ot/1강/2강 kiss trainingd1anutt72n1dwl.cloudfront.net/course/1425358418.4_ma… · ·...

2015-ORB-02

Magic EyeKISS Training

OT/1/2 KISS TRAINING

!!

+

Remy's English

Class

Inspiration for the Summit 100%

Remy's English cafe.naver.com/englishprofiler

Mensa Korea

CLASS Online

-

-

NEAT BIBLE -

Series

Series

3.0 /

[email protected]

cafe.naver.com/englishprofiler

KISS Training

Remy's English cafe.naver.com/englishprofiler- 1 -

01. Orientation

1. KISS TRAINING??

Keyword / Inference / Structure / Stress !!

!!

1. .1)

The founding population of our direct ancestors is not thought to have been much larger

than 2,000 individuals; some think the group was as small as a few hundred. How, then, did

we go from such a fragile minority population to a tide of humanity 7 billion strong and

growing? There is only one way, according to Richard Potts. You give up on __________. You

don't try to beat back the changes. You begin not to care about consistency within a given

habitat, because such consistency isn't an option. You adapt to variation itself. It was a

brilliant strategy. Instead of learning how to survive in just one or two ecological

environments, we took on the entire globe.

stability morality fairness

reputation challenges

2. .2)

The major change in mapping in the past decade, as opposed to in the previous 6,000 to

10,000 years, is that mapping has become ______________. It's not the map itself that has

changed. You would recognize a 1940 map and the latest, modern map as having almost the

same look. But the old map was a fixed piece of paper, the same for everybody who looked

at it. The new map is different for everyone who uses it. You can drag it where you want to

go, you can zoom in as you wish, you can switch modes - traffic, satellite - you can fly

across your town, even ask questions about restaurants and directions. So a map has gone

from a fixed, stylized portrait of the Earth to a dynamic, interactive conversation about your

use of the Earth.

accurate difficult personal

outdated educational



01. Structure & Stress

1. .1)

Many people believe that they will be free of their anger if they express it, and that their

tears will release their pain. This belief derives from a nineteenth-century understanding of

emotions, and it is no truer than the flat earth. It sees the brain as a steam kettle in which

negative feelings build up pressure. But no psychologist has ever succeeded in proving the

unburdening effects of the supposed safety valves of tears and anger. On the contrary, over

forty years ago, controlled studies showed that fits of anger are more likely to intensify

anger, and that tears can drive us still deeper into depression. Our heads do not resemble

steam kettles, and our brains involve a much more complicated system than can be accounted

for by images taken from nineteenth-century technology.

19

Structure Many people + ? / Many + believe = myth

2. .2)

Ten men and women were tested in a car with the music at zero, fifty, sixty-five, and

ninety-five decibels. During testing they were each shown a series of road signs and they had

to determine whether or not they should brake. Most of the subjects showed that the volume

of the music affected their reaction time. On average there was a 0.12 second difference in

reaction time with music at zero and ninety-five. Although this difference seems quite

insignificant, the time that it takes to actually react to a child running in the street, for

example, can actually mean the difference between life and death. Many people think that

they are not affected by the volume of their music, but the truth is that as the music gets

louder, it takes longer to react.

Effects of Sound on Drivers' Reaction Time

Danger of Running a Red Light

Reasons for Poor Driving

Importance of Eyesight While Driving

Different Driving Styles between Men and Women

Structure + / show

KISS Training


3. .3)

Who says that learning has to happen in a classroom? Or take time away from work? Well, it

doesn't have to. In fact, research shows you learn more when you apply what you are learning

to your own work. We all have memories of attending classes, sitting through a lengthy

lecture, taking copious notes, and then returning to work only to put the notes on a bookshelf

and never look at them again. Not only did we waste precious time, but we really didn't

develop professionally, either. Wouldn't it be better to immediately apply new skills or

information to what you are doing in your day-to-day life? Wouldn't it be great if you could

actually learn and grow from your professional development endeavors?

Maintaining Lifestyles Developing New Skills

Learning While You Work Managing Time Efficiently

Keeping the Peace of Mind

Stress / 1) 2) 3) 4)

4. ?4)

The story of a drama is told by the characters. The author communicates his ideas to the

audience through the actors. The actor does this through his actions and voice. He must

interpret the role to the audience, and in doing so he will put his unique personality on the

character. For this reason, the actor is the most important component in the drama. Unless he

speaks and moves in the manner in which the imaginary character whose part he is playing

would do, the story will not be clearly communicated to the audience. The audience must

depend solely on the actor since there can be no reasonable explanation by the author, as we

find in a novel. What the actor fails to transmit immediately is lost forever to the audience.

Stress For this reason / the most / important / must / depend on / solely

5. .5)

I taught debating and argumentation in college. Since then, I have listened to, criticized,

engaged in, and watched the effects of thousands of arguments. As a result of it all, I have

come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument and that is

to keep away from it. Nine times out of ten, an argument ends with each of the contestants

being more firmly convinced than ever that he is absolutely right. You can't win an argument

even though you win it. Why? Well, suppose you triumph over the other man. You'll feel fine.

But what about him? You have hurt his pride. He will resent your triumph.

. .

. .

.

Stress as a result of / conclusion / only one



02. Keyword & Inference

6. .6)

A large number of people believe what psychics tell them because they want the information

to be true. However, they may not be aware of the techniques psychics use to get their

"insights." Most psychics have perfected the ability to read subtle clues that people give

them. They typically start a session by stating a few facts while carefully observing the

client's reactions, such as eye movements or changes in facial expression. Then, they search

for information by asking the client questions, and they get away quickly from any errors

they make. They also count on people's tendencies to forget the inaccuracies of a session and

to focus on whatever the psychic got right. * psychic: (), ()

tricks used by psychics how to improve psychic power

various forms of psychic ability reasons people count on psychics

the increase in psychic phenomena

Keyword techniques psychics use

7. ?7)

We live today in a world that is as deeply devoted to material things as was the late Roman

world. For example, the Romans of the fourth century were obsessed by health, diet, exercise

and law courts. They spent more time in baths and health clubs than in churches, temples,

and libraries. They hoped to become richer in the spiritual aspect. They were devoted to

consumption. A man could make a reputation by spending more than his neighbor, even if

he had to borrow the money to do it. And even though he never paid back his creditors, he

was honored for having made a noble attempt to look very elegant in the world.

Keyword baths / health clubs

spiritual aspect

consumption

spending

never paid back / elegant

KISS Training


8. .8)

Not all authors trusted that the theater audience would automatically understand their plays

in the intended manner. Thus, they repeatedly attempted to make it clear to their public that

visiting the theater was not merely for the purpose of entertainment, but rather to draw

lessons from the play offered onstage. It was, therefore, important for the viewer ___________

so as to facilitate interpretation of the content. This idea was developed by Bertolt Brecht

with his 'epic theater,' which used alienation as a strategy to prevent the identification of

the public with the figures of the drama. Through scattered narration and commentary

throughout the play, for example, the viewers are invited to take a step back from the

performance. In this way, they are given hints to better understand the play while the

conclusion is left open so as to leave them to draw their own conclusions.

to imitate the actor's performance

to learn about the play beforehand

to identify himself with the actors on the stage

to bridge the gap between himself and the actors

to create a distance from the actions on the stage

Inference alienation / take a step back - gap? distance?

9. .9)

Determining exactly who is your competitor is pretty easy. Companies that offer the same or

similar products as you do could be your competitors. If their geographical market areas

overlap with yours and their price range also resembles yours, it's almost certain that they

are your competitors. But be aware that they are not the only competitor. Look at companies

that sell parts for your products. They may want to begin offering a complete solution. In

conclusion, it's safe to say that anyone who sells anything that is related to your product,

either as a ___________________ or an accessory, is an actual or potential competitor.

promotion concept brand

bestseller replacement

Inference ?? or an accessory - the same or similar / parts



1)

2,000 . . 70 ? Richard Potts . (You) . . . . . .

2)

10 , 6 , . . 1940 , . , . . , , -, - , , . .

1)

. 19 . . . 40 , . 19 .

2)

0, 50, 65, 95 . . . 0 95 0.12 . . .

3)

? ? . , . , , . , . ? ?

4)

. . . , . . , . , . .

5)

. , , , . , . . . ? . . ? , .

6)

. . . . , , . .

7)

. , 4 , , . , , . . . . , .

KISS Training


8)

. . . Bertolt Brecht , . , . , .

9)

. . , . , . . . , , , .

2015-ORB-02


3~8

!!

+

Remy's English

Class



Mensa Korea

CLASS Online

-

-

NEAT BIBLE -

Series

Series

3.0 /

[email protected]


KISS Training


03. +

1. ?1)

Nowadays people are so absorbed in themselves that they will not go out of their way to help

fellow citizens in danger. Whether it is a person lying in the street unconscious or someone

getting robbed, people will look the other way because they don't want to get involved in any

trouble. Most people will just pretend not to see anything even if there is a crime in

progress. As long as it doesn't directly affect them, people will rarely try to stop a crime.

However, if the person in danger is your father, mother, sister or brother, can you possibly

just pass by? Just remind yourself that the other person's shoe can be on your foot.

.

.

.

.

.

Structure ++ Stress /

Keyword Inference

2. ?2)

Perhaps some will say that animals have some inherent value, only less than we have.

However, attempts to defend this view can be shown to lack rational justification. What could

be the basis of our having more inherent value than animals? Their lack of reason, or

autonomy, or intellect? Only if we are willing to make the same judgment in the case of

humans who are similarly deficient. But it is not true that such humans the retarded child,

for example, or the mentally handicapped have less inherent value than you or I. Neither,

then, can we rationally sustain the view that animals like them in being the experiencing

subjects of a life have less inherent value. All who have inherent value have it equally,

whether they be human animals or not. *retarded ()

.

.

.

.

.

Structure ++ Stress all

Keyword inherent value / equally Inference



3. ?3)

Most people get trapped in their optimistic biases, so they tend to listen to positive feedback

and ignore negative feedback. Although this may help them come across as confident to

others, in any area of competence (e.g., education, business, sports or performing arts)

achievement is 10% performance and 90% preparation. Thus, the more aware you are of your

weaknesses, the better prepared you will be. Low self-confidence may turn you into a

pessimist, but when pessimism teams up with ambition it often produces outstanding

performance. To be the very best at anything, you will need to be your harshest critic, and

that is almost impossible when your starting point is high self-confidence. Exceptional

achievers always experience low levels of confidence and self-confidence, but they train hard

and practice continually until they reach an acceptable level of competence.

Never Reveal Your Weaknesses

Negative Comments Are Harmful

The Risk of Ambition Without Effort

The Less Confident Are More Successful

High Self-Confidence Leads to Better Achievement

Structure ++ Stress thus / the+

Keyword weakness, better prepared Inference

4. ?4)

In the 1970s, when schools began allowing students to use portable calculators, many

parents objected. They worried that a reliance on the machines would weaken their

children's grasp of mathematical concepts. The fears, subsequent studies showed, were

largely unneeded. No longer forced to spend a lot of time on routine calculations, many

students gained a deeper understanding of the principles underlying their exercises. Today,

the story of the calculator is often used to support the argument that our growing dependence

on online databases is disadvantageous. In freeing us from the work of remembering, it's

said, the Web allows us to devote more time to creative thought. The pocket calculator

relieved the pressure on our working memory, letting us use that critical short-term store

for more abstract reasoning. The calculator, a powerful but highly specialized tool, turned out

to be an aid to our working memory.

Structure + Stress +/-

Keyword objectedunneeded Inference

KISS Training


04.

5. .5)

Clients send a steady stream of clues and messages through their facial expression, body

movement, and voice pitch. Counselors need to learn how to read these messages without

distorting or overinterpreting them in order to establish and maintain relationships with their

clients. For instance, when Denise says to Jennie, "It seems that it's hard for you to talk

about yourself," Jennie says, "No, I don't mind at all." But the real answer is probably in her

nonverbal behavior, for she speaks hesitatingly while looking away and frowning. Reading

such clues helps Denise understand Jennie better. Our nonverbal behavior has a way of

'leaking' messages about what we really mean. The unplanned nature of nonverbal behavior

contributes to this leakage even in the case of highly defensive clients.

.

.

.

.

.

Structure () Stress need to

Keyword Inference

6. ?6)

People look to the center of a face for familiarity. When people are trying to recognize a

face, the first thing they look at is the nose whether they know it or not. Researchers at

the University of California showed subjects faces on a computer screen and tracked their eye

movements. They found that most people look first just to the left of the nose, then to the

center of the nose, then to the eyes. The first look was enough for people to recognize a

face. The second look increased accuracy, but the third did not. Those two glances at the

nose were enough. The researchers speculate that glancing at the center of the face makes it

easiest to take in enough information about the whole face to enable recognition.

Judging Beauty by Nose

Stay in Touch, Stay Familiar

Nose: Key to Facial Recognition

It's All about the First Impression

Eye Contact, Best Way to Communicate

Structure + Stress found / speculate /

Keyword center of the face / recognition Inference



7. ?7)

If you are indecisive and plan to do something about it, you can take immediate comfort in

the fact that indecision is not necessarily due to ignorance and slow thinking. On the

contrary, it is often thinking of so many things and consideration of so many doubts that

result in the difficulty to reach and act on a simple decision. The more intelligent you are,

the more you may be inclined to consider rapidly many factors before making a decision. If

you were slowwitted, you would have little or no difficulty, for you wouldn't be able to think of a variety of possible consequences. Your difficulty may be that you have acquired the habit

of applying to a multitude of unimportant things the same serious consideration you might

advisedly give to vital matters.

what causes indecisiveness

benefits of careful thinking

characteristics of a decisive person

the confidence from profound knowledge

how to overcome the fear of being rejected

Structure ()+()+ Stress on the contrary / due to / the+

Keyword indecisive Inference

8. ?8)

On the path to excellence, some obstacles may initially seem overwhelming. Every performer

experiences this feeling, even the greatest performers in the world. If you believe that the

obstacles are too great to overcome, you will prove yourself right even when you are wrong.

Most seemingly impossible obstacles can be overcome by seeing possibilities, focusing on

what is within your control, taking the first step, and then focusing on the next step and the

next step after that. If your commitment becomes weak, remember your dream and why it is

important to you, find simple joys in your daily pursuits, rejoice in the little victories or

small steps forward, and embrace the process of ongoing learning. With a positive perspective

and persistence, you will get through and find a way through all obstacles.

.

.

.

.

.

Structure +++ Stress seem / by ~ing / with

Keyword overwhelming / positive Inference

KISS Training


05. +

9. .9)

To be a good guide dog, it must have ability to _____________________________. This capacity is

extremely important at crosswalks, where the handler and dog must work very closely

together to cross the road safely. When the team reaches the curb, the dog stops, signaling to

the handler that they have reached a crosswalk. Dogs cannot distinguish the color of traffic

lights, so the handler must decide when to proceed across the road. The handler listens to

the flow of traffic to figure out when the light has changed and then gives the command

forward. If there is no danger, the dog follows what the handler says. If there are cars

approaching, however, the dog having this ability waits until the danger is gone and then

follows the forward command.

tell direction

call for police help

disobey unjust command

control the desire to eat

distinguish the handler's voice

Structure + Stress important / where / however

Keyword Inference

10. .10)

Studies regarding our habits of eating out found that, when we eat out, we tend to

underestimate the number of calories we consume by up to half. When we eat in a relaxing,

candle-lit restaurant, we tend to enjoy our food longer even if we are full. Dining with

friends also contributes to consuming more calories. Researchers found that women who dined

with two or three friends ate 700 calories on average, double that of solo diners. Our

psychology is another factor in the consumption of calories. A waiter who greeted customers

with the question, What are we celebrating tonight? _______________________ than waiters

who didn't. Therefore, if you treat dining as a special occasion, you're more likely to eat

more.

got more orders dined out more frequently

was in a worse mood delivered food more slowly

consumed more calories

Structure + Stress Therefore / be likely to

Keyword Inference



11. ?11)

During World War II, a physician named Henry Beecher was stationed on Italy's Anzio

beachhead, where he treated 201 wounded soldiers. In recording his treatments, he observed

that only three-quarters of the wounded soldiers requested pain medication, although they

had suffered serious injuries ranging from penetrating wounds to extensive surgical wounds.

Beecher compared these observations to treatments of his civilian patients who had been hurt

in all kinds of accidents, and he found that people with civilian injuries requested more

medication than the soldiers injured in battle did. Beecher concluded that there was no direct

relationship between the severity of the wound and the intensity of pain. He was among the

first to propose that ________________________________ greatly determines the level of pain. For soldiers, the wound meant surviving combat and returning home.

*beachhead: ()

the kind of drug used for treatment

the previous experience of severe pain

the meaning our minds give to an injury

the way caregivers interact with patients

the quality of medical information given to patients

12. ?12)

Optimism encourages a positive approach to life. The optimist, notes H. Jackson Brown,

goes to the window every morning and says, Good morning, God. The pessimist goes to

the window and says, Good God, morning. Many of us, however, have what Neil

Weinstein calls a(n) __________ optimism about future life events. Due partly to their

relative pessimism about others' fates, students perceive themselves as far more likely than

their classmates to get a good job, draw a good salary, and own a home. On the other hand,

they view themselves as far less likely to experience negative events, such as developing a

drinking problem, having a heart attack before age 40, or being fired. After experiencing the

1989 earthquake, San Francisco Bay area students did lose their optimism, but within three

months, their ungrounded optimism had rebounded.

familiar unrealistic humble

objective indifferent

KISS Training


06. /

result / result in / conclude / conclusion / show / suggest / know / learn / discover / find out /

It seems that / It is likely that / It is obvious that

13. ?13)

In a striking experiment, Brad Bushman and Angelica Bonacci got people to watch TV

shows that were violent or neutral. Each of the shows contained the same nine ads.

Immediately after seeing the show, the researchers asked the viewers to recall the brands

and to pick them out from photos of supermarket shelves. Twenty-four hours later, they

telephoned the viewers and asked them to recall the brands they had seen during the

viewing. The people who saw the ads during the viewing of the neutral show were able to

recall the advertised brands better than the people who saw the violent show. It seems that

violence impairs the memory of viewers.

TV Viewing: a Good Way of Spending Time

Impact of Brands: the Key to Effective Advertisement

Problems with the Media: Main Contributors of Violence

Effect of Advertising: Neutral Shows Decrease Sales

Violence on TV: It Affects the Viewer's Memory

Structure + Stress

Keyword Inference

14. ?14)

Researchers at Stanford University divided a group of over 250 students into light or heavy

media multitaskers. Lead researcher Cliff Nass said, You would think that people who are

multitasking with all kinds of media at once would be great at ignoring irrelevant

information. However, we discovered they're much worse than light multitaskers at ignoring

the irrelevant. Not only that, but heavy multitaskers are worse at organizing and sorting

information, and worse at switching from one task to another. In an increasingly demanding

work environment, expecting staff to be constantly available by email and instant message

while doing their jobs will mean that productivity will be sacrificed.

reasons for multitasking behaviors

different definitions of multitasking

multitasking harmful to productivity

some ways to multitask productively

how and when to multitask for work



15. .15)

Although a speech can be effective, all the words in the world cannot measure up to the

example of a leader, especially in communicating new behaviors and values. There is often no

more effective way to help people understand the message than to have it modeled for them

by the manager. Words can yield a variety of interpretations in terms of the kind of behaviors

people think they mean. But a manager's actions provide a clear model of exactly the kind of

behavior required. Managers who want people to take a more team-based approach with their

people, for example, will almost certainly get better results by taking a more team-based

approach themselves rather than just by making a speech on teamwork.

Old habits die hard.

Time waits for no man.

Two heads are better than one.

Actions speak louder than words.

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

Structure + Stress =

Keyword Inference

16. ?16)

I have seen so many women inadvertently discourage their husbands from doing their share by

being too controlling or critical. Social scientists call this maternal gatekeeping, which is

a fancy term for Oh, dear! That's not the way you do it! Just move aside and let me! If a

mother acts as a gatekeeper and is reluctant to hand over responsibility, or worse, questions

the father's efforts, he does less. Whenever a married woman asks me for advice on

coparenting with a husband, I tell her to let him put the diaper on the baby any way he

wants as long as he's doing it himself. She should smile even if he puts that diaper on the

baby's head. Over time, if he does things his way, he'll find the correct end. But if he's

forced to do things her way, pretty soon she'll be doing them herself.

inadvertently ,

.

.

.

.

.

Structure ++ Stress so many / tell O to-v / should

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


07. Story

17. ?17)

A man standing on the street corner selling "nonbreakable" pens suddenly finds that the

one he is demonstrating with breaks in half. He stops for a moment, turns to the crowd, and

declares, "Now I'll show you what the inside looks like." Laughter can turn any disadvantage

into an advantage. People who know this not only look for some positive aspect in their

misfortunes but actually go one step further. After their initial shock, they gather their

resources, overcome their problem, and see opportunities where most of us fail to see them.

Moreover, many who have experienced a major loss often go on to achieve remarkable feats

in spite of their hardships, because they focus on what they can gain from their circumstance

rather than on what they have lost. They believe in the old cliche that every cloud has a

silver lining, and they actively seek the advantage in their disadvantage.

. .

. .

.

Structure + Stress turn A into B

Keyword Inference

18. ?18)

Sun Pin, commander of the armies of Ch'i, once led his troops against the armies of Wei,

which outnumbered his troops two to one. "Let us light a hundred thousand fires when our

army enters Wei," suggested Sun Pin, "fifty thousand on the next day, and only thirty

thousand on the third." On the third day the Wei general came to think, "I knew the men of

Ch'i were cowards, and after only three days more than half of them have deserted!" So, the

Wei general decided to seize the moment and move swiftly on the Ch'i camp with a lightly

armed force. Sun Pin's troops retreated, luring Wei's army into a narrow pass, where they

ambushed and destroyed them. With the Wei general dead and his forces shattered, Sun Pin

now easily defeated the rest of the enemy. Sun Pin's strategy of _______________ managed to hit the target.

annoying the enemy deliberately

promising his troops a great reward

appearing weaker than he actually was

making enemies fight among themselves

providing his soldiers with various weapons



19. ?19)

A painter I know can't do anything in her studio without rock'n'roll pounding out of the

speakers. Turning it on turns on a switch inside her. The beat gets her going. It's the

metronome for her creative life. A writer friend can only write outside. He can't stand the

thought of being tied indoors to his word processor while a great day is unfolding outside.

So he carries his coffee mug out to work in the warmth of an open porch in his backyard.

Mystically, he now believes he is missing nothing. In the end, there is no one ideal condition

for creativity. What works for one person is useless for another. The only criterion is this:

Make it easy on yourself. Find a working environment where the prospect of wrestling with

your muse doesn't scare you, doesn't shut you down. It should make you want to be there,

and once you find it, stick with it. * muse: ()

.

.

.

.

.

Structure story1+story2+GI Stress in the end / no one

Keyword Inference

20. ?20)

John Elway is one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time, and yet he has his own private

quarterback coach. Why does John need a coach that costs several hundred thousand dollars a

year? If you think his coach is standing around watching John practice all day long and

telling him how great he is, you are mistaken. John's coach earns his money by criticizing

John. You can almost see how the system works when he says, "John, here's the play, here's

what you did wrong, and here's what you need to do to perfect the play. Try it again." If the

best people recognize a perpetual need for criticism, then so should you. Maybe the use of

criticism in the sports world can be a classic example, but whatever field you work in, you

cannot be the exception.

Every player should practice every day.

Sportsmanship should be first in any sport.

Praise is more powerful than any criticism.

Everybody needs criticism for their own good.

Perfection is the lowest standard you can set.

KISS Training


08. +

21. ?21)

Not so long ago, child-care specialists might have recommended that babies be kept in

clean and neat environments and visitors be silent in their midst. While the scientific

literature would not advocate that we take babies to rock concerts or mow lawns with them

on our backs, we know that even the youngest of babies _____________________________________

______________________. Formerly white nurseries have been replaced by colorful rooms alive

with patterns and music boxes. Parents and caregivers are told to chat with infants and to

touch and cuddle them so that they get sufficient tactile stimulation. This move toward more

stimulating environments provides babies with the material they need to make sense of their

world. With this natural stimulation babies thrive.

make sense of the world through caregivers

benefit from both visual and auditory stimulation

love to listen to their favorite music on their own

suffer damage from visual and auditory stimulation

should be kept in silent and peaceful environment

Structure ++ Stress replace

Keyword Inference

22. .22)

Prior to the 19th century, the major role of children in a capitalist economy was to work.

There were few industries that did not employ children at some level, and there were few

families whose children did not contribute economically through either farm or factory labor.

In 20th-century America, this began to change. Social movements that for decades worked to

restrict child labor finally convinced state and federal legislatures to pass laws making child

labor illegal. These developments signaled a transformation of children from workers to

consumers. Although this may not have been the intent of the reformers, children were to

contribute far more to the national economy _______________________________.

as bread winners for their families

as members of some social movements

as creative innovators in their industry

as consumers than they ever did as laborers

as illegal work forces who can be utilized

Structure +() Stress

Keyword Inference



23. ?23)

Man was formerly thought to be a reasoning animal, basing his actions on the conclusions

of natural logic. It was supposed that before forming an opinion or deciding on a course of

conduct he weighed at least some of the reasons for and against the matter, and performed a

more or less simple process of reasoning. (A) , modern research has shown that quite

the opposite is true. Most of our opinions and actions are not based upon conscious reasoning,

but are the result of suggestion. (B) , some authorities declare that an act of pure

reasoning is very rare in the average mind. Momentous decisions are made, far-reaching

actions are determined upon, primarily by the force of suggestion.

(A) (B)

However In fact

Similarly Otherwise

Therefore In short

In contrast Nevertheless

Likewise Consequently

Structure +

24. ?24)

We are _______________ than we used to be. In the 19th century, a novelist would bring a

story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences most of them

wildly improbable. Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maid-servant was really

the hero's mother. A long-lost brother, who was presumed dead, was really alive all the time

and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall, and so on. Modern readers would

find such naive solutions totally unacceptable. Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes

conspire to bring about coincidences which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would

find incredible. * conspire

less active less credulous less interactive

more vulnerable more courageous

Structure ++

KISS Training


1)

. , . . . , , , ? .

2)

, . . ? , ? () () ( ). , . . , , .

3)

, . , ( , , , ) 10 90 . , . , , . , . , .

4)

1970 , . . . , . , ( ) . . , .

5)

, . . , Denise Jennie . , Jenny . . . . Denise Jennie . . .

6)

. , . , . , , . . , . ( ) . .

7)

, . . , . . . .

8)

. , . , [] ( ) [] (, ) . , , , , . , , . , .



9)

. , . , . . , . , . , .

10)

, , . , , . . 700 , . . ? . , , .

11)

2 Henry Beecher Anzio , 201 . , 4 3 . Beecher , . Beecher . . .

12)

. H. Jackson Brown , , . . , . . Neil Weinstein . , , . , 40 , . 1989 San Francisco Bay , 3 .

13)

, Brad Bushman Angelica Bonacci TV . TV . , . 24 , . TV TV . .

14)

250 . Cliff Nass . . , . , . , .

15)

, , . . . . , .

16)

. , , ! . ! . () , ( ) . , . . . , .

KISS Training


17)

" " . , . " ." . . , , () . , , , . ' ( ).' , .

18)

, . " , ." . , " , ." . . . . .

19)

. . () . ( ). . . . , . , . . . . . , , .

20)

John Elway , . John ? John . John John . John, . . . . . . , .

21)

, . , , . . , . . .

22)

19 , . , . 20 . . . , .

23)

. . . . , . .

24)

. 19 , . . . . 19 .

2015-ORB-02


9~15

!!

+

Remy's English

Class



Mensa Korea

CLASS Online

-

-

NEAT BIBLE -

Series

Series

3.0 /

[email protected]


KISS Training


09.

25. ?25)

Unlike the modern society, the primitive society has less specialized knowledge to

transmit, and since its way of life is enacted before the eyes of all, it has no need to create

a separate institution of education such as the school. Instead, the child acquires the heritage

of his culture by observing and imitating adults in such activities as rituals, hunts, festivals,

cultivation, and harvesting. As a result, there is little or none of that alienation of young

from old so marked in modern industrial societies. A further reason for this alienation in

modern societies is that in his conception of reality the modern adult owes less to his direct

experience and more to the experience of his culture than does primitive man. Clearly, his

debt to culture will vary with the nature of his education. Hence, the contemporary child

must travel much further than the offspring of primitive man to acquire the world view of

his elders. He is, therefore, that much more removed from the adults of his society.

Unlike the primitive child who learns from his (A) surroundings, the modern child

learns in educational institutions, which results in (B) from his elders.

(A) (B) (A) (B)

foreign interference immediate sympathy

foreign sympathy imaginary alienation

immediate alienation

Structure & Stress

Keyword Inference !!!

26. .26)

Some people believe that __________________________ is some kind of instinct, developed because it benefits our species in some way. At first, this seems like a strange idea:

Darwin's theories of evolution presume that individuals should act to preserve their own

interests, not those of the species as a whole. But the British evolutionary biologist Richard

Dawkins believes that natural selection has given us the ability to feel pity for someone who

is suffering. When humans lived in small clan-based groups, a person in need would be a

relative or someone who could pay you back a good turn later, so taking pity on others could

benefit you in the long run. Modern societies are much less close-knit and when we see a

heartfelt appeal for charity, chances are we may never even meet the person who is suffering

but the emotion of pity is still in our genes.

not wanting to suffer giving to charity

drawing pity from others exploring alternatives

pursuing individual interests

Structure



27. ?27)

Imagine that you plan to take a 100-mile mountain trip by car. You estimate it will take

three hours for the total trip, averaging about 35 miles an hour. In actual driving, however,

you may slow down to no more than 15 miles per hour on some curves and hills, while

speeding up to 50 miles per hour or more on relatively straight and level sections. Similarly,

there is no set rate which the good reader follows in reading a particular selection, even

though he, has set himself an overall rate for the total job. Reading rate should vary

according to your reading purpose. To understand information, for example, skim at a rapid

rate. To determine the value of material or to read for enjoyment, read rapidly or slowly

according to your feeling. To read analytically, read at a moderate pace to permit you to

interrelate ideas. In short, _______________ is an important criterion of reading excellence.

reading flexibility vast knowledge

intellectual curiosity visual imagination

excellent leadership

Structure +

28. ?28)

Likewise, we should not be afraid to do the same in case of voting.

Liberal democracy relies upon direct participation by individuals, and from this viewpoint,

our democracy is endangered by a lack of participation. ( ) The resolution of such a crisis

may in a small way restrict some personal liberties, but it is in the interests of society as a

whole. ( ) We compel people to wear safety belts when riding in a vehicle. ( ) We

definitely need this kind of measure in that low participation rates are doubly dangerous.

( ) They mean not only that there is a general lack of interest in political issues and

decisions but that our politicians are not representative of the population as a whole. ( )

Since the poor and disadvantaged are far less likely to vote than any other group, they can

easily be ignored by mainstream politicians.

Structure +1+

KISS Training


10.

29. ?29)

Imagine a child playing on the beach below a cliff. He finds a cave, and full of excitement,

goes in. Suddenly fear seizes him. In the deep dark of the cave, he cannot see the way

ahead. What is frightening him is the sense of the unknown stretching into the black

distance. Worries can be like this. Our anxiety is not about something specific, but more of a

sense that unknown and uncertain possibilities may be out of sight far ahead. We can stop

these worries from growing. A powerful torch or flashlight could have shown the child the

limits of the cave. We can _________________ by asking: "What is the worst that can happen?" More often than not, the worst that we fear is much less terrible than our vague,

unarticulated fear. Once we know the worst, we can face it directly and work out more

sensibly what to do.

hide our fears increase our uncertainties

place limits on our worries share specific worries with others

differentiate reality from the ideal

Structure ++ Stress : & "

Keyword Inference

30. ?30)

In Belding's ground squirrels, males leave home and females mature in their natal area.

This male-biased dispersal creates an imbalance in the way males and females are related to

those individuals around them females find themselves surrounded by relatives, while

males are generally in areas with complete strangers. This asymmetry translates into females

who warn close kin by emitting alarm calls, while males generally do not emit calls since

their dispersal from their natal areas means their blood kin typically do not benefit from

such a warning. Further support for the kinship-based alarm-calling hypothesis includes

Sherman's finding that in the rare instances when females do move away from their natal

groups and into groups with far fewer relatives, they _________________________________.

end up acquiring the alarm calls of the new group

make constant attempts to bring their blood kin along

display a tendency to become more active and cooperative

emit alarm calls less frequently than do native females

adopt a more elaborate defense mechanism than alarm calls

Structure ++ Stress support

Keyword Inference



31. ?31)

Essentially the same structural forms of politics can nevertheless take on very different

"flavors." For example, a dictatorship can, in theory, be brutal or benevolent; anarchy can, in

theory, consist of "mutual aid" or a "war of all against all" that proceeds in the absence of

any rule of law whatsoever; democracies can and typically are distinguished in terms of the

extent to which they are socially oriented as opposed to individualistically oriented. Thus,

whatever our answer to the "What is the best structural form of politics?" question, we still

want to know what "flavor" this structural form of politics ought to have since

_________________. Indeed, this is precisely why we vote within a democratic structure: to

determine the "flavor" we want that democratic structure to have.

voters ultimately determine a political structure

political structures, in fact, outweigh political "flavors"

the best structural form of politics is not easy to determine

political structure, by itself, does not determine political content

each structural form of politics must be valued independently

Structure +++ Stress thus / whatever

Keyword Inference

32. ?32)

The origins of contemporary Western thought can be traced back to the golden age of

ancient Greece, when Greek thinkers laid the foundations for modern Western politics,

philosophy, science, and law. Their novel approach was to pursue rational inquiry through

adversarial discussion: The best way to evaluate one set of ideas, they decided, was by

____________________. In the political sphere, the result was democracy, in which supporters of

rival policies vied for rhetorical supremacy; in philosophy, it led to reasoned arguments and

dialogues about the nature of the world; in science, it prompted the construction of

competing theories to try to explain natural phenomena; in the field of law, the result was

the adversarial legal system. This approach is the foundation for the modern Western way of

life, in which politics, commerce, science, and law are all rooted in orderly competition.

*adversarial: **vie: ,

forcing it upon the opponents

pursuing a conventional standard

testing it against another set of ideas

promoting a consensus among supporters

rejecting competing theories without discussion

Structure ++ Stress through / :

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


11. Keyword

33. ?33)

Ancient Greek and Roman costume is essentially draped, and presents a traditional stability

and permanence. While it received certain fashions over the centuries, it never underwent

any major transformation. Leon Heuzey, the pioneer of the study of classical costume, set

forth with exemplary clarity its two basic principles: the first is that Classical costume has

no form in itself, as it consisted of a simple rectangular piece of cloth woven in varying

sizes according to its intended use and the height of the customer, without differentiation

between the sexes; the second is that this cloth is always draped, never shaped or cut, and

was worn round the body in accordance with definite rules. Thus it was always fluid and

'live.' It is notable that we find no evidence in Classical times of tailors or dressmakers: the

word itself barely exists in Greek or Latin. drape:

basic characteristics of Classical costume

significant transformations in Classical costume

the greatness of Leon Heuzey's study of classical costume

the origin of ancient Greek and Roman costume

difficulties in defining Classical costume

Structure Stress principle & :

Keyword Inference

34. ?34)

The streets of New York are home to numerous trucks, vans, stands, and pushcarts all

selling food. Most of the vendors are immigrants bringing street versions of the world's

diverse food traditions to this already international metropolis. You can snack on Jamaican

goat patties, sample Chinese noodles, take a bite of Egyptian falafel, or enjoy vegetarian Sri

Lankan curry. New York even has an annual award ceremony, the Vendy Awards, for the best

sidewalk chefs. Part of the fun is tracking down the best offerings. Trucks and vans often

visit different areas of New York on different days; some chefs operate only at certain times

of day or only on weekends. Even stands with regular spots and hours occasionally vanish, as

the owner finds a better spot or takes a week off. Follow the crowds, or ask locals for

information hotel doormen will often let you into the secrets of a neighborhood's best

vendors.

New York: A Hub of Grocery Transportation

Vendy Awards for the Best-Selling Street Food

Origins of International Street Foods in New York

New York: A Paradise for Street Food Lovers

Famous Street Food for New York Drivers

Structure Stress

Keyword Inference



35. ?35)

Recently, researchers have suggested that the purpose of laughter is not just to

communicate that one is in a playful state, but to actually induce this state in others as well.

According to this view, the peculiar sounds of laughter have a direct effect on the listener,

inducing positive emotional arousal that mirrors the emotional state of the laugher, perhaps

by activating certain specialized brain circuits. In this way, laughter may serve an important

biosocial function of coupling together the positive emotions of members of a group and

thereby coordinating their activities. This would explain why laughter is so infectious; when

we hear someone laughing, it is almost impossible not to feel cheerful and begin laughing

too.

effects of laughter on others

benefits of activating brain circuits

strategies for coordinating activities

negative aspects of emotional reactions

importance of grouping in communication

Structure + Stress but~as well / according to / explain why

Keyword Inference

36. ?36)

Fascinated by how easily fish slip through water, scientists and sportswear designers alike

have examined fish skins at the molecular level to determine why they have less friction

than humans. Researchers were surprised to discover that shark skin, which is rough

enough to be used as sandpaper when dried, is one of the animal skins with the least

friction. Shark skin is covered by small, V-shaped bumps, made from the same material as

the sharks' teeth. Shark fin is also incorrectly perceived by some as having high

nutritional value, as well as cancer-fighting abilities. The rough surface actually reduces

drag as the shark glides through the ocean, because the bumps efficiently channel the water

away from the surface. Copied in fabric form, a shark skin-like system woven into a

textile's structure gives the fabric a hydrodynamic advantage.

* hydrodynamic:

Structure Stress

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


12.

37. ?37)

As awareness of the climate crisis rose rapidly with the cost of energy, the "green

consumerism" that was promoted as a responsible lifestyle choice in the 1990s became an

all-encompassing mass culture phenomenon. Mainstream lifestyle and even fashion magazines

featured special "green" issues, and the New York Times reported that 35 million Americans

were regularly seeking out (often highpriced) "earth-friendly" products, from organic lipstick

from the west Zambian rain forest to full hybrid electric cars. But the Times acknowledged

rising criticism of the trend as well, quoting the one-time "green business" pioneer Paul

Hawken as saying, "Green consumerism is a contradictory phrase," and acknowledging that

green living may indeed require buying less. With rising awareness of the cost of

manufacturing new "green" products, even the full hybrid electric car has come under

criticism for the high energy costs embedded in its manufacture.

Effective Ways to Measure Energy Cost Want to Solve Climate Crisis? Buy Less! How Can Green Business Be More Profitable? Enhancing Development of Earth-friendly Products Handling Climate Crisis through Green Consumerism

Structure ++ Stress quoting / indeed / require

Keyword Inference

38. ?38)

Any physical theory is always provisional, in the sense that it is only a hypothesis: you

can never prove it. No matter how many times the results of experiments agree with some

theory, you can never be sure that the next time the result will not contradict the theory. On

the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single observation that disagrees

with the predictions of the theory. As philosopher of science Karl Popper has emphasized, a

good theory is characterized by the fact that it makes a number of predictions that could in

principle be disproved or falsified by observation. Each time new experiments are observed to

agree with the predictions the theory survives, and our confidence in it is increased; but if

ever a new observation is found to disagree, we have to abandon or modify the theory.

*provisional

a trend in modern physics ways to collect data in science

limitations of a physical theory the disprovability of theoretical accounts

making observations using the scientific method

Structure ( support) Stress empahsize

Keyword Inference



39. ?39)

"Why, in country after country that mandated seat belts, was it impossible to see the

promised reduction in road accident fatalities?" John Adams, professor of geography at

University College London, wrote in one of his many essays on risk. "It appears that

measures that protect drivers from the consequences of bad driving encourage bad driving.

The principal effect of seat belt legislation has been a shift in the burden of risk from those

already best protected in cars, to the most vulnerable, pedestrians and cyclists, outside cars."

Adams started to group these counterintuitive findings under the concept of risk

compensation, the idea that humans have an inborn tolerance for risk. As safety features are

added to vehicles and roads, drivers feel less vulnerable and tend to take more chances. The

phenomenon can be observed in all aspects of our daily lives. Children who wear protective

gear during their games have a tendency to take more physical risks. Hikers take more risks

when they think a rescuer can access them easily.

According to John Adams, the phenomenon that safety measures (A) careless driving

may be accounted for by the notion that a greater sense of security (B) people to take

more risks.

(A) (B) (A) (B)

contribute to tempts contribute to forbids

discourage tempts discourage forces

discourage forbids

Structure (+)+ Stress

Keyword Inference

40. ?40)

One of the key fears we all have is fear that this is the wrong time to start whatever our

project is, and we should wait until the time is right. Tim Ferriss, author of the

bestselling book The 4 Hour Workweek, has this to say about timing: For all the most

important things, the timing is always wrong. Waiting for a good time to quit your job? The

stars will never align and the traffic lights of life will never all be green at the same time.

Conditions are never perfect. Someday is a disease that will take your dreams to the

grave with you. If it's important to you and you want to do it eventually, just do it and

correct course along the way. If you wait for the timing to be right before you make a

move, you may never make a move at all.

.

.

.

.

.

Structure +++ Stress never / If

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


13. /

41. ?41)

A major obstacle to discovery is not ignorance but ____________. Because Aristotle was so

comprehensive, logical, and brilliant, his writings became the ultimate standard of truth for

2,000 years. A major portion of Galileo's works was devoted to disproving Aristotle so that

the reader would be able to grasp his arguments. The difficulty was that a single authority

(Aristotle) was held in such high regard that alternative views could not get a hearing. In more recent times the work of Freud has had a similar effect. Freud's system of analysis

assumed certain mental constructs a priori such that it was very difficult to revise or improve

his theories. The result was that a fairly good number of psychoanalysts remained Freudians

though many psychologists began to ignore Freud altogether to make progress in their work.

* a priori

devotion knowledge arrogance

cooperation criticism

Structure ++ Stress

Keyword Inference

42. .42)

Science is making the future, and nations are busy making future scientists. The more science

that emerges from this investment, the greater the need for us to follow the gist of the

science with sufficient understanding. In other words, if we the ordinary people are to keep

pace with science, we need more science writers, and more science writing that is clear, wise

and eloquent, and that demands to be read. People often feel excluded from science,

convinced that it takes an advanced degree to understand what scientists do. As a result, they

defensively shrug off the whole business as an exclusive realm of little relevance to their

lives. One of the surest cures for scientific _____________ is great scientific literature, writing that does not merely translate technical terms into plain English or explain complicated ideas

simply.

intolerance immorality illiteracy

irregularity manipulation

Structure + Stress as a result

Keyword Inference



43. ?43)

Obviously, one of the judgments the public has of us is whether or not our telephone

service is good. Technically, if they get their calls through, efficiently and promptly, they

get what they want. That, however, is not all they want. They want to have the service

rendered to them in a manner that pleases them; they want not only efficiency but courtesy

and consideration; and they are in a position to get what they want. They are in the driver's

seat; they are paying the bills; and an understanding of that fact is a real and fundamental

basis of public relations. In order, therefore, for a great company to satisfactorily serve the

public, it must have a philosophy and a method of doing business which will allow and insure

that its people serve the public efficiently and in a pleasing manner.

.

.

.

.

.

Structure +++ Stress not all / not only A but also B

Keyword Inference

44. ?44)

However, this is what males and females may do on average not all males and females

behave in full conformity to Taylor's hypothesis.

According to Shelley Taylor, a social psychologist at the University of California, Los

Angeles, males show a fight-or-flight response to social stress: they either run away, to

avoid the stressor, or stay and fight. ( ) Females, on the other hand, tend and befriend:

they stay put and behave nicely to try to win over the enemy. ( ) Taylor is probably right.

( ) If two male monkeys are trapped together in a cage with no opportunity for escape,

there is a good chance that they will kill each other. ( ) Two female monkeys in the same

situation might instead try to be nice to each other and work together to reduce the tension.

( ) In reality, the line that divides the male and female strategies is crossed all the time

in both directions.

Structure ++ Stress not all / in reality

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


14.

1) 2) 3) 4)

45. ?45)

Do you know what fear and doubt fear? Community. One of fear and doubt's chief aims is

to make you feel alone, like you're the only one who feels a certain way. Fear wants to

isolate you and put you on an island. As long as you keep your fear to yourself, no one can

tell you the truth about it. No one can help you see what is really going on. No one can

encourage you. So if you're going to tell your voices, Go away, you've got to share them

with other people. You've got to tell your close friends or family or a counselor about your

voices. The exact person will be different for everyone, but never waste time trying to battle

a voice alone. In some cases that voice of fear and doubt will have had a ten-year head start

on you. Don't go it alone.

.

.

.

.

.

Structure ++ Stress

Keyword Inference

46. ?46)

A New York Times poll from July 1999 revealed that 63 percent of people interviewed

believed that in dealing with "most people" you "can't be too careful" and 37 percent

believed that "most people would try to take advantage of you if they got a chance." If you

assume that this is representative of the people that you wish to influence, your first job is

to let people see that you can be trusted. How? The same study gives us a hint. Respondents

also revealed that of the people that they "know personally," they would expect 85 percent

of them to "try to be fair." Could it be that simple? Let people see who you are, help them

to feel like they know you personally, and your trust ratio automatically triples! Think about

our language: "He's okay; I know him," or "It's not that I don't trust her; I just don't know

her."

.

.

.

.

.

Structure ++ Stress

Keyword Inference



47. ?47)

The motor of our ingenuity is the question "Does it have to be like this?", from which

arise political reforms, scientific developments, improved relationships, and better books.

The Romans hated winter cold and developed underfloor heating. They didn't wish to walk on muddy roads, so they paved them. They didn't want to suffer the frustration of a shallow

public baths, so they drew water through mountains and across valleys in a system of

aqueducts and underground pipes. The Chinese didn't want to find their sailors lost on the

sea, so they invented a compass to help them. They were unhappy when the sailing ship

could only move when the wind blew from behind them, so they invented sails that allowed

ships to sail against the wind. There would be few great human achievements if we accepted

all our frustrations. *aqueduct: ()

.

.

.

.

.

Structure + Stress

Keyword Inference

48. ?48)

After two centuries of opposing Native American languages, the U.S. government in 1990

passed an act to encourage their use, and then allocated a small amount of money (about

$2,000,000 per year) to Native American language studies. As that number illustrates, though,

governmental support for endangered languages has a long way to go. The money that the

government spends to preserve endangered species dwarfs its expenditure to preserve

endangered languages, and the money spent on one bird species alone (the Californian condor)

exceeds that spent on all of our 100-plus endangered Native American languages combined.

I'm all in favor of spending money for condors, and I wouldn't want to see money transferred

from condor programs to endangered language programs. Instead, I mention this comparison to

illustrate a gross inconsistency in our priorities. If we value endangered birds, why don't we

assign at least as much value to endangered languages, whose importance would be easier for

us humans to understand?

.

.

.

.

.

Structure Stress one of /

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


15.

49. ?49)

Here are two multiplication problems; Question 1: What is the product of

12345678? and Question 2: What is the product of 87654321?

Instead of calculating the answer, take two or three seconds to make a rough estimate. If we

put these questions side by side, the numbers are the same. So if we were truly logical

beings our answer should be the same for both. However, we are psychological beings so we

take shortcuts. When we are asked to answer the first question by itself, the answers average

about 500. But when the order of the numbers is reversed, the answers average well above

2,000. In the second problem, the product of the first three numbers is high, and in the first

it is low, resulting in hugely different projections. This shows that ________________________.

the way we avoid problems controls the way we think

the attention-grabbing effort has a good result on life

the first information has a large influence on what follows

the close observation of the result makes right judgement

the answer to the first question misleads the next question

Structure + Stress show

Keyword Inference

50. .50)

Despite the fact that ancient civilizations relied upon the apparent motion of celestial bodies

through the sky to determine seasons, months, and years, we know little about the details of

timekeeping in prehistoric eras. But wherever we turn up records and artifacts, we usually

discover that in every culture, some people were preoccupied with measuring the passage of

time. Ice-age hunters in Europe over 20,000 years ago scratched lines and made holes in

sticks and bones, possibly counting the days between phases of the moon. Five thousand years

ago, Sumerians in the Tigris-Euphrates valley had a calendar that divided the year into 30

day months, and the day into 12 periods. We have no written records of Stonehenge, built

over 4,000 years ago in England, but its alignments show its purposes apparently included the

determination of seasonal or celestial events. *celestial:

contrast in timekeeping between ancient and modern society

significance of making a calendar in human history

astronomy and the western religious rituals

measuring time in ancient civilizations

observing stars in prehistoric eras

Structure ++ Stress discover

Keyword Inference



51. ?51)

With all the ways our decisions can go wrong, you would think we'd have a little humility

about our ability to make accurate judgements but we don't. Research has consistently demonstrated that we're overconfident in the judgements we make. And these include the

judgements of professionals like doctors, lawyers, security analysts, and engineers. One study

showed, for instance, that when doctors diagnosed pneumonia, they were 88 percent confident

in their diagnoses, even though their patients had pneumonia only 20 percent of the time.

Sixty-eight percent of lawyers believe that they will win their case, when only 50 percent

can. When people predicted whether stocks were going to rise or fall from market reports,

only 47 percent of their predictions were correct, but their average confidence was 65

percent. Over 85 percent of us think we're better drivers than the average person. In most

every aspect of life, we consistently ___________________. *pneumonia: etz

make light of our job performance commit trivial errors and mistakes

demonstrate our outstanding ability overrate our knowledge and abilities

make correct judgements and decisions

Structure ++ Stress all the ways

Keyword Inference

52. ?52)

Sustainability is essentially ____________________. The causes and effects of unsustainable

living are disproportionate and unevenly distributed. Some humans enjoy the benefits of

global economic development, industrialization and new technologies; many other people and

many other species bear the risks and costs. Among human populations, the poorest nations,

and the poorest within nations, are most at risk. As Nicholas Stern, chief author of the

British government's report on the economics of climate change commented in the Executive

Summary, The poorest developing countries will be hit earliest and hardest by climate

change, even though they have contributed little to causing the problem. Furthermore,

while efforts are (slowly) getting underway to reduce or reverse future global warming, the

unequal distribution of benefit and risk will be even greater for children who face the brunt

of future consequences. *brunt ( ) ,

an incomplete measure of resources

an issue of social justice and fairness

a project to be led by creative researchers

a requirement for industries to develop steadily

an objective for our future generations to attain

Structure ++ Stress some ; many

Keyword Inference

KISS Training


25)

, , . , , , , , . , . , . , . , . . , .

26)

. , , , . Richard Dawkins . , . , , .

27)

10 . 35 , 3 . 15 , 50 . , , . . , . . . , .

28)

, , . , . . ( ) . , . . .

29)

. . . . . () . . . . " ?" . , . .

30)

Belding , . . , , . , . , Sherman .

31)

"" . , . " " " " . . " ?" , "" . "" "" "" .

32)

, , , . . , . , . . . . , , , .



33)

, . , . Leon Heuzey . , , . , . ' .' . .

34)

New York , , , . . , , , . New York Vendy Awards . ( ) . New York , . . . .

35)

, . , . , . . .

36)

, . . V , . ( .) , . , .

37)

,1990 ' ' . '' ,New York Times ' ' ( ) . Times ' ' PaulHawken " " , , . '' , .

38)

, . etz . , . , . etz Karl Popper , . , . , .

39)

? John Adams ( ) . . , , . Adams , . , . . . . John Adams , .

KISS Training


40)

, . The 4-Hour Workweek Tim Ferriss . , . ? ( ), . . . , , . , .

41)

. , , 2,000 . () . () . . . .

42)

, , . . , , . , . , . .

43)

. , . . , . , , . .

44)

UCLA Shelley Taylor , . . , . . Taylor . . . , Taylor . .

45)

? . . . . . . () . , . . , . . .

46)

1999 7 63 37 . , . ? . 85 . ? , , ! . . . . .

47)

" ?" , , , . . . () . , . . .



48)

2 1990 , ( 2 ) . . , ( ) 100 . . . . , ?

49)

. 1: 12345678 ? 2: 87654321 ? 2 3 . . . . 500. 2,000 . , . .

50)

, , , . , . 20,000 , . - 1 30 12 . 4,000 Stonehenge .

51)

, . . . , , . , 88% . 20% . 68% , 50% . 47% , 65% . 85% . .

52)

. . , , . , , . Nicholas Stern , . () , .

2015-ORB-02


16~20

!!

+

Remy's English

Class



Mensa Korea

CLASS Online

-

-

NEAT BIBLE -

Series

Series

3.0 /

[email protected]


KISS Training


16. not A but B

not A but B / not A instead B / not A rather B / not only A but also B

53. ?53)

Our essentially subtropical body isn't well suited to life in the Arctic because we don't

have the fur of polar bears or the thick, insulating fat of sea mammals. But we can make fur

ot/1강/2강 kiss trainingd1anutt72n1dwl.cloudfront.net/course/1425358418.4_ma… · ·...

Documents