ORGANOSOLV PULPING AND BLEACHING WITHOUTCHLORIN OF SPRUCE WOOD

SIPON MULADI1, R. AMIRTA1, E.T ARUNG1, I.W. KUSUMA1,(FORESTRY FACULTY, MULAWARMAN UNIVERSITY, EAST KALIMANTAN1)H.H. NIMZ2, OSCAR FAIX2, R. PATT2, O. KORDSACHIA2, A.BERG3

(WOOD CHEMISTRY , BFH-HAMBURG UNIVERSITY2 and Director Ejecutivo de laUnidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico Universidad de ConcepcióN CHILE3)Presented in :The International Symposium on Human Development and Sustainable Utilization ofNatural Resource in Asian Countries and The 6 th Korea-Thailand-Indonesia JointSymposium on Biomass Utilization and Renewable EnergyBalikpapan-Derawan Island, July 8-14, 2012 1

LIGNIN MODEL

2

SIMPLE REAKTION OF KRAFTPOLLUTION

3

NaOH + Na2S

CH3SH,CH3SCH3,CH3SOCH3,H2SGas Waste

+

Solid Waste

KRAFT METHOD

= O= O

+ No Sulfur

HoAc

ORGANOSOLVMETHOD

METHOD OF ORGANOSOLV PULPING ANDBLEACHING WITHOUT CHLORINE

4

BLEAHING: OZON,PERACETIC ACID & BOROL

PULPING:Acetic Acid

THE EFFECT OF KONZ HClAND COOKING TIME ONPULP – PROPERTIES(CONTANS VARIABLE HOAC 93 %,TEMP 110O C AND RATIO 1 : 6)

5

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

0 2 4 6 8

Kapp

a N

umbe

r

Cooking Time (hr)

0.12 % HCl

0.14 % HCl

0.15 % HCl

0.16 % HCl

0.17 % HCl

0.20 % HCl

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 2 4 6 8

Shiv

e Co

nten

t (%

)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.12 % HCl

0.14 % HCl

0.15 % HCl

0.16 % HCl

0.17 % HCl

0.20 % HCl

40

50

60

70

0 2 4 6 8

Tota

l Yie

ld (%

)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.12 % HCl

0.14 % HCl

0.15 % HCl

0.16 % HCl

0.17 % HCl

0.20 % HCl

AVERAGE AND OPTIMUMMECHANICAL PROPERTIESOF PAPER BY ACETOSOLVPULPING (Cat HCl)

6

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

0 20 40 60

Brea

king

Len

ght (

Km)

Beating Degree ( 0 SR)

Average Value

Optimal Value

40455055606570758085

0 20 40 60

Brus

ting

(m2)

Beating Degree ( 0 SR)

Average Value

Optimal Value

50

55

60

65

70

75

0 20 40 60

Tear

ing

(cN

)

Beating Degree ( 0 SR)

Average Value

Optimal Value

THE EFFECT OF KONZ AlCl3 AND COOKING TIME ONPULP – PROPERTIES

(KONTANS VARIABLE HOAC 93 %, TEMP 110O C AND RATIO 1 : 6)

7

01020304050607080

0 5 10

Kapp

a N

umbe

r

Cooking Time (hr)

0.113 % AlCl3

0.17 % AlCl3

0.225 % AlCl3

0.3 % AlCl3

0.45 % AlCl3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 5 10

Shiv

e Co

nten

t (%

)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.113 % AlCl3

0.17 % AlCl3

0.225 % AlCl3

0.3 % AlCl3

0.45 % AlCl3

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

0 5 10

Tota

l Yie

ld (%

)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.113 % AlCl3

0.17 % AlCl3

0.225 % AlCl3

0.3 % AlCl3

0.45 % AlCl3

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

0 5 10

Brig

htne

ss (%

ISO

)Cooking Time (hr)

0.113 % AlCl3

0.17 % AlCl3

0.225 % AlCl3

0.3 % AlCl3

8

X

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 10 20 30

Beat

ing

Degr

ee (o

SR)

Beating Time (mins)

OptimumQuality OfPaper

10

10,5

11

11,5

12

12,5

0 20 40 60 80

Brea

king

LEn

ght (

Km)

Beating Degree (oSR)

OptimumQuality OfPaper

50556065707580

0 20 40 60 80

Burs

ting

(m2)

Beating Degree (oSR)

OptimumQuality OfPaper

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

0 20 40 60 80

Tear

ing

(cN

)

Beating Degree (oSR)

OptimumQuality OfPaper

OPTIMUM QUALITY OF PAPER WITHCATALISATOR AlCl3(KONTANS VARIABLE HOAC 93 %, 110O C, RATIO 1: 6, 5h, 30O SR)

THE EFFECT OF KONZ HBr AND COOKING TIMEON PROPERTIES OF PULP

(KONTANS VARIABLE HOAC 93 %, TEMP 110O C AND RATIO 1 : 6)

9

01020304050607080

0 2 4 6 8

Kapp

a N

umbe

r

Cooking Time (hr)

0.28% HBr

0.38 % HBr

0.38% HBr (WithMagnet Stirrer)

0.48 % HBr

0.58% HBr

05

1015202530354045

0 2 4 6 8

Shiv

e Co

nten

t (%

)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.28 % HBr

0.38 % HBr

0.38 % HBR (WithMagenet Stirrer)

0.48 % HBr

0.58 % HBr

4045505560657075

0 2 4 6 8

Yiel

d (%

)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.28 % HBr

0.38 HBr

0.38 % HBr (WithMagnet Stirrer)

0.48 % HBr

0.58 % HBr

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 2 4 6 8Br

ight

ness

(% IS

O)

Cooking Time (hr)

0.28 % HBr

0.38 % HBr

0.38 % HBr (WithMagnet Stirrer)

0.48 % HBr

0.58 % HBr

EFFECT OF COOKING TIME ON MECHANICALPROPERTIES OF ACETOSOLV PULPING

(Beating Degree 30OSR)Time HBr Breaking

LengthBrusting Tearing

(h) (%) (km) (m2) (cN)

1,0 0,38 10,670 61,2 61,12,0 0,38 10,890 63,8 60,83,0 0,38 11,650 69,2 70,13,5 0,38 11,580 68,1 68,54,0 0,38 11,850 65,3 70,85,0 0,38 11,500 64,3 70,36,0 0,38 11,200 60,2 68,53,0 0,48 9,230 52,9 58,2 10

Pulping Acetosolv of Tropical Wood (HoAc 93 %, 4 h,1100C, Wood : Liquor = 1:4)

No. Species AlCl3 Kappa Shive Total Yield Beating MechanicalNumber wood Degree Breaking bursting tearing

(%) (%) (%) (⁰SR) (km) (m2) (cN)B18. Spruce 0,25 26,5 0,1 53,8 30 11,18 73,7 64,8

Primery ForestT2. Dryobalanops 0,25 120 20,5 67,4 30 3,200 14,3 43,5T3. Red Meranti 0,25 118 17,2 66,0 30 3,400 15,3 46,6T4. Perupuk 0,25 51,7 3,7 54,8 30 5,820 28,6 66,3T5. Schima w. 0,25 36,0 0,1 54,5 30 4,500 19,0 60,0Secundarf ForestT6. Macaranga 0,25 50,2 0,2 55,0 30 9,140 36,0 49,0T7. Puspa 0,25 52,3 1,0 55,4 30 7,120 25,4 40,3Plantation ForestT8. Acacia mangium 0,25 48,7 1,5 54,0 30 8,000 43,6 50,0T9. Parasienthis f. 0,25 37,8 0,6 56,0 30 7,580 35,5 60,0T10. Eucalyptus d. 0,25 40,0 1,1 55,0 30 8,050 37,9 68,4T11. Rabber Wood 0,25 50,2 0,2 50,0 30 3,800 17,7 27,7

11

BLEACHING OF PULP WITH OZON

12

05

1015202530

0 2 4 6

Kapp

a N

umbe

r

Ozon (%0

Low KappaNumber

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

9293949596979899

100101

0 2 4 6

Yiel

d (%

)

Ozon (%)

Low KappaNumber

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

020406080

0 2 4 6

Brig

htne

ss (%

ISO

)

Ozon (%)

Low KappaNumber

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

707580859095

100105

0 2 4 6

Ozo

n U

sed

(%)

Ozon (%)

Low KappaNumber

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

2000

2500

3000

3500

0 1 2 3 4

DPw

Ozon (%)

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

EFFECT OF KONZ OZONON MECHANICALPROPERTIES OF PAPERBY 30 0SR

13

10

10,5

11

11,5

12

12,5

0 1 2 3 4

Brea

king

Len

ght (

Km)

Ozon (%)

Middle KappaNumber & 30oSR

High KappaNumber & 30oSR

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 1 2 3 4

Burs

ting

(m2)

Ozon (%)

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

5860626466687072

0 2 4

Taer

ing

(cN

)

Ozon (%)

Middle KappaNumber

High KappaNumber

Bleaching of Pulp With Combination(ZEPaNER = Ozon, Peracetic Acid and Borol)

NO NaBH4 NaOH Temperatur Time Consis- Kappa Brightness Yield

tensi Number

(%) (%) (ºc) (min) (%) (% ISO) (%)

B18 Control 26,5 15,0 100

H44 ZEPaN 1,0 79,0 92,3

H52 0,1 80 90 10 - 83,0 91,5

H53 0,2 80 90 10 - 84,7 89,5

H54 0,3 80 90 10 - 83,7 91,4

H45 ZEPaN - 81,7 91,7

H55 0,1 2,5 80 90 10 - 86,0 90,614

COMBINATION BLEACHING OFPULP WITHOUT CHLOR

15

100001050011000115001200012500

0 20 40 60 80Brea

king

Len

ght (

m)

Beating Degree (oSR)

Unbleached

2% Ozon

2% Ozon & 2%Peracetic Acid

55

65

75

85

0 20 40 60 80

Burs

ting

(m2)

Beating Degree (oSR)

Unbleached

2% Ozon

2% Ozon & 2%Peracetic Acid

505560657075

0 50 100

Tear

ing

(cN

)

Beating Degree (oSR)

Unbleached

2% Ozon

2% Ozon & 2%Peracetic Acid

7000

8000

9000

10000

11000

12000

13000

0 20 40 60 80

Brea

king

Len

ght (

m)

Beating Degree (oSR)

Unbleached

2% Ozon

2% Ozon & 2% PeraceticAcid

2% Ozon, 2% PeraceticAcid & 0,1% Borol

2% Ozon, 2% PeraceticAcid & 0,3% Borol

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 20 40 60 80

Burs

ting

(m2)

Beating Degree (oSR)

Unbleached

2% Ozon

2% Ozon & 2%Peracetic Acid

2% Ozon, 2% PeraceticAcid & 0,1% Borol

2% Ozon, 2% PeraceticAcid & 0,3% Borol

404550556065707580

0 20 40 60 80

Tear

ing

(cN

)

Beating Degree (oSR)

Unbleached

2% Ozon

2% Ozon & 2%Peracetic Acid

2% Ozon, 2% PeraceticAcid & 0,1% Borol

2% Ozon, 2% PeraceticAcid & 0,3% Borol

CONCLUTION

• Organosolv (Acetosolv) Pulping is responsiblein reducing environmental pollution

• Bleaching of Pulp without Chlorine is possibleto increase the Brightness until 90 % ISO

• Tropical Wood is rather difficult to OrganosolvPulping Process, but this research is notoptimal

16