opi_wqr3-2514

ozone technologies ltd

PO Box 655, Napier, 4110, New Zealand | email: [email protected] | office: +64 6 843 2881 | fax: +64 6 843 2441 | www.ozonenz.com

One Pure International Group Limited Water Quality Report

2nd May 2014

OPI_WQR3‐2514.doc

Inquiries or requests to:

Email: [email protected]

Ozone Technologies Limited,

PO Box 655, Napier 4110, New Zealand

DISCLAIMER:

Every effort has been made to ensure this publication is accurate. However, because research and development can involve extrapolation and interpretation of uncertain data, Ozone Technologies will not be responsible for any error or omission in this publication unless specifically agree otherwise in writing. To the extent permissible by law, neither Ozone Technologies nor any person involved in this publication accepts any liability for any loss or damage whatsoever that may directly or indirectly result from any advice, opinion, representation, statement or omission, whether negligent or otherwise, contained in this publication.

Report by: Dr Alexander Rodionov

2779 One Pure Source water report Ozone Technologies Ltd

2 One Pure International Ltd OPL‐WQR2‐4314


Introduction We have been requested to provide an evaluation of the One Pure water and its source, as we have devoted considerable time and resources to understanding the nature and composition of water on a profound basis, and have specialist water science and technology knowledge.

It is probably best to compare any particular water with water from a natural source with an ideal combination of properties that make up its goodness and benefit to our health. We must consider that our civilization through the ages has been drinking water from natural sources at hand and as such we can consider that humans have evolved based on drinking this water. Therefore drinking water from an unnatural source or an extensively treated water would be regarded as not as nature had intended.

Following its global natural cycle, water evaporates from the land and seas’ where it then condenses at the dew point into rain or a frozen form and starts its passage over the earth, forming the rivers and aquifers where it re‐enters the world’s oceans to start all over again. Inevitably the water is polluted in the course of its travel with both organic and inorganic contaminants; however its natural self‐cleaning ability helps maintain the balance in the environment. In this day and age the balance is getting heavily compromised and water is becoming irreversibly contaminated due to industrialisation, overpopulation and associated pollution of our planet.

New Zealand is part of the Southern Hemisphere with low population levels. This clean, green and naturally beautiful country is surrounded by large expanses of pristine oceans, with an economy largely based on natural farming practises. New Zealand is a nuclear free country, with low levels of industrialisation and associated contamination as compared to most other countries. Therefore we can consider New Zealand to be an ideal source for truly natural water.

An Ideal Water to Drink Water is a true miracle in our lives, the simplest and at the same time one of the most difficult to understand phenomena on the planet. Existing largely in three forms – gaseous, liquid and solid, this mysterious substance represents the most abundant mineral on the Earth’s surface. Many civilizations in the history of mankind have discovered a whole wealth of knowledge about water; however a lot of its secrets still remain unveiled.

Surprisingly, no chemical or biochemical conversion would be possible without water which is always the main active agent in any reaction. Salt wouldn’t taste salty without it, neither would sugar be sweet.

There is no life without water. According to Victor Schauberger and Dr Masaru Emoto, water plays the role of the blood of our planet and more so, water itself acts like a living being




having a body, energy, memory and behaviour. This liquid mineral has an overwhelming ability to acquire memory about everything it once came in contact with and keeps its memory for a long period of time. Once contaminated, the water retains some of the properties including memory even when the pollutants are removed. After the contact with other minerals and organisms the water becomes a carrier of their properties too, e.g. dissolved matter, supporting life and sustenance, and playing a globally nourishing and harmonizing role which is difficult to overestimate.

Water is the major part of the human body averaging 70% of its mass. Its content rises up to 83% in the blood and 85% in the brain leaving no doubt in it playing a critically important role in our metabolism and thinking process. Consequently, the quality of our waters is intimately related to the clarity of our thinking and autonomous processes.

There is one crucial parameter of water that outshines all other properties which is its ability to support life, its vitality. Water begins to acquire this energy after being evaporated and condensing to form rain. The rain water gets energized by the atmosphere which is the first step to gaining revitalising properties. On reaching the earth it then passes through its surface and ends up in the aquifer emerging many years later bearing its unique tapestry of mineralisation. This second step provides added value. It is this water by its nature we should consider a true and natural water being most suitable for the human body. The strength of natural water lies in the fact that the liquid passes through an aquifer where the water molecules are organized in clusters charged with the lattice energy from the minerals present. As a result the groundwater becomes structured at the molecular level and balanced with dissolved minerals that make up its complex natural matrix. The structured matrix acts as a reliable shield protecting the body of water. Energy level reaches its maximum in these living waters, e.g. groundwater aquifers, such as One Pure source water.

The vitality of the water dramatically decreases after chemical treatment, boiling (evaporated waters where the natural structure of the water is completely destroyed), Reverse Osmosis (RO) filtration or chlorination. Unfortunately the denatured water is very common in the bottled waters which employ these techniques. We must consider that most bottled waters treated in this manner require denaturing due to the source water being contaminated and non‐compliant with quality requirements and requiring standardization for commercial reasons. These waters are left denatured and/or demineralised, which makes them highly unstable and lacking any natural structure. Any attempt to add structure artificially via remineralisation, or addition of chemicals does not help regain the lost structure, especially considering the fact that the mineral deficiency profile of each particular consumer is unique and by no means is limited to three or four basic salts used in industrial practice. The added salts may unbalance the minerals in the body by competing with digestion of other minerals, thus causing additional health problems. It would be a great mistake to compare the artificially remineralised drinks with natural living waters




which have been acquiring their structure for decades in the natural aquifers as is the case with the One Pure Aquifer water.

Addition to Report OPI_WQR2-15414.

Our finalized report OPI_WQR2‐15414 was presented last month and complete in respect to technical review. Some discussion has been entered into since this time with regard to the content covered and your client’s comments having been taken into consideration. Therefore, after receiving your request for further explanation as to why RO treated water is unsuitable for production of a high quality natural product in non‐technical or layman’s terms, the following information is provided as a report addition to this section.

On the RO treated water (non‐technical aspects)

RO treatment involves high pressure pumping of the source water through a membrane to remove organics and minerals dissolved in the water. Two streams are obtained. The first is a denatured, demineralized water (termed permeate or product), and a concentrate (waste) containing all separated impurities. This generates a new source of pollution in the receiving environment.

In this world today any product which is denatured is considered undesirable. Most Bottled Water companies have to resort to RO technology due to the poor quality of their source water, or in an attempt to standardise their product in the market place. This process carries very high expenses related to its purchase, running and maintaining. Energy consumption is very high, and adds to CO2 pollution.

Normally the RO filtering is considered the last option available to treat the contaminated waters. The educated market is not normally happy to drink such waters.

The removal of dissolved minerals and organics deprives the water of its natural buffer and stability, and makes it more susceptible to microbial infection. The destabilized water creates multiple operational and quality problems. One of them is unstable pH which varies within a wide range of values, depending on the batch, age of water, supply of chemicals and how long the bottle is left opened. To partially rectify this issue, the companies usually only publish the pH of the water at source and not the pH of the water in the bottle. When these problems become public knowledge as they eventually do they can affect the trust of customers and the reputation of all in the supply chain. All significant suppliers will be aware of most of these problems and they normally purchase these waters only based on lowest price or as low quality budget water, or home brand water. These waters are normally classified and labelled as packaged water.

Many of these companies hide the fact that they RO filter their water with deceptive labelling i.e. talk about the source advantages like being from an Artesian supply and/or




some other perceived benefit. As the public is becoming more educated and more discerning and the legislation is improving in most markets we will see many of these companies fail in the market place and large investments lost overnight. If the brand is to grow value over time it is essential to build trust in your market, so do the margins and the real value of the company. High quality water supplies are becoming harder to find and the demand for this water is growing every year. We are seeing ever increasing contamination of current water supplies world‐wide hence the real value of high quality water supplies will continue to grow.

RO treated waters are usually remineralised with only a couple of chemicals to provide some form of stabilisation, improve the flavour profile and also improve water handling within the production facility. The added chemicals may unbalance the minerals in the body, thus causing digestion problems when drinking the remineralised water. Moreover, the sources of most added chemicals are questionable too. Commonly the RO treated water is described as flat and lacking body.

RO treatment of Sea Water is common and when this is the only source of water, most people revert to drinking Natural Bottled Waters and only rely on these RO treated waters for secondary or technical use. Commonly, the continuous drinking of the RO or evaporated water leaches out essential minerals from the body, especially when the diet is poor.

Section addition ends.

The water and you Water is essential for human health and nutrition, perhaps the most important factor. Being the major component of blood, it carries nutrients and oxygen to all vital organs of the body and helps remove the products of the metabolism. The normal blood pH is slightly alkaline 7.35, this level maintained by carbon dioxide‐bicarbonate‐carbonate equilibrium. Tiny difference in pH will substantially affect the blood’s ability to transfer oxygen, e.g. the shift from 7.3 to 7.5 allows 75% more oxygen to be available for use. This is one of the good reasons to maintain nutrition on the alkaline side of pH.

The amniotic sac of pregnant women and higher mammals contains a liquid comprising of water, electrolytes, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, phospholipids, urea and other nutrients – all of which aid in the growth of the foetus. The pH of the amniotic liquid as well as the breast milk of a healthy female are also alkaline and vary between 7.0 and 7.5. This suggests that alkaline water should be preferred for drinking. Due to the integrity of its carbonate‐bicarbonate matrix, alkaline natural waters can be beneficial for mixing most infant formulas (dependent on formula variables), and is suitable when the time arrives to include water in the infants diet.

Due to the fact that oxygen transfer in the blood increases with alkalinity, it is well to try maintaining nutrition on an alkaline side, related to both liquids and solid food. It is




commonly known that an oxygen deficiency in human metabolism causes the bodies cells either to lyse or adapt to alternate sources of energy. This is a primary reason for cell mutation where cells adapt to anaerobic metabolism, a leading cause of cancer.

The foods we eat are of two major categories: acidic and alkaline. The acidic pH causes coagulation of erythrocytes which leads to oxygen deficiency, which in turn slows the blood flow and causes precipitation of waste and salts in the blood system and tissues. Slowed metabolism and compromised waste removal create favourable conditions for high blood pressure, heart attack, arthritis, gout and other diseases. In particular arthritis pains are caused by water deficiency in areas where acidic and toxic waste accumulates and has no chance to be removed. Clearly, if one has a desire to become and stay healthy there are solid reasons to maintain nutritional balance on the alkaline side.

Having spoken of alkalinity and its role in human metabolism, it might be worthwhile mentioning about our liquid food, or drinks we consume. The pH values of some of them are: coffee 5.5, beer 4.7, Coke 2.5. For reference, the pH of a human’s stomach is only 2.0! The consumption of acidic drinks inevitably requires a means to neutralise them before they can be digested. This results in deficiency in alkalinity sourced from carbonate‐bicarbonate matrix of the blood, so that the body has to compensate from its internal mineral reserves, i.e. bones, teeth, nails, joints, etc., causing hair loss, periodontal, osteoporosis and other diseases. To neutralize the harmful effects of the phosphoric acid contained in one glass of cola, one needs to drink in excess of a hundred glasses of plain water. In addition the body has to deal with sugar comprising half of the weight of this popular drink, ending up with poisoning itself with toxic by‐products!

So, what is the best water to drink?

Natural. Structured natural groundwater contains maximum amount of goodness for those who drink it. The living water has higher level of energy than the human body; therefore drinking it has positive effects. Treated, impure, or dead water depletes energy, therefore to compensate for the loss prior to digesting the body has to use internal reserves.

Low mineralisation. Water can potentially be used as a source of minerals; however their concentration is insufficient to satisfy the demands of the bodies metabolism. Some people may prefer waters with high mineral content; however they may not know which minerals they need to add to their diet at any given time. Adding isolated minerals to the water (e.g. table salt or sea salt) is a dangerous practice because high concentration of the target element can unbalance the minerals in the body by competing with other mineral’s absorption. It is recommended to use food for this purpose, vegetables, fruits, etc., and leave only hydrating, energizing and nourishing functions to the water.




Untreated. Any treatment, whether RO filtration, coagulation, chlorination or similar, destroys the natural structured matrix of water. It is also advisable to minimise pumping and use natural artesian pressure or gravity where ever possible for water delivery.

Alkaline. Alkalinity is a natural chemical shield of the water matrix protecting its integrity. In most waters this protection is due to the presence of carbonate‐bicarbonate system, silica, borates and phosphates. To sustain the vitally important carbonate‐bicarbonate equilibrium and ensure sufficient oxygen transfer to the body, it is highly recommended to drink alkaline water. The measured pH value can be highly variable – between 7.0 and 8.3, depending on many factors, like free carbon dioxide, type of water system, temperature, etc. Therefore, the suitability of the water to meet particular requirements should be assessed based on the full physico‐chemical profile of the water matrix.

Natural, low mineral, untreated, alkaline water

One Pure meets these criteria




The One Pure Source The water quality from this secure aquifer requires no water treatment at all due to its very high purity. The artesian water arrives at the surface under its own pressure and this in itself provides a significant barrier to the ingress of contaminants from external sources.

The One Pure source is of such high quality that it was decided to place the bottling plant at the source to ensure quality is assured. The nearby supply for the city of Napier has been drawn from this source, untreated, for over 150 years, and still is today, proof of this water’s excellent quality.

Health benefits of the One Pure artesian natural water The One Pure water quality is amongst the best in the world. The Heretaunga Plains aquifer located in Hawke’s Bay in the east of the New Zealand’s North Island, has enormous capacity. This is fed from the native forests of Kaimanawa and Kaweka Ranges charging the Ngaruroro River which is the main source of recharge. The One Pure source is under pressure and leaves the ground at greater than 0.5 bar and requires no pumping. One Pure raw water quality is excellent, with moderate levels of reactive silica providing a silky flavour which is very pleasant to the palette. It has a healthy pH of 8.0, with ideal mineralization, is microbial free and has no detectable contaminants. The water matrix is of the sodium‐bicarbonate type which is naturally balanced and enriched with calcium, magnesium, potassium, chloride and sulphate.

Bicarbonate stimulates digestion and helps to maintain acid balance in the stomach. It is also found in the blood and is essential for maintaining homeostasis.




Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body, and is essential for strong bones and teeth and for the maintenance of healthy gums. It is also important for muscle contraction, nerve activity, beating of the heart, hormone release, blood clotting, energy production and proper immune system function.

Magnesium is essential for many metabolic processes, especially the correct distribution of sodium, potassium and calcium across cell membranes. Most of it is stored in the bones.

Reactive silica is related to bioactive silicates, predominantly in the form of silicic acid. Nowadays silicon is getting widely recognized as an essential nutrient, due to its important role in human metabolism. If calcium can be regarded as a building material of the skeleton, silicon plays identical role in soft tissues as well as the powerful antioxidant protecting the body from the free radicals. While the total amount of silicon in adults doesn’t normally exceed 7 grams, its deficiency can result in soft, brittle or peeling nails, premature wrinkles, thinning or loss of hair, poor bone development and osteoporosis.

Potassium is an essential mineral, assisting in muscle contraction and working with sodium to regulate the body’s water balance inside the cell. It is important for a healthy nervous system, regular heart rhythm, and maintaining the alkalinity of body fluids. It also stimulates the kidneys to remove wastes, promotes healthy skin, helps to send oxygen to the brain for clear thinking, and helps prevent strokes.

One Pure Typical Water Analysis: mg/litre The following would be a typical consumer label for product comparisons;

• Total Dissolved Solids 116 • pH 8.0 • Nitrate 0.068 • Calcium 23 • Magnesium 1.98 • Sodium 9.3

• Potassium 1.44 • Free Carbon Dioxide 1.1 • Bicarbonate 86 • Chloride 5.4 • Silica 18.5

On the next page is presented the chemical and microbiological profile of the bore water from the One Pure Awatoto Well #1955A.

ozone technologies ltd


One Pure Well #1955A: quality of the bore water

Component Measured value*

Compliance with BW

standards**

Proposed action (NAR = no action required, AR=action required,

NL=No Limit, GV=Guideline Value) Hazen Colour <5 <5 NAR

pH 8.0 6.5 ‐ 8.0 NAR, water is slightly alkaline and balanced

Total alkalinity 71 NL

NAR, Alkalinity is largely due to bicarbonate‐ion and reactive silica; plays essential role in protecting the water matrix from external interference

Bicarbonate 86 NL

NAR, the major component making up the water matrix, which is sodium/bicarbonate type; this creates a buffer protecting the matrix from external interference (pH fluctuations, microbial attack, taste profile, etc)

TDS 116 <250 NAR, TDS is largely due to bicarbonate, sodium and calcium. Indicates that water has low level of mineralization

Arsenic 0.0034 <0.01 NAR; essential element but toxic at higher levels Barium 0.0046 <0.7 NAR Boron 0.113 <0.5 NAR

Bromine 0.0178 <0.005 AR; Bromine can be a source of bromates in case of ozonation, which are restricted to 10 ppb

Cadmium 0.000012 <0.003 Toxic element

Calcium 23 NL NAR; one of the major components of water matrix, affects taste and behaviour of water, responsible for water hardness

Chloride 5.4 <250 NAR Chromium <0.00053 <0.05 NAR; Heavy metal

Copper <0.00021 <1.0 NAR; important in antioxidant function, iron utilization and cardiovascular health; GV due to staining of laundry and sanitary ware

Fluoride 0.14 <1.5 NAR; Can help fight tooth decay and ensure stability of the water matrix

Iron 0.0142 <0.3

NAR; Total concentration of iron both ferrous, ferric and bacterial, the last type is typical for groundwater systems, normally found in combination with biofilms/slimes

Lead <0.00053 <0.01 NAR; Heavy metal

Manganese 0.0042 <0.05

NAR; Along with iron, manganese can cause staining and precipitation in the bottle; OT prefers to remove Mn down to below 0.002 ppm; over zonation can produce permanganate (pink colour)

Magnesium 2.1 NL NAR; one of the major components of water matrix, affects taste and behaviour of water, responsible for water hardness

Mercury <0.00008 <0.001 NAR; Toxic element

Selenium <0.0011 <0.01 NAR; important in general antioxidant function and in the immune system

Sodium 9.9 <200 NAR; K and Na are part of the water matrix, important nutrients/minerals essential for human consumption Potassium 1.43 NL

PO Box 655, Napier, 4110, Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand | email: [email protected] | office: +64 6 843 288 fax: +64 6 843 2441 | www.ozonenz.com

Zinc <0.00053 <1.5

NAR; essential trace element that is a catalytic component of over 300 enzymes, which also has a role in the structural integrity of the body proteins and membranes; GV due to taste treshold

Ammonia N <0.010 <1.5

NAR; ammonia is typical for anoxic/anaerobic conditions in the aquifer; can serve as a buffer (along with carbon dioxide) to prevent the formation of bromates; Gv due to odour in alkaline conditions

Nitrate N 0.068 10 NAR; Nitrate is an important factor of infiltration from unconfined aquifers

Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen <0.10 NL NAR; Indicates the presence of both organic and

inorganic nitrogen

Phosphorus 0.088 NL NAR; Phosphorus in the form of phosphate is part of the alkalinity and a structural component of bones it is found in a 1:2 mass ratio relative to calcium

Silica reactive 18.5 NL NAR; component of the alkalinity in water; responsible for silky and smooth taste of water, essential nutrient for human consumption, very good marketing tool

TOC <0.3 NL NAR; these organics can be either of hydrocarbon (diesel) nature, or related to biofilm/slime components, or else – needs additional testing and verification

Faecal Streptococcus, cfu/100ml

<1 <1 NAR

Escherichia Coli,

MPN/100ml <1 <1 NAR

Total Coliforms

MPN/100ml, <1 <1

NAR; coliform bacteria typically live in the intestines of mammals, therefore their presence indicates either the leakage from the municipal/private sewage networks, or infiltration from vegetation from the topsoil

Sulphite Reducing Clostridia Spores,

MPN/100ml

<1 <1 NAR

Pseudomonas aeruginosa cfu/100ml

<1 <1 NAR

* All units are in mg/l unless otherwise stated

** Least values based on NZ Drinking Water Standards, EPA, IBWA, WHO, Drinking Water legislation of the People`s Republic of China and Russian Bottled Water Standards

opi_wqr3-2514

Documents