operations 103 financial health, class 6
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Operations 103 Financial Health, Class 6. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Operations 103Financial Health, Class
6
Today’s Topic
This class will examine both internal and external reporting mechanisms. We will examine the efficient use of financial resources and a comparative analysis to other churches. Along the way we will examine options for financial indicators and methods for determining the financial health of your church. This will help you assess the financial strength and health of your church. You will able to compare benchmarks of other churches to your church. This type of data will improve your financial stewardship, allow for strategic decisions and identify areas for improvement.
Stan Reiff
Stan is a Principal with CapinCrouse, serving as the National Director of Outsourced Financial Services and as a member of the firm’s national consulting services team. He has over 20 years in ministry operations, public accounting, government accounting, and missionary work. He has been the COO for a large financial ministry. This leadership experience provided him the opportunity to oversee the day-to-day operations and sustainability of the ministry, which encompassed human resources, technology, sales and marketing, global presence, volunteer involvement, and funding.
Performance MeasurementsStan Reiff, CPA, CGMAPartnerNational Director, Denominational & Church Services
Overview
• Common issues affecting churches• Things to be aware of• Ratios
Cash flow and reserves Asset ratios Debt ratios Income ratios Expense ratios
Common Issues Affecting the Church
• Contributions have been down• Attendance may be up• Attendees needs have increased• Debt incurred in “good times” has fixed
consequences• Credit is not readily available
Measuring Financial Health
• How do the financial resources of the church compare with other churches?
• What are the most appropriate key performance indicators for the church?
• Does the church have adequate financial resources to accomplish its mission?
• Is the church accomplishing its strategic goals
Dashboard Data
Category Measures
Finance Cash, debt, contributions
Accounting Timeliness, checks, JEs
Information Technology Downtime, backups, space
Human Resources FTEs, turnover, satisfaction
Ministry Decisions, baptisms, volunteers, number of new members
Facilities Maintenance, capacity
Demographics Attendance, donors, visitors
Website Hits, visit duration, viewers, giving
“Everything that can be counted does not necessarily count; everything that counts
cannot necessarily be counted.”
— Albert Einstein
Every Church Should be Aware of
Monthly giving trends: Impacts budgeting Impacts when expenses are planned Determine need for EFT giving (or other creative options) Shows reliance on reserves or a line of credit
Consider tracking contributions per attendee or per giving unit
Every Church Should be Aware of
Debt covenant requirements Financial statement deadlines No other debt (leases, etc) Debt coverage ratios Other ratios
Every Church Should be Aware of
Cash availability Cash less payables and temporarily restricted Not how much cash, but whose cash
Cash reserve ratio Cash/(expenses/12) Reserves are critical especially where services could
be disrupted (blizzards)
Ratios – Cash flow and reserve
• Expendable reserves ratio – how many days of operation are currently available
• Coverage ratio – number of days of operation available from cash flow and LOC
• Liquidity ratio – how current cash investments covers cover liabilities
• Net cash availability – cash available for items after current liabilities and temporarily restricted net assets
2008 2009 Average0
50100150200250
241
14.734.1
Expendable Reserves Ra-tio
# of Days
Benchmark: 30-60 Days
2008 2009 Average0
50100150200250300
54
291
122
Coverage Ratio
# of Days
Benchmark: 120-180 Days
2008 2009 Average02468
1010
2.1
4.7
Liquidity Ratio
Liquidity
$(400,000) $(200,000)
$- $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000
$1,000,000 5.325 Mil
-240,228
-133,047
Net Cash Availability
Cash Available
Benchmark: 5.0 Benchmark: >0
Ratios – Asset Ratios
• Assets per attendee
• Average age of facilities
• Assets per FTE
2008 2009 Average $-
$2,000 $4,000 $6,000 $8,000
$10,000 $12,000 $14,000 $12,722 $12,796
$8,265
Assets Per Attendee
Assets
2008 2009 Average02468
1012 10.7
11.6
6.9
Average Age of Facilities
Age
2008 2009 Average $-
$100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $523,411
$432,950 $401,650
Assets per FTE
Assets
Ratios – Debt Ratios
• Debt to unrestricted support – debt is how many times the annual unrestricted support?
• Debt to fixed assets – how leveraged are the assets (from a cost perspective)?
• Mandatory debt service to unrestricted contributions – is it manageable?
• Debt average per attendee – good comparison between organizations
2008 2009 Average0
0.5
1
1.5
2
1
0.1
1.6
Debt to Unrestricted Support
Debt Ratio
Benchmark: <or = 3.0
2008 2009 Average0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.31
0.04
0.45
Debt to Fixed Assets
Debt Ratio
Benchmark: < .35
2008 2009 Average0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%10.90%
3.80%
14.00%
Mandatory Debt Service to Unrestricted Contributions
Percentage
2008 2009 Average $-
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000 3,980
464
2,847
Debt Average per Attendee
Debt
Benchmark: < 30%Benchmark: $11,167
Ratios – Income Ratios
• Net income ratio – amount of net income as compared to total unrestricted revenue
• Contributions per attendee – this information is a good trend to watch (or use giving units)
• Unrestricted giving per FTE – when compared to other churches this provides you an idea of appropriate staffing levels based on the budget
2008
2009
Averag
e
-2.0%-1.0%0.0%1.0%2.0%3.0%4.0%
3.7% 3.8%
-1.7%
Net Income Ratio
Percentage
2008 2009 Average$0
$1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $4,087 $3,860
$2,608
Contributions Per Attendee
Amount
2008 2009 Average $-
$20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000
$100,000 $120,000
$117,578 $116,780
$97,797
Unrestricted Giving per FTE
Amount
Benchmark: Positive Benchmark:$1,200 Good$1,500 Above Average>=$2,000 Strong
Ratios – Expense Ratios
• Salaries and benefits as a percentage of income and/or expense – good comparison with other churches to determine appropriateness of compensation
• Missions as a percentage of total expense• Facilities as a percentage of total expense• Expenses per average attendee – what is the total
cost per person in your church?
2008 2009 Average36.00%38.00%40.00%42.00%44.00%46.00%48.00%
40.50%
43.50%
46.30%
Salaries & Benefits
Percentage
2008 2009 Average0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%
10.00%12.00%
1.40% 1.10%
11.30%
Missions
Percentage
2008 2009 Average0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%
10.00%12.00%14.00%
10.80%12.00%
13.10%
Facilities
Percentage
2008 2009 Average $-
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000 5,980 5,464
2,847
Expenses per Average At-tendee
Amount
Benchmark: 40-50% Benchmark: 10-25%
Benchmark: Maximum 15%
Church Financial Health Index™
• Days of expendable reserves
• Percent of operating cash on hand
• Net cash provided (used) by operations
• Coverage ratio
• Liquidity ratio
• Net cash availability
Church Financial Health Index
• Property and equipment per attendee
• Average age of facility
• Assets (including PPE) per FTE
• Assets (excluding PPE) per FTE
Church Financial Health Index
• Debt to unrestricted support
• Debt to total support
• Debt to property and equipment
• Current ratio
• Debt per average of attendees and giving units
• Debt coverage
Church Financial Health Index™
• Net income ratio
• Total contributions per average attendees and giving units
• Percent of median household income given
• Unrestricted giving per FTE
• Revenues per accounting FTE
Church Financial Health Index™
• Salaries and benefits as a percent of contributions
• Average salaries and benefits per FTE
• Personnel and mandatory debt service payments as a percent of total expenses
• Interest expense as a percent of contributions
• Facility expense as a percent of contributions
Performance Dashboards
“Like a magnifying glass, a performance dashboard can focus people and teams on the
key things they need to do to succeed. It provides executives, managers, and workers timely and relevant information so they can
measure, monitor, and manager their progress toward achieving key strategic objectives.”
— Wayne Eckerson, Performance Dashboards
Questions
Questions from the Reading by Chris Calvert
Chapter 11: Legal Matters1) What legal issues discussed in Chapter 11 do you find the most
confusing or hard to keep track of? What have you found to be the best source of help in areas of confusion?
2) Do you use a payroll company? What are some of the advantages or disadvantages of using a payroll company?
Chapter 12: Debt3) In your opinion, should a church aggressively work to pay off their
debt or rather just chip away at it while financing other ministry areas instead? Why do you think so?
4) How have you seen attitudes toward "good debt" (debt on appreciating assets) change over the years? What would you say is the prevailing attitude toward it in your church these days?