指導老師：張耀仁 老師指導老師：張耀仁 老師學號：學號： 94766139476613姓名：廖泰成姓名：廖泰成

Mobile Web ServicesMobile Web Services

Ontologies for mobile Ontologies for mobile serviceservice

OutlineOutline Concepts and useConcepts and use Ontology exchangeOntology exchange W3C CC/PPW3C CC/PP FIPA’s ontology serviceFIPA’s ontology service Otology designOtology design

Concepts and useConcepts and use explicit specification of a explicit specification of a

conceptualizationconceptualization Facilitate the exchange of Facilitate the exchange of

informationinformation Drawing implemented systemDrawing implemented system extract and aggregate extract and aggregate

informationinformation

Ontology exchangeOntology exchange Very useful in dynamic Very useful in dynamic

environmentenvironment Heuristic graph traversal Heuristic graph traversal

algorithmalgorithm Bridge differing taxonomiesBridge differing taxonomies

Ontology exchangeOntology exchange

Stores

Expense Category

Luxury Median Other

Discount

Stores

Matches Inexpensive

Matches

※ Service and user ontology trees ： Matching terms

Shopping Service ontology

tree

User ontology

tree

W3C CC/PPW3C CC/PP Composite Capabilities / Preference Composite Capabilities / Preference

ProfilesProfiles Specify how client devices express their Specify how client devices express their

capabilities and preferencescapabilities and preferences ""user agent profileuser agent profile" produce appropriate " produce appropriate

content to the client devicecontent to the client device Particular attention is being paid to other Particular attention is being paid to other

kinds of devices such as mobile phones.kinds of devices such as mobile phones.

W3C CC/PPW3C CC/PP

WAP Gateway

WAP push proxy gateway

Profile Server

WAP Server

Send capabilities and preferences

Query for capabilities and preferences

Internet

Web Content

CC/PP Profiles

※ ※ CC/PP architecture in a WAP CC/PP architecture in a WAP environmentenvironment

URL

W3C CC/PPW3C CC/PP

Web Content

Web Content

Http GET

Response

HTTP Gateway ※ Client initiated

Response

HTTP OPTIONS

HTTP POST

Push proxy gateway ※ Server initiated

※ ※ Transport of profiles from client to origin serverTransport of profiles from client to origin serverX - wap - profile X - wap - profile X - wap - profile X - wap - profile diffdiff

X-wap-profile-X-wap-profile-warningwarning

X- wap – profile X- wap – profile X- wap – profile- X- wap – profile- diffdiff

X–wap–profile-X–wap–profile-warningwarning

W3C CC/PPW3C CC/PP

Web Content

Web Content

WSP GET

Response

HTTP Gateway ※ Client initiated

Response

HTTP CONNECT

HTTP POST

Push proxy gateway ※ Server initiated

HTTP GET

Response

WSP CONNECT

Response

WAP PUSH

※ ※ WSP protocol for client profile transportWSP protocol for client profile transport

FIPA’s ontology serviceFIPA’s ontology service FFoundation for oundation for IIntelligent ntelligent

PPhysical hysical AAgentsgents Recognized the shared Recognized the shared

ontologiesontologies Provide common application Provide common application

vocabularyvocabulary Managed separately client Managed separately client

applicationsapplications

FIPA’s ontology serviceFIPA’s ontology serviceOntology

O1

User A

User B

Ontology agent

Ontology server O1

Ontology O2

Ontology server O2

Quality

Best Normal

Service

Service

Best Normal

※ ※ Quality searchQuality search

QualitQualityy

User AUser A

User BUser B

FIPA’s ontology serviceFIPA’s ontology serviceOntology

O1

User A

User B

Ontology agent

Ontology server O1

Ontology O2

Ontology server O2

Quality

Best Normal

Service

Service

Best Normal

※ ※ Picture exchangePicture exchange User AUser A

User BUser B

QQ

Otology designOtology design

Creative by individual domainCreative by individual domain Requires consensus multiple Requires consensus multiple

partiesparties Use hierarchical descriptionsUse hierarchical descriptions More complicate extensionsMore complicate extensions Automated ontology generationAutomated ontology generation

How is an ontology generatedHow is an ontology generated

Otology designOtology design

Without universally ruleWithout universally rule GruberGruber ：： Exhibit clarityExhibit clarity FernandezFernandez ：： OntoClean OntoClean

methodologymethodology

Criteria for ontology design Criteria for ontology design and evaluationand evaluation

Otology designOtology design

Personal Travel

Assistant Agent

Travel Broker Agent

Airlines Travel Service Agent

Hotels Travel Service Agent

Cars Travel Service Agent

Restaurants Travel Service Agent

Shared travel

ontology

※ ※ FIPA’s Personal FIPA’s Personal Travel Assistant Travel Assistant agent architecture agent architecture with shared ontology with shared ontology

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