outlook of the chinese smart water sector - cewp files/digitalization_of... · smart water grid is...

Outlook of the Chinese Smart Water Sector

中国智慧水务展望

China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

中国水利水电科学研究院4 Jun 2019

Outlook of the Chinese Smart Water Sector

I. China water is entering the era of 3.0+

II. Concept of Smart Water Grid

III. Key Technologies of Chinese Smart Water Grid Project Construction

IV. Outlook of Chinese Smart Water Grid Project Construction

Contents提纲


— 1977

农田水利+江河堤防

1978-2000城乡供水+安全提标

2001-2030民生水利+生态水利

（资源水利）

Water 1.0工程水利

Water 2.0资源水利

Water 3.0生态水利

The Three Stages of Water Development in China

— 1977

• Irrigation and Water Conservancy

• River Embankments Construction

1978-2000

• Urban-rural Water Supply

• Improving Water Security

2001-2030

• Improving people’s livelihood

• Improving the ecological environment

2001

2014

2030

Water 3.0 Water 3.0+

• Concept Innovation

• Institutional Innovation

• Pilot Exploration

• Capacity Building

• ……

• Popularize concept

• Perfect mechanism

• Comprehensive advancement

• Improve ability

• ……

• Prioritize water conservation, achieve a spatial

balance, manage systematically, markets and

governments work together

• Man and nature (water) live in harmony

• Modernization of water management system……

• Strictest Water Resources Management System,

Water-saving Society, Flood Risk Management

• The River Chief System, Water Right, Irrigation

Water Pricing Reform……


Smart Water Grid is the key measure to improve water 3.0+智能水网是推进水利3.0+的关键措施

Water

Shortage

Frequent

Water

Disasters

Water

Pollution

Ecological

Damage

Inadequate Regulation of Water Grid

• Inadequate infrastructure

• Lack of water resources

• Imperfect pipe network

• Poor regulatory capacity

Water Shortage

• Insufficient storage capacity

• Low dispatching level

• Poor flood control capability

• Poor drainage of the city

Water Disasters• Inadequate sewage

collection and

treatment capacity

• Poor control ability

Water Environment

• Insufficient protection

engineering

• Lack of measures and

facilities

Water Ecology

The mode of development

and utilization of on-

demand supply leads to

the over-exploitation of

water resources.

Unreasonable urban-rural

construction occupies water

space, resulting in reduced

flood discharge capacity

Unreasonable discharge

of sewage leads to the

reduction of water

environmental capacity

Overexploitation of water

resources leads to in-

sufficient ecological flow

and overexploitation of

groundwater

Improve weak links

Strengthen supervisionExcessive Regulation of Water Grid


II. Concept of Smart Water Grid

II. The Concept of Smart Water Grid

( 1 ) The dual structure of water grid system二元的水网结构

经济社会服务功能

生态环境服务功能

+

“生态+经济”二元功能“水+盆”

( 2 ) The three-dimensional connotation of water grid system三维的水网内涵

Three Components of Water Grid System

DecisionMaking

System

HardwareSystem

InformationSystem

Brain

Skeletal System

Neuro

Information

Acquisition

Dispatching

Control

Consultation

Water Physical Grid

Water Information Grid

Water Management Grid


( 3 ) Four basic components of water grid system四个基本组成

Type Component Content

Water Physical Grid

(Hardware System）

Channel Water system connecting rivers and lakes, canal network for water supply

Node The branch point of river system, hydro-junction, nodes of water supply network

Flow Water flow

Regulation The theory of hydrodynamics

Water Information Grid

(Information System)

Channel Wired transmission channel, wireless transmission channel

Node Information collection points, storage interaction point, management control platform

Flow Information flow

Regulation Data standard, networking protocol, transport protocol

Water Management Grid

(Decision Making System)

Channel Vertical scheduling management system, horizontal scheduling management system

Node Different levels of management units and organizations

Flow Business flow

Regulation Law & regulation, regulatory regime, schedule specification


( 4 ) Five features of Smart Water Grid五大目标特征


三网合一

一网多能Water Supply Flood Control

AmusementLandscape

Ecology Power

GenerationNavigation

Commodity


III. The Key Technologies of Smart Water Grid

Project Construction

( 1 ) Physical Grid: Technologies for ecological management of near-natural rivers and lakes

近自然的河湖生态治理技术

The aim of ecological management of rivers and lakes is to maintain the diversity of aquatic organisms. We

should adopt near-natural technologies, maintain the three-dimensional continuity of rivers and the three-

dimensional heterogeneity of landforms, and maintain the physical and chemical characteristics of water within the

normal range, so as to achieve the restoration of river and lake water ecosystems.

生物袋技术

具有良好的孔隙度

和透水不透土性能，能

有效防治水流冲刷造成

的土壤流失，并实现水

分在土壤中正常交换，

起到“固根保土”作用。

蜂巢约束系统

是一种由聚合物宽带

经超声波焊接而成的蜂巢

式三维网状物，在格室中

填充泥土、沙石或混凝土

等材料，构成具有强大侧

向限制和刚度的结构

Ecological bank protection technology In situ ecological restoration technology

III. Key Technologies of Smart Water Grid Project Construction

( 2 ) Physical Grid: Technologies for water grid construction based on potential function

人工水网规划决策技术

Type Index

Driving Force

Water Demand

Rationing Mechanism（Potential ）

Location Potential

Economic Potential

Political Potential

Damping Mechanism（Damping）

Resource Endowment

Economic and Social Cost

Ecological Cost

Social water cycle driving force field strength formula：

The potential field function of social water

cycle provides a physical decision-making

method for the construction planning of

trans-regional water resources allocation

network.

2 2 2 21

( ) ( )[ ]( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

nh h h h

A w

h h h h h

Q x x Q y yE k i j

x x y y x x y y

单元的用水需求

表征配给机制（区位、经济、政策）的平面向量


(3) Physical Grid: Safe construction technologies for large water project under complex conditions

复杂条件大型水工程安全友好建设技术

• Environmentally friendly hydraulic engineering technology

• Safe construction technology for hydraulic engineering

under complex conditions

• Safe construction technology for high dam

• Safety technology for water projects and emergency

management technology

• Fishway construction technology imitating natural

hydraulic conditions

Fishway

堰顶式竖缝式

环境友好水工程技术

水工程安全建设技术

高坝枢纽安全建设技术

水工程安全和应急管理技术

仿自然条件的鱼道构筑技术


井盖智能监控终端

井盖智能锁井下水位智能监控终端

新型可调式防沉降球墨铸铁井盖

路面积水智能监控终端

雨量采集终端

(4) Information Grid: Intelligent sensing and multi-source stereoscopic monitoring networking

technology智能传感与多源立体监测组网技术

Intelligent information acquisition

• Intelligent Sensor

• Stereoscopic Monitoring

• Dynamic Network

• Integrated Layout

Modern information transmission

• Optical Fiber Transmission

• Mobile Communication（4G/5G

）

• Narrow Band Internet of Things（NB-IOT）

• High Throughput Satellite

Communications

信息智能采集

• 智能传感器

• 立体监测

• 动态组网

• 一体化布局

现代信息传输

• 光纤传输

• 移动通信（3G/4G）

• 窄带物联网（NB-IOT）

• 高通量卫星通信


(5) Information Grid : Medium and long term prediction technologies for water information

水信息中长期预测预报技术

Physical Cause Analysis

Mathematical Statistics

Intelligent Method

Hydrological Models Driven by Climate Models

• Atmospheric circulation

• Solar Activity

• Planetary Position

• Earth Rotation

• Single-factor Prediction

• multiple-factor Prediction

• Fuzzy Mathematics

• Grey System Method

• Artificial Neural Network

• Wavelet Analysis

• Chaos Theory

WaterInformation

Forecast

• Monthly Forecast

• Quarterly Forecast

• Yearly Forecast

Trend Prediction

Evaluation of prediction schemes Determination of scheme weight Integration of schemes


(6) Information Grid : Fusion mining and intelligent application of big data concerning water

information涉水大数据融合挖掘与智能应用

Big Data Management and Mining

• cloud technology

• Unstructured data management and mining

• data assimilation

• Effective screening and mining of big data

Intelligent Services and Applications

• Deep Learning

• Virtual Simulation

• Intelligent Analysis

• Intelligent Promotion

大数据管理与挖掘

• 云技术

• 非结构数据管理与挖掘

• 数据融合同化

• 大数据有效甄别与挖掘

智能服务与应用

• 深度学习

• 虚拟仿真

• 智能研判

• 智能推送


(7) Management Grid: Practice-driven new technology for optimal allocation of water resources

实践驱动的水资源优化配置技术

• Calculation of ecological water demand in the stage of ecological civilization: Scientific Positioning, Physical Mechanism

• Distribution of water (weight) in the area: Easy to understand and accept

• The most stringent management of total control: Precise and verifiable

• Demand for spatial equilibrium: Cross-regional integrated water resources allocation technology


短期调度中长期调度

集合预报分级预报

? 长-短?

嵌套

水库群风险调度水库群集合调度

理论基础

调度模式

实时控制

精细模拟

闸泵群调度

天气模式数据融合、同化人类活动影响预报问题

水量指标

系统模拟

资源优化

模拟理论

优化理论

河道系统模拟渠道系统模拟

自然水循环模拟系统参数率定问题的非结构化特性解析人工调控系统资源优化分配问题的结构化与半结构化特性解析

物理实验统计分析数学建模机理解析

(8) Management Grid : Multi-objective integrated dispatching technology for complex water

resources system复杂水资源系统多目标综合调度技术

Technology for multiple uncertainty analysis in complex water resource systems（不确定性）

Long-short-real-time nested mode of sequential regulation of water resources（长中短期）

Multidimensional analysis and efficient solution of complex constrained optimization problem（多维求解

）

The basic theory of multi-objective dispatching in complex water resources system（基础理论）


(9) Management Grid: Intelligent control technology for Water project

水工程智能控制技术

Combined monitoring method for

water quality and hydraulics of river,

channel, lake and reservoir

Dynamic process control of river,

channel, lake and reservoir

Unattended intelligent control

equipment, software and platform

Cascade

power

stations &

Sluice-pump

group

Multi-source uncertainty

Save water and energy

Multidimensional security control

Dynamic Control动态控制

Automatic Monitoring

自动监测Sluice-pump group

cascade power stations

Distribution Pattern集散模式


IV. The Outlook of Chinese Smart Water Grid

Project Construction


The general goal is to comprehensively meet people's water demand for a better life.

The specific supporting goals are as follows:

The water network system is interconnected

Direct drinking water covers all residents

The quantity and quality of industrial water supply are up to standard

Flood and drought disasters were safely prevented and controlled

Aquaculture can develop healthily

River and lake ecosystems are healthy

The water environment quality is fully up to standard

The water space environment of human habitation is beautiful

Groundwater can be used continuously

The water information needs of the public can be met

(1) The expectation of the construction of Chinese Smart Water Grid

Construction

（友好经济）

Operation

（安全可靠）

Plan（结构

合理）

Centering on safety, efficiency, spatial balance and sound four-level network, we will construct a strong

"body" of the national intelligent water network project, and realize the north-south interconnection,

regulation of abundance and drought, storage and drainage, and integration of multiple functions.

National Water Physical Grid

Cross-region backbone water grid Cross-basin backbone water grid

Watershed Water Physical Grid

Basin-connected water grid Watershed management project

Regional Water Physical Grid

Provincial water grid County water grid

Unit Water Physical Grid

The water grid of city The water grid of Irrigation area

(2) The construction framework of the Water Physical Grid物理网

Construction(economically feasible)

Operation(safe and reliable)

Programming(well-structured)


Space-scale allocation project

• 172 Major Projects

• New strategy for resource allocation

Time-scale allocation project

• Underground reservoir project

• Surface water transfer and storage projects

Unconventional water allocation project

• Recycled water reuse project

• Desalination project

• Other water source utilization projects

(2) The construction framework of the Water Physical Grid: National scale

National Water Physical, major allocation projects and unconventional water resources

allocation projects

国家物理网：国家水网、重大调配工程和非常规水资源配置工程


模型黄河

数字黄河

原型黄河

Watershed/Regional Water Physical Grid ：Interconnected+Comprehensive control+ecosystem

流域/区域水物理网：“互联互通+综合调配+健康生态”

(2) The construction framework of the Water Physical Grid: Watershed/regional scale


(2) The construction framework of the Water Physical Grid: Unit scale

Unit Water Physical Grid : City & Irrigation area Dualization + Integration

单元水物理网：城市、灌区，“二元化 + 一体化”


Water Physical Grid is not only the interconnected river system

network, but also includes physical infrastructure such as

reservoir, dam, river embankment and so on, as well as

comprehensive basin management measures such as river and

lake regulation and water and soil conservation.

健康小流域治理

黄土高原淤地坝建设

水土保持生态修复

水土保持重点工程

特征传统河道整治理念现代河道整治理念

治理目标单一目标多目标综合

参与人员工程类专家多学科专家

关注方面集中于工程建设干预措施的可持续性

空间尺度河段河流整体或流域

时间尺度水力变化等较短时间地形地貌变化等较长时间

后续维持后续维护前期设计脱节与后期管理维护相统一

管理模式政府主导,自上而下公众参与,自下而上

追求目标寻求稳定追求在可变范围内的平衡

(2) The construction framework of the Water Physical Grid

水物理网不仅是河湖水系联通，还包

括水库大坝、河道堤防、蓄引提调水

等基础设施，也包括江河治理、河湖

整治、水土保持等流域综合治理措施


Centering on comprehensive perception and decision support, a sensitive "nerve" of National

Smart Water Grid Project is constructed to realize thorough perception, interconnection, wide

sharing and effective support.

(3) The construction framework of the Water Information Grid

透彻感知

互联互通

广泛共享

有效支持


空间

一个点一条河流一个流域一个区域

时间

掌握现状了解历史预测未来

信息

监测数据分析评价结果应对处置措施

水资源管理

水生态修复

水环境保护

水灾害防御

解决四大水问题洪水

水资源开发利用

干旱

水利工程安全运行

水利工程建设

城乡供水

节水

江河湖泊

水土保持

九大业务需求

雨量站水位站流量站地下水埋深测站

水保站水质站墒情监测站其他测站

Intelligent information acquisition：Multiple means work together + Network optimization

+ Site upgrade + Comprehensive monitoring

Expand access to remote sensing, big data and other data / multi-source networking / dynamic

evaluation of information acquisition efficiency / closed-loop control / intelligent adjustment

(3) The construction framework of the Water Information Grid: Acquisition信息采集智能化：多手段协同+站网优化+站点升级达到全面监控的目标


Intelligent information transmission:

• Everything is connected: Connected water

• Multi-route automatic selection

• Mixed networking of 3G /4G /5G, Wifi, bluetooth,

ZigBee and other wireless communication

technologies

• Automatic adjustment according to transmission

channel rate

手持智能设备

采集传输控制定位

一体化智能设备

常规/智能设备

智能水网控制中心分中心

水利专网水利政务网

Internet

GPS模块

低功耗无线通讯模块

带PID调节电磁阀

创建可视化虚拟河流

传感器数据收集处理分布式传感器网络

(3) The construction framework of the Water Information Grid: Transmission信息网建设框架：传输。物联网、无线通信等多种无线通信技术


服务目标单一，导致条块分割

标准规范不全，形成数字鸿沟

共享机制缺乏，产生信息壁垒

基础设施不足，阻碍信息交流

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

水水水水水水水水水水

水水水水水水水水水水水

水水

水水水水

水水水水水水

水水水水水

水水水水

水水水水

……

水水水水水水水水水水水

水水水水

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

水水水水

水水水

水水水水水水

水

水

水

水

(3) The construction framework of the Water Information Grid: Sharing信息网建设框架：共享。一张图建设，实现信息管理一体化和全面资源共享

Intelligent information management:

One map to realize the integration of information management and comprehensive

resource sharing


Intelligent information service:

One platform to realize Intelligent services for two-way flow of information

(3) The construction framework of the Water Information Grid: Service信息网建设框架：服务。一个平台建设，实现信息双向流动的智能服务


水循环模拟模型水量水质

地表水

土壤水

地表水

地下水

供水

用水

耗水

排水

自然水循环社会水循环模拟

长期预报模型短期预报模型实时预报模型

空中水

地下水

水质

生态

生产

生活

来水预报用水预测预报

供水

长期调度模型短期调度模型实时调度模型

防洪

发电

综合调度

航运

生态

调度

……

社会合理性

经济合理性

生态合理性

效率合理性

资源合理性

评价

调度评价模型

控制

实时监测

闸门群控制算法泵站群控制算法

实时控制

Forming a scientific, efficient, accurate and normalized management

system, constructing the intelligent "brain" of the Smart Water Grid

Project through scientific decision-making and precise regulation, to

realize scientific decision-making, efficient transmission, effective

execution and powerful control.

围绕科学决策与精准调控，建构国家智能水网工程的智慧“大脑”，实现决策科

学、传递高效、执行到位、控制有力。

Scientific

• The support of effective information

• Scientific decision making

Efficient

• Efficient instruction transmission

• Efficient instruction execution

Accurate

• Accurate target management

• Accurate process management

Normalized

• Owning laws to be based on

• The main body clearly

• Normalized procedure

• Normalized operation

(4) The construction framework of the Water Management Grid管理网


It is necessary to improve the top-level design, scientifically formulate the construction planning and

implementation plan for China Smart Water Grid, and focus on building a technical standard system

for Chinese Smart Water Grid Project. Meanwhile, we need to introduce social capital and use the

power of enterprises to activate the water market, markets and governments work together to

promote the construction of the Smart Water Grid, so as to provide an integrated approach for the

modernization of water management systems and governance capabilities.

建设国家智能水网工程，未来需要进一步做好顶层设计，科学制定建设规划和实施方案，构建技术

标准体系，引入社会资本，依靠企业力量，两手发力推进国家智能水网工程建设，为水治理体系与

治理能力现代化建设提供集成性抓手。

Conclusion

36

Thanks.谢谢！

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