OLED元件操作壽命之提昇

林政賢

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

Outline

Band Diagram of OLED

OLED 優點與缺點

• 自發光，不需要背光模組 • 高亮度• 響應時間短 (< 2 μs) • 高對比 • 廣視角 ( 接近 180o) • 重量輕、厚度薄 • 構造簡單，低成本 • 可撓性 ( 塑膠基底 ) • 可全彩化

• 壽命短• 高驅動電壓• 光譜寬

優 點 缺 點

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

OLED Display

Sony

11 inch, XEL-1

3mm thickness

OLED Lighting

OLED

LED

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

Passive Matrix Driving

Active Matrix Driving

Scan line

Dat

a li

ne

Active Matrix Driving

Cross Section of Bottom Emitting AMOLED

Cross Section of Top Emitting AMOLED

Passive Matrix (PM)

Active Matrix (AM)

Easy-fabrication and Low-cost

High power consumption and Short lifetime

Suitable for large size and Long lifetime

The thin-film transistor decreases the aperture ratio

Advantages

Advantages

Disadvantages

Disadvantages

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

Process of OLED

Substrate

Pillar PillarPillar Pillar

ITO

Negative PR

Proximity Aligner (broad band)hv

Negative Resist Coating

SEM Profile

Full Color Capability

Patterned Lateral RGB Emitters

Fine Pitch Shadow Mask requirements:– Resolution– Undercut angle– Surface roughness– Holding mechanism– Thermal stability

Physical Vapor Deposition

距離遠，材料易浪費

Ink Jet Printing (IJP)

Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI)

Laser-induced Pattern-wise Sublimation (LIPS)

整體圖

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

Singlet and Triplet Exciton

hv

Singlet ground state

Singlet excited state

Triplet excited state

: Spin up

: Spin down

Spin Angular Momentum Vector of Electron with Different Spin States

ħ/2 ħ 3 / 2

Z

ħ/2ħ 3 / 2

Z

Coupling of Spin Angular Momenta of Two electrons

θ1 θ0 θ-1Σ

1/4 3/4

Z

Singlet Triplet

Energy Transfer

Phosphorescent OLED

Ref. : M. A. Baldo et al., APL, 75, 4, 1999

OLED Device Structure

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

Bottom Emission OLED

Barix Layer

Al2O3

polyacyrlate

使水氣不易進入

Barix Layer

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)

Al(CH3)3 (g) + :Si-O-H (s) → :Si-O-Al(CH3)2 (s) + CH4

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)

OH 取代 CH3

2H2O (g) + :Si-O-Al(CH3)2 (s) → :Si-O-Al(OH)2 (s) + 2CH4

AlOx with ALD

aa

bb

cc

No passivation

ALD passivation

Glass lid encap

Outline

• Introduction

• OLED display and Lighting

• PM and AM Driving

• OLED Fabrication

• Device Physics

• Passivation Layer

• Tandem OLED

Stacked OLED

Stacked OLED

Stacked OLED