nvg b] pm] · tnm dofgdf/df eo/x]sf dfgj clwsf/ pnn3] +g tyf gfu/ls clwsf/ dflysf ] bdg ttsfn agb...

$: nVg b] pm] · tnM Dofgdf/df eO/x]sf dfgj clwsf/ pNn3] +g tyf gfu/Ls clwsf/ dflysf ] bdg tTsfn aGb ug { cfx \jfg ub {} dfO{tL3/ d08nfdf ul/Psf ] k |bz {g kqsf/x? dflysf] cfqmd0f j9$

sf=jf=;efkltMsf=jf=;efkltMsf=jf=;efkltMsf=jf=;efkltMsf=jf=;efkltM w|'js'df/ sfsL{ dxf;lrjMdxf;lrjMdxf;lrjMdxf;lrjMdxf;lrjM >L rGb|s'df/ clwsf/L sf]iffWoIfMsf]iffWoIfMsf]iffWoIfMsf]iffWoIfMsf]iffWoIfM >L zDe' 7fs'/

;b:ox?M;b:ox?M;b:ox?M;b:ox?M;b:ox?M >L ljqmd 9's'5', >L dx]zs'df/ kf}8]n, >L bLks /fhe08f/L, >L s]zj l;Ub]n, >L 5lj af“:sf]6f

dlxnf ;b:oM dlxnf ;b:oM dlxnf ;b:oM dlxnf ;b:oM dlxnf ;b:oM >L uLtf Gof}kfg], >L zf/bf zdf{, ;Nnfxsf/x?M ;Nnfxsf/x?M ;Nnfxsf/x?M ;Nnfxsf/x?M ;Nnfxsf/x?M >L g'tg yklnof, >L k|bLk kf]v/]n

P=cfO{= g]kfn /fli6«o sfo{;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?

k|sfzs

;DkfbsLoo;leqo;leqo;leqo;leqo;leq

P=cfO{= g]kfn k'g/fj]bg ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?;+of]hsM >L x]ds'df/ v8\sf ;b:ox?M >L wg h}zL zdf{, >L s[i0fk|;fb bfxfn

PDg]:6Ldfu{, j;Gtgu/, afnfh'

;DkfbsM hut g]kfn

PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn zfvfPDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn zfvfPDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn zfvfPDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn zfvfPDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn zfvf

kf]:6 aS; g+= !#%, sf7df8f} +, g]kfn .

kmf ]gM$#^$&)^÷$#^%$#!, k \ mofS;M$#%$(*&

Od]nM [email protected]

j]j;fO6M www.amnestynepal.org

cfj/0f kmf]6f]cfj/0f kmf]6f]cfj/0f kmf]6f]cfj/0f kmf]6f]cfj/0f kmf]6f]dflyM d[To'b08 vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ lrgLofF /fhb'tfjf; cuf8L P=cfO{= g]kfnåf/f lgsflnPsf] ¥ofnL

tnM Dofgdf/df eO/x]sf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn3+g tyf gfu/Ls clwsf/ dflysf] bdg tTsfn aGb ug{ cfx\jfg ub}{dfO{tL3/ d08nfdf ul/Psf] k|bz{g

kqsf/x? dflysf] cfqmd0f j9\b} hfg' k|hftGq, :jtGqtf/ dfgjclwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug]{ tyf sfg"gL /fHodf ljZjf;ug]{x?sf nflu lrGtfsf] ljifo jg]sf] 5 . cfjfh lgsfNgg;Sg]x?sf] cfjfh cfd hgtfdf k'¥ofpg] kqsf/ cfkm}c;'/lIft jGb} hfg'n] d'n's c/fhstfsf] e"d/Ldf kg]{vt/f j9]sf] 5 . j[xb zflGt ;+emf}tf dfkm{t zflGt k|s[ofdfcfPsf] d'n'ssf] lhDd]jf/ kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x?jf6 kqsf/jL/]Gb| zfxsf] xTof ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL cfkm}n] jgfPsf]5fgljg ;ldltn] ;d]t xTofdf cfkm\gf lhNnf :t/sfsfo{stf{sf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] k|ltj]bg ;fj{hgLs ul/;s]sf]5 . ;/sf/n] bf]ifL dfly sfg"gL sf/jfxL rnfpg' k5{ /dfcf]jfbLn] ;d]t Tof] sfddf ;3fp k'¥ofpg h?/L 5 .xTof/fnfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg /fHo / dfcf]jfbLulDe/ ePgg\ eg] b08lxgtf emg j9\g] 5 . dfcf]jfbLg]t[Tjn] kqsf/x? dfly cfqmd0f gug]{ ;fj{hgLs k|ltj4tfb]vfP klg lhNnf lhNnfdf kqsf/x?nfO{ wDsL lbg] qmd/f]lsPsf] 5}g . 36gfdf kf6L{sf] ;+nUgtf 5}g eGg] k'li6ug{ / kqsf/ xTofsf] sn+s d]6fpg klg dfcf]jfbLn] o:tf36gf tTsfn /f]Sg h?/L 5 .

dflg;sf] afFRg kfpg] ====== @@@@@

kqsf/ jL/]Gb| zfxsf] xTof &

d[To'b08 vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ lrlgof

b'tfjf;df 1fkgkq *

d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj; (

;fgf xltof/ lgoGq0fsf nflu ==== !!

cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] ==== !@

;'sLsf] l/xfO{sf] dfu ub}{ k|bz{g !#

b jfo/ !%

ljljw ultljlw @)

n]Vg b]pm

PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnsf] å}dfl;s k|sfzg cleofg ;dfrf/

;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 4

dflg;sf] afFRg kfpg] df}lns xssf] nflucfly{s, ;fdflhs clwsf/

===========================utf°sf] afFsL c+zljZjsf x/]s d'n'sdf j]/f]huf/Lsf] tYofÍ lgSs}

/x]klg /f]huf/L dfgj hLjgsf] g5'l§g] c+u ag]sf] 5 .w]/}sf nflu /f]huf/L cfDbfgLsf] d"n>f]t ag]sf] 5 . h;af6ltgLx?sf] zf/L/sf] /Iff x'G5 . o;af6 of] k|i6 5 lsædflg;sf] af“Rg kfpg] clwsf/, :jtGqtfsf] clwsf/,JolQmsf] ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/Æ JolQmsf] /f ]huf/Lsf]clwsf/;“u hf]l8Psf] 5 . ef]hg, sk8f, cfjf;, lzIff,:jf:Yo, ;:s[ltsf] clwsf/sf nflu klg /f]huf/Lsf]xssf] cfjZostf kb{5 . wf/f ^ n] slt kfl/>ldskfp“5 eGbf klg /f]huf/Lsf] d"NonfO{ a9L Wofg lbG5 .JolQmsf] ;Ddfg / OHht /Iff ug{ klg /f]huf/Lsf] g}dxŒj 5 . /f]huf/Lsf] clwsf/sf] dtna cfkm"n]:jtGqtfk"j{s 5fg]sf] of :jLsf/]sf] Joj;fodf kx'“rsf]df}sf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 . k"0f{ /f]huf/Lsf] cefjdf dflg;sf]hLjg -:jtGq eP/ af“Rg kfpg] xs_ lg/y{s x'G5 .

/f]huf/Lsf] j[[l4b/sf] gd"gf klg aGg ;s]sf]5}g cyf{t\ j]/f]huf/ x6fpg] ;/sf/sf] k|of;nfO{ gfKg]s'g} ;+oGq klg aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf pQm/fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] s] ;f]R5 eg] /fHon] a9L ;] a9L/f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug'{kb{5 . /f]huf/L gkfpg]nfO{j]/f]huf/L ;'ljwf lbg'k5{ . of] :d/0fLo 5 ls xfn ef/t/ g]kfn -Ps c~rn dfq}_ df sfd gkfPsf JolQmnfO{ !jif{sf] @*) lbg /f]huf/L lbg] ;/sf/L gLltn] /f]huf/Lsf]clwsf/nfO{ a9jf lbPsf] 5 .

jf:tjdf /f]huf/Lsf] xsn] c? xsx?nfO{ cfwf/lbg] / vf;u/L ;Ddfgk"j{s af“Rg] xssf nflu of] xssf]k|Tofe"lt ug{ clgjfo{ ePsfn] kIf /fi6«x?n] klg k"0f{/f]huf/Lsf] xsnfO{ dfGotf lbP/ cfPsf 5g\ . a]/f]huf/Lx6fpg / /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ j[l4 ug{] bfloTj /fHon]lnPsf] x'G5 . o;sf] nflu dfgj ;fwg, k|fs[lts >f]t /;fwgx? a9L eGbf a9L pkof]u u/L /f]huf/Lsf] j[l4sf]nflu cfjZos gLltx? / of]hgfx? k"0f{ ?kdf nfu" ug{kIf /fi6«x?n] k|ltj4tf hfx]/ u/]sf 5g\ .

o;}u/L j]/f]huf/L x6fpg;/sf/n] lnPsf sbdx? s]–s] x'g\ < o;sf] ;kmntf s:tf]5 < afn dhb'/sf] ;d:ofsf]hl6ntf s:tf] 5 < ;/sf/n]s:tf] sbd rfn]sf] 5 /o;sf] glthf s:tf] 5 < eGg];d]t lh1f;f pQm /fi6«;+3Lo;ldltsf ] 5nkmndf/flvG5 . vf;u/L /fHo kIfnfO{ /fHodf j]uf/Lsf] ;d:ofs:tf] 5 /, o;nfO{ ef}uf]lns If]q, cfly{s ;d'bfo, ln+u,pd]/ ;d]tsf] cfwf/df tYofÍ k]z ug{ cfjZos kb{5 .

• wf/f & M sfdsf] plrt tyf ;'xfpbf] cj:yf

k|To]s JolQmsf] sfo{ ;'xfp“bf]] tyf Gofof]lrtcj:yf pkef]u ug]{ clwsf/nfO{ o; cg'aGwsf /fHokIf:jLsf/ u5{g\ h;n] ljz]if u/L lgDg s'/fx? ;'lglZrtug]{5g\ M-s_ ;a} dhb'/x?nfO{ Go"gtd\ kfl/>lds lbO{ lgDg

s'/f k|bfg ug]{ M!= s'g} k|sf/sf] e]befjlagf ;dfg d"Nosf] sfo{sf nflu

plrt Hofnf tyf ;dfg kfl/>ldsM ljz]if u/Lgf/Lx?nfO{ k'?ifn] pkef]u u/]eGbf lgDg sfo{cj:yfglbg ;dfg sfo{sf nflu ;dfg tna;lxt ;'lglZrtug]{,

@= o; cg'aGwsf Joj:yfg'?k pgLx? Pj+ pgsfkl/jf/nfO{ /fd|f] hLjg:t/,

-v_ ;'/lIft Pj+ :jf:Yo sfo{cj:yfM-u_ jl/i7tf tyf of]Uotfsf cfwf/df afx]s k|To]s

JolQmnfO{ plrt pRrQ/ :t/df k'Ug ;dfg df}sfÙ-3_ lj>fd, km';{b tyf sfo{306fsf] plrt ;Ldf+sg

tyf tna;lxtsf] cfjlws tyf ;fj{hlgsljbf k|bfg ug]{ .

g"tg yklnof

PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnsf] å}dfl;s k|sfzgcleofg ;dfrf/

;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 5

cf}krfl/s tyf cgf}krfl/s jhf/ of ;+:yfnfO{ h'gJolQmn] cfˆgf] dhb'/L j]Rb5 To:tf x/]s JolQmnfO{/f]huf/Lsf] clwsf/n] /Iff ub{5 cyf{t\ wf/f ^ / & sf]Joj:yfaf6 To:tf JolQmnfO{ ;'/lIft u/]sf] x'G5 . o;df-!_ ;Ddfgk"j{s sfd ug]{ cj:yfsf] clwsf/-@_ :jtGqtfk"j{s 5fg]sf] Joj;fo ug]{ clwsf/-#_ kof{Kt kfl/>ldssf] xs-$_ ;Lldt sfd ug]{ cjlw / 5'l§sf] ;dosf] ;d]t

kfl/>lds kfpg] xs-%_ plQs} d"Nosf] p:t} sfdsf] ;dfg Hofnf /

kfl/>ldssf] clwsf/-^_ ;dfg Jojxf/sf] xs-&_ ;'/lIft / sfdsf] cj:yfsf] -jftfj/0f_ xs ;dfj]z

ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L bf;Tj, sd}of k|yf of hjh{:tLsfdnfO{ ;d]t wf/f & n] lgif]w u/]sf] 5 .pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldlt cfˆgf] ljrf/df k|i6 5 ls

/f]huf/Laf6 :j]R5frf/L 9+un] s;}nfO{ jvf{:t ug{;ls+b}g . s;}nfO{ /f]huf/Laf6 x6fOPsf] 5 eg] kLl8tkIfn] Goflos ;'ljwf kfpg'k5{ .

••••• wf/f * M 6«]8 o'lgog;DaGwL clwsf/!= o; cg'aGwsf /fHokIf lgDg s'/f ;'lglZrt ug{

k|lt1f ub{5g\ M-s_ cfˆgf] cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs lxt /Iff ug{ To:tf

;DalGwt ;+u7gsf lgodx?cGtu{t dfq cfkm"n]5fg]sf dhb'/ ;+3 :yfkgf ug]{ Pj+ To;df ;lDdlntx'g] k|To]s JolQmsf] clwsf/ 5 . sfg'gn] tf]s]sftyf /fli6«o ;'/Iff cyjf hgJoj:yf cyjf c?sf]:jtGqtf Pj+ clwsf/ /Iffug{ k|hftflGqs ;dfhdfo; clwsf/sf] pkef]udf cfjZos /f]s afx]scGo s'g} ;Ldf+sg nufOg]5}g .

-v_ dhb'/ ;+3sf /fli6«o ;+3 cyjf kl/;+3 :yfkgfug]{ tyf o:tf kl/;+3sf cGt/f{li6«o dhb'/;+u7g :yfkgf ug]{ cyjf To;df ;lDdlntx'g] clwsf/ .

-u_ sfg'gn] tf]s]sf tyf /fli6«o ;'/Iff cyjfhgJoj:yf cyjf c?sf :jtGqtf Pj+ clwsf//Iff ug{ k|hftflGqs ;dfhdf cfjZos /f]safx]s :jtGqtfk"j{s sfo{ ug]{ dhb'/ ;+3sf]clwsf/df cGo s'g} ;Ldf+sg nfu" x'g]5}g .

-3_ s'g} Pp6f b]zsf] lgod cg'?k pkof]u u/]sfv08df x8tfn ug]{ clwsf/ .

@= ;}lgs, k|x/L cyjf /fHo–k|zf;gsf ;b:oåf/f oLclwsf/ pkef]u ubf{ sfg'gL aGb]h nufpg o;wf/fn] k"j{/f]s nufpg] 5}g .

kIf /fi6«sf] k|ltj]bg d"NofÍg ubf{ pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltsf]sfd w]/} sf/0faf6 ;lhnf] 5 . klxnf] t pQm wf/fsf]xsdf /fHosf] sfo{If]q ;Lldt x'G5 / ;d:of lglZrtx'G5 . /, of] ;fwf/0f x'G5 . ;+u7g :jtGq 5 of 5}g,x8\tfn ug]{ xs 5 of 5}g . slt k|ltzt dhb'/n];+u7gsf] ;b:otf lnPsf 5g\ . /fHodf sltkN6dhb'/sf] x8\tfn eof] < /fHokIfn] cfˆgf] ;+ljwfg,sfg'gdf 6«]8o'lgog clwsf/ lbPsf] 5 of 5}g, 5 eg]klg Jojxf/df ;f] clwsf/ dhb'/xn] pkef]u ug{ ;dy{eP ls ePgg\ eg]/ k|i6 x'g cfp5 . o;afx]s klg pQm/fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] ILO, Social Charter Committee,

European Court of Human Rights, International

Human Rights Commission sf cg'ej, pgLx?sfghL/af6 w]/} ;xfotf lng] u/]sf] 5 .k|To]s JolQmsf] :jtGq eP/ af“Rgsf nflu sfd ug]{clwsf/ -wf/f ^_, sfdsf] plrt tyf ;'xfpbf] cj:yfpkef]u ug]{ k|To]s JolQmsf] clwsf/ -wf/f &_ Pj+ cfkm"n]dg k/]sf] 6«]8 o"lgogdf nfUg / sfg"'gL?kdf x8tfnug]{ k|To]s dhb'/sf] clwsf/ -wf/f *_ cGof]Gofl>t 5g\ .

• • • • • wf/f ( M ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs

o; cg'aGwsf /fHokIf k|To]s JolQmsf] ;fdflhsaLdf ;d]t ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/ :jLsf/ ub{5g\ .;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] hGd / lj:tf/ ljsl;t b]zx? cyf{t\cf}Bf]lus d'n'sx?af6 ePsf] xf] . j]/f]huf/L eQf cflbljsl;t b]zx?df ;'ne ePklg ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zx?dfoL eQfx? ;xh, ;'ne / Jofks x'“b}gg\ . o;sf] sf/0fcfly{s tyf k|fs[lts >f]t dfly yf]kg]{ ul/G5 .jf:tjdf /fHo sNof0fsf/L eg]kl5 ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf]Joj:yf ug'{ /fHosf] k/d\ st{Jo xf] . ;fdflhs ;'/IffnfO{dxŒj lbO{ o;sf] lj:tf/ ub}{ hfg cfhsf] ;Eo b]zsf]sfo{qmd leq kb{5 . jf:tjdf dfgj ljsf;n] g} /fHosf]cfly{s ljsf;df d2t ub{5 .

o;}n] ICESCR sf] wf/f ( n] k]G;g / ljleGgnfe (Benefit) ;DaGwL ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] sNkgfu/]sf] 5 . oL nfex?df j]/f]huf/L eQf, lj/fdL eQf,;'Ts]/L eQf, cfjf; u[xsf] eQf, jRrf kfngkf]if0f ug]{eQf, ljwjf eQf, b'3{6gfdf k/]sf] cj:yfdf kfOg] eQf,


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 6

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] eQf, ckfË eQf cflb kb{5g\ . o;sf]cefjdf dflg;sf] :jtGq eP/ af“Rg kfpg] xs,:jtGqtfsf] xs / JolQmsf] ;'/Iffsf] xs ;Lldt x'G5 .eo / cefjsf] jftfj/0fdf dflg;n] af“Rg] sNkgf ug{klg ufx|f] x'G5 . o;}n] a]/f]huf/Lsf] e"tsf] 8/ / ef]hg,:jf:Yo / lzIff ;d]tsf cefjaf6 dflg; d'Qm x'grfxG5 .••••• wf/f !) M kl/jf/, cfdfx? tyf afnaflnsf

;'/Iff

!= kl/jf/ ;dfhsf] k|fs[lts Pj+ d"ne"t ;d"xut OsfOePsfn] ljz]if u/L o;sf] :yfkgfsf nflu tyfo;df lge{/ afnaflnsfsf] x]/rfx Pj+ lzIffsf] bfloTjx'“bf To;nfO{ ;Dej eP;Ddsf] Jofks ;'/Iff tyf;xfotf lbg'kb{5 . OR5's j/jw'sf] :jtGq d+h'/Laf6dfq ljjfx ;DkGg ul/g'kb{5 .

@= lzz' hGdg' cl3 / kl5sf] plrt cjlwdf dftfx?nfO{ljz]if ;'/Iff k|bfg ul/g'kb{5 . o:tf cjlwdf sd{rf/Ldftfx?nfO{ tnaL labf cyjf kof{Kt ;fdflhs;'/Iff;lxtsf] labf lbOg'kb{5 .

#= lkt[Tj Pj+ dft[Tj cyjf cGo cj:yfsf sf/0faf6lagfe]befj ;Dk"0f{ afnaflnsf tyf lszf]/x?sfnflu ;'/Iff Pj+ ;xfotfsf ljz]if pkfo ul/g'kb{5 .cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs zf]if0faf6 afnaflnsf tyflszf]/x?sf] /Iff ul/g'kb{5 . ltgsf g}ltstf cyjf:jf:YonfO{ xflgsf/s / hLjgnfO{ vt/fk"0f{ x'g]cyjf ltgsf ;fdfGo ljsf;nfO{ s'l07t kfg{ ;Sg]/f]huf/ sfo{nfO{ sfg'gtM b08gLo agfOg'kb{5 ./fHox?n] pd]/sf] xb klg tf]Sg'kb{5 h;sf d'lgtnaL–afn>dsf] /f]huf/nfO{ sfg'gåf/f lgif]w ul/g'cyjf b08gLo agfOg'kb{5 .

/fHon] dlxnflj?4 3/leq / aflx/ x'g] lx+;f/f]Sg sfg'gL?kdf / gLltut?kdf s]–s] sbd rfln/x]sf]5, o;sf ] ;kmntf slt 5, dlxnfx? tyfafnaflnsfx?sf] of}g zf]if0f / j]rljvg /f]Sg ;/sf/sfsbd slt k|efjsf/L 5g\, /fHodf ;8sjfnjflnsf(Street Child) sf] ;+Vof j9\b} 5 ls 36\b} 5 < o;sf]nflu ;/sf/n] ul/jL, clzIff, j]/f]huf/L x6fpg sbdrfn]sf] 5 ls 5}g < dlxnfx?sf] ;'Ts]/L ;'ljwf s:tf]5 < jRrf hGdg' cl3 / hGd]kl5 dlxnfx?sf] ;'Ts]/Lljbf, :jf:Yosf] Joj:yf cflbdf ;/sf/n] s:tf] sbd

rfn]sf] 5, afn>d / afn cZnLn lkmNdsf] ;d:ofs:tf] 5 < ;/sf/ o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ slt ;kmn5 < afnljjfx /f]Sg ;/sf/sf] sfo{qmd s]–s] 5 <dlxnfx?dfly jnfTsf/ ug]{x?lj?4 /fHon] s8f sbdrfn]sf] 5 ls 5}g < cflb ljifodf /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn]hfgsf/L lng]5 .

;fdlGt ;dfhn] s8f;“u hsl8Psf] lkt[;QfTds;dfhdf cfDbfgL, ;DklQ, lzIff / :jf:Yosf ;'ljwfx?dfdlxnfsf] kx'“r sd x'G5 . afa' cfdfsf] ;DklQdf 5f]/Lsf]sd dfq sfg'gL xs x'G5 . To;}u/L pgLx?sf] ;dfhdf/ kl/jf/df lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ x'“b}g . jf:tjdf dlxnfx?3/leq / 3/aflx/ dgUu] sfd ub{5g\ / cem pgLx?n]a9L sfd u/]/ klg h; kfp“b}gg\ . w]/} / l56f]–l56f];Gtfg x' “bf jRrfx?sf] x]/rfx k'Ub}g . aRrfx?s'kf]if0fsf] df/af6 kLl8t x'G5g\ . o;}n] afnaflnsfx?/ dlxnfx?sf] :jtGq eP/ af“Rg] clwsf/sf nflu o:tf]zf]lift / kLl8t cj:yfaf6 pDsg rfxG5g\ . o;}n]pgLx?nfO{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs clwsf/ rflxG5 .

••••• wf/f !! M kof{Kt hLjg:t/sf] xs

!= kof{Kt ef]hg, n'uf tyf cfjf; ;d]t k|To]s JolQmsf]cfkm" :jo+ tyf cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] kof{Kt hLjg:t/Pj+ hLjgsf cj:yfdf lg/Gt/ ;'wf/sf] clwsf/nfO{o; cg'aGwsf /fHokIf :jLsf/ ub{5g\ . /fHokIfn]:jtGq d~h'/Ldf cfwfl/t cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]usf]cTofjZos dxŒj :jLsf/ ub}{ o; clwsf/sf] k|flKt;'lglZrt ug{ plrt kfOnf ;fg]{5g\ .

@= ef]saf6 d'Qm x'g] k|To]s JolQmsf] d"ne"t clwsf/:jLsf/ ub}{ o; cg'aGwsf /fHokIfn] JolQmut ?kdftyf cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]udf lgDg s'/fsf nflu cfjZospkfo tyf tf]lsPsf sfo{qmd ;d]t cjnDag ug]{5g\ M

-s_ k|fljlws cyjf j}1flgs 1fgsf] k"0f{ pkof]uaf6kf]if0fl;4fGtsf] 1fg k|rf/ u/L tyf k|fs[lts;Dkbfdf ;fx|} k|efjsf/L ljsf; tyf pkof]uk|fKt ug]{ lsl;daf6 s[lif Joj:yfsf] ljsf;cyjf ;'wf/ u/L vfBfGgsf] pTkfbg, ;+ro Pj+ljt/0fsf] tl/sfdf ;'wf/ ug]{,

-v_ vfBfGg cfoft tyf lgof{tstf{ b]z b'a}sf;d:ofdf Wofg lb+b} cfjZostf x]/L ljZje/vfBfGgsf] ;dfg ljt/0f ;'lglZrt ug]{ .


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 7

wf/f !! JolQmsf] cfwf/e"t cfjZostf;“u hf]l8Psf] 5/ ef]hg, n'uf, cfjf;sf] clwsf/ lgDgtd\ tx -:t/_ sf]pkfef]u af“Rgsf] nflu cfjZos zt{ xf] egL ;f] /fi6«;+3Lo;ldltn] hf]8 lbPsf] x'G5 .

o:t} u};;x?n] cfk"lt{ u/]sf ljleGg ;fdfu|Laf6pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldlt ;'lzlIft x'G5 / cf̂ gf] dxŒjk"0f{ lg0f{odfk'Ug ;lhnf] x'G5 . k|df0fsf] nflu o:t} ;fdfu|Lsf] d2taf68f]d]lgsg /fHo / kgfdfnfO{ wf/f !! cGtu{t cfjf;sf]xssf] ;DaGwdf /fHon] cf̂ gf] bfloTjsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] 5egL pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] /fo JoQm u/]sf] lyof] .

pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] ef]hgsf] xssf;DaGwdf General Discussion u/fPsf] lyof] .o;af6 ljleGg d'2fx? pkl:yt eP . o;}sf] cfwf/dfklg /fHosf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] hf‘Rb5/ 5nkmndf Nofp5 . ef]hgsf] xs k"/f x'g g;Sg'df>f]tsf] cefj xf] of /fHosf] cfˆgf] bfloTjdf /fHosf]x]nr]qmfO{+ of sdhf]/Laf6 ePsf] xf] eGg] s'/f pQm /fi6«;+3Lo;ldltn] 5fgjLg ug]{ ub{5 . ;fy}, /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn]cGt/f{li6«o Ph]G;Lx?nfO{ klg clgsfndf of /fli6«oljklQdf ;+jlGwt /fHonfO{ ;xof]usf nflu cfx\jfg ub{5 .

k|To]s JolQmsf] ef]hgsf] xsn] ;+VofTds /u''0ffTds -cfjZos kf}li6s, k|f]l6g;lxt k"/f Sofnf]/L_lx;faaf6 kof{Kt ef]hg hgfp5 . kof{Kt ef]hgdf kx'“rsf]cefjsf sf/0faf6 ef]s / s'kf]if0f x'g] ub{5 / rfF8} d[To'x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 . t/ klg ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zx?df lnËe]bn] ubf{ dlxnfx?n] kof{Kt ef]hg -;+VofTds / u'0ffTdslx;fan]_ gkfpg ;Sb5g\ .

o;}n] cfkm\gf] ;+:s[lt cg';f/ ;+VofTds tyfu'0ffTdstf ;lxt kof{Kt ef]hgsf] lgoldt tyf :yfoL?kdf JolQmsf] kx'“r x'g'kb{5 . eoaf6 d'Qm, ;DdflgthLjgsf nflu of] xsn] pRrtd\ zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s:jf:Yosf] ;'lglZrtf ub{5 .

ESCR sf] ;f/sf] ?kdf o;sf] wf/f !! nfO{lng] ul/G5 . of] clwsf/n] g} dflg;sf] :jtGq eP/af“Rg kfpg] xsnfO{ ;'lglZrt ub{5 . ICESCR nfO{/fHon] cg'df]bg u/]kl5 JolQmsf] ef]hgsf] xssf ;DaGwdfljz]if sfg'g agfP/ of ;+ljwfgsf] df}lns xsdf g}k|Tofe"t u/]/ dflg;sf] :jtGq eP/ af“Rg kfpg] xstyf JolQmsf] ef]hgsf] xs ;'lglZrt ug'{ cfhsf]cfjZostf xf] .

••••• wf/f !@ M zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s :jf:Yosf] xs

-!_ zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;s :jf:Yosf] pRrtd\ k|fKt:t/sf] pkef]u ug]{ clwsf/

-@_ -s_ lzz' d[To'b/, lzz' d[To' 36fpg] tyf afnssf]:jf:Yo ljsf;sf] Joj:yf,

-v_ jftfj/0fLo tyf cf}Bf]lus ;/;kmfOsf] ;Dk"0f{ kIfsf];'wf/,

-u_ k|sf]k, dxfdf/L, k]zfut tyf cGo /f]ux?sf]/f]syfd, pkrf/ tyf lgoGq0f,

-3_ la/fdL ePsf] cj:yfdf ;a}nfO{ lrlsT;f ;]jf tyfx]/rfx ;'lglZrt ug]{ cj:yfsf] ;[hgf .

uf‘;, jf;, skf;, lzIff h:t} :jf:Yo klg JolQmnfO{geO{ gx'g] s'/f xf] . /fHon] hgtfsf] :jf:Yosf] lhDdflnPsf] x'G5 . JolQmsf] zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s :jf:Yok|fKt ug'{ p;sf] xs x'g cfp5 eg] /fHosf] bfloTjleq kb{5 .

o; wf/fsf ;DaGwdf pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn]cfˆgf] rf;f] k"0f{?kdf b]vfp“b} cfPsf] 5 M vf;u/L ljifodf5nkmn ubf{, d'2fsf] ;"rL (List of issues) k7fp“bf,cfˆgf] lh1f;f k|s6 ubf{{, k|Zg ubf{ . ;fy} ;'emfjx?lgisif{ cjnf]sg (Concluding observation) df lbg]ub{5 . k|df0fsf] nflu 8fS6/, lSnlgs, xl:k6n, k|fylds:jf:Yo s]Gb|sf] Joj:yf hg;+Vof cg'kftdf x'g'kb{5 .;x/ / ufp‘sf hgtfn] ;dfg?kdf :jf:Yosf] ;'ljwfkfpg'k5{ . cfjZos k/] :jf:yf]krf/ ;xfotf of]hgfsf]Joj:yfaf6 hf]lvddf k/]sf sd >f]tsf kl/jf/, Ho]i7gful/s, ckfË, lk5l8Psf hfltnfO{ ;xof]u k|bfg ug{/fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] rf;f] lng] ub{5 . dft[ tyf lzz'sf]d[To'b/ sd x'g'kg]{, k|hgg xs cfdfsf] xs x'g'kg]{,jfnjflnsfx? Vff;u/L hf]lvddf k/]sf jfnjflnsfx? -lk5l8Psf] hfltsf], sd >f]t ePsf kl/jf/sf ;Gtfg,ckfË_ nfO{ kf}li6s cfxf/af6 jl~rt gug]{ /fHosf] bfloTjxf] eGg] /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltsf] 7x/ 5 . o;}u/L k|hgg\sf]:jf:Yff]krf/sf] kof{Kt Joj:yf klg x'g'kg]{5 .

••••• wf/f !# M lzIffsf] clwsf/!= kIf /fi6«x? k|To]s JolQmsf] lzIffsf] clwsf/nfO{

:jLsf/ ub{5g\ .@= -s_ ;a}sf nflu k|fylds lzIff clgjfo{ tyf lgMz'Ns

pknAw x'g]5Ù-v_k|fljlws tyf Joj;flos dfWolds lzIff;d]tljleGg ?kdf dfWolds lzIff ;d'lrt pkfoåf/f


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 8

vf; u/L lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] k|ultzLn cjnDjgaf6;a}sf nflu ;fdfGotM k|fKo tyf kx'“ro'Qm agfOg]5Ù

-u_ ;a}sf nflu ;dfgtfsf cfwf/df k|To]s plrtpkfoåf/f vf;u/L lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] k|ultzLncjnDjgaf6 pRr lzIff ;dfg ?kdf kx'“ro'QmagfOg]5Ù

-3_ k|fylds lzIff k|fKt gu/]sf jf k"0f{ cjlw k"/fgu/]sfx?sf nflu oyf;+ej d"ne"t lzIffnfO{k|f]T;flxt ul/g] tyf tLa| kfl/g]5Ù

-ª_ ;a} txdf kf7zfnf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;nfO{ lqmofzLn?kdf cjnDjg ul/g]5, 5fqj[lQsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf:yfkgf ul/g]5 tyf lzIf0f sd{rf/Lsf] ef}ltscj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/ ;'wf/ ul/g]5 .

/fHosf nflu lzIff g} wg xf] . o;n] b]zeQm,k|ultzLn, cg'zfl;t, pTkfbs / bIf hgzlQm pTkfbgug{ dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]N5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+s[lts,/fhg}lts ljsf;h:tf] jx'cfoflds ljsf; hgr]tgfdfe/ kb{5, hgr]tgf lzIffsf] /fd|f] :t/df e/ kg'{kg]{x'G5 . o;n] kof{Kt ljBfno, pRr cg';Gwfg, /fd|f]kfl/>lds, /fd|f] jftfj/0faf6 /fd|f] :t/sf] lzIff kfOG5 .o;}af6 lbuf] ljsf; / ;dfhdf dfgjclwsf/sf] pRr;Ddfg ug]{ k|j[lQ x'G5 . af‘r / af“Rg b]pm eGg] efjgf /;dembf/Lsf] j[l4 x'G5 . o;sf/0f cfly{s, ;fdflhstyf ;f+s[lts clwsf/n] lzIff tyf ;f+s[lts clwsf/nfO{klg dxŒj lbPsf] kfOG5 . lzIffn] g} JolQmsf] af“Rg] xs;[li6 ub{5 . o;}n] o;sf] ;Ddfg ug]{, kfng ug]{ / ;'/Iffug]{ sfo{ ub{5 .

x/]s gful/ssf] /fd|f] lzIff kfpg' / cfˆgf];+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug'{ p:fsf] g};lu{s clwsf/ xf] . of]/fHosf] klg bfloTj xf] . ;a}sf] nflu lgz'Ns / clgjfo{k|fylds lzIff kfpg' lzIffsf] cfwf/e"t clwsf/ xf] .

••••• wf/f !% ;f+:s[lts xs

!= o; k|lt1fkqsf kIf/fi6«x? k|To]s JolQmsf lgDgs'/fsf] clwsf/ :jLsf/ u5{g\ M–

-s_ ;f+s[lts hLjgdf ;xefuL x'g],-v_ j}1flgs k|ult tyf To;sf pkof]usf] kmfObf

pkof]u ug]{,-u_ cfkm" n]vs ePsf] s'g} j}1flgs, ;flxlTos

tyf snfTds pTkfbgaf6 pTkGg x'g] g}ltstyf ef}lts lxtx?sf ;'/Iffaf6 kmfObf kfpg] .

hghfltsf] efiff, lnlk, snf ;+:s[ltsf nflu /fHon]slt Jofks Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 < x/]s hfltn] cfˆgf]efiffsf dfWodaf6 lzIff lng] Joj:yf 5 ls 5}g < /fHo;/sf/ / k|fGtLo ;/sf/n] b]zsf] ;+:s[lt / hghfltsf];+:s[lt;d]t k|rf/–k|;f/ ug]{ kof{Kt /f;L vr{ ug]{ ub{5of ub}{g < /fHodf k':tsfno, Do"lhod, v]ns"bsfnflu /+uzfnf, gf6\ozfnf cflb kof{Kt dfqfdf pknAw5 < o:t} lj1fgsf] k|ultsf] k|rf/k|;f/ / j}1flgsk|of]u slt Jofks 5 < To;}u/L k]6]G6 /fO6\; ofk|ltlnlk clwsf/ slt k|efjsf/L 9+un] nfu" x'G5 <cflb s'/fdf pQm /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] Wofg lb+b} cfPsf]5 . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] ;+:s[lt, efiff, lnlk nf]k x'“bfhflt g} nf]k x'g] 8/ x'G5 . clxn] c? cfly{s ;fdflhsxseGbf efiff, ;+:s[lt, hfltsf] klxrfgsf] xsnfO{ ;zQm?kdf p7fPsf] b]lvG5 .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[ls clwsf/sf nflucfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[ls clwsf/sf nflucfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[ls clwsf/sf nflucfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[ls clwsf/sf nflucfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[ls clwsf/sf nflucGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+s[ltsclwsf/;DaGwL /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldlt kIf/fi6«sf] cfly{s,;fdflhs clwsf/sf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ lgsfo xf] . cfly{s,;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts xsx?nfO{ ljZjJofkL ?kdfsfg'g tyf Jojxf/df ptfg{ ;f] /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldlt nfu]sf]x'G5 . /fHosf] s]Gb| txdf / :yfgLo txdf cfly{s,;fdflhs clwsf/ ;DalGwt hgtfx?n] ;'k/Lj]If0ful//xf];\ eGg] /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] rfx]sf] x'G5 .

;f] /fi6«;+3Lo ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] lgisif{ cjnf]sgdf;a} /fHonfO{ bf]xf]¥ofP/ eGg] ub{5 ls of] lgisif{cjnf]sgnfO{ ;a} If]qut txdf vf;u/L sd{rf/Lju{,Gofok|zf;g, gful/s ;dfhdf Jofks k|rf/ k|;f/ug'{kb{5 . /fHon] $ jif{kl5 kIf/fi6«sf] x}l;otdf lbOg]l/kf]6{sf] d:of}bf ubf{ clgjfo{ ?kdf gful/s ;dfhsf]k|ltlglwTj u/fpg'kb{5 . /fHosf] dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{;';DdGg / ;jn ;fy} cfly{s ;fdflhs clwsf/ x]g]{sfg'gL Joj:yf klg x'g'kb{5 . dfgjclwsf/ lzIff Jofksug'{kb{5 ,cflb .

o;/L ljZjJofkL ?kdf cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf;f+:s[lts clwsf/x?sf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ ;+:yf /fi6«;+3Lo;ldlt xf] h;af6 dflg;sf] afRg kfpg] xssf] nflurflxg] cfly{s ;fdflhs clwsf/x? ;'lglZrt x'G5g\ .-n]vs—P=cfO{= g]kfnsf ;+:yfks / ;Nnfxsf/ x'g'x'G5_


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 9

g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{x?n] jf/

fsf kqsf/ jL/]Gb| zfxsf] xTof u/sf 5g\ .

PeLGo'h 6]lnlehg, g]kfn PkmPdsf jf/ l:yt

; D j f b b f t f

zfxnfO{ ckx/0f

u/ ]s} lbg ut

c;f]h !* ut]

uf]nL xfgL xTof

u/] . dfcf]jfbL

cfkm }n ] u/ ]sf ]

5fgljg cg';f/

zfxsf ] xTofdf

dfcf]jfbL lhNnf

;b:o nfnjxfb'/

rf }w/L, /fd

Psjfn ;xgL /

s'Gbg kmf}hbf/sf]

k|ToIf ;+nUgtf /

x]sf] 5 .

p g n f O {

jf/fsf] lkk|f jhf/jf6 ckx/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

;f]xL lbg h+undf nuL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ /

fd Psjfn ;xgLn] kqsf/ zfxsf] s~r6 /

5ftLdf Ps Ps uf]nL k|xf/ u/]sf lyP . cgL

kqsf/ jL/]Gb| zfxsf] xTof

zfxsf] ;jnfO{ glhs} vfN6f] vlg k'/]sf lyP .

dfcf]jfbLn] JolQmjfbL / c/fhs k|j[ltsf sf/

0f zfxsf] ckx/0f u/L xTof ePsf] pNn]v

u/ ]sf ] 5 .

kqsf/ zfxsf]

xTofsf] lj/f]wdf

g]kfn kqsf/

dxf;+3 nufot

d ' n s e / s f

k qs f / x?n ]

b]ze/ k|bz{g ub}{

k q s f / x ?

dflysf] cfqmd0f

jGb u/L

;fj{hgLs ?kdf

dfkmL dfUg' kg]{ /

d[tssf kl/jf/

nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbg

dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

ckx/0f u/]sf]

Ps dlxgf;Dd klg /fHo / ck/fwdf ;+nUg

dfcf]jfbLn] xTofsf] jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fPgg\ .

:jlu{o zfxsf kTgL, Ps 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/L

5g\ .


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷10

!) cS6f ]j/ @))& . d[To 'b08 lj?4sf]cGt/f{li6«o lbj; . o;} pknIodf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn-P=cfO{=_ nufot cGo ;+:yfx¿n] ;+;f/jf6} d[To'b08lbg] sfg"g vf/]h ug'{ kg]{ dfu /fVb} zflGtk"0f{ k|bz{gu/]sf 5g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df ut !) cS6f]j/sf lbg PDg]:6LOG6/g];gn g]kfnn] klg d[To' b08 lj?4sf] kfFrf} lbj;sf]cj;/df l5d]sL b]z rLgdf eO/x]sf] d[To'b08 ;DaGwLsfg'gL k|fjwfgsf] vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ sf7df8f}+l:ytlrlgof /fhb'tfjf;df 1fkgkq a'emfof] . P=cfO{= g]kfnsf]cfof]hgfdf lbp;f] @ jh] ef6e6]gL rf]sdf hDdf eP/dfgjclwsf/jfbL kqsf/, sfg"g JojzfoL gful/s;dfhsf k|ltlglw, / sf7df08f}+ l:yt P=cfO{= zfvfsfkbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?sf] ;xefuLtfdf d[To'b08 lj?4gf/f n]lvPsf Kn]sf8{ / Jofg/ ;lxtsf] h'n';n] lrlgofFb'tfjf;df 1fkgkq j'emfpg] sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] ePklg b'tfjf;sf clwsf/Lx?n] 1fkg kq j'em\g dfg]gg\ .sfo{qmddf P=cfO{=sf dxf;lrj rGb|s'df/ clwsf/L,;Nnfxsf/ k|lbk kf]v/]n, dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf k"j{;b:o k|fWofks skLn >]i7, dlxnf k'g:yfkgf s]Gb|sfcWoIf 8f= /]0f' /fhe08f/L, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ u+uf s;h',P=cfO{= g]kfnsf OlGb/f v/]n nufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] .;g\ @))& df hf/L PDg]:6L OG6/g]zgsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bgn];+;f/d} ;a} eGbf j9L dflg;nfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] d'n'ssf];'lrdf lrg cu|k+lQmdf /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . ;g\ @))^df ljZjsf @% b]zdf !,%(! hgf aGbLnfO{ d[To'b08sf];hfoF lbOof] . clxn] klg @),))) dflg;x¿ ljZje/

d[To'b08 vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ lrlgofb'tfjf;df 1fkgkq

d[To'b08sf] k+lQmdf /x]sf 5g\ . %% b]zdf #,*^! hgfnfO{d[To'b08sf] ;hfoF ;'gfOPsf] 5 . !@* b]zn] sfg'g jfJojxf/df d[To'b08 pGd"ng u/]sf sf/0f ;f] ;hfosf]k|of]u u/]gg\ . P=cfO{=sf] tYof+sdf (( b]zn] ;a} lsl;dsf;fwf/0f ck/fwsf nflu sfg'gaf6} d[To'b08 vf/]hL u/]sf]pNn]v 5 . sfg'gaf6} d[To'b08sf] vf/]h ug]{ /fi6«x¿df;g\ @))^ df lkmlnlkG; ylkof] / To;/L sfg'gaf6}d[To'b08 pGd"ng ug]{ /fi6«sf] ;+Vof xfn (( cf}+ k'u]sf]5 . hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf sfof{Gjog ul/Psf d[To'b08sf]s'n ;+Vof dWo] (! k|ltzt ^ j6f b]z qmdzM rLg,O/fg, O/fs, ;'8fg, kfls:tfg / cd]l/sfsf lyP .;+;f/sf ^( b]zn] cem} klg d[To'b08sf] ;hfo lbFb}cfPsf 5g\ .

kflskflskflskflskfls:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\ @))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\ @))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\ @))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\ @))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\ @))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsfgfafnsx¿nfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .gfafnsx¿nfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .gfafnsx¿nfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .gfafnsx¿nfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .gfafnsx¿nfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

kf]v/fdf x:tfIf/ ;+sngO/fsdf eO/x]sf] d[To'b08sf] lj/f]wdf ToxfFsf

k|wfgdGqLnfO{ k7fpgsf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf kf]i6sf8{x?x:tfIf/ ;+sng ug]{ p2]Zon] ;d"x *@ kf]v/fsf]cfof]hgfdf ut c;f]h !@ ut] gofFahf/ rf]sdf x:tfIf/;+sng sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf uof] . pQm sfo{qmddfa'l4lhlj, ;dfh;]jL, ljBfyL{sf ;fy} P=cfO{=sf ;b:ox?n]x:tfIf/ sfo{qmddf efu lnPsf lyP . sfo{qmd P=cfO{;d"x *@ sf ;+of]hs k'0ok|;fb kf}8]nsf] cWoIftfdfePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf P=cfO{= ;d"x *@ sfo{;ldltsfkbflwsf/Lx?sf] ;d]t pkl:ylt lyof] . ;f]xL cj;/dfcleofg klqsf ;d]t ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 11

kl/ro;g\ @))! sf] h'g dlxgfdf ePsf] d[To'b08;g\ @))! sf] h'g dlxgfdf ePsf] d[To'b08;g\ @))! sf] h'g dlxgfdf ePsf] d[To'b08;g\ @))! sf] h'g dlxgfdf ePsf] d[To'b08;g\ @))! sf] h'g dlxgfdf ePsf] d[To'b08

lj?4sf] klxnf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/Plj?4sf] klxnf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/Plj?4sf] klxnf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/Plj?4sf] klxnf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/Plj?4sf] klxnf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/Padf]lhd !# d] @))@ sf lbg O6nLsf] /f]ddf d[To'b08adf]lhd !# d] @))@ sf lbg O6nLsf] /f]ddf d[To'b08adf]lhd !# d] @))@ sf lbg O6nLsf] /f]ddf d[To'b08adf]lhd !# d] @))@ sf lbg O6nLsf] /f]ddf d[To'b08adf]lhd !# d] @))@ sf lbg O6nLsf] /f]ddf d[To'b08lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;~hfn ~hfn ~hfn ~hfn ~hfn (World Coalition against

the Death Penalty) u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;~hfndfu7g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;~hfndfu7g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;~hfndfu7g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;~hfndfu7g ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;~hfndfljleGg d'n'ssf af/ P;f]l;P;g, :yfgLo ;/sf/L lgsfo,ljleGg d'n'ssf af/ P;f]l;P;g, :yfgLo ;/sf/L lgsfo,ljleGg d'n'ssf af/ P;f]l;P;g, :yfgLo ;/sf/L lgsfo,ljleGg d'n'ssf af/ P;f]l;P;g, :yfgLo ;/sf/L lgsfo,ljleGg d'n'ssf af/ P;f]l;P;g, :yfgLo ;/sf/L lgsfo,k]zfut ;+3;+u7g tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ u/L ^$k]zfut ;+3;+u7g tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ u/L ^$k]zfut ;+3;+u7g tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ u/L ^$k]zfut ;+3;+u7g tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ u/L ^$k]zfut ;+3;+u7g tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ u/L ^$;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf;b:o /x]sf 5g\ . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} d[To'b08 pGd"ngsfnflu ljZjJofkL cleofg ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] PDg]:6Lnflu ljZjJofkL cleofg ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] PDg]:6Lnflu ljZjJofkL cleofg ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] PDg]:6Lnflu ljZjJofkL cleofg ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] PDg]:6Lnflu ljZjJofkL cleofg ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] PDg]:6LOG6/g];gn klg ;f] ;~hfnsf] Ps ;b:o /x]sf] 5 .OG6/g];gn klg ;f] ;~hfnsf] Ps ;b:o /x]sf] 5 .OG6/g];gn klg ;f] ;~hfnsf] Ps ;b:o /x]sf] 5 .OG6/g];gn klg ;f] ;~hfnsf] Ps ;b:o /x]sf] 5 .OG6/g];gn klg ;f] ;~hfnsf] Ps ;b:o /x]sf] 5 .

;f]xL ;;f]xL ;;f]xL ;;f]xL ;;f]xL ;~hfnn] ;g\ @))# b]lv k|To]s jif{sf]~hfnn] ;g\ @))# b]lv k|To]s jif{sf]~hfnn] ;g\ @))# b]lv k|To]s jif{sf]~hfnn] ;g\ @))# b]lv k|To]s jif{sf]~hfnn] ;g\ @))# b]lv k|To]s jif{sf]cS6f]j/ !) nfO{ d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf]cS6f]j/ !) nfO{ d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf]cS6f]j/ !) nfO{ d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf]cS6f]j/ !) nfO{ d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf]cS6f]j/ !) nfO{ d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf]¿kdf ljZje/ ljleGg sfo{qmd u/L dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .¿kdf ljZje/ ljleGg sfo{qmd u/L dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .¿kdf ljZje/ ljleGg sfo{qmd u/L dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .¿kdf ljZje/ ljleGg sfo{qmd u/L dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .¿kdf ljZje/ ljleGg sfo{qmd u/L dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .cS6f]a/ !) nfO{ g} pQm lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfpg'df vf;cS6f]a/ !) nfO{ g} pQm lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfpg'df vf;cS6f]a/ !) nfO{ g} pQm lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfpg'df vf;cS6f]a/ !) nfO{ g} pQm lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfpg'df vf;cS6f]a/ !) nfO{ g} pQm lbj;sf ¿kdf dgfpg'df vf;ljz]if sf/0f 5}g, tyflk of] dlxgfdf dfgj clwsf/ljz]if sf/0f 5}g, tyflk of] dlxgfdf dfgj clwsf/ljz]if sf/0f 5}g, tyflk of] dlxgfdf dfgj clwsf/ljz]if sf/0f 5}g, tyflk of] dlxgfdf dfgj clwsf/ljz]if sf/0f 5}g, tyflk of] dlxgfdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGo cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf lbj; gkg]{ ePsf]n];DaGwL cGo cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf lbj; gkg]{ ePsf]n];DaGwL cGo cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf lbj; gkg]{ ePsf]n];DaGwL cGo cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf lbj; gkg]{ ePsf]n];DaGwL cGo cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf lbj; gkg]{ ePsf]n]cfof]hs ;~hfnn] of] ldlt to u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . o;cfof]hs ;~hfnn] of] ldlt to u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . o;cfof]hs ;~hfnn] of] ldlt to u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . o;cfof]hs ;~hfnn] of] ldlt to u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . o;cfof]hs ;~hfnn] of] ldlt to u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . o;lbj;nfO{ o'/f]lkog o'lgog / sfplG;n ckm o'/f]kn]lbj;nfO{ o'/f]lkog o'lgog / sfplG;n ckm o'/f]kn]lbj;nfO{ o'/f]lkog o'lgog / sfplG;n ckm o'/f]kn]lbj;nfO{ o'/f]lkog o'lgog / sfplG;n ckm o'/f]kn]lbj;nfO{ o'/f]lkog o'lgog / sfplG;n ckm o'/f]kn]cflwsfl/s ¿kdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .cflwsfl/s ¿kdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .cflwsfl/s ¿kdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .cflwsfl/s ¿kdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .cflwsfl/s ¿kdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

d[To'b08 lj?4sf] kfFrf}+ cGt/f{li6«o lbj; – !) cS6f]j/@))& -@# c;f]h @)^$_

ljutsf jif{x¿df em}+ o; jif{ klg !) cS6f]j/sfljutsf jif{x¿df em}+ o; jif{ klg !) cS6f]j/sfljutsf jif{x¿df em}+ o; jif{ klg !) cS6f]j/sfljutsf jif{x¿df em}+ o; jif{ klg !) cS6f]j/sfljutsf jif{x¿df em}+ o; jif{ klg !) cS6f]j/sflbg ljZje/ g} d[To'b08 lj?4df ljleGg sfo{qmdsf]lbg ljZje/ g} d[To'b08 lj?4df ljleGg sfo{qmdsf]lbg ljZje/ g} d[To'b08 lj?4df ljleGg sfo{qmdsf]lbg ljZje/ g} d[To'b08 lj?4df ljleGg sfo{qmdsf]lbg ljZje/ g} d[To'b08 lj?4df ljleGg sfo{qmdsf]cfof]hgf u/L of] lbj; dgfOFb}5 . ;g\ !(^! df :yfkgfcfof]hgf u/L of] lbj; dgfOFb}5 . ;g\ !(^! df :yfkgfcfof]hgf u/L of] lbj; dgfOFb}5 . ;g\ !(^! df :yfkgfcfof]hgf u/L of] lbj; dgfOFb}5 . ;g\ !(^! df :yfkgfcfof]hgf u/L of] lbj; dgfOFb}5 . ;g\ !(^! df :yfkgfePb]lv g} d[To'b08sf] pGd"ngsf nflu sfo{/t / d[To'b08ePb]lv g} d[To'b08sf] pGd"ngsf nflu sfo{/t / d[To'b08ePb]lv g} d[To'b08sf] pGd"ngsf nflu sfo{/t / d[To'b08ePb]lv g} d[To'b08sf] pGd"ngsf nflu sfo{/t / d[To'b08ePb]lv g} d[To'b08sf] pGd"ngsf nflu sfo{/t / d[To'b08lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;~hfnsf] ;b:o /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«olj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;~hfnsf] ;b:o /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«olj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;~hfnsf] ;b:o /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«olj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;~hfnsf] ;b:o /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«olj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;~hfnsf] ;b:o /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«odfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnn] o;dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnn] o;dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnn] o;dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnn] o;dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnn] o;jif{sf] !) cS6f]j/ -cyf{t\ d[To'b08 lj?jif{sf] !) cS6f]j/ -cyf{t\ d[To'b08 lj?jif{sf] !) cS6f]j/ -cyf{t\ d[To'b08 lj?jif{sf] !) cS6f]j/ -cyf{t\ d[To'b08 lj?jif{sf] !) cS6f]j/ -cyf{t\ d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o4sf] cGt/f{li6«o4sf] cGt/f{li6«o4sf] cGt/f{li6«o4sf] cGt/f{li6«olbj;_ sf lbg d[To'b08 lj?4df ;+;f/e/ g} ljljwlbj;_ sf lbg d[To'b08 lj?4df ;+;f/e/ g} ljljwlbj;_ sf lbg d[To'b08 lj?4df ;+;f/e/ g} ljljwlbj;_ sf lbg d[To'b08 lj?4df ;+;f/e/ g} ljljwlbj;_ sf lbg d[To'b08 lj?4df ;+;f/e/ g} ljljwsfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ub}{5 .sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ub}{5 .sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ub}{5 .sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ub}{5 .sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ub}{5 .d[To'b08sf] ljZjJofkL cj:yf ;g\ @))^ df d[To'b08 (Death Penalty in 2006)

• @),))) dflg;x¿ ljZje/ d[To'b08sf] k+lQmdf /x]sf 5g\ .• %% b]zdf #,*^! hgfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] ;hfoF

;'gfOof] .• @% b]zdf !,%(! hgf aGbLnfO{ d[To'b08sf] ;hfoF

lbOof] . of] ;+Vof ;g\ @))% df @@ b]zdf lbOPsf]d[To'b08sf] s'n ;+Vof @,!$* eGbf 36]sf] 5 .

• !@* b]zn] sfg'g jf Jojxf/df d[To'b08 pGd"ngu/]sf sf/0f ;f] ;hfosf] k|of]u u/]gg\ .

• (( b]zn] ;a} lsl;dsf ;fwf/0f ck/fwsf nflusfg'gaf6} d[To'b08 vf/]hL u/] . sfg'gaf6}d[To'b08sf] vf/]h ug]{ /fi6«x¿df ;g\ @))^ dflkmlnlkG; ylkof] / To;/L sfg'gaf6} d[To'b08pGd"ng ug]{ /fi6«sf] ;+Vof xfn (( cf}+ k'u]sf] 5 .

• hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf sfof{Gjog ul/Psf d[To'b08sf] s'n;+Vof dWo] (! k|ltzt ^j6f b]z qmdzM rLg,O/fg, O/fs, ; '8fg,kfls:tfg / cd]l/sfsflyP .

• ^( b ]zn ] cem } klgd[To'b08sf] ;hfosf] k|of]uub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

• kfls:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\kfls:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\kfls:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\kfls:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\kfls:tfg / O/fgdf ;g\@))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf@))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf@))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf@))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsf@))^ df !* jif{ d'lgsfgfafnsx¿nfO { ;d ]tgfafnsx¿nfO { ;d ]tgfafnsx¿nfO { ;d ]tgfafnsx¿nfO { ;d ]tgfafnsx¿nfO { ;d ]td[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .d[To'b08 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

gf]6Mv of] ;+Vof PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf]

;+Vof xf] . oyfy{ ;+Vof of] eGbf a9L x'g ;Sb5 . ;|f]tM PDg]:6LOG6/g];gnsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg @))&

;g\ @))^ sf ] cGTo;Dddf PDg ]:6L;g \ @))^ sf ] cGTo;Dddf PDg ]:6L;g \ @))^ sf ] cGTo;Dddf PDg ]:6L;g \ @))^ sf ] cGTo;Dddf PDg ]:6L;g \ @))^ sf ] cGTo;Dddf PDg ]:6LOG6/g];gnnfO{ k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;+;f/e/ s'nOG6/g];gnnfO{ k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;+;f/e/ s'nOG6/g];gnnfO{ k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;+;f/e/ s'nOG6/g];gnnfO{ k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;+;f/e/ s'nOG6/g];gnnfO{ k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;+;f/e/ s'n!,%(! hgfnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOP!,%(! hgfnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOP!,%(! hgfnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOP!,%(! hgfnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOP!,%(! hgfnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOPsf]df rLgdf dfq slDtdfsf]df rLgdf dfq slDtdfsf]df rLgdf dfq slDtdfsf]df rLgdf dfq slDtdfsf]df rLgdf dfq slDtdfklg !,)!) hgfnfO{ ;f] ;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] slDtdfklg !,)!) hgfnfO{ ;f] ;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] slDtdfklg !,)!) hgfnfO{ ;f] ;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] slDtdfklg !,)!) hgfnfO{ ;f] ;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] slDtdfklg !,)!) hgfnfO{ ;f] ;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] slDtdfklg @,&() hgfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] klg @,&() hgfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] klg @,&() hgfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] klg @,&() hgfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] klg @,&() hgfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] ;hfoF ;'gfO;lsPsf];hfoF ;'gfO;lsPsf];hfoF ;'gfO;lsPsf];hfoF ;'gfO;lsPsf];hfoF ;'gfO;lsPsf]t/ sfof{Gjog x'g afFsL /x]st/ sfof{Gjog x'g afFsL /x]st/ sfof{Gjog x'g afFsL /x]st/ sfof{Gjog x'g afFsL /x]st/ sfof{Gjog x'g afFsL /x]sf] lyof] .f] lyof] .f] lyof] .f] lyof] .f] lyof] .

rLgdf lgbf]{ifrLgdf lgbf]{ifrLgdf lgbf]{ifrLgdf lgbf]{ifrLgdf lgbf]{if gful/sx¿nfO{ klg e]befjk"0f{ gful/sx¿nfO{ klg e]befjk"0f{ gful/sx¿nfO{ klg e]befjk"0f{ gful/sx¿nfO{ klg e]befjk"0f{ gful/sx¿nfO{ klg e]befjk"0f{tj/n] ul/Psf] ;'g'jfO{ kZrft\ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/Psf]tj/n] ul/Psf] ;'g'jfO{ kZrft\ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/Psf]tj/n] ul/Psf] ;'g'jfO{ kZrft\ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/Psf]tj/n] ul/Psf] ;'g'jfO{ kZrft\ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/Psf]tj/n] ul/Psf] ;'g'jfO{ kZrft\ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/Psf]

d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷12

5 . o:tf s]xL 36gf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] hfgsf/Ldf5 . o:tf s]xL 36gf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] hfgsf/Ldf5 . o:tf s]xL 36gf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] hfgsf/Ldf5 . o:tf s]xL 36gf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] hfgsf/Ldf5 . o:tf s]xL 36gf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] hfgsf/LdfcfPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !((% df gLO ;'lagcfPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !((% df gLO ;'lagcfPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !((% df gLO ;'lagcfPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !((% df gLO ;'lagcfPsf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu ;g\ !((% df gLO ;'lag(Nie Shubin) gfds gfds gfds gfds gfds Pshgf o'jf ls;fgnfO{ anfTsf/ Pshgf o'jf ls;fgnfO{ anfTsf/ Pshgf o'jf ls;fgnfO{ anfTsf/ Pshgf o'jf ls;fgnfO{ anfTsf/ Pshgf o'jf ls;fgnfO{ anfTsf// xTof u/]sf] cleof]udf d[To'b08 lbOof] . t/ ToxL jif{/ xTof u/]sf] cleof]udf d[To'b08 lbOof] . t/ ToxL jif{/ xTof u/]sf] cleof]udf d[To'b08 lbOof] . t/ ToxL jif{/ xTof u/]sf] cleof]udf d[To'b08 lbOof] . t/ ToxL jif{/ xTof u/]sf] cleof]udf d[To'b08 lbOof] . t/ ToxL jif{csf]{ JolQmnfO{ ;f]xL 36gfsf ;Gbe{df cg';Gwfg u/]kl5csf]{ JolQmnfO{ ;f]xL 36gfsf ;Gbe{df cg';Gwfg u/]kl5csf]{ JolQmnfO{ ;f]xL 36gfsf ;Gbe{df cg';Gwfg u/]kl5csf]{ JolQmnfO{ ;f]xL 36gfsf ;Gbe{df cg';Gwfg u/]kl5csf]{ JolQmnfO{ ;f]xL 36gfsf ;Gbe{df cg';Gwfg u/]kl5dfq jf:tljs xTof/f kQf nfUg uPsf] / gLO lgbf]{ifdfq jf:tljs xTof/f kQf nfUg uPsf] / gLO lgbf]{ifdfq jf:tljs xTof/f kQf nfUg uPsf] / gLO lgbf]{ifdfq jf:tljs xTof/f kQf nfUg uPsf] / gLO lgbf]{ifdfq jf:tljs xTof/f kQf nfUg uPsf] / gLO lgbf]{if/x]sf] s'/f yfxf x'g uof] . t/ olta]nf;Dd gLOsf] Hofg/x]sf] s'/f yfxf x'g uof] . t/ olta]nf;Dd gLOsf] Hofg/x]sf] s'/f yfxf x'g uof] . t/ olta]nf;Dd gLOsf] Hofg/x]sf] s'/f yfxf x'g uof] . t/ olta]nf;Dd gLOsf] Hofg/x]sf] s'/f yfxf x'g uof] . t/ olta]nf;Dd gLOsf] HofglnO;lsPsf] lyof] / Gofofnon] cfˆgf] uNtL :jLsf/]/lnO;lsPsf] lyof] / Gofofnon] cfˆgf] uNtL :jLsf/]/lnO;lsPsf] lyof] / Gofofnon] cfˆgf] uNtL :jLsf/]/lnO;lsPsf] lyof] / Gofofnon] cfˆgf] uNtL :jLsf/]/lnO;lsPsf] lyof] / Gofofnon] cfˆgf] uNtL :jLsf/]/gLOsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ dfu ug{ cfXjfg u/]sf] lyof] .gLOsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ dfu ug{ cfXjfg u/]sf] lyof] .gLOsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ dfu ug{ cfXjfg u/]sf] lyof] .gLOsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ dfu ug{ cfXjfg u/]sf] lyof] .gLOsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ dfu ug{ cfXjfg u/]sf] lyof] .

csf]{ o:t} 36gfdf ;L emLofËnLg csf]{ o:t} 36gfdf ;L emLofËnLg csf]{ o:t} 36gfdf ;L emLofËnLg csf]{ o:t} 36gfdf ;L emLofËnLg csf]{ o:t} 36gfdf ;L emLofËnLg (She Xianglin)

/ 6]ª\u emLª\3hfd / 6]ª\u emLª\3hfd / 6]ª\u emLª\3hfd / 6]ª\u emLª\3hfd / 6]ª\u emLª\3hfd (Teng Xingsham) nfO{ cTolws nfO{ cTolws nfO{ cTolws nfO{ cTolws nfO{ cTolwsoftgf lbO{ xTofsf] cleof]u k|dfl0ft ul/of] / kIfkftk"0f{oftgf lbO{ xTofsf] cleof]u k|dfl0ft ul/of] / kIfkftk"0f{oftgf lbO{ xTofsf] cleof]u k|dfl0ft ul/of] / kIfkftk"0f{oftgf lbO{ xTofsf] cleof]u k|dfl0ft ul/of] / kIfkftk"0f{oftgf lbO{ xTofsf] cleof]u k|dfl0ft ul/of] / kIfkftk"0f{;'g'jfO{sf] cfwf/df km};nf ul/of] . ;LnfO{ !% jif{sf] h]n;'g'jfO{sf] cfwf/df km};nf ul/of] . ;LnfO{ !% jif{sf] h]n;'g'jfO{sf] cfwf/df km};nf ul/of] . ;LnfO{ !% jif{sf] h]n;'g'jfO{sf] cfwf/df km};nf ul/of] . ;LnfO{ !% jif{sf] h]n;'g'jfO{sf] cfwf/df km};nf ul/of] . ;LnfO{ !% jif{sf] h]n;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] 6]ËnfO{ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] 6]ËnfO{ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] 6]ËnfO{ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] 6]ËnfO{ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08;hfoF lbOPsf] lyof] eg] 6]ËnfO{ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08lbOPsf] lyof] . t/ s]xL jif{ kl5 pgLx¿åf/f dfl/PsflbOPsf] lyof] . t/ s]xL jif{ kl5 pgLx¿åf/f dfl/PsflbOPsf] lyof] . t/ s]xL jif{ kl5 pgLx¿åf/f dfl/PsflbOPsf] lyof] . t/ s]xL jif{ kl5 pgLx¿åf/f dfl/PsflbOPsf] lyof] . t/ s]xL jif{ kl5 pgLx¿åf/f dfl/PsfelgPsf] JolQm b]vf k/]kl5 ;LnfO{ !! jif{sf] sf/fjf;elgPsf] JolQm b]vf k/]kl5 ;LnfO{ !! jif{sf] sf/fjf;elgPsf] JolQm b]vf k/]kl5 ;LnfO{ !! jif{sf] sf/fjf;elgPsf] JolQm b]vf k/]kl5 ;LnfO{ !! jif{sf] sf/fjf;elgPsf] JolQm b]vf k/]kl5 ;LnfO{ !! jif{sf] sf/fjf;kZrft\ h]nd'Qm ul/of] / $,%),))) lrlgof o'cfg\ Ifltk"lt{kZrft\ h]nd'Qm ul/of] / $,%),))) lrlgof o'cfg\ Ifltk"lt{kZrft\ h]nd'Qm ul/of] / $,%),))) lrlgof o'cfg\ Ifltk"lt{kZrft\ h]nd'Qm ul/of] / $,%),))) lrlgof o'cfg\ Ifltk"lt{kZrft\ h]nd'Qm ul/of] / $,%),))) lrlgof o'cfg\ Ifltk"lt{lbOof] t/ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08 lbOPsf 6]Ësf] hLjglbOof] t/ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08 lbOPsf 6]Ësf] hLjglbOof] t/ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08 lbOPsf 6]Ësf] hLjglbOof] t/ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08 lbOPsf 6]Ësf] hLjglbOof] t/ ;g\ !(*( df d[To'b08 lbOPsf 6]Ësf] hLjgs;}n] klg kmsf{pg ;s]g .s;}n] klg kmsf{pg ;s]g .s;}n] klg kmsf{pg ;s]g .s;}n] klg kmsf{pg ;s]g .s;}n] klg kmsf{pg ;s]g .

s]xL jif{ otf ;+;f/e/ ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vofdfs]xL jif{ otf ;+;f/e/ ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vofdfs]xL jif{ otf ;+;f/e/ ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vofdfs]xL jif{ otf ;+;f/e/ ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vofdfs]xL jif{ otf ;+;f/e/ ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vofdfd[To'b08 rLgdf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . rLgdf g]kfnLd[To'b08 rLgdf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . rLgdf g]kfnLd[To'b08 rLgdf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . rLgdf g]kfnLd[To'b08 rLgdf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . rLgdf g]kfnLd[To'b08 rLgdf lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . rLgdf g]kfnLgful/sx¿nfO{ klg ljleGg cleof]udf d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFgful/sx¿nfO{ klg ljleGg cleof]udf d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFgful/sx¿nfO{ klg ljleGg cleof]udf d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFgful/sx¿nfO{ klg ljleGg cleof]udf d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFgful/sx¿nfO{ klg ljleGg cleof]udf d[To'b08sf] ;hfoF;'gfOPsf] kfOPsf] 5, eg] rLg To:tf] b]z xf] hxfF kof{Kt;'gfOPsf] kfOPsf] 5, eg] rLg To:tf] b]z xf] hxfF kof{Kt;'gfOPsf] kfOPsf] 5, eg] rLg To:tf] b]z xf] hxfF kof{Kt;'gfOPsf] kfOPsf] 5, eg] rLg To:tf] b]z xf] hxfF kof{Kt;'gfOPsf] kfOPsf] 5, eg] rLg To:tf] b]z xf] hxfF kof{Kt/ lgikIf sfg'gL ;'g'jfO{ lagf g} lgbf]{ifnfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08/ lgikIf sfg'gL ;'g'jfO{ lagf g} lgbf]{ifnfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08/ lgikIf sfg'gL ;'g'jfO{ lagf g} lgbf]{ifnfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08/ lgikIf sfg'gL ;'g'jfO{ lagf g} lgbf]{ifnfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08/ lgikIf sfg'gL ;'g'jfO{ lagf g} lgbf]{ifnfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . To;}n] lrlgof k|;f;gnfO{ lgikIflbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . To;}n] lrlgof k|;f;gnfO{ lgikIflbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . To;}n] lrlgof k|;f;gnfO{ lgikIflbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . To;}n] lrlgof k|;f;gnfO{ lgikIflbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . To;}n] lrlgof k|;f;gnfO{ lgikIf/ Gof/ Gof/ Gof/ Gof/ Goflos 5fgaLg lagf lgbf]{if nufot cGonfO{ lbg]los 5fgaLg lagf lgbf]{if nufot cGonfO{ lbg]los 5fgaLg lagf lgbf]{if nufot cGonfO{ lbg]los 5fgaLg lagf lgbf]{if nufot cGonfO{ lbg]los 5fgaLg lagf lgbf]{if nufot cGonfO{ lbg]ul/Psf] d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFsf] k|fjwfg vf/]h ug{ dfu ub}{ul/Psf] d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFsf] k|fjwfg vf/]h ug{ dfu ub}{ul/Psf] d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFsf] k|fjwfg vf/]h ug{ dfu ub}{ul/Psf] d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFsf] k|fjwfg vf/]h ug{ dfu ub}{ul/Psf] d[To'b08sf] ;hfoFsf] k|fjwfg vf/]h ug{ dfu ub}{d[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj; -!) cS6f]j/sfd[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj; -!) cS6f]j/sfd[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj; -!) cS6f]j/sfd[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj; -!) cS6f]j/sfd[To'b08 lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj; -!) cS6f]j/sf;Gbe{df;Gbe{df;Gbe{df;Gbe{df;Gbe{df P=cfO{= g]kfnn] klg ljz]if sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf P=cfO{= g]kfnn] klg ljz]if sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf P=cfO{= g]kfnn] klg ljz]if sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf P=cfO{= g]kfnn] klg ljz]if sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf P=cfO{= g]kfnn] klg ljz]if sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgfu¥of] .u¥of] .u¥of] .u¥of] .u¥of] .

d[To'b08 lbOg' x'Fb}gljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sdf nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]jf/ljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sdf nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]jf/ljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sdf nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]jf/ljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sdf nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]jf/ljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sdf nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]jf/

ug]{ jf wfld{s dfGotf ljk/Ltsf sfd ug]{ nufot cGoug]{ jf wfld{s dfGotf ljk/Ltsf sfd ug]{ nufot cGoug]{ jf wfld{s dfGotf ljk/Ltsf sfd ug]{ nufot cGoug]{ jf wfld{s dfGotf ljk/Ltsf sfd ug]{ nufot cGoug]{ jf wfld{s dfGotf ljk/Ltsf sfd ug]{ nufot cGoh3Go ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] kl/kf6Lh3Go ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] kl/kf6Lh3Go ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] kl/kf6Lh3Go ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] kl/kf6Lh3Go ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] kl/kf6LljBdfg 5 . d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg ePsf] b]zx¿df vf;u/LljBdfg 5 . d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg ePsf] b]zx¿df vf;u/LljBdfg 5 . d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg ePsf] b]zx¿df vf;u/LljBdfg 5 . d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg ePsf] b]zx¿df vf;u/LljBdfg 5 . d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg ePsf] b]zx¿df vf;u/LxTofh:tf cfk/flws ultjlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08xTofh:tf cfk/flws ultjlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08xTofh:tf cfk/flws ultjlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08xTofh:tf cfk/flws ultjlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08xTofh:tf cfk/flws ultjlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08lbg] ul/G5 . t/ ;+;f/e/ k6sk6s ul/Psf sof}+ j}1flgslbg] ul/G5 . t/ ;+;f/e/ k6sk6s ul/Psf sof}+ j}1flgslbg] ul/G5 . t/ ;+;f/e/ k6sk6s ul/Psf sof}+ j}1flgslbg] ul/G5 . t/ ;+;f/e/ k6sk6s ul/Psf sof}+ j}1flgslbg] ul/G5 . t/ ;+;f/e/ k6sk6s ul/Psf sof}+ j}1flgscg';Gwfgn] d[To'b08 lbFb}df ck/fwdf sdL cfpF5 eGg]cg';Gwfgn] d[To'b08 lbFb}df ck/fwdf sdL cfpF5 eGg]cg';Gwfgn] d[To'b08 lbFb}df ck/fwdf sdL cfpF5 eGg]cg';Gwfgn] d[To'b08 lbFb}df ck/fwdf sdL cfpF5 eGg]cg';Gwfgn] d[To'b08 lbFb}df ck/fwdf sdL cfpF5 eGg]wf/0ffnfO{ unt ;fljt u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ æxTof ug'{wf/0ffnfO{ unt ;fljt u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ æxTof ug'{wf/0ffnfO{ unt ;fljt u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ æxTof ug'{wf/0ffnfO{ unt ;fljt u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ æxTof ug'{wf/0ffnfO{ unt ;fljt u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ æxTof ug'{ck/fw xf] eg]/ d[To'b08 lbP/ csf]{ JolQmck/fw xf] eg]/ d[To'b08 lbP/ csf]{ JolQmck/fw xf] eg]/ d[To'b08 lbP/ csf]{ JolQmck/fw xf] eg]/ d[To'b08 lbP/ csf]{ JolQmck/fw xf] eg]/ d[To'b08 lbP/ csf]{ JolQmsf] xTof ug'{sf] xTof ug'{sf] xTof ug'{sf] xTof ug'{sf] xTof ug'{klg t ck/fw} x'G5 lgÆ . o;f] eGb}df h3Go ck/fw ug]{klg t ck/fw} x'G5 lgÆ . o;f] eGb}df h3Go ck/fw ug]{klg t ck/fw} x'G5 lgÆ . o;f] eGb}df h3Go ck/fw ug]{klg t ck/fw} x'G5 lgÆ . o;f] eGb}df h3Go ck/fw ug]{klg t ck/fw} x'G5 lgÆ . o;f] eGb}df h3Go ck/fw ug]{

ck/fwLnfO{ 5f]8\g'k5{ jf b08d'lQm x'g' k5{ eGg] klg a'‰g'ck/fwLnfO{ 5f]8\g'k5{ jf b08d'lQm x'g' k5{ eGg] klg a'‰g'ck/fwLnfO{ 5f]8\g'k5{ jf b08d'lQm x'g' k5{ eGg] klg a'‰g'ck/fwLnfO{ 5f]8\g'k5{ jf b08d'lQm x'g' k5{ eGg] klg a'‰g'ck/fwLnfO{ 5f]8\g'k5{ jf b08d'lQm x'g' k5{ eGg] klg a'‰g'x'Fb}g . x'Fb}g . x'Fb}g . x'Fb}g . x'Fb}g . o:tf cfk/flws ultljlw ug]{x¿nfO{ æcGt/f{li6«oo:tf cfk/flws ultljlw ug]{x¿nfO{ æcGt/f{li6«oo:tf cfk/flws ultljlw ug]{x¿nfO{ æcGt/f{li6«oo:tf cfk/flws ultljlw ug]{x¿nfO{ æcGt/f{li6«oo:tf cfk/flws ultljlw ug]{x¿nfO{ æcGt/f{li6«odfkb08 adf]ldfkb08 adf]ldfkb08 adf]ldfkb08 adf]ldfkb08 adf]lhdsf] sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L lgikIf / kf/bzL{hdsf] sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L lgikIf / kf/bzL{hdsf] sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L lgikIf / kf/bzL{hdsf] sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L lgikIf / kf/bzL{hdsf] sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L lgikIf / kf/bzL{;'g'jfO{ u/L plrt sfg'gL ;hfo lbg' kb{5Æ .;'g'jfO{ u/L plrt sfg'gL ;hfo lbg' kb{5Æ .;'g'jfO{ u/L plrt sfg'gL ;hfo lbg' kb{5Æ .;'g'jfO{ u/L plrt sfg'gL ;hfo lbg' kb{5Æ .;'g'jfO{ u/L plrt sfg'gL ;hfo lbg' kb{5Æ .

d[To'b08 ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf]d[To'b08 ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf]d[To'b08 ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf]d[To'b08 ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf]d[To'b08 ;DaGwL sfg'gsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf]s'/f ubf{ gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ;DaGwLs'/f ubf{ gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ;DaGwLs'/f ubf{ gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ;DaGwLs'/f ubf{ gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ;DaGwLs'/f ubf{ gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ;DaGwLcle;lGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s pkn]v ;g\ !(*( nfO{ ;Demg'cle;lGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s pkn]v ;g\ !(*( nfO{ ;Demg'cle;lGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s pkn]v ;g\ !(*( nfO{ ;Demg'cle;lGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s pkn]v ;g\ !(*( nfO{ ;Demg'cle;lGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s pkn]v ;g\ !(*( nfO{ ;Demg'kb{5, h;n] æs'g} klg sf/0fn] d[To'b08 lbOg] 5}gÆ eGg]kb{5, h;n] æs'g} klg sf/0fn] d[To'b08 lbOg] 5}gÆ eGg]kb{5, h;n] æs'g} klg sf/0fn] d[To'b08 lbOg] 5}gÆ eGg]kb{5, h;n] æs'g} klg sf/0fn] d[To'b08 lbOg] 5}gÆ eGg]kb{5, h;n] æs'g} klg sf/0fn] d[To'b08 lbOg] 5}gÆ eGg]cGt/f{li6«o k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] b:tfj]hcGt/f{li6«o k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] b:tfj]hcGt/f{li6«o k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] b:tfj]hcGt/f{li6«o k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] b:tfj]hcGt/f{li6«o k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] b:tfj]hljZjaf6 d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3LoljZjaf6 d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3LoljZjaf6 d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3LoljZjaf6 d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3LoljZjaf6 d[To'b08 pGd"ngsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lodxf;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . o; cg';f/ s'g} klgdxf;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . o; cg';f/ s'g} klgdxf;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . o; cg';f/ s'g} klgdxf;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . o; cg';f/ s'g} klgdxf;efn] kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . o; cg';f/ s'g} klgcfk/flws ultljlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ To:tf] s[Toaf6cfk/flws ultljlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ To:tf] s[Toaf6cfk/flws ultljlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ To:tf] s[Toaf6cfk/flws ultljlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ To:tf] s[Toaf6cfk/flws ultljlwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ To:tf] s[Toaf6/f]Sg k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/]/ p;nfO{ lgolGqt ug'{/f]Sg k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/]/ p;nfO{ lgolGqt ug'{/f]Sg k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/]/ p;nfO{ lgolGqt ug'{/f]Sg k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/]/ p;nfO{ lgolGqt ug'{/f]Sg k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/]/ p;nfO{ lgolGqt ug'{:jefljs x'G5 t/ s'g} klg xfntdf s;}nfO{ klg d[To'b08:jefljs x'G5 t/ s'g} klg xfntdf s;}nfO{ klg d[To'b08:jefljs x'G5 t/ s'g} klg xfntdf s;}nfO{ klg d[To'b08:jefljs x'G5 t/ s'g} klg xfntdf s;}nfO{ klg d[To'b08:jefljs x'G5 t/ s'g} klg xfntdf s;}nfO{ klg d[To'b08lbOg' x'Fb}g elgPsf] 5 .lbOg' x'Fb}g elgPsf] 5 .lbOg' x'Fb}g elgPsf] 5 .lbOg' x'Fb}g elgPsf] 5 .lbOg' x'Fb}g elgPsf] 5 .

PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] cfXjfgd[To'b08 o:tf] b08 xf]d[To'b08 o:tf] b08 xf]d[To'b08 o:tf] b08 xf]d[To'b08 o:tf] b08 xf]d[To'b08 o:tf] b08 xf]

h'g sfof{Gjog u/L;sh'g sfof{Gjog u/L;sh'g sfof{Gjog u/L;sh'g sfof{Gjog u/L;sh'g sfof{Gjog u/L;s]kl5 To;df]kl5 To;df]kl5 To;df]kl5 To;df]kl5 To;dfk'glj{rf/ u/]/ jf cGo s'g} pkfoaf6k'glj{rf/ u/]/ jf cGo s'g} pkfoaf6k'glj{rf/ u/]/ jf cGo s'g} pkfoaf6k'glj{rf/ u/]/ jf cGo s'g} pkfoaf6k'glj{rf/ u/]/ jf cGo s'g} pkfoaf6dfl/Psf] JolQmnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbgdfl/Psf] JolQmnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbgdfl/Psf] JolQmnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbgdfl/Psf] JolQmnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbgdfl/Psf] JolQmnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbg;lsFb}g . dfly pNn]v ul/Ph:t};lsFb}g . dfly pNn]v ul/Ph:t};lsFb}g . dfly pNn]v ul/Ph:t};lsFb}g . dfly pNn]v ul/Ph:t};lsFb}g . dfly pNn]v ul/Ph:t}sof}+ 36gfx¿df d[To'b08 lbOPsfsof}+ 36gfx¿df d[To'b08 lbOPsfsof}+ 36gfx¿df d[To'b08 lbOPsfsof}+ 36gfx¿df d[To'b08 lbOPsfsof}+ 36gfx¿df d[To'b08 lbOPsfJolQmx¿ lgbf]{if kfOPsf 5g\ . olbJolQmx¿ lgbf]{if kfOPsf 5g\ . olbJolQmx¿ lgbf]{if kfOPsf 5g\ . olbJolQmx¿ lgbf]{if kfOPsf 5g\ . olbJolQmx¿ lgbf]{if kfOPsf 5g\ . olbd[To'b08sf] ;§f cGo s'g} ;hfoFd[To'b08sf] ;§f cGo s'g} ;hfoFd[To'b08sf] ;§f cGo s'g} ;hfoFd[To'b08sf] ;§f cGo s'g} ;hfoFd[To'b08sf] ;§f cGo s'g} ;hfoFlbOPsf] eP Tof] dfl/Psf] JolQmn]lbOPsf] eP Tof] dfl/Psf] JolQmn]lbOPsf] eP Tof] dfl/Psf] JolQmn]lbOPsf] eP Tof] dfl/Psf] JolQmn]lbOPsf] eP Tof] dfl/Psf] JolQmn]kl5 eg] klg Gofo kfpg ;SbYof] t/ Hofg lnO;s]kl5kl5 eg] klg Gofo kfpg ;SbYof] t/ Hofg lnO;s]kl5kl5 eg] klg Gofo kfpg ;SbYof] t/ Hofg lnO;s]kl5kl5 eg] klg Gofo kfpg ;SbYof] t/ Hofg lnO;s]kl5kl5 eg] klg Gofo kfpg ;SbYof] t/ Hofg lnO;s]kl5lgbf]{if /x]5 eGg] yfxf kfP/ klg To; JolQmnfO{ arfpglgbf]{if /x]5 eGg] yfxf kfP/ klg To; JolQmnfO{ arfpglgbf]{if /x]5 eGg] yfxf kfP/ klg To; JolQmnfO{ arfpglgbf]{if /x]5 eGg] yfxf kfP/ klg To; JolQmnfO{ arfpglgbf]{if /x]5 eGg] yfxf kfP/ klg To; JolQmnfO{ arfpg;lsFb}g . To;}n] d[To'b08 lbOg' x'Fb}g a? cGt/f{li6«o;lsFb}g . To;}n] d[To'b08 lbOg' x'Fb}g a? cGt/f{li6«o;lsFb}g . To;}n] d[To'b08 lbOg' x'Fb}g a? cGt/f{li6«o;lsFb}g . To;}n] d[To'b08 lbOg' x'Fb}g a? cGt/f{li6«o;lsFb}g . To;}n] d[To'b08 lbOg' x'Fb}g a? cGt/f{li6«odfkb08 adf]lhdsf cGo k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/Ldfkb08 adf]lhdsf cGo k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/Ldfkb08 adf]lhdsf cGo k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/Ldfkb08 adf]lhdsf cGo k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/Ldfkb08 adf]lhdsf cGo k|efjsf/L sfg'g th'{df u/LcGo plrt ;hfoF lbOg' cGo plrt ;hfoF lbOg' cGo plrt ;hfoF lbOg' cGo plrt ;hfoF lbOg' cGo plrt ;hfoF lbOg' kb{5kb{5kb{5kb{5kb{5 eGg] PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] eGg] PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] eGg] PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] eGg] PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf] eGg] PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf]wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .

olb tkfO { + k lg d [ To 'b08 pGd "ngnufotsf d fgj clwsf/ ;Da Gw L cGocleofgdf ;xefuL x'g jf PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf];b:o aGg rfxg'x'G5 eg] ;Dks{ ug'{xf];\

PPPPPDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfnPDg]:6Ldfu{, a;Gtgu/, afnfh'PDg]:6Ldfu{, a;Gtgu/, afnfh'PDg]:6Ldfu{, a;Gtgu/, afnfh'PDg]:6Ldfu{, a;Gtgu/, afnfh'PDg]:6Ldfu{, a;Gtgu/, afnfh'kf]=a=g+= !#%, sf7df8f}+, g]kfnkf]=a=g+= !#%, sf7df8f}+, g]kfnkf]=a=g+= !#%, sf7df8f}+, g]kfnkf]=a=g+= !#%, sf7df8f}+, g]kfnkf]=a=g+= !#%, sf7df8f}+, g]kfnkmf]g M $#^$&)^, $#^%$#!, k\mofS; M $#%$(*&kmf]g M $#^$&)^, $#^%$#!, k\mofS; M $#%$(*&kmf]g M $#^$&)^, $#^%$#!, k\mofS; M $#%$(*&kmf]g M $#^$&)^, $#^%$#!, k\mofS; M $#%$(*&kmf]g M $#^$&)^, $#^%$#!, k\mofS; M $#%$(*&E-mail: [email protected]: www.amnestynepal.org


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 13

;fgf xltof/ lgoGq0fsf nflu of]ubfg ug{g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfx\jfg

xltof/sf] Jofkf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu tof/ ul/gnfu]sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw (Arms Trade Treaty – ATT) df;dfj]z ul/g'kg]{ dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL Go"gtd k|d'vljifox¿ ;dfj]z u/fpgsf nflu cfk\mgf] tkm{af6 of]ubfgug{ P=cfO{= g]kfnn] k//fi6«dGqLdfkm{t\ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . oxL c;f]h @$ ut] k//fi6«dGqLnfO{k|]lift cg'/f]wkqsf;fy pQm ;lGwsf] ;DefJotf, If]q tyf;Ldf (Feasibility, Scope and Parameters) s] s:tf] x'g'kb{5 egL ut c;f/b]lv b]ze/ /x]sf P=cfO{= g]kfncGtu{tsf ;d"xx¿ tyf s]Gb|Lo:t/af6 ;fj{hlgs:yfgdf hgk/fdz{ sfo{qmdsfaLr ;+sng ul/Psf!) xhf/ eGbf a9L x:tfIfl/t cg'/f]wkq -ofS;gsf8{_ klg k7fOPsf] lyof] .

l8;]Da/ @))^ df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo dxf;efdf !%#/fi6«n] Arms Trade Treaty lgdf{0fsf kIfdf dt hfx]/u/]/ xltof/ lgoGq0fsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o sfg'g lgdf{0fdf

dfu{ k|;:t u/]kl5 xlotf/ a]rlavg tyf pTkfbgsf]lgoGq0f ug]{ p2]Zon] pQm ;lGw lgdf{0fsf nflu ;+o'Qm/fi6«;+3Lo dxf;lrj >L jfg ls d'gn] ;+;f/sf ;a};/sf/af6 ;'emfj cfJxfg ug'{ePsf] 5 . xfn ;+;f/e/af6*) eGbf w]/} /fi6«x¿n] xltof/sf] Jofkf/ lgoGq0fsf nflucGt/f{li6«o ;lGwsf] ;DefJotf, If]q tyf ;Ldf (Feasibility,Scope and Parameters) ;DaGwdf cf–cfk\mgf] ;'emfj;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3df pknAw u/fO;s]sf 5g\ .

xltof/sf] Jofkf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o;lGw lgdf{0fsf] p2]Zo ;lxt PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnn] cGo@ j6f cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yf qmdzM cS;kmfd OG6/g];gntyf OG6/g];gn ofS;g g]6js{ cg :dn cfD;{-cfOG;f_ ;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ;g\ @))# sf] cS6f]j/b]lvæxltof/ lgoGq0f (Control Arms)Æ ljifos cGt/f{li6«ocleofg ;~rfng ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . ut l8;]Da/df;+oQm /fi6«;+3Lo dxf;efn] ;lGw lgdf{0fsf kIfdf k|:tfj

kfl/t u/]kl5 PDg]:6L OG6/g];gnsf ;+;f/e/sf;+/rgfx¿n] cf–cfk\mgf] b]zsf ;/sf/x¿nfO{xltof/ lgoGq0fsf nflu Arms Trade Treaty

lgdf{0f sfo{df ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 of]ubfg ug{cg'/f]w ub}{ cleofg ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5g\,h;sf nflu cGo sfo{qmdsf cnfjf ;fj{hlgs:yfgx¿df hgk/fdz{ (Peoples Consultation)

sfo{qmd ul/Psf] lyof] . hgk/fdz{ cGtu{tt;lGwdf ;dfj]z ul/g'kg]{ dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwLk|d'v ljifo ;lGwdf g5'6'g\ / k|efjsf/L tj/sf];lGw lgdf{0f ug{] kIfdf cfk\mgf] tkm{af6 of]ubfgug{ ;DalGwt b]zsf] k//fi6«dGqLdfkm{t\ To;b]zsf] ;/sf/nfO{ n]lvPsf] cg'/f]wkq -PS;gsf8{_ df ;fj{hlgs :yfgx¿df x:tfIf/;+sng sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .

;d'x * åf/f cfof]lht sfo{qmddf x:tfIf/ ub}{


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷14

b08xLgtfsf] cGTosf nflu cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/Lcbfntsf] ljwfg cg'df]bg ug{ bjfj lbg] p2]Zon] g]kfn;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfntyf cfO;L;Lsf nflu /fli6«o ;~hfnsf] ;lqmotfdf utebf}+ !) ut] dfOlt3/ d08nfdf k|bz{g ul/of] . PDg]:6LOG6/g];gnsf] cGt/f{li6«o sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 g]kfne|d0fdf /xg' ePsf k|ltlglwd08nsf ;b:ox¿ Pj+cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] ljwfg cg'df]gsf kIfdfsfo{/t ljleGg dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf Pj+ ;~hfnsf];xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;f]xL k|bz{gsf qmddf sn]S6Le SofDk]g km/ lk; -sf]Sofk_ sf o'jf :jo+;]jLx¿n] cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/Lcbfntsf] ljwfg cg'df]bgsf] ckl/xfo{tfdf hf]8 lbOPsf]hfgsf/Ld"ns ;8sgf6s ;d]t k|:t't u/]sf lyP .k|bz{g sfo{qmddf P=cfO{= sf] tkm{af6 g]kfn e|d0fdf /x]sf]cGt/f{li6«o k|ltlglwd08nsL ;b:o Pj+ cfO;L;Lsf nflucGt/f{li6«o ;~hfnsL Pl;of ;+of]hs Olelnog ;]/fgf],P=cfO{= g]kfnsf sfo{jfxs ;efklt w|'js'df/ sfsL{,dxf;lrj rGb| clwsf/L, sf]iffWoIf zDe' 7fs'/, ;b:ox¿s]zj l;Ub]n, lutf Gof}kfg], zf/bf zdf{, ljqmd 9's'5',;Nnfxsf/åo g'tg yklnof tyf k|bLk kf]v/]n ;d]tsf]pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

ljZjdf a9\b} uPsf g/;+xf/, o'4ck/fw / dfgjtflj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;DalGwt b]zsf /fli6«o ;+oGqx¿n]To:tf ck/fwsf bf]ifLnfO{ sf/jfxL gu/]sf jf sf/jfxLug{ g;s]sf 36gfx¿df a[l4 x'Fb} hfFbf b08xLgtfn]Jofkstf kfPsf] b]lvPsfn] To:tf ck/fwdf ;+nUgbf]ifLx¿dfly sf/jfxLsf] ;'lglZrttf / b08xLgtfsf]cGTosf nflu ;g\ !((* df cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/Lcbfntsf] /f]d ljwfg kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL ljwfgdfJoj:yf ePadf]lhd, ^) /fi6«n] o;sf] cg'df]bg u/]kZrft\;g\ @))@ sf] h'nfO{df cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf]:yfkgf ePsf] 5 . xfn;Dd !)% b]zn] o; ljwfgsf]cg'df]bg ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfnt g/;+xf/, o'4ck/fw / dfgjtflj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;+nUg s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ Goflos s73/fdf

cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] ljwfgcg'df]bgsf nflu bjfa

pEofpg ;Sg] klxnf] :jtGq / lgikIf cGt/f{li6«o lgsfoxf] . ha ;/sf/x¿n] uDeL/ k|s[ltsf dfgjtf lj?4sfck/fw ug]{ bf]ifLnfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ ;Sb}gg\ jf ub}{gg\ ta o;cbfntn] pQm sfd ug{ ;Sb5 . cbfntn] xfn o'ufG8f,k|hftflGqs u0ftflGqs sËf], ;'8fgnufot cGo ljleGgd'n'ssf dfgjtf lj?4 / o'4 ck/fw ;DaGwL 36gfx¿sf]cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] 5 .

g]kfndf b08xLgtfsf] cj:yf Jofks /x]sf]tYonfO{ dWogh/ ub}{, o:tf] cj:yfsf] cGTo ug{ ;Sg]

kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] ljwfg kfl/t ug{ gful/s ;dfhtyf dfgj clwsf/ ;+:yfx¿n] bjfj lbFb} cfPsf 5g\ .@)^# ;fpg ( ut]sf ] k | ltlglw;efsf ] a }7sn];j{;Ddt¿kdf /f]d ljwfg cg'df]bg ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zglbPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L, /f]d ljwfg cg'df]bgkl5 g]kfnnfO{;[hgf x'g] bfloTj / o;sf] c;/sf ;DaGwdf cWoogug{ g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f @)^# sflt{s ! ut] ul7t sfo{bnn]o;;DaGwL k|ltj]bg ut d+l;/ @* ut] pkk|wfg tyfk//fi6«dGqL;dIf k|:t't ul/;s]sf] 5 . t/ klg xfn;Dd;f] ljwfg cg'df]bg ul/Psf] 5}g . ;fdfGotof cGt/f{li6«okmf}hbf/L cbfnt -OG6/g];gn lqmldgn sf]6{ – cfO;L;L_n] s'g} klg b]zn] /f]d ljwfg cg'df]bg u/]kl5sf] ldltdfePsf 36gfx¿sf ;DaGwdf sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg] x'Fbfg]kfnn] oyfzL3| pQm ljwfg cg'df]bg ug{ h¿/L 5 .


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 15

adf{df k|hftGq / gful/s clwsf/sf] dfu ub}{ePsf] cfGbf]ngdf ;}lgs ;/sf/n] Aofks bdg u/]sf]la/f]w ub}{ P=cfO{= / o;sf zfvfx?n] ;+;f/e/ lj/f]wsfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g\ . gful/s clwsf/ axfnLsfnflu ePsf] k|bz{gdf cf]ln{Psf jf}4 leIf' / :jtGqtfsf]nflu cfjfh p7fpg] gful/sx? dfly ;}lgs ;/sf/n]Aofks bdg / w/ks8 u/]sf] lyof] .

P=cfO{= g]kfn / o; dtxtsf ;d'xn] /fhwfgLsf7df08f}+ nufot d'n's e/L lj/f]w sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgfu/]sf 5g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df jdf{df k|hftGq / dfgjclwsf/jxfnLsf] dfu ul/Psf] Jofg/ / Kn]sf8 ;lxt /fhwfgLsf]d'6'df /x]sf] dfOlt3/ d08nfdf cfwf 306f wgf{ lbP kl5jf}4 leIf', gful/s ;dfhsf ;b:ox?, dfgjclwsf/jfbL,

k|fWofks, kqsf/, P=cfO{=sf kbflwsf/L, ;b:o, o'y;d'xsf kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox? ;lxtsf] ljzfn h'n';n]g]kfn l:yt jdf{sf] b'tfjf;df k'u]/ jdf{sf] ;}lgs ;/sf/n]clwsf/sf] dfu ug]{ gful/s dfly u/]sf] bdgsf] lj/f]wdf1fkgkq j'emfPsf ] lyof ] . ;f ] cj;/df adf {sL ;f ] cj;/df adf {sL ;f ] cj;/df adf {sL ;f ] cj;/df adf {sL ;f ] cj;/df adf {sLk |hftGqjfbL g ]t [ k |hftGqjfbL g ]t [ k |hftGqjfbL g ]t [ k |hftGqjfbL g ]t [ k |hftGqjfbL g ]t [ cfª ;fª ;'sLnfO { tTsfnl/xf ug{ dfu ul/Psf Kn] sf8{ k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] .h'g !(, !($% df /+u'gdf hlGdPsL ^@ jlif{of ;'sL !*jif{ b]lv /+u'g l:yt 3/d} gh/ jGb l5g\ . pgsf] kf6L{g]zgn lnu km/ 8]df]qm];Ln] ;g\ !(() df ePsf] cfdlgjf{rgdf jx'dt xfl;n u/] kl5 pgnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf]clwsf/ x:tfGt/0f ug'{sf] ;f6f] Toxf“sf] ;}lgs -h'Gtfn]_3/d} gh/ jGb u/L zf;g xTofPsf] lyof] . k|hftGq /

adf{df k|hftGq / dfgjclwsf/axfnLsf] dfu ub}{ k|bz{g


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷16

zflGtsf nflu pgn] u/]sf] of]ubfgsf] sb/ ub}{ ;g\!((! df ;sLnfO{ gf]jn k':sf/jf6 ;DdfgLt ul/Psf]lyof] . pgnfO{ P=cfO{=n] cf:yfsf] jGbL 3f]lift u/]sf]5 .lj/f6gu/

P=cfO{=4f/f cf:yfsf] jGbL 3f]lift jdf{sLk|hftGqjfbL g]t[ cfª ;fª ;'sLsf] l/xfO{ tyf jdf{dfnf]stGq jxfnL / zflGtk"0f{ k|bz{g dfly ePsf] bdgsf]lj/f]w ub}{ lj/f6gu/ l:yt P=cfO{= ;d'xx? !!, @#, $!/ &# sf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf lj/f6gu/df Ps ¥ofnLsf]cfof]hg ul/of] . ¥ofnLdf j'4 tfdfª ;dfh, ljleGg

/fhgLlts bnsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?, gful/s;dfhsf k|ltlglw, kqsf/, dfgjclwsf/jfbL, lzIfs,k|fWofks, sfg"g JojzfoLx?sf] pNn]Vo ;xeflutf /x]sf]lyof] . ;/:jlt pRr df=lj=jf6 z'? ePsf] h'n'; zx/sfljleGg efusf] kl/qmdf u/L hgcfGbf]ng rf]sdf k'u]/ ;efdfkl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdnfO{ sfg"g JojzfoL /fd l;6f}nf,Pdfn]sf dx]z /]UdL / P=cfO{=sf lbks l3ld/]n] jdf{sf]k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ng k|lt P]Soj4tf hgfpb} nf]stGq,

dfgjclwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu jdf{sf] ;}lgs ;/sf/nfO{bjfj lbg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

;dj]bgfPDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn, d'gfn ;d"x–&#, lj/f6gu/sf ;b:o v]d/fh

;'j]bLsf] @)^$ ;fpg & ut] df]/ªsf] ;'Gb/k'/df a; b'3{6gfdf k/L pkrf/sf]qmddf ebf} @* ePsf] b'Mvb lgwg ePsf] ;dfrf/n] xfdLnfO{ :tAw t'NofPsf]5 . o; sl7g 38Ldf jxfFsf zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/df xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub}{

lbj+ut cfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{5f}F .

PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn g]kfn


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 17

jif{ #&, c° $, cS6f]j/ @))&

PDg]:6L OG6/g];gn, cGt/f{li6«o ;lrjfnosf] k|sfzg, b jfo/

aGbL :yfgfGt/0f k|lt df}g o'/f]ku}/sfg "gL ?kdf aGbLu }/sfg "gL ?kdf aGbLu }/sfg "gL ?kdf aGbLu }/sfg "gL ?kdf aGbLu }/sfg "gL ?kdf aGbL

:yfgfGt/0f u/]sf y'k| } k|df0fsf:yfgfGt/0f u/]sf y'k| } k|df0fsf:yfgfGt/0f u/]sf y'k| } k|df0fsf:yfgfGt/0f u/]sf y'k| } k|df0fsf:yfgfGt/0f u/]sf y'k| } k|df0fsfafah'b o'/f]k]nL /fi6« o; ;+aGwdfafah'b o'/f]k]nL /fi6« o; ;+aGwdfafah'b o'/f]k]nL /fi6« o; ;+aGwdfafah'b o'/f]k]nL /fi6« o; ;+aGwdfafah'b o'/f]k]nL /fi6« o; ;+aGwdfdf}g 5g\ .df}g 5g\ .df}g 5g\ .df}g 5g\ .df}g 5g\ .

cd ] l/sfsf ] g ]t [ TjdfeO/x ]sf ] u }/ sfg "gL aGbL:yfgfGt/0f k|lt o'/f]k]nL /fi6«n];xof]u tyf ;dk0f{ u/]sf 5g\ .aGbLx?nfO{ oftgf, u}/GofoLslx/f;t tyf a]kQf cfbL ef]Ugsf nflu ul/g] u}/ sfg'gL:yfgfGt/0fdf tL /fi6«n] of t ;xof]u jf ;xdtL hgfPsf5g\ .

o; sfo{n] dfgj clwsf/ / sfg"gL /fHo k|lto'/f]kn] hgfPsf] k|lta4tfnfO{ g/fd|f] wSsf lbPsf] 5 .o'/f]k]nL ;+;bLo ;ef kl/ifbsf l;g]6/ 8Ls df6L{, kl/ifbsfdxf;lrj 6]/L 8]le; tyf o'/f]k]nL ;+;bn] u/]sf] 5fgljgn]uf]Ko aGbL :yfgfGt/0f sfo{df o'/f]k]nL /fi6«sf] ;+nUgtfk'li6 ug]{ k|df0f h'6fPsf] 5 . ;f] 5fgljgn] o'/f]k]nL/fi6«x?n] aGbLsf] :yfgfGt/0fsf nflu uf]Ko p8fgdf;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] tyf kf]Nof08 / /f]dflgof l:yt cd]l/sLaGbL s]Gb|df k'¥ofOPsf aGbLnfO{ oftgf lbOPsf] b]vfp“5 .o; afx]s P=cfO{=, cGo u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf / kqsf/x?n]u/]sf] cg';Gwfgn] klg æcft+sjfb lj?4sf] o'4Ædfcd]l/sfn] u/]sf dfgjtf lj/f]wL ck/fwdf o'/f]k]nL /fi6«;d]t ;xefuL ePsf] k'i6L ub{5 .

oL ;a} k|df0fsf afah'b, kf]Nof08 / /f]dflgofnufot o'/f]ksf ;/sf/x?n] aGbL :yfgfGt/0fdf cfk\mgf];+nUgtf g/x]sf] bfjL ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . hd{g tyf O6fnL;/sf/n] t o; ;+aGwdf ;+;bLo hfr“nfO{ klg xtf]T;fxu/]sf 5g\ .

o; afx]s ;a} eGbf cfZro{hgs s'/f t s] 5eg], o'/f]ksf lg0f{o lng] ;jf]{Rr lgsfox? ;d]t o;dfldnfdf df}g 5g\ . o'/f]k]nL kl/ifb\sf] sdL6L ckmldlg:6;{ / o'/f]k]nL ;+3 kl/ifbn] u}/ sfg'gL aGbL:yfgfGt/0f sf] lgGbf ug{ jf o'/f]k]nL /fi6«nfO{ dfgjclwsf/ k|lt k|lta4 x'g lgb]{zg ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .sdL6L ckm ldlg:6;{n] ;+;bLo ;efn] lbPsf] ;'emfj /To;sf dxf;lrjsf] of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;d]t ;s]sf]5}g . lt ;'emfj aGbL :yfgfGt/0f sfo{df s] ePsf] lyof]eGg] af/] 5fgljg / o:tf] ePsf] v08df eljiodf x'gglbg] ;+aGwL lyP . t/, lo ;'emfj af/] xfn ;Dd s]xL gx'g'eg]sf] o'/f]k]nL kl/ifbsf] l;4fGt ljkl/t sfo{ xf] .

P=cfO{= o'/f]k]nL kl/ifbsf] sdL6L ckm ldlg:6;{nfO{o; ;+j]bgzLn d'2fnfO{ a]jf:tf gug{ cfu|x ub{5 . o;sfcltl/Qm xfdL cfk\mgf ;b:o / ;xof]uLnfO{ u}/sfg'gLaGbL :yfgfGt/0f sfo{ /f]Sg] tk{m kxn ug]{ cfu|x ;lxtsdL6L ckm ldlg:6;{sf cwIonfO{ kq n]Vg cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .sdL6L ckm ldlg:6;{nfO{ lgDg sfo{ ug{ s[kof cfJxfgs[kof cfJxfgs[kof cfJxfgs[kof cfJxfgs[kof cfJxfg ug'{ xf];\ M• u}/ sfg'gL aGbL :yfgfGt/0f sfo{sf] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf

lgGbf,• dxf;lrjn] lbPsf ;'emfj nufotsf a'“bf /fv]/ u}/

sfg'gL aGbL :yfgfGt/0f /f]Sg] tk{m d:of}bf tof/ .xfn o'/f]k]nL kl/ifb sdL6L ckm dLlg:6;{sf] cWoIftf;lj{ofn] ub}{5 .

kq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ MVuk Jeremic

Minister of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Serbia

Chairperson, Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

24-26 Kneza Milosa St.

11000 Belgrade, Serbia

Fax: +381 11 3618-366

Email: [email protected]


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷18

qf; / lx+;fdf km;]sf] dWo clk|msL u0ftGqdWo clk|msL u0ftGq ;}lgs, z;:q ;d'x /

cfk/flws u'6sf] cft+saf6 h'lem/x]sf] 5 . j]6L aLa]Nnf]sfb'O{ ;GtfgnfO{ ;g\ @))% df 8f“sfx?sf] ;d'xn] ckx/0fu/]sf] lyof] . !@ jifL{oObL j]6L / & jifL{o df];'jfj]6LnfO{ ltgsf lktfn]lk m/ f }t Lsf ] /sdga'emfP;Dd 5fl8Pg .ObL j]6L t b'O{ k6s;Ddckx/0fdf kl/;s]sf5g \ . j ]6 L aLa ] Nnf ]daf]/f]/f] gfdsf] hghftL ;d'xsf ;b:o x'g\ . ;g\ @))&sf] z'? ;Ddfdf pgsf] kl/jf/sf sof}+ ;b:o z;:q;d'xåf/f dfl/O;s]sf 5g\ . ;“w}sf] cfqmd0fsf] 8/n]j]6L aLa]Nnf] cfk\mgf] kl/jf/sf] ;fy l5d]sL /fi6« rf9tk{m knfog ePsf 5g\ .

;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L z;:q ;d'xsf k'j{;b:ox?sf] clgoGqLt ;d'x g} ;f] If]qsf slyt 8f“sf;d'x x'g\, h;nfO{ :yfgLo efiffdf hf/fu'Ogf; elgG5 .

o; ;d'xsf] sfd eg]s} daf]/f]/f] nufotsf hghftL;d'xsf] a:t'efp tyf afnafnLsf rf]g'{ / lkm/f}tLsf]/sd c;'Ng' /x]sf] 5 .

oL t P=cfO{sf] k|ltj]bg Central African

Republic: Civilians in peril in the wild north

df pNn]v dfgj clwsf/ pn+3gsf y'k|} dWo] s]xL 36gfdfq x'g\ .

l5d]sL d'n's rf9 k'u]sf dfgjLo ;+u7g tyfz/0ffyL{;“u dWo clk|msL u0ftGqsf] pQ/L efudf eO/x]sfdfgj clwsf/ pn+3gsf 8/ nfUbf syfx? 5g\ . o;dfz;:q ;d'xn] :yflgo afl;Gbfsf] xTof, ;DklQdf cfuf]nufpg] afnafnLsf] ckx/0f tyf dlxnfx?sf] anfTsf/ ug]{sfo{ Aofks 5g\ . o;sf] k5f8L vf; sf/0f b08lxgtf xf] .

l56f] eGbf l56f] o;nfO{ lgoGq0f gu/]df dWoclk|msL u0ftGq dfq geO{ l5d]sL d'\n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/sf]l:ytL ;d]t lau|g]df P=cfO{sf] uDeL/ rf;f] 5 .o;af/]df la:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu x]g'{xf];\ P=cfO{sf]k|ltj]bg–Central African Republic: Civilians in peril

in the wild north, published in September 2007 (AFR

19/003/2007).

ljZjJofkL ckLnO{/fs M d[To'b08 e]mNb} dlxnf .clkn z'? M cS6f]j/ @))&

;d/ ;fb cAb'Nnfx / jf;g tfnLanfO{ O{/fssf]/ fhwfgL aubfb l:ytsflwldof dlxnf aGbLu[xdf/flvPsf] 5 . pgLx?nfO{lbOPsf ] d [ To 'b08sf ];hfonfO{ k]ma|'j/L, @))& dfcbfntn] ;b/ u/ ]kl5pgLx? s'g} klg a]nf dfl/g;Sb5g\ .

;d/ ;fb cAb'NnfnfO{ d[To'b08sf] ;hfo !%cu:6 @))% df ;'gfOPsf] lyof] . pgL dfly cfk\mgf]sfsf, pgsL kTgL / pgLx?sf] Pshgf aRrfsf] xTofu/]sf] cf/f]k 5 . pgn] lt xTof cfk'mn] geO{ cfk\mg}x'g]jfnf b'nfxn] u/]sf] atfp“b} cfPsL l5g\ . cd]l/sL6]nLlehg g]6js{ ;L=Pg\=Pg\ ;“usf] cGt/jftf{sf] qmddf

;d/ ;fb cAb'Nnfxn] cfk'mnfO{ oftgf lbP/ aofg lnOPsf]atfPsL l5g\ . t/, pgsf] o; egfO{ k|lt xfn ;Dds;}n] jf:tf u/]sf] 5}g .

jf;g tfnLanfO{ #! cu:6 @))^ df O/fssf]s]lGb|o kmf}hbf/L cbfnt -;L=;L=;L=cfO{_ n] d[To'b08sf];hfo ;'gfPsf] lyof] . pgL dfly ;g\ @))% df aubfbsf]x]–cn–k'm/t lhNnf df O/fsL ;'/Iff kmf}+hsf sof}+ ;b:osf]xTofsf] cleof]u nufOPsf] 5 . pgn] o;df cfk\mgf] s'g};+nUgtf g/x]sf] atfPsL l5g\ . ;L=;L=;L=cfO{ n] oftgfaf6lnOPsf] aofgnfO{ dfGotf lbPsf]df P=cfO= ;'gjfxLsf]lgZkIftf k|lt rf;f] JoQm ub{5 .

O{/fs ;/sf/n] cu:6 @))$ df d[To'b08sf];hfo lbg kfpg] Joj:yf k'glh{jLt u/]sf] lyof] . o;}cGt/ut ! ;]K6]Da/ @))% df klxnf] k6s d[To'b08lbOPsf] lyof] eg] @))^ ;Dddf s'n ̂ % hgfnfO{ d[To'b08lbO;s]sf] 5 . o;df b'O{ dlxnf ;DdLnLt 5g\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 19

;d/ ;fb cAb'Nnfx / jf;g tfnLanfO{ d[To'b08 lbOPsf];+aGwdf rf;f] JoQm ub}{ To;nfO{ cfhLjg s}bfdf abNgtyf oftgfsf cf/f]ksf] lgZkIf 5fgljg ug{ ;+aGwLtclwsf/Lx?nfO{ cfu|x ub}{ kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ M;a} O{/fsL clwsf/Lsf] k\mofS; tyf O{–d]n 7]ufgf pknA45}g . cfk\mgf] kq O{/fsL b'tfjf; jf cGo s'6gLltslgof]u dfk{mt lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg'xf];\ MPresident Jalal Talabani, Prime Minister Nuri

Kamil al-Maliki

E-mail: [email protected]

;fpbL c/a M d[To'b08sf] hf]vLd .;fpbL c/a M d[To'b08sf] hf]vLd .;fpbL c/a M d[To'b08sf] hf]vLd .;fpbL c/a M d[To'b08sf] hf]vLd .;fpbL c/a M d[To'b08sf] hf]vLd .clkn z'? M cA6f]j/ @))&gfOh]/Lofsf gful/s ;'nLcdf]g cf]n]k]mdL xfn d[To'b08sf]hf]lvd p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ @))$ df ;fpbL c/adfd[To'b08 lbOPsf] ljZjf; 5 . pgL dfly @))@ df Pshgf;fpbL k|x/Lsf] xTof u/]sf] cf/f]k 5 .;'nLcdf]g cf]n]k]mdL cfk'm lgbf]{if /x]sf]atfp“5g\ .

k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ @*;]K6]Da/ @))@ df Pshgf k|x/L ;lxts]xL JolQm clk|msL gful/s sf/ ;kmfug]{ sfdbf/sf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ :yfgdfcfOk'U5g\ . Toxf“ lt JolQm / sf/ ;kmfug]{ sfdbf/ lar s'g} ljifodf ljjfba9\5 / kl5 To;}sf] lgpdf ePsf]em8kdf Pshgf k|x/Lsf] d[To' x'G5 . To;sf] csf]{ lbg;f] If]qdf ;fpbL k|x/Ln] ;fd'xLs lu/k\mtf/L cleofgcl3 a9fp“5 . ;'nLcdf]g cf]n]k]mdL ;lxt !@ hgf dfly;f] xTof ;+aGwdf d'2f rnfOG5 . pgLx?;“u s'g} sfg'gLk/fdz{bftf x'“b}gg\ / pgLx?nfO{ efiff cg'jfbs klglbOb}g . k'/} d'2fsf] ;'gjfxL pgLx?n] ga'e\mg] c/aLefiffdf ul/G5 .

;f]wk'5sf] ;do pgLx?nfO{ c/aL efiffdfn]lvPsf] aofgdf cf}7f+ 5fk nufOG5 . ;f] aofg pgLx?lj?4 k|of]u ul/Psf] x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg 5 . kqmfp kg]{dWo] s]xLn] cfk'mx?nfO{ oftgf lbOPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

xTof ePsf k|x/Lsf] afnaRrf ePdf pgLx?afnLu xf]pg\h]n;Dd ;'nLcdf]g cf]n]k]mdL h]ndf /xg;Sg] 5g\ . ;'nLcdf]g cf]n]k]mdLnfO{ Ifdf ug]{ jf IftLk'tL{df5f8\g] jf d[To'b08 lbg] eGg] s'/fsf] k}m;nf afnLueO;s]kl5 xTof ePsf k|x/Lsf] ;Gtfgn] ug]{ Joj:yf/x]sf] 5 . t/, lt k|x/Lsf] s'g} ;Gtfg gePsf]n] ;'nLcdf]gcf]n]k]mdLnfO{ s'g} klg a]nf d[To'b08 lbg ;lsg] 5 .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .;fpbL clwsf/Lx?nfO{ ;'nLcdf]g cf]n]k]mdLsf] d[To'b08sf];hfonfO{ cfhLjg s}bdf ;fg{, oftgfsf cf/f]ksf] lgZkIf5fgljg ug{ / gfOh]l/of ;/sf/nfO{ o; af/] kxn ug{cfu|x ub}{ kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ MHis Majesty King Abdullah bin ‘Abdul ‘Aziz Al-

Saud The Custodian of the two Holy Mosques

Office of His Majesty The King

Royal Court

Riyadh

Saudi Arabia

hfkfg M uf]Ko tj/n] d[To'b08 .hfkfg M uf]Ko tj/n] d[To'b08 .hfkfg M uf]Ko tj/n] d[To'b08 .hfkfg M uf]Ko tj/n] d[To'b08 .hfkfg M uf]Ko tj/n] d[To'b08 .clkn z'? M cA6f]j/ @))&

@# cu:6sf lbg ^) sfl6;s]sf tLghgfa[4nfO{ hfkfgdf e'm08fP/ d[To'b08 lbOof] . tfs]hfjf

xLk'mdL, Ojfdf]tf] of]zLof] / ;]ufjfsf]p;f]p dfly () sf] bzsdf xTofu/]sf] cf/f]k nufOPsf] lyof] .

tfs]hfjf xLk'mdLsf] ;'gjfxLsf]qmddf pgL dfgl;s ?kdf la/fdLePsf] kQf nfu]sf] lyof] . t/, o;sfafah'b GofowL;n] pgsf] clknvf/]h u/]sf lyP . gf} jif{;Dd h]ndf

/x“bf tfs]hfjf xLk'mdLn] dfgl;s pkrf/ k|fKt u/]–gu/]sf]af/] yfxf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

dfgl;s ?kdf af/dL aGbLx?nfO{ ;d]t d[To'b08lbPsf] hfkfgdf y'k|} 36gf b]Vg ;lsG5 . of] ;a} k|s[ofcToGt} uf]Ko tl/sfn] cl3 a9fOG5 . d[To'b08 lbOg'cl3 ;Dd aGbLsf] jlsn tyf kl/jf/nfO{ ;d]t va/


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷20

ul/b}g . k|fo ;+;b ;q g/x]sf] a]nf jf ;fj{hgLs 5'§Lsflbg kf/]/ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/G5 tfsL o;af/] ;+;b /;~rf/df ax; gxf];\ .hfkfgdf !)$ hgf d[To'b08sf] ;hfo s'l//x]sf] / s]xLn] ttLg bzs b]lv d[To'b08 ;+aGwL d'2f v]lk/x]sf] ljZjf; 5 .

cS6f]j/ ;g\ @))^ kl5 k'j{ Gofo dGqL gfuf;]hLg]gsf] sfo{sfndf !) hgfnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOPsf]cg'dfg 5 . pxf“ cl3 dGqfno ;DxfNg' ePsf ;'uLo'/f;]s]gn] JolQmut dfGotf cg'?k cfk\mgf] sfo{sfndf Pp6fklg d[To'b08 k'hL{df x:tfIf/ ug'{ ePsf] lyPg .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .

@))^ otf d[To'b08 k'gM lbg yflnPsf] af/]rf;f] JoQm ub} { o; dfly tTsfn /f]s nufpg,clwsf/Lx?nfO{ d[To'b08 ;+aGwdf ckgfOg] uf]Kotf e+uug tyf d[To'b08 pGd'ng af/] hgtf / ;+;bdf ax;rnfpg cfu|x ub}{ kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ MPrime Minister Fukuda Yasuo

Prime Minister

Prime Minister's Office

2-3-1 Nagata-cho

Chiyoda-ku

Tokyo 100-0014

Japan

Fax: +81 3 3592 0179

Email: [email protected] via website:

http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/forms/comment.html

clk|msf dxfb]zdf d[To'b08sf] l:ytL• ?jf08f M@& h'nfO{ @))& df ?jf08fn] d[To'b08

pGd'ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} d[To'b08sf];hfo kfPsf ^)) hgf aGbLsf] ;hfo cflhjgs}bdf kl/jt{g ul/Psf] 5 . d[To'b08sf] ;hfo pGd'ngug]{ ?jf08f !$ cf}+ clk|msL /fi6« ag]sf] 5 . !* j6fcGo b]z pGd'ng ug]{ k|s[ofdf 5g\ .

• u'j]gf M h'g @))& df u'j]gfsf Gofo tyf dfgjclwsf/ dGqL kfpn]6 sf]p/f]pdfn] cfk\mgf] ;/sf/

d[To'b08sf] ljkIfdf /x]sf] / o:tf] sfo{ gug]{ P=cfO{nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] 5 .

• gfOh]l/of M d] @))& df gfOh]l/of ;/sf/n] &) jif{gf3]sf ;a} aGbL / !) jif{ b]lv s}b ^) jif{ dflysf;a} s}bLnfO{ Ifdfbfg ul/g] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . oBkL,h'nfO{ ;Dddf d[To'b08sf] ;hfo e]mnL/x]sf s'g} klgaGbL d'Qm ul/Psf 5}gg\ . o;f] x'g'df k|zf;gLsk|s[of k|d'v /x]sf] h]n clwsf/Lx?sf] egfO 5 .gfOh]/Lofdf s'g} s'g} aGbL t laut @)–@% jif{ b]lvd[To'b08sf] ;hfo e]mnL/x]sf 5g\ .

• dfnL M sf:;f]d tfkf] ;+;bdf k'glg{jfrLt x'gfn]d[To'b08 pGd'ngsf] d'2fnfO{ ;+;b ;fd' Nofpg] af/]cfzf hufPsf] 5 . sf:;f]d tfkf] af/ P;f]l;o;gsfk'j{ k|d'v x'g\ . pgn] hgj/L @))& df d[To'b08pGd'ng ;+aGwL ljw]ossf] d:of}bf tof/ kf/]sf lyP .

• df]/L6flgof M cu:6 @))& df y'k|} dfgj clwsf/jfbL;+:yfx?n] d[To'b08 pGd'ngsf nflu Pp6f ;+u7gagfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . b]zdf o:tf] lsl;dsf]3f]if0ff ePsf] of] klxnf] cj;/ xf] .

O{/fsdf d[To'b08 M cGofosf] cf}hf/O{/fsdf ;g\ @))$ df d[To'b08sf] ;hfo

k'glh{jLt ul/Psf] lyof] . To; otf Toxf“ #)) hgfnfO{d[To'b08sf] ;hfo tf]ls;lsPsf] 5 . h;dWo] !))hgfnfO{ ;hfo lbO;sLPsf] 5 . lau|bf] ;'/Iff l:ytLdfd[To'b08 cfj:os /x]sf ] ts{ cl3 ;fb} { O{/fsLclwsf/Lx?n] o;nfO{ Ao'“tfPsf lyP . o;sf] tLg jif{kl5 klg d[To'b08sf];hfon] lx+;f sd u/]sf]s'g} ;+s]t b]Vg ;lsGg .; +o 'Qm /f i6 « ; +3sf ];xfos lgof]usf] tYof+scg ';f/ @))^ dfO{/sfdf ePsf lx+;fTds36gfdf kl/ dg]{x?sf] ;+Vof sDtLdf #$,$%@ 5 .

;2fd x';]gsf] zf;gsfndf -!(&(–@))#_ ;of}+jf a9Ldf s]xL xhf/ JolQmnfO{ d[To'b08 lbOPsf] lyof] .k|fo lt ;a} lgZkIf ;'gjfxLaf6 aGrLt x'Gy] . em08} @%


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 21

jif{sf] o:tf] zf;g e]mn]sf O{/fsL hgtfn] ;+ejtM sfg'gL/fHo s:tf] x'G5 eGg] g} lal;{;s] . lgZkIf ;'gjfxLsfnflu cfwf/e't k'jf{wf/sf] cefj O/fsdf AofKt 5 . v:sbf]+;'/Iff Joj:yfsf lar d[To'b08sf] ;hfo k'gM nfu' ul/g]s'\/f klxn] cg'dfg ul/;lsPsf] lyof] . o;}sf] cfwf/df;2fd x';]gnfO{ d[To'b08 lbO;lsPsf] 5, h'g Gofo eGbfklg abnfsf] ejgfaf6 k|]l/t b]lvG5 .

@))$ df kfl/t rf/j6f sfg'gn] d[To'b08nfO{Ao'“tfpg] sfd u/]sf] 5 . lt ;a} sfg'g cGt/f{li6«odfkb08nfO{ pNn+3g ug]{ lsl;dsf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsfnflu, ;jf]{Rr O{/fsL kmf}hbf/L ljif]z cbfntsf] ljwfgn]/fi6«klt ;lxt s;}nfO{ klg ljif]z cbfntåf/f lbOPsf]d[To'b08sf] ;hfonfO{ cfddfkmL lbg jf cGo ;hfodf?kfGt/ ug]{ clwsf/ lbPsf] 5}g . tyfslyt k|ltcft+ssf/L sfg'gsf] cfb]z ;+Vof !$ -@))%_ sf cg';f/æcft+ssf/LÆ ultljwLdf ;+nUg jf ;xof]u k'/fpg] hf]sf]xLnfO{ d[To'b08sf] ;hfo lbg ;lsG5 . æcft+ssf/LÆultljwLsf] JoVof eg] Hofb} c:ki6 / h:tf] ;'s} JofVofug{ ldNg] lsl;dsf] 5 .

;'g'jfxL cl3 6]lnlehgdf lbg nufOg] aofglrGtfsf] csf]{ ljifo xf] . P=cfO{ ;“u o:tf y'k|} pbfx/0f5g\, h;df aGbLnfO{ ank'j{s 6]lnlehg ;fd' ck/fw saf]nug{ nufOPsf] x'G5 . kl5 To:tf sof}+ JolQmn] cfk\mgf]aofg lkmtf{ lng] ub{5g\ . o:t} aofgsf cfwf/df s]xL5f8LPsf 5g\ eg] y'k|}nfO{ d[To'b08 lbg] ul/Psf] 5 .

oftgf lbP/ lnOg] aofg cbfntn] :jLsf/]sfyk|} k|df0f ;d]t e]l6g] u/]sf 5g\ . @))# otf aGbLx?dfly oftgf tyf b'Jo{jxf/sf y'k|} 36gf aflx/ cfPsf5g\ . s]xL s]xL cTofwLs rrL{t 36gfdf O{/fsL k|zf;gn]5fgljgsf] cfb]z ;d]t lbPsf] 5 . oBkL, o:tf y'k|}36gf 5g\ h;df bf]ifL dfly s'g} sf/jfxL g} ul/b}g .k|fo aGbL ljz]if u/]/ d[To'b08sf eflubf/ aGbLsf] klxnf]aofg k|x/L yfgfdf aGbL cj:yfdf lnOPsf x'G5 . cbfnt;fd' pkl:yt x'“bf ;d]t pgLx? ;“u aGbLu[xs} sd{rf/Lx'g] ub{5g\ . o:Tff] cj:yfdf GofowL; ;fd' cfk'mnfO{oftgf lbOPsf] atfpg aGbL 8/fpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .

oftgf, b08lxgtf / lx+;fsf] df/df k/]sf] O{/fsdfd[To'b08nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg' eg]sf] O{/fsL ;dfhnfO{ ykaa{tf{ tk{m ws]Ng' xf] . dfG5]sf] afRg kfpg] clwsf/nufotsf dfgj clwsf/ k|ltsf] k|lta4tf bf]x/fpg /o; tk{m sbd rfNg P=cfO{ k'gM O{/fs ;/sf/nfO{ cfu|xub{5 . p;n] tTsfn d[To'b08 dfly /f]s nufp“b} o;sf]pGd'ng tk{m sfo{ ug'{ kb{5 .o; ;+aGwdf yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu x]g'{xf];\ P=cfO{sf]k|ltj]bg–Unjust and unfair: the death penalty

in Iraq (MDE 14/014/2007).

pHa]sL:tfg M 8LdL6«L rLs'gf]esf] lrxfg .8LdL6«L rLs'gf]enfO{ ;g\ !((( df pHa]sL:tfgdfd[To'b08sf] ;hfo ;'gfOPsf] lyof] / !) h'nfO{ @))) dfdfl/Psf] lyof] . xTofsf] cf/f]k nfu]sf pgnfO{ lx/f;tdfaf/Daf/ ck/fw saf]n ug{ oftgf lbg] ul/GYof] .pgsL cfdf tfdf/f rLs'gf]en] pgL;“u e]6\g cflwsf/Ls?kdf !! h'nfO{ @))) sf] ;do kfPsL lyOg\ . t/,To;sf] Ps lbg cl3 g} 8LdL6«L rLs'gf]enfO{ dfl/of] .aGbLu[xsf uf8{n] pgsL cfdfnfO{ csf]{ lbg cfpg eg] ./ ha pgL !@ h'nfO{ @))) df Toxf“ k'lug\ pgnfO{8LdL6«L rLs'gf]enfO{ b'O{ lbg cl3 dfl/Psf] ;"rgf lbOof] .8LdL6«L rLs'gf]enfO{ uf]Ko lrxfgdf ufl8Psf] 5 . sof}+jif{sf] cleofgsf afah'b pgsL cfdfnfO{ cfk\mgf] 5f]/fsf]lrxfgaf/] ce}m ;Dd hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5}g .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq n]Vg'xf];\ .clwsf/Lx?nfO{ 8LdL6«L rLs'gf]esf] lrxfg af/] pgsf]kl/jf/nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] cfu|x ub}{ kq n]Vg'xf];\ .kq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ Mkq lgDg 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' xf];\ MPresident Islam Karimov

Rezidentsia prezidenta

ul. Uzbekistanskaia 43

700163 Tashkent

Uzekistan

Fax: + 998 71 139 53 25; + 998 71 139 15 17

(via Foreign Ministry)Email: [email protected]


;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷22

eQmk'/P=cfO{= dlxnf ;d'x %) / dlxnf h]l;h eQmk'/sf]

;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ut ebf}+ !^ ut] HIV/AIDS /f]u /o;jf6 jRg] pkfox?sf jf/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zon]afu]Zj/L pRr df=lj=sf sIff !@ sf ljBfyL{x?sf nflu

ljljw ultljlw

P=cfO{= ;d'x $! lj/f6gu/ sf ;+:yfks ;b:o tyflgjt{dfg sf]iffWoIf sdnk|;fb uf}tdsf k'hgLo

lktf :juL{o ljZjgfy uf}tdsf] @)^$ ;fpg !* ut]*) jif{sf] pd]/df :juf{/f]x0f ePsf] x'Fbf d[t cfTdfsf] rL/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/ k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

;dj]bgf

r]tgf d"ns sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/of] . ;f] sfo{qmddf;+:yfks ljBf /fhe08f/L, ;+of]hs /Tg dfoFf ;'jfn,pkfWoIf of]lutf xf8f, ;lrj lg? tfNrfe8]n, sf]iffWofIfd+unf duh' / cGo ;b:ox?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .sfo{qmddf :s"nsf ljBfyL{x? ;+Vof $) hgf ;xefuL/x]sf] lyof] . ;fy} k|lzIfs C.W.C. sf u0f]z nf]xgLn]pQm tflnd ;+rfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

To;} u/L ut ebf}+ @* ut] P=cfO{= dlxnf ;d'x%) / dlxnf h]l;hsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf tLh sfo{qmdh]l;h ejg eQmk'/df cfof]hgf eof] . sfo{qmddf

;+:yfks ljBf /fhe08f/L, ;+of]hs /Tg dfoFf ;'jfn,pkfWoIf of]lutf xf8f, ;lrj lg? tfNrfe8]n, sf]iffWoIfd+unf duh', s[i0fZj/L xf8f, /ldnf dlbsld{ / cGo;b:ox? tyf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Lx? u/Lpkl:ylt ;+Vof $) hgf /x]sf] lyof] .kmnkm"n ljt/0f tyf o'y k|lzIf0f ;DkGg

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;]K6]Da/–cS6f]j/ @))&÷ 23

yfkfnfO{ Ps ;d/f]xsf jLr kmf]xf]/ d}nf ;+sng ug{sfnflu P=cfO{= ;d'x *@ sf] ;f}hGo n]vL 8:6jLgx?x:tfGt/0f ul/of] . ;f] sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf ;Nnfxsf/ljZj]Zj/ k/fh'nL, ;+of]hs k'0ok|;fb kf}8]n, pk–;+of]hslgd{njfj' >]i7 / jfn ;+/If0f s]Gb|sf cWoIf ?b|axfb'/yfkfn] jfn clwsf/sf] af/]df jf]Ng' ePsf] lyof] . ;+rfng;lrj b]jd0fL e08f/Ln] ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

To;} u/L ;d'x *@ sf] cfof]hgfdf Ps lbj;Loo'jf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . ;f] sfo{qmdsf]pb\3f6g :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL x]/Dak|;fb sf]O/fnfn]ug'{eof] . pxfFn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;fy;fy} /fHon]o'jfx?nfO{ ;a} k|sf/sf sfddf k|d'v lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkg'kb{5eGg'eof] . PDg]:6L g]kfnsf s]lGb|o dxf;lrj rGb|s'df/clwsf/Ln] PDg]:6Lsf] gLlt cg';f/ ljZjJofkL?kdf dfgjclwsf/sf] If]qdf o'jfx?sf] ;xeflutf a9fpb} hfg] jtfpb}/fHon] zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] gfddf b08lxgtfnfO{ a9fjflbg] / ck/fwLx?nfO{ 5'6 lbg] sfd ug{ gx'g]df hf]8lbg'eof] . P=cfO{= sf k"j{ s]lGb|o ;efklt k|bLk kf]v|]nn]xfdL dfgj clwsf/jfbLx?n] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;fy;fy}b]zdf gful/sn] kfpgkg]{ ;a} clwsf/sf] af/]df ;s[oeO nfUg'kg]{ jtfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf PDg]:6Lsf k"j{ s]lGb|o;b:o lgns07 zdf{, s]lGb|o ;b:o ljqmd 9's'5',;Nnfxsf/ ljZj]Zj/ k/fh'nL ;d"x *@ sL ;x;lrjlutf lji6, ;d"x %$ sf dx]Gb| k/fh'nL, ;x ;+of]hslgd{nafa' >]i7n] af]NGf'eof] . sfo{qmd PDg]:6L *@ sf;+of]hs k'0ok|;fb kf}8]nsf] cWoIftdf ePsf] pQmsfo{qmddf ;lrj b]jd0fL e08f/Ln] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .kf]v/f / n]vgfy u/L ^) hgf o'jf ;b:ox?sf];xeflutdf k|lzIf0f rGb|s'df/ clwsf/L / ljqmd 9's'5'n]lbg'eof] .

;d'x !& sf] ;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGgP=cfO{= g]kfn ;d'x !& eQmk'/sf] ut ebf}+ @(

ut] ;DkGg jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efn] ;'/]zdfg nfv]sf];efkltTjdf gofF sfo{;ldt rog u/]sf] 5 . ;d'xsf];lrjdf ;To Tjfogf, sf]iffWoIfdf sdn/fh yfkf,;b:ox?df nIdL kmf] +h", ?sd0fL l;+Vjfn, ls/0flzNksf/, u+ufk|;fb nfn'jf /xg' ePsf] 5 eg];Nnfxsf/df ljqmd 9's'5', Zofd ;'Gb/ vfOt' x'g'x'G5 .

eQmk'/sf] k|l;4 led;]g l:yt k|f]lS;df OG6/g]zgnPs]8]dLdf ;DkGg ;fwf/0f;efsf] pb\3f6g P=cfO{= g]kfnsfs]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf k|ltlglw lutf Gof}kfg]n] ug'{ ePsf]lyof] . ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;b:o sdn/fh yfkfn] z'esfdgfdGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf ;d'x;Nnfxsf/ ljqmd 9's'5' tyf ;lrj ;To Tjogfn] ;d'xk'gM j9L z;Qm ?kdf ;~rfng x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fwf/0f;efn] ;d'xsf tkm{af6 k]Zf ePsfk|ltj]bgx? ;j{;Ddtjf6 kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] .

;fwf/0f;efn] ;j{;Ddtdf gofF sfo{;ldlt rogu/]sf]df sfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ awfO{ tyfz'esfdgf JoQm ub}{ s]lGb|o k|ltlgwL lutf Gof}kfg] v';LJoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf ;efklt tyf gjul7tsfo{;ldltsf ;+of]hs ;'/]zdfg nfv]n] ;d"xnfO{ ljutdfem}F a9L ;zQm ?kdf ;+rfng ul/g] tyf ;d"xsf ;Dk'0f{;b:ox?sf] efjgf ;d]6L sfo{ ul/g] k|ltj4tf JoQmug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

PDg]:6L cleofgsf] ljdf]rgP=cfO{= g]kfn ;d'x– $# ag]kfsf] cfof]hgfdf ut

c;f]h !@ ut]sf lbg æPDg]:6L cleofgÆ - jif{ ( c+s !_4}dfl;s Jf'n]6Lgsf] Ps ;df/f]xsf ljr ljdf]rg u/Lof] .j'n]l6gsf] ljdf]rg sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly /f=sf=;= k"j{

;efklt tyf jtf{dfg ;Nnfxsf/ k|bLk kf]v/]nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;df/f]xdf ;d'x – $# ag]kfn] ub}{cfPsf] sfo{x?sf] ;/xgf ub}}{ k|d'v cltly kf]v/]nn]j'n]6Lg k|slzt ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf]df v';LJoSQ ug'{ eof] . ag]kf ;d'x –$# sf ;Nnfxsf/ /fh';/sf/ n] æPDg]:6L cleofgÆ 4}dfl;s j'n]6Lg k|sfzg


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ug]{ sfd P]ltxfl;s ePsf] ljrf/ /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]cj;/df /f=sf=;= ;b:o uLtf Gof}kfg]n] ;d'x –$# n] ub}{cfPsf sfo{x?n] P=cfO{=sf] ul/df j9fPsf] atfpg' eof] .sfo{qmdsf ;efklt Pj+ ;d'x ;+of]hs l;l4uf]kfndfGfGw/n] j'n]6Lg k|sfzg sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] k|of;ePsf]df v';L JoQm ug'{ eof] / ;'emfj cg';f/ j'n]6Lgk|sfzgdf yk ;'wf/ ub}{ nfg] k|ltj4tf JoQm ug'{ eof] .dGtJosf] qmddf qmdzM k"j{ k|sfzg ;Dkfbs e'if0f ef]dL/ ;Dkfbs s[i0f k|wfgn] cf–cfˆgf] ljrf/ JoSt ug'{eof] . ;d'x ;lrj xl/zrGb| dfgGw/n] sfo{qmd ;+rfngug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] pk;+of]hs lx/f zdf{ g]kfnn]

wGojfb lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

kgf}tLdf lrofkfg sfo{qmd ;DkGgP=cfO{= ;d"x &@ sf] cfof]hgfdf ut sflQs !

ut] ;fd'blos dfWolds jf]l8{Ë :s"nsf] xndf ;d'xsf]

k|ltj]bg, ;b:o Zff]ef x'dfufO{+n] :jfut dGtJo, ;Nnfxsf/;hg >]i7, ;+:yfks ljZjgfy tfd|fsf/, cltly ljqmd9's'5]n] dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|:t'tk|ltj]bg ;j{;Ddltn] kfl/t ePsf lyP .

o'ysf nflu tflndP=cfO{= g]kfn ;d'x $% kf“ry/sf] cfof]hgdf

;d'x cGt{utsf o'y ;b:ox?sf nflu ut cf;f]h #ut] ;b:otf ljsf; tflnd sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] .P=cfO{= g]kfnsf s]lGb|o ;b:o 5lj af“:sf]6fsf] pkl:yltdfePsf] sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g zqsf] cWoIftf ;d'xsf;+of]hs ob'gfy kf]v|]nn] ug'{eof] eg] sfo{qmd ;+rfno'y ;d'xsf ;b:o zld{nf vgfnn] ug'{eof] . ;d'xsL;b:o ;~h' l3ld/]n] :jfut dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .;f] ! lbg] ;b:otf ljsf; tflndsf] ;xlhs/0fP=cfO{=g]kfnsf s]lGb|o ;b:o 5lj af“:sf]6f / ;d'x

;+of]hs ob''gfy kf]v|]nn] ug'{eof] .tflnddf ;xeflu !% hgf ;b:ox?

/x]sf lyP . tflndsf] cGTodf ;xeflux?dWo] z'l;n >]i7n] / /fwf /fdn] tflnd cToGt}k|efjsf/L ePsf] / o'jfx?sf nflu cToGt}1fgjw{s /x]sf] jtfPsf lyP . s]lGb|o ;b:o5lj af “ :sf ]6 fn ] tf lndaf6 dfqdfgjclwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{ ug{ / cWoognfO{cufl8 a9fpg pT;fx ldNg] ePsf] x'“bf o;vfn] tflndx? k|bfg ug]{ gLltnfO{ P=cfO{=n]cfufdL lbgdf emg} ltj|tf lbg] jtfpg'eof] .To;} u/L ;f]xL ;d'xsf] cfof]hgfdf ut c;f]h!* ut] k'g o'y ;b:otf ljsf; tflnd ;DkGgeof] . s]lGb|o ;b:o 5lj af“:sf]6fsf]

pkl:yltdf ;f] sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g zqsf] cWoIftf;d'xsf ;+of]hs ob'gfy kf]v|]nn] ug'{eof] eg] sfo{qmd;+rfng o'jf ;d'xsf ;b:o zfGtf /fO{n] ug'{eof] . ;d'xsL;b:o Hof]lt g]pkfg]n] :jfut efif0f ug"{ ePsf] lyof] .tflnddf ;xeflu !% hgf ;b:ox? /x]sf lyP .tflndsf] cGTodf ;xeflux? dWo] km'ns'df/L nfjtL /k|sfz pk|]ltn] tflnd cToGt} k|efjsf/L nfu]sf] k|lts[oflbg'eof] .

cw{–jflif{s ;ldIff uf]i7L tyf ljhof bzdLsf] pknIodf

lrofkfg tyf z'esfdgf cfbfg k|bfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg

eof] . ;f] sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cfltYotf s]lGb|o dxf;lrj

rGb|s'df/ clwsf/Ln] / cWoIftf ;+of]hs s[i0faxfb'/>]i7n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ;x;lrj s[i0fs'df/ >]i7n]sfo{qmd ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;lrj k"0f{ s'df/>]i7n] k|ult k|ltj]bg, sf]iffWoIf gj/fh lh;Ln] cly{s


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nvg b] pm] · tnm dofgdf/df eo/x]sf dfgj clwsf/ pnn3] +g tyf gfu/ls clwsf/ dflysf ] bdg ttsfn agb...

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