoc danh t khng m c (uncountable noun) trong cu xc nh.Ex: I want some milk.He saw some strangers in his house yesterday.Mv mother needs some eggs.i khi some c ng trong cu hi (mi ai dng thm .g hoe ml ngh lch s)Ex: Would YOU like some more coffee?May I go out for some drink?2. AiYY: Any thng c t trc danh t m c, hoc danh t khng m c trong cu ph nh hoc nghi vn.Ex: Do you want any sugar?She didn't see any boys in her class.Does your sister need any eggs?Lu :Coi t phiem chi (something, anything, someone, anyone, somebody,,..)cng theo cch ng trn.Ex; I don't see anything on the table.Is there anybody in your house now? want to do something to help her.II. Most/ Most of (phn ln, a s)1. MOST: Most dng trc danh t m c s nhiu hoc danh t khng:m dc.Most l t hn nh trong cu trc:MOST-)-NOUNMOST + ADJECTIVE + NOUNEx: Most children are fond of sweets.-Most beautiful material; is xpervc!.Most beer has been drunk.Most students in my class like watching football.2. MOST OP: Most, of dng tric cm danh t s t hoc s'nhiu. MOST 0? HK DLTKRMIXER/ PRONOUN + NOUNEx: Most uf these students are intelligent.Most of her friends have well-paid jobs.We spend most of our leisure time watching TV.He has finished most of the exercises in this book.

* Cc cm danh t ng sau mst f thng xc nh {phi c the, th these, those,... hoc cc tnh.t s Hu my, his, her..:)Ex: Most boys and girls have given thought to their future job.Most of the boys arid girls in my class want to chooso well-paid jobs.III. Much, Many, A great deal of, A large number of, A kit of, Lot of... nhiu].With uncountable nouns (Vi cc rfanh t khng m c)much, (thng dng trong cu ph nhhoc nghi vn) a great deal of{thng dng trong cu xc nh)a large aiTiount ofWith countable nouns (Vi cc danh t m c)manya large number ofa great number of.a large a:plenty ofI plenty ofa lot ofI a lot of.lots of lots ofEx: I don't have much time for night clubs.There are so many pcopic here that I feel tired.A large amount of air pollution comes from industry'.She has got a great deal of homework today.Did you spend much money on the beautiful cars? -Yes, I spent a lot of . money on them: I want to have a lot of cars.There's plenty of milk in the fridge.There are plenty of eggs in the fridge.I saw lots of flowers in the garden yesterday.A large number of students in this school are goocj.Lu :Khi trong cuxc nhc cc t very,too,so,as th phi dngmuch/many.Ex: There wassomuchtraffic that ittookmeanhour to gethome.There are too many mistakes in your writing.IV. Few, A Few, Little, A Little [tF mi ft, mt vi)1. Few/ A Few: dng trc cc danh t m c s nhiu (plural countable nouns). Few: rt i, hu nh khng c (t hn nhng g bn mun hoc mong (li)Ex: I don't want to take the trip to Hue because I have few friends there. They hardly find a iob because-there arc few iobs. few: ml vi (gn ngha vi some)x: You can see a few houses on the hill.A few people left early.There are a few empty seats here.I recognized a few of the other guests.2. Little/ A Little: dng trc cc danh tkhn dm c (uncountable nouns). Little: rt (t hn nhng g bn mun hoc mong di)

# NG PHP TIKNC ANH

NG PHPTING N(f#

NG PHPTING N(f#Ex: There was little doubt in my mind, r have very little time for reading.I understood little of what he saidA little: mt it, mi cht (gn nghii vi some Ex; I need a little help to move these books.It caused a little confusionWould you like a little salt on your vegetables? -EXERCISESI) Choose the correct words in the following sentences.]. Me doesnt have (many/ much) money:2. I would like (a few/ a little) salt on my vegetables.3. She bought (many/ much) cards Iasi night.4. There are (less/ fewer) boys in this class lhan in the next class.5. There is (too many/ too much) information to learn.6. Would you like (less/fewer) coffeeihari: this?7. This jacket costs (loo much/ too many).8. ] don't, want (some/ any) eggs bill I want {any/ some) cheese.9. Is there {some/.any) water in the glass?10. (How much/ How many) pounds of buller does she want?11. (How much/ How many) bulter does she want?12. Is there (some/ any) tea in Lh cup?.... . .13. Peter doesnt want (something/ anything), la do.M. I can speak (a few/ a liltle) English., .15. They dont need (some./ any) coffee. 1 f). 1 cant buy that house, because I have (lew/ little) money.1 7. They have given ( large.number of/ a great deal ) lime on training.! 8. The teacher found (a large number of/ a great deal of) rnislakes ill his writing.] 9.1 tan drink (a few/ a little) wine.20. i.ive me (a few/a little) examples.II) Fill in each of th blanks with MOST or MOST OF.1- _ adoiescenls can hardly find a suitable joh.2, There are 51) students in my class. \ hm. can Hardly find a suitable job.'S Ihe time he spfent on earn:i was: fairly reasonable. '4 . men and women apply r;;r lhal .ion, but:Lhem arenFofLenqualified.5. She. gave her energy [0 science.II!) Fill in each of the blanks wiib A GREAT DEAL OF/ A LARGE NUMBER OF/ MUCH (OF)/ MANY (OF)1 learners aUeniicn shook! he.paid lo the useof Ihe Englishtenses.- oday s scientific work ii. invoivecl in ihe use of computers,60 NC 1IIP TING AMI3. Are your photos in colour or in black and while?4. She put too v sugar in the coffee. It became so sweet that I couldnt drink it.5. Thank you very for your valuable help.6. He wrote play, but his plays couldnt be staged.7. Do you have' enough exercises to do now? Oh, too ;8. 'How lime do you spend on learning English even day?9. Howthese children are qualified for ihe job?10.She doesnt know about what to do in response U/.his kind-heartedness.11 . people know him as a devoted doctor,^12. He loved so fun that his-lessijnswereneverwell-prepared.13;She ts very rich. She has ~money.In-the bank.V14 . goods were sent to the exhibition.15. They have found . mistake;; in the accounts.'16. Mrs Green has spent time in Ho Chi Minh City.17.1 have got homework io do today.'18 . trees are cm to mak-i paper even- year.19. Please buysoap. ''''v;20. How money- have you gol?IV) Insert SOME, ANY, SOMEONE, ANYONE, SOMEWHERE, ANY\IERE where rauii*td.1. Will you have lea?2. Youre expecting locall, aren't you?3. Havent I given you money .this, week?. I must haveforgollen you. 4. If you haven't money, you can get- ^ from Lhe bank.5. Are you expecting else? If nol, well go ^fordrink.6. Please buy huller for moLher.7. I have new'dresses..8. She doesnt want _ ^ ice-cream.9. I have boughtfurniture.',10. Why dont you askthe bank for V money?V) Fill in each blankwith LITTLE/ FEW or A LITTLE/ A FEW (OF).1. She gave Ihoughl lo her future.2. Would you like;cofiee?:Yes, please. But put ' "sugar in il.3 . your friends will have to repeat-the course mving io their weakness.4. Can you speak French? Jusl5. If you haveknowledgeof Knglish grammar, you can'l make correctsentences.6. I hadtime to look alter my children.7. She jusl spends her money.on clothes.8. : these children wilt go to work at a garage.Nc;Vf riiAitikno .vNit 61

brushes het hjirh^fore ging outhet han a " ^-'^/izVShe^omplamed about his rudeness,*,-. 7^'v-:'.;S'HeBad;'avn>.of:.-j'.,:5. Because of ertgme trouble, the plane had tolandonthefields.-> Because of engine trouble, the plane hadto makea...V6. Just look at this .picture.-> Take a ...7.. ' 1 love her very much.> Im very much in ... 8. We must start early.-> We must make an ...;;9. He received her letter of the I Oth. He was in ..."10. After lunch time she usually rests. ..., ; . \, After lunch time she usually lakes a ...Ill)Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the suggested words.1. There is a tendency to minimize problem. .>.They ...2. They show a strong desire lo pul aside the status of the school child. --> They strongly...'3. They thought much about their work..-> They gave a ....4. They had little knowledgeofthejob of-theirehoice...-> They ...5. There ..is a determination to overcome problems.-> They are ...\\6. ile visit us wheneverhesintown.-> He pays ...7. There has been a tendency to choose weli-paid jobs. They have ...8 Some children give a great deal of thought to !heir future work. Their future work ...9.. Hs better far you not to have conlaci wilh her. Youd better... ;10.1 slept well last night..; > 1 had ...1L Carol Stuail cooks avid swims very well. Carol S^uri is ... ^

* 66 ncjCphai* TiENc; anh

68 NG PHP TIKG A.NH12. She has a strong desire for a scholarship. > She strongly ...13. The villagers gave us a cordial welcome.-> The villagers ...14. He has no intention of leaving the city. Me doesnt ...15. She teaches English well. She is ...1.6, This man lives by begging for money, food, etc.-> This man is ...17, She types with care. She is...] 8. No sooner had we begun our walk than it rained. Hardly ...19. This woman has very little sleep.- This woman ...20. My grandfather is a lover of music.--> My grandfather ...21. Ke is a careful driver.> He drives...22. She sings well.-> She is ...23. Mary cooks well.> Mary is ...24. He is the best football player in his team. No one ... '25. She plays tennis well. She is ...26. People speak English in Australia. English ...27. They are building a school for the poor. > A ...28. No one has seen her since 1980.-> She ....29. He visited his' parents last:;week;.;V. > His...:':30. She can speak' Ivnglish fluently..-.English..,-'V'31 . They open the shop at six oclock. > The ...32. They spend millions of dollars on advertising every year. _ Millions ...33. the teaeher is going to tell us a story.-> We ...34. This house was buift 100 years ago.We...''35. All the arrangements have been made.> Tliey ...36. Evening dress ought to be worn.^ Shfi37. Our salary was going'to be increased.-> They ...38. This job has to be done at once.> They ...39-They couldnt be found anywhere.> We ...40. No one believes his story. His ...EMPHASIS(DNG NHN MNH)Khi mun cu c thuyt phc hn v ngha mnh hn ngi ta dng hnh thc nhn mnh (emphasis).1. Nhn mnh trong pht m (Emphasis in pronundation)Khi mun nhn mnh mt t, ta c t mnh hn, ln hn hoc vi n cao hn. T cng c th ko di nguyn m hoc ngng li trc t (lc nhp mnh. :2. Nhn mnh trong cch vit (Emphasis in vvriting)a. ng t (verbs)DO/ DOES/ DID + V(b*re-irJ.}Ex: John visited her yesterday. -> Job.i did visit her yesterday. I like coffee.- >I do like coffee,b. Tnh t (adjectives)

Ex: Travelling by air is fast - It is fast to travel by air. Learning a forciign language is necessary. :->It is necessary to learn a foreign language.We found that getting a visa was impossible.-->We found that it was impossible to get a visa.c. Danh t, i t hoc trng t (nouns, pronouns or adverbs) nhn mnh danh t hoc i t ta c th dng cc i t nhi mnh (emphatic pronouns) myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves. i t nhn mnh thng ng ngay sau t c nhn mnh hoc ng cui cu.Ex: Ted himself broke the news to me.I myself am wrong. nhn mnh trng t ta a trng t ra u cu v o ng.Ex: Rarely has new film produced such positive reviews. nhn mnh anh t, i t hoc trang t ta cng c th ng cu trcIt is/was + .- + that/ Vtflro ...~Ex: England won the World-Cup in iSfii'.->It was England that won. the World-Cup in 1966.I love you. > it is you that/ wto I love.The accident happened test night.> It was last night that the accident happened Lu dng cu c.) 2 rnnh nh sau:Ex: I need water, 'don't need milk. -> It is water, not milk that I need.. T saw Hoa. ] didn't see Lan. > It was Hoa, not Lan that I saw.d. Commands (Cu mnh nh) . Cu nir.h lnh khng nh (Affirmative commands)DO + V(bare-inf-)vEx: Listen to me, please. -> Do listen to me, please.Visit us some time. -> Do visit us some time. Cu ngh ph nh (Negative commands)DONT YOU + V(barc-inf.)Ex: Don't talk in class.->Dontyoutalkinclass.Don't make too much noise.Dontyoumaketoo much noise.EXERCISESI) Rewrite the sentences with an emphasis on the underlined words.1. Ted broke the news to me.2. Knowing your limitations is important3. They want money. They dont want affection.4. He misunderstood my intentions.5. I remembered her name after she had gone.6. 1 did my English test very well.7. Does Mary wash up everyday?8. She first heard the news from Francis.9. I get along with him perhaps because hes a misfit.9. The windows are so small that the room gels air.10. He is not popular. He hasfriends.VI) Fill in each blank with a proper expression of quantity.1. I feel lonely and dont enjoy my life here because I have friends in this city.2. tourists have not visited this part of the town yet.3. the people at the party were very friendly.4. Are those people English? them.5. schools open in September.6. Lets go and have a drink. Weve got time before thetrain leaves.7. I.need some money. Have you got any?Yes,but riot 8. The race gave everyone -'pleasure.9. Hurry or well be late.. We have verytime.10.1 have doneexercisesofgrammarinthisbook.11. ___ the people in Canada speak English!12. The Smiths spent money on their last trip.13.1 do not know about biology. I haveknowledge about genetics. .14. The librarian says that you may borrow asbooks as you want to.15. The boys are making toonoise.16. We spendourtime on English grammar.17. Im very poor.I havemoney.But my brother is richer than I.He has moneyin the bank.18. English learners have real chance to use it every day19. There is sugar in .the. jar.20. Did children know anything about their future job/ No, just21. You talk too and you often do too tricks in class.22 . people are afraid of snakes.23 .Vietnamese people make their: living by farming.24. How languages can you speak? And how - - - .. time do you spend onlearning Engiish?25. How do you know about biology and genetics?26 . machinery.was sent to e exhibition.27. furniture in her room is new.28 . us feel the sanie about the war,29. reporters were at the' meeting yeslerd. ;30 . meat is expensive.VII) Choose the right fom'S of quantifiers in brackets.How (many/ much;1 lists is your name on?.There must. b.(plenty/pienlv ()0::lisisofnames in everypartof the world and they rmist he used losendinformationto(millions/ millions of)-people.The (number/ amount)1 oir lelters ordinary'.peoplereceive. these days has greatly increased. (A lot/ A lot of):i the people I know objecttoreceiving: unwanted letters. (Much/ Many)'* of the mail we receive goes straight inlo the;waste- paper basket. Thats why (most/ the most}7 people refer to it. as junk mail. H would be better for all of us if we received (much/ many)K less junk mail and, as a restlit saved (many/ much)" more trees from destruction.STYUES(VAN PHONG) Vn phong (styles) l nhng kiu hnh vn iliii dt ml cu ni theo nhiu cch khc nhau. Nhng cch din dt mt ;:u vn c Ih l: Dng tnh t thay cho danh l (ho: rifs.c li).Ex; There is a determination t overcome problems.N--> Children arc J(iterrn!iiod to overcome problems.AdjThey shew no interest in the picture.N- They aren't interested in the picture.Adj . Diig ng l thay cho danh t hoc ngc li).Ex: We hd a look at the picture. --> Wc looked at the picture.NVHe had an intention of making a journey with her.N lie intended to make a journey with her.V - Dng, th'b ng ca dng l thay cho th ch dng (hoc ngc li)Ex: Mary has finished her homework"" Mary's homework has been finished.We should keep dangerous chemicals in safe places. Dangerous chemicals shou]d_bc.kept in safe pkicos. Dng trng t thay cho tnh L (hoc ngc li)Ex: He is a careful driver.>He drives carefuHy.Adj AdvTorn is a good student.>Tom studios wsJLAdjAdvMary can type well.>Mary is a gopd__ty_pjst.V Adv,AdjNLuu yj Khi di cch hnh vn, ta cn lu s thay di.c giti t, tnh t hoc ph t trong cu.Adj + N^> dv .+.V\r _L n

NG PHP TING ANH#

62 NG PJIP TING ANH

Nt PHI' TIN NII 63V + 0 + AdvEx: He has a strong, desire to become a doctor.Adj + N.'->Iie strongly desires to become a doctor.Ari\- + vThey gave some careful thought to the problem. Adj + N> They thought about the problem carefully.V + O + Adv*Mt s t c s dng di dng ng t (verb), v dnh t (noun).

Llo look al: o hnve a look at (nhn vo)

2.lo Lhnk aboii-l/ of: lo ive thought

3.lo be determined to: to have a determination lo (uy-lm)

4.to know (about): l have knowledge of (bit)

5.k) lend to: It) have a tendency lo (c khuynh hng.)

6.[0 inlentl to -1- inf: to have intention oiddnh} F V-ing

7.to desire: (0 have a desire (ao c) ....

8.to wish: to have/ express a wish (ao c)

9.lo visit sb: to pay a visit, to -sb/. to pay sb, a visit ((hm vingl .

10I() discuss sih: Lo have a discussion about (thn lun)

1 1lo decide to: to make a decision to /u (lnh) ... "

12lo (ilk lo: lo have a talk with (ni chuyn)

nlo explain sth: U) Jiive an explanation for (c/ifli thch)

1-'Ito call sh: 0 give sb a call (gi din cho...)

15lo by interested in: lo have interest in (thch)

16,l() drink: lo have a drink (uhy)

17ti) pliolgrph: 1.0 have a pholograph

18In cry: to give a crj (khc, ku)

19I() laugh ai: lo give a laugh aKci nvo) . ,

20(t vvdconii' 5b: to give sh a welcome (cho (lti) :

21.to kss sb: tti ve sb a

22.lo iiii sb: to give sb 3 riri (g diry

2H.lo warn: Lo give warning (bo dn, cnh co) . . .

24.to fry ! (( inf): to make an effort lo/ t() make 111 iliempH (c in/

25.lo niee! sb; k) have a meeting, wilh sb (gp (li...)

26.lo succeed: to make a success Uhnh C01UJ)

27.!() he used: 1(1 he in use (dc s iri) . ' '

28,In rest: O have a resL (ngh rt)

29.lo sleep: lo have a sleep (T) '

30.to bailie: In have/ bke a bath (lm)

:n.10 examine: to Have ail examination (khm, kim Ira, xem x)

:2.lo iijjrcc: Lo be in agresmeni (dm/ if)

61NCI .PI11'TIKNC! ANil *

33. to disagree: to be in disagreement (khng ng )34. to conrat sb: to have contact with sb (lin lc, quan h)35. to exchange: to have an exchange of (trao i}36. to argue with sb: to have an argument with sb (tranh ci vi ai)37. to complain about: to have a complaint about (phn nn v..,)38. to land: to make a landing (h cnh)39. to receive sth: to be in receipt of sth (nhn...)40. to need: to have a need of (can)41-to lave sb: to falllove with sb (yu ai)42. to brush sth: to give sth a brush (chi)43. to arrange with sb: to have an arrangement with :;!> (sp xp)EXERSSESI) Rewrite these sentences by -isinjf th boys, hat -> hats-Cc ch ci, ch s, cc du hiu v nhng t loi khckhngphi nh t mc ng nh danh t thng thm $ vo cui.Ex: There are two 9's in 99.^ Dot your is.2. Cc danh t chm dt bng s, sh, ch, X, z, tbm es vo cui.Ex: dish > dishes, church -> cbijrches, Loi -> boxes Cch pht m ui s, es.s, es cui cc t c pht m /s/, izJ, nl - s danh t tn cig bng cc oh m k, p, t, v m /0/Ex: cups, cats, fcookc f.'otiis ...Izl danh t tn cng bng cc ph m n, d, V, y, m, l, r, g, b v cc nguyn m Ex: toys, ansvVttrs, lessons, trees...# NG PHP TING ANHNG PHPTIKNG ANH 65/iz/ danh t tn cng bng s, X, ch, sh, z Ex: watches, boxes, bridges, ...3. Cc danh t chm dt bng y sau mt ph m khi s nhiu b y v thm ies. Cc danh t chm t bng y sau mt nguyn m ch cn thm s.Ex: lay > ladies, story -> stories, key ~> keys, ...Danh t ring (proper nouns) chm dt bng y ch cn thm s.Ex: Mary -> Marys, Murphy -> Murphys.4. Mt s danh t chm dt bng /'hoc fe calf, half, knife, leaf, iife, loaf, self, chef, thief, wife, wolf, sheaf) v s nhiu s Ihnh ves.Ex: wife - wives, calf -> calves, thief > thievffS Danh t kt thc bng f, fe khc v s nhiu ch thm s.Ex: roof -> roofs, cliff > cliffs Mt s danh t chm dt bng f v s nhiu c th c 2 hnh thc.Ex: scarf - scarfs, scarvesdwarf -> dwarfs, dwarves5. Cc danh t chm dt bng o sau mt ph m v s nhiu thm es.Ex: tomato -f tomatoes, potato -> potatoes, hero -> heroes Cc danh t chm dt bng o sau mt nguyn m, hoc cc t mn ca nc ngoi v 'v nhiu ch cn thm s.Ex: radio -> radios, piano pianos 6 -S nhiu ht qui tc (irregular plurals) Mt i danh t khi s" nhiu i nguyn m:man-menmouse->micewoman->womenlouse->licetooth->teelhgoose>geesefoot->feet Mt s darth t khi s nhiu thm en: child -> chilrea ox -> oxen Mt s danh t khi s nhiu vn khng thay i hnh thc: .a sheep-sheepa eer->deera fish>fisha swine->swinea craft->craft Mt s' danh t tn cng bng s khi s nhiu vn khng i hnh thc: means, works, series, species, barracks7. S nhiu ca cc danh t mn t nc ngoi (Foreign plurals). Cc danh t tn cng bng a khi s nhiu a di thnh ae.Ex; formula -> formulaealumna -> alumnae Cc danh t tn cng bng us khi s nhiu us i thnh i.Ex: focus -> focialumiius > aJumni Ct danh t tn cng bng um khi s nhiu um i Ihnh a.Ex: bacterium > bacteria curriculum -> curricula dictum- > dicta Cc danh t tn cng bng on khi s nhiu on i thnh a.Ex: criterion -> criteria phenomenon - phenomenaNG PHP tlENG ANH 73NG PTIP TING AN1I 7110. We iieetT pilots; not ground staff.11. Prices will go up. This is certain.12. To be early is better. '13. peter lent us money. Paul didnt14. We found that getting a visa was impossibie.15. Hes going today.16. We ordered wine. We didnt order beer.17. Bad roads dont cause accidents. Speed does.18. Teasing animals is cruel.19. Mastering a second language takes Ume_and practice20.1 toved you.21. love you.22.1 love you.23. It happened in 1966, not in 1967.24. England won the World Cup in 1966.25. We enjoyed ourselves.26. Does Mr. Smith want to visit;Us?27. Income tax wilt be reduced. This is unlikely.28. The countryside is most beautiful in autumn.29. The teacher wishes you worked more than you talked30. Napoleon was finally defeated in Waterloo.31.1 am wrong.32.1 saw Ann. I didnt see Mary. 33. John took your book. He told me so.34. Remember to iock the door before you leave,35. We reached Istanbul by tram. .36. Being a hostess in fun.37.1 think that taking up yoga is not a good idea.38. Be careful.39. He was kind to help me.40. Mrs. Jones spends too much time making up.41. YouVe mistaken.42. Visit us again some time.43. Don't make too much noise.44.1 did my English test very well. .45. You can succeed only, by hard work.46. The smoke from factor,' chimneys polluted the air.47. My mother made this cake.48.1 r traveling. '49. David teaches in a Technical College.50. Help me solve this problem.70 NG PHAP TJENG ANHTHE PARTS OF SPEECH(TLOI)X. DANHT (NOUNS)Danh t l nhng t dng ch s vt, s vic hoc con ngi.L Phn loi danh t (Classification of nouns)A. Danh t c th c chia lm 2 loai chnh:1. Danh t c th (concrete nouns) ch nhng gi ht hnh, hy c, s c nh: house (nh), man (ngi), cloud (my), ... Danh t chung (common nouns) c dri ^rn tn chung cho mt loi.Ex: man. country, city, ... Danh t ring (proper nouns; dc dn lm ln ring cho mt ci trong mt loi. Ex: John, England. Paris, ...2. Danh t tru tng (absvwct nouns) ch nhng g v hnh nh trng thi, tnh cht, quan nim,...Ex: health, beauty, democracy,...B. V tnh cch vn phm, danh t cn c th l:1. Danh t tp ip (collective nouns) ch mt nhm c th nh mt ton khi.E/: Cx'owd (m ng), army (qun i),, class (giai cp... '2. Oar.h t m c (countable nouns).Ex: book, student, idea, ...3. Danh t khng m dc (uncountable nouns)Ex: water, grass, information, ...+ Tt c cc danh t m dc (countable nouns) (lu c [h dng s nhiu, v khi s t thng c m t a hoc an dng trc.r Cc danh t ring-(proper nouns) thng dng s u nhng i khi cng c th ng d s nhiu.Ex: The Smiths (gia nh Smith)There are three Davids in my class, c. v hnh thc, mt danh t c th l danh t dtfn (simple nouns) Kay danh t kp (compound nouns). Danh t n (simple nouns): war, peace, train. ... Danh t kp (compound nouns): world peace, non-stop train, war- criminal,...: Gc thnh phn ca danh t kp (compound nouns) c ih i:- noun + noun: toothpick, schoolboy Y adjective + noun: quicksilver adjective + verb: whitewash . verb + noun: pickpocket adverb + pronoun: overallv- Oc danh t chm:dt: bng ma khi s nhiu ma i ihnh mata. Ex: dogma dogmata stigma -> stigmata Cc danh t tn cng bng ex, x, x, is, sis khi ( s nhiu cc ui ny i thnh es. Ex: basis > basescrisis>crises8. Hi hnh thc s nhiu vi hai ngha khc nHau.Ex: brother -> brothers (anil em rut thil); brethcn (ng di', 'nq nghip) cloth -> cloths fLdi vc); clthcs YK o) penny -> pennies (cc ag xu)] pcncc (s' tin xu). staff.-> staffs (nhrt oin); staves (khun nhc)9. S nhiu ca cc danh t kp.- Cc danh t kp vit dnh thnh mt ch/ hoc vit ri thnh hai 'ch c gch ni c coi l danh t dn v nu phn cui,l danh t th s nhiu cng i . nh t n. .Ex: toothbrush ~> toothbrushes " horseman > horsemen - Cc danh t kp m phn u l ml danh, l theo, sau c s h cch, nhin gi i . t, trng t hay tnh t th dnh t y di sang s nhiu. Ex: brother in-law > brothers-in-iawpasser-by > passcrs-by 0. Mu thun gia hnh Ihc s v ngha,Hnh thc s L nhng ng . s nhiu... ..-.Ex: army, police, cattle, people, government. tGai. fa mi lv. - - Hnh thc s nhi nhng ng s l. .;Ex: means, measles, news, the Unitedi States, mathematics, physics, ...IV. S tng htfp giffa ch ng v ng t (Subject and Verb Agreement)1. ng t s t (singular Verb) Noun + Noun (The same idea, person, thing)Ex: Mv best Friend aiid 'adviser.' Toni, is coining toright. Each'singular nounEx: Every article in this newspaper is very interesting Each of the children has a toy. : Each/ Every + singular noun and each/ every + singular nounEx: Each boy and feach girl has a book.AnyNo Every(body, thing, one)SmeEx: Evcrvthng ooks bright and clean: 74 NG PHP TING ANIr * The forms of some plural nouns: news, physics, economics., politics linguistics, genetics, athletes, measles, mumps, the Philippines, the United States, Wales...Ex: Physics is more difficult than chemistry. Uncountable nouns: furniture, water, traffic, progress, knowledge, homework... Ex: The furniture was more expensive than wo thought. Distance, time and moneyEx: Four weeks is a long time to wait to hearfromhim. A title of the book, an article, a story..Ex: "Tom and Jerry" is very we!' known'all over the world. Subject is used as clause, gCTUiid, ..Ex: That you get very high gradag inschoolisnecessary.2- ng t s nhiu (plura veA) Noun + Noun (different thing,, person)Ex: Water and oil do not mix. The f Adjective (used as a noun) ...1 Kx; The rich are not always happy. People, police, poultry, cattleEx. The police have arrested the thieves. Some, a few, both... + plural nounEx: Some books I read yesterday arc famous.3. ng t s t hoc s nhiu {singular or plural verb) EitherorNoun. + verb (noun,,)I Neither + Noun J + nor +Not onlybutalsoEx: Not only my brother but also my sister is here. The numberof+plural noun> singular verbA numberof+piurai noun - >plural verbEx; The number of students in this class is small. .A number of problems have arisen. Nouiij + preposition + Noun2 + verb (nounj)Ex: A box of cigarettes contains 20 pipes.All, Some, None,singular noun singular VerbPlenty, 4-OF+AHalf, Most, The rest,pluralnoun-plural verbA lot/ LotsEx: None of the boys'ara good at English.A lot of coffee has been hot. No + singular noun - singular verb No + plural noun plural verbEx: No example is relevant to this case.No two days are the same. There + (be) + nounx; There is a fly in this room.There are two people waiting outside.V. Cch ca danh t {The case of nouns]Cch (case) l hnh thc ca danh t cho bit s Iiri h gia danh t vi cc t khc trong cu. y, chng ta ch cp n phn s hu cch (possessive case) Vi danh t s t, thm s.Ex: The boy's book = The book of the boy Tom's house = The house of Tom Vi danh t s nhiu tn cng bng.5, ch cn thm duEx: The boys' house = The house of the boys Vi cc nh t: s nhiu khng tn cng bng 5, thm 's.Ex.: The mens room = The room of the menThe childrens voices = The voices of the children C th dng dngs m khng c danh t theo sau, \Ex: This isn't my book. It's my brother's, (my brothers book.) ch s Vt, tng, ta dng of. 'Ex: The roof of the garage, (khng dng the garage's roof) Dng /vi the beginning/ end/top/bottom/ front/ back/ middle