pÂ apkvenaq³ apxÂ sfknkv hsc-bpÅ · 2018-03-25 · 3 cjvhm\pÂ apkvenaq³ apxÂ sfknkv hsc-bpÅ...

$: pÂ apkvenaq³ apXÂ sFknkv hsc-bpÅ · 2018-03-25 · 3 CJvhm\pÂ apkvenaq³ apXÂ sFknkv hsc-bpÅ Xo{h Nn´m-[m -c-Isf Ipdn -¨pÅ hniZ ]T -\w. hn[n \nÀ®bm[nImcw AÃm-lp -hn¶v$
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CJvhm\pÂ apkvenaq³ apXÂ sFknkv hsc-bpÅ Xo{h Nn´m-[m-c-Isf Ipdn- pÅ hniZ ]T-\w. hn[n \nÀ®bm[nImcw AÃm-lp-hn¶v am{Xw, Pmln-en-¿-¯v, Pnlm-Zv, cmjv{Sw XpS-§nb kwÚ-IÄ¡v Xo{h-Nn´mKXn-¡mÀ \ÂIp¶ A_-²-P-Un-e-amb hymJym-\-§fpw XZv hnj-b-§-fnÂ apJy-[mcm apkveow ]WvUn-X-·m-cpsS EPphmb Imgv¸m-Sp-Ifpw hni-I-e\w sN¿p-¶p.

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Icp-Wm-hm-\mb AÃm-lp-hnsâ \ma- nÂ, Ah-\m-Ip¶p kÀÆ kvXpXn-bpw. AÃm-lp-hnsâ kzem¯pw kem-apw \½p-tSbpw ap³Km-an-I-fp-tSbpw ]n³Km-an-I-fp-tSbpw t\Xm-hmb apl-½Zv \_n-bnepw Ahn-Sps¯ IpSpw-_-¯nepw A\p-N-c-·m-cnepw, \·-bnÂ Aý-\mÄ hsc Ahsc ]n´p-S-cp-¶-h-cnepw hÀjn-¡p-am-dm-I-s«.

AÂ Akvl-dnÂ \n¶pÅ X\-Xmb Hcp ]T-\-]-²-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. Ignª 80 hÀj-Ime- n-\n-S-bnÂ CkvemanIsa¶ t]cnÂ DS-se-Sp¯ cmjv{Sob Nn´m-[m-c-I-fpsS ZÀi-\-§fpw \b\ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw

bp²§Ä XpS§o Ht«sd LS-I-§-fmÂ AXn-cq-£hpw `bm-\-I-hp-amb Hcp am\-knI Npäp-]mSv apkvenw kaq-ls¯ hebw sN¿p¶ kml-N-cy- n-emWv Ch-sbÃmw kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv. Ad-_v, CkvemanI -k-ap-Zm-b-§Ä¡p t\sc H¶-S¦w {]iv\-§-fpsS cm£k¯nc-am-e-IÄ Bª-Sn- p. km-aq-lnI ]cn-hÀ¯-\-§fpw kam-K-X-am-bn. ]cn-{`mń ]nSn-s]« ]ea\Êp-Ifpw ]n¶oSv Ime-L-«- nsâ Xs¶ hn]- n\p hn¯p ]mIp¶ ØnXn hntijw kwPm-X-am-bn. bmYmÀ°y t_m[-t¯msS Nnń-¡mt\m bmYmÀ°yw DÄsIm-Åmt\m A]-{K-Y\w \S¯n ]cn-lm-c-amÀ¤-§tfm, AXn-Po-h\ kn²m- -§tfm kaÀ¸n-¡m³ AhÀ¡p km[n-¨n-Ã. CXm-bn-cp¶p apJy-[m-c-bpsS Nn-{Xw.

CtX kabwXs¶ Hcp ka{K _lp-P\ {]Øm-\-¯nsâ ]ndhn kw`-hn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. hnip² JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw Xncp kp¶- nÂ \n¶pw X§Ä¡v A\p-Iq-e-am-Ip¶ ASn- -dtbm ImgvN¸mtSm \ne-]mtSm Is- p-¶-Xn-\mbn

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AhÀ k[m {ian¨v sImn-cn-¶p. Zo\o hnIm-chpw Zo\o-\nbn H¯p tNcp-I, Zo\o {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä kXy-k-Ôhpw hnP-b-{]-Z-hp-am-¡p-I, F¶n-h-bmWv Cu {]Øm\ inÂ¸n-IÄ apJyambn e£o-I-cn- -Xv. AtX kabw JpÀ-B\pw Xncp Ncybpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶n-S¯pw Ah-bnÂ \n¶v Imcy-§Ä A]-{K-Yn-s -Sp-¡p-¶n-S¯pw ]c-a-Zm-cn-{Zhpw ZuÀe- yXbpw AhÀ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\mÂ ]e kml-N-cy-§-fnepw kw`h hnIm-k-§-fnepw AhÀ JpÀ-B-\nsâ hnip² hN-\-§-sfbpwXncp lZo-kp-I-tfbpw AhÀ¡-\p-Iq-e-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ D²-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.- ]t£ th-co-Xn-bnÂ Ahsb A]-{K-Yn-¡mt\m kmt¦-XnI hi-§fpw \S-]Sn {Ia-§fpw am\-Z-Þ-§fpw ]cn-K-Wn-¡mt\m A\p-_Ô hnÚm\ imJ-IÄ hni-I-e\w \S- p-hmt\m AhÀ£a ImWn- n-Ã. XXv^-e-ambn X§sf¯nt¨À¶ \ne-]m-Sp-I-fp-sSbpw \nK-a-\-§-fp-sSbpw IrXy-Xtbm A\yq-\-Xtbm Dd¸p hcp- mt\m AhÀ¡m-bn-Ã. AÃm-lp-hnÂ \n¶v Ah-XoÀ®-amb hnip² Zo\n-te¡v AXn\p hncp-²tam AXnÂ kw`-hn-¡m³ kma-\y _p²n-bmÂ Xs¶ km[y-X-bn-Ãm- tXm Bb Imgv¨-¸m-Sp-IÄ Iq«n-t¨À¡-s -Sp-¶-Xnsâ Zpc-hym-]-I-amb {]Xn- -e-\-§Ä¡v AhÀ ]cn-K-W\ \ÂIp-I-bp-m-bn-Ã.

AXp-sImp Xs¶ Ignª 80 Bp-IÄ¡n-S-bnÂ {]mam-WnI ]n³_-e-an-Ãm¯ Bi-b-§fpw kn²m- -§fpw \nK-a-\-§fpw kam-lm-c-§fpw h³tXm-XnÂ \ap¡v ap¼nÂ Ipanªv IqSp-I-bp-m-bn. kmlnXy ]Sp-¡fpw {KÙ Imc-·mcpw {]t_m-[-Icpw aXm-thiw Xe¡p ]nSn- -hcpw F¶p th Zo\o hnZym-cw-K-t¯¡v kzbw IS-¶p-h-¶v, eh-teiw ]cn-Nbtam, Ah-Km-ltam, kml-N-cytam km[y-X-Itfm CÃmsX Xs¶ apPvXln-Zp-I-fm-bn- oÀ¶ tUmIvSÀamcpw

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F³Pn-\n-bÀamcpw hnhn[ s{]m -j-\-ep-I-fp-saÃmw Dm-bn-cp-¶p CXn¶p ]n¶nÂ.

XXv -e-ambn al- mb Zo\n-te¡v Bi-b-¡p-g- -§fpw Kpcp-X-c-amb D²-c-Wn-Ifpw Ie§n -a-dnª \n-K-a-\-§fpw \pgªp Ibdp-I-bp-m-bn. AtX XpSÀ¶v Iep-jX-bmÀ¶ kw`h hnIm-k-§fpw alm-Zp-c-´-§fpw XS-hdbpw ]oV-\hpw sImebpw h³tXm-XnÂ Ac-t§-dn. Gsd k¦oÀ®hpw B]-XvI-chpw hn{`m´ ]qÀ®-hp-amb kmaq-ln-Im- -co-£w AtX XpSÀ¶v kwPm-X-am-bn. X§Ä t\cn-Sp¶ ]oV\-§fpsSbpw ]co-£-W-§-fptSbpw Xo¨qf-bnÂ Adnhpw Nn´bpw Btem-N-\bpw kzm[o-\n-¡-s -Sp-Ibpw h{Io-Ir-X-amb hnÚm-\o-b-§Ä ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn ITn-\-amb am\-knI k½À±-¯n-\n-S-bnÂ AØn-c-Xbpw hf-s¨m-Sn-¡epw ZpÀhyJym-\hpw \nd-ªm-Snb Hcp Nn´m sshÚm-\nI cwKw ]n¶oSv cq]-s¸-«p-h-¶p.

F¶mÂ {]am-Wn-I-amb hnÚm\ kc-Wnsb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ AÂ AkvlÀ bqWn-th-gvknän, sshÚm-\nI cwK¯v ]¯p-\q-äm-nsâ hnZym- ymk {]{In-b-bp-tSbpw ssh Úm\I taJ-e-bnse AXpey ]cnNb k¼- n-sâbpw DS-a-bm-Wv. Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn AXn-{]m-hn-Wy-apÅ alm-]-WvUn-Xsc hmÀs¯-Sp¯v hnhn[ hnÚm\ imJ-IÄ cq]-s¸-Sp- n, \o Ime-b-f-hnse sshÚm-\nI {]{In-b-bn-eq-sSb temI-¯nsâ hnhn[ `mK-§-fnÂ \n¶v Akvldns\ e£oI-cn¨v F¯n-t¨-cp¶ hnhn[ kwkv¡m-c-§fpw PohnX coXn-Ifpw kml-N-cy-§-fpw DÄsIm ]WvUnX k¦-§-fn-eq-sS- AÂ AkvlÀ AXnsâ sshÚm-\nI anI-hn\v XnIhpw ]cn-]qÀ®-Xbpw t\Sn.

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A§s\ hnh[ sshÚm-\nI ]²-Xn-Ifpw kwhn-[m-\-§fpw A\nXc-km-[m-cWmw hn[w AÂ Akvl-dn\p kz´-am-hp-Ibpw AXn-cp-IÄ¡-Xo-X-ambn Adnhnsâ kwtbm-P\w km[y-am-¡p-Ibpw CkvemanI temIw Ing¡pw ]Snªmdpw AÂ-A-kvl-dn\p AZznXobX IÂ]n¨p \ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

ap¼v {]Xn-]m-Xn¨ {]iv\-Im-ep-jy-§Ä¡n-S-bnÂ AÂ AkvlÀ AXnsâ sshÚm-\nI hn`h k¼-¶-X-bpsS ØnXn KXn-IÄ im´-ambn ho£n- p. Cu Nn´m-[m-c-Ifpw Xo{h {]Øm-\-§fpw apt¶m«v sh¨ ImgvN¸mSpIfpw kn²m´§fpw JpÀ-B-\n\pw Xncp-kp-¶- n\pw AhÀ \ÂInb ]cn-t{]-£y-§fpw AÂ-A-kvlÀ {]mamWnI]T\ hni-I-e-\-§Ä¡v hnt[-b-am-¡n. B \n-e¡v Hcp {]Xn- mkw t]mepw Akvl-dnsâ \ncn-£-W- n\pw hne-bn-cp- -en\pw hni-I-e-\- n\pw hnt[-b-am-Im-Xn-cp-¶n-Ã. AXn\p tijw Hmtcm hnj-b-§-fnepw AÂ AkvlÀ \ne-]mSp hyà-am-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-bnÂ NneXv ]pd¯v {]Nmcw t\Sn. aäp NneXv {i²n-¡-s¸-SmsX t]mbn. Imcy-£-a-amb aoUnbm sUen-hdn kwhn-[m-\tam, BÀssI-hnwKv kuI-cy-§tfm, tUmIyp-sa-tâ-j³ ]²-Xn-Itfm CÃm-Xn-cp-¶Xv Hcp ]s£ Cu{]-Nm-c-¡p-d-hn\p Imc-W-am-bn-cn-¡mw. Ignª GXm\pw hÀj-§-fnÂ \tS {]Xn-]m-Xn¨ ØnXn hntijw Gsd {]£p-_v[-am-hp-Ibpw Ignª F¬]-Xm-n-\nsS ]ndhn sIm, Øe-Ime _Ô-an-ÃmsX JpÀ-B-\nI kqà-§Ä D²-cn¨v X§-fpsS ap³sN-bvXn-IÄ¡v \ymbw Is- p¶ {]Øm-\-§fpw Ah-bpsS Bi-b-§fpw kn²m-´-§fpw ØnXn-K-Xn-IÄ Gsd aeo-a-khpw k¦oÀ®-hp-am-¡n-¯oÀ¯p.

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apt¼-A-hÀ apt¶m«p sh¨ hnIe Bi-b-§Ä¡pw h{I Nn´-IÄ¡pw Dt]mÂ]¶-§fpw {]Xn-{In-b-Ifpw {]I-S-am-bn. Ah-bpsS ]pXnb hàm-¡Ä ]WvUn-X-cpsS Nn´m kc-Wn-bnÂ \n¶pw \ne-]m-Sp-I-fnÂ \n¶pw Gsd AI-¶p-t]m-bn. Npcp-§nb ]£w Adn-hnsâ AÀ° Xe-§sf Ipdn-s -¦nepw [mc-W-bp-m-bn-cp¶ ]gb Xe-ap-dbnse hmàm-¡-fpsS Ime-tijw AÀ°iq-\y-amb Bthiw am{Xw ssIap-X-em-¡nb ]pXp Xe-ap-d-bnse {]Nm-c-IÀ Bthiw X§-fpsS Xqen-I-I-fnepw thZn-I-fnepw {]Xn- -en- n-¨p. C¶-hÀ hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-§Ä¡pw \b-cq-]o-I-c-W- n\pw t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶p. AXp-hgn {]iv\ Iep-jn-Xhpw kwLÀj apJ-cn-Xhpw Ah-e-£-W-hp-amb Hcp apJw aX-ZÀi-\- n\p h¶p tNÀ¶p. ico-A¯nsâ bYmÀ° e£y-§Ä Ah-bnÂ {]nXn- -en- n-sÃ¶p am{X-aÃ ]e-t¸mgpw Ah ico-A- n\p hn\m-i-I-c-hp-am-bn.

Xo{h Nn´m-K-Xn-¡m-cpsS {]Ya-{K-Ù-§-fnÂ Hfn-ªn-cn¶p, X-Iv^oÀ Nn´ (B-fp-Isf aX-\n-tj-[n-I-fm¡n¯oÀ¡Â) A§s\ hnhn[ hn`m-K-§fn-eqsS hopw kPo-h-am-bn. Ahbv¡p aäp Nn -Ifpw hàm-¡fpw {]tbm-àm-¡-fp-ap-m-bn. A§s\ C¶p A`n-\h Xo{h Nn´m-K-Xn-¡mÀ \S- n-em-¡p¶ KftO-Z-\- n\pw cà-s¨m-cn-¨n-en\pw kam-[m-\-[zw-k-\-¯n\pw IcmÀew-L-\- n\pw AÃm-lp-hnsâ Zo³ \nkm-c-hÂ¡-cn-¡-s -Sp-¶-Xn\pw ]ng¨ Nn´-IÄ AXn-t\mSv Iq«n-t¨À¡-s -Sp-¶-Xn\pw Bi-b-§Ä ZpÀhym-Jym-\n-¡-s -Sp-¶-Xn\pw \mw km£n-I-fm-bn.-H-cÀ°-¯nÂ Cu {]Xn- m-ks¯ hnip² JpÀ-B-\nsâ £p`nX hymJym\w F¶p \ap¡v hnfn-¡mw.

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Cu{]-Øm-\-§Ä X§Ä Ckvemansâ Bfp-I-sf¶v Ah-Im-i-s -Sp-¶p. F¶mÂ \S- q-co-Xn-IÄs¡Xnsc hn¹hw {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw Npäp-]m-Sp-IÄ Ahsc AXn-P-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.

Cu kml-N-cy- nÂ AÂ Akvl-dn\p \ne-]mSp hyà-am-t¡--Xp-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\mbn AÂ AkvlÀ AXnsâ hnP-Rm-\o-b-§sfbpw ZÀi-\-§-sfbpw Ncn-{X-s¯bpw kwhn-[m-\-§-sfbpw tIm¸p-Iq-«n. D²yX Nn´m-K-Xn-¡m-cpsS ]cn-WnX ^e-§Ä kq£a ]cn-tim-[-\¡p hnt[-b-am-¡n. XXvhnj-b-I-ambn Hcp XoÀ¸p-IÂ¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw aX-t¯m-Sp-]-än-t¨À¶ Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fpsS hf-s¨m-Sn-¡-ep-Ifpw BÄam-dm-«-§fpw ]¼-c-hn-Vn-I-fpsS ZpÀhym-Jym-\-§fpw XpS¨p \o¡p-hm-\pam-bn-cp¶p CXv.

aX Nn´-bpsS \ho-I-cWw F¶mÂ Zo\n-t\mSv ]än-t¨À¶ sXän-²m-c-W-Ifpw ZpÀhym-Jym-\-§fpw JpÀ-B³ hN-\-§-fnÂ \n¶pw sXämb D²-c-Wn-IÄ \o¡w sN¿epw, Zo\nsâ bYmÀ° \·bpw D¶-X-kz- mh KpW-§fpw, hnPm-Xo-b-X-bpsS Kcn-abpw ]c-am-h[n {]I-S-am-¡-epam-Wv. AXn\p bYmÀ° \nb-a-\nÀamW hni-I-e\ coXn-IÄ A\yq-\-ambn \S-¸n-em-¡-Ww. A§s\ Zo\nsâ A´Êv tim`n-Xhpw kwip-²-hp-ambn amd-Ww. k·mÀKhpw shfn- hpw Adnhpw t_m[hpw kwkvIm-chpw im´-Xbpw P\-X-Xn¡v A\p- -h-th-Zy-am-¡-Ww. {]nb Kpcp ssiJvap-l-½Zv A_q-klvd ]d-ªXp t]mse, \ho-I-cWw F¶mÂ aX- n\v AXnsâ \jvS kuµcyw Xncn- p sImp-h-c-em-Wv, aX-t¯mSp IeÀ¶ sXän-²m-c-W-IÄ D·q-e\w sN¿-emWv, bYmÀ° Zo\nsâ A´-k¯ sXfn-a-tbmsS kwip-²-ambn P\-§Ä¡v hni-Zo-I-cn¨v sImSp-¡-em-Wv.

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\½psS ap¶n-epÅ Cu {KÙw Gsd \o \nco-£W, kw{K-lW, hni-Zo-I-c-W-§Â¡p tijw bYmÀ° hnj-b-s¯bpw AXnsâ A\p-_Ô Imcy-§-sfbpw IrXyambn hI-Xn-cn¨v AÂ AkvlÀ ssIsIm \ne-]m-Sm-Wv. A`n-\h Ckveman-kväp-I-fpsS Nn´m-K-Xn-Ifpw {]_-Ô-§fpw ASn-Øm-\-ambn ssIsIm ASn- -d-Ifnepw Ah-ew-_-§-fnepw kXy-k-Ô-ambn kw{Klw \S--¯nbpw Ah-tem-I\w sNbvXp-amWv CXv ]pd¯p h¶n-cn¡p-¶-Xv. hn[n \nÀW-bm-[n-Imcw AÃm-lp-hn-¶pam{Xw (lm-In-an-¿) ]pXnb AÚm\ bpKw(-Pm-ln-en-¿) kwL-«-\- nsâ A\n-hm-cy-X, Pnlm-Znsâ ]cn-t{]-£yw, Jnem-

- nsâ AÀ°w, CkveanIv s{]mP-IvSv, CkvemanI Ckvemta-Xc cmPy-§Â¡n-S-bnse _Ô-§Ä, hnt[bs¸« A[nImcmhtcm[¯nsâ (Xw-Io³) AÀ°-X-e-§Ä CkveamanI ico-A¯pw \nb-a-§fpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw, cm{ã-¯nsâ hnh£ XpS§n Ignª \qäm-p-ap-XÂ Ct¶mfwGsd cà-s¨m-cn- p-IÄ¡pw aX-{`-jvSn\pw Imc-W-am-bn- oÀ¶ Ahy-àhpw hnkvt^m-S-\m-ß-I-hp-amb Bi-b-§Ä CXpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. AÂ AkvlÀ C¶v A_vZpÃm-ln_v\p Aºmkv (d) hns\ A\p-[m-h\w sN¿p-¶p. Jhm-cn-Pp-I-fp-ambn At\Iw NÀ -IÄ \S-¯m³ At±lw IS¶p sN¶ hgn-IÄ Akvldpw ]n´p-SÀ¶p. At±lw Ah-cpsS `u²nI D²-c-Wn-IÄ kw{K-ln-¨p, Ah-cpsS {]iv\-§Ä hni-I-e\w sNbvXp. ]n¶o-Sh sshÚm-\nI hni-I-e-\-¯n\pw hnt[-b-am-¡n. A§s\ Xsâ kzX-kn-²n-amb sshsÚm-\nI k¼-¯p-sImv At±lw Ah-cpsS Dg-dnb Nn´-Ifpw, A]-Y-hym-Jym-\-§fpw AXn-P-bn-¨p. Xocp-hlvbnÂ \n¶pw Xocp-am-\-§fpw \nK-a-\-§fpw Is-¯m³ bYmÀ° ]WvUn-XÀ ]n³Xp-Scp¶ \S- p-co-Xn-Ifpw, k¦Â]-\-§fpw At±lw AhÀ¡v hni-Zo-I-cn¨v sImSp- p.

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Ah-cp-ambn NÀ -¡m-h-iy-amb apJ-hp-cbpw kml-N-cyhpw X¿m-dm-¡p-hm\pw At±lw ad-¶n-Ã. A§s\ kpµ-chpw hyh-Øm-]n-X-hp-amb sshÚm-\nI hni-I-e\ coXn-bpsS {]Y-a-{]-tbm-àmhpw amXr-I-bp-ambn C_v\p Aºm-kv. Xsâ Ime-L-«-¯nse Nn´m-[-cm-I-fpsS ZÀi-\-§Ä At±lw kkq-£aw \nco-£n¨p, NÀ¨-IÄ¡v kml-N-cy-sam-cp-¡n, Zo\n-t\mSv Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸« sXän-²m-c-W-Ifpw, AXn-Xo-£-W-amb hyJym-\-§fpw \o¡w sN¿m³ At±lw ap¶n-«n-d-§n.

At±-l- nsâ Ime-L-«-¯nse Cu {]Øm\w Im^nÀ hÂ¡-c-Whpw kaq-l- n-s\-Xnsc kmbp-[-k-a-c-hpw Bcw- n-¨Xv AÃmlp Cd¡nbXv {]Imcw hn[n ]pds¸Sphn¡m¯hcmtcm AhcmWv \ntj[nIÄ F¶ F¶ JpÀB³ hN\¯n\v \ÂInb tcmKmXcpamb hymJym\s¯ ASnØm\s¸Sp¯n AÃm-lp-hnsâ hn[n-\nÀW-bm-[n-Im-cs¯tI{µo-I-cn- m-bn-cp-s¶-¦nÂ AtX lmIn-an¿ Xs¶-bmWv C¶p \ap-¡n-S-bnÂ DbnÀsIm Xo{h-Nn- m-K-Xn-¡m-cpsSbpw ASn-Øm\ hnjbsa¶Xv AÛpXw Xs¶. CJvhm\pÂ apkvenaq³ apXÂ sF. Fkv DÄs¸sS Ah-bnÂ \n¶v DÛ-hn¨ FÃm Nn´m-[m-c-Ifpw AXnÂs -«p. Bib k¦Â -¯nsâ ASn-Øm\ tI{µw D²rX JpÀ-B-\nI kqà- nsâ sXämb hni-I-e\w Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p.

AXn-\mÂ Ct¸mÄ \-ap¡v ap¶nÂ cv kc-Wn-IÄ Dv. H¶v AkvlÀ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ kÕ-c-Wn. asäm¶v tcmKm-Xp-c-Xbpw A\n-Ýn-X-Xz-§fpw IpSn-sIm-Åp¶ {]Xn-Im-c-Pzme \ndª tIm]m-Ip-ehpw A{I-a-hm-k-\bpw \ndª asämcp kc-Wn. Cu kcWn Ckveam\p thn Bth-i-s -Sp-¶p-sh-¦nepw hnh-ctam AI-¡m-gv¨tbm hni-I-e-t\m-]m-[n-

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Itfm AXn-\n-Ã. Imem- -c-§-fmbn hnhn[ \ma¯nepw `mh-¯nepw AXv {]Xy-£-s -Sp-¶p. GXm\pw Xe-ap-d-IÄ ]n¶n-«-t¸m-tg¡pw XoÀ¯pw hyXy-kvX-amb {]Øm\w ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-¡p-¶p. Fs´Ãmw hyXn-cn-à-am-bmepw Im^nÀ hÂ¡-cWw H¶p-am-{X-amWv Ah-bpsSsbÃmw \ne-]m-Sv.BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xm-Is« kam\amb Nn´m-K-Xn-Ifpw Imgv¨- m-Sp-Ifpw. JpÀ-B³ a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶n-S¯v A£- -hy-amb sXäp-IÄ AhÀ hcp- p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

XIv^oÀ, Pmln-en-¿-¯v, kwL-«-\-¯nsâ A\n-hm-cyX, hnt[-b-s -Sepw hnizm-kn-bpsS A[o-i-Xzhpw F¶p-Xp-S-§nb Bi-b-§sf ASn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp¯n cq]w sImSp¯n-«pÅ C¶s¯ Xo{h Nn´m-[m-c-Isf apgp-h³ \mw hi-I-e\w sN¿p-Ibpw XXz-imkv{X ]c-ambpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambpw Ah-bpsS ASn-Øm\ ine-I-s- m³ {ian-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXmÂ Ah IrXy-ambpw sNs¶- p-¶Xv A¶v C_v\p Aºmkv (d) hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zhpw Bib kwhm-Zhpw \S- nb B hn`m-K- n-te¡v Xs¶bmWv. B Ime-L-«-¯nÂ AXv Jhm-cn-Pv F¶pw C¶v CJvhm³ apXÂ sF.Fkv hsc ]c-kv]cw t]mc-Sn-¡p¶ ]e-t]-cp-I-fnepw C\§fnepw Bbn And-b-s -Sp-¶p. C¶v AÂ AkvlÀ {]-Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ sshÚm-\nI kcWn kaq-l- n\p kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ AXp-]-c-a-ambn sNs¶-¯p¶Xv, Xsâ Imes¯ Ahm- c hn`m-K-§Äs¡-Xnsc C_v\p Aºmkv (d) ssIsIm Ncn-{X-{]-kn-²-amb B kpµc kc-Wn-bnte¡mWv. And-hnsâ ASn- -d-Ifmbn At±lw sXän-²m-c-W-IÄ¡v hnt[-b-amb JpÀ-B³ kqà-§Ä Ahy-à-X-IÄ CÃmsX At±lw {]Xn-jvTn¨p. A§s\ JpÀ-B-\nsâ Kcn-abpw sshÚm-\nI \ndhpw Xpd¶p ImWn-¡m\pw Bhm- c hn`m-K-§-fpsS Bib sshÚm-\nI ]m¸-

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c¯w shfn- ¯p sImp-h-cm\pw At±-l- n-\m-bn. C_-\p Aºmkv X§-fnÂ XpS§n At±-ls¯ A\p-[m-h\w sNbvX hnhn[ bpK- nse AXn-\n-]p-W-cmb ]WvUnX t{ijvS-cp-tSbpw, Zo\o-th-k-I-cp-tSbpw aXhnÚm-\ob§fpsS kwcw-£-I-cp-tSbpw F¶p-th hnhn[ Ime- nÂ DbnÀsIm- Iep-jn-X- Nn´m-[m-c-Isf ]Tn-- pw -\n-co-£n¨pw bpà-amb \ne-]m-Sv ka-bm-k-a-b-§-fnÂ shfn-s¸-Sp- nbpw X§-fpsS Ncn-{X-]-c-amb D¯-c-hm-ZnXzw \nd-th-änb alm-{]-Xn`m imen-I-sf DÄsIm-Åp¶ tI{µ§sf amdn-bn-cn-¡p¶p C¶v AÂ AkvlÀ. sXämb hmZ-K-Xn-Ifpw, Zo\n-\p-t\-sc-bpÅ IS-¶p-I-b-ä-§fpw AXv BcnÂ \n¶m-bmepw AI-än-\nÀ¯m³ AÂ AkvlÀ {]Xn-Úm-_-²-am-Wv.

C_\p Aºmkv (d) hnÂ kam-cw`w Ipdn¨ Cu alm ]²Xn hnhn[ ]WvUn-X-cp-tSbpw X\-Xmb sshÚm-\nI kc-Wn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw XpSÀ¶p h¶v Adn-hnsâ]pXnb A£b J\n-bmb AÂ Akvl-dnÂ kwK-an-¡p-I-bm-Wv. CXv hnÚm-\-¯nsâ Imh-em-fmbn \ne-sIm-Åp¶ AkvlÀ A¶v C_v\p Aºmkv (d) sNbvXXp t]mse kpc-£m-h-ebw Hcp-¡p-Ibpw Adnhn\v ]qÀ® kwc-£Ww \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.C_v\p Aºmkv (d) hnsâ hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw hni-Z-am-bn- s¶ (AXpÄs¡m-Åp¶ ImgvN- m-Snse hyàX, And-hnsâ \nZm-\-§Ä, hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-§-fpsS acym-Z-IÄ, XpS-§n-b-h-tbmSp IqsS) GXm\pw Xmfp-IÄ¡p tijw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s -Sp-¶-Xm-Wv.

Cu \ne-]m-Sn\p XpSÀ¨-sb-t¶mWw Xo{h-\n-e-]m-Sp-ImÀ A]l-cn-s -Sp-¡p-Ibpw ZpÀhym-Jym\w \S-¯p-Ibpw Ah-X-cW ]mÝm-X-e-§-fnÂ \n¶-SÀ¯n-sb-Sp¯v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-Ibpw,

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A§s\ \nZm\ imkv{X-¯n-sâbpw `mjm-ku-µcy imkv{X-¯n-tâbpw `mj-bpsS Xs¶bpw \nb-a-§Ä and-I-S-¡p-Ibpw, \nb-am-hn-jv¡-cWw \S- p-Ibpw sNbvX JpÀ-B-\nI kqà-§-fp-tSbpw hN-\-§-fp-tSbpw Hcp kam-lmcw ]pd- n-d-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn AkvlÀ ]c-am-h[n {ian¨v sImn-cn-¡pIbmWn-t¸mÄ. tijw Ah-bpsS bYmÀ° Bi-b-§fpw kqN-\-Ifpw hni-Z-am-¡p-Ibpw A`n\h Nn´m-[m-c¡p ]nWª hkvXpXm]chpw hni-I-e-\-]-c-hp-amb A_-²-§Ä bYm-Ø-e¯v hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-IbmWv Dt±iyw.

]dªp h¶Xv, aX-Im-cy-§Ä hni-Zo-I-cn-¡m-\pÅ Ah-Imiw AÂ AkvlÀ Ip¯-I-bm¡n sh¡p¶p Ft¶m AsÃ-¦nÂ B Ah-Imiw Akvl-dnÂ am{X-ambn ]cn-an-X-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p Ft¶m AÃ. adn¨v AkvlÀ ]men- p-h¶ Dd¨ Hcp am\-Z-WvU-amWv AXnsâ ASn-Øm-\w. AÂ AkvlÀ BWv AXns\ hfÀ¯n-bXpw {]Ncn¸n¨Xpw s]mXp ka£w kaÀ¸n-

-Xpw. F¶p-am-{X-a-Ã, hnÚm\ tI{µ-§Ä AXns\ ASn-Øm-\-am¡n DÄsIm-p. XpWo-jy-bnse ssk¯q\, Ua-kv¡-knse Aahn bqWn-th-gvkn-än, CkvXmw_q-fnse AÂ ^m¯n-lv, i³Io- nse alm-fnÀ, kpUm-\nse akm-bn-Zv, Cdm-Jn-tebpw, C´y-bn-tebpw aem-bn-tebpw B{^n-¡³ cmPy-§-fn-tebpw sshÚm-\nI ]T-\- tI{µ§Ä, XpS-§nb hnhn[ apkvenw tZi-§-fnse sshÚm-\nI tI{µ-§Ä AXn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-§-fm-Wv.

Npcp-¡- nÂ Adnhnsâ Ip¯-I-hÂ¡-cWaÃhnjbw kpNn- n-X-ambn ]T-\-]-²Xn ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n-¡pI F¶-Xm-Wv. JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw hnj-b-§Ä Dcp¯ncn-s -Sp-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h³ Cu ]²Xn a\-Ên-em-¡ntb ]äq. Ah³ AXnÂ

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Ah-Km-lhpw ]WvUn-X-·m-cpsS CPm-k¯pw t\tS--Xp-v. AÃm¯ ]£w Ah³ And-hn-t\mSv A{I-a-amWv ImWv¡p-¶-Xv. hnÚm\mt\z-j-W- nepw IcKX-am-¡-enepw Kpcp-Xc hogvN-bmWv Ah\p kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv.

Ah-km-\-ambn, \ap-s¡Ãmw k¼qÀ®-ab ]n´p-Wbpw kml-N-cyhpw \mw AÃm-lp-hn-t\mSv tNmZn-¡p-¶p. \ap-s¡Ãmw Ah³ ]qÀ®-amb kÂhgnbpw \·bpw \ÂIs«, Ah-\mWv AXn\v AÀl-³.

AÃm-lp-hnsâ hn[n-\nÀW-bm-[n-Im-chpw

apkvenw P\-X-Xnsb Im^n-dm-¡epw

hn[n-\nÀW-bm-[n-Imcw

Xo{h CkvemanI Nn´m-[m-c-I-fpsS apgp-h³ ImgvN- m-Sp-Ifpw AÃm-lp-hnsâ hn[n \nÀW-bm-[n-Imcw F¶ hnj-bs¯ Bkv]-Zn- p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXmWv Ah-cpsS Nn´m aÞ-e-§-sfbpw Imgv -¸m-Sp-I-sfbpw cq]-s -Sp- n-b-Xpw imtJm-]-im-J-IÄ¡pw D]-hn- m-K-§Ä¡pw cq]w \ÂIn-b-Xpw.

CtX Bi-b-¯nÂ \n¶mWv k¿nZv JpXv_pw ktlm-Z-c³ apl-½Zv JpXv_pw lmIn-an-¿-bnse XuloZpw inÀ¡pw cq]-s¸-Sp- n-b-Xv. ]n¶oSv AXnÂ \n¶v hnizmkn hn`mKw, Bhn- m-K- n-\pÅ ssZhnI klmb hmKvZm-\w, AXp-I-gn¨p _m¡n hcp-¶-hn- mKw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ Pmln-en-¿¯v, Cucv hn`m-K-§Ä¡n-S-bn-ep-m-Ip¶ sshIm-cnI hyXn-cn-à-Xbpw, hnizmkn hn`m-K- nsâ hnP-bhpw, k¿nZv JpXv_v ]d-bp¶ Jnem-^¯v \S-¸n-em-¡m-\pÅ kwL-«-\-¯nsâ A\n-hm-

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cyX, A[nImcmhtcm[w, XpS§o aä-t\Iw kam\ coX-Xn-bn-epÅ Bi-b-K-Xn-Ifpw DbÀ¶p h¶Xv A§n-s\-bm-Wv. Ch-sbÃmw kt½-fn-¡p-hm³ ka-{K-amb D²yX Nn´ cq]-s¸«p hcp-¶p.

Cu Bi-b-§-fpsS apgp-h³ ASn-Øm\ inebpw aqe tcJbpw At\z-jn-¡p-t¼mÄ k¿nZv JpXv_v cNn¨ ^ofnem-enÂ JpÀ-B³ F¶ IrXnbpwAt±-l- nsâ aB-enap ^nXz-coJv t]mepÅ aäp-{K-\-Y-§fpw BsW¶p a\-Ên-em-hpw. bYmÀ°-¯nÂ k¿nZv JpXv_nsâ asäÃm ]pkvX-I-§fpw ^ofn-em-enÂ \n¶pÅ tIhe D²-c-Wn-IÄ am{X-am-Wv. JÀfmhn At±-l- nsâ apZ-¡n-dm- nÂ C{]-Imcw hsc ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. C¶s¯ apkveow§sf apgp-h³ Im^n-dm¡n \nÀ¯pI F¶ Cu Bibw (Jp-Xp-_n-sâ) aBenw F¶ IrXnbpsS am{Xw khn-ti-jX H¶p-a-Ã. adn¨v fnem-enepw AXn-t]m-se-bpÅ aäp In¯m-_pI-fnepw hninjym AÂ AZmem AÂ CPn-Xn-am-Cu-¿-bnepw FÃmw Cu Bibw ImWmw.

fnem-epÂ JpÀ-B³ BWv apgp-h³ Ahn-izmkn hÂ¡-cW Nn´m-[m-c-I-fp-tSbpw ASn-Øm\ {]am-Whpw Dd-hn-Shpw F¶-Xn-\mÂ Xs¶ {]kvXpX {KÙw kq£-a-hn-i-I-e\w sN¿m³ \mw \À_ÔnXamhp¶p. AXn-kq-£-ahpw \ncq-]-Wm-ß-I-hp-amb ]T\w XXvhnj-b-I-ambn \S-¡-Ww. AXnsâ Imgv -¸m-Sp-Ifpw ASn-Øm\ Bi-b-§fpw a\Ênem¡Ww. D²rX Bi-b-§Ä F§s\ IS-¶p-h-cp-s¶¶v Ah-bv¡n-S-bnÂ \n¶v hI-Xn-cn-s¨-Sp-¡-Ww.

kzmenlv skcn¨ F¶ BÄ cNn¨ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡v aX{`jvSv IÂ¸n-¡p-Ibpw, kaq-l- n\p Pmln-en-¿¯v hnti-

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jWw \ÂIp-Ibpw, AXns\ ZmdpÂ lÀ_v Bbn ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶, cnkm-e- nÂ Cuam³ F¶ {KÙ- n\p Bi-bhpw Bth-i-hp-am-bXv apl-½Zv JpXv_pw At±-l- nsâ fnemepw BWv F¶ hkvXp-Xbpw ipIvco apkvX- bpw At±-l- nsâ aX-{`jvSv {]Øm-\hpw DbnÀsIm-Xpw fnem-epÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶m-sW¶ bmYmÀ°yhpw apl-½Zv A_vZp-Êemw ^dPpw Abm-fpsS PnlmZo {]Øm-\hpw, AÂ -cof AÂ KmC_: F¶ {KÙw XpS§o C¶s¯ sF. Fkv hsc cq]w {]m]n- -Xv ô fnemenÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶m-sW¶ bmYmÀ°yhpw D²yX hnjb¯n\p {]_-e-X-tb-Ip-I-bWv.

H¶p-IqSn hni-Z-ambn ]d-ªmÂ C¶s¯ sF. Fknsâ kap-¶X t\Xm-¡-fnÂ cm-a-\mb A_q-ap-l-½Zv AÂ AZv\m\n F¶ Xzmlm kp_vln êm-lsb Ipdn¨v XpÀIn _n³ ap_m-dIv AÂ _³-Aen AÂe^vfpÂ enkm\o ô XÀPnaXnÂ AZv\m\o F¶ t]cnÂ Hcp {KÙw cNn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. AXnÂ At±lw C{]-Imcw hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. A_q-ap-l-½Zv AÂ AZv\m\n k¿nZv JpXv_nsâ ^n fne-enÂ Gsd BIr-jvS-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l- n\p Gähpw CjvS-s¸« {KÙ-§fnÂ H¶pw ôfnemÂ Bbn-cp-¶p. AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶ Ccp-]Xv hÀjw At±lw fneenÂ ]T-\-¯n-\mbn sNe-h-gn- p. kz´w ssI¸-S-bnÂ AXp-]-IÀ¯n Fgp-Xm³ At±lw Btem-Nn- p. JpÀ-B³ ]T-\-Im-e¯v At±lw AÃmlp Cd-¡n-b-Xp-sImv hn[n-IÂ¸n-¡m- -h-cmtcm Ah-cmWv \ntj-[n-IÄ F¶ (kq-d¯v AÂam-CZ 44) kqà- n-eqsS IS-¶p-t]m-b-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯n\v AKm-[-amb DÄhnfn A\p- -h-s -«p. kZ-Ênse Xsâ Hcp kl-]m-Tn-tbmSv At±lw tNmZn- p, kndn-b-bpsS `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS ASn- dsb´mWv? kplr¯v adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. At±lw hopw tNmZn¨p \nb-a-\nÀamW A[n-Imcw

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F¶mÂ F´m-Wv? \nb-a-]m-e\m[n-Imcw F´m-Wv. kplr¯v Xm³ kvIqfnÂ ]Tn- p-h¶ kzm`m-hn-I-amb D¯-c-§Ä \ÂIn-s¡m-n-cn-¶p. DSs\ AZv\m\n {]Xn-h-Nn- p. tl a\pjy \½psS apgp-h³ `cW kwhn-[m-\-§fpw ssZh \ntj-[- nÂ A[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv. CXp-tIÄt¡ Xmakw Iq«p-Im-c³ Xsâ D²yaw Ah-km-\n- n¨p ]n´ncn-ªp. Cu kw`hw AZv\m\n-bpsS Pohn-X- nse C¯cw hnj-b-§sf Ipdn- pÅ hymIp-e-X-bpsS XpS-¡m-am-bn-cp-¶p. cnkm-e-¯pÂ Cuam-\nÂ kzmenlv kcn¿ ]d-bp-¶p, CkvemanI cmPy-§-fnÂ C¶v \nen-hn-epÅ `cW hy-h-ØnXn kwi-b-te-iy-at\y ssZh-\n-tj[ ]c-am-Wv. Chn-S-§-fnse kaq-l-§-fm-Is« X\n Pmln-en-¿m kaq-l-hpw.

bYmÀ°-¯nÂ ZmCiv F¶mÂ fnem-epÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw DÛq-X-amb [mcmfw A]Y Nn´m-[m-c-I-fnÂ H¶m-sW¶pw fnemÂ JpÀ-B³ BWv Cu Nn´m-[m-c-I-fpsS FÃm ASn-Øm\ {]am-Whpw, Poh-tc-J-bpw, Bßm-hp-sa¶pw CXnÂ \n¶v hyà-am-Ip-¶p.

Ch-sbÃmw fnem-epÂ JpÀ-B-\ns\ AXn-kq-£-a-ambpw \ncq-]-Wm-ß-I-ambpw kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw AXp-ap-t¶m-«p-sh¨ kn²m- -§-sfbpw AXp-P·w \ÂInb {]Øm-\-§-sf-bpw XIÀs¯-dn-bp-Ibpw sN¿p¶ {KÙw ]pd- n-d-¡m³ \t½-\nÀ_-Ôn-X-cm-¡p-¶p.

k¿nZv JpXv_v Ct¸mÄ \oXn-am-\mb `c-Wm-[n-]-\p-ap-¶n-em-Wv. bmYmÀ°y-§-fpsS temI-t¯¡v At±lw \S¶p t]mbn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶ At±-l-sa¶ hyànsb Cu {KÙw e£yw sh¡¶nÃ F¶ Imcyw DWÀt¯--Xn-Ã. \mw e£oIcn-¡p-¶Xv At±-l- nsâ hnip² JpÀ-B³ ]T\

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kn²m- hpw AXv Zo\nsâ ASn-Øm\ Bi-b-§-tfmSv ImWn-¡p¶ AXn-{I-ahpw, AXn-t\mSv Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸« sXän-²m-c-W-I-fpw, A§s\ Zo\nsâ ASn-Øm\ Bi-b-§Ä tNmÀ¶v t]mhp-Ibpw Cu sXämb hymJym-\-§-fn-eqsS ChÀ apkvenw P\-X-Xn¡v aX-{`jvSv \ÂIp-I-Ibpw XpSÀ¶p Ahsc Imbn-I-ambn t\cn-Sp-¶-Xn\pw \nkm-c-hÂ¡-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xn-s\bpamWv.

\½psS Dt±iyw At±-l- nsâ kc-Wnsb kq£a sshÚm-\nI hni-I-e-\- n\p hnt[-b-am-¡epw AXp hgn- Zo\n\p h¶p-tNÀ¶n-«pÅ Zpjvt¸cv XpS¨p \o¡-ep-am-Wv. kzm`m-hn-I-am-bpw AXnÂ IS-¶p-h-cp¶ hyàn-Ifpw \ma-§fpw B hni-I-\- nsâ `mK-am-tb-¡mw. ImcWw Bib§fpsS hni-I-e-\hpw A]-Iz-amb Imgv -¸m-Sp-I-fnÂ \n¶v JpÀ-B-\ns\ kwc-£n-¡-ep-amWv \½psS e£yw. Hcp D²-c-Wn-bnÂ \n¶v JpÀ-Bt\m lZotkm Bhn-j-bs¯ kmam\y hÂ¡-cn-¡p-Itbm Nne-km-l-N-cy-§-fnÂ ]cn-an-X-s -Sp-¯p-Itbm hyh-Øm-_ÔnXam-¡p-Itbm sN¿p¶ Bib Xe-§Ä \ap¡v Is-¯m-am-bn-cn-¡mw. F¶mÂ B D²-c-Wn¡v IS-I-hn-cp-²tam AXn-s\ AÀ° iq\y-am-¡p-¶tXm AXp-]-d-bp-¶-hsc Ahn-izm-kn-Ifm¡p-¶tXm Xncp-JpÀ-B-\n-s\bpw kp¶- n-s\bpw H¶-S¦w ^e-iq-\y-am-¡p-¶tXm Bb Bi-b-§Ä HcmÄ¡pw Hcp-²-c-WnbnÂ \n¶pw Dcp- n-cns¨Sp-¡m-h-X-Ã.

k¿nZv JpXv_nsâ apJy-kn-²m-´-§-fnÂ H¶v lm¡n-an-¿-bp-a-ambn _Ô-s -«m-XmWv. AXm-hs« At±lw ssIsIm-Xv A_pÂ-A-Avem auZq-Zn-bnÂ \n¶p-am-Wv. ]s£ ]n¶o-S-t±-lw-A-Xns\ hnI-kn- n-¡p-Ibpw Xsâ t]Ppw tijnbpw AXn-

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\mbn hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-Ibpw aX-{`-jvSns\ t{]mÕm-ln- n-¡p¶ Hcp k¼qÀ® kn²m´w \nÀan-s -Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

JÀfmhn Xsâ Ub-dn-¡p-dn- p-I-fnÂ C§s\ ]d-ªp. CkvemanI hn¹-h- nsâ L«w F¶p\mw hnfn-¡p¶ Cu ]pXnb L«w k¿nZv JpXv_nsâ Nn´m-a-WvU-e- nÂ ]cn-hÀ¯-\-s¸« Hcp Bi-b-am-Wv. CkvemanIamb AYhm CkvemanIsa¶hIm-i-s -Sp¶ `c-W-Iq-S-§Äs¡-Xnsc ]pd-¸mSv \S-¯p-I, apgp-h³ CkvemanI kaq-l-§Äs¡-Xn-scbpw hn¹-h- n\p tIm¸p-Iq-«p-I, F¶Xm-W-Xnsâ Npcp-¡w. At±-l-¯nsâ ho£-W- nÂ temI¯v \en-hn-epÅ apgp-h³ kap-Zm-b-§fpw ]qÀ®-ambpw Pmln-en¿m kaq-l-§-fm-Wv. AXn-\p-tijw JÀfmhn XpSÀ¶p ]d-bp-¶p. ]pXnb Znim-am-ä-§-fnÂ Gsd A]-I-S-am-bXv k¿nZv JpXp_v hym]-I-ambn aX-{`jvSv kn²m´v D]-tbm-Kn¨p XpS-§n-bXpw B hnj-bs¯ AXn-em-L-h-t¯msS kao-]n¨p F¶-Xp-am-Wv. lmIn-an-¿- nsâ hnj-b-¯nÂ k¿nZv JpXp_v Xsâ \ne-]mSv cq]-s -Sp- n-bXv AÃmlp Cd-¡n-bXv A\p-k-cn¨v hn[n-]-d-bm- -h-cmtcm Ah-cm-Ip¶p \ntj-[n-IÄ F¶ JpÀ-B-\nI kqà- n\p \ÂInb sXämb hyJym\- neqsS bmbn-cp-¶p. ap³]p auZqZn sNbvXXp t]mse k¿nZv JpXp_pw AÃm-ln-hnsâ hn[n-IÄ \S- n-em-¡m- -hsc kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡n-Xp-S-§n. AÃm-lp-hnsâ hn[n kXy-am-sW¶pw AXv AÃmlp Znhy-t_m-[\w hgn \ÂIn-b-Xm-sW¶pw Nne-{]-XyI kml-N-cy-§-fmÂ BWv AXv \S- n-em-¡m³ Ign-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶sX¶ hnj-b- nÂ t]mepw hn«p-hogv¨ sN¿m³ AhÀ X¿m-dm-bn-Ã.

Cu \ne-]mSv AXn hnNn-{X-am-Wv. At§-bäw IpSn-ehpw ]ncn-ap-dp¡w DÅ-Xp-am-Wv. Bfp-Isf \ntj-[n-I-fm-¡m³ AXv

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DÕm-ln-¡p-Ibpw AXv \nkm-c-ambn ImWp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bYmÀ°-¯nÂ CXv At±-l- nsâ asäm-cm-i-b- nsâ Dt]mÂ -¶-am-Wv. Cuam-\nsâ ASn-Øm\ Imcy-§-fnÂ At±lw kz´-ambn lmIn-an¿m F¶ ]pXnb Bibw Fgp-Xn-t¨À¡p-Ibpw AXv AwKo-I-cn-¡m- -h-tcbpw A\p-k-cn-¡m-¯-h-tcbpw apgp-h³ Im^n-dm-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp F¶-Xm-Wv. CXm-bn-cp¶p ap¼v Jhm-cn-Pp-IÄ ssIsIm \ne-]m-Spw.

F¶mÂ Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn kzlm-_n-IÄ apXepÅ apkvenw ]W-UnX aXw CXn\p hn]-co-X-am-Wv. Cu Bb- nsâ hni-Zo-I-cWw ]WvUn-X-·mÀ ]e Zni-I-fnÂ \ÂIn-bn-«p-v. Bb-¯nsâ Dt±iyw, AÃmlp Ah-X-cn- n¨ \nb-a-§sf Ah AÃmlphnÂ \n¶p-Å-Xm-sW¶pw Ah kXy-am-sW¶pw \ntj-[n¨p sImv Ah {]mhÀ¯n-I-am-¡m-Xn-cn-¡pI F¶ A`n-{]m-b-amWv Ah-bnÂ {]_-ew. CXm-hs« kwib teiy-at\y ssZh-\n-tj-[-am-WpXm\pw. F¶mÂ HcmÄ AÃmlp Cd-¡nb \nba§sf Ah kXysa¶pw, bYmÀ° shfn-]m-sS¶pw hniz-kn-¡-temsS HcmÄ¡v \S-¸nÂ hcp-¯m³ km[n-¡msX h¶mÂ Ah³ Ahn-izmkn BIp-¶-Xp-a-Ã.

X vkoÀ AÂI-_o-dnÂ Camw ^Jvdp±o³ AÂ dmkn ]d-bp-¶p. CJvcna ]d-ªp, {]kvXpX Bb¯v Bhnj-bs¯ lrZbw sImv \ntj-[n-¡p-Ibpw \mhp-sImv FXnÀ¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-hÀ¡v am{Xw _m[-I-am-Wv. F¶mÂ Ah AÃmlp Cd-¡n-b-Xm-sW¶pw kXy-am-sW¶pw HcmÄ lrZbw sImp-d-¸n-¡p-Ibpw \mhp-sImv AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw F¶mÂ {]hÀ¯\w sImv AXn\n hn]-co-X-am-bXv sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXmÂ Ah³ AÃmlp Cd-¡n-b-Xp-sImv hn[n-¡p-¶-h³ F¶ ]cn-[n-bnÂ hcp-¶p. ]t£ Ah³ AXn\p

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Dt]£ hcp- p-¶p.Cu Bb- nsâ Bt£-]- nsâ ]cn-[n-bnÂ Ah-³ IS-¶p-h-cp-¶-X-Ã. CXmWv icn-bmb adp-]-Sn.

lpÖ- pÂ Ckvemw KÊm-en(-d) At±-l-¯nsâ AÂ apkvXjv^m F¶ {KÙ- nÂ ]d-ªp, Xudm- n-t\bpw AXnsâ \nb-a-§-sfbpw Ipdn¨v ]dª tijw AÃmlp Cd-¡n-b-Xp-sImv hn[n-¡m- -h-cmtcm Ah-cm-Ip¶p \ntj-[n-IÄ, F¶ AÃm-lp-hnsâ hmIyw sImv Dt±-in-¡p-¶Xv AÃmlp Cd-¡nb \nb-a-§sf \ntj-[n¨pw Ahn-iz-kn¨pw AXp-sImv hn[n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-h-sc-bm-Ip¶p F¶mWv \mw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. Camw apl-½Zv C_v\p AXzn-¿ AÂ A³Zp-epkn At±-l-¯nsâ AÂ aplÀdÀ AÂ hPokv F¶ {KÙ- nÂ ]d-bp¶p D²yX Bb-¯nsâ ]cm-amÀiw Hcp s]mXp {]Øm-h-\-b-Ã and¨v AXv hyhØm _Ôn-X-am-Wv. Nne {]tXyI kml-N-cy-§-sf-bmWv ]e-t¸m-gpw CXv tZymXn- n-¡p-I. AYhm Cu kqàw sImv GsX-¦nepw Imcy-§-fnÂ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS `cm-Wm-[n-Im-cn-IÄ AÃmlp Cd-¡n-b-Xp-sIm--ÃmsX hn[n-]-d-bp¶ Imc-W- mÂ HcÀ°- nepw AhÀ Ahn-izm-kn-I-fm-hp-¶-X-Ã Xs¶.

Cam-ap-am-cpsS A`n-{]mb KXn-IÄ ]cn-tim-[n-¡p¶ GsXm-cmÄ¡pw, C_v\v akv-DuZv, C_v\v Aºmkv, _Àdm-Av _v\pB-kzn_v, lpssZ- -¯p-_v\pÂ bam³, C{_mlow AÂ \J-Cu, AÊp-±o, AÂ flm-Iv, A_qkzm-en-lv, A_q-a-Pven-kv, CJvcna JXmZ-Xv, BanÀ, iA-_o, AXzXzmhq-kv, XpS§n Camw Xz_vcn, At±-l- nsâ Pman-DÂ _bm-\nepw AÂK-Êmen Xsâ AÂ apkvX- -bnepw C_v\p AXn¿ AÂ aplÀdÀ AÂ hPo-knepw, ^Jvdp dmkn a^m-Xo-lpÂ ssK_nepw Camw JpÀXp-_nbpw C_v\p Pukn Xsâ AÂ Xkvlo-lnepw A_q-

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l-¿m³ AÂ _lÀ aplzo-Xz- nepw C_v\p IkoÀ Xsâ X^vko-dnepw Beqkn dqlpÂ aB-\n-bnepw XzlnÀ _n³ BiqÀ AÂXlvcoÀ hÂ X³hodnepw ssiJv iAvdmhn Xsâ X^vko-dn-ep-saÃmw Cu Bb- nsâ taep-²-cn¨v Bi-b- nÂ GtIm-]nX A`n-{]m-b-¡m-cm-sW¶v Is-¯m-\mhpw.

CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn Ch-scÃmw {]Xn-¡q-«nÂ \nÀ¯n DkvXmZv k¿nZv JpXp_v ]d-bp¶p AÃm-lp-hnsâ Indp-Ir-Xyhpw IWn-ihpw, kpZr-V-hpw, ka-{K-hpw, kÀÆ hym]n-bp-amb Cu {]kvXm-hs¯ hrYm hmKzm-Z-§Ä¡p hnt[-b-am-¡p-¶Xv bmYmÀ°yw t\cn-Sp-¶-XnÂ \n¶v Hfn-t¨m-Sm-\pÅ IpÕnX {ia-a-ÃmsX asäm-¶p-a-Ã. CXp t]mepÅ \nb-a-§-fnse hymJym\ {]Xn-hym-Jym-\-§Ä AÃm-lp-hnsâ In¯m-_ns\ D±njvS Bi-b-§-fnÂ \n¶v h{Io-I-cn-¡-em-WvXv.

AYhm apt¼-]-dª Cam-ap-amsc apgp-h³ hnip² JpÀ-B-\ns\ h{Io-I-cn-¡p-¶-h-cm¡n amän k¿nZv JpXp-_v. H¶p-IqSn ]T\w kq£-a-am-¡n-b-t¸mÄ Cu Bi-b-K-Xn¡v k¿nZv JpXp-_n\v Jhm-cn-Pp-I-f-Ãm-sX asämcp ap\vKm-an-I-sfbpw \ap¡v Is- m³ Ign-ªn-Ã. AÂ ico-Av F¶-{K-Ù- nÂ Camw APqcn (d) ]d-bp¶p aäp-Nne Bb- p-IÄ ap¯-im-_n-lp-I-fm-Wv F¶ JpÀ-B-\nI hN-\s¯ kw_-Ôn¨v kzlm_o hcy-\mb kCuZv _\p Ppss_À (d) ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. ap¯-im-_n-lm-¯v, Bib-Ip-g¸w krjvSn-¡p¶ Bb- p-IÄ F¶mÂ Ah ]mcm-bWw sN¿p-t¼mÄ P\-§Ä¡v Bi-b-]-c-amb Ahy-àX A\p- -h-s -Sp-¶-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶, ]e-hn- m-K-§fpw C¯cw hmN-§Ä ]mcm-bWw sN¿p-Ibpw AX-hÀ¡v A\p-Iq-e-am-sW¶v hmZn-¡p-Ibpw AXp-hgn AhÀ k·mÀKn-I-fm-sb¶v Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. F¶mÂ

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bYmÀ°¯nÂ AhÀ hgn-]n-g-¡p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ldq-dn-IÄ (J-hm-cn-Pp-I-fpsS asämcp t]cv) ]n´p-S-cp¶ C¯cw ap¯-im-_n-lp-I-fnÂ s]« H¶mWv ap¼v NÀ¨ sNbvX JpÀ-B-\nI kqàw. \ntj-[n-I-fm-bn- oÀ¶-hÀ AÃm-lp-hnÂ \n¶v hgn-am-dn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p F¶ kqàhpw AhÀ taep-²yX kqà-t¯mSv tNÀ¯p-hm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Imcn AÃmlp Cd-¡n-bXv sIm-ÃmsX hn[n-]-d-bp-t¼mÄ C¡q-«À hnfn¨p ]dbpw AbmÄ \ntj[nbmbn-cn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶-bmÄ AÃm-lp-hnÂ \n¶v hgn-am-dn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AYhm AbmÄ inÀ¡v sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. Npcp-¡- nÂ Bk-aqlw Xs¶ apivcn¡m-bn- oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. A§s\ AhÀ kaq-l-t¯mSv kacw {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw \n§Ä Ip-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-sXÃmw AhÀ \S- n-em-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ImcWw AhÀ Cu ap¯-im-_nlv Bb kqà- n\v AXncp IS¶ hyJym\w \ÂInbXmWv. ImcWw apkvenw Ncn-{X- n-ep-S-\ofw CkvemanI ]WvUn-XÀ ssIsIm JpÀ-B³ hyJym\-co-Xn-Isf Ah-K-Wn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS hni-I-e\ kn²m- -§sf A{]-k-à-am-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp F¶p am{X-a-Ã, CkvemanI kaq-l- nsâ Xe-ap-d-I-fm-bpÅ _u²nI k¼mZyw Hcp AÚmX kwkvImcw am{X-am-sW¶pw At±lw PÂ]\w \S-¯n. k¿nZv JpXp_v ]d-bp-¶p, CkvemanI kwkvIm-c-sa¶pw CkvemanI Ah-ew-_§-sf¶pw CkvemanI ^ntem-k- n-sb¶pw CkvemanI Nn´m-[m-c-sb-¶p-saÃmw \mw hnNm-cn- n-cp-¶-h-bnÂ t]mepw `qcn- m-Khpw Cu AÚmX L«- nsâ krjvSn-I-fm-Wv.

At±lw ]WvUn-X-cpsS JpÀ-B³ ]T\ hni-I-e\ coXn-I-fnÂ \n¶pw AI¶p \n¶p. kz´w A´ÀÚm-\hpw tXm¶-ep-Ifpw kzIm-cy-k-¦Â -§fpw ASn-Øm-\-s -Sp¯n JpÀ-B³

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]T-\-¯n-\mbn At±lw kzbw ]oV \S-¯n. AÂ XkvhoÀ AÂ ^¶n ^nÂ JpÀ-B³ , JpÀ-B-\nse Iem-k-¦Â]-§Ä F¶ Xsâ {KÙ-¯nsâ {]mcw- - nÂ At±lw C§s\ ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. Rm³ ]e-hnZym tI{µ-§-fnepw IS¶p sN¶p. JpÀ-B³ hymJym\ {KÙ-§-fnÂ \n¶v ]eXpw ]Tn- p. ]e-]-WvUn-X-cnÂ \n¶pw Rm\Xp {ihn- p. ]s£ Rm³ hmbn-¡p-¶-Xntem tIÄ¡p-¶-Xntem Fsâ Ipªp-\m-fnÂ Rm³ Is- nb B JpÀ-B-\ns\ ZpJ-I-c-sa¶p ]d-bs« F\n¡p Is- m-\m-bn-Ã. AXnsâ kuµ-cym-S-bm-f-§Ä D·q-e\w sN¿-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶p. kuµ-cyhpw kt´m-j-Zm-b-I-Xzhpw AXnÂ \n¶v A\yw \n¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. C\n Ah cp JpÀ-B-\m-bn-cn-¡ptam? ssii-h- nsâ sXfn-a-bmÀ¶ kp{Km-lyhpw kt´m-j-Zm-b-I-hp-amb Hcp JpÀ-B\pw bph-Xz- nsâ Zpcn-Xhpw ZpÀ{Km-lyXbpw \ndª Nn¶-`n-¶-amb asämcp JpÀ-B-\pw. AtXm Cu AhØ hymJym\ cwK¯p XpSÀ¶p hcp¶ ssien-I-fpsS {]Xn- -e\amtWm? A§s\ Rm³ apkvl-^nse JpÀ-B³ ]mcm-bWw Bcw- n- p. hymJym\ {KÙ-§-fnse JpÀ-B-\n-t\mSv hnS-]-d-ªp. A§s\ Fsâ kpµ-chpw lrZblmcn-bp-amb JpÀ-B³ F\n¡p Xncn- p-In-«n. Fsâ kt´m-j-I-chpw kzmZn-jvS-hp-amb JpÀ-B-\nI `mh-\-IÄ Rm³ Is- n. Cu {]kvXmhw A]-I-S-I-c-am-Wv. JpÀ-B³ ]T-\-hn-i-I-e\ k¼-Ô-ambpw kqà-§Ä ssIImcyw sNt¿ coXn imkv{X-s¯-Ip-dn¨pw At±-l- nsâ \ne-]mSv CXv hyà-am-¡p-¶p. JpÀ-B³ kqà-§Ä¡pw Ah-bpsS ]T-\- n\pambn Ncn-{X-¯n-ep-S-\ofw apkvenw ]WvUn-XÀ hcn¨ XymK-§sf At±lw ]qÀ®-ambpw Ah-K-Wn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS _u²nI kw`m-h-\sb At±lw AÚm\ ]c-sa¶v hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ahy-àhpw A]-Iz-hp-amb Xsâ Ip«n-¡m-e¯v

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A\p- -hn- n-cp¶ kuµ-cy-t_m-[s¯ JpÀ-B³ ]T-\- n\v A{i-bn-¡p¶p At±-lw. JpÀ-B-\nsâ AXn-kq£va AÀ°-X-e-§Ä Is- m\pw kqà-§-fnÂ \n¶v Bi-b-§Ä Dcp- n-cn-s -Sp-¡m\pw Ncn-{X- n-ep-S-\ofw apkvenw ]WvUn-XÀ D]-tbm-Kn¨p h¶ kv^SnI kam-\-amb kq£vahpw kwip-²hpw kar-²-hp-amb am\-Z-WvU-§-sf Ah-K-Wn- m-Wn-Xv.

AÃmlp ]d-bp¶p: ""AÃm-lp-hn-te¡pw AhÀ¡n-S-bnse ssIImcy IÀ¯m-¡-fn-te¡pw AhÀ B Imcyw aS-¡n-bn-cps¶¦nÂ, AhÀ¡n-S-bnse Imcy-§Ä hni-I-e\w sNbvXp Xocp-am-en-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v AXv a\-Ên-em-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p.'' (\n-km-Av : 83) ImemIme-§-fnÂ, DbnÀ-sIm apgp-h³ aX-{`jvSv {]Øm-\-§fpw taep²rX JpÀ-B-\nI kqà- n\p ZpÀ hymJym\w \ÂIm³ InWªp {ian- n-cn-¡p¶p F¶-XmWv ChnsS ASn-Øm\ hnj-bw. kap-Zm-b- nsâ Ncn-{X- n-ep-S-\ofw CS-X-S-hn-Ãm¯ aX-{`jvSv {]Øm-\-§-fmbn AhÀ kaq-l-¯n\p hn]¯p krjvSn¨p. taep²rX Bb- n\p bpKm- -c-§-fmbn ]WvUn-X³amÀ \ÂIn h¶ kpkvYn-chpw kzoIm-cy-hp-amb hni-Zo-I-c-W- n\p hn]-co-X-ambn AhÀ \ÂInb sXämb hymJym-\-am-bn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS ASn-Øm\ {]am-Ww. AÂ JXzo_v AÂ _mKvZmZn Xsâ ""XmcoJv _mKvZmZv'' F¶ {KÙ- nÂ C§s\ D²-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. C_v\p A_o ZmhqZv C§s\ ]dbp-am-bn-cp¶p: ""Aºmkn `c-Wm-[n-Imcn aAvaqsâ khn-[- nÂ Hcp Jhm-cnPv A\p- m-hnsb lmP-cm-¡-s -«p. aAvaq³ Abm-tfmSp tNmZn¨p. F´mWp R§sf FXnÀ¡m³ Xm¦sf t{]cn¸n¨Xv? JpÀ-B-\nse Hcp kqà-sa¶v AbmÄ {]Xn-h-Nn- p. GXmWm kqà-sa¶ Jeo- -bpsS adp-tNm-Zy-¯n\p ""AÃmlp Cd¡nbXv {]Imcw

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hn[n¡m¯hcmtcm AhcmWv \ntj[nIÄ'' F¶ kqàw AbmÄ adp-]Sn \ÂIn. DS³ Jeo^ Xncn¨p tNmXn- p. AXv JpÀ-B³ Xs¶-sb¶v Xm¦Ä¡-dn-bptam? AbmÄ ]dªp: AsX. F´mWv sXfn-sh-¶mbn Jeo- . kaq-l- nsâ GtIm-]n-Xm- n-{]m-b-sa-¶-bm-fpsS adp-]-Sn. Jeo^ C{]-Imcw DS-\Sn {]Xn-I-cn- p. ""JpÀ-B-\nsâ Imcy- nÂ kaq-l- nsâ GtIm-]n-Xm- n-{]mbw Xm¦Ä¡v kzoIm-cy-sa-¦nÂ, B JpÀ-Bsâ hymJym\ Imcy- nepw Xm¦Ä AXp-sImv Xr]vXns -tS--Xm-Wv.'' DS³ AbmÄ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. Xm¦Ä ]d-ªXv kXy-am-Wv. AÊ-emap Asse¡pw bm Aao-dÂ apAvan\o³. {]hm-N-I³ Cu aX-\n-tj-[m-tcm-]W Nn´-Isf Ipdn¨v AXn-I-Wn-i-amb ap¶-dn-bn v apt¼ \ÂIn-bn«pv. lpssZ^ (d) ]d-bp¶p: \_n (k) ]dªp: ""JpÀ-B³ ]mcm-bWw sNbvXv AXnsâ Kcna Abm-fpsS apJ¯v {]I-S-am-¡p¶hs\ \n§Ä¡p taÂ Rm³ `b-¡p-¶p. AbmÄ aX¯n\v henb ]n´pW Bbncp¶p.'' ]n¶oSv Abmsf AÃmlp amän- a-dn¨p. AbmÄ Zo\nÂ \n¶pw DXnÀ¶p-t]m-bn. aXs¯ AbmÄ XrWh-XvK-Wn- p. kz´w AbÂhm-kn-s¡-Xnsc AbmÄ hmsf-Sp¯p. Ahs\ AbmÄ _lpssZ-hm-cm-[-I-s\¶v Btcm-]n- p. lpssZ^ (d) ]d-ªp. Rm³ \_n-tbmSp tNmZn-¨p. {]hm-N-Isc AXnÂ BcmWp aX-\n-tj-[-hp-ambn Gähpw ASp¯p \nÂ¡p-¶-h³?. Btcm-]n-¡p-¶-ht\m AtXm Btcm-]n-Xt\m?. \_n X§Ä {]Xn-h-Nn¨p: ""XoÀ -bmbpw B Btcm-]n¡p¶bm-fmWv''. lZokv ]ÞnX³ _ÊmÀ Cu lZokv At±-l- nsâ apkv\-ZnÂ dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿p-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ \nth]-Z\ ]c¼csb sslXan AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. C_v\p lnºm³ Xsâ kzlo-lnepw A_q bAvem At±-l-¯nsâ apkv\-Znepw Cu lZokv D²-cn- n-«p-v.

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\nth-Z\ ]c¼csb Ipdn¨v C_v\p IkoÀ C{]-Imcw ]d-ªn-«p-v. ""CXv \Ã \nth-Z\ ]c-¼-c-bmWv''. Xzlmho Xsâ iÀlp apivI-enÂ Bkm-dnepw, lÀhn Xsâ Z½pÂI-eman h Alvenbnepw, C_v\p Akm-¡nÀ Xsâ X_vbo\p IZn-_nÂ ap -vX-cn-bnepw CtX lZokv D²cn- n-cn-¡p¶p. -k-am-\-amb hm¡p-IÄ kzlm_o hcy³ apB-Zv _v\p P_Â (d) hnsâ \nth-Z\ ]c-¼-c-bn-eq-sSbpw h¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Xz{_m\n ""apkv\-Zp-Èm-an-¿o-\nepw'', bAvJq_v _v\p kp vbm³ ""AÂ aAvcn^ h¯m-coJn''epw, C_v\p A_o Bkznw ""InXm-_p-Êp-¶''bnepw, lÀhn ""Z½pÂI-eman h Alven''bnepw, A_pÂ Jmknw AÂ Ckv_-lm\n ""AÂ lpÖ''-bnepw CXp dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXn-«pv. GXm\pw t]Pp-IÄ¡p tijw Cu lZo-knsâ hni-Zo-I-cWw hcp-¶Xmbn-cn¡pw. k¿nZv JpXzp_pw At±-ls¯ A\p-[m-h\w sN¿p¶ A`n-\h Nn´m [mc-Ifpw Duln-¡p-¶Xp t]mse {]hm-N-I³ (k) bpsS kaqlw H¶-S¦w hgn sXäp-Itbm, H¶msI \ntj-[n-I-fm-bn- o-cp-Itbm sN¿p¶Xv £n{] km[y-a-Ã. kaqlw \ntj-[- ntet¡m _lp ssZhm-cm-[-e\bn-tet¡m k©-cn-¡p-¶-XnÂ\n¶v kwc-£n-¡-s -«n-cn¡p¶p F¶v \_n (k) ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Camw _pJmcn Xsâ kzlo-lnÂ DJv_Xv _\p Bandnsâ ]c-¼-c-bn-eqsS C{]-Imcw dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. {]hm-N-IÀ Acpfn: ""\n§Ä AÃm-lp-hn-t\mSv ]¦p tNÀ¡-ens\ Rm³ `b-s -Sp¶nÃ, ]t£ `uXnI temIs¯ \n§Ä¡v Rm³ `b-s -Sp-¶p. AXnÂ \n§Ä aÕ-cn-t¨¡mw.'' Camw AÂ lm^nfv A_q DaÀ C_v\p A_vZnÂ _Àdv C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. ""{]hm-N-Isâ D½Xn\v {]hm-N-I³ `b-s¸-Sm¯ Imcyw

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Bsc-¦nepw `b-s -Sp¶ ]£w AbmÄ hyà-amb Zpcp-]-tbmKw \S- n-bncn¡p¶p. NneÀ¡v JpÀ-B³ hymJym-\- nÂ hyà-amb ]nghp kw`-hn- n-cn-¡p¶p F¶-Xnsâ IrXyamb sXfn-hm-Wn-Xv. AXp t]mse hnip² JpÀ-B-\nsâ bYmÀ° ]T\ kma-{Kn-IÄ ssIh-i-an-Ãm-¯-hÀ A]Y Nn´-Ifpw hyàn hnNm-c-§fpw AÃm-lp-hnsâ hN-\-§-tfmSv Iq«n-t¨À¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. A§s\ AhÀ Icp-W-bp-sS-bpw kam-[m-\-¯n-sâbpw aXs¯ cà-s¨m-cn- n-en-te¡v hgn-Xn-cn-¡pw. bYmÀ° ]ÞnX³am-cpsS D¯-c-hm-Zn¯w Ft¸mgpw \ne-\nÂ¡pw, Ime-L-¯nsâ XmÂ]-cy-a-\p-k-cn¨v AhÀ DWÀs¶-gpt¶Â¡pw. Zo\n-t\mSv tNÀ¡-s¸« A]-hm-Z-§Ä- A-hÀ XpS¨p \o¡pw. AÃm-lp-hn-s\bpw Zo\n-s\bpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v EPphmb amÀK tcJ AhÀ kaÀ¸n-¡pI Xs¶ sN¿pw. kzlm-_n-I-fpsS Imew sXm«v ssiJv apX-hÃn AÈ-Avdmhn hsc-bpÅ alm `qcn-]£ ]ÞnX al- p-¡-fpsS ImgvN-¸mSpw k¿nZv JpXzp-_nsâ ho£Whpw X½n-epÅ Xmc-Xayw: apkvenw]ÞnX ]£w aX-{`jvS Nn´m-[mc C_v\p akv-DuZv, C_v\p Aºmkv, _dm-Av _v\p Bkn_v, lp-ssZ^Xp _v\pÂ bam³, C{_mlow AÂ \JCu, kp±o, Af-f-lmIv, A_q kzmenlv, A_q apPvenkv, CIvcna, JXmZ, BanÀ, iA_o, AXzm-Av, XzmDukv, A_q dPm-Av AÂ ANmcoXo, Dss_-Zp-Ãmln

k¿nZv JpXzp_v

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_v\p A_vZnÃ, AÂ lk³AÂ kkv]co, tijw Camw Xz_vco (Pm-an-DÂ _bm³), AÂ KÊmen (AÂ apØ-kv^m), _Kho (X vkoÀ), C_v\pÂ Pukn (km-ZpÂ akoÀ) ^JvÀ AÂ dmkn (a- m-Xo-lpÂ ssK_v), AÂ JpÀXzp_n, C_v\p PÊn (AÂ XkvloÂ), A_q l¿m³ (AÂ _lvÀ AÂ aploXzv), C_v\p IkoÀ (X-^vkoÀ), Beqkn (dq-lpÂ aB-\n), A¯zm-lnÀ _v\p BiqÀ (AÂ XlvcoÀ h ¯³hoÀ), ssiJv iAvdmhn (X- vkoÀ). taep-²-cn¨ ]ÞnXÀ {]kvXpX JÀ-B-\nI kqàw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶n-S¯v ]e coXn-IÄ ]n´p-SÀ¶ncn-¡p-¶p. F¶mÂ Ah-bnÂ Gähpw {]m_-ey-apÅ A`n-{]mbw, kqàw Dt±-in-¡p-¶Xv AÃmlp Cd-¡n-b-Xp-sImv hn[n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡pI F¶ Kpcp-X-c-amb sXänsâ Kuchw {]I-S-am-¡pI F¶m-Wv. AXv HcÀ°- nÂ\ntj[w Xs¶-bm-Wv. ]s£, kmt¦-Xn-I-amb ssZh \ntj[w AÃ F¶mWv. ]s£ Ah-cnÂ

k¿nZv JpXzp_n\v ap³Km-an-I-fmbn Cu hnj-b-¯nÂ Hcm-sfbpw \mw ImWp-¶n-Ã. Camw BPpcn At±-l- nsâ InXm-_p-È-co-A-bnÂ ]d-bp¶ Cu kw`-h-a-ÃmsX. kCuZv _v\p Ppss_À ]d-bp-¶p. Jhm-cn-Pp-IÄ ""AÃmlp Cd¡n ......... '' F¶ JpÀ-B³ kqàw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp. XpSÀ¶v JÀ-B-\nse ""\ntj-[n-I-fm-b-hÀ AÃ-B-lp-hp-ambn hgn ]ncn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.'' F¶ kqàw AhÀ ]mcm-bWw sN¿pw. tijw Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Imcn asämcp coXn-bnÂ hn[n IÂ¸n- mÂ AhÀ ]d-bpw. `c-Wm-[n-Imcn Im^n-dm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Im^n-dm-b-h³ dºp-ambn hgn ]ncn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ Ah³ apivcn¡m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sImv Cu kaqlw H¶msI

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HcmÄ t]mepw k¿nZv JpXzv_v hmZn-¡p¶ AXn Xo{h aX {`jvSv kn²m´w Ah-X-cn- n- n-«n-Ã.

apivcn¡p-I-fm-bn-cn-¡p¶p. F¶-hÀ hmZn-¡p-Ibpw ]n¶oSv \n§-fnÂ ImWp-¶-sXÃmw AhÀ sNbvXp sImn-cn-¡p-¶p.

{]hm-N-Isâ AÛp-X-I-c-amb ap¶-dn-bn v (aX {`jvS hmZn-bmbn amdnb Bbp-[-sa-Sp¯v càw sNmcn-bp¶ JpÀ-B³ ]ÞnXs\ Ipdn- v) lpssZ^ (d) hnÂ \n¶p

\nth-Z\w ""\n§Ä¡p taÂ….'' hfsc {]m[m-\y-aÀln-¡p-¶-XmWo {]hm-NI hN-\w. Ckveman\p thn Bthiw sImÅp¶ Nne-cpsS AXn hnNn-{X-amb Hcp AhØm hntijw CXv hni-Z-am-¡p-¶p. AÛp-X-I-c-amb ]cn-Wm-a-§Ä AhÀ¡v kw`-hn- p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶p. JpÀ-B-\n-t\m-SpÅ {]W-bhpw CjvS-hp-am-W-Xnsâ XpS-¡w. A§s\ JpÀ-B-\nsâ Nne _ln-kv-^p-c-W-§Ä Ah-cnÂ {]I-S-am-hp-Ibpw ]n¶oSv temIsc apgp-h³ aX\n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡nbpw AhÀs¡-cnsc Bbp-[-ta´n ]cy-h-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. aq¶p hnti-j-W-§-fmWp Cu BÄ¡v \_n Xncp-ta\n \ÂIn-b-Xv. H¶v: AÃmlp Ah\p JpÀ-B³ \ÂIn.-A-bmÄ JpÀ-B-\nsâ BÄ Xs¶. AbmÄ AXv ]Tn- p. AXns\ tkhn- p. lrZnØ-am¡n, AXp hgn {]i-kvXnbpw t\Sn. Xsâ JpÀ-B³ tkh-\-§-fpsS ^e-ambn AbmÄ¡v P\-k-½Xn Ic-Ø-ambn. cv: AbmfnÂ JpÀ-B-\nsâ Kcna {]I-S-am-bn. JpÀ-B³ shfn- -am-W-tÃm. AXv JpÀ-B-\p-ambn _Ô-ap-Å-h-cnÂ{]-I-S-am-hp-Ibpw sN¿pw. \nc-´-c-amb JpÀ-B-\nI lrZb _Ôw \nan¯w JpÀ-B-\nsâ shfn¨w Abm-fnÂ A\p-

32

`ht`Zy-am-bn. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Bfp-IÄ¡v Abm-fnÂ \Ã aXn¸pw kzoIm-cy-Xbpw Dm-hpw. aq¶v: aX- n\p thn AXn-bmb Bthiw tImÅp¶ {]IrX¡m-c-\m-W-bmÄ. A§s\ aX- nsâ kwc-£I\pw ap³ \nc-¡m-c\pambn. ]s£, kaq-l- nÂ \ÃØm\hpw hne-bp-saÃmw IÂ]n-¡-s -Sp¶ Cu \Ã {]hÀ¯-\-§ÄsIÃmw tijw Abmsf Ipdn¨v A`n-{]mb hyXym-k-§-fpmhpt¼mgpw Abm-fpsS aX XmÂ]-Xys¯ s]mXpsh AwKo-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn\p tijw {]iv\-§Ä Bcw- n-¡p-I-bm-bn. Bib¡pg -§Ä¡v \mµn Ipdn-¡p-I-bm-bn. ]n¶oSv Abm-fpsS Imcy-¯nÂ P-\-§Ä¡n-S-bnÂ henb {]iv\§Ä DS-se-Sp-¡p-I-bm-bn. {]hm-N-I³ ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse AXn hnNn-{X-amb amä-§-fmWv Abm-fnÂ {]I-S-am-b-Xv. AYhm, AbmÄ JÀ-B-\ns\ amän-a-dn- p. AXv JÀ-B-\nsâ kqà-§-fntem hm¡p-I-fntem A£-c-§-fntem AÃ. {]XypX AXnsâ Bi-b-§-fnepw hymJym-\-§-fn-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. ImcWw sXämb hymJym\w hgn AbmÄ JpÀ-B-\nsâ koa-IÄ AXn-{I-an¨p IS-¡p-Ibpw ]cn-[n-IÄ DÃw-Ln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. bXmÀ°- nÂ Xsâ ]qÀÆ-Ime tkh\-§-fnepw ]mcm-b-W-§-fnepw AbmÄ h©n-X-\m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. lrZb-¯nÂ JpÀ-B³ DtÃm F¶ ImcWw sImp am{Xw JpÀ-B³ ]qÀW-ambn a\-Ên-em-¡m³km[n-¡p-sa-¶-bmÄ sXän-²-cn-¨p. A§s\ A\p-Kp-W-a-Ãm¯ hymJym-\-§fpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-§fpw AbmÄ \S-¯n. bYmÀ° e£y-§-fnÂ \n¶-I¶, am\ZÞ§Ä ]men-¡m¯, hni-I-e\ coXn-IÄ ]cn-K-Wn-¡m¯, hymJym\ kn²m-´-§sf XrWh-XvK-Wn¡p¶ Nne [mc-W-Ifpw Dul§fpw AbmÄ kaq-l- n\p kaÀ¸n- p. A§s\ AXn-cp-hn« aX-{`jvSv kaÀ¸-W-¯n-

33

te¡pw, kz´w AbÂhm-knsb inÀ¡m-tcm-]n-¡p-¶-Xn-te¡pw AbmÄ hgn-am-dn. Ahn-sSbpw AbmÄ AS-§n-bn-Ã. Xm³ [À½ kac t]mcm-fn-bm-sW¶v Ah-Im-i-s¸«v AbmÄ P\-§Ä¡p t\sc Bbp-[-ta- p-Ibpw cà-s¨m-cn-¨n-ep-IÄ XoÀ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp \nÀ¯-W-sa¶v Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-t¼mgpw Ahsâ ]nSn-hmin aqÀOn- p. ImcWw AbmÄ JpÀ-B-\nÂ hnimZ tcmKn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. -Xsâ [mcWm ]ni-Ins\ AbmÄ JpÀ-B\p taÂ sI«n-sh-¡p-¶p. ]s£ GsXÃmw L«-§-fn-eq-sS-bmWv Cu ]cn-Wmaw kw`-hn- -Xv. JpÀ-B-\nÂ\n¶pw AXnsâ ASn-Øm\ e£y-§sf D·q-e\w sN¿p¶ Bi-b-X-e-§Ä AbmÄ t]mep-a-dn-bmsX F§n-s\-bm-W-bmÄ Dcp- n-cn¨p XpS-§n-bXv?. AbmÄ kzbw Hcp hnÚm\ t{kmX-sÊ¶p ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp- n- p-S-§n. kz´-ambn \nb-a-§-fm-hn-jvI-cn-¡m\pw JpÀ-B-\nI kqà-§-fnÂ \n¶pw ImgvN- m-Sp-Ifpw kn²m-´-§fpw cq]-s¸-Sp- m\pw Bcw- n- p. Xsâ kzX kn²-amb Bth-ihpw kml-Ncy hntZ-b-Xz-hp-a-ÃmsX asäm¶pw Abmsf \nb-{´n- n-Ã. sXämb coXn-bnÂ JpÀ-B-\nI kqà-§Ä hnhn[ kµÀ`-§-fnÂ \n¶v ASÀ¯n-sb-Sp¯v Ah kam-l-cn- v, AXn hnZq-chpw AXn hnNn-{X-hp-amb k¦Â]-§fpw ImgvN- m-Sp-Ifpw Abm-fn-eqsS ]pd- p-h-¶p. AXp XnI¨pw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-sa¶mWv Abm-fpsS hmZw. F´p sN¿pw. ]ÞnXÀ Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn B{i-bn¨p hcp¶ am\ZÞ§fpw ASn-Øm\ {]am-W-§fpw AbmÄ¡v Adn-bmsX t]mbn. AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶ Xsâ Is¯-ep-Ifpw Dul-§fpw amäp-c-¡m³ Hcp Dc-¡Ãv AbmÄ¡n-ÃmsX t]mbn. kz´w tXm¶-epIÄ Ip¯n-\n-d¨ a\Êpambn AbmÄ JpÀ-B-\n\p taÂ AS-bn-cp-¶p. tijw Ah JpÀ-B-\nÂ Is- m\pw JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw Ah Dcp-

34

¯n-cn-s -Sp-¡m\pw AbmÄ `Ko-cY {]b-Xv\w \S- n. JpÀ-B-\n-en-Ãm- Xv AbmÄ ]S-¨p-m-¡n. JpÀ-B-\n\p IS-I-hn-cp-²-am-bXv AbmÄ JpÀ-B\p NmÀ¯n \ÂIn. Xsâ Dg-dnb Nn´-Ifpw NnX-dnb Dul-§fpw AbmÄ JpÀ-B-\nÂ sh¨p-sI-«n. B hgn-bnÂ th{X D{KhmZhpw BÄam-dm-«hpw hgn-hn« hymJym-\-§fpw \S- m³ AbmÄ apXnÀ¶p. Bfp-IÄ Abm-fpsS Imcy- nÂ Bi-¦m-Ip-ecpw CbmÄ¡v A]-{`wiw kw`-hn- n-cn-¡p¶psh¶v Dd- n- p-]-d-bm³ ss[cy-s -Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ kml-N-cy-am-Wv At¸mÄ \ne-hnepmbn-cp-¶-Xv. JpÀ-B-\n\p thn AbmÄ sNbvX tkh-\-§-fpsS HmÀ½bpw AbmÄ {]I-S-am-¡n-bn-cp¶ JpÀ-B-\nI Kcn-abpw CÉm-anI aqey kwc-£W cwKs¯ Abm-fpsS kw`m-h-\-I-sfbpw Ipdn¨v P\-§Ä¡pÅ [mcWbmWv P\-§sf Cu \ne-]m-Sn-se-¯n- -Xv.

Camw _p-Jm-cn A-t±-l- n-sâ kz-lo-ln-Â A-_q a-kv-Du-Zv(d) hn-Â \n-¶pw D-²-cn-¡p-¶p. H-cm-Ä \-_n (k) tbm-Sv ]-dªp. H-cp kz-lm-_n kp_-ln \n-kv-Im-c-¯n-Â hf-sc Zo-À-L-am-bn Jp-À-B³ ]m-cmb-Ww sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\m-Â Rm³ kp_-ln \n-kv-Im-c- n-\v ]-f-fn-bnÂ t]m-Im-dn-Ã. A-Xp-tI-« {]-hm-N-I³ £p- n-X-\mbn. A-Xn-te-sd tZiyw B apJ- v {]-I-S-am-Ip-¶-Xv Rm³ H-cn-¡epw Z-À-in- n-«n-Ã. ti-jw \-_n(k) ]-d-ªp. " Hm P-\-§sf, B-fpI-sf a-X- n-Â \n¶pw B-«n-b-I-äp-¶-h-À \n-§-Ä-¡n-S-bn-epv-v. A-Xp-sImv \n-§-Ä C-am-am-bn \n-Â-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n-Â A-h³ Np-cp§n-b coXnbnÂ sN-¿-s«. Imc-Ww Ah-sâ ]n-¶n-Â Zp-À-_-ecpw hr-²cpw hn-hn-[m-h-iy-§-Ä-¡m-bn F-¯n-s -«-hcpw FÃmw D-m-bn-cn-¡pw.

Pm-_n-À C-_v-\p A-Ðn-Ã (d)eq-sS D-²r-Xam-b a-säm-cp l-Zokpw C-amw _p-Jm-cn tc-J-s -Sp- n-bn-«pv. cm-{Xn-bn-Â cv H-«-I-

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§-fp-am-bn H-cm-Ä H-cp ]-Ån-bp-sS ap-¶n-eq-sS I-S¶p-t]mbn. A-t¸m-Ä ap-B-Zv(d) \n-kv-Im-c- n-\p t\-XrXzw \-Â-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. A-bm-Ä X-sâ H-«-I§-sf A-hn-sS C-t«-¨v \n-kv-Im-c-¯n-Â tN-À¶p. apB-Zv(d) A-Â _-J-d kq-d-t¯m,A-¶n-km-Av kq-d-t¯m H-Xm³ Xp-S-§n. D-Ss\, \n-kv-Im-c- n-\p ap-t¼ B a-\p-jy³ \n-kv-Im-cw D-t]-£n-¨p I-S¶p-t]mbn. ]n-¶oSv, apB-Zv X-s¶-¡p-dn- v th-m¯-Xp ]-d-ª-hnh-cw e- n¨ B a-\p-jy³, ap-B-Zn-s\- Ip-dn- v {]-hmN-I-t\m-Sv ]-cn`-hw ]-dªp. kw`-hw a-\-Ên-em¡n-b {]-hm-N-I³ {]-Xn-I-cn- p. apB-Zv {]-iv-\-¡m-c\mtWm \o? F-¶p aq-¶p X-h-W B-h-À- n- p. ti-jw, F-t´ \n\-¡v sNdn-b kq-d- p-Ifmb " k-ºn-lnkv-a d-ºn-¡", "h-Èwkn", " h-ssÃen" Xp-S§n-b kq-d- p-I-Ä Hm-Xn \n-kv-In-cn- p-Iq-sS h-¶p \n-sâ ]n-¶n-Â Zp-À-_-ecpw hr-²cpw hn-hn-[X-cw \n-kv-I-cn-¡p-¶p-m-hp-sa¶pw Hm-À-a-s -Sp- n.

{]-hm-N-I Im-e- pm-b A-h-Øm-hn-ti-j-§fpw kw- -h-§-fp-amW-h. kz-lm-_n-I-fn-Â D-¶-a\m-b H-cm-Ä B-th-i-s -«v \n-kv-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw A-Xph-gn s]m-Xp-P-\- n-Â _p-²n-ap-«p-m-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. A§-s\ B-fp-IÄ-¡v P-am-A- n-\p h-cm³ hn-ap-J-I-X-bmbn. A-sÃ-¦n-Â hnj-bw H-cmÄ-¡v k-ln-¡m-\m-bn-Ã. A-bm-Ä sX-Ãp-am-dn an-X-am-bn \n-c-¡n-Â H-ä-t¡p \n-kv-I-cn- v X-sâ Im-cy-§-fn-Â hym-]r-X-\m-bn. A-t¸m-Ä A-an-Xm-th-i-¡m-ÀC-S-s¸«p. l-Zo-kn-sâ a-äp dn-t¸m-À-«p-I-Ä h¶-Xp t]m-se A-h-À C-bm-sf I-]-S-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn¨p. A-Xp k-ln-¡m-\m-hm-¯ A-bm-Ä {]-hm-N-I-k-hn-Z- n-Â B-h-em-Xn-bp-am-sb¯n. C-XÃmw A-c-t§-dn-b-Xv \m-«n-Â \n-jn-²-am-btXm sX-½m-Sn- -am-bn K-Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶tXm B-b H-cp hn-j-b-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. A-tX A-äw a-X-]-chpw a-X-Io-b-hp-am-b H-cp Imcyw te-iw A-an-X-am-b-t¸m-Ä B-fp-I-Ä-¡n-S-bn-Â B-i-b-¡pg- w D-m-¡p-Ibpw Ah-sc

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AI-än \n-À- p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. A-t¸m-Ä F-§-t\-bm-Wv {]-hm-N-I³(k) {]-Xn-I-cn- -Xv.? A-Xph-sc Im-W-W-s -«n-«n-Ãm-¯ A-{Xbpw tIm-]n-jvT-\mbn. D-¯-c-hm-Zn-I-fm-bh-sc P-\§-sf B-«n-b-I-äp-¶-h-sc-¶pw hn-fn-¡p-I-bpw, a-lm-\mb B A-\p-Nc-s\ t\-cn-«v B-t£-]n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. F-¶n-«v tNm-Zn¨p. B-fp-I-fn-Â {]-iv-\-ap-m-¡p-IbmtWm \o?. ]n-¶o-Sv F-fp- - n-tâ-bpw an-X-Xz- n-tâbpw k-tµ-i-§-Ä Ah-sc ]-Tn- n¨p. Imc-Ww C¯-cw H-ä-s -« B-fp-I-fp-sS A-Xn-cp-hn-« Hu-Xv kp-Iyhpw \msf Cu a-X-¯n-sâ t]-cn-Â hm-bn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw A-Xv a-X-t¯m-Sv \oc-kw P-\n- n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v ]p-dsa, C¯-cw B-fp-I-Ä H-cp- mK-¯v I-]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-sft¶m a-täm hn-fn- m-t£-]n-¡p¶p. ZpÀ-L-S L-«w h-sc kw-Pm-X-am-tb-¡m-sa-¶m-Wv {]-hm-N-I³ \n-co-£n- Xv. C¯-cw B-fp-I-fn-Â \n-¶p-m-b D-t±iyw sN-bv-Xn-I-fp-sS s]m-cp-Ä \-ap-¡v hy-à-am-Im-\p-am-bn-cn-¡mw \-_n X-§Ä B l-Zo-kn-Â A§-s\ {]-Xn-]m-Zn- -Xv.

Np-cp-¡- n-Â, B-fp-IÄ-¡v a-X-{`-ãv I-Â-]n-¡p-I F¶-Xv G-sd Kp-cp-X-cam-b hn-j-b-am-Wv. hn-h-c- n-tâ-bpw hn-Zym- ym-k-¯n-tâ-bpw ]n³-_-e-an-Ãm-sX ao-\n-\mbn Hu-Â-kp-Iy-s -Sp-Ibpw B-th-iw sIm-Åp-I-bpw, Jp-À-B-\n-tâbpw a-X-\n-b-a-§-fp-sS t]-cn-Â hm-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶h-À, \-_n(k) Cu k-aq-l- n-\p h-¶p `-hn-¡p-¶ G-ä-hp-a-[n-Iw `-b-s -« H-cp hn-j-b-hp-amWv. X-§-fp-sS t]m-cm-bv-a-bp-tSbpw A-Xn-{I-a- n-tâbpw -e-am-bn `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-tfbpw \n-b-a-]m-e-I-tcbpw k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-Ifm-b Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-I F¶-Xv {]-hm-N-I-À `-b-s¸-« hn-j-b-t¯m-Sv G-sd tN-À-¶p-\n-¶-Xp-am-Wv.

D-½p-k-e-a(d) \-_n(k)§-fn-Â \n-¶pw D-²-cn-¡p¶p. "hcpw Ime- v Nn-e `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-Ä D-m-hpw. \n-§Ä-¡v Aw-Ko-I-cn-t -¡mw. Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v D-¯-c-hm-Zn- w H-gn-

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hmbn. Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡m- -h-À c-£-s¸«p. Ah-s\ A-\p-Xmh-\w sN-¿p-I-bpw A-h-tcm-Sv Xm-Zm-ßyw sIm-Åp-¶-h-À-¡p-am-Wv {]-iv\w. A-t¸m-Ä kz-lm-_n-IÄ tNm-Zn¨p. \-_n-sb R-§-Ä A-h-tcm-Sv bp-²w sN-bv-Xp sIm-Ås«. \-_n(k) {]-Xn-]m-Xn¨p. "A-h-À \n-kv-I-cn-¡p-¶ Im-e-t¯m-fw A-Xp sN-¿-cp-Xv"(kz-lo-lv ap-kvenw). A-Xn-\m-Â A-Xn Ku-c-ham-b Xm-¡o-XmWv B-fpI-sf \n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡p-¶nS- v ]-Þn-X³-am-À \-Â-In-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

Camw _m-Jn-Ãm-\n ]-dªp. " H-cp k-Xy \n-tj-[n-bn-Â \n-¶-Ãm-sX A¯-cw H-cp Im-cyw D-m-hn-sÃ-¶v ap-kv enwI-Ä H-¶S-¦w G-tIm-]n- - n-{¸m-b-s -« H-cp Imcyw H-cm-fn-Â \n-¶v D-m-bm-e-Ãm-sX tIh-ew hm-¡p-sImtm \n-e-]mSp-sImtm B-cpw \n-tj-[n-I-fm-Ip-I-bn-Ã. Cu {]-h-À-¯n a-X \n-cm-k- n-\p a-Xn-bm-hm-¯-Xm-sW¶pw sX-fn-hpw lm-P-cm-tI--Xm-Wv". (Camw X-Jn-bp-²o³ kp-_vJn- ^-Xm-h-bn-Â D-±-cn- -Xv). C-_v-\p l-kv-av ]-d-ªp. " C-kvemw Øn-c-s -« H-cm-fn-Â \n-¶v Ir-Xyam-b sXfnthm G-tIm]n-X A- n-{]m-b-tam C-ÃmsX B C-kvemw C-Ãm-Xm-hp-I-bn-Ã F-¶-Xm-Wv bm-Xm-À-°yw. tIh-ew hm-¡mÂ sImtm B-tcm]-Ww sImtm A-Xv kw- -hn-¡p-I-bn-Ã''. (A-Â- -k-Â ^n-Â an-e-Â h-Â A-lv hm-h-Â \n-l-Â(3/138) a-à-_p-Â Jm³-Pn sIbv-tdm.

Camw A-_p-Â -Xv-lv A-Â Jp-ssd-in ]-d-ªp. {]-hm-N-IhN-\w \n-tj-[n-¡-e-Ãm- H-cm-fn-Â A-Xv B-tcm-]n-¡p-¶-h-\p-Å A-Xn `-bm-\-Iam-b ap-¶-dn-bn- m-Wv \-Â-Ip-¶-Xv(A-Â a³-kq-À ^n-Â J-am-C-XnÂ - k-a-ÀJ-in D-²-cn- -Xv) C-amw K-Êm-en X-sâ hn-izm-k- n-tâ-bpw hn-izm-k-cm-ln-Xy-¯n-tâ-bpw C-S-bn-se hn-Xym-kw km-Zy-am-bn-S-s¯Ãmw a-X-\n-tj[m-tcm-]-W- n-Â \n-¶v hn-«p \n-Â-¡p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv I-c-Wo-b-am-bn-«p-ÅXv. Imc-Ww A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ G-I-Xz-aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw \n-kv-Im-cw \n-e-

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\n-À- p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-h-cp-sS c-àw A-\p-h-Zn-\o-b-amIp-I F-ta-tX sX-ämWv. B-bn-cw \n-tj-[n-sb sh-dp-sX hn-Sp-¶-Xn-Â \n¶pw h-¶-\p- -hn-¡m-hp-¶ sX-äv H-cp ap-kv-en-an-sâ c-àw sNm-cn-bp-¶-Xn-Â \n-¶p-m-Ip-¶ Ipä-s¯ A-t]-£n- v sN-dp-Xm-Wv.

C-_v-\p-Â h-ko-À A-Â ba-\o ]-d-bp¶p. "C-kv-em-an-se ap-gp-h³ s]m-Xp-hn- m-K-t¯-bpw a-X-\n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡p-I-bpw C-kveman-I ]m-c-¼-cy- n-sâ a-tlm-¶-Xcm-b ]Þn-X `q-cn-]£-s¯ a-X-hn-cp-²-cm-¡p-Ibpw A-§-s\ sam-¯w a-X-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-sS Aw-K_-ew h-À-[n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-Xn\pw a-dn- v A-h-sc-sbÃmw D-Ä-sIm-Åp-¶,A-h-cn-eq-sS C-Ém-an-s\ hn-P-b km-[y-am-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-Â hen-b hn-Xym-k-apv. A-]-cym-]v-Xam-b sX-fp-hp-I-fp-¶-bn- v Ah-sc \n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡m³ I- -sI-«p-¶-Xn-\p ]I-cw Ah-sc H-¶n- n-¡m-\pw C-Ém-an-s\ i-àn-s -Sp-¯m-\pw, i-co-cw kw-c-£n-¡m-\pw, A-´-co-£w im- -am-Ip-hm-\p-am-Wv {i-an-t¡-n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. \n-tj-[n-I-fm-Ip-¶-Xn-\v ]p- ³-hm-Zn-I-fn-Â A-Xn-sâ A-S-bm-f-§-Ä ]I-Â-s]m-se hy-à-hp-am-hp-I-bpw, k-aq-l- n-Â G-tIm- -{]m-bw cq-]-s -Sp-I-bpw, km-l-N-cy-§-Ä B {]-Jym]-\w B-h-iy-s -Sp-Ibpw th-Ww". "D-kv-Xm-Zp-Â l-Jv A-e-Â J-ÂJv"C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) J-hm-cn-Pp-¡-fp-am-bnB-b- n-sâ sXäm-b hn-i-I-e-\-¯n-Â\-S¯n-b kw-hm-Zw. C¶-s¯ Xo-{h a-X-Nn- m-[mc-I-tfmSpw kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xpw A-tX co-Xn X-t¶-bm-Ip-¶p.

A-_q P-ao-Â k-am-Iv-_v-\p-Â h-eo-Zv A-Â l-\- o F-¶-h-À ]-dªp. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) A-t±-l-t¯m-Sp ]-dªp. G-I-tZ-iw 6000 h-cp-¶ J-hm-cn-Pp-I-Ä A-h-cp-sS B-Øm\- v H-cp-an-¨p Iq-Sn-b-t¸m-Ä Rm³ Aen (d)t\m-Sv ]-d-ªp. A-ao-dp-Â ap-Av-an-\o³ Xm-¦-Ä \n-kv-Im-cw AÂ-]w ]n- n¡-Ww ªm³ Cu J-hm-cn-Pp-I-fp-am-bn H-¶p I-p kw-km-cn-¡m³ D-t±-in-¡p¶p. A-

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en(d) {]-Xn-h-Nn¨p" \n§-sf A-h-À D-]-{Z-hn-t -¡p-sa-¶v Rm³ `-b-s¸-Sp¶p". A-Xn-sâ B-hn-iy-an-sÃ-¶v C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) hpw {]-Xn-I-cn- p.

C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) Xp-S-cp-¶p" Rm³ A-h-cn-te-¡v ]p-d-s -«p. ba-\o h-kv-{X-§-fn-Â \n-¶v G-ähpw \-Ã-sX-¶v Rm³ [-cn-¨p. (C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d)kp-µ-c\pw h-iy-am-b i-Ð-¯n-\p-S-a-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p F-¶v A-_q P-ao-Â) A§-s\ Rm³ A-h-cn-te-¡v ]p-d-s¸-«p.F-s¶ I--bpS-s\ C-_v-\p A-ºm-kn-\p kzmK-Xw F-¶p ]-d-ª-h-sc-s¶ B-\-bn¨p. C-sX- p h-kv-{X-sa-¶p A-h-cp-sS A-Ûp-Xw Iqdnb tNm-Zy- n\v, C-Xn-Â \n-§-sf- n-\p AÛp-X s¸S-Ww \-_n Xn-cp-ta-\n C-Xnepw ap´n-b h-kv{Xw [-cn-¡p¶-Xv Rm³ I-n-«p-s-¶v

{]-Xn-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw'" A-Ãm-lp A-hsâ A-Sn-a-I-Ä-¡m-bn C-d¡n-b ku-µ-cy-§-Ä \n-tj-[n-¡p-¶-h-cm-Wh-À. \n-§-Ä(\-_n-sb)tNm-Zn¡pI'' F-¶ Jp-À-B³ kq-àw Rm³ ]m-cmb-Ww sN-¿p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.

Xm-¦-Ä F- n-\m-Wv h-¶-sX-¶v Xn-cn- p tNm-Zn- -t¸m-Ä A-ao-dp-Â ap-Av-an-\n-tâ-bpw,ap-lm-Pn-dp-I-fp-tS-bpw,A³-km-dp-I-fp-tS-bpw a-äp kz-lm-_n-I-fp-sS k-hn-[- n-Â \n-¶m-Wv Rm³ B-K-X-\m-bXv. \n-§-fmh-s« A-h-cn-Â \n-¶m-cp-a-Ã-Xm-\pw. A-h-À-¡m-Wv Jp-À-B³ A-h-Xo-À-®-am-bXpw A-h-cm-Wv A-Xn-sâ hym-Jym-\w \n-§-tf-¡m-Ä A-dn-bp-¶-h-cpw. ]s£, \n-§-fn-Â A-h-cn-Â \n-¶m-cp-anÃ. A-h-cp-sS A- n-{¸m-b-§-Ä \n-§-tfbpw \n-§-fp-tS-Xv A-h-tcbpw A-dn-bn-¡p-hm-\m-Wv Rm³ h-¶Xv. {]-hm-NI-sâ ]n-Xr-hy ]p-{X\pw a-cp-a-I-\pam-b A-en(d)t\m-Sv F- n-\m-Wv \n-§-Ä {]-Xn-Im-cw h- p ]p-e-À- p-¶-Xv''?. A-ºmkv (d) ]-d-bp¶p. X-À-¡-§-fp-sS k-ap-Zm-b-am-WhÀ'' F-¶ Jp-À-B\n-I hN-\w D-¶-bn¨p-sImv, F-t¶m-Sv kw-km-cn-¡m-Xn-c-¡m³ A-h-cn-Â Nn-e-À \n-À-

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tZ-in¨p. F-¶m-Â a-äp Nn-e-À A-t±-lw {]-hm-NI-sâ {]-Xy-hy ]p-{X\-tÃ A-t±-lw hn-fn-¡p¶-Xv Jp-À-B-\n-te¡-tÃ F- p-sIm-v \-ap-¡v A-t±-l-t¯m-Sv kw-km-cn- p-Iq-Sm F-¶mbn. Xp-S-À-¶p A-h-cn-Â Nn-eÀ tNm-Zy-t¯m-Sv {]-Xn-I-cn¨p. aq-¶p hn-j-b-§-fn-Â R-§Ä-¡v A-en(d)t\m-Sv {]-Xn-Im-c-apv. A-t±-lw B-fpI-sf hn-[n-I-À- m-hm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ hn-[n-bn-Â B-fp-I-Ä-s¡- m Imcyw F-¶-Xm-Wv A-h-bn-Â c--a-t¯-Xv A-t±-lw bp-²w sN-bvXp. ]-s£ ]-cm-PnX-sc _-µn-I-fm-¡p-Itbm , bp-² kz- v ti-J-cn-¡p-I-tbm sN-bv-Xn-Ã. A-t±-lw bp-²w sN-bv-X-h-À A§-s\ sa-s -s -tS--h-cm-bn-cp-s¶-¦n-Â Ah-sc _-Ôn-I-fm-¡-Â A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-WtÃm C-\n _-Ôn-I-fm-sW-¦n-Â A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-sÃ¦n-Â A-h-cp-am-bn bp-²hpw A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-aÃ.

aq-¶m-a-t¯Xv, A-ao-dp-Â ap-Av-an-\o-§-fp-sS Iq-«- n-Â \n-¶v A-t±-lw X-sâ t]-cv sh-«n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. A-t¸m-Ä ]n-s¶ A-t±-lw A-ao-dp-Â ap-Av-an-\o³ A-sÃ-¦n-Â ,A-ao-dp-Â ap-iv-dn-Io³ B-h-W-a-tÃm?

C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) ]-d-ªp. C-X-Ãm-sX th-sd F-s´-¦n-epw? C-sÃ-¶v A-h-À- a-dp]-Sn \-ÂIn. C-Xn-\p a-Xnbm-b D- -c-§-Ä Rm³ Jp-À-B-\n-Â \n-¶pw- Xn-cp-N-cy-bn-Â-\n-¶pw D-²-cn- p X-¶m-Â \n-§-Ä a-S-§n-h-cp-a-tÃm F-¶ C-_v-\p A-ºmkv (d)hn-sâ tNm-Zy- n-\p F- p sIm-v B-bn-¡q-Sm F-¶-h-À a-dp]-Sn ]-d-ªp. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d)]-dªp. A-t±-lw B-fpI-sf hn-[n-I-À- m-¡-fm-¡n F-¶ hn-j-b- n-Â, Jp-À-B\n-I kq-àw Rm³ tI-«n-cn-¡p¶p ''' B hn-j-b- n-Â \n-§-fn-se c-p \o-Xn-am³-am-À hn-[n-I-Â- n¡-Ww'' F-¶p ap-b-et\tbm atäm l-Ön-\p C-lv-dmw sI«n-b B-Ä th-«-bm-Sn-bm-Â sN-t¿- {]-Xn-hn-[n-sb-¡p-dn- m-WnXv. A-Xn-sâ hn-e Im-Â ZnÀ-lw B-bn-cn-¡pw. C-hn-sS A-Ãm-

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lp hn[n I-Â-]\-sb \o-Xn-am\m-b B-fp-I-fn-te-¡v Nm-À-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. th-W-sa-¦n-Â A-Ãm-lp-hn-\v X-s¶ hn-[n-I-À- m-hm-Im-am-bn-cp¶p. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) Xp-S-À¶p. A-Ãm-lp ho-pw ]-dªp. `m-cy `-À- m-¡-·m-À-¡n-S-bn-Â th-À-]n-cn-b-Â \n-§-Ä `-b-s -«m-Â A-h-tâbpw A-h-fp-tSbpw Ip-Spw-_-¡m-cn-Â \n¶v Hm-tcm hn-[n-I-À- m¡-sf \n-§-Ä \n-tbm-Kn-¡-Ww. A-h-À \-·-bm-Wv D-t±-in-¡p-¶-sX-¦n-Â A-Ãm-lp Ah-sc H-¶n- n-¡pw. ti-jw C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv tNm-Zn¨p. Cu hn-j-b- n-Â F-sâ hm-Zw i-cnbm-sWm? A-tX F-¶-h-À k-½-Xn- p.

C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d)tNm-Zn¨p. A-t±-lw bp-²w sN-bv-Xp _-Ôn-I-fm-¡p-Itbm bp-²-ap-XÂ ssI-I-em-¡p-Itbm sN-bv-Xn-Ã F-¶ \n-§-fp-sS hm-Zw t\m-¡q- A-t±-lw bp-²w sN-bv-Xv \n-§-fp-sS D-½-tbm-SmWv. A-Ãm-lp ]-d-ªn-«n-tÃ {]-hm-N-I³ hn-izm-kn-IÄ-¡v kz-i-co-c-t¯-¡m-Ä {]-[m-\-s -«-h\pw A-hn-Sp-s¯-]-Xv-\n-am-À hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS D-½-am-cm-sW-¶v?C-\n \n-§-Ä A-h-À \n-§-fp-sS D-½-b-sÃ-¶v hm-Zn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n-Â \n-§-Ä A-hn-izm-kn-I-fmbn. a-dn- v C-§s\-sbm-¶v \n-§-Ä Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n-Â Ah-sc _-Ôn-bm-¡-Â \n-in-²-hp-am-Wv. Np-cp-¡- n-Â c-p X-c- nepw \n-§Ä-¡v ]ng-hv ]-än-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. i-c-bm-tWm? A-sX F-¶-h-À k-½-Xn¨p.

C-\n \n-§-fp-sS aq-¶m-sa- hm-Zw A-t±-lw X-sâ t]-À A-ao-dp-Â ap-Av-an-\o³ F-¶ hn- m-K- n-Â \n-¶v am-bv- p I-f-ª-Xn-\mÂ A-t±-lw A-ao-dpÂ ap-{in-Io³ B-sW-¶m-WtÃm A-Xv.B hn-j-b-¯nÂ \n-§Ä Aw-Kn-I-cn-¡p-¶-bm-fnÂ \n-¶pw Rm³ sX-fn-hp-X-cmw.lp-ssZ_n-b Zn-\- nÂ \-_n-X-§-sf \n-§-tfmÀ-¡p-¶n-tÃ.\-_n X-§-fp-sSbpw kp-ssl-ep-_vv\p Aw-dn-sâ-bpw D-S-bnÂ D-S¼-Sn H-¸p sh-¡-s -Sp-¶ k-ab- v \-_n X-§Ä A-en d hn-t\m-Sv ]-d-ªp.A-en-tb F-gp-Xn-t¡m-fp."Xm-sg ]-d-bp-

42

¶- Im-cy-§-fnÂ AÃm-lp-hn-sâ Zq-Xcm-b ap-l-½Zpw kp-ssl-ev-_v-\p Awdpw D-S¼-Sp sN-¿p-¶p".DS-s\ kp-ssl-ep-_vvvvvvv\p Aw-dn-sâ ]-£-¡mÀ B-t{Im-in- p".\o ssZ-h-Zq-X-\m-sW-¶v R-§Ä A-dn-bp-s¶-¦nÂ R-§Ä \n-t¶m-Sv bp-²-¯n-\p h-cp-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ".A-Xp-sIm-v ssZ-h-Zq-X³ F¶-Xp am-än \n-sâbpw \n-sâ ]n-Xm-hn-sâbpw t]-sc-gp-Xq.DS-s\ \-_n X-§Ä ]-d-ªp.AÃm-lp-th Rm³ \n-sâ Zq-X-\m-sW-¶v \n-\-¡-dn-bmw.ti-jw B [m-c-am-]{Xw ssI-bn-se-Sp- {]-hm-N-I³ Xn-cp-I-c-§Ä sIm-v "ssZ-h-ZqX³ "F-¶ `m-Kw am-bv- p-I-f-ªp.F-¶n-«v A-en d tbm-Sv ]-d-ªp."Xm-sg ]-d-bp-¶-hm-Wvvvvvvv ap-l-½-Zv-_vvv\p A-ÐpÃmbpw kp-ssl-ep-_v-\p Awdpw D-S¼-Sn sNbv-X Im-cy-§-Ä".AÃm-lp-hm-Wv kv-Xyw,Cu sN-bv-Xn sImvv Xn-cp-\-_n-bp-sS {]-hm-N-IXzw AÃm-lp \n-¡n-bn-«nÃ.i-cnb-tÃ F¶ tNm-Zy-¯n-\v A-tX F-¶-hÀ D¯-cw ]-dªp. H-¶m-a-s¯ NÀ- m hvnj-bw:C-_vv-\p A-ºm-kv d A-h-cn-te-¡v I-S-¶p h-¶p.A-hÀ C-t§m-«p h-cm³ Im- n-cp-¶nÃ.AYhm \-½p-sS ]pXn-b Np-äp-]m-Sp-I-fn-epw ]p-Xp-Xm-bn D-S-se-Sp-¡p-¶ B-i-b K-Xn-I-sf-bpw,X-Xz-Nn- m k-am-lm-c-§-sfbpw a-ävvv ssh-Imcn-I hn-j-b-§-sfbpw k-kp-£v-aw \n-c-o£n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw hn-e-bn-cp- p-¶-Xn-\pw \-½p-sS Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ kw-hn-[m-\w B-h-iy-am-sW¶vv \mw a-\-Ên-em-¡p¶p. tI-h-e \n-co-£-W- n-\p-]p-dta, A-h-cp-sS B-i-b-K-Xn-Ifpw {]-[m-\-Im-gv- -¸m-Sp-Ifpw kw-{K-ln-¡m\pw A-h-bp-sS hn-e-bn-cp- -en¶pw B-i-b-hn-\n-a-b-¯n\pw Xo-cpam-\ {]-Jym-]-\- n\pw \mw k-¶-²-cm-hWw. ]n-¶o-Sv Cu im-kv-{Xo-b hn-aÀ-i-\w Bhm-Z-K-Xn-¡mÀ-¡v \mw k-aÀ-¸n-¡p-Ibpw thWw. c-ma-s¯ NÀ- m-hn-j-bw: hn-Nn-{X-am-b H-cp C-S-s]-S-em-Wv Cu kw-hm-Z-¯n-\p-Xn-c-sª-Sp¯-Xv . Imc-Ww A-t±-lw X-sâ G-

43

ähpw ap´n-b c-v b-a-\o h-kv-{X-§-fm-Wv [-cn- -Xv. B-i-b-]-cam-b H-cp kw-hm-Z-¯nÂ F- m-Wv Cu H-cp hy-h-lm-c- n-sâ ]-¦v? F- m-Wv C¯-cw H-cp {]-hÀ- n-¡v A-t±-l- n-¶v t{]-c-W-bmbXv?

Im-cWw A-h-cp-sS {i-² £-Wn-¡-W-sa-¶v C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv D-tZ-in- p. A-h-cp-sS Nn- bpw Im-gv-N- m-Spw D-±o-]n-X-am-h-W-sa¶pw A-t±-lw B-{K-ln¨p. {]-hm-N-I N-cy-bnÂ \n¶pw A-hn-S-s¯ kz- m-h-Kp-W-§-fnÂ \n¶pw A-hÀ ssItam-iw h-cp-¯n-b-Xn-sâ hn-j-b-¯nÂ Ah-sc sX-cy-s¸-Sp- m\pw A-t±-lw Xo-cp-am-\n¨p. ta¯-cw hv-k{Xw [-cn¡p-I h-gn ku-µcy-t_m-[w Pz-en- n- p \nÀ- m-\pw, _m-ly-amb B {]-I-S-\- n-sâ A- m-hw H-cp {Ita-W Nn- m-co-Xn-tbbpw hn-iI-e\ ssi-en-I-sfbpw ]-tcm-£-am-bn _m-[n-t -¡mw. A§-s\ {I-a-c-ln-Xhpw h-{Io-Ir-X-hpam-b a-X- n-sâ D-Zm-¯ e-£y-§fpw B-ßmhpw hn-\-ã-am-b-Xp-am-b B-i-b-§Ä D-S-se-Sp-¡-Ibpw sN-¿pw. JpÀ-B-\p-²-cn-¡p-¶ A-kv-lm-_pÂ I-lv-^n-sâ kw- mj-Ww k-am-\am-b Nn-´m-K-Xn-bp-sS t\À-cq-]-am-Wv. A-hÀ ]d-ªp "(H-cmÄ ]-«-W-¯nÂ t]m-bn )ap´n-b `£-Ww I-s-¯n A-XnÂ \n-¶v \n-§Ä-¡v `p-Pn-¡m-\pÅ-Xv sIm-v h-cs«, A-h³ {i-²-sN-ep- p-Ibpw sN-¿-s« (I-lv- v 19).309 hÀj-s¯ ZoÀ-Lam-b i-b-\- n-\p ti-jw F-gp-t¶Â- n-¡-s -Sp-t¼mÄ hr-¯n-bp-ÅXpw A-Xn ip-²hpw D-¶-X-\n-e-hm-c-ap-ÅXpw X-s¶ `-£-W-am-bn th-W-sa-¶-hÀ iTn-¡m³ Im-c-Ww, A-hÀ ap-¼v Po-hn-X- nÂ `-£-W-¯nepw h-kv-{X- nepw B-co-Xn-sb A-\p-[mh-\w sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv X-§-fpsS Cu-co-Xn -e-h-¯m-bn F-¶-Xm-Wv hm-kv-Xhw. A]m-c t{]m-tIm-]n-X-cm-Ip-hm\pw A-h-cp-sS {i-²-bpm-IÀ-jn-¡p-hm\pw Ah-sc ]n-Sn- p \nÀ- m\pw X-sâ

44

_m-ly- m-hw sIm-v A-t±-l-¯n-\v km-[n- p. A-t±l-s¯ I--bp-S³ C-_v-\p A-ºm-kn-\p kzm-K-Xw F-¶p- -cn- v A-hÀ A-t±l-s¯ kzo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw C-sX- p-th-j-am-sW-¶v A-Ûp-X-w-Iq-dp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. \-_n Xn-cp-ta-\n C-Xnepw ap´n-b h-kv-{Xw-§Ä [-cn-¡p¶-Xv Rm³ I-n-«p-s¶pw ]n-s¶ \n-§Ä F-t¶m-Sn§-s\ tNm-Zn-¡m-s\- n-cn-¡p-¶p sh-¶pw ]-d-ª-ti-jw A-t±lw " AÃm-lp X-sâ A-Sn-a-IÄ-¡m-bn H-cp¡n-b kp-µ-c h-kv-Xp-¡Ä \n-tj-[n-¡p-¶-hÀ B-cmWv" F-¶ JpÀ-B³ hN-\w ]m-cmb-Ww sN-bvXp. Cu H-cp B-ap-J- n-eq-sS kX-s¶ A-h-cn-se Nn- m-ti-jnbpw A-t\z-j-W Xz-c-sbbpw D-±o-]n-¸n-¡m\pw {Ita-W A-hÀ \n-tj-[w sNbv-sXm-¶pw, hn-¹-h-ap-m-¡n-sb-¶pw A-Xn ITn-\am-b \n-e-]m-Sp kzo-I-cn-¨p-sh-¶pw, F-¶n-«v A-hÀ-Zo-\n-tk-h-I-sc-¶ t]-cnÂ kz-bw A-h-X-cn-¡p-Ibpw Aen (d)hn-s\-¡mfpw A-dnhpw bm-YmÀ-°y-hpw DÄ-sIm-Åp-¶-h-cm-sW-¶v hm-Zn- p-sh-¶pw im- -am-bn Ah-sc t_m-[y-s¸-Sp- n. b-YmÀ-°- n-Â Nn-e ]-cn-an-Xam-b hn-j-b- nÂ, A-dn-hnÃmbv-a aq-e-apm-b ]n-Sn-hm-in-bpw, k-a-{Kam-b co-Xn-bnÂ {]-hm-N-I N-cy DÄ-sIm-Åm-bv-a-bp-Wn-Xn-\p Im-c-sW-sa¶pw A-t±-lw k-aÀ-°n¨p. \Ã-co-Xnbpw ssi-en-bpw B-Im-c-hpw \-½p-sS Nn- m [m-cI-sf kzm-[o-\n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶p A-t±-lw Im-Wn- p sIm-Sp- p. C-Xp X-s¶-bm-Wv C¶-s¯ Xo-{hhm-Z {]-Øm-\-§Ä¡pw kw- -hn-¡p-¶Xv. ]-cp-¡\pw {Z-hn- p-Xp-S-§n-b-Xpam-b th-j-hn-[m-\-§-fnÂ A-hÀ P-\-¯n-\p-ap-¶nÂ {]-Xy-£-s -Sp¶p. Cu ]m-cp-jy-am-Wv {]-hm-N-I N-cy-sb-¶v A-hÀ {]-N-cn- n-¡p¶p. kw-i-b-te-i-at\y C-X-h-cp-sS Zo-\o ]T-\ hn-i-I-e-§-fnepw {]-Xn- -en¡p-I X-s¶ sN-¿pw. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv A-h-tcm-Sv ]-d-ªn-tÃ.....

45

aq-¶ma-s¯ NÀ- m-hnj-bw : X-sâ hn-iI-e\ ssi-en-bp-sS i-ànbpw t{i-jvT-Xbpw HmÀ-½-s -Sp- nbpw A-h-cp-sS ho-£-W K-Xn-bp-sS t]m-cm-bv-a-Ifpw tIm-«-§fpw A-]-cym-]v-X-X-Ifpw Nq-n-Im-Wn¨p. A-t±-lw hm-Zw Xp-S§n, A-t±-lw ]dªp "Rm³ h-cp-¶-Xv............". X-§-fp-sS B-i-b-Zm-cn-{Zyhpw ]m-]-c-Xzhpw A-hÀ-¡p A-Sp- p t_m-Zy-s -Sp- p-¶-Xn-\m-bn A-t±-lw A-h-cp-sS ssi-en-bp-sS t]m-cm-bv-a-IÄ \nc- n sh¨p. A-Xp-kzm- m-hn-I-ambpw A-h-sc- n-t¨À-¶n-«p-Å \n-K-a-\-§-sfbpw Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-sfbpw {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn _m-[n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pw. X-§Ä F-XnÀ-¡p-Ibpw \n-tj-[n-I-sf-¶v hn-ti-jn- n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶ a-dp hn- m-K- n-\p-Å D-¶-Xamb ssh-Úm\n-I ]-Ým- -e-s¯-bpw, A-en(d) \p Np-äp-apÅ ssh-Úm\n-I km-l-N-cy-§-sf-bpw km-[q-I-cn-¡p-¶ e-£-W-§-sfbpw A-t±-lw A-hÀ-¡p Ah-sb hn-i-Z-am-¡n-s¡m-Sp¯p. Xm-sg ]-d-bp-¶ Im-cy-§Ä A-en(d)sâ ]-£-¯n-\p {]m-am-Wn-I-Xbpw kzo-Im-cy-Xbpw \Â-Ip-¶p-sh-¶v A-t±-lw hy-à-am¡n. H-¶v: {]-hm-N-Im-\p-bm-bn-IÄ ap-gp-h³ A-en(d)\v Npäpw A-Wn-\n-c-¶n-cn-¡p¶p. A-Xv A-t±-l-¯n-sâ Im-Â-]m-Sn-\p-Å A-Xyp-¶-Xam-b H-cp Aw-Ko-Im-cw X-s¶-bmWv. c-v : A-h-cn-em-Wv JpÀ-B³ A-h-XoÀ-W-am-bXv. A-Xn-d§n-b km-l-N-cy-§Ä¡pw D-t±-iy-e-£y-§Ä¡pw A-hÀ km-£n-Ifpw JpÀ-B-\n-s\ F§-s\ {]-tbm-K-h-Xv-I-cn¡-Ww F-¶-XnÂ \n-]p-Wn-I-fp-am-WhÀ. {]-hm-N-I k-hn-[-¯nÂ \n-¶v JpÀ-B-\n-sâ D-Å-d-Ifpw hn-iI-e\ ssi-en-Ifpw A-\- n-c-sa-Sp- -h-cm-WhÀ. aq-¶v: A-h-cm-Wv A-Xn-sâ hym-Jym-\- n-se A-Xn-ImbÀ. Imc-Ww A-d-_n `m-j-bp-sS D-Å-d-IÄ sXm-«-dn-bp-¶n-S¯pw {]-hm-N-I km-ao-]y- n-sâ a-lXzw t\-Sp-¶-Xnepw ap-t¼-\-S-¶-h-cm-WhÀ.

46

JpÀ-B-\n-sâ e-£y-§-sf-Ip-dn- v DÄ-Im-gv- -bpw, A-Xn-sâ b-YmÀ-° B-i-bw k-aÀ-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-epw Ir-Xyam-b km-l-N-cy- nÂ A-Xn-s\ {]-tbm-K-h-Xv-I-cn-¡m\pw A-t§b-äw hn-iz-kv-X-cm-WhÀ. A-Xn-\p ]pd-sa JpÀ-B-\n-\p tN-cm-¯ B-i-b-§Ä A-Xn-te-¡v tNÀ-¡-s¸-S-en-s\ A-hÀ A-t§b-äw kq-£n-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-cp¶p. \mev: \n-§-fnÂ A-h-cnÂ \n-¶m-cp-anÃ. F-Xn-cp-]-d-ªmÂ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp ]-ÞnX-s\ t]mepw \n-§Ä Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-¶nÃ. a-dn- v ssi-i-h N-]-e-am-b H-cp B-th-i-am-Wv \n§-sf \-bn-¡p-¶Xv. A-hn-sS \n-§Ä-¡v hn-Zym-am-\-Z-Þ-§-sf-¡p-dn- v Nn-´-bnÃ. tIm-t]m-·p-Jhpw km-l-cy-kr-ãn-bp-am-Wv \n-§-fp-sS B-i-b§Ä. \n-§-fp-sS F-XnÀ ]-£-¯n-sâ A- n-{]m-b K-XnI-sf km-[q-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-sb kzm-[o-\n-¡p-I-bpw sNbv-X L-S-I-§Ä \n-§Ä ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-¡p-¶nÃ. bm-YmÀ-°y§-sf DÄ-sIm-Åm³ \n-§Ä tbm-Ky-sc-¶v \n-§Ä [-cn- p-h-im-bn-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶p am-{X-aÃ \n-§-sf-¡mÄ I-gn-hp-ä ]-Þn-X\n-c \Â-¡Xs¶ Cu tPm-en \n-§-fnÂ \n-£n-]v-X-am-sW¶pw h-sc \n-§Ä [-cn- n-cn-¡p¶p. F-{X-Km-Vhpw kq-£-a-hpam-b co-Xn-bn-eq-sS C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv Xo-{h,A-hn-izm-k h-XvI-c-W \n-e-]m-SpI-sf X-IÀ- p-I-f-ªXv. hf-sc kp-µ-c-am-bn A-hÀ-¡v ]n-Wªp-t]m-b A-_-²-§Ä A-h-cp-sS {i-²-bnÂ-s]-Sp- m\pw A-t±-l-¯n-\p I-gnªp. \m-ema-s¯ NÀ- m hnjbw : A-dn-hn-sâ \nc- -c \yq-X-\-h-Xv-I-c-W-amWv Cu-kw- -h- n-se \m-ema-s¯ Im-cyw. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) A-h-cn-te-¡v A-t§m-«v sN-¶v kw-hm-Z-¯n-\p ap-¶n-«n-d§n, A-hÀ X-t¶m-Sv A- n-{]m-b-am-cm-bm³ Im-¯p-\n-¶nÃ, B-fp-IÄ X-t¶m-Sv A-Xn-s\ Ip-dn- v tNm-Zn¡-s« F-¶p i-¦n- nÃ. CXv, k-

47

aq-l- n-se ]Þn-X t\-Xr-Xzw, A-hn-sS D-S-se-Sp-¡p-¶ {]-Øm-\-§-sfbpw Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-sfbpw \n-c´-cw kq-£-a \n-co-£-W hn-i-I-e-\-§Ä-¡v hn-t[-b-am-¡-W-sa-¶pw Ah-sb Xn-cn- -dn-hn-sâ {Xm-knÂ Xpe-\w \S- n hn-[n ]-d-b-W-sa-¶pw tZym-Xn- n-¡p¶p. A-©ma-s¯ NÀ- m-hn-jbw: C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv A-Xyp-¶-Xam-b H-cp co-Xn-sb ]-co-£n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p. C-hn-sS X-§-fp-sS \n-e-]m-Sn-\p \n-Zm-\-am-bXpw Im-gv- -¸m-Sn-sâ A-Sn- -d-bp-am-b hm-Z-K-XnI-sf A-t²-lw ¢n-]v-X-s -Sp¯n. ti-jw A-h-X-s¶-bmWvv A-h-cp-sS am-\-Z-Þ-sa-¶v A-hsc-sIm-v k-½-Xn-¸n- p. A-h-cw-Kn-I-cn- -Xn-¶pw CÃm-sX a-säm-s¶-¦n-epw D-tm F-¶v ho-pw tNm-Zn- v C-sÃ-¶v D-d- p-h-cp- p-Ibpw Ah-sc sIm--Xw-Ko-I-cn- n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvvXp. ]n-¶o-Sv hn-j-b-§Ä `-{Z-am-bn Øn-c-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw hn-i-I-e-\-hpw B-i-b-hn-\n-a-bhpw B-h-iyam-b Ø-e-§Ä F-Sp- p-Im-«n Nn- -Ifpw \n-e-]m-Sp-Ifpw Nn-¶- n-¶-am-hm-sX A-h-cp-sS D-t±-iy-§Ä-¡-\p-kr-X-am-bn hm-Z-K-Xn-IÄ B-hÀ- n- p. ti-j-am-Wv A-t±-lw Ah-sb X-sâ A-dn-hn-sâ {Xm-knÂ Xpe-\w sN-bv-Xp-Xp-S-§n-bXv. A-h-cp-sS Nn- -bn-se ]n-g-hp-IÄ A-t±-lw A-hÀ-¡p t_m-[y-s¸-Sp¯n. Ch-sb {]m-am-Wn-Ihpw C-_v-\p-A-ºm-kv(d)Xp-S-§n-sh¨ ssi-en-bp-am-sW-¶v \mw a-\-Ên-em-¡p¶p. kzm- m-hn-I-ambpw C¯-cw k-¼qÀ-Whpw k-a-{K-hpam-b co-Xn-IÄ \-½p-sS ssh-Úm\n-I a-Þ-e-§-fnepw \-S-¸n-em-t¡-n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. \-ap-¡v kq-£-aam-b \n-co-£-W- kw-hn-[m-\-ap-m-h-Ww.A-h A- n-\-h C-Éman-I hn- m-K§-sf \n-co-£n-¡-Ibpw A-h-cp-sS {K-Ù-§fpw _u-²n-I-kr-ãn-Ifpw A-h-temI-\w sN-¿p-Ibpw thWw. A§-s\ km-am-\y-P-\-§-fp-sS co-Xn-Ifpw \-b-\n-e-]m-Sp-Ifpw s]m-Xp-P-\ ka-£w k-aÀ- n-¡p-Ibpw th-Wvw.

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G-gma-s¯ NÀ-¨m hn-j-bw: 'lm-In-an-¿¯n' sâ hn-j-b-am-Wv A-hÀ X-§-fp-sS ap-Jy-hn-j-b-am-bn D-bÀ-¯n-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶Xv. C-¶p \-½p-sS Xo-{h-Nn- m-[m-c-Ifpw ap-Jy-hn-j-b-am-¡p¶-Xv A-Xp-X-s¶-bm-W-tÃm. AY-hm \mw \n-e-sIm-Åp¶-Xv A-¶-t¯-Xn-\p k-am-\am-b Nn- m-[m-c-bp-sS k-a-£- nÂ X-s¶-bm-Wv. A-Xn-\p-m-bn-cp-¶ ap-gp-h³ hn-ti-j-W-§fpw kz- m-h-Kp-W-§fpw C-h-cnepw {]-I-S-amWv. X-sâ kp-µ-camb ssi-en-bn-eq-sS JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw B-i-bv-§fpw \n-e-]m-Sp-Ifpw cq-]-s¸-Sp- -¶-Xn-sâ co-Xn-im-kv{Xw A-t±-lw A-hÀ-¡p Im-Wn- p-sIm-Sp- p.A-hÀ JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw tIh-ew hm-¡p-Isftbm hm-NI-§tfm Häs -« kwÚ-Itfm A-SÀ- n-sb-Sp-¡p-Ibpw kam-\ hn-j-b- n-se C-X-c ]-cm-aÀi-§tfm kqà-§tfm I-s-¯m³ A-hÀ £-a Im-Wn- n-sÃ¶pw AY-hm A-hÀ A-Xv sN-bv-Xv X-s¶-¦nÂ b-YmÀ-° JpÀ-B\n-I ZÀi-\w A-hÀ-¡v sh-fn-s¸-Sp-am-bn-cp-¶-sh-¶pw A-Xp-m-bn-cp-s¶-¦nÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ \n¶pw \-ap-s¡Ãmw H-tc B-i-bhpw ZÀ-i-\hpw I-s- m-\p-hp-am-bn-cp-s¶¶pw A-t±-lw ]-dªp. C-_v-\p A-ºm-kn-sâ \yq-\-X-I-fpw, A-]-{K-Y-\ co-Xn-bn-se t]m-cm-bv-a-Ifpw Nm-]-ey-§fpw A-hÀ-¡p t_m-[y-s -Sp-Ibpw X-§-fp-sS \n-e-]m-Sn-s\ km-[q-I-cn-¡p-¶bm-sXm¶pw A-hÀ-¡p I-s- m-\p-am-bnÃ.

C-_v-\p A-ºm-kn-\v AÃm-lp {]-Xn -ew \Â-Ip-Ibpw A-t±-l- n-\p Xr-]v-Xn \Â-Ip-Ibpw sN-¿s«. A-t±-lw \-ap-¡v H-cp A-Sn- -d-bn-«p X-cn-Ibpw Xo-{h Nn- m-K-XnI-sf D-·qe-\w sN-¿p-¶-Xn-epw,b-YmÀ-° hn-Úm-\w {]-tbm-K-h-X-v-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw sXäm-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-IÄ JpÀ-B\n-t\m-Sv tNÀ-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-s\-Xn-sc Pm-K-cq-I-cm-hp-¶-Xn\pw B-h-iyam-b H-cp hn-i-I-e-\-co-Xn A-t±-lw \-s½ GÂ-]n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p¶p.

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Pmln-en-¿Xpw kw-L-«-\- n-sâ A-\n-hm-cy-X-bpw :

k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzv-_v Pm-ln-en-¿-Xp-am-bn _-Ô-s -« X-sâ \n-e-]m-Sv cq-]n-I-cn- n-cn-¡p¶-Xv X-\n-¡v Kp-cp-X-cam-b ho-gv-N-IÄ ]än-b Nn-e hn-j-b§-sf A-SnØm-\ s -Sp- n-bm-Wv. G-sd B-i-b-¡p-g- -§-fp-Å Nn-e Im-gv-N- m-Sp-I-fn-eq-¶n X-sâ \q-äm-n-sâ P-\-X-Xn-sb ap-gp-h³ kv-Xy-\n-tj-[- n-\v k-am-\am-b Pm-ln-en-¿m-¡-sf-¶v A-t±-lw hn-[n-sg-bpXn.

Pm-ln-en-¿-Xv F-¶ X-sâ Im-gv-N-¸m-SnÂ h-en-b Hu-Õp-Iy-am-Wv k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v Im-Wn- Xv. A-Xn-\p {]-Nm-chpw {i-²bpw A-t±-lw \Â-Ip-Ibpw \n-c´-cw X-sâ {K-Ù-§-fnÂ A-Xm-hÀ-¯n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. A-§-s\ '^o fn-em-enÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ" am{Xw Pm-ln-en-¿ F-¶ ]-Zw 1740 {]m-hiyw IS-¶p h¶p. H-cp t]-PnÂ X-s¶ G-gp {]m-hiyw h-sc {]-kvXp-X hm-¡v I-s-¯m-\m-bn. A-sX ka-bw sh-fn¨-s¯ kq-Nn- n-¡p-¶ '\qÀ' F-¶ ]Zw ' ^o fn-em-enÂ' B-sI h-¶n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv 435 {]m-h-iy-amWv. C-sXm-cp {]m-Yan-I kq-Nn-I-bm-Wv. H-cp ]-s£ C-Xv H¶pw kq-Nn- n-¡p-¶nÃm-bn-cn-¡mw. ]-s£ X-sâ _p-²n-bnepw Nn- -bn-epw Im-gv-N-¸m-Snepw c-N-\-I-fnepw \nc- -c km-¶n[yw t\-Sp-¶ "Pm-ln-en-¿ Nn- "sb Nn´-¡v A-Xp \Â-Ip-¶ kq-N-\ A-h-K-W-¡m-hXÃ.

am-\-h-Ip-e-¯n-\p th-n \n-b-a-kwln-X AÃm-lp-hnÂ-\n-¶pÅ-Xp am-{X-am-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶ hn-izm-k-]-cam-b Im-cy-s¯-bpw, IÀ-a-im-kv-{X-]-cam-b \n-b-a-§Ä {]m-hÀ- n-I-am-¡-en-s\-bpw, H-cp t]m-se A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw IÀ-½ im-kv-{X \n-b-a ]me-\w \n-_-Ô-\IÄ, {]-Xn-_-Ô§Ä, km-lN-cy ZuÀ-e`yw Xp-S-§n-b Im-cy-§-fp-am-bn _-Ôn-X-am-bn-cn-¡X-s¶ tI-h-eam-b

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IÀ-½-im-kv-{X-]-cam-b \-S-¸n-em.... A-SnØm-\ hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn Iq-«n-Ipd- v A-Xn-s\ a-X-\n-tj-[- n³ Im-c-W-am-bn A-h-X-cn- n-¨p F¶-Xv k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzq-_n-\v ]n-W-ª `o-am-_-²-amWv. Cu A_-²w X-s¶-bm-Wv hn-izm-k- n-sâ A-Sn- -d-I-fnÂ IÀ-a-s¯bpw im-Jm-]-cam-b Im-cy-§-sfbpw DÄ-s]-Sp- m\pw A-t±l-s¯ t{]-cn-¸n- -Xv. IÀ½-s¯ hn-izm-k- n-sâ A- n-hm-Py `m-K-am-bn-¡mWp-I F¶-Xv J-hm-cn-Pp-I-fp-sS hm-Z-K-Xn-bm-Wv-Xm-\pw. A§-s\ A-hÀ ]m-]w sIm-v P-\§-sf ssZ-h \n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡n. XoÀ-¶nÃ a-Xw \ne- -t]m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p sh¶pw , Xm³ kz-bw \nÀ-h-Nn-s -Sp-¯ hn-izm-kn hn- m-Khpw C-X-c hn- m-K-§fpw X-½nÂ kw-L«-\w A-\n-hm-cy-am-sW-¶p Xp-S-§n-b hm-Z-K-Xn-I-sfÃmw B A_-²w h-gn h-¶p ]n-W-ª-h-bmWv. Cu hn-j-b-§Ä \mw Xm-sg {]-Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-Im-bWv.

1.A-SnØm-\ hn-izm-k {]-am-W-§-sfbpw im-Jm-]-cam-b Im-cy-§-sfbpw Iq-«n-I-eÀ- Â. " fn-em-enÂ" k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v ]-dªp. hn-izm-k- n-sâ A-XnÀ-h-c-¼p-IÄ Po-hn-X- n-sâ ap-gp-h³ h-i-§-sfbpw DÄ-sIm-Åp-hm³ hn-im-e-hpw kÀ-Æ-hym-]n-bp-amWv. lm-In-an-¿n- n-sâ hnj-bw A-Xn-sâ FÃm D-]-im-J-I-tfmSpw Iq-sS C-Ém-anÂ H-cp A-SnØm-\ hn-izm-k-hpam-b hn-j-b-amWv. kz`m-h ]-cam-b hn-j-b-§fpw sam-¯- nÂ A-SnØm-\ hn-izm-k- n-sâ hn-j-b-am-sW-¶ t]mse.

C-Xv `o-I-cm-_-²-amWv. kz- m-h-]-cam-b hn-j-b§-sf hn-izm-k ]-c-am-b-XnÂ I-S- n-Iq-«p¶-Xv i-cnbÃ. [mÀ-an-Iam-b G-sX-¦nepw Im-cy-¯nÂ hogv-N h-cp- -¶h-s\ \n-tj-[n-¡m³, kz- m-hn-I-am-bpw, A-Xv Im-c-W-am-hpw. hn-izm-kw lr-Zy-]-c-am-sW-¶-Xm-Wv A-lv-ep-Êp-¶ hÂ P-am-A-bp-sS hn-izmkw. IÀ-aw A-Xn-sâ N-«-¡q-Sn-\p ]p-d- mWv. hn-izm-k-]-chpw IÀ-½-]-c-hpam-b

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Im-cy-§Ä-¡n-S-bnÂ k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v \-S¯n-b k-¦-e-\-amWv, Cu-am-\n-sâ A-Sn- -d-bnvÂ ]pXn-b hn-j-b-§Ä I-S- n Iq-«m³ h-gn-sh- Xv.

2. Zo-\n-sâ A-Sn-¯-d-I-fnÂ ]p-Xn-b-Xp-kr-ãn-¡Â : AÃm-lp-hn-s\ hn-[n-\nÀ-W-b hn-Im-c-¯nÂ G-I-\m¡p-I(Xu-lo-ZpÂ lm-In-an-¿) F-¶ t]-cnÂ Zo-\n A-Sn- -d-I-fnÂ ]p-XpXm-sbm-¶p ]-S- p-m-¡p-Ibpw A-Xn-sâ a-dp-hi- v lm-In-an-¿- nÂ ]-¦p-Im-sc-tNÀ-¡Â(inÀ-¡pÂ lm-In-an-¿)A-h-X-cn- n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp_v. AÃm-lp-hn-\p hn-[n \nÀ-W-b- nÂ G-I-Xzw IÂ-]n-¡-epw, {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn IÀ-½-im-kv-{X hn-[n-IÄ \-S- n-em-¡-en-s\bpw Iq-«n-¡p-g- -Xm-Wv C-hn-sS A-SnØm-\ hn-j-bw.

fn-em-enÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ A-t±-lw ]-d-ªp : "\n-b-a \nÀ-am-Ww F¶-Xv AÃm-lp-hn-sâ hn-[n-\nÀ-W-bm-[n-Im-c-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s -«-XmWv. C-Xmh-s« hn-izm-k- n-sâ A-Sn-¯-d-bp-amWv". Xp-SÀ-¶p A-t±-lw ]-d-bp-¶p: "\n-b-a \À-½m-W-hpw, hn-[n-\nÀ-W-bm-[n-Im-chpw a-Xhpw hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« A-SnØm-\ hn-j-b-§Ä X-s¶-bm-Wv Øn-co-I-cn-¡m-\m-bm-Wn-Xv". A-t±-lw hopw ]-d-bp¶p: " D-eq-ln-¿-¯n-sâ Xu-loZpw dp-_q-_n-¿- n-sâ Xu-lo-Zpw, J-Æm-a-Xn-sâ Xu-lo-Zpw, lm-In-an-¿- n-sâ Xu-lo-Zpw, a-kv`-dp È-co-A-bn-se Xu-lo-Zpw, Pohn-X co-Xn-bn-se Xu-lo-Zpw, G-sXm-cp Zn-i-bnemtWm P-\-§Ä k-a-{Kam-b k-aÀ -Ww \-S-¯p-¶-Xv A-Xn-se Xu-loZv, Cu Xu-lo-Zn-\m-bm-Wv C-{X-b-[n-Iw {]-hm-N-IÀ \n-tbm-Kn-X-cm-b-Xpw, C-{X-tb-sd A-[zm-\w hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡-s -«-Xpw. Im-e-§-fm-bn H-«-\h-[n Xm-U-\ ]o-V-\ ]À-Æ-§Ä Xr-W-h-Xv-K-Wn-¡-s¸-«-Xpw. b-YmÀ-°- nÂ AÃm-hn-\p B-h-iy-ap-m-bn«Ã, Imc-Ww A-h³ kz-bw ]-cym-]v-X-\m-W-

52

tÃm?. A-t±-lw ho-pw ]-d-ªp: " H-cp Ime- v P-\-§Ä AÃm-lp-hn-sâ A-Øn-Xz-s¯ \n-tj-[n-¡p-Itbm ssZ-hn-I-Xz-¯n-sâ {]m-Yan-I X-Xz§-sf \n-cm-I-cn-¡p-Itbm sN-bv-Xn-«nÃ. A-]qÀ-Æw Nn-e hy-àn-IÄ A-Xy-]qÀ-ham-b Nn-e km-l-N-cy-§-fnÂ D-m-b-sXm-gnsI. F-¶mÂ A-h-cp-sS c-£n-Xm-hn-sâ bm-YmÀ°yw a-\-kn-em-¡p-¶n-S- m-Wv A-hÀ-¡v ]n-g-hp ]-äp-¶-Xv. A-sÃ-¦nÂ hn-izm-k¯ntem B-cm-[-\bn-tem, hn-[n-\nÀ-W-bm-[n-Im-c¯ntem A-hÀ ]-¦p-tNÀ-¡p-I-bm-Wv sN-¿p-¶Xv. C-Xp c-p-am-h-s« a-X-¯nÂ \n-¶p ]pd- p t]m-hp-¶ inÀ-¡p X-s¶-bm-Wv".

a-X-im-k-\-IÄ A-\p-k-cn-¡-epw, IÀ-½ im-kv-{X-hn-[n-hn-e-¡p-I-fp-saÃmw A-t±-lw A-SnØm-\ hn-izm-k Im-cy-§-tfm-Sp Xp-ey-s¸-Sp- n-bn-cn¡p-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS. im-Jm-]-cam-b A¯-cw Im-cy§-sf ho-gv-N-IÄ-¡v inÀ-s¡¶pw ssZ-h \n-tj-[-sa¶pw A-bmÄ \n-cp-]m-[n-Iw t]-cp ]-dªp. C-Xv AXo-h Kp-cp-X-cam-b hn-e-bmWv.

A-t±-lw Xp-S-cp-¶p " a-\p-jy N-cn-{X- n-ep-S-\o-fw CÉmw A-\p-im-kn-¡p-¶ ssk-²m´n-I A-Sn- -d k-Xy-km-£y- n-tâ-XmWv. A-Ym-hm D-eq-ln-¿- nepw dp-_q-_n-¿- nepw lm-In-an-¿-¯n-epw, A-[n-Im-c- n-epw, \n-b-{´-W-¯n-ep-saÃmw A-Sn-bp-d- hn-izm-k-hpw, B-cm-[-\-bnÂ ]-cn-]qÀ-W hn-t[-b-Xzhpw X-cp-¶-Xv. AXp-sIm-p X-s¶ \-tS ]-d-ª A-Sn-Øm-\-]-chpw k-a-{K-hpam-b co-Xn-bn-ep-Å apÉnw A-apÉnw ]-cn-IÂ-]-\-IÄ-¡v A-Sn-¯-d-bm-hp-¶ co-Xn-bp-sS ]qÀ-¯o-I-c-W- n-eq-sS-bÃm-sX k-Xy-km£yw km-[y-am-hp-Itbm D-s-¶p ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s -Sp-Itbm sN-¿m-h-XÃ.

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A-Yhm, C-hn-sS A-t±-lw IÀ-a-t¯mSpw Nn-Ó-§-tfmSpw A-\z-cn-¡m- k-Xy-km-£- n-\v H-cp hn-e-bpw IÂ-]n-¡p-t¶-bnÃ. C-Xv s]m-Xp-apÉnw k-aq-l- n-sâ Im-ev-]m-Sn-\p hn-cp-²-amWv. Imc-Ww A-hÀ D-Ån-sâ-bp-Ån-se A-Sn-bp-d- hn-izm-k-¯n-\p IÀ½w, ]qÀ-W-X-bp-sS ]qÀ-W-X-¡p-d-hn-sâbpw A-Sn-Øm-\- nÂ am-{X-am-Wv am-\-Z-Þ-am-¡n-bn-«p-ÅXv. AY-hm IÀ-½- n-se t]m-cm-bv-a-I-fpw, IÀ-½ ZuÀ-e- yhpw G-I-ssZ-h hn-izmk-s¯ l-\n-¡p-¶ L-S-I-am-bn A-hÀ ]-cn-K-Wn- n-t«-bnÃ.

k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v hopw ]-d-bp¶p "D-¶-X\m-b AÃm-lp-hn-\p 'lm-In-an-¿-XnÂ' G-IXzw \Â-Im-¯hÀ, A-hÀ G-Xp-Im-e-¯m-bmepw Ø-e- m-bm-epw, ap-iv-cn-¡p-IÄ Xs¶. AÃm-lp G-I-\m-sW-¶ A-h-cp-sS tI-h-e hn-izm-k-tam, tI-h-eam-b B-cm-[\-I-tfm Ah-sc inÀ-¡nÂ \n-¶p ap-à-cm-¡p-I-bnÃ. Cu L-«-¯nÂ A-hÀ ssZ-hn-I k-tµ-iw \n-e- Im-e-L-«- n-se B-fp-I-sf-t¸m-se-bm-Wv. Ah-sc Bcpw ap-Énw-I-fm-bn ]-cn-K-W-¡p-¶nÃ-tÃm? H-cp ]c-¼-c ]qÀ- n-¡p-t¼m-gmWv, AY-hm hn-kz-k- n-te¡pw IÀ-½ N-cy-bn-te-¡pw lm-In-a-¿-Xn-se AÃm-lp-hn-sâ G-IXzw tNÀ-¡p-Ibpw AÃm-lp-hnÂ \n-¶Ãm-sX D-m-bn-«p-Å k-I-e-\n-b-a-§-fp-sS-bpw, hn-[n-I-fp-sS-bpw, aq-ey-§-fp-sS-bpw, A-\p-I-d-W-§-f-D-sSbpw ]qÀ-W-ambpw \n-c-kn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-t¼m-gm-Wv B-fp-IÄ ap-Énw-I-fm-bn K-Wn-¡-s -Sp-¶-Xv. C-Xv am-{X-am-Wv C-Émw.

A-t±-lw Xp-S-cp-¶p " k-Xy km-£y- nÂ" A-[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv C-Ém-an-se hn-izmkw. Cu km-£y- n-eq-sS apÉnw k-I-e h-kv-Xp-¡-sfbpw B-cm-[y-cp-sS ]-«n-I-bnÂ \n-¶v ]p-dw X-Åp-Ibpw B-cm-[-\ AÃm-lp-hn-\p-am-{X-am-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p¶p. Xp-SÀ-¶v lm-In-an-¿- nÂ \n-¶v ap-gp-h³ kr-ãn-I-sf-bpw ]n-gp-X-am-

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än AXpw ]qÀ-W-am-bn A-h³ AÃm-lp-hn-\p am-{X-am-¡p-¶p. sN-dp Im-cy-§-fpw h-en-b-Im-cy-§-fp-saÃmw Cu A-[n-Im-c-¯nÂ k-aw X-s¶-bm-Wv. G-Xp Im-cy- nepw ap-Én-an-\p ]Yyw AÃm-lp-hn-sâ hn-[n-bmWv. \n-b-a-\nÀ-am-Ww F¶-Xv AÃm-lp-hn-sâ ssZ-hn-I-Xz- n-ep-Å I-S-¶p-I-b-ä-amWv. C-h-tbm-Spfv-e Aw-Ko-I-c-hp-amWv. A-Xp sIm-p X-s¶ apÉnw Ah-sâ hn-t[-bXzw AÃm-lp-hn-\p am-{X-am-¡p-I-bpw- ssZ-hw N-a-bp-¶ ap-gp-h³ kr-ãn-I-sfbpw A-h³ Xn-c-kv-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p¶p. A-t±-lw Xp-SÀ-¶p ]-d-bp¶p "a-X- n-\m-bn B-th-iw sIm-Åp-¶-h-sc-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶ ]-eÀ-¡pw- a-Xhn-tcm-[n-I-tfm, aX-s¯ \n-Êm-c-hÂ-I-cn-¡p-¶-htcm A-sÃ-t¶mÀ-¡-Ww-lm-In-an-¿- n-sâ hnj-bw A-SnØm-\ hn-izm-k-¯nÂ \n¶pw th-dn-«p \nÂ-¡p-¶ a-säm-¶mWv. hn-izm-k Im-cy-§Ä-¡p-th-n-bp-Å A-h-cp-sS B-th-iw Cu hn-j-b- nÂ Im-W-s -Sp-¶nÃ. lm-In-a-¿- n-sâ hn-j-b- n-se A-]-{`w-iw H-cp sX-äm-bn A-hÀ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶p-anÃ. b-YmÀ-°- nÂ Cu a-X- n-\p B-cm-[-\-bpw, \n-b-a-kw-ln-X-bpw, hn-izm-k-hpw X-½nÂ H-cp hy-Xym-k-hp-a-dn-bnÃ. b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ C-sXm-cp B-kq-{Xn-X ]-²-Xn-bmWv. \q-äm-p-I-fp-sS Ip-Õn-X {i-a-§-fm-Wv C-Xn-\p ]n-¶nÂ. A-§-s\ lm-In-an¿- v a-X-¯n-\m-bn A-t§ A-äw B-th-iw sIm-f-fp-¶ h-àm-¡Ä¡p-t]mepw H-cp A-{]-k-à-hn-j-bhpw hn-e-bnÃm-¯-Xp-ambn. a-¡-bnvÂ A-h-XoÀ-W-am-b H-cp JpÀ-B\n-I A-²ym-bw ]qÀ-W-ambpw B-lzm-\w sN-¿p¶Xv Cu hn-i-b-am-Wv. A-Xn-sâ {]-Xn-]mZyw hy-h-k-YnXntbm i-co-At¯m AÃ. hn-izm-k -am-W- n-sâ {]-Xn-]m-Zyw A-Xn-\m-bn hnhn-[ L-S-§-sfbpw kzm[n-\ i-àn-I-sfbpw Øn-Xn hn-h-c-§-sfbpw B A-[ym-bw k-aÀ-°n-¡p-¶p, lm-In-an¿- v F-¶ G-ähpw au-en-Iam-b hn-j-b-hp-am-Wv A-Xv _-Ôn-¡-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶Xv. Imc-Ww lm-In-an¿-Xv Zo-\n-sâ A-Sn- -

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d-bp-ambpw Zo-\n-sâ b-YmÀ-° \n-e-\nÂ-]p-ambpw A-t`-Zy `-Ô-am-Wv ]p-eÀ- p-¶-Xv.

_nw-_m-cm-[I-s\ ap-iv-cn-¡m-¡p-I-bpw, `uXn-I i-àn-I-fp-sS hn-[n Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-¶h-s\ ap-iv-cn-Im-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-h-cpw, _nw-_m-cm-[\-sb Ku-\n-¡p-Ibpw a-tä-Xn-s\ Ku-\n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-hcpw JpÀ-B³ hm-bn-¡m- -hcpw a-X- n-sâ {]-Ir-X-a-dn-bm- -h-cp-amWv. A-hÀ JpÀ-B³ hm-bn-¡s«. AÃm-lp-hn-sâ hm-¡pI-sf A-hÀ Ku-c-h ]qÀ-hw F-Sp¡-s« " \n-§Ä A-hÀ-¡v h-gn-s -«mÂ \nÝ-bw \n-§Ä ap-iv-cn-¡p-I-fmWv".

Cu B-th-i-¡m-cnÂ Nn-e-cm-hs«, a-\p-jy \nÀ-½n-Xam-b Cu \n-b-a-§-sf-bpw \-S]-Sn {I-a-s§-sfbpw A- n-{]m-b-§-sfbpw i-co-A- n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\ ImÂ-]m-Sp-I-tfm-Sv Xpe-\w sN-bv-Xv A-Xp-am-bn Xm-Zm-ßy-am-hp-¶ptm CÃtbm F-¶p ]-cn-tim-[n-¡m-\m-Wv k-a-bhpw DuÀ-P-hpw I-f-bp-¶Xpw B-fpI-sf t{]-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xpw. A-§n-§m-bn I-s¯n-b A-]-cym-]v-X-I-fp-sS t]-cnÂ hn-¹-h- n-\p-an-d-§p-¶p ChÀ. A-Y-hm CÉmw ]qÀW-X-tbm-S-Sp- n-cn-¡p¶p. A-Xn-sâ k-¼qÀ-Whpw k-a-{K-hpam-b \n-e-\nÂ-]n\p Cu Im-W-s -« Nne ssh-cp-²y-§Ä am-{X-am-Wv X-S-k-sa-¶v tXm-¶n-t¸mhpw A-h-cp-sS sN-bv-Xn-IÄ Im-Wp-t¼mÄ. b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ Cu B-th-i-¡mÀ Zo-\n-\p A-h-c-dn-bm-sX D-]-{Z-h-am-Wv h-cp- n-sh-¡p-¶-Xv. C¯-cw ip-jv-Ihpw D-]-cn-¹-hp-am-bn C-S-s]-S-ep-IÄ sIm-v A-hÀ Zo-\n-\p am-c-Iam-b hn-]- m-Wv h-cp- n-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv. P-\-§-fnÂ A- À-eo-\am-b hn-izm-k-]-cam-b DuÀÖ-s¯ ap-gp-h³ C¯-cw D-]-cn-¹-ham-b ipjv-I hn-j-b-§-fnÂ X-f- n-Sp-I-bm-W-hÀ sN-¿p-¶Xv. XoÀ¯pw Pm-ln-en¿m-b C¯-cw Np-äp-]m-Sp-IÄ-¡v D- -a km-£y-]-{X-am-W-hÀ \Â-Ip-

56

¶Xv. a-Xw ]qÀ-W-tXm-XnÂ \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-¶p F-¶-hÀ km-£y-s -Sp- p-¶p. G-Xm\pw sNdn-b Nne t]m-cm-bv-a-I-fm-Wv _m-¡n-bp-ÅXv. F-¶mÂ a-Xw b-YmÀ-°- nÂ ]qÀ-W-ambpw \ne- p t]m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bmWv. AÃm-lp-hn-\p-am{Xw lm-In-an-¿-Xp-Å H-cp hy-h-Øn-Xn-bpw Np-äp-]mSpw km-[y-am-hp¶-Xv h-sc B-Øn-Xn A§-s\ X-s¶ Xp-S-cp-Ibpw sN-¿pw.

Cu a-X- n-sâ A-ØnXzw F¶-Xv AÃm-lp-hn-sâ lm-In-an-b-Xn-sâ A-Øn-Xz-amWv. AÃm-lp-hn-sâ lm-In-an¿-Xv F-hn-sS \-ã-am-hp¶pthm A-hn-sS a-Xw A-{]-Xy-£-am-hp-¶-Xv.

k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v C-hn-sS lm-In-an-¿-Xn-sâ A-Jo-Z-bp-sS A-`n-hm-Py `m-K-am-bn A-h-X-cn- n-¡p¶p. lm-In-a-¿- n-se ]ng-hv a-X- n-sâ ]n-g-hm-Ip¶p. s]m-Xp apÉnw k-aql-s¯ H-¶S-¦w ap-iv-cn-Ip-I-fm-¡m³ A-Xv Im-c-W-ambn. am-{X-aÃ, Ah-sc ap-gp-h³ A-t±-lw _nw-_m-cm-[-IÀ-¡p Xp-ey-cm¡n. A-Xn-sâ Imc-Wtam a-X- n-sâ hn-[n hn-e-¡p-I-fnÂ A-hÀ hogv-N h-cp- n-b-Xpw, C-Xmh-s« A-h-cp-sS D-ÅnÂ cq-U-aq-eam-b AÃm-lp-hn-ep-Å A-N-©-eam-b hn-izm-k-t¯m-sS-bm-Wv Xm-\pw. C-hn-sS kw- -hn- Cu ]n-g-hmWv " fn-em-epÂ JpÀ-B-\n-s\" JÀ-fm-hn ]-dª-Xp t]m-se a-X-\n-tj-[-hm-Zw \nd-ªp Xp-fp-¼p-¶ {K-Ù-am-¡n-bXv.

k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v Xp-S-cp-¶p " Cu JpÀ-B³ kq-àhpw A-Xn-\p \mw ap³-t]-Pp-I-fnÂ \ÂIn-b hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-hpw \mw HmÀ-t¡--Xpv. A-t¸m-sg A-Sn-Øm-\-]-c-am-bn J-pÀ-B³ hn-tcm-[n-¡p-¶ Cu inÀ-¡n-s\ Ip-dn- v \-ap-¡v a-\-kn-emhq. hn-izm-k Im-cy-§-fn-se inÀ-¡mXv. AXp-t]m-se lm-In-an-b-Xn-se inÀ-¡pw. k-µÀ- hpw km-l-N-cyhpw hy-à-amWv. C-Xv \mw \n-c-´-c-ambn HmÀ- p sIm-t-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Imc-Ww \n-s¶ A-Xn-sâ

57

ASnØm-\ B-i-b-§-fnÂ \n¶pw hy-Xn-N-en- n-¡m-\m-bn ]n-im-Np-¡Ä \-S- p-¶ D-²y-a-§Ä -e-h-¯mbn-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bmWv. A-Xp sIm-pX-s¶ Zpx-J-I-c-sa-¶v ]-d-bs«, C-t¸mÄ lm-In-anb- v F-¶ hnj-bw hn-izm-k- nÂ \n-¶v AI-¶p t]m-bn-cn-¡p¶p. A-Xn-\mÂ X-s¶, Zo-\n-\p th-n hf-sc ]-cn-{i-a-§Ä \-S¯n-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-h-cnÂ ]-e-cpw, B-cm-[-\m]-c-tam, [m-À-an-Itam B-b sNdn-b hy-Xn-N-e-\-§-fnÂ t]mepw C-S-s]-Sp-Ibpw Xn-cp- Â i-àn-bm-hp-Ibpw sN-¿p¶-Xv \mw Im-Wp¶p. ]t£, Zo-\nÂ \n-¶p AI-¶p t]m-¶ lm-In-an-¿- n-s\ Ip-dnt¨m hn-izm-k- nÂ A-Xn-sâ Øm-\-s¯-Ip-dn-t¨m H¶pw D-cn-bp-Sp-¶p-anÃ. im-J-]-c-ambpw D-]-cn-¹-hpam-b hn-j-b-§-fnÂ A-hÀ D-d-ªp-Xp-Åp¶p. F-¶mÂ Gä-hw `o-I-cam-b s\-dn-tI-Sn-\p t\-sc A-hÀ \n-i-Ð-cmWv. Xu-lo-ZnÃm-¯, AÃm-lp-hn-sâ G-IXzw Øm-]n-¡-s -Sm-¯ Po-hn-X-co-Xn-b-s{X AXv ".

3. Pm-ln-en¿- v F¶-Xv k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_n-\p H-cp I-gn-ª-t]m-b Im-e-L-«-aÃ. a-dn- v C-Ém-an-\p-ap-¼v \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-Ibpw A-Xn-\p ti-jw \n-e-\nÂ-¡m-hp-¶-Xpam-b H-cp hy-h-Øn-Xn-bm-WXv. ]p-cm-X-\ Pm-ln-en-¿-Xn-te-¡v A-XpÄ-sIm-Åp¶ ssZ-h \n-tj-[-hpw, _lp-ssZ-h-cm-[-\-bpw, km-aq-ln-Im-]-Nyp-Xn-bp-apÄ-s -sS P-\-§Ä Xn-cn- p t]m-tb-¡-sa¶pw A±-lw hm-Zn-¡p¶p.

F-¶mÂ ap-Énw-IÄ s]m-Xp-sh hn-iz-kn-¡p¶-Xv ap-gp-h³ ap-Énw-I-fpw-ssZ-h-\n-tj-[n-I-fm-hp-¶ km-l-Ncyw D-m-hn-sÃ-¶m-Wv A-h-cp-sS {]-Ir-X- nÂ kw- -hn-t -¡m-hp-¶ id-Cu hn-cp-²am-b {]-hÀ- -\-§Ä tam-j-§-fm-bm-Wv ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. A-Xv ssZ-h-\n-tj-[tam A-Xn-te-¡p-Å Xn-cn- p t]mt¡m AÃ. {]-hm-N-IÀ(k)A-Xv hy-àam-b {]-Xn-]m-Zn- n-«pv. kz-lo-lpÂ _p-Jm-cn-bnÂ D-Jv-_-Xp-_v-\p B-anÀ(d) D-²-cn- v dn-t¸mÀ-«v

58

sN-¿-s -Sp-¶p, \_n (k)]-d-ªp " \n-§Ä inÀ-¡v sN-¿-en-s\ Rm³ `-b-s -Sp-¶nÃ, a-dn- v Zp³-bm-hn-sâ hn-j-b- nÂ \n-§Ä a-Õ-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv Rm³ `-b-s -Sp-¶-Xv".

]s£, k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xz_v, {]-hm-N-Im-K-a-\-¯n-\p ap-¼v \n-e-\n-¶n-cp-¶ A-tX Pm-ln-en-¿-¯n-te-¡v apÉnw k-aq-lw a-S-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶ F-¶ ]-£-¡m-cm-Wv. fn-em-epÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ A-t±-lw ]-dªp " Pm-ln-en-¿-Xv F¶-Xv N-cn-{X-k-Ôn-bÃ. a-\p-jy-\p a-\p-jy³ hn-t[-bXzw {]-I-Sn- n-¡p-¶ G-Xp hy-h-Øn-Xn-bpw Pm-ln-en¿-Xp Xs¶. C¶-s¯ hy-h-Øn-Xn-I-fnÂ sam- -ambpw Cu k-hn-ti-j-X {]-I-S-amWv. am-\-h-Ip-ew C-¶p ]p-W-cp-¶ hy-h-Øn-Xn-fnÂ ap-gp-h³ H-cp hn- m-Kw a-dp hn- m-K- nÂ \n-¶v Im-ev-]m-Sp-I-fpw, \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fpw, aq-ey-§fpw am-\-Z-Þ-§fpw \n-b-a-§fpw X-Xz-kw-ln-X-Ifpw hn-[n-Ifpw B-Nm-c-§-fp-saÃmw ssI-sIm-Åp-I-bmWv".

A-t±-lw hopw ]-d-bp-¶p"N-cn-{X-]-cam-b H-cp L-«-aÃ Pm-ln-en-¿- v. G-sXm-cp hy-h-Øn-Xn-bnepw Np-äp-]m-Snepw L-S-I-§Ä H- p-tNÀ-¶mÂ kw- -hn-¡m-hp-¶ A-h-Øm-hn-ti-j-am-WXv. A-Sn- -«nÂ \n-b-ahpw \n-b-a-\nÀ-am-W-hpw \-S-¡p-¶ Øn-Xn kw-Pm-X-am-h-emW-Xv".

hopw ]-dp-b-¶p " Pm-ln-en¿-Xv H-cp N-cn-{X Z-ibÃ. A-sXm-cp A-h-Øm-hn-ti-j-amWv. A-Xv C¶-se D-m-bn-cp-t¶-¡mw, C-¶v kw- -hn-¡mw, \m-sfbpw B-hÀ-¯n-t -¡mw".

F-s´m-cp A-{I-a-am-Wo Im-Wn-¡p-¶-Xv. D-½¯n-t\m-Spw Zo\n-t\m-Sp-ap-Å F-{X-{Iq-cam-b A-\o-Xn-bm-WnXv. kp-µ-cam-b Cu a-Xw C-¶v \m-a-h-ti-j-am-bn F-¶p k-¦Â-]n-¡p-I-tbm? ssZ-h-\n-tj-[hpw _lp-ssZ-h-cm-[-\bpw sIm-Sn-Ip¯n.

59

hmgp-¶ Pm-ln-en¿-¯v tem-I-s¯-sbm-¶S-¦w {K-kn- n- n-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶p hm-Zn-¡p-Itbm?

temI-s¯ H-¶S-¦w {K-kn- n-cn-¡p-¶ A-Xn-sâ Nn- -bnepw \n-e-]m-Snepw B-tem-N-\-bnepw N-e-\-¯n-epw kp-Xm-cw {]-I-Sam-b Cu Pm-ln-en-¿- n-s\ t\-cn-Sm\pw kz- w Po-hn-X- nepw s]m-Xp k-aq-l-¯n-epw CÉmw cq-]-s¸-«-Xn-sâ co-Xn-sb Ip-dn- v-A-t±-lw ]n-¶o-Sv hm-Nm-e-\m-hp¶p.

3þ a-Xw hf-sc ap-¼v \ne- v t]m-bn-cn-¡p¶p. C-¶-Xn-\p \n-e-\nÂ-t -bnÃ. A-Xn- -bm-\-Iam-b Cu Im-gv- -¸m-SnÂ k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v hm-hr-X-\m-bn. a-säm-cÀ-°- nÂ am-\-kn-I-am-b H-cp k-¦oÀ-Wm-h-Ø A-t±l-s¯ ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn. A-Xph-gn tem-Iw ap-gp-h³ _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-bn-em-sW¶pw apÉow k-aq-lw X-s¶ C-Ém-an-s\ ssI-sbm-gn-sª-¶pw tem-Iw H-¶S-¦w A-Ô-Im-c- nepw ssZ-h \n-tj-[- nepw B-]-[n- -s]-S-m\pw Nn- n-¡m³ C-t±-l- n-\p t{]-c-W \ÂIn.

A-]-I-S-Im-cn-bm-bn Cu hn-jm-Z-Nn- A-t±l-s¯ hn-Sm-sX ]n- p-S-cp-I-bpw D-²y-X, A-Ûp-X-I-chpw B-Ý-cy-]qÀ-Wam-b \n-e-]m-Sv A-t±-lw hy-à-am-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.

X-sâ "km-aqln-I \o-Xn C-Ém-anÂ " F-¶ {K-Ù- nÂ A-t±-lw ]-dªp. tem-Iw H-¶S-¦w \mw H-¶p hn-iI-e-\ hn-t[-b-am¡n, A-hn-sS A-hn-sS A-Ãm-lp hn-i-Zo-I-cn -Xp {]-Im-c-ap-Å Zo-\nt\tbm C-Ém-ant\tbm ]-c-Xn-bmÂ H-cp km-¶n[yw Im-Wm³ I-gn-bnÃ F-¶p am-{X-aÃ , AÃm-lp-hn-sâ lm-In-an¿- v \mw F-¶p \-ã-s -Sp¯ntbm A-¶p sXm-t« Cu a-X- n-sâ \n-e-\nÂ- v \-ã-am-bn F¶pw a-\-Ên-em-¡mw.

60

"h-gn-b-S-bm-f§Ä" F-¶ ]p-kv-X-I- nÂ A-t±-lw Xp-S-cp¶p' apÉnw k-ap-Zm-b- n-sâ A-Øn-Xzw hf-sc \q-äm@p-IÄ-¡v ap-¼v \ne- p t]m-bn-cn-¡p¶p'.

C-Xp Xn-cp-{]-hm-N-I-sâ k-aq-l- n-t\m-Sp-Å A-Xn-{I-a-amWv, P-\-§Ä-¡v th-n \n-tbm-Kn-Xcm-b D- -a k-aql-s¯ _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\bpw ssZ-h-\n-tj-[hpw B-tcm-]n-¡-emWv. P-\-§Ä \-in¨p-t]m-bn F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶-h-\m-Wv A-h-cp-sS \m-i tlXp.

"fn-em-enÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ" A-t±-lw ]-d-bp-¶p "Cu a-Xw tem-IÀ-¡v G-I-ssZ-h hn-izm-k k-tµ-i-hp-am-bn B-K-X-am-b-Xn-\p ti-jw Im-ew ]-Xnhp-t]m-se {]-bm-Ww Xp-SÀ¶p. tem-IÀ ho@pw hy-àn B-cm-[-\-bn-te-¡v a-S§n. a-X-§-fp-sS A-Xn-{I-aw hym-]n-¡p-Ibpw P-\X-Xn G-I-ssZ-h hn-izm-k- nÂ \n-¶v ]n-t¶m-«-Sn-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. H-cp sN-dp-]-£w A-t¸mgpw X-§-fp-sS an-\m-c-§-fn-eqsS, AÀ-°-hpw s]m-cp-fp-a-dn-bm-sX "em Cem-l CÃÃm " D-cp-hn-«p sIm-n-cp¶p. AÃm-lp-hn-sâ G-I-Xz- n-sâ ]-cym-bam-b lm-In-an-¿- n-sâ \n-b-a-km[p-X \n-tj-[n-¡m-sX X-s¶ hy-àn-IÄ lm-In-an¿- v hm-Zn- p Xp-S-§n. Cu hm-Z-K-Xn-¡mÀ hy-àn-I-fm-hmw, \n-b-a hy-h-Øn-I-fm-hmw, k-aq-l-am-hmw. ]-t£ C-h-sbm-¶pw ssZ-hXzw CÃm- -Xn-\mÂ ,A-h-bv-¡v lm-In-an-¿- pw D-m-h-XÃ. ]-t£ am-\-h-Ip-ew Pm-ln-en-¿- n-te-¡v Xn-cn¨p-t]m-bn. em-Cem-l CÃÃ-bnÂ \n-¶v ]n³-hm-§n. hy-àn-IÄ-¡v A-hÀ ssZhn-I hn-ti-j-W-§Ä NmÀ- n \Â-In. ]n-¶o-S-hÀ GI ssZ-hXzw ]-d-ª-tX-bnÃ.

am-\-h-Ip-ew H-¶-S¦w, In-g¡pw ]-Sn-ªmdpw X-§-fp-sS am-\m-c-§-fnÂ tIh-ew "em-Cem-l CÃÃm" D-cp-hn-«p sIm-n-cp-¶-

61

h-cpÄ-s -sS, G-ä-hpw ITn-\am-b in£-¡p ]m-{Xn- q-X-cpw `m-cn- Ip-ä- n-sâ D-S-a-I-fp-am-bn-cn-¡pw A- y \m-fnÂ Imc-Ww A-hÀ b-YmÀ-° hn-izm-k- nÂ \n-¶v Xn-cn- p \-S-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. AÃm-lp-hn-sâ Zo-\nÂ B-bn-cp-¶-Xn-\p-ti-jw , b-YmÀ-Y k³-amÀ-Kw A-hÀ-¡p t_m-[y-s -«-Xn-\p ti-jw A-hÀ-¡v hn-izm-k {`-ãv h-¶n-cn-¡p¶p. AXp-sIm-v AÃm-lp-hn-sâ kp-hy-à-am-b Cu Zr-ãm- §-sf Ip-dn- v Nn- n-¡m³ C-s¶m-cp ]pXn-b apÉnw kw-Lw A-Xym-h-iy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. [fn-emÂ 2:1057]

C-hn-sS A-t±-lw k-aq-lw H-¶m-sI a-X-{`-ã-cm-bn- oÀ-¶p F-¶p hn-i-Z-am-Ip¶p. an-\m-c-§-fn-eq-sS C-t¸mgpw "em-Cem-l CÃÃ " D-cp-hn-Sp-¶h-sc A-XnÂ DÄ-s -Sp-¯n F-¶p am-{X-aÃ, A-hÀ-¡m-Ws{X ITn-\ in-£bpw A-h-cm-Ws{X I-tTm-c ]m-]n-I-fpw!

H-cm-sf-bpw A-XnÂ-\n-¶v H-gn-hm-¡p-¶nÃ A-t±-lw .A-tX ka-bw ]s¶-sbm-cp hn-izm-kn kw-L-s¯ Ip-dn- v A-t±-lw ho@pw kw-km-cn-¡p-¶p, A-Xn-§-s\-bm-Wv."C-¶-s¯ hn-izm-kn kw-Lw \nÀ-_-Ô-am-bpw Cu ssZ-hn-I ]mT-§-fnÂ ZoÀ-L-am-bn Nn- n-t¡-n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. Im-c-Ww C-¶-hÀ, Cu hn-ip-² ]m-T§Ä A-h-XoÀ-Wam-b Im-e- p-m-bn-cp-¶ k-a-{Kam-b Pm-ln-en-¿- n-s\ `q-an-bnÂ A- -ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p-I-bmWv. Cu ]mT§Ä BÀ-¡p-taÂ A-h-XoÀ-®am-tbm A-tX A-h-Ø-hn-ti-j-§-fm-Wv C¶pw k-aq-l- n-\p-ÅXv. [fn-emÂ 2:1057] A-t±-lw Xp-S-cp-¶p "temI-s¯ {K-kn-¡p-¶ Cu Pm-ln-en-¿-¯nÂ A-¶v A-hÀ ssI-sIm-

A-tX \n-e-]m-SmWv Cu hn-izm-kn kw-Lw ssI-sIm-tÅ--Xpv."[fn-emÂ [2:1057]

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kzm-en-lv k-cn-¿ Xsâ "cn-km-e- pÂ Cu-am-\n-Â"]-d-bp-¶p "C-Ém-an-\p hn-cp-²-am-bn cm-Py- p \n-e-\nÂ-¡p¶p. \n-b-a-§-sf-Ãmw ssZ-h \n-tj-[- n-sâ \n-b-a-§-fm-Wv. A-h \nÀ-an- -h-cpw, A-Xn-sâ \nÀam-W {]-{In-b-bnÂ ]-¦p-h-ln- -h-cpw, Ah-sb \nÀ-_-Ô \n-b-a hy-h-Øn-Xn-bm-¡n-b-hcpw ,A-h-tbm-Sp tbm-Nn-

v {]-I-Sn- n-¡m-sX, A-h \-S- nÂ h-cp- n-b-hcpw Im- nÀ B-Wv. A-X-\p-k-cn¨v, B \n-b-a \nÀ-am-W k-an-Xn-bn-se ap-gp-h³ D-]-tZ-ãm-¡fpw , ap-gp-h³ ]mÀ-e-sa-âv Aw-K-§-fp-sS A-hÀ ap-t¶m-«v sh- a-{´n k- mw-K-§-fpw, A-XnÂ H- p-sh- {]-[m-\-a-{´n-bpw, Jm-Zn-am-cpw t{]m-kn-Iyp-j\pw t]m-eo-kv ta-[m-hn-Ifpw Ip-äm-t\z-j-·mcpw A-h-scÃmw CXn-t\m-Sv hn-tbm-Pn- v {]-I-Sn-¸n-¡m-¯-h-cpw C-X-\p-k-cn-¨v B-ßmÀ-°-am-bn tkh-\w sN-¿p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp-sh-¦nÂ A-hcpw Im- n-dp-IÄ Xs¶. k-aql-s¯ Hmtcm hy-àn-bpw, C-Xv Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-Itbm A-Xn-s\ \n-tj-[n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-tbm AXn-t\m-Sv \n-cp- -chm-Z-]-cam-b k-ao]-\w kzo-I-cn-¡p-I-tbm sN-bv-XmÂ A-h-\pw Im-^nÀ Xs¶. Imc-Ww C-h-scÃmw a-\p-jy-\nÀ-a-X \n-b-a hy-h-Øn-Xn-sb AÃm-lp-hn-sâ hy-h-Øn-IÄ ap- n- n-cn-¡p¶p. C-Xp ssZ-h \n-tj-[-am-Wvv. Im-c-Ww A-hÀ AÃm-lp AÃm¯ ssZ-h-§-sf {]m-]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AÃm-lp C-d-¡n-bXp-sIm-Ãm-sX A-hÀ hn-[n {]-kv-Xm-hw \-S-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶p.

5þ ap-gp-h³ am-tem-I-cp-a-dbpw kw-L«-\w ta-ep²y-X kw- -h-§Ä ap-gp-h³ k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_n-s\ ap-Énw C-X-c-\p-bm-bn ap-Én-I-fp-sS _-Ôw kw-L-«-\- n-sâ-bpw G-äp-ap-«-en-sâbpw am-{X-am-sW-¶ A-Xn-hn-Nn-{Xam-b \n-e-]m-Sn-te-¡v sIm-s- n¨p. A-t±-lw ]dªp "ao-\n-\v A-Xn-sâ F-Xn-cm-fnI-sf {]Xn-tcm-[n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m-\m-hnÃ Im-c-Ww tem-IÀ-¡p-taÂ AÃm-lp-hn-s³ dp-_q-hn-¿- n-sâ s]m-Xp {]-Jym]-\w A-Xn-sâ km-\n[yw hy-à-am-

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¡Ww. am-\-h-Ip-e-s¯ ssZta-X i-àn-IÄ-¡p-Å hn-t[-b-Xz-¯nÂ \n-¶v tam-Nn-X-cm-I-Ww. Cu km-\n-[y-amh-s« Pm-ln-eo AÃm-¯ H-cp ]p-Xn-b t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-sâ Io-gnÂ H-cp kz-X-{´ k-aq-l- n-sâ ]n-d-hn-tbm-sS-bÃm-sX km-[y-am-hnÃ.

C-Xp {]-Im-cw a-Xw {]-I-S-am-hp-t¼mÄ Np-äp `mK-s¯ Pm-ln-eo k-aq-l-§-tfm-Sv A-Xn-\p {]Xn-tcm-[-¯n-teÀ-s -tS-n h-cpw. Ah-sb D-·qe-\w sN-¿m³ {i-an-t¡-n-h-cpw. C-Xv H-cp X-cw kz-Xz kw-c-£W t]m-cm-«-am-bn-cn-¡pw. ]pXn-b H-cp k-aq-l-¯n\vv kz-Xz kwc-£-W ka-cw A-\n-hm-cy-am-W-tÃm?

C-Ém-an-t\m-fw ]-g-¡-ap-Å H-cp \-S-]-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. C-Ém-an-\p-taÂ \nÀ-_-Ôn-Xam-b H-cp kw-L-«\w. a-säm-cp Nn- A-hn-sS km-[yaÃ. Iq-Sp-XÂ Im-ew k-a-c-s -«p t]m-hm-\m-hm- c-v A-Øn-Xz-§Ä X-½n-ep-Å kz- m-ham-b kw-L-«-\-am-WXv. A-t±-lw ho-pw ]-d-bp-¶p" C-¶v P-\-§Ä F- n-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶ Cu A-Ô-Im-chpw A-h-cp-sS kz- m-h-§fpw [mÀ-an-I-cw-Khpw hy-h-Øn-Xn-Ifpw ]m-{Xo- -hn- ]-cn-hÀ- -\hpw H-cp Im-e¯pw C-Ém-an-\v Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡m-h-XÃ F-¶v A-hÀ-¡v \-¶m-b-dn-bmw. Cu Zo-\n-sâ A-[o-iXzw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-I-bpw Zo³ ]-cn-]qÀ-W-ambpw ssZ-hn-I-am-hp-Ibpw AÃm-lp-hn-sâ ]-c-am-[n-Im-cw A-[o-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-Ibpw A-Ô-Im-cw D-·qe-\w sN-¿-s -Sp-Ibpw AÃm-lp-hn-sâ A-[n-Im-c-¯nÂ ssI-I-S-¯p-¶-hÀ B«n-tbm-Sn-¡-s -Sp-Ibpw sN-¿msX Cu kw-L«-\w \n-e-¡p-I-bnÃ.

G-sX-¦nepw Ime- v C-X-c k-aq-l-§-fp-am-bp-Å C-Ém-an-sâ _-Ôw ,kw-L-«-\-¯nepw D-·q-e-\- nepw A-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cp-t¶m? ta-ep-²-cn- -Xm-Wv C-bm-fp-sS \n-e-]m-sS-¦nÂ Cu Im-e-¸m-Sp-Ifpw km-ap-hÂ l-§nw-KvS-sâ kw-km-c-§-fp-sS kwL-«-\

64

kn-²m- hpw X-½nÂ F- m-Wp hy-Xym-kw . hn-ip-² JpÀ-B-\nsâ " Hm P-\§-sf , \n§-sf \mw kr-ãn- n-cn-¡p¶-Xv H-cp B-WnÂ \n¶pw H-cp s]-®nÂ \n-¶p-amWv. \n§-sf tKm-{X-§-fpw hn- m-K-§-fp-am-¡nb-Xv ]-c-kv]-cw A-dn-bm-\mWv"[AÂ lp-P-dm¯v:13] F-¶ JpÀ-B-\n-I kq-à-s¯ Ip-dn- v A-t±-lw F- p ]-d-bp-¶p?" \-_n-sb A§-s\ tem-IÀ-¡v Im-cp-Wy-am-bÃm-sX \mw A-b- n-«nÃ" F-¶ JpÀ-B-\n-I hN-\w A-t±-lw F§-s\ hym-Jym-\n-¡pw.

Np-cp-¡- nÂ , Pm-ln-en-¿- n-s\ Ip-dn- v A-t±-l- n-sâ \n-e-]m-Sv Nn-e A-_-² P-Un-ehpw AÀ-°-iq-\y-hpam-b k-¦Â-]§-sf A-Sn-Øm-\-s -Sp- n D-Å-Xm-Wv. A-t±-lw auen-I hn-iym-k-Im-cy-§-fnÂ Nne-Xv I-S- n-Iq«n, hn-izm-k-s¯bpw IÀ-½-im-kv-{X ]-cam-b D-] hn-i-b-§-sf-bpw Iq-«n-¡-eÀ- n Cu hn-j-b-I-cam-b {]m-Yan-I \n-Zm-\-im-kv-{X kn-²m-´-§Ä t]mepw A-t±-lw ]-cn-K-Wn- nÃ. Xu-lo-ZpÂ lm-In-an-¿ F-¶ \q-X-\ Bi-bw A-t±-lw I-s- n. A-Xn-s\ A-Sn-Øm-\-s -Sp- n ssZ-h-\n-tj-[-hpw _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\bpw am{Xw D-t±-in-¡-s -Sp-¶ Pm-ln-en¿- v temI- v hym-]n- n-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶pw ap-l-½-Zn-¿- k-aq-lw H-¶-S-¦w a-X-{`-ã-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶pw a-X- n-sâ A-ØnXzw X-s¶ \-ã-am-bn-t¸m-sb¶pw ,kw-L«-\w A-\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw A-t±-lw hn-[n-sb-bpXn. JnÀ-N-I-am-b, A-t±-l- n-sâ hm-Zhpw \n-e-]m-Sp-Ifpw \mw hn-i-Z-am-bn {]-Xn-]m-Zn¨p. fn-em-epÂ JpÀ-B-\n-s\ , hn-i-Ie-\w sN-¿p-¶h-\v ,A-t±-l- n-\v kw- -hn- A-]-{`w-i-]pw, sX-än-²m-c-W-bpw kz- w k-ap-Zm-b¯n-t\mSpw Np-äp-]mSn-t\m-Spw A-t±-lw sh- p-]p-eÀ-¯n-b A-t§-b-ä-ap-Å hn-I-e Im-gv-N-¸mSpw {K-Ù- nÂ \nd-ªp Xp-fp-¼p-¶ kwL-«-\ Nn- -bpw X-Iv-^odpw \n-iv-{]-bm-kw a-\-Ên-em-¡m³ I-gn-bp-sa-¶-Xn-\v ta-ep-²-cn- sX-fn-hp-IÄ [m-cm-f-am-Wv.

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6þ hn-Nn-{Xam-b Im-cyw C-X-c a-X-Ø-cp-am-bn hn-izm-k ]-cam-b Im-cy-¯nÂ k-ln-jvWp-X ]p-eÀ-¯m³ A-t±-lw B-h-iy-s -Sp-I-bpw A-tX ka-bw kz-´w k-ap-Zm-b-¯n-s\-Xn-sc Ip-Xn-c-I-b-dp-I-bpw Ah-sc A-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶ Cu Nn- Zm-C-ip-IÄ-¡v Ipd- v Iq-Sn ]-cn-hÀ- -\-am-hp-Ibpw k-ln-jvWp-X F-¶ Bi-bw X-s¶ A-hÀ XpS- p \o-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. A§-s\ ho@pw X-e-IÄ A-dp-¡-s¸«p. A-Sn-a-Xzw, ASn-a hy-h-Øn-Xnbpw Xn-cn- p-h¶p.

"fn-em-epÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ" A-t±-lw ]-d-bp¶p: C-Émw C-X-c-a-X-kv-X-tcm-Sv hf-sc hy-àamb n A-Xn-sâ k-ln-j-Wp-Xm \n-e-]m-Sv {]m-hÀ- n-I-am-¡p¶p. ]-t£ \mhp-sIm-v ap-Énw F-¶p ]-d-bp-I-bpw A-Xn-\p hn-cp-²-am-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-h-cp-am-bn H-cp k-ln-j-Wp-Xbpw C-Ém-an-\nÃ. AÃm-lp G-I-\m-sW-\\pw A-XnÂ A-hÀ hn-iz-kn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶vv hm-Znv-¡p-Ibpw F-¶n-«v lm-In-an¿- v \n-b-a-\nÀ-am-Ww Xp-S-§n-b AÃm-lq-hn-sâ hn-ti-j-W-§Ä A-h-\Ãm- -hÀ-¡v NmÀ-¯n \Â-Ip-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-h-cp-am-bn H-cp k-ln-jv-Wp-Xbpw C-Ém-an-\nÃ. (^n fn-emÂ 2:732 ])

Cu hn-Nn-{Xam-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sm-Wv N-cn-{X-§-fn-ep-S-\o-fw Xo-{ham-b {]-Øm-\§-sf apÉnw k-aq-l-¯n-s\-Xn-sc Xn-cn- p hn-«-Xpw A-h-cp-sS c-à-s¨m-cn- n-en-\p Im-c-W-am-b-Xpw. A§-s\ ap-ÉnwI-sf h-[n-¡m³ A-hÀ bp-² k-¶-²-cm-bn. A-hÀ-¡v t\-tc hn-]- p-IÄ sXm-Sp- p-hn-«p.Cu Zo-\n-\p a-äp a-X-Ø-tcm-Spw kw-kv-Imc-§-tfm-Spw ]-d-bm-\p-Å, k-·mÀ-K- n-sâ-bpw , kw-kv-Im-c-¯n-sâbpw ,hn-Úm-\o-b-§-fp-sS-bpw k-tµ-i- n-sâ- Ffn-b cq-]w t]mepw am-tem-IÀ ]-IÀ-¶v \Â-Im³ A-hÀ-¡m-hnÃ. A-Xn-s\ C-X-c k-aq-Zm-b-§Ä-¡n-S-bnÂ, k-·mÀ-K- n-sâbpw kXy-

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t_m-[-\- n-sâ-bpw Cu Zo-\nÂ \n-¶v D-bnÀ-sIm-Åp-¶ D-¶-X aq-ey-§-fp-sSbpw \n-e-]m-Sp X-d-bm-th-n-bn-cp-¶-Xn-\p ]I-cw A-hÀ kz- w k-ap-Zm-bw am{Xw Hu-ÕpIyw Im-Wn¨p.

AÂ lm-^n-fv C-_v-\p I-koÀ "AÂ _n-Zmb-Xn h-¶n-lm-b"bnÂ C-{]-Im-cw ]-d-ªn-«p-v "C¯-cw B-fp-IÄ B-Zw k- -Xn-I-fn-se G-ä-hpw hn-Nn-{X-X-c-amWv. X-sâ C-ã-{]-Im-cw kr-ãn-I-sf hÀ-Ko-I-cn-¨ AÃm-lp F-{X D-¶-X³ "J-hm-cn-Pp-I-sf Ip-dn- v Nn-e ap³-Km-an-IÄ ]-d-ªp sh¨-Xv hf-sc kp-µ-c-amWv. A-hÀ ]-d-ªp "G-ähpw \-ã-I-cam-b IÀ-½w sN-¿p-¶-hÀ B-cm-sW-¶v R-§Ä \n-§Ä-¡v ]d-ªp Xc-«tbm F-¶v [\-_nsb-] Xm-¦Ä tNm-Zn-¡Ww. [F-¶n-«p ]-db-Ww ] `uXn-I Po-hn-X- nÂ X-§-fp-sS D-Zy-a-§Ä hr-Ym-hn-em-bn-t¸m-b-h-cm-W-hÀ, ]-t£ A-h-cp-sS hn-Nm-cw A-hÀ hf-sc \Ã IÀ-½w sN-¿p-¶p F-¶mWv. AÃm-lp-hn-sâ Zr-ãm- -§-fpw A-h-\p-am-bp-Å Iq-Sn-Im-gv- bpw \n-tj-[n-¡p-Ibpw ,A§-s\ A-h-cp-sS IÀ-½-§Ä X-IÀ¶p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN-bv-X-h-cm-W-hÀ. A-hkm-\ \m-fnÂ A-hÀ-¡v H-cp hn-ebpw \mw \Â-Ip-I-bnÃ"[AÂ I-lv- v :105]

Np-cp-¡- nÂ .Cu ]-¼-c hn-Ín-Ifpw h-gn-tI-Sp-Imcpw apÉow k-ap-Zm-b- nÂ \n¶p-sIm-v A-hÀ-s¡-Xn-sc ]-S-¸p-d- m-Sv \-S- p-I F-¶ Im-cy- nÂ G-tIm-]n-X-cmWv. P-\-§-fp-sS kz-¯pw k-¼m-Zyhpw ssI-b-S-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw A-hn-S-§-fnÂ X-¼-Sn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw k-am-\-Nn- m-K-Xn-¡m-sc H-tc Ø-e- v H-cp-an- n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw A-hÀ tXm-tfmSp-tXmÄ tNÀ-¶v {]-hÀ- n-¡p¶p"[AÂ _n-Zmb 7:286]

Zm-dpÂ Ip- vdpw Zm-dpÂ C-Émapw

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C-Éman-I IÀ-½-im-kv-{X hn-im-cZÀ, tem-I-s¯ C-Éman-I Np-äp]m-sS¶pw C-X-c Np-äp-]m-sS¶pw c-m-bn X-cw-Xn-cn- n-cn-¡p-¶p. C-Éman-I i-co-A-¯n-sâ hn-[n-hn-e-¡p-IÄ kp-Øn-cam-b kw-hn-[m-\-t¯m-Sv {]-tbm-K-hXv-¡-cn-¡m-hp-¶ tZ-i-§-tf-bpw, ]-cn-]qÀ-Wamb tXm-XnÂ, \-S-¸p-co-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-¨v A-Xp {]m-tbm-K-I-am-hm- tZ-i-§-sf-bpw A-t\y-j-W-¯n-eq-sS I-s-¯p-I-bpw, A-Xn-s\ A-Sn-Øm-\-s -Sp- n C- -cw Ø-e-§-fnÂ A-\p-hÀ-¯n-¡m-hp-¶ {]-tXy-I IÀ-½-im-kv-{X hn-[n-hn-e-¡p-IÄ B-hn-jv-I-cn¡p-I F-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p Cu hn- -P-\-¯n-\p ]n-¶n-se t{]-c-I iàn.

apÉnw, kzm- m-hn-I-ambpw \m-Sp-Np-äp-I-bpw, C-S-]-g-Ip-I-bpw C-S-I-e-cp-Ibpw tem-I-t¯m-Sv kw-h-Zn-¡n-I-bpw sN-¿p-sa-¶ Nn-´-bm-Wv A-Xn-sâ ]n-¶m-¼pdw. Nn- m-K-Xn-bpsStbm hn-izm-k-¯nsâtbm hy-Xym-kw A-Xn-s\ _m-[n-¡nÃ. F-¶mÂ hn-izm-kn-bp-sS Cu k-l-hm-khpw k-¼À-¡hpw C-Éman-I \n-b-a-§Ä ]qÀ-W-am-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡-s -Sp-¶ H-cp k-aq-l- n-em-sW-¦nÂ , B-cm-[-\-Ifpw C-S-]m-Sp-Ifpw CÉmw A-\p-k-cn- v \-S-¯-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¦n-Â A-hn-sS ta-ep-²-cn- hn- -P-\- n-¶v {]-k-àn-bn-Ã.

C_-\p _-Xq-X-bp-sS bm-{X-I-Ä C-Xn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-amWv. A-t±-lw sam-tdm-¡³ {]-hn-iy-I-fpsS A-t§-b-äam-b Xz³-P-bn-Â \n-¶pw ssN-\ h-sc bm-{X \-S-¯n. X-sâ am-\p-jn-Iam-b hnhn-[ {]-h-À-¯\-§-Ä ]-cn-]q-À-W C-kvv-eman-I Np-äp-]m-Sn-Â A-t±-l-¯n³ \n-À-Æ-ln-¡m-\mbn. A-hn-sS C-kvv-em-an-sâ kpØn-c \n-b-a-hy-h-Ø-¡p-]-I-cw H-cp {]-tX-I (Xm-Â-Im-en-I) hy-h-Øn-bp-sS B-h-iy-ta D-m-bnÃ.

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a-dp-]p-d- v, ap-Énw tem-I- n-sâ hn-hn-[ N-{I-hm-f-§-Ä Xm-n-tb-¡mw.

ap-Énw a-tX-X-c cm-Py-§-fnepw tZ-i-§-f-fnepw A-h³ F- n-s -t«-¡mw A-hn-sS Xm-a-kn-¡m\pw C-S-]-gn-Im\pw A-h³ \n-À-_-Ôn-X-\m-tb-¡mw. A§-s\ A-h³ a-äp k-aq-l- n-sâ-bpw hym-]m-c- nsâ-bpw Ip-Spw-_-_-Ô-§fpw Np-äp-h-«-§-fpw D-m-hp-Ibpw sN-¿mw. A¯-cw k-µ-À- -§-fnÂ

C-kvv-eman-I i-co-A- n-sâ {]-tbm-K h-Xv-I-cW-s¯ Ip-dn-¨v tNm-Zy-§-fp-bÀ-¶v h-cpw. Imc-Ww B-\m-Spw Np-äp-]m-Spw co-Xn-I-fpw hy-h-Øn-Xn-Ifpw A-h-cp-sS \n-b-a-§fpw kw-kv-Im-chpw C-kvv-em-ta-X-c-amWv.

AXp-sIm-m-Wv C-kvv-eman-I I-À-a-iv-kv-{X hn-im-c-Z-À ta-ep-²-cn- hn- -P-\-¯n³ \n-À-_-Ôn-X-cm-bXv.

hn-ip-² Jp-À-B-\n-s\bpw Xn-cp-N-cy-tbbpw A-Øm-\-s¸-Sp¯n, C- -cw km-l-N-cy-§-fn-Â Po-hn-t¡-n-h-cp-¶, ap-kvv-en-ans\, X-sâ Np-äp-]m-Sp-I-fpw C-S-]m-Sp-I-fpw kzm- m-hn-I-am-bn Xp-S-cp-¶-Xn-\nsS, C-kvv-em-an-I-ambn A-h³ ]-cn-lm-cw \n-À-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xn\pw hn-i-Z-am-b D- -c-§-Ä I-s ¯p-¶-Xn¶pw th-n-bm-bn-cp-¶p AXv.

temI- v C-kvv-em-ta-X-c cm-Py-§fpw k-aq-l-§-fpw, {]-tZ-i-§fpw k-ap-Zm-b-§-fpw kzm- m-hn-I-am-bpw D-m-hpw. A-hn-sS ap-kvvenw Po-hn-¡p-Ibpw kzm- mhn-I Po-hn-Xw \-bn-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿pw. C-S-]m-Sp-Ifpw I- -h-S-§fpw \-S-¯p-Ibpw im-kv-{Xo-b K-th-j-W-§-fpw hn-Zym- ym-k {]-h-À- -\-§-fpw D-m-hpw. AXp-sIm-v Xs¶, Ah-sâ km-l-Ncyw Nn-e {]-tXy-I \n-b-a-§-Ä

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Bh-iy s -«p¶p. A-h-bm]-s« C-kvv-eman-I cm-Py-§-fn-se kzm-`m-hn-I-am-b \n-b-a-§-fn-Â \n¶pw hy-Xy-Ø-am-h-epw A-\n-hm-cy-am-bn-h-cpw.

CXp-sIm-p-X-s¶-bm-Wv I-À-a-im-kv-{X ]-Þn-X-·m-À-¡n-S-bn-Â, C-kvvemw C-kvv-em-ta-X-c tZ-i§-sf th-À-Xn-cn-¡p-¶ hn-j-b-¯n-Â A-h-cp-sS L-S-I-§-sf-bpw ]-cn-[n-I-tfbpw kw-_-Ôn¨v, A- n-{]m-bm- -c-ap-m-bXv. A-tX-ka-bw Cu A- n-{]m-bm- -c-§-Ä H-cn-¡-epw Cu Nn- -bp-sS B-h-iy-IX-sb Ip-dn- -dn-bn-cp-¶n-Ã Xm-\pw. a-dn- v D-bÀ-¶p h-cp-¶ tNm-Zy-§-Ä-¡p-Å D- -c§-sf Ip-dn- pw, kzm- m-hn-I-am-bn C¯-cw km-l-N-cy-§-fn-Â h-¶p tN-À-t\-¡m-hp-¶ `-hn-j- pI-sf Ip-dn- m-bn-cp¶p.

Zm-dp-Â C-kvv-emw, Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-À F¶-Xv sIm-v Xs¶, I-À-½-im-kv-{X a-Þ-e-§-fn-Â, \n-b-Xam-b c-p kw-Ú-I-fm-bn-cp¶p. H-cn-¡epw C-¶-h-bv-¡v Nn-e Xo-{hhm-Z Nn- m-K-Xn-¡m-cm-Â I-c-K-Xam-b kw-L-«-\- n-sâ A-À-°X-ew A-Xn-\p ap-t¼m-cn-¡epw ssI-h-¶n-«n-Ã. Cu {]-Øm-h-\-I-fm-Wv B-[p\n-I kw-kv-Im-c ]-cn-k-c-§-fn-Â Cu Nn- -I-Ä-¡v I-cn-\n-g-Â ho-gv-¯n-bXv.

X-§Ä tem-Is¯, Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-À Zm-dp-Â C-kvvemw F-¶n§-s\ c-m-bn-Xn-cn-¨Xv, kp-Øn-cam-b C-kvv-eman-I \n-b-a-§-fp-sSbpw {]-tXy-I hy-h-Øn-Xn-bp-sS-bpw C-S-bn-se hy-Xym-k-§-Ä I-s¯p-I F-¶ D-t±-iy-t¯m-sS a-d-bn-cp-¶p s]-Wv I-À-½-im-k-{X ]-Þn-XÀ-¡v \-¶m-b-dn-bmw. a-dn¨v Cu-cvv tZ-i-§fpw X-·n-se D- -bI-£n _-Ô-tam, A-Xp kw-_-Ôam-b A-t\zj-Wtam A-h-À hn-Nm-cn- -tX A-Ã. Imc-Ww ap-kvvenw I-Ä-¡v C-X-c-a-X-Ø-cp-am-bp-Å _-Ôw hn-im-eam-b k-l-h-À- n-Xz- n-tâ-XmWv. I-À-½-im-kv-{X-]-c-hpw, [m-Àan-I aq-eym-[n-ãn-X-hpw, am-\-h

70

Ip-e-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸« ssZ-hn-I N-cy-Ifpw k³-am-À-K Z-À-i-\hpw FÃmw C-S-I-e-À-¶....... hn-im-eam-b ]-c-kv-]-c _-Ô-am-W-Xv. D-¶-X kz- m-h-§fpw k-·m-K- Z-À-i-\-hpw t_m-[-\-hp-am-Wv A-Xn-sâ A-Sn¯-d. a-äp-Å-h-sbÃmw Xm-Xv-Im-en-I-hpw £-Wn-I-hp-am-Wv. H-cp km-l-N-cy- n-Â C-S-s]-Sp-I-bpw A-{]-Xy-£-am-hp-Ibpw sN-¿pw. k-·m-À-Khpw kz- m-h-Kp-W-hp-am-Wv A-Sn- -d. A-h F-t¸m-gpw \n-e-\n-Â-¡pw.

Camw X-Jzn-bp-²o³ A-Êp-_v-Io A-t±-l-¯n-sâ -Xm-h-bn-Â ]-d-bp-¶p. \-_n-X-§-Ä ]-d-ªn-«p-v "A-Ãm-lp \o h-gn-H-cmsf k-·m-À-K-Ø-\m-¡n-bm-Â A-Xv \n\-¡v Np-h-¶ I-®p-Å H-«-I-§-Ä e- n-¡p-¶-Xn-t\-¡-m-Ä em- -I-c-am-Wv". C-X-c a-X-Ø-À ap-kvv-enw-§-fp-am-bn C-S-]-g-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, C-kvv-em-an-sâ \-·I-sf A-dn-bm-Xn-cn-¡m³ A-hÀ-¡v Im-c-W-am-Ip¶p. \n-\-¡-dn-ªp-IqsS, ln-Pv-d-bp-sS k-a-bw ap-X-Â lp-ssZ-_n-b k-Ôn-h-sc-bp-Å Im-e-L-«- n-\n-S-bn-Â hf-sc Ipd- v B-fp-I-f-Ãm-sX C-kvv-emw kzo-I-cn- n-«n-Ã. F-¶m-Â, lp-ssZ_n-b k-Ônap-X Â a-¡m hn-P-bw-h-sc-bp-Å k-a-b- n-\n-S-bn-Â, G-I-tZ-iw ]-Xn-\m-bn-cw B-fp-I-Ä ap-kvv-enapI-fm-bn. A-h-À X-½n-se C-S-]-g-I-em-bn-cp-¶p A-Xn-\p Im-c-Ww. A-h-À-¡n-S-bn-se k-am-[m-\ k-Ôn-bm-Wv A-Xn-\v h-gn sh- Xv. CXp-sIm-v X-s¶-bm-Wv, C-kvvemw C-X-c-a-X-Ø-cp-am-bp-f-f "kwc-£-W I-cm-À" \-S-¸n-Â h-cp- n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.( -Xm-hm-kp-_vIo 2: 404)

Cu Bi-bw Ir-Xy-am-bn ]-d-ªm-Â, Ø-e§-sf kq-cy-K-Xn-¡-c-\p-k-cn-¨v B-cm[-\m k-a-b-§-Ä-¡pw k-a-b......K-W-\-I-Ä-¡p-am-bn th-À-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p Xp-ey-amWv. A-Y-hm Nn-e-Ø-e-§-fn-Â kq-tcym-Z-b-hpw A-kv-X-a-bhpw ap-gp-h³ k-a-b-hpw hy-h-

71

Øm]n-X co-Xn-bn-em-bn-cn-¡pw. A-hn-sS B-cm-Z-\m-k-a-b-§fpw A§-s\ X-s¶.

C-Xv hn-i-Ie-\w sN-¿p-t¼m-Ä `q-a-[y-tc-J-bn-Â ]q-Pyw Un-{Kn ap-X-Â 42 Un-{Kn h-sc, ù-a A-S-bm-f-§-Ä hy-Xym-kan-Ãm-sX Xp-S-cp-¶-Xpw, 42 ap-X-Â 62 Un-{Kn-hsc, A-h-hy-Xym-k-s -Sp-¶Xpw Im-Wm-\m-Ipw. C¯-cw hy-Xym-kw _m-[n-¡p-¶nS-§-fn-Â cm-{Xn k-a-bw tIh-ew \mtem At©m a-Wn-¡q-dpw Zn-h-k- n-se _m-¡n ka-bw ap-gp-h-\pw ]-I-ep-am-bn-cn-¡pw. A-h-bn-Â Nn-e k-ab-¯v hy-Xym-k-§-Ä- Iq-Sp-Xtem Ip-dthm- A-\p- -h-s¸-Sp-I-bpw sN-¿pw. C-X-Sn-Øm-\-s -Sp-¯n, A-hn-S-§-fn-Â Po-hn-¡p-¶-bm-fpI-sS t\m¼pw t\m-¼p-Xp-dbpw F-§n-s\ Nn-«-s -Sp- pw?. A-Xn-\p {]-tXy-Iam-b I-À-½-im-kv-{X \nb-aw X-s¶ th-Ww. Cu a-Xw hn-im-e-X-bp-am-bm-Wv IS-¶p h-¶n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. tem-I-sam-¶-S-¦-ap-Å P-\-X-bv-¡v A-h-cp-sS B-hm-k-coXn-tbm hyh-Ø-tbm tZ-itam G-Xp-X-s¶-bm-bm-epw, A-h-cp-sS k-a-ky-IÄ-¡v ]qÀ-Ww \-Â-Im-\mWv Cu a-Xw B-K-X-am-bXv.

A-tX-k-a-bw ùaUn-{Kn 62 ap-X-Â {[p-hw h-sc-bp-Å Ø-e-§-fn-Â ù-am-S-bm-f-§-Ä Zr-iya-Ã. kzoU³, t\m-Àth t]m-ep-Å kv-Im³-Un-t\-hn-b-³ cm-Py-§-fpw, {[p-h{]-tZ-i-§-fn-se Xm-a-k-¡mcpw A-Xn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-amWv. A-h-À B-dp-am-kw Xp-S-À- -bm-bn A-kv-Xan-¡m- kq-cys\ Z-À-in-¡p-¶p. A-t¸m-Ä A-h-À- kp_-vln F-§n-s\ \n-kv-Icn-¡pw?.t\m-¼v F-t¸m-Ä Xp-S-§n F-t¸m-Ä A-h-km-\n-¸n-¡pw? Cu ta-J-e-bn-Â Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶ C¯-cw a-X-]-cam-b Im-cy-§-fn-Â F-´p-\n-e-]m-Sv A-\p-h-À-¯n-¡pw.

Cu Nn- bpw kn-²m- -hp-amWv, s]m-Xp-ho-£-W-hp-am-Wv I-À-½-im-kv-{X ]-Þn-Xsc, kp-Øn-c ù-a A-S-bm-f tZ-i§-Ä,

72

A-S-bm-f-§-Ä am-dn a-dn-bp-¶ tZ-i-§-Ä, `u-a A-S-bm-f-§-Ä Xo-sc C-Ãm-¯ tZ-i-§-Ä F-¶n§-s\ hn- -Pn-¡m-³ t{]-cn- n- -Xv. Cu ta-J-e-bn-Â Zo-\\p-k-cn- v Po-hn-¡m³ A-hn-sS- p-Im-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-I F-¶ k-Zp-t±-iy-am-Wv I-À-½ im-kv-{X-Ú-cp-sS e-£yw.

C-tX-km-l-N-cy-t¯m-Sm-Wv C-kvv-eman-I \nb-aw ]q-À-Wam-bn \-S- n-em-¡m-hp-¶ {]-tZ-i-§-Ä, C-kvv-em-ta-X-c {]-tZ-i¯v, {]-tXy-I \n-b-a-\n-À-am-Ww B-h-iy-am-bn h-cp-¶ co-Xn-bn-Â C-kvv-eman-I am-bn Po-hn-¡p-¶ ap-kvv-en-ap-I-Ä F¶ k-¦-ev-]-s¯ Xm-c-X-ay-s -Sp-t¯-Xv. A-§-s\-bm-Wv .......D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn l-\-^o a-Zv-l-_p-ImÀ, C-kv-em-ta-X-c tZ-i-§-fnÂ i-coA- v \n-b-a {]-Im-cw km-[p-hÃm- I¨-h-S C-S-]m-Sp-IÄ, A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW-¶pw, A-h-cp-am-bn A-\- -cm-h-Im-i \n-b-a-§Ä ]m-en-¡m-sa¶pw Nn- n- p Xp-S-§n-bXv.

Camw A-_q-l-\o^(d)hn-sâbpw A-t±-l-¯n-sâ a-Zv-l-_n-se A-{K-I-Wy-cp-sS-bpw, a-_v-kzq-Xzn-sâ c-N-bn-Xm-hv Camw kÀ-Jkn, _-Zm-C-D kz-lm-C-¡v-sâ c-N-bn-Xm-hv Camw Im-km-\n Xp-S-§n-b-hÀ D-Zm-l-cWw, ]pd-ta Camw im- n-Cu(d) A-t±-l-¯n-sâ a-Zv-l-_n-se ]n³-Km-an-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b-h-cp-tSbpw Nn- -bnÂ F- m-bn-cp-¶p ta-ep-²-cn- hn-j-b-¯n-Â D-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv F-¶v A-t\z-jn-¡p-t¼mÄ, a-X-]-c-am-b hn-[n-hn-e-¡p-I-fp-sS {]m-tbm-Kn-I X-e-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« Ir-Xyam-b cq-]-tc-Jbpw Np-äp-h-«-hpw hc- p sh-¡p-I- X-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p A-h-sc-¶v hy-à-am-hpw a-X-\n-b-a-§sf,

Np-cp-¡- nÂ, Zm-dpÂ Ip- À, Zm-dpÂ C-kvemw F-¶ hn- -P-\- n-sâ A-SnØm-\ Nn- Po-hn-X-amWv. A-sXm-cn-¡epw a-c-

73

W- n-sâtbm sIm-e-]m-X-I- nsâtbm i-{Xp-X-bpsStbm kw-L-«-\- nsâtbm ^n-tem-k- n-sb {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn¨Ã.

C\n, I-gn-ª 80 hÀ-j-¯n-\n-sS Xo-{h-Nn- m-[m-c-IÄ F§-s\ h-gn sX-än-sb-¶pw, Zm-dpÂ Ip- vÀ, Zm-dpÂ CÉmw F-¶ Pohn-X K-Ônbm-b B-ib-s¯ A-Xn-sâ a-Þ-e- nÂ \n-¶-hÀ F-§-s\ A-SÀ- n-am-än-sb-¶pw, Pohn-X hn-j-b- nÂ \n-¶v A-Xns\, sImÃn-sâbpw kÀ-Æ \m-i-¯n-tâ-bpw c-à-s¨m-cn- n-en-sâ-bpw X-Xz-im-kv-{X-am-¡n A-h-sc§-s\ am-än-sb-Sp- p-sh-¶pw, F-§-s\-bm-Wv B kp-µ-c Bi-bw ap-Énw-IÄ-¡pw, P-\-X-¡m-I-am-\hpw hn-]- nÂ hm-Xn-ep-IÄ Xpd-¶p h- -sX¶pw \-ap-¡v t\m-¡mw. Cu A-]-Y k-©mcw, P-\§-sf C-Éman-I IÀ-½-im-kv-{X hn-im-c-I-sc-¡p-dn¨pw F-¶p-am-{XaÃ, C-Ém-an-s\ Ip-dn- p X-s¶ sX-äp-[m-c-W-IÄ sh- p-]p-eÀ- m³ Im-c-W-ambn.

Zm-dpÂ Ip- -À, Zm-dpÂ Cu-am³ F-¶ hn-j-b-s¯-Ip-dn- v k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_n-\pw A-bm-fp-sS A-\p-N-c hr-µ- n\pw .......a-fmÀ hn-I-ehpw hn- n-¶-hpwam-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sm-Wp-ÅXv. cn-km-e-XpÂ Cu-am³ F-¶ Ir-Xn-bp-sS c-N-bn-Xmhv, kzm-en-lv k-cn-¿, ip-Iv-co ap-kv-Xz- , AÂ ^co-C AÂ Km-C-_-bp-sS c-N-bn-Xm-hv A-Ðp-Êemw -d{P, Xp-S-§n-b-hcpw ZmC-Kv D-Ä-s -sS kw-K-§fpw A-\p-N-c hr-µ- n-\v D-Zm-l-cWw.

k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v "Pn-em-enÂ" ]-d-bp¶p. " C-Ém-an-tâbpw ap-Éo-§-fp-tSbpw Im-gv-N-¸m-SnÂ tem-Iw c-m-bn X-cw Xn-cn-bp¶p. aq-¶m-a-sXm-¶nÃ Xs¶" H-¶v: Zm-dpÂ C-Émw . C-Éman-I \n-b-a-§Ä \-S- n-em-¡-s -Sp-I-bpw, C-Éman-I i-coA- v `-c-Wm-Sn- -d-bm-hp-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶ Ø-e-§Ä, A-hnS-s¯ B-fp-IÄ ap-gp-h-³ ap-Én-w-I-fm-bm-epw, AÃ-¦nÂ ap-Énw-Ifpw kw-c£-Ww

74

\Â-I-s -« C-X-c a-X-c-Ø-cp-am-bmepw , AÃ-¦nÂ B-fp-IÄ ap-gp-h-³ C-Ém-an-sâ kw-c-£-W-bn-em-Wv(ap-Énw-I-fÃ). ]t£, `-c-Wm-hn-Im-cn-IÄ ap-Énw-I-fm-Wv, C-Ém-a-\p-k-cn¨v `c-Ww \-S-¯p¶p. C-h-sbÃmw Zm-dpÂ CÉmw X-s¶. AY-hm H-cp cmPyw C-Ém-an-Iam-tWm AÃtbm F-¶-Xp am-{X-amWv.

cv: Zm-dpÂ lÀ_v. \m-«p-ImÀ B-cm-bn-cp-¶mepw , A-h-À ap-Énw-I-sf-¶p ]-d-ªmepw , th-Z-¡mÀ F-¶p ]-d-ªm-epw, Im-^n-dp-IÄ F-¶p ]-d-ªm-epw, C-Éman-I \n-b-a-§Ä \-S-¸n-em-¡-s -Sp-¶nÃ-¦nÂ, i-co-A- n-sâ `-c-W-L-S-bm-Ip-¶nÃ-¦nÂ A-Xv Zm-dpÂ lÀ-_v Xs¶. C-Éman-I i-co-A- -\p-k-cn- v hn-[n-¡-s -Sp-¶ptm CÃ-tbm F-¶-Xp-am-{X-am-Wn-hn-sS am-\-ZÞw.

AY-hm C-Éman-I k-aq-l-sa-¶mÂ ta-ep-²-cn- \nÀ-ÆN-a-\ {]-Im-c-ap-Å Zm-dpÂ C-Ém-an-se k-aq-lw am-{X-amWv. A- -c-¯n-ep-Å, AÃm-lp-hn-sâ Pohn-X hy-h-Øn-Xn-bnÂ \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-¶ i-co-A- -\p-k-cn- v hn-[n IÂ- n-¡-s -Sp-¶ k-aq-l- nÂ am-{X-am-Wv Po-h\pw kz- pw s]m-Xp-hy-h-Øn-Xnbpw kw-c-£n-¡-s -Sm³ AÀ-l-X-bp-Åq. A-hn-sS am-{X-am-Wv s]m-Xp kp-c£-¡v `w-Kw h-cp- p-¶h-sc \ne-¡p \nÀ-t¯-Xv. kz- n\pw Po-h\pw F-Xn-tc A-Xn-{I-aw \-S- p-¶h-sc i-coA- p hn-[n {]-Im-cw in-£n-t¡-Xv. Imc-Ww A¯-cw k-aq-lw D-¶-X-hpw t{k-j-S-hpw, \o-Xn ]qÀ-Æ-Ihpw kz-X-{´-hpam-b H-¶mWv. A-hn-sS i-à\pw ZpÀ-_-e-\p-saÃmw sXm-gn-en\pw Pohn-X hr- n-¡pw B-h-iyam-b \-S-]-Sn-IÄ F-Sp-¯p I-gn-ªn-«p-v. \·-¡v A-\p-Kp-Whpw Xn-·-¡ {]-Xn-Ip-e-hpam-b km-l-N-cywhpw t{]-c-I-§fpw ap-gp-h³ X-e-¯n-epw A-hn-sS k-Ö-am-Wv. A-hn-sS Po-hn-¡p-¶ Hm-tcm-cp- cpw Cu kw-hn-[m-\w A-hÀ-¡p I-\n-ªp \Â-Ip-¶ A-\p-{K-l-§Ä Im- p kw-c-£n-¡epw a-äp-Å-h-cp-sS

75

Poh³, kz-¯v , A- n-am-\w Xp-S-§n-b-h-bv-¡v hn-e IÂ-¸n-¡epw , cm-Py kp-c-£-¡v kw-c£-Ww \Â-Iepw kz- w _m-[y-X-bm-bn Im-tW--Xpv. Imc-Ww A-hÀ A-hn-sS \nÀ- -b\pw kp-c-£n-X\pw hn-P-b {io-em-fn-X-\p-am-bn A-h-Im-i-§Ä kw-c-£n-¡-s -«v, am-\pjn-I-hpw, km-aq-ln-I-hpam-b ap-gp-h³ v-h-Im-i-§fpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡-s -«v Po-hn-¡p-I-bmWv. C-Xn-s\Ãmw ti-jw B-sc-¦n-epw Cu hy-h-Øn-Xn-s¡-Xn-sc A-h³ sX-½m-Snbpw Ip-ä-hm-fn-bpw A-Xn-{I-an-bp-amWv. A-h³ ITn-\am-b in-£-bÀ-ln-¡p¶p. A-tX ka-bw Cu \-S-]-Sn-IÄ ap-gph³ Du-l-§-fp-sS _-e- n-em-hm-Xn-cn-¡m\pw kw-i-b-§-fp-sSbpw A-hy-à-X-I-fp-sS-bpw t]-cnÂ th-s-¶p sh-¡m\pw kw-hn-[m-\w D-m-bn-cn-¡Ww.

A-tX k-abw, Zm-dpÂ lÀ-_n-sâ ap-¼v ]-d-ª \nÀ-Æ-N\-s¯ ap³ \nÀ¯n, AXnt\m A-hn-sS Po-hn-¡p-¶-hÀ-t¡m C-Éman-I i-coA- v hn- m-h-\ sN-¿p-¶ bm-sXm-cp kw-c-£-W-¡pw AÀ-l-X-bnÃ. Imc-Ww A-hÀ {]m-Y-an-I-am-bn¯-s¶ i-coA- v \-S- n-em-¡p-¶nÃ. C-Ém-an-sâ A-[o-iXzw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡-¶p-anÃ. Zm-dpÂ C-Ém-anÂ C-Éman-I i-co-A- -\p-k-cn- v Po-hn-¡p-¶ ap-ÉnI-sf kw-_-Ôn- n-S-t¯m-fw Zm-dpÂ lÀ_v, kp-c£n-X Ø-e-aÃ-Xm-\pw.

C-Ém-anÂ B tZ-i- n-t\m , A-hnS-s¯ kz- nt\m Po-ht\m H-cp kw-c-£-W-hp-anÃ, A-h A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. D-S-¼-Sn-IÄ \-S- n-em-¡-s -Sp-¶ Np-äp-]m-Sv \n-e-hn-ep-s-¦nÂ, A-h-bp-sS A-Sn-Øm-\¯n-sem-gnsI. A-tX {]-Im-cw , C-Éman-I i-coA- v Zm-dpÂ lÀ-_n-se sam-_À-amÀ¡v, A-hÀ D-S¼-Sn {]-Im-cw Zm-dpÂ C-Ém-an-te-¡v {]-th-in-¡p-¶ k-ab-¯v A-h-À-¡v kp-c-£-bpw \nÀ- -b-Xzhpw \Â-tI--XmWv. A-Xv apÉnw `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bp-sS _m-[y-Xm-bm-Wv. (fn-emÂ 2:873)

76

Cu kw-km-cw A-t§A-äw Kp-cp-X-c-amWv. ap-Énw-IÄ ap-gp-h³ hn-\-bm-bn- oÀ-¶, A-h-cp-sS c-à-sam-gp-In-b, A-hÀ-¡p X-s¶ hn-]-¯n-sâ hm-Xm-b-\-§Ä Xpd-¶, Zm-Civ, AÂ Im-C-Z Xp-S§n-b ap-gp-h³ Xo-{h Nn- m [m-c-Ifpw A-h-cp-sS {]m-tbm-KnI-cm ssI-h-cn-¡p¶-Xv C-Xp t]m-ep-Å Im-gv-N- m-Sp-I-fnÂ \n-¶mWv.

Imc-Ww k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_v ]-d-bp¶-Xv \-ap-¡v Npäpw t]m-Iw H-¶p-¦nÂ Zm-dpÂ CÉmw AÃ-¦nÂ Zm-dpÂ lÀ_v. aq-¶m-a-sXm-¶nÃ Xs¶. A§-s\ h-cp-t¼mÄ ap-Énw-IÄ-¡v a-äp-Å-h-cp-am-bn k-l-hÀ- n-¡m-hp-¶ H-cp aÞ-ew CÃ Xs¶!

am-{X-aÃ At-±-l- n-sâ Zm-dpÂ Ip- vÀ F¶-Xv ap-gp-h³ apÉnw cm-Py-§fpw D-Ä-s¡m-Åp-¶-XmWv. Imc-Ww A-t±-lw Ah-sc ap-gp-h³ B-Zy-ta a-X-{`-ã-cm-¡p-I-bpw Pm-ln-en-¿m k-aq-l-am-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡pbpw sN-bv-Xn-«pv. Cu Pm-ln-en¿-¯v F¶-Xv A-t±-l-¯n-\v ssZ-h-\n-tj-[-hpw a-X-{`-ã-hp-aÃm-sX a-säm-¶paÃ.

C-\n H-cp Zm-dpÂ C-Émw F¶-Xv km-[y-am-hm-³ H-cp tZ-it¯m {]-tZ-it¯m H-cp hn- m-Khpw H-cp hy-ànbpw A-hn-Sw Zm-dpÂ C-Ém-am-sW-¶v hm-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p¶-sX km-[y-a-sÃ-¶m-Wv A-t±-l- n-sâ \n-e-]mSv.

kz-bw Zm-dpÂ C-Émw F-¶p hn-tijWw Cu hn- m-K-hpw, a-äp Zn-bm-dpÂ Ip- v-dpw X-½n-se ]-c-kv-]-c _-Ôw k-am-[m-\-anÃm- \nc- -c bp-²-¯n-tâ-XmWv. A-t±-l- n-sâ Im-gv-N-¸m-SnÂ Zm-dpÂ C-Ém-anÂ am-{X-am-Wv \nÀ- -bXzw \n-e-\nÂ-¡p-I. A-hn-sS am{Xw Po-h\pw kz¯pw s]m-Xp hy-h-Øbpw kw-c-£n-¡-s -Sp-I.

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F-¶mÂ , apÉnw cm-Py-§Ä ap-gp-h³ DÄ-s -Sp-¶ Zm-dpÂ lÀ-_m-hs«, AXn-t\m A-Xn-se B-fp-IÄt¡m H-cp \nÀ- -b-Xz-¯n\pw A-h-Im-i-anÃ. Imc-Ww A-h Zm-dpÂ C-Ém-an-s\ kw-_-Ôn- n-S-t¯m-fw kp-c£n-X tI-{µ-§fÃ. A-hn-sS Po-h-\p-IÄ-¡v hn-e-bnÃ.

C-cp-fS-ª, k-¦oÀ-®-am-b, kz-bw ]o-U\w \n-d-ªp Xp-fp-¼p-¶ Cu Im-gv-N- m-Sn-se H-cp hm-¡p-Ifpw B-i-b-§-fpw \mw H-cn-an- p Iq-«n {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn hn-e-bn-cp- n-bmÂ C¶s¯ "Zm-C-iv" \-½p-sS I¬-ap-¼nÂ ]qÀ-®-cq-]n-bm-bn h-¶p \n-Â-¡p-¶-Xv Im-Wm-\m-hpw. AÂ Jm-C-Zbpw a-äp sX-½m-Sn-, `o-I-chm-Z kw-L-S-\-I-fpw A-Xp {]-Im-cw Xs¶.

Camw apÉnw A-t±-l- n-sâ kz-lo-lnÂ \-_n(kz) ]-d-bp-¶-Xm-bn dn-t¸mÀ-« sN-¿p-¶p." F-sâ D-½- n-s\-Xn-sc H-cmÄ B-bp-[-hp-am-bn ]p-d-s -«mÂ A-h³ A-h-cn-se k-Xv hr- -s\-bpw sX-½m-Sn-tbbpw sh-«n a-eÀ-¯p¶p, A-h³ ap-Av-an-\n-s\ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶nÃ, D-S-¼-Sn-¡mÀ-¡v A-Xn-sâ Øm-\w \Â-Ip-¶p-anÃ. A§-s\ h-cp-In³ A-h³ F-¶nÂ s]-«-h-t\m, Rm³ A-h-t\m-Sv _-Ô-s¸-«-ht\m AÃ(kz-lo-lv ap-Énw6:21,In-Xm-_pÂ C-jmd-Xv).

A-t¸m-Ä ]ns¶, A-§-bp-sS kz- w k-aq-l-¯n-\p t\-sc X-s¶ ]-S-¸p-d- m-Sp \-S-¯p-¶-h-sc-¡p-dn- v F- p ]-d-bm-\mWv. Ah-sc A-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-¡p-I-bpw, inÀ¡m-tcm]-Ww \-S-¯p-Ibpw A-hÀ-¡p-taÂ A-[o-iXzw Øm-]n-¡p-I-bpw, A-h-cp-sS Iq-«- nÂ X-s¶ hn-L-Sn- p \nÂ-¡p-I-bpw, A-h-cn-se \Ã-h-scbpw sX-½m-Sn-I-sfbpw h-I-h-cp- p-I-bpw, A-h-cn-se ap-Av-an-\n-s\ ]-cn-K-Wn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bpw, hm-Kv-Zm-\-§fpw D-S-¼-Sn-Ifpw

78

ew-Ln-¡p-Ip-bpw sN-bv-X-Xn-\p tijw, A-hÀ am-{X-am-Wv C-Ém-an-sâ B-fp-I-sf-¶p hm-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶-h-sc-¡p-dn- v tem-IÀ-¡v ap-gp-h³ A-\p-{K-l-am-bn B-K-Xam-b A-§-bp-sS Zo³ A-h-cp-sS ssI-I-fmÂ , tem-IÀ-¡p ap-gp-h³ in-£bpw hn-]-¯p-am-bn- o-cp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p¶p.

"fn-em-epÂ JpÀ-B-\nÂ" A-t±-lw ]-d-ªp."Cu Zo-\n-¶v A-Xn-sâ {]Xn-tbm-KnI-sf {]Xn-tcm-[-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m³ B-hnÃ X-s¶. tem-IÀ-¡p ap-gp-h-\m-bn AÃm-lp-hn-sâ dp-_q-_n¿-¯v hym-Jym-\w h-gnbpw ssZ-th-X-c i-I-à-I-fnÂ \n-¶v Ah-s\ kz-X-{´-\m-¡p-Ibpw h-gn Cu Zo-\n-sâ tI-h-e km-¶n[yw km-[y-am-hpw. Cu km-¶n-[y-¯n-\v H-cp {]m-Øm\n-I kw-L-iàn, Pm-ln-eo t\-Xr-Xz-aÃm- H-cp ]p-Xp-\n-c-bp-sS Io-gnÂ D-m-th--Xpv. a-\p-jy-cnÂ H-cmÄ¡pw lm-In-an¿-¯v hn-[n- p \Â-Im-¯Xpw , AÃm-lp-hn-\v am-{Xw A-Xp \Â-Ip-Ibpw sN-¿p-¶ kz-X-{´hpw hy-Xn-cn-à-hpam-b H-cp hn- m-K-amhpw AXv.

{]-kvXp-X co-Xn-bn-ep-Å Cu a-X- n-sâ km-¶n[yw Xs¶ A-Xn-\p Np-äp-ap-Å P-m-ln-eo k-aq-l§-sf F-XnÀ-¡p-Ibpw hy-àn ]q-P-bnÂ \n-¶v Ah-sc X-S-bp-I-bpw, kz-bw \n-e-\Â- n-\m-bn Ah-sb CÃmbv-a sN-¿p-hm³ {i-an-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pw. kz-bw {]Xn-tcm-[- n-\m-bp-Å ]pXn-b k-aq-l- n-sâ ap-t¶-äw A-Xym-h-iy-hp-am-W-tÃm.

C-Xv H-cp \nÀ-_Ôn-X C-S-s]-S-emWv. C-Xn-\v C-Ém-an-t\m-fw ]m-c-¼-cy-ap-Å \nÀ-_Ôn-X _m-[y-X-bm-Wv. A-[n-I-Im-ew k-a-c-k-s -«p t]m-hm- c-v A-Øn-Xz-§Ä X-½n-ep-Å H-gn- p Iq-«m-\m-hmkw-L-«\w.

(fn-emÂ3:1441)

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ho-pw A-t±-lw ]-d-bp-¶p "A-hÀ F- n-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶ Pm-ln-en-¿- pw, A-h-cp-sS hy-h-Øn-Xn-Ifpw [mÀ½n-I Np-äp-]m-Sp-I-fpw F- n-t¨À-¶n-cn-¡p-¶ A-h-Ømhn-ti-jhpw Cu a-X- n-\p tbm-Pn¨p-t]m-hm³ km-[n-¡p-¶ X-c- n-ep-Å-X-sÃ-¶v A-hÀ-¡-dn-bmw. Cu a-Xw B-[n-]Xyw t\-Sp-Ibpw Pm-ln-en¿- v \o-§n-t¸m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-thm-fw Cu kw-L«-\w \n-e-¡p-I-tbm, A¯-cw Np-äp-]m-Sp-I-tfm-Sv Zo³ A-\p-I-¼ ]p-eÀ-¯p-Itbm sN-¿n-sÃ¶pw A-hÀ-¡-dn-bmw. A-Yhm, `q-an-bnÂ ]qÀ-®m-[n-Im-cw AÃm-lp-hn-\p am-{X-am-hWw. AÃm-lp-hn-sâ A-[nIm-c ]-cn-[n-bnÂ A-Xn-{I-aw \-S- p-¶ ap-gp-h³ A-{I-a-Im-cn-Ifpw B«n-tbm-Sn-¡-s¸-SWw. A§-s\ am-{X-ta Zo³ ap-gp-h³ AÃm-lp-hn-\m-bn F-¶v ]-d-bm-\m-hq"(fn-emÂ 2:1061).

Zm-dpÂ lÀ_v, Zm-dpÂ CÉmw F-¶ hn-j-b-¯nÂ ]-Þn-X h-tc-Wy-cp-sS hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-hpw, A-h X-½n-se hy-Xym-k-§fpw , hn-[n-hn-e-¡p-Ifpw \mw a-\-Ên-em-¡p-I-bpw A-Xn-\p ti-jw C¶-s¯ ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d-bp-sS Im-gv-N- m-Sv \mw ]-cn-tim-[n-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xm-Â, A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ Zo-\n-se s]m-Xp ZÀ-i-\- nÂ \n-¶v A-Xn-kq-£va ssh-Úm\n-I k-c-Wn-bn-eq-sS I-cp-W-bp-tSbpw B-izm-k-¯n-sâbpw al-Zv k-tµ-i-§Ä D-cp- n-cn-s -Sp-¡p-¶-Xpw, Cu ssh-Úm\n-I k-c-Wn-bp-sS A- m-h- nÂ A-tX ZÀ-i-\- nÂ \n-¶p X-s¶, sh-dp-¸n-sâ-bpw G-äp-ap-«-en-sâbpw kw-L-«-\- n-sâbpw Bi-bw \nÀ-an-s -Sp¯v, Zo-\n-\pw A-]-IoÀ-¯n kw- -hn-¡p-¶Xpw \-ap-¡v Im-Wm-\m-hpw.

Zm-dpÂ C-Émw, Zm-dpÂ Ip- vÀ F-¶ Cu hÀ-Ko-Ic-Ww ln-P-d-bp-sS aq-¶v \m-ev \q-äm-p-I-fn-em-Wv kw- -hn-¡p-¶Xv. A-¶-h ]q-À-®-am-bpw A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-hpw kp-Øn-c-hp-am-b B-i-b-am-bn-cp¶p. A-h-bnÂ \yq\-X-tbm, A-h Im-c-W-am-bn A]-I-S km-

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[y-Xtbm Bcpw hn-Nm-cn- nÃ. am-\hn-I Nn-´-bp-sS ]p-tcm-KXn-tbm-S-\p-_-Ô-am-bn , Cu Nn- bpw B-[p-\n-Iam-b ]qÀ-®-am-bpw a-säm-cp \m-a-t[-b- n-te-¡v ]-cn-hÀ- n-X-am-bn C-¶Xv, A- m-cm-{ã _-Ô-§Ä F-t¶m, A- m-cm-{ã k-l-Ic-Ww Ft¶m A-X-dn-b-s -Sp¶p.

A-Yhm, Camw A-_q l-\o- -bpw a-äp {]-ap-Jcpw G-I-tZ-iw 1300 hÀ-j-§-Ä-¡v ap¼v, B-tem-N-\ \-S¯n-b H-cp hnj-bw , C-¶p \-½p-sS km-l-N-cy- nÂ kz- -am-bn \n-Zm-\-§-fpw, \n-b-a-§-fpw, h-àm-¡-fpw, hy-h-Øn-bp-ap-Å H-cp hnÚm-\ im-J-bm-bn am-dn. A- m-cm-{ã k-lI-c-W ]T-\w F-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-I-bpw A- m-cm-{ã \n-b-a-§Ä A-XnÂ \n-¶pw D-cp- n-cn-bp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. D-S-¼-Sn-I-fnepw I-cm-dp-I-fnepw t{]m-t«m-tIm-fp-I-fn-epw, hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-¶ A- m-cm-{ã _Ôw. A-Xp X-s¶-bm-Wv C-amw A-_q-l\o-^(d) a-säm-cp t]-cnÂ A-h-X-cn- n- Xpw ]-cn-N-b-s -Sp- n-b-Xpw.

]n-¶oSv, ]p-Xn-b Im-es¯, Nn-e K-th-j-IÀ Camw ap-l½-Zv _v-\p l-k³ AÂ ssi-_m-\n-bp-sS "A-Ê-bvÀ AÂ I-_oÀ" F-¶ {K-Ùw \n-c´-c hn-i-I-e-\-§Ä-¡p hn-t[-b-am-¡n-b-t¸mÄ, A-Xv hn-i-ZoIcn-¡p-¶, C-Ém-an-sâ B-Zy ]vm-Z-¯nÂ A-c-t§dn-b bp-²-§Ä, Zu-Xy kw-L§Ä, I¨-h-S bm-{X-IÄ, G-äp-ap-«-epIÄ, D-S-¼-Sn-IÄ, hy-h-Øn-XnIÄ, k-am[m-\ k-Ôn-IÄ Xp-S§n-b ]-c-kv-]-c k-l-hÀ-Xn- z Nn-{X-§Ä A-hÀ a-\-Ên-em-¡p-I-bpw A-§s\, A- m-cm-{ã _-Ô§-sf kw-_-Ôn-¨v hn-c-Nn-Xam-b B-Zy {K-Ù-am-Wn-sX-¶v A-hÀ hn-[n IÂ- n-¡p-I-bp-ap-mbn. ]n-¶o-Sv 1968 Â "Pw-C-¿-Xp ssi-_m\n" F-¶ t]-cnÂ ]m-co-knÂ H-cp \n-b-a kwL-S-\ cq-]o-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-Ibpw A-hÀ Camw ssi-_m-\n-sb Ip-dn- pw A-t±-l- n-sâ {]-kv-Xp-X {KÙ-

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s¯ Ip-dn¨pw ]T-\w \-S-¯p-I-bpw sN-bvXp. bq-tdm-]y³ N-cn-{X-¯nÂ A-Xn-\p k-am-\am-b H-cp {K-Ùw ]n-d-hn-sb-Sp-¡m³ ssi-_m-\n-bp-sS {K-Ù-¯n-\p ti-jw B-dp \q-äm-p k-a-b-sa-Sp- -h-s{X!.Camw ssK-_d\nbpw {K-Ù- n-Â,]n-¶o«pw ]-e B-[p\n-I K-th-j-I kw-L-§-fpw kq-j \n-co-£-Whpw hn-i-I-e-\hpw \-S- p-I-bp-mbn. A-h-À B-[p\n-I hn-P-Rm-\o-b-§-fp-sS sh-fn- - nÂ B B-ib-§-sf hn-e-bn-cp¯n. A-Xn-sâ -e-am-bn A-Â-ä-Av-l-a-Â A-Â Be-an en-Â-^n-Iv-À A-Â C-kv-emao 12 `m-K-§-fn-embn "C-Éman-I A- m-cm-{ã _-Ô-§-fp-sS hnP- \ tImiw" F-¶ t]-cn-Â H-cp _yl-Xv {KÙw ]p-d- n-dIn. A-¶v ssi-_m-\o kw-km-cn- p ] -Xp X-s¶-bm-Wv C-¶-s¯ A- m-cm-{ã _-Ô-§-sf-¶pw.temI-s¯ Zm-dp-Â C-Émw,Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-À F-¶ A-t±-l-¯n-sâ h-À-Ko-I-c-W-¯n-\v C-¶v Nn-e ]q-À-¯o-I-c-W-§fpw A-\p-_-Ô-§fpw B-h-iy-am-W-¶pw D²y-X c-v a-Þ-e-§-Ä¡p ]p-dta. D-S-¼-Sn-I-Ä \n-e-\n-Â-¡-¶-{]-tZ-iw F-¶ A-À-°- n-Â.ap-¶-a-sXm-cp `m-K-am-bn Zm-dp-Â A-lv-Zv D-Ä-s -Sp- -¶ sa-¶pw Cu {K-Ùw hn-i-Zn-I-cn-¡p¶p.

B-[p\n-I K-th-j-I-cn-Â s]-« D-kv-Xm-Zv B-_n-Zv A-Â kp-^v-bm-\o,temI-s¯ Zm-dp-Â C-Émw,Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-À F-¶o co-Xn-bn-Â th-À-Xn-cn-¡p-¶ hn-j-b- n-Â H-cp K-th-j-W {]-_-Ôw X-¿m-dm-¡p-I-bpw,]p-cm-X-\ I-À-·-im-kv-{X hn-imcZ-cp-sS A- n-{]-m-b- n-Â Cu c-v hn- m-K-§-fn-Â am-{Xw tem-Iw kw-c-£n-]v-Xam-sW-¶ hn-j-b- n-Â C-Pv-amAv (]-Þn-X-cp-sS G-I I-Þam-b A- n-{]mbw) D-s¶pw aq¶-a-sXm-¶v km-[y-a-sÃ\pw hm-Zn-¡p-I-bp--bn. A-Xn-\p hn-]-co-X-am-bn,tUm-Î-À C-kv-am-Cu-Â -Xz-lo, A-Xn {_-l¯m-b H-cp k-a-{K-K-thj-Ww {K-Ùw c-Nn-¡p-I-bpw, D-kv-Xm-Zv B-_n-Zv kp- vbm-\n-bp-sS C-Pv-am-Av hmZ-s¯ \n-cm-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw tem-I-¯v ap-Én-I-Ä ]-e-bn-S¯pw hym-]n- -Xn-\mepw

82

A-hn-sS-sbÃmw C-Éman-I N-cy-bn-Â Po-hn-¡m³ km-[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mepw ]-g-b h-À-Ko-Ic-Ww kz- m-hn-I-\bpw Cu co-Xn-bn-Â B-bn- n-cp-sa¶pw A-t±-lw k-a-À-°n¨p.

]n-¶o-Sv tUm-Î-À ap-lv-bp-±o³ A-ÒZv Jm-knw A-tZ-l- n-sâ tUm-Î-td-äv {]-_Ôw "B-[p-\nI tem-I {I-a- n-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\- n-Â tem-I-¯n-sâ C-Éman-I h-À-Ko-I-c-Ww"F-¶ X-e-s¡-«nÂ ssItdm bp-kn-än-bn-se km-¼-¯n-I cm{ã-b ]T-\ Im-cy-hn- m-K- n-Â k-a-À- n-¡p-I-bp-bn. Cu {]-_-Ô- n-Â, C-¶p \mw F- n-t¨-À-¶ ap-gp-h³ B-i-b-§-fpw A-tZ-lw k-a-À- n-¡p-I-bp-w, Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-À Zm-dp-Â CÉmw h-À-Ko-I-c-W-§-fn-eq-sS I-À-·-im-kv-{X hn-im-cp-Z-am-cpsS b-Ym-À-° D-tZ-iyhpw A-tZ-lw hn-i-Zn-I-cn-¡p¶p. Xp-SÀ-¶v I-gnª 80 h-À-j- n-\n-sS Xo {]hm-Z Nn- m-[m-c-I-Ä Cu B-i-b-§-sf k-¦p-Nn-´-am-¡p-I-bpw,I-À-½-im-kv-{X ]-Þn-X-cp-sS b-Y-À-° D-t±-iy e-£y§-sf A-h-sc§-s\ A-h-K-Wn- p-sh¶pw A-t±-lw hn-i-I-cn-¡p¶p.

B-[n-\n-I I-À-·-im-kv-{X hn-im-cZ-À, ]pXn-b H-cp ]mTy hn-j-b-am-bn amdn-b A- m-cm-{ã _-Ô§-sf Ip-dn- v K-th-j-W-§-Ä \-S- n-s¡-n-cnt¡, Cu a-t\m-l-c Nn-´m-K-Xn-sb kz-¿n-Zv Jp-Xzp-_pw, ap-l½-Zv A_-Zp Êemw ^m-P-dpw kzm-en-lv k-cn-¿-bpw, Zm-Cipw A-h-cp-sS Ip-_p-²n-bn-Â Cu Nn´-sb sh«n-sbm-Xp-¡p-Ibpw , Zm-dp-Â C-Émapw Zm-dp-Â ¡p-^vdpw ]-c-kv]-cw G-äp-ap-«-en-sâbpw km-bp-[ kw-L-«-\-¯n-sâbpw k-a-hm-Iy-§-fm-sW-¶pw A-hn-sS c-à-s¨m-cn- n-emWv {]-[m-\-sa¶pw h-cp- n-¯o-À¯p. am-{X-a-Ã Cu B-i-b§-sf A-h-À,apÉnw s]m-Xp k-aql-s¯ t]mepw Im- n-dp-I-fm-bn Nn-{Xn-I-cn- ti-jw ,A-h-À Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-s\-bpw C-X-c Ad-_v C-Éman-I cm-Py-§-sfbpw Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-dm-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡m-\p-Å {i-aw \-S- p-Ibpw A-

83

h-bp-am-bn B-bp-[-k-a-c- n-sâ-bpw sIm-e-bp-sS-bpw c-à-s¨m-cn-¨n-en-sâbpw ]m-X sX-c-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw Cu sX-am-Sn¯-s¯ Pn-lm-sZ-¶v hn-ti-jn- n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p¶p.

F-{X-sb-{X \n-b-a kw-ln-X-I-Ä C-Xn-\m-bn Xn-c-kv-I-cn-¡-s -«p, tem-IÀ-¡v A-\p-{K-l-hpw k-·m-À-Khpw Pohn-X tc-J-bp-am-bn F-{X-sb-{X ssZhn-I A-Sn- -d-I-Ä A-Xn \o-Nam-b hn-[- n-Â h-f-s¨m-Sn-¡-s -«p.A-_-²-P-U-eam-b hn-i-Zn-I-c-Ww \-Â-I-s¸«p.

Cu B-i-b-§-Ä, ap-Énwa-X-c {]-tZ-i-§-fn-Â C-Ém-an-s\ \-S-¸n-em-¡p-\p-Å h-gn-bm-th--Xn-¶p ]I-cw D±y-X Xo-{h Nn- m-K-Xn-¡m-À-¡v. A-dn-hn-sâbpw Zo-\n-sâbpw kp-c-£-bp-sS-bpw A-Xn-ep]-cn A-Â A-k-l-cn-sâbpw \mSm-b Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-s\ D-Ä-s -sS C-Éman-I cm-Py-§-sf, Zm-dp-Â l-À-_m-¡n am-äp-hm-\pw A-h-bv-s¡-Xn-sc a-X-\n-tj-[w Np-a- m-\pw,Zm-dp-Â C-Ém-an\pw Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-dn-\p-S-bn-Â, hn-Nn-{X-am-b co-Xn-bn-Â A-h-À D-cp- n-cn-t¨-«-¯ kw-L-«-\- n-sâbpw \n-Xm- i-{Xp-X-bp-sS-bpw km-bp-[ kw-L-À-j- n-sâ-bpw A-À-° X-e-§-Ä {]-tbm-Kn-¡m\pw A-Xn-s\ Pn-lm-sZ-¶v t]-cp hn-fn-¡m\pw A-hÀ tIm- p IpSp.

]n-¶o-Sv, C-_v\vp Xo-an-bp a-säm-cp B-ib-s¯ hn-iI-e-\ hn-t[-b-am-¡p-I-bp-mbn. H-cp k-¦ep-X tK-lw (Zm-À-ap-J-X-enXz) F-¶v B-ib-s¯ Ip-dn- A-tZ-l- n-sâ B tem-N-\-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p A-Xn-\p \n-Zm\w. Zm-dp-Â C-Émw F-t¶m Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-À Ft¶m \n-À-Æ-Nn-¡-s¸-Sm-hm- Nn-e-{]-tXy-I km-l-N-cy-§-Ä. D-Zm-l-c-W-ambn, H-cp ap-Énw {]-tZ-i- v H-cp A-ap-Énam-b H-cp `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn B-[n-]Xyw ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡p-Ibpw `c-Ww \-S- p-Ibpw sN¿p-I . Xm-À- m-cn-I-fp-sS ]m-tbm-Sp-¡m-e¯v im-an-sâ Nne

84

`m-K-§-fn-Â kw- -hn¨-Xv A-Xm-bn-cp-¶p-h-tÃm. C-hn-sS P-\w ap-Én-Ifpw `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn B ap-Énapw B-W-tÃm? C-Xn-¶p k-¦en-X tKlw (Zm-À ap-d-¡¼Xv) F-¶v hn-fn-¡-s -Smw. A-Xn-\v {]-tXy-Iam-b A-h-Øm-hn-ti-j-§-fp-m-h-Ww. F¶pw C-_v-\p-Xp-an-¿ Nn- n¨p. X-{X hn-j-b-I-am-bn A-t±-lw H-cp {K-Ùw ]p-d- n-d-¡p-Ibpw " -Xm-hm am-À-Zo-\n¿" F-¶p t]-cp sh-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp "am-À-ao³" F-¶Xv C_-\p Xn-cn-¿ P-\n-¡p-Ip-I-bpw ]n- -sh-¡p-Ibpw sNbv-X {]-tZ-i-am-Wv. Xm-À-Xo-cn-I-fp-sS I-S-¶m-{I-a-W-t¯m-sS A-t±-lw Ip-Spw-_ k-ta-Xw A-hn-sS \n-¶v Ip-«n-tb-dp-I-bm-bn-cp¶p.

C-_v-\p Xo-an-¿ ]-d-¶p. C-sXm-cp k-¦-kn-X tK-l-am-Wv. C-hn-sS A-Xn-\v kp-ly-Xam-b Nn-e \n-b-a hy-h-Øn-I-Ä B-h-iy-amWv. "ap-Én-an-s\ A-h-\-À-ln-¡p-¶ co-Xn-bn-Â s]-cp-am-d-s -«-Ibpw .C-Ém-an-s\ A-h-K-Wn- v ap-t¶m-«p t]m-Ip-¶-h³ A-h-\-À-ln-¡p-¶ co-Xn-bn-Â bp-²-s -Sp-Ibpw sN-¿pw.. ]pXn-b Xo-{h Nn-´m-K-Xn-¡m-cpw,a-X {`-{ã-«-hm-Z-¡mcpw D²y-X hm-Iy- n-Â " bp-²w sN-¿-s -«" sa-¶ hm-N-I-¯n-sâ Nph-Sp ]n-Sn- X-§-fp-sS c-à cq-£nX t]m-cm-«-§Ä-¡v A-Sn-¯-d-sbm-cp¡n.

C-hn-sS ]-e A-hy-à-X-I-Ä _m-¡n-bmWv. Imc-Ww Cu -Xv-h-bn-se ]-e hm-N-I-§fpw A-g-Ip-g-_³ {]-kv-Xm-h-\-I-

fmWv. A-sg-¦n-Â "i-co-¯-Xn-Â \n¶pw AI-¶p t]m-b-h³" F¶-Xp sIm-v A-sc-b-Wv D-tZ-in- Xv? A-sXm-cp hen-b X-e-am-WtÃm? F-s´-¦nepw sN-dp-]m-h-I-Ä sN-¿p-¶-h-À ap-X-Â k-aq-l- n-s\m-¶S-Iw \m-iw hn-X-Ip-¶-h³ h-sc C-Xn-Â s]-«-¶p--tÃm. A-Xp-sIm-v X-s¶ C-_v-\p Xn-an-¿-bp-sS {]-kv-Xm-h-\ tI-h-e I-Â-]-\hpw hm-N-I-I-Ä A-kq-£-a-hp-amWv.

85

"bp-²w sN-¿-s¸S-Ww" F-¶ hm-Ip sh¨v. A-d-_n-hn-sS bp-²w sN-¿p-I. A-Xn-\p a-dp-]-Sn-bm-Wv Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-Ä ]-d-bp-¶Xv. A-Xv R-§-Ä sN-¿mw. am-c-Iam-b ]n-g-hm-Wn-Xv. kw-hn-[-\-§fpw hy-h-Øn-Xn-Ifpw am-{Xw \-S-]n-em-t¡- Im-cy-§-Ä hy-àn-IÄ ssI-bm-fm-hp-¶-tXm, G-sä-Sn-¡m-hp-¶tXm A-Ã X-s¶ BZyw th-Xv k-Øn-cam-b hy-h-Øn-Xnbpw kw-hn-[m-\-hp-amWv. A-h-cm-Zyw k-am-[m-\-hpw kp-c-£n-X-Xzhpw {i-Zn-t¡--Xv. temI-s¯ G-sXm-cp D- -a k-aq-l- n-sâbpw Im-cyw C-Xp X-s¶-bmWv.

Np-cp-I- n-Â, ap-l½-Zv A-Ðp-Êemw ^d-Pv X-sâ "A-Â ^co-f A-Â im-C-_v" F-¶ {K-Ù- n-Â, X-sâ c-à ]-¦n-e-hpw, P-\-§-Ä¡pw cm-{ã-§-Ä¡pw F-Xn-sc G-sd A-Xn{I-a ]-c-]p-am-b \n-e-]m-«p-§-Ä cq-]-s -Sp- n-sb-Sp- -Xpw C-_v³ ssX-an-bp-sS Cu {]-Øm-]-¯n-Â \n-¶mWv. {]-K-Û ]-Þn-X³ ssi-Jv A-ßn-¿ kz-Jv-À, Cu hm-Z-K-Xn-IÄ¡v "A-Â ^do-f A-Â Km-C-_-bv-¡v H-cp J-Þ\w" F-¶ t]-cn-Â a-dp]-Sn F-gp-Xp-I-bp-ap-mbn.

ti-jw H-cp hn- m-Kw B-[p\n-I ]-Þn-X-À Cu -Xz-sb a-säm-cp X-c- n-Â hn-iI-e-\ hn-t[-b-am-¡m³ B-cw- n-¡p-I-bp--bn. c-p hn- m-K-§-Ä-¡n-S-bn-Â "s]-cp-am-d-s -Sp¶" "bp-²w sN-¿-s¸SWw" F-¶o hm-¡p-fp-sS hn\n-tbm-K-s¯ {]-amWn-I A-Sn- -d-bn-Â A-t\z-j-W-§-Ä¡p. hn-t[-b-am-¡p-I-bpw, A§-s\ lu-^o a-Zl-_v hn-N-£-W-cn-se {]-ap-J\pw C-_v-\p ssX-an-¿-bp-sS

-Xvh-I-Ä D-²-cn-¡p-¶-bm-fp-am-b, C-_v-\p ap- v-enlv, C-tX ^-Xvh-sb c-n-S-§-fn-epw "s]m-cp-am-d-s -S-Ww" F-\m-Wv D-²-cn- n-cn-¡p-¶p. "bp-Jm-Xepw" F-¶ hm-¡v C-Ã X-s¶ C-h-cpw X-·n-Â hf-sc hen-b hy-Xym-kw D-p-Xm-\pw. A§-s\ ]-cp-t¼m-Ä c-p km-l-N-cy-§-fn-epw, A-hpS-s¯ k-amln-I Np-äp-]m-Sp-I-Ä

86

]T-\-hn-t[-b-am¡n, Nn- m-]-chpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hp-am-b A- -cq-£-hpw, B-Nm-c-§fpw \m-«p-co-Xn-Ifpw ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s¸-S-sa¶-Wv A-Xn-sâ hnh-£.

ssi-Jv d- o-Iv cn-Cu X-sâ A-Â a-\m-dn-epw Cu -Xvhm, "bp B-a-ep" F-¶ i-cnbm-b ]-e {]-tbm-K-t¯m-sS-bm-Wv D-²-cn-¨n-X-¶Xv. -d-Pp-Ãm-lv A-Â IpÀ-Zn ]p-d- n-d¡n-b -Xm-hm C_v-\ Xn-an-¿ F-¶ t]-cn-Â lnPv-d hÀjw 1327 Â ]p-d- n-d§n-b k-am-l-c- n-em-Wv B-Zy-am-bn Cu ]ni-Iv kw- -hn- Xv. ]n-¶n-Sv a-Pv-aq-C-Â -Xmhm-bn-Â A-Ðp-d-lam³ A-Â Im-kn-hpw, Cu

D-S-À¶p, Cu k-am-l-c-§-fn-eq-sS Cu ]n-i-In-\p {]-Nm-c-hpw {]m-Xn-\n-[zhpw e- n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p.

kq-£-a ]cn-tim-[-\-bp-sS A- mhpw A-{i-²-hp-Zp-c- -§Ä-¡v h-gn-sh-¡pw, A-Â- -Úm-\w A-Ú-X-s¯-¡m-Ä A-]-I-S-Im-cn-bm-Wv.

kq-£-]cn-tim-[-\-bn-Ãm-sX D-²-cn-¡-s -« Cu -Xz cq-£am-b cà-s¨m-cn- n-en-\pw, i-cn AX-n-sâ D-t±-iy e-£y-§Ä-¡v hn-cp-²am-b Im-cy-§-Ä-¡pw Im-c-W-am-hp-Ibpw C-Ém-an-\pw ap-Én-I-Ä¡pw Zp-iv-t -cp-m-¡p-I-bpw sNm-bvXp. Cw-¥ojv, {^©v, `m-j-I-fp-¡p-Å -X-h-bp-sS `m-jm- -cw--t]mepw Cu sXäm-b hm-N-I {]-Im-c-ap-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p.

{]ap-J ]-Vn-X³ ssi-Jv A-Ðp-Å-ln-_v-\p _-¿ H-cp Iq-«w hn-cp-² ]-Vn-X-cp-sS k-lm-b-t¯m-sS C-_v-\p _n-¿-bp-sS Cu

-Xz-bp-sS b-Ym-À-° {]-Xn I-s- p-¶-Xn-\m-bn A-Xn K-l-\am-b H-cp ssh-ªm-\n-Im-t\yj-Ww U-a-kv-I-kn-se a-à-_-¯p-Â fzm-ln-c-bn-Â sh- v \-S- p-I-bp-mbn. A§-s\ \-¼-À 2757 A-

87

Â Ak-Zv sse-{_-dn-bn-Â A-Xp I-s- p-Ibpw ap-¼p-²-cn- Xp-t]m-se A-hn-sSbpw bp-B-a-ep F-¶ hm-N-I-am-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn- n-cp-¶Xv.

]n-¶o-Sv ln-Pv-dm-Ðw 1431 Â Xp-À-¡n-bn-se am-À-Zo-\n-Â ]-Vn-X-am-cp-sSbpw ^p-J-lm-¡-fp-sSbpw km-¶n-[y- n-Â H-cp k-t½f-\w d-_o-D-Â B-Jn-À am-k- n-Â \-S-¡p-I-bp-mbn. -Xm-h-bn-se Cu A¨-Sn ¸ni-¡v B k-t½f-\w hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-I-bp-mbn.

A-Â A-kv-ldpw H-cp ]T-\ {]-_-Ô-hpw hn-i-Zo-Ic-Ww h-gn B k-t½-f-\- n-Â `m-K-_m-¡mbn. Cu-Pn-]v-Xn-Â ap- v-Xn A-Ãm-am A-en Pp-ap-A-bm-Wv A-h X-¿m-dm-¡nb-Xv am-À-Zo³ k-t½-f-\- n-Â tI-{µ B-I-À-jn-I-§-fn-sem-¶v AÃm-a A-en Pp-ap-A-bp-sS Cu kw- m-h-\-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p.

C-\n-bpw C¯-cw A-an-Xm-th-i-¡m-scbpw D-·m-Z-¡m-tcbpw kw-L-«-\-{]n-b-scbpw \-ap-¡v B-{i-bn- p IqS. A-h-À-¡m-sI-bpÅ-Xv H-cp km-lnXn-b ssi-enbpw A-Øm-\- p-Å A-an-Xm-th-i-hp-am-Wv. G-sd hn-i-ap-ÅXpw A-Xn kq-£-a-hpam-b hn-j-b-§-Ä A-h-À C-S-s]-Sp-I-bpw sXäm-b [m-c-W-I-Ä ]-I-À-¶ \-Â-Ip-Ibpw sN-¿p¶p. A§-s\ A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ Zo-\n-s\ P-\-X-Xn-¡v im-]hpw hn-]- p-am-¡n am-äp-¶p Ah-À.

A-Ãm-lp-hmI-s« ]-d-bp-¶-Xn-{]-Im-d-am-Wv A-h-À B hn-jb-s¯ Xn-cp {]hm-N-I-cn-te¡pw A-h-cn-se ssI-Im-cy I-À-¯-I-fn-se-¡pw a-S-¡n-b-Sn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-Â A-h-cn-se hn-iI-e-\ hn-cp-²À-¡v A-Xv a-\-Ên-em-¡-ssam-bn-cp-¶p(v\n-kma 83) I-À-½ im-kv-{X am-À-K tcJ-sb am{Xw am-\-Z-V-am-¡n Zm-dp-Â Ip- v-dn-sâbpw Zm-dp-Â C-Ém-an-sâbpw _-Ô§-sf Ip-dn¨v hn-i-Ie-\w \-S- -

88

Â A-]-cm-[-am-Wv Im-c-Ww, aq-ey-§-fp-sSbpw [m-À-½n-IX-bp-sSbpw hn-im-eam-b am-\-Z-V-§-Ä Cu hn-j-b-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« \n-À-_-Ô-ambpw ]-cn-K-Wn-¡-s -tS--Xpv. A§-s\ I-À-½-im-kv-{X-s¯bpw aq-ey-§-sf-bpw, hnhn-[ k-aql-§-tfm-Sv A-Ãm-lp A-\p-h-À- n- \n-e-]m-Sp-I-sfbpw i-co-A- n-sâ k-Ym-À-° D-t±-i-§-tfm-Spw, k-·m-À-K Z-À-i-\-t¯mSpw H-¶n- p \mw tN-À-¯p-sh-¡p-t¼m-Ä Cu hn-ijb-¯n-se k-a-{Kam-b Im-gv- - m-Sv hy-à-am-hpw. A§-s\ C-Éma-Xw k-ap-Zmb-§-tfmSpw kw-kv-Imc-§-tfmSpw P-\X-I-tfm-Spw G§-s\ s]-cp-am-d-W-sa¶-Xp a-\-kn-em-hpw.

A-Xn-\p-]pd-sa Cu hn-j-b- n-Â I-À-½-im-kv-{X a-V-e-¯n-\p aq-eym-[n-jp-Xam-b a-säm-cp aV-ew Iq-Sn-bp-v. A-X-\p-k-cn- v \-ap-¡v Np-äp-ap-Å tem-I-s¯ \mw l-em-Â l-dm-apI-sf Ip-dn- p am{Xw ]-d-bp-¶ ^n-Jv-ln a-V-e-s¯ B-kv-]-Z-am-¡n am-{Xw hn-[n ]-d-bm-sX temI- v \n-e-hn-ep-Å hnhn-[ i-ànI-sf hn-e-bn-cp- p-Ibpw A-h-¡n-S-bn-se ]-c-kv-]-c _-Ô-§-Ä hn-iI-e-\ hn-t[-b-am-¡p-Ibpw A§-s\ ssZhn-I N-cy F-¶-dn-b- -Sp-¶ A-Xn-hn-im-e hnÚm-\ ta-J-e-bp-sS A-S-n-Øm-\- n-Â A-Ãm-lp hnhn-[ k-ap-Zm-b-§-tfm-Sp-\p-h-À-¯n- \n-e-]m-Sv \mw ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I-bpw {]-tbm-K-h-Â-I-cn-¡pIpw th-Ww.

"kp-\-Â C-em-ln-¿' F¶-Xv ]-c-¼-cm-K-Xam-b H-cp Jp-À-B\n-I hnÚm-\ im-J-bm-Wv. kp-Øn-chpw \n-b-am-\p-kr-X-hpam-b \S- p ssZhn-I \n-b-a-§-sf-bmWv A-Xv hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. D-¶-Xam-b \n-b-a hy-h-Øn-Xn-bm-WXv. am-ä-§-Ät¡m C-S-À-

-I-Ät¡m A-Xv hn-t[-b-am-hnÃ. hy-àn-I-fnepw k-aq-l- n-epw A-Ãm-lp \-S- n-em-¡n-b a-cy-Z-I-Ä kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS D-b-À-¨bpw ]-X-\-hpw {]-]-©-N-cy-I-Ä Xp-S-§n-b-h-scÃmw C-Xn-sâ `m-K-amWv.

89

]n-Â¡m-e ]-Vn-X-cn-Â ssi-Jv ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp d-io-Zv cnfm (X- v-ko-dp-Â a-\m-dn-Â) ssi-Jv ap-l-½-Zv kzm-Zn-Jv A-À-Pp³ Xp-S§n-b A-Â A-_v-l-an-sâ ]-Vn-X h-tc-Wy-À Cu hn-j-bw ]T-\ hn-t[-b-am-¡p-I-bp-mbn. tUm-Î-À ap-kvXz- i-Iv-A, tUm-Î-À a-Pv-ao B-iq-À Cu cwK- v {K-Ù c-N-\ \-S¯n. ti-jw ap-kvXz- i-Iv-A-bp-sS in-jy K-W-§-Ä Cu cwK- v [m-cm-f-ambn {K-Ù c-N-\ \-S- p-I-bp-m-bn. sam-tdm-¡-¡m-cm-b C-hcpw A-Ä-Po-cn-b-¡m-cp-am-Wv Cu cwK- v c-N-\-bn-Â G-sd ap-¶n-«p-\n-¶Xv. ]n-¶o-Sv tPm-À-Zm-\n-Â sh-¨v-\-S-¶ H-cp k-t½-f-\- n-Â N-À-¨m-hn-j-b-am-hp-I-bp-mbn. A-hn-sS-sh- v ]-Þn-X-cpw K-th-j-Icpw G-I-tZ-iw 60 Hm-fw ssZ-hn-I N-cy-I-sf hn-ip-² Jp-À-B-\n-Â \n¶pw I-s- p-I-bp-mbn. hy-àn-I-fp-am-bpw, k-aq-l-§-fpw, kw-kv-Im-c-§-fpw tem-I {I-a-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s -«-h-bm-bn-cp-¶p A-hI-Ä.

k-aq-l-ambpw kw-kv-Im-c-hp-ambpw _-Ô-s¸-«-ssZhnI NcyI-Ä, ap-kvv-enw-Ifpw C-X-c k-ap-Zm-b-§-fp-am-bp-Å ]-c-kv-]-c _-Ô-s¯ Ip-dn- p a-\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\v G-sd {]-[m-\-amWv. kmw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS I-À-½-im-kv-{X A-Sn B-cq-]-s -Sp-¯p-¶-Xn¶pw C-Xv hf-sc {]-[m-\-amWv. Camw im- n-Cu-bp-sS {]m-amWn-I I-À-½-im-kv-{X A-Sn¯-d (D-kq-ep ^n-Jv-ln-¶m-kv ) F-¶-Xn-sâ a-dp-]p-d-am-bm-Wv kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS I-À-½-im-kv-{X A-Sn¯-d.

]-c-kv-]-c ]-cn-Nbw, ]-c-kv-]-c ]q-c-I-Xzw, G-IXm-t_m[w, G-IoIr-X {]Xn-tcm-[w Xp-S-§n-b-h-bÃmw Cu N-cy-bp-sS `m-K-§-fmWv.

90

]-c-kv-]-c ]-cn-N-b- n-sâ Cu-N-cy, ap-kvv-enw-I-Ä-¡v C-X-c-cp-am-bp-Å _-Ô- n-epw, C-X-c k-aq-l-§-Ä ]-c-kv-]-c-ap-Å _-Ô- nepw A-Xn {]-[m-\y-a-À-ln-¡p¶p. A-Ãm-lp ]d-ªp "Hm P-§-sf \n§-sf \mw H-cp B-Wn-Â -\n¶pw s]-®n-Â-\n¶pw kr-ãn- p. \n§-sf hn- m-K-§fpw tKm-{X-§-fp-am-¡nb-Xv ]-c-kv -cw A-dn-bm³ th-n-bm-Wv" (A-Â lp-P-dm¯v : 13)

D-²y-X Jp-À-B\n-I kq-à-s¯, ssh-b-àn-Iam-b co-Xn-bn-em-Wv \mw D-]-tbm-K-s -Sp-¯p-¶Xv. AY-hm \mw H-cp hy-àn-sb I-p-ap-«p-Ibpw Ah-t\ ]n-c-N-b-s -Sm-\p-t±-in-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-t¼m-Ä A-§-s\ \mw kq-à- n-sâ D-t±-iys¯, c-v hy-àn-I-Ä X-½n-ep-Å tI-h-e ]-cn-N-b-s -S-en-te-¡v am-än-sb-Sp-¡pw, A-tX-ka-bw A-Ãm-lp Cu ]-cn-N-b-s¸-S-en-sâ hy-h-lm-cw \n-À-Æ-ln- n-cn-¡p¶-Xv tKm-{X-§-fp-sS-bpw, hn- m-K-§-fp-sSbpw am-\-Z-Þ- n-em-W-tÃm. k-aq-l-§fpw cm-ã-§fpw ]-cn-N-b-am-WtÃm A-Xp-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. A§-s\ h-cp-t¼m-Ä cm-ã-§-fp w X-½n-se _-Ô-§-fp-sS A-Sn- -d ]-c-kv-]-c A-dn-b-em-sW-¶v \mw a-\-kn-em-¡p-¶p. a-dn- v kw-L-«-\-tam D-·q-e-\tam A-Ã, B-tKm-fm-Sn-Øm-\- n-Â {]-Nm-cw t\Sn-b k-aq-l-§-Ä-¡n-S-bn-se _-Ô-§-sf Ip-dn- G-äp-ap-«-en-sâ-bpw kw-L-«-\- n-sâbpw kn-²m- - n-\v hn-cp-²-am-Wv Jp-À-B-\n-sâ Im-gv- - mSv. kwL-«-\ Im-ev-¸m-S-\p-k-cn- v H-¶n-\p a-täm-¶n-s\ D-·q-e-\w s¨-b-Â A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. km-ap-h-k-Â l-n-Mv-S¬ Xsâ "kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS kw-L-«-\" ¯n-Â ap-t¶m-«v sh- -Xpw t^m-¡nbm-a Xsâ "N-cn-{X-¯-sâ A-´y-a-" ¯n-Â ]-d-ªp-sh-¨Xpw C-Xp X-s¶-bmWv. A-tX Nn- X-s¶-bm-Wv k-¿n-Zv Jp-Xv_pw ]pXn-b Xo-{hhm-Z Nn- -I-fpw ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¡p-¶-Xpw. A§-s\ D-¶-X-am-b Cu i-dC-sâ B-i-b-§-Ä-¡v A-h-À A-`w-Kn-bpw \yq-\-X-bpw h-cp¯n.

91

F-{X-t¯m-f-sa-¶m-Â, h-àm-¡-sfbpw \m-a-§-sfbpw kw-hn-[m-\-§-sfbpw \mw H-gn-hm-¡n, B-ib-s¯ am{Xw hn-e-bn-cp-¯n-bm-Â FÃmw H-tc B-i-bhpw Nn- bpw Im-gv-N- m-Sp-am-sW-¶pw kw-L-«-\-s¯-bpw G-äp-ap-«-en-s\-bpw am-{X-am-Wv {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¡p-¶-sX¶pw I-s-¯m-\m-hpw. ]t£, C-Ém-an-sâ t]-cn-en-d-§p-¶-h-À A-Xn-\mbn, A-]-Y hym-Jym-\w \-S- n-b Jp-À-B-\n-I kq-à-§-fpw Xn-cp h-N-\-§-fpw D-]-tbm-K-s -Sp- p-¶p. a-dp-I-£n-I-Ä N-cn-{Xm- y-¯n-sâbpw kmw-kv-Imcn-I sIm-¼p tIm-À-¡-en-sâ-bpw kn-²m- -§-Ä ]-d-bp-¶p.

1997 Â kv-s]-bn-\n-se cm-Pm-hv, C-dm-\n-se ap-l½-Zv Jm-X-an-bp-sSbpw H-cp]-äw C-dm-\o ]-Þn-X-·m-cp-sS-bpw k-l-I-c-W-t¯msS, B-tKm-f-X-e- nÂ " kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS sF-Iy-s¸S-Â" F-¶ t]-cn-Â H-cp B-t´m-f-\- n-\p ]²-Xn X-¿m-dm-¡p-I-bp-m-bn.

]-t£ X-Zzn-j-b-I-ambn, Jp-À-B-\n-sâ hnÚm-\ im-J, ap-Éow-Ifpw C-X-c a-X-kv-Xcpw F§-s\ k-l-h-À- n-¡-W-sa-¶ cq-]tc-J C-Ém-an-se A- m-cm-{ã _-Ô-§-fp-sS I-c-sS-tc-J, D-¶-Xamb ssZhn-I N-cy-sb A-Sn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp- n-bp-Å \n-ÀtZ-i kw-ln-X, kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS ]-c-kv-]-c ]-cnN-bw F-¶ t]-cn-Â A-Xn¶pw \n-e-\n-Â-¡p-I-b-Wv.

C¶o, Jp-À-B\n-I [m-c F-hn-sS-bm-Wv A-{]-Xy-£-am-b-IXv. {`-ã I-ev-]-\-bp-sSbpw c-à-s¨m-dn- n-en-sâbpw C-S-bn-Â Cu Bi-bw A-h-a-Xn-¡-s -Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.

kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS ]-c-kv-]-c ]-cn-N-b-s -S-en-s\ Ip-dn- v D-kv-Xm-Zv k-Io A-Â ao-emZpw ]n-¶o-Sv c-N-\-I-Ä \-S- p-Ibpw

92

Ah-sb A-Sn-Øm-\-s -Sp- n Nn- m k-Z-Êp-Ifpw k-t½-f-\-§-fpw kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p Xp-S-§p-I-bp-ap-m-bn.

kmw-kv-Im-cn-I hn-\n-abw, hn-h-c kw-th-Z\w, Po-hn-X k-l-h-À- n-Xzw, A-\p- -h ]-¦p-sh v, hn-Zy-bp-sS-bp-w A-dn-hn-sâbpw ]-¦p-sh- v Xp-S§n-b a-t\m-l-c B-i-b-§-sf D-Ä-s¡m-Åp-¶-XmWv Cu kw-kv-Im-c-§-fp-sS ]-c-kv-]-c ]-cn-N-bw. bp-²hpw C-Xn-sâ `m-Kw X-s¶-bmWv. bp-²w ]-t£ bm-Zr-Ýn-I-X-bp-sS kr-ãn-bm-Wv. k-l-h-À-Xn-¯z-¯n-sâ hnhn-[ cq-] `m-h-§-fn-Â H-¶n-s\ A-Xv {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶p-am-{Xw.

93

ssZhnI hmKvZm\§fpsS AcnIp hXvIcWw

Hcp hn[n {]kvXmh¯neqsS kaqls¯ apgph³ AhnizmknIfpw AÚcpamsW¶v apÉnw kaqls¯ ]än s]mXphnÂ ]dbs¸Sp¶ ( AXv Xs¶ inÀ¡pw kzbw aXapt]£n¡epamWv)Xns\ XpSÀ¶v cq]s¸«p hcp¶ AXv`pXIcamb Imcyw A¯cw Nn´m{]Øm\§Ä P\§fnÂ aX`rãv IÂ¸n¡m\pÅ A[nImcw kzbw Is«Sp¯Wnbp¶p F¶XmWv . CÉmansâ bYmÀ° AhIminIÄ R§Ä am{XamsW¶v hcp¯pIbpw emLh _p²nbmÂ kapZmbs¯ apgph³ CÉman\v ]pd¯msW¶v hcp¯pIbpw sN¿pI F¶XmWXv. ]n¶oShÀ sN¿p¶Xv, JpÀB\nÂ hnizknIÄ¡v AÃmlp \ÂInb KpW]camb hnPb klmb hmKvZm\§Ä Ahcnte¡v tNÀ¯n¸dbpIbpw A¯cw kqà§fnÂ A`nkwt_m[\sN¿s¸Sp¶hÀ AhcmsW¶v AhImis¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶p. . Cu sXämb [mcW, aäpÅhÀ¡v aX`rãv IÂ¸n¡p¶XnÂ Ahsc XpSÀ¯pIbpw AXn\pÅ t{]cIambn hÀ¯n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. H¸w km[mcW hnizmknIÄ s¡XncnÂ AXn{Ia§fpw sImehnfnIfpambn cwK¯nc§m\pÅ ss[cyw ChÀ¡v ]IcpIbpw sN¿p¶p . CÉmanI kaqlt¯mSpw cmPy§tfmSpw Øm]\§tfmSpw AhÀ Gäpap«nbt¸msgÃmw AhcpsS i{XpXsb AXnPbn¡m³ apÉnwIÄ¡v s]mXphnÂ km[n¨n«pv. At¸msgms¡bpw AhÀ bmYmÀ°ys¯ \ntj[n¡pIbpw AhÀ¡v am{XambpÅ klmbw e`n¡psa¶ hnizmk¯mÂ CXc Nn´Isf AhÀ \ncmIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

94

sXämb NnÍfpsS sXfnbn¡s¸« {Sm¡v sdt¡mÀUpIfmWv \ap¡v ap¶nepÅXv. AXpambn B NnÍsfÃmw Xs¶ H¶v asäm¶nÂ \n¶pw DmIp¶tXm AXpambn tNÀ¶p \nÂ¡p¶tXm AsÃ¦nÂ H¶nsâ kwc£W¯nÂ asäm¶v cq]w sImÅp¶tXm Bbncn¡pw .Cu NnÍÄ Häs¸« i{Xp a\pjys\ am{Xw krãn¡p¶p.

Hcn¡epw A\phZn¡m\mhm¯ A´:kv]À[Ifpw hnizmknIÄ¡v aX `rãvSv IÂ¸n¡epw am{XamWv AhcpsS e£yw .

asämcp kn²m´ \nÀ½nXn IqSn Ahsâ tXm¶epIÄ¡v Bß ss[cyw ]Icp¶Xmbncn¡Ww. AXmbXv {iaIcambXmsW¦nepw hfsc emLh ssienbnÂ Ah³ Nne tXm¶epIÄ¡Snas¸«ncn¡pIbmsW¶Xv \ntj[n¨psImtbncn¡p¶p. A¯cw [mcWIÄ Ah\nÂ Dd¨ncn¡p¶p F¶XmWv hmkvXhw. CXns\ XpSÀ¶v AÃmlphnsâ klmb§Ä Ah\p am{Xw e`n¡m\pÅXmsW¶pw aäpÅ apÉnw§sf amän \nÀ¯n bYmÀ° apÉnw F¶ t]cv Ah\v am{Xw AÀln¨XmsW¶pw Ah³ hmZn¡p¶p ]ns¶bmcmWv AÃmlphnsâ klmb hnPb hmKmZm\§Ä¡Àl³ ?.Hcn¡epw ewLn¡s¸Sm¯ ssZhnIamb B hmKvZm\§Ä Ah\mbn e£oIcn¡s¸«XmsW¶v Ah³ kzbw A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p.

A¯cw Xo{h NnÍÄ ]n¶oSv sN¿p¶Xv kmlnXob [mcIfpsS \nÀ½mWamWv. hnizmknIÄs¡XncnÂ AhÀ \S¯nb AXn{Ia§fpsS ASnØm\¯nepÅ CXnlmk JÞImhy§fpw aäp cN\Ifpw \S¯pIbpw

95

AXns\sbms¡ ssØcy¯nsâbpw £abpsSbpw D¯tamZmlcW§fmbn DbÀ¯n¡m«pIbpw sN¿p¶p. AÃmlphnsâ k½X¯#mÂ henb kwL§fpsS taÂ hnPbw ssIhcn¨ sNdp kwL§fmbn AhÀ kzbw hmgv¯pIbpw AÅmlpfvhnsâ klbhmKvZm\§Ä¡v ]m{Xo`qXcmIp¶Xv AhÀ am{Xambncn¡psa¶hÀ hnizkn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

sXämb coXnbnÂ JpÀB³ hymJym\n¡p¶XneqsS, JpÀB³ hymJym\ imkv{X¯ntem coXnIfntem th{X AhKmlanÃmsX JpÀB\ns\bpw AXn\p IÂ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ _lpam\¯n\pw If¦w XoÀ¡pIbmWhÀ . kaqls¯ apgph\mbpw aX {`ãvcm¡pIbpw AhÀ AhÀs¡XncnÂ i{XpX {]Jym]n¨v Bbp[§sfSp¯v cwK¯v h¶v AhcpsS kmaqlnI kwhn[m\§sfbpw Øm]\§sfbpw XIÀ¡phm³ sImp]nSn¨ {ia§Ä \S¯pIbpw sN¿p¶XneqsS hyàamIp¶X,v AhsâbpÅnÂ Dd¨v \nÂ¡p¶ hnizmkw, kaqlw apgph\pw aX \ntj[nIfmsW¶pw ssZhnI klmb hnPb hmZmb§Ä Ah\nte¡v am{Xw h¶ tNÀ¶v Ah\v iànbmÀÖn¡m\mIpsa¶pamWv. AtXmsSm¸w A]ISIcamb Imcyw kwhmZ¯n\pw NÀ¨IÄ¡pw Ah³ X¿mdÃ F¶XmWv. A§s\ kwkmcn¡m³ X¿mdmIp¶]£w sXän²mcWIÄ Xncp¯m³ ]änsb¶v hcpw. AÃmlphnsâ klmb hmKvZm\§Ä Ah\msW¶ anYym[mcWbnÂ Pohn¡p¶h\mWh³. F¶mÂ AXn\pÅ Ahsâ AÀlXbntem AhImi¯ntem \n§Ä kwibw {]ISn¸n¡p¶ ]£w ]qÀ® \ntj[ambncn¡pw adp]Sn. ImcWw AXnepÅ kwibw Ahsâ \ne\nÂ¸nepÅ

96

kwibamWv \½Ä ]et¸mgpw ]ecpsSbpw Pb]cmPb§sf Ipdn¨v tI«n«ptÃm ImcWw CXv AÃmlphnsâ Imcy¯nepÅ kwibamWv.

ChnsS Ah³ hnizkn¡p¶ Imcy§fnse ZrVXsb A\p`h ]cnÚm\t¯mSpw bYmÀ° Adnhnt\mSpw AÀlXtbmSpw Iq«nIeÀ¯pIbmWv. hnizmk ZrVX A\p`h Úm\¯n\v ]Icw \nÂ¡psa¶hÀ IcpXp¶p. ZrVX Ignhnepw A\p`h¯nepapÅ Xsâ t]mcmbvaIÄ¡v ]Icw \nÂ¡psa¶hÀ shdpsX tamln¡p¶p. B hnizmkw sImv Ah³ adnIS¡p¶XmIs«, AÃmlp {]]©¯nÂ \nÀ®bn¨n«pÅ coXnIsfbpw ASnaIÄ¡mbv XoÀ¯ \nba§sfbpamWv . C§s\ Imcy§sfsbÃmw Ah³ Iq«n¡eÀ¯p¶p. FÃmhcpw Ahsâ AdnhnÃmbvabpw A\p`h ]cnNb§fpsS A`mhhpw NqnImWn¡pt¼mgpw Ah\Xv \ntj[n¡pIbpw Ah³ Ahew_n¨ncn¡p¶ Bg¯nÂ thcq¶nb Ahsâ hnizmk¯nÂ Bizmkw Is¯pIbpw A´na hnizmkw ssIhcn¡m³ {]m]vX\mWv Xms\¶v kzbw Bizkn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. hmkvXh¯nÂ Ah\Xn\v AÀl\paÃ, \ntj[nbpw Al¦mcnbpw am{XamWh³.

_p²n¡pw Nn´¡pw \nc¡m¯ C¯cw BtemN\IÄ¡v sXämb JpÀB³ hymJym\§Ä \ÂIpIbpw {]]©¯n\v hn\miImcnbmb a\pjyD]aIÄ \ÂIpIbpw k·mÀK ZÀinbmbn kzbw IcpXpIbpw sN¿p¶p

97

‘^o fnemenÂ JpÀB³’ F¶ {KÙ¯nÂ ]dbp¶Xv, hnPb klmb§ÄsImpw klmb hmKvZm\§Ä sImpapÅ ssZhnI hmKvZm\w F¶v ]dbp¶X,v AÃmlphnsâ {]m]©nIamb Iogvhg¡ coXnIfnÂ s]« H¶v am{XamWv. cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw \nÀ®bn¡s¸«Xv t]mse N{µ \£{X tKmf§Ä F{]ImcamtWm tImÀ¯nW¡n \S¸m¡s¸Sp¶Xv AXvt]mse am{XamWv Cu hmKvZm\hpw AÃmlphnsâ JZvdn\v hnt[bamWXv. Ah\pt²in¡pt¼mÄ AXns\ km£mXv¡cn¡p¶Xpw .¢n]nXamb a\pjymbpÊpambn XmcXayw sN¿pt¼mÄ Hcp]t£ AXv ]n´nsb¶v ht¶¡mw. Hcn¡epw Xs¶ B hmKvZm\w ewLn¡s¸SpIbnÃ.Hcp]t£ AXv ]n´pItbm a\pjy\v a\Ênem¡nsbSp¡m³ ]äm¯ cq]¯nÂ bmYmÀXyImhpItbm sNbvtX¡mw. ]cnNnX cq]§fnepÅ hnPbhpw klmb§fpamWv AhÀtXSpI. XnI¨pw ]pXnb cq] `mh§fnepÅ hnPb klmb§Ä bmYmÀ°yam¡p¶Xv Ipd¨p kab§Ä¡p tijw ZÀin¡m³ ]änsb¶v ht¶¡mw. a\pjyÀ Hcp]t£ Dt²in¡p¶X,v Hcp {]tXyI cq]¯nepÅ klmb§fpw hnPb§fpw AÅmlphnsâ ssk\y¯n\pw {]hmNIm\pNc·mÀ¡pw h¶p tNcWsa¶mbncn¡pw. F¶mÂ AÃmlp ]qÀ®hpw NncImet¯¡papÅ asämcp cq]ambncn¡pw Dt²in¡p¶Xv . AÃmlp Dt²in¡p¶Xv \S¸nemIp¶p. Cu ssk\yw Hcp ]t£ AXn\nSbnÂ Hcp]mSv _p²nap«pIÄ klnt¡n h¶n«pmImw. klmb¯n\mbv AhÀ hnNmcn¨XnÂ IqSpXÂ kabw {]Xo£n¨n«papmImw .

98

Cu hmKvZm\s¯ ]än ^o fnemenÂ JpÀB\nÂ hopw ]dbp¶p: B hmKvZm\w bYmÀ°¯nÂ apÉnw ssk\yhpw aäp ssk\y§fpw X½nÂ t]mÀ¡f§fnÂ Gäpapt«n hcpt¼msgms¡ e`yamIp¶ klmb hmKvZm\amWv . AhnizmknIÄ apÉnw ssk\ys¯ ImWp¶ am{XbnÂ AhÀ¡v t]Sn tXm¶pIbpw AÃmlp AhcpsS lrZb§fnÂ `bw k¶nthin¸n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. ]t£ {][m\ Imcyw apÉnwIfnÂ bYmÀ° hnizmkw DmIWsa¶Xv am{XamW.v AÃmlphnsâ ssk\y¯n\mWv hnPbsa¶pw AÃmlphnsâ Ignhns\ adnIS¡m³ i{Xpssk\y¯n\mhpIbnÃ F¶pw \½psS Imcy§Ä AÃmlp kpc£nXam¡psa¶papÅ AN©e hnizmkambncn¡Ww apÉnw ssk\ys¯ \bn¡p¶Xv. Cu hmKvZm\hpambn XnI¨pw FXncmb Imcy§Ä {]Xy£¯nÂ Hcp]t£ Is¶v ht¶¡mw a\pjyNn´¡pw Zrãn¡pw AXoXamw h®w kXyamWv AÃmlphnsâ hmKvZm\§Ä.

XpSÀ¶v ]dbp¶p :Hcp hnizmkn Cu hmKvZm\§sf ImtWXv \nÝbambpw AXv kw`hn¡psa¶pw AXmWv bYmÀ°ysa¶pw F¶ AhØbnemWv. \nÝnX XeapdIfntem \nÝnX kw`h§fntem Cu hmKv[m\¯n\v {]XnKpWamb Imcy§Ä Is¶v h¨v hmKvZm\§fnÂ kwibn¡pIbÃ sNt¿X.v B bmYmÀ°y§Ä XmXvImenIamsW¶pw ]pXnb kw`h§Ä XÂØm\¯v tNcpsa¶pamWhÀ hnizmknt¡Xv. .AÃmlp Is¯nb kab¯v hmKvZm\w \S¸nem¡p¶Xn\nSbnÂ BfpIfpsS hnizmkw ]cntim[n¡mt\m aäp hÃ ImcW¯mtem AÃmlp sImp hcp¶Xmbncn¡mw B kw`h§Ä.

99

C¶v \S¡p¶ bp²s¡SpXnbnte¡v t\m¡pIbmsW¦nÂ hnizmkn kaql¯ns\Xnsc _m¡nbpÅhscÃmw tNÀ¶v hyXykvX cq]¯nepw tIme¯nepapÅ bp²§Ä kwLSn¸n¡p¶p. FÃm B{IaW coXnIfpw Ahsâ hyànXzw i{Xphnsâ ap¼nÂ ASnbdhp sh¡msX kwc£n¡mXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXncn¡p¶p. Cu kw`h§fnte¡v Imemć§fnÂ \nco£Ww \S¯p¶hÀ¡v AÃmlphnsâ hmKvZm\ kêoIcWw ImWm\mhpw. GXhØbnepw hnizmknbmb a\pjy³ Nnńt¡Xv AÃmlphnsâ hmKvZm\w h¶p tNcpsa¶v Xs¶bmWv. AÃmlphn\pw Ahsâ {]hmNI\pw t\sc bp²w sN¿p¶hÀ ]cmPnXcmWv. AÃmlphpw Ahsâ XncpZqXcpw Xs¶bmWv hnPbnIÄ. CXmWv \S¸nemhp¶Xpw \S¸nemthXpamb hkvXpX.

bYmÀ°¯nÂ {]t_m[\ ZuXy¯nsâ {]XnkÔn F¶v ]dbp¶Xv AÃmlphnsâ hn[n £atbmsS t\cnSpI F¶XmWv. AÃmlphnsâ X{´{]Imcw Ahs\mcp¡n sh¨ kabt¯¡v hmKvZ¯ hnPb¯n\mbn £atbmsS Im¯ncn¡pI F¶XmWv.

{]t_m[\ hgnbnÂ Hcp]mSv {]i\§fpw {]XnkÔnIfpw DmIpw. Ifnbm¡eqIÄ, B{IaW§Ä, shdp¸nsâbpw shdnbpsSbpw i{XpXbpsSbpw {]IS\§Ä {]Xy£¯nÂ icnbmbnt¯m¶p¶ Imcy§fnÂ h©nXcmIp¶ P\§Ä sXäns\bpw Xn·sbbpw s]cp¸n¨v

Im«Â… Cu {]XnkÔnIsfÃmw a\Ênsâ ]qÀ® Xr]vXntbmsS AN©eambn AÃmlphnsâ hmKvZm\§fnte¡v \bn¡pIbmWv {]t_m[Isâ ISa.

100

hgnbnse {]Xn_Ô§sfm¶pw Ahsâ hoYnbnÂ XSÊ§fmbn \ne \nÂ¡pIbnÃm F¶v hnizkn¡pIbpw A§s\ apt¶m«v t]mhpIbpw sN¿pI. henb £abpw ]cn{iahpw Xocpam\§fpw DÅhÀ¡v am{XamWnXv km[n¡pI.

CXnt\¡mÄ A]ISIcambXv tIÄ¡q. ô fnemenÂ ]dbp¶p. ]SÀ¶p \nÂ¡p¶ A\[Imc¯nse ]ng¨ a\pjysc CÃmXm¡m³ km[n¡p¶ Xcw A[nImcw AhÀ¡v \ÂIn. At¸mÄ AhÀ hnNmcn¡pw HcmÄ¡pw \Â¡m¯XmWv AhÀ¡v \ÂIs¸«sX¶v.

fnemenÂ AÚXSbpsS hym]\w A[nImct¯mSv _Ôs¸Sp¯n¸dbp¶Xv t\m¡q AÃmlp Cu JpÀB³ sImpt±in¨Xv {]hmNIcpsS acWm\ćw Poh\pÅ t\XrXzambn AXv \ne \nÂ¡m\mWv Cu kapZmb¯nse hcpw XeapdIÄ¡v hgnIm«m\pw Ahsc hfÀ¯m\pw \Ã t\XrXz Cu kaqls¯ X¿mdm¡m\pw (AÃmlp hmKvZm\w sNbvX t\XrXzw) thnbmWXv.JpÀB\nsâ hgnbnÂ kaqlw k©cn¨t¸mgpw JpÀB\pambpÅ IcmÀ apdpsI ]nSn¨t¸mgpw kaql¯nsâ PohnX coXn JpÀB\nÂ \n¶v kzoIcn¨t¸msgms¡bpw ùXnIamb FÃm coXnIÄ¡pw apIfnÂ B kaqlw Øm\obcmbn«pv. Cu hntija§tfmSp IqsS ]dbs¸« k©mc hgnIÄ AÚXbpsS coXnIfs{X.

fnemÂ XpSÀ¶p ]dbp¶p hnizmknbpsS B{Klw Ahsâ hnizmkw AXnPbn¡p¶Xnepw AÃmlphnsâ i{Xp ]cmPb¸SepamWv. Cu XmXv]cyw t]mepw

101

hnizmkn¡pmIcpsX¶v AÃmlp B{Kln¡p¶p. AhÀ AhcpsS Imcy§sfm¶pw AhcpsS XmXv]cy§fmhmXncn¡s«.. Cu hnizmkw F¶v ]dbp¶Xv \ÂIepw ]qÀ¯nbm¡epw sNbvXp XoÀ¡epw am{XamWv. ùXnIamb H¶pw AXn\v ]Icw {]Xo£n¡mhXÃ. hnPbtam klmbtam A[nImctam B[n]Xytam H¶pw Xs¶ B{Kln¡mhp¶XÃ.

FÃmw {]Xo£nt¡Xv AhnsSbmWv(Aý \mfnÂ) Hcp ]s£ hnPbhpw A[nImtcmlWhpw B[n]Xyw t\mSepsaÃmw kw`hnt¨¡mw, ]s£ AsXm¶pw IcmdnÂ DÄs¸«n«nÃ Xs¶. [mcWbnÂ ùXnIamb Hcp t\«hpw ]Icw ]dªn«nÃ. [mcWm {]Imcw At§m«v \ÂIepw ]qÀ¯oIcn¡epw sNbvXv XoÀ¡epw ]co£W§fpw am{XamWv.

A[nImcmtcmlWs¯ B[n]Xyhpambn _Ôs¸«ps¡mtbncn¡p¶p. ssZhnI IcmdnÂ DÅ Dd¸nÂ iàn Iq«m³ AXns\ D]tbmKn¡p¶p. A[nImcnIm[n]Xy {]Xo£bnÂ HcmÄ¡v ]co£W¯nepw {]hÀ¯\ ss\cćy§fnepw XpScm³ km[n¡pw. CsXm¶pw km£mXvIcn¡s¸SmsX Hcp ]s£ AbmÄ acns¨¶v ht¶¡mw. F¶nep¶mepw tijw A[nImcm[n]Xy§Ä bYmÀ°amtb¡mw F¶ kam[m\¯nÂ AbmÄ acn¨p t]mIp¶p.

Cu Nn´mKXnbnÂ AhcpsS ASp¯v hfcp¶ BfpIÄ sZhnI hmKvZm\ kêoIcW¯n\mbn A[nImcm[n]Xyw sXfnhmbn ImW¡m¡p¶p. AhÀ¡v

102

sFizcy ]qÀ®amb PohnX kmlNcyw Hcp¡m³ ]äpsa¶tXm \mKcnI krãn¸ns\´v sN¿m³ ]äpsat¶m Øm]nX Imcy§fpsS D°m\¯n\mbn sN¿mhp¶ Imcy§sf¸änsbm AhÀ BtemNn¡p¶nÃ. C¯cw Imcy§Ä¡v ]ptcmK\mßIambn kw`mh\ sN¿m³ ]äpt¼mÄ AÀ°¯nÂ A[nImcnIm[n]Xyw Øm]n¡s¸Sp¶p. AÃm¯ ]£w icoA¯p sImpt±in¡s¸Sp¶ a\pjysâ A`nam\Icamb \ne\nÂ¸pw _p²nbptSbpw A`nam\¯nsâbpw [\¯nsâbpw kwc£Whpw ]qÀ®ambpw A{]Xy£amhp¶p. CÉmanI kwhn[m\§Ä ]qÀ®ambpw XIcp¶p. AtX kabw A¯cw Nn´mKXn¡mÀ a\Ênem¡nbX\pkcn¨v A[nImcnIm[n]Xyw(XwIo³) Hcp cmãob hyhØ cq]oIcn¡p¶XneqsStbm B[n]Xyw Øm]n¡n¶XneqtStbm BWv F¶XmWv. \ne \nÂ¡p¶ \oXn\ymb hyhØIsf XXIÀ¡epw AXnsâ hgnbmsW¶hÀ IcpXp¶p. AhÀ a\Ênem¡nbXv sZhnI hnPb klmb hmKvZm\§Ä AhÀ¡p am{XamsW¶pamWv.

sFizcy \nÀ½nXnbpsSbpw s]mXpP\ \·bpsSbpw Imcy§Ä AhÀ AhKWn¡p¶p. PohnX k©mc¯n\pÅ hgnIÄ P\§§fnÂ \n¶v AI¶v km[mcW PohnXw t]mepw {]bmk amIpt¼mÄ Ahsc C¯cw Nn´mKXnIÄ i{XpXtbmSpw Al¦mct¯mSpw A`napJoIcn¡p¶p. bmYmÀ°ys¯ \ntj[n¨v kuIcy]qÀÆw AhÀ asämcp Bibw apt¶m«p sh¡p¶p. Ahsc s]mXpP\w Bt£]n¡p¶Xv Zo\nt\mSpw icoA¯nt\mSpw AhÀ¡pÅ i{XpX at\m`mhw sImmsW¶v AhÀ hmZn¡p¶p. Ccp bmYmÀ°y§Ä¡p ap¼nÂ kvXw`n¨p \nÂ¡p¶

103

s]mXpP\¯nsâ \ne]mSv AhÀ¡pÅ ssZhnI klmbhmKvZm\§fnepÅ kwibambn AhÀ ]cnKWn¡p¶p. s]mXpP\w AÃlphnsâ icoA¯ns\ \nckn¡p¶p F¶Xv AhÀ¡v IqSpXÂ Bßss[cyw ]IcpIbpw s]mXpP\w Pmlneo¿Xbnte¡v Iq¸p Ip¯p¶p F¶p hcp¯n kmbp[ kac¯nte¡v \o§n AXns\ hnip² kac(PnlmZv)ambn hyJym\n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

hnip² kacw(PnlmZv)

lmInao¿ kn²m´ {]Imcw (AÃmlp Cd¡nbXv sImÃmsX hn[n¡p¶hcmtcm AhcmWv \ntj[nIÄ) Xo{hNn´m [mcIÄ apÉnw P\kmam\y¯n\v aX{`jvT IÂ]n¨ Ahsc Pmlneo¿Xbnte¡v tNÀ¯n¸dbp¶p. AXp Xs¶ inÀ¡pw Ip vdpw BWv. \qämpIfmbn Cu Zo\nsâ XpSÀ¨ apdnªp t]msb¶v AhÀ Dd¸n¡pIbpw aäp \nba kwlnXIfpw `cWLSIfpw kXy \ntj[amsW¶pw hn[n¨v t\Xm¡sfbpw \ymbm[n]³amtcbpw ]n³hen¡m³ Bhiys¸«v apÉnw P\kmam\y¯nsâ s\©nte¡v AhÀ A¼v Xncn¨v sh¡p¶p. AhbpsS GI e£yambn, \nehnepÅ \nba hyhØIsf XIÀ¡epw _ZÂ cm{ãob LS\ sImp hcepambn Npcp¡nbncn¡p¶p. A§s\ hcpt¼mÄ Gäp ap«Â \nÀ_Ôambn hcp¶p. AXns\ AhÀ hnip² Gäp ap«Â \nÀ_Ôambn hcp¶p. AXns\ AhÀ hnip² kacw(PnlmZv) F¶v t]cp hnfn¡p¶p.

bYmÀ°¯nÂ AÃmlp \nbaam¡nb [À½ kacw(PnlmZv) sImpÅ hnh£ DbÀ¶Xpw hnimeambXpamWv. kmbp[ Iem]w F¶ AXnsâ ]e

104

cq]§fnÂ H¶p am{XamWv. P\§sf Pohn¡m\\phZn¡pI, km·mÀKw ]pÂIpI XpS§nb ssZhnI \nba§fpsS Dt±iyhpambn AÃmlp PnlmZns\ _Ôn¸n¨ncn¡pIbmWv. P\§sf CÃmbva sN¿Â AXnsâ e£yaÃ Xs¶. AÃmlphnsâ hn[n hne¡pIÄ¡\pkcn¨v `cWw \S¯p¶nS¯v B apey§Ä¡\pkcn¨mWv AÃmlp PnlmZns\ \naam¡nbXv. A§ns\ PnlmZv sN¿p¶hÀ acw apdn¡mt\m, BSpIsf \in¸n¡mt\m, aT¯nse ]ptcmlnX t{ijvTs\ `bs¸Sp¯ms\ A\phZn¡pIbbpanÃ. Cu ]cn[nIÄ ewLn¡pItbm kw`hnt¡ ØeaÃmsX \S¸nÂ hcp¯pItbm sN¿p¶ ]£w AXv bYmÀ° PnlmZÃmXmhpIbpw BfpIsf A{Ian¡epw Ahsc D]{Zhn¡epw am{Xambn AXv ]cnWan¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

icoAXv \nba§Ä¡pw Dt±i§Ä¡pw t\tcbpÅ \nc´c i{XpX \½Ä A`napJoIcn¡p¶p. B \nba§sf AhcpsS ASp¯pÅ sXämb Nn´mXIfnte¡v tNÀ¯n D]tbmKn¡pt¼mgmWv CXv kw`hn¡p¶Xv. s]mXp apÉnw P\ kmam\ys¯ aX{`jvTcm¡n IS¶v hcp¶ sXämb Nn´m {]Øm\¡mscÃmw icoA¯nsâ kmt¦XnIXz am\§Ä XIÀ¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. P\§Ä CÉmans\ kwibn¡p¶ AhØ kwPmXamIp¶p. AXne¸pdw Hcp henb A]ISw IqSn H¸w DpIp¶Xv CÉmansâ sXämb {]mtbmKnI coXnIfmWhcpsS ]¡epÅXv. idCsâ kmt¦XnI ]Z§Ä AhÀ Is«Sp¯pt]mbKn¡pIbmWv. Cu A_² {]tbmKnI coXnIfneqsS BfpIÄ CÉmans\ hnebn¯p¶p. CÉmanI icoA¯ns\¸än tamiamb Nn´bpw A`n{]mbhpw AhcnÂ cq]s¸«p hcpI kzm`mhnIamWv. AÃmlp a\pjy\v

105

ImcpWyhpw _lpam\hpw PohnXhpam¡n \ÂInb idCs\ P\§Ä¡p ap¶nÂ ]cmPbhpam¡n amäpIbmWhÀ.

Pm_ndp_v\p AÐpÅmlnÂ A³kmcnbnÂ \n¶v

_pJmcn D²cn¨ lZok:v “cv tXshm«I§fpambn HcmÄ cm{Xn h¶p. apBZv(d) \nkvIcn¡p¶Xmbn At±lw Ip. H«I§sf Dt]£n¨v AbmÄ apBZv(d) hnte¡v \nkvIcn¡m\mbn h¶p. _Jd kqdtXm \nkmAv kqdtXm apBZv(d) HXn, AtXmsS AbmÄ t]mbn. ]n¶oSbmÄ¡dnbm³ Ignªp. apBZv(d) At±ls¯(Cu kw`h¯nÂ) Bt£]n¨p F¶.v AbmÄ t\sc {]hmNIcpsS(k) ASp¯p sN¶p apBZv(d)s\¸än ]cmXn

]dªp. At¸mÄ \_n(k) ]dªp:“apBtZ \o {]iv\¡mc\mtWm?(aq¶p {]mhiyw) Ft´ kºnlnkva, hÈwkn , hÅplm kqdXpItfmXn \nkvIcn¨p IqSmbncpt¶m? \nÝbw \nsâ ]n¶nÂ {]mbambhcpw

ZpÀ_ecpw Bhiy¡mcpw \nkvIcn¡p¶pv”.

CXv {]mhNI hniZoIcWamWv. icoA¯nsâ {]mtbmKnI hXvIcW hgnbnÂ HcmÄ Hä¡mc\mhpIbpw aäpÅhÀ¡v AXv `mcamhp¶ hn[¯nÂ ASnt¨Â¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xns\ A]IS]camb Imcyambpw AXnsâ Bsf {]iv\¡mcs\¶v t]cp hnfn¡pIbpw sNbvXncn¡p¶p. AbmfpsS {]hr¯n ImcWw aäpÅhÀ¡v idCt\mSpmtbm¡mhp¶ at\m`mhw {i²n¡m³ DWÀ¯pIbpw sNbvXp. C§s\sbms¡ DmbXv \o«n \nkvIcn¡Â D¯aamsW¶v Imcyw CãamsW¶ Imcyw \ne \nÂ¡pIbpamWv.

106

P\§sf Im^ndpIfm¡n AhÀs¡Xnsc Bbp[saSp¯v t]mcmSp¶Xns\ F§s\bmWv PnlmZv F¶v hnfn¡m\mhpI.

cnkmeXpÂ Cuam³ kzmenlv … ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI Cu Kh¬saâpIsf \o¡w sNbvX ]pXnb CÉmanI cm{ã kwØm]\w FÃm apÉnansâbpw sshbànI ISabmWv. PnlmZv temIhkm\w htc¡pw \S¸nepmIpw. Im^ndÃm¯ Xn·sb Xncp¯m³ t]mepw PnlmZv \nÀ_ÔamsW¦nÂ(lpssk³(d) sNbvXXp t]mse, {]hmNIÀ(k) ]dªXp t]mse D¯a càkm£nIÄ lwk(d)hpw A{Ianbmb t\Xmhnt\mSv \· IÂ]n¨v Xn· hntcm[n¨Xnsâ t]cnÂ sIme sN¿s¸«bmfpamWv) Im^ndns\Xnsc bp²w sN¿Â Gähpw henb _m²yXbmsW¶pw CÉmanse {][m\ ]pWy§fnsem¶pamsW¶XnÂ apÉnao§fmcpw A`n{]mb hyXymkw ImWn¡pIbnÃ. bp²w sN¿msXtbm bp²w sN¿m³ a\Êv t{]cn¸n¡msXtbm HcmÄ acn¨mÂ Ah³ Pmlneo¿m acWw acn¨ncn¡p¶p. CÉmanI cm{ã Øm]\¯n\mbn {ian¡p¶hÀs¡XncnÂ Im^nÀ `cW IqSs¯ klmbn¡m\mbn acWw hcn¨t¸mÄ \ntj[nIfmWv, AhÀ \nÀ_ÔnXcmbhscÃn¦nÂ {]Xn^e \mfnÂ Dt±iy§Ä¡\pIcn¨mWv {]Xn^ew \ÂIs¸SpI. C¶v Cu hnjbw apÉn§Ä AhKWn¨ A]ISIcamb H¶mWv. CÉamanI {]Øm\§fne[nIhpw Cu cmã§Äs¡XncnÂ Bbp[saSp¡m¯Xv càs¨mcn¨nÂ t]Sn¨n«mWv. ImcWw AhÀ¡v Cu {]iv\¯nÂ th

107

hyàX ssI h¶n«nÃ. AXv Cu cm{ã§fpsS kXy \ntj[(Ip vdp)amWv.

A§s\ PnlmZnsâ ]cnt{]jyw aX{`ãv IÂ¸n¡epw P\§tfmSpÅ i{XpXbpambn At±lw hnhcn¡p¶p.

XmcXayw

AÃmlp \nbaam¡nb PnlmZpw(k·mÀ¤w bmYmÀ°yam¡p¶ al¯mb Imcyw), Xo{hNn´m KXn¡mcpsS sXämb A{Ia cq]hpw.

kapZmb ]ÞnXÀ AhXcn¸n¡p¶ PnlmZnsâ icnbmb cq]w

Xo{h Nn´m KXn¡mcpsS PnlmZnsâ sXämb cq]w

1. PnlmZv k¦Â]¯nsâ hym]vXn AÃmlp \nbaam¡nb PnlmZv al¯mb Hcp {]Imi IÀ½amWv. hyXykvX cq]§fnÂ AXv bmYmÀ°yamtb¡mw. lrZbw sImtm, {]t_m[\w sImtm, sXfnhpIfhXcn¸n¡Â sImtm, hniZoIcn¡Â sImtm, xBtemN\IÄ

sImtm atäm… Nne L«§fnÂ kmbp[ kac¯n\v

1. PnlmZns\ kmbp[

kac¯nÂ am{Xw HXp¡n kacs¯ Igp¯d¡emhpw.

108

\nÀ_ÔnXcmtb¡mw. At¸mÄ kmbp[ kacw sImpw PnlmZv bmYmÀ°yamtb¡pw. IÈm^pÂ J\mAv þ 3/36 aYmen_v Den¶plm þ 2/503

2. PnlmZv F¶Xv Hcp amÀ¤amsW¶mWv s]mXp ]ÞnX aXw Imcy§Ä t\Sp¶Xn\mbn Ahew_n¡mhp¶ amÀ¤§fmbmWv idAv AXns\ ImWp¶Xv. ]À®amb coXnbnÂ B e£y§Ä t\Sp¶Xn\mbn B amÀ¤§sf D]tbmKn¡mw.

‘aJmknZp ÈdAv’: t]Pv 148:AÃmam Xzm^nÀ _n³ BiqÀ. CXp {]ImcwPnlmZns\ JnXmep(kmbpZ kacw)ambn _Ôn¸nt¡XnÃ. idCsâ e£y§fmWv \mw ]cnKWnt¡Xv. idCsâ e£y§Ä k^eoIcn¡m³ JnXmÂ Hgnhmt¡n hcpw

Nnet¸mÄ. ‘dwen’ Camw ]dªXv InS§pIÄ

2. PnlmZv AhÀ¡v

kzbw Hcp e£yamWv.

JÀfmhn ‘Cº\pÂ IÀ¿ hÂ

InXm_n’Â ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI. CPvXnlmZv hnjb¯nÂ k¿nZv JpXp_nsâ A`n{]mb§Ä At±lt¯mSv NÀ¨ sNbvX t]mse Xs¶ PnlmZnÂ At±l¯nsâ A`n{]mbhpw At±lt¯mSv Rm³ NÀ¨ sNbvXp. CÉamanI IÀ½ imkv{X¯nse Gähpw CSp§nbXpw ITn\hpamb A`n{]mbamWv At±lw \nÀ½ns¨Sp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. apgph³ temIt¯mSpw AhÀ apgph³

109

Iodepw tIm«IÄ \nÀ½n¡epw Nnet¸mÄ JnXmepw PnlmZmbn ]cnKWn¡s¸Spw. \nlmbXpÂ aplvXmPv 8/46

3. PnlmZv sImpÅ Gähpw henb Dt±iyw k·mÀ¤w kn²n¡emWv. Camw kp_vIn ^Xmh bnÂ D²cn¨Xp t]mse ssJ_dnte¡v Aen(d)s\ ]dªp hn«t¸mÄ \_n(k) ]dªp. \o ImcWw Hcmsf k·mÀK¯nemIemWv e£Wsam¯ Nph¶ H«I§Ä e`n¡p¶Xnt\¡mÄ \ÃXv. Cu AhØbnÂ \ap¡v a\ÊnemIp¶Xv JnXmep sImpÅ Dt±iyw k·mÀKamsW¶mWv. B bpànbpw AXp Xs¶bmWv a\Ênem¡n¯cp¶Xv. e£yw krãnIsf k·mÀ¤¯te¡v \bn¡emWv. GI ssZhXz¯nte¡hsc £Wn¡emWXv. A´y\mÄ hsc¡pw AhÀ¡pw AhcpsS ]n³

apÉn§fmbn¯ocp¶Xp htctbm apÉn§Ä¡v I¸w \ÂIn kzbw sNdpXmIp¶Xv htctbm bp²w sN¿Â Hmtcm apÉnan\pw A\nhmcyamWv. Cu A`n{]mbw {][m\ ]ÞnX·mcpsSbpw kaImenI ]ÞnXcpsSbpw A`n{]mb¯n\v hncp²amWv.

3. hnip² kac¯n\thm kmbp[ t]mcm«¯nt\m lnZmbXv(k·mÀKw) bmYmÀ°yam¡p¶XnÂ `mKtZbw AhÀ ImWn¡p¶nÃ Xs¶.

110

apd¡mÀ¡pw CÉmw e`n¡epamWXv. hnhcw sImtm hmZ {]XnhmZw, kwib \nhmcWw F¶nh sImtm lnZmbXv km[yamIpsa¦nÂ AXmWv Gähpw \ÃXv. AXn\memWv \mw ]dbp¶Xv ]ÞnXsâ ajn càkm£nbpsS càt¯¡mÄ D¯aamWv. kmbp[ kacw sImÃmsX lnZmbXv krãn¡m³ km[yaÃmsX hcpt¼mÄ aq¶v e£y§Ä¡mbn \ap¡v kacw sN¿mhp¶XmWv. H¶v, i{Xphns\ lnZmbXm¡m³ thn CXmWv DbÀ¶ ]ZhnbnepÅXv cv, AhtcmSv Gäp ap«n iloZmhm³ thn. e£yw ]cnKWn¡pt¼mÄ CXv a[ya kp¶¯mWv hcp¶Xv. icocs¯ Zm\w sN¿pI F¶ AÀ°¯nÂ AXv BZcoWamb ImcyhpamWv. F¶mÂ e£y¯nte¡pÅ amÀ¤sa¶ coXnbnÂ AXv

111

cmaXmbn am{Xta KWn¡s¸SpIbpÅq. e£yw AÃmlphnsâ hm¡ns\ DbÀ¯n¡mWn¡emWtÃm. CÊp_v\p A_ZnÊemw F¶hÀ JhmCZpÂ AlvImanÂ ]dªXp t]mse e£y§Ä CÃmXmhp¶tXmSp IqSn amÀ¤§fpw CÃmXmhpw(A{]kàamhpw).

4. PnlmZv idCubmb Hcp hn[nbmWv.AXv AklnjvWpXtbm kzbw t{]cWtbm Bbn DmthXÃ. CÉmansâ A©v hn[nIfnsem¶v AXn\v _m[amIpw. AXnsâ e£y§fpw AhØIfpw kmlNcy§fpw A\ćê§fpw ]cnKWn¨v \nÀ_Ôtam, kp¶t¯m, \ntj[tam Bbn amdntb¡mw. idCu lpIvapIfpsSbpw B lpIvapIÄ CÃmXmIp¶ Imcy§sfbpw AÃmlp Xs¶bmWv Cd¡nbXv. cq]¯nÂ icnbmsW¶v

4. i{XpXsb¶ òXnP\Iamb H¶mWv JnXmepw PnlmZpw _p²ntbm Znt\m hn[n¡m¯ bpàn¡v \nc¡m¯ H¶mWXv. òXnXamb apdnhpIfpw KftOZ\§fpw \S¯n PnlmZnsâ t]cp ]dbpIbmWhÀ. êtam P\§Ä AhnizmknIfmhpIbpw AÃmlphnsâ amÀ¤¯nÂ \n¶v ]n·mdpIbpw sN¿p¶p.

112

tXm¶p¶ ]e PnlmZpIfpw AÀ°¯nepw bmYmÀ°y¯nepw sXämbncn¡mw. AØm\¯pw idCu coXnIÄ¡\pkcn¨ÃmsXbpw \S¯p¶ PnlmZpIXfmWh. idAv \nÝbn¨ coXnIÄ¡¸pd¯v PnlmZv \S¯p¶h shdpw i{XpXbpw càs¨mcn¨nepw `qanbnÂ Iem] krãn¸n\pw am{XamWv \S¯p¶Xv. hpfqCsâ acymZIÄ kwkmcn¡p¶ Iq«¯nÂ {]hmNIÀ(k) ]dªp. CXnÂ Ihnªv Bsc¦nepw {]hÀ¯n¨mÂ Ah³ sXäpImc\pw A{IanbpamWv. idAv \nÝbn¨ ]cn[n Hcp hyànbpsS AwKip²nbnÂ KWn¡s¸Sp¶p. XnI¨pw sshbànIamb Imcyambncp¶n«v t]mepw a\pjysc IogS¡s¸Sp¯p¶ càw sNmcntbn hcp¶

113

\nÀ`bcmbhÀt]mepw `bNInXcmIp¶ Cu Imcy¯nÂ(JnXmev) ]ns¶ F§s\ {]hÀ¯n¡m\mIpw. idCte¡v tNÀ¯n icnbmsW¶v ]dbmhp¶ ASnØm\§sfm¶panÃmsX D]cn¹hambn Cu Imcys¯ F§s\ {]hÀ¯nbnÂ sImp hcpw? CXnsâ ]n¶nse bYmÀ° Imcyw NnecpsS sshbànI XmÂ]cy§fmWv. P\§Ä¡p taÂ A[nImcw Øm]n¡m\pÅ, Xsâ A[nImc tamls¯ Xr]vXn¸Sp¯m\mWv ]ecpw AXns\ D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. Ahkm\w B IrXy§fpsSsbÃmw Ipäw AhÀ idCte¡v tNÀ¯n¸dbpIbpw P\§sf Zo\nÂ \n¶IäpIbpw sN¿p¶p. PnlmZv idCubmb Hcp hn[nbmWv. Nnet¸mgXv \nÀ_Ôamhpw. i{XpXsb XSbp¶ kaql§Ä¡v

114

\nÀ`bXzw \ÂIp¶ càw Nn´Â Hgnhm¡p¶PnlmZns\ AhÀ A[nImc {`a¯n\pw bp²s¡mXnbpapÅ t]cpIfm¡n amänbncn¡p¶p. Camw JÀdm^n ]dªncn¡p¶p. hn[nIsf(lpIpapIsf) AÃmlp \nbaam¡nbXv t]mse Ah _[mIaÃmXm¡p¶ Imcy§fpw \nbaam¡nbXv Ah³ Xs¶bmWv. AÂ ^pdqJv .1/135

XmcXayw

PnlmZv: `qcn]£ ]ÞnXm`n{]mbhpw k¿nZv JpXp_nsâ Häs¸« ImgvN¸mSpw.

k¿nZv JpXp_v `qcn]£ ]ÞnXw PnlmZv F¶Xv apgptemIt¯mSpapÅ Gäpap«emWv. JÀfmhn ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI. Rm³ k¿nZv JpXp_nt\mSv kwkmcn¨p. CPvXnlmZv hnjb¯nÂ k¿nZv JpXp_nsâ A`n{]mb§Ä At±lt¯mSv NÀ¨ sNbvX

JÀfmhn ]db¶Xv ImWpI. k¿nZv JpXp_ns\ PnlmZPnsâ t]cnÂBt£]n¡m³ ImcWw Cu hnjb¯nÂ kaImenI ]ÞnXsc cp Imcy§Ä ]dªv At±lw A[nt£]n¡p¶Xv ImWmw.

H¶v:A{i²bpw

115

t]mse Xs¶ PnlmZnÂ At±l¯nsâ A`n{]mbhpw At±lt¯mSv Rm³ NÀ¨ sNbvXp. CÉamanI IÀ½ imkv{X¯nse Gähpw CSp§nbXpw ITn\hpamb A`n{]mbamWv At±lw \nÀ½ns¨Sp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. apgph³ temIt¯mSpw AhÀ apgph³ apÉn§fmbn¯ocp¶Xp htctbm apÉn§Ä¡v I¸w \ÂIn kzbw sNdpXmIp¶Xv htctbm bp²w sN¿Â Hmtcm apÉnan\pw A\nhmcyamWv. Cu A`n{]mbw {][m\ ]ÞnX·mcpsSbpw kaImenI ]ÞnXcpsSbpw A`n{]mb¯n\v hncp²amWv.

hnhctZmjhpw (السذاجة) Imcy§Ä a\Ênem¡p¶nS¯v _p²n]camb sshÚm\nIamb t]mcmbvaIÄ Cu ]ÞnXÀ¡ps¶v At±lwBt£]n¡p¶p.

cv: _elo\Xbpw, Bßss[cy¡pdhpw, kz]cmPbhpw kaImenI ]mÝmXy³ k½À±§Ä¡p ap¶nÂ Hdnbâenk¯nsâ kzm[o\ ^eambn ]Xdnt¸mIp¶p. Bt£]n¡p¶ Cu ]ÞnX hyqlw IÀ½ iBkvXc sshÚm\nI Nn´m cwK¯v anIhv sXfnbn¨ Cu kapZmb¯nsâ sImSnbSbmf§fmb ]ÞnXcmWv. Apl½Zv AÐphnÂ \n¶v XpS§n djoZv cnfbneqsS IS¶p t]mbn Pamep²o³ Jmknan apl½Zv, apØ^ AÂ apdmCu, aÒqZv iÂXqXv, apl½Zv AÐpÅ ZÀdmkv, Al½Zv C{_mlnw, AÐpÂ hlm_v Jem^v, AeoÂ J^o^v, apl½Zv A_q klvd, apl½Zv bqkp^v aqk, apl½Zv ^df k³lqcn, apl½Zv aZ\n, apl½Zv

116

apØ^ ie_n, lk\pÂ _¶, apØ^ kn_mC, apl½ZpÂ ap_mdIv, Aen Xz³Xzmhn, apl½ZpÂ KÊmen XpSn acn¨hcpw Pohn¨ncn¡p¶hcpaS¡apÅ ]ÞnXscbmWv At±lw Bt£]n¡p¶Xv.

XwIo³

XwIo³ F¶ kwÚ CJvhm³kwL¯nsâbpw D] kwLS\IfpsSbpw Nn´Isf ]qÀ®ambn a\Ênem¡p¶Xn\pÅ ASnØm\ LSIambpw A¨pXmbpw cq]sa¶ CJvhm\o coXntbmSv kmZriyw ]peÀ¯pIbpw s]mXp kmlNcy§tfmsSm¸w \o§pIbpw sN¿p¶ A¯cw D] kwL§Ä apÉnw s]mXp P\¯n\v aX{`ãv Btcm]n¡pIbpw AhcpsS t\Xm¡fpw `cWIqShpw Øm]\§fpw kwL\Ifpw aX¯n\p ]pd¯msW¶v hmZn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

CÉmw aX¯nsâ km¶n²yw `qanbnenÃmXmsb¶pw kXy \ntj[¯nsâbpw aX]cnXymK¯nsâbpw AÔImc¯nÂ(Pmlneo¿) temIw apgph³ A[x¸Xn¨ncn¡pIbmsW¶pw hcp¯n apÉnw kwL§Ä¡v t\sc Xs¶ càcq£nX hn¹h§fpw Iem]§fpw PnlmsZ¶ t]cnÂ \nÀ½ns¨Sp¡pIbmWv ChÀ. ]n¶oShÀ

‘XwIos\’¶ t]cnÂ XXz \nÀ½nX \S¯m³ {ian¡p¶p.

117

cm{ãob LS\bpsS kwØm]\¯n\pw AXp hgn A[nImctadm\pÅ \S]Sn{Ia§fpw \nb{´W§fpw FÃmw

DÄs¡mÅp¶XmWv ‘XwIo³’. CXp am{XamWv CJmaXp±o\n\pÅ GI hgnsb¶pw AhÀ Nn{XoIcn¡p¶p.

C¯cw A{I]camb Nn´m cq]oIcW¯nte¡v amÀ¤ambn AhÀ kzoIcn¨ncn¡p¶Xv sXämb hymJym\§sfbpw Bßss[cyhpw hnImc§fpw XoÀ¯ A_² [mcWIsfbpamWv. JpÀB\nsâ icnbmb ASnØm\¯nepÅ Bib \nÀ½nXnIÄ¡mbpÅ ]cnkcw AhÀs¡mcp¡m\mbn«nsÃ¶XmWv hmkvXhw. Ncn{X¯nepS\ofw apÉnw kaqlw JpÀB³ a\Ênem¡nbXns\bpw {]tbmK hÂ¡cn¨Xns\bpw am\n¡m\pw AhÀ¡mIp¶nÃ. FÃm kabt¯mSpw tbmPn¨p t]mIp¶ A\p`h§fpw a\Ênem¡n thWw hlvbns\ hymJym\n¡m³.

‘XwIo³’ hnjb¯nÂ Cu Xo{h Nn´m {]Øm\¡mÀ sXämb [mcWIfmWv ]pd¯v hn«Xv. Cu hnjb¯nÂ AhXcn¨ hmIy§Ät]mepw ]ckv]cw tImÀ¯nW¡msX AÔamb sshImcnI cq]amWhÀ XwIo\n\v \ÂInbXv. JpÀB³ hmIy§fpw ChcpsS [mcWbpw X½nepÅ sshcp²y§Ä t]mepw CÃmXm¡m³ AhÀ £a ImWn¨nÃ.

ap¼v \mw ]dª coXnIfp]tbmKn¨v hyJym\w

\nÀÆln¡m¯Xp sImv ‘XwIo\n’s\ AhÀ Nn{XoIcn¨Xv

C{]ImcamWv. ‘A[nImc¯nse¯m\pÅ FÃm ]cn{ia§fpw

{]{InbIfpw’ (A[nImcw CÉman\mbncn¡Wsa¶ B´cnI

118

hnImct¯mSp IqsS). ImcWw Ah³ am{XamWs{X A[nImc \nÀÆlW¯n\v aämtc¡mfpw AÀl³ aäp apÉn§sf AS¡w aX{`ã Btcm]n¡p¶XnÂ AÃmlphnsâ klmbw Cu Xo{hNn´m {]Øm\¡mÀ¡v am{XamsW¶v am{XamsW¶v AhÀ hnizkn¡p¶p.

JpÀB\nÂ ]dbs¸« Cu ]tZmÂ¸¯nbnÂ \n¶pw hcp¶ FÃm ]Z§fpw (XwIo³, a¡\, \pa¡n³, a¡¶m) tNÀ¶v sh¡pt¼mgpw Cu AÀ°¯nepÅ aäp ]Z§tfm

hyJym\§tfm t\m¡pt¼mgpw ‘XwIo³’ sImv AÃmlp hntijn¸n¨ cp {][m\ DZmlcW§fmb bqkp^v \_nbpsSbpw ZpÂJÀ\nbpsSbpw Imcy§sfSp¯v t\m¡pt¼mgpw a\ÊnemIp¶Xv Cu¡q«cpsS XwIo³ kn²m´¯nsâ s]mÅ¯camWv.

AÃmlphnsâ Zo\ns\¡pdn¨pÅ ImgvN¸mSv apgph\mbpw amän adn¡p¶, IqSpXÂ Bib¡pg¸§fpm¡p¶ Hcp Nn´bmbn«mWv XwIo\ns\ C¡q«À sImp hcp¶Xv. CÉmwDbÀ¯n¸nSn¡p¶ aqey k¦Â¸Äs¡ms¡bpw hn]coXamWv Cu k¦Â]w.

ap³ Ignª ]ÞnXcpsSbpw CamapamcpsSbpw cN\IÄ ]cntim[n¡pt¼mÄ Cu Hcp kn²m´¯n\v bmsXmcSnØm\hpw \ap¡v ImWm\mIp¶nÃ. tUm.Aen apl½Zv kzem_nsbt¸mse iàcmb CJvhm³ t\Xmhp t]mepw kpUm³ bq\nthgvknänbnÂ CXp kw_Ôn¨v

kaÀ¸n¨ Xnkoknsâ XpS¡¯nÂ ]dbp¶Xv. ‘Fsâ ]cnanXamb AdnhnÂ Cu NÀ¨ ]pXnbXmWv. Hfsc sshInbmWv CÆnjbIamb Fgp¯pIfpw kqN\Ifpw

119

XpS§nbXv’. At±lw XpSÀ¶p ]dªp. ‘Fsâ

A`n{]mb¯nÂ ‘XwIo³’ imkv{X¯n\v KthjIÀ aXnbmb {]m[m\yw \ÂIWsa¶pw {][m\ NÀ¨bm¡n AXns\

amäWsa¶pamWv’.

ap³KmanIfmb ]ÞnXÀ C§s\ Hcp NÀ¨¡v CSw \ÂImXncp¶Xv JpÀB³ XwIo³ sImpt±in¡p¶ hnh£ IrXyambn Adnbp¶Xv sImmWv. JpÀB³ ]dªp sImncn¡p¶ hnizmk¯nsâbpw kz`mhKpW§fpsSbpw k·mÀ¤¯nsâbpw A²zm\ ]cn{ia§fpsSbpw \mKcnIXbpsSbpw hlbnsâ ASnØm\¯nepÅ sshÚm\nI KthjW§sfbpsaÃmw DÂ¸¶ambn h¶p sNcp¶XmWv. Cu XwIo³ F¶Xp sImmWXv. Cu BapJ Imcy§Ä apÉnw kaqlw {]tbmK¯nÂ sImp hcp¶ ]£w temI P\X¡nSbnÂ AhÀ¡v AÃmlp \Ã {]ikvXnbpw Hu¶Xyhpw \ÂIpw. \Ã \mKcnIXbmbn temIw hmgv¯pIbpw AhcpsS ssIhiapÅ hnÚm\ob§Ä tXSn aäp \mKcnIX kaql§Ä kao]n¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

apÉnw kaql¯nte¡v hcp¶hÀ¡v ImWm³ Ignbp¶ \Ã amXrIIfpw kz`mh§fpw AÅmlphnte¡pÅ Npp ]eIIfmbn¯ocpw. PohnX ]cnkcw sImpw ssien sImpw AÅmlphnte¡v £Wn¡p¶ Hcp kaqlambn AXv amdpIbpw sN¿pw. hmZ {]XnhmZ§Ä¡pw sshÚm\nI NÀ¨IÄ¡psaÃmw ]n¶oSv am{Xsa Øm\w IÂ¸n¡s¸SpIbpÅq. aäp kaql§Ä¡nSbnÂ hym]n¡p¶ Cu CÉmanI kzm[o\s¯bpw \mKcnIXsbbpamWv AÃmlp

120

XwIos\¶v hnfn¡p¶Xv. XwIo³ kn²m´w bmYmÀ°yam¡m³ Ncn{X¯nsemcnS¯pw apÉnw kaqlw A²zm\n¨Xmbn ImWm³ IgnbnÃ. ImcWw AsXmcp DÂ¸¶amWv. AÃmsX Nne \S]SnIfpw BapJ ]cn]mSnIfpaÃ.

]m]w ImcWw AÃmlp \in¸n¨ kaql§Ä¡pw XwIo³ \ÂIn F¶v AÃmlp hntijn¸n¨Xmbn¡mWmw. \mKcnI hnÚm\ob§sf Iogvs¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¯p F¶v am{XamWhnsS hnh£. AXp]tbmKn¨v AhcpsS {]ikvXn hfÀ¶p. kXy hnizmk¯nsâ ASnØm\¯neÃmsX hfÀ¶pmbn«vt]mepw A§s\ kw`hn¨p. XwIo³ Nnet¸mÄ CÉmanI \mKcnIX¡pw e`n¨n«pmImw. Cu hnizmk¯nsâ KpWhi§sf {]Ncn¸n¡p¶XnÂ B XwIo\ns\ D]tbmKn¯n«papmImw. hnizmk]caÃm¯ \mKcnIXIÄ¡v XwIo³ h¶p tNÀ¶t¸mÄ ssZhnI Nn´Ifpw aäpw Nn´m cwK¯v \n¶v Xs¶ A{]Xy£ambXmbn¡mWmw. CXmWv a\pjyNcn{X¯nÂ \ap¡v ImWm\mIp¶Xv.

F¶mÂ Xo{h CÉmanI \h Nn´m[mcIÄ sN¿p¶Xv s]mXp apÉnw kaqlw AhnizmknIfmsW¶v {]Ncn¸n¡pIbpw bYmÀ° hnizmkw `qanbnensÃ¶pw kXy \ntj[amb Pmlneo¿XbmWv C¶v \nehnepÅsX¶pw hmZn¡p¶p, AhcpsS \yq\amb {Kmly tijn¡\pkcn¨v CJmaXp±o\n\mbpÅ ]²XnIÄ AhÀ sa\bp¶p. A§ns\bmWv XwIo³ F¶ Nn´ AhÀ DbÀ¯ns¡mp hcp¶Xpw Hcp DÂ]¶w F¶ Øm\¯v \n¶pw AXns\

121

{]mcw` {]hÀ¯\am¡n amäw hcp¯pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv. AÃmlp AÀlcmbhÀ¡v AXv km[n¸n¡p¶p F¶ncns¡ AXn\v thn t]mcSn¡m\pw acn¡m\pw C¡q«À X¿mdmIp¶p.

Aen kzem_nbpsS hm¡pIÄ XwIo³ Nn´¡p Xo{h Nn´m[mcIfnepÅ tI{µob Øm\w hyàam¡p¶p. At±lw ]dbp¶p. CÉmanI {]hÀ¯\§fpsS Gähpw henb e£yw XwIo\mWv. FÃm L«§fnepapÅ {]t_m[\, kwLS\m {]À¯\§fpw AXnsâ am[ya§fpw FÃmw e£oIcnt¡Xv CÉman\v sXIo\pmhm³ thnbmWv. XpSÀ¶v JpÀB\nsâbpw kp¶¯nsâbpw ASnØm\¯nÂ XwIo\nsâ e£y§sf¡pdn¨v At±lw ]dbp¶Xv ImWpI.

1. CÉmanI kaql¯n\v cm{ãob A[nImc kwØm]\w km[yamIpI. AÛpXsa¶p ]dbs«! e£y§sf¡pdn¨v ]dbp¶nS¯v Cu cm{ãobm[nImcw kwØm]\¯nsâimJm]camb Imcy§fÃmsX asämcp e£yhpw At±lw AhXcn¸n¡p¶nÃ. ]pkvXI¯nsâ A´yw hsc Cu e£ys¯¡pdn¨v am{XamWv At±lw kwkmcn¡p¶Xv. ]n¶ot±lw XwIo\nsâ hnhn[L«§sf¸än hniZoIcn¡p¶p. H¶mw L«w apKme_(AXnPbn¡Â) CXnÂ At±lw ]dbp¶Xv Cu L«¯nÂ FÃmhcpw PnlmZns\¡pdn¨pÅ ]qÀ® Aht_m[w DÅhcmbncn¡Ww. FÃm tImU·mcpw A[nImcw I¿S¡m\pÅ {]t£m`¯n\v X¿mdmhpIbpw AÃmlphnsâ \nba§Ä {]mhÀ¯nIam¡m\pÅ

122

X¿msdSp¸pIÄ \S¯pIbpw thWw. apKme_ L«¯nÂ apÉn§fpm¡p¶ Ne\§Ä A{IanIfmb `cWm[nImcnIfnÂ AkzØXbpfhm¡pw. Hmtcm L«w ]n¶nSp¶Xn\\pkcn¨v AhcpsS `bw hÀ[n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. XzmKqXn `cW§fpsS ASn¯dIfnte¡v {]t_m[\mkq{X§Ä Xncn¨psh¡pw. AhcpsS Gähpw kp{][m\amb ASnØm\w \nba hyhØIfmWv. AXv AhcnÂ \n¶pw ]nSns¨Sp¡pI F¶XmWv \mw sNt¿Xv. (t]Pv 433) Npcp¡¯nÂ XwIos\¶Xv Xmsg ]dbp¶ Imcy§Ä DÄs¸Sp¶ HcpNn´bmWv. 1. CÉman\mbpÅ FÃm {]hÀ¯\§fpsSbpw Gähpw

henb e£yw XwIo\mWv. 2. XwIo\nsâ e£yw cm{ãobm[nImcw

Øm]n¡emWv. 3. XwIo\nsâ Gähpw {][m\ L«w apKme_bmW.v 4. apKme_bmWv PnlmZv. 5. apKme_bpsS Hcp¡§Ä XzmKqXzo

`cWIqS§fpsS knwlmk\§Ä¡v De¨nepm¡pIbpw Pmlneo¿ `cW¯n\v A´yw hcp¯pIbpw \nba hyhØ AhcnÂ \n¶pw I¿S¡m\pw klmbn¡pw.

D¶X\mb AÃmlphn\ÃmsX Hcp iàn¡pw IgnhpanÃtÃm \msaÃmhcpw AÃmlphn\pÅhcmIp¶p. Ah\nte¡v aS§p¶hcpw. XwIo\n\pÅ ASnØm\ sXfnhmbn Xo{h \h Nn´m{]Øm\§Ä D²cn¡p¶ JpÀB\nI hmIyw CXmWv.

123

At±lw(bqkp v \_n)]dªp. Xm¦Ä Fs¶ `qanbnse JP\mhpIfpsS A[nImctaÂ¸n¡pw. XoÀ¨bmbpw Rm³ hnhcapÅ Hcp kq£n¸pImc\mbncn¡pw.(bpkp^v 55). A[nImc¯n\mbn ]cn{ian¡msa¶pÅXn\v JpÀB\nI sXfnhmWnsX¶v AhÀ ]dbp¶p. Hcp ]s£ JpÀB³ hymJymXm¡fnÂ Bsc¦nepw C§s\ hÃXpw ]dªXmbn Is¯m\mtb¡pw. ]s£ JpÀB\nsâ ASnØm\ ImgvN¸mS\pkcn¨v XwIos\¶Xv ssZhnI NcybpsS `mKambn hcp¶XmWv. k¿nZv JpXp_v Cu kqà¯nsâ hniZoIcW¯nÂ A]ISIchpw Bib¡pg¸w \ndªXpamb hymJym\§Ä \ÂInbXmbn¡mWmw. ^o fnemenÂ JpÀB³ hmbn¡p¶ BÀ¡pw Cu Øe¯v XnI¨pw A]cnNnXhpw hyXykvXhpamb Hdp Imgv¸mSv At±lw AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv ImWmw. AXv NÀ¨ sN¿m\pw JÞn¡m\pw am{Xw Hcp ]pkvXIw Bhiyambn hcpw. At±l¯nsâ ImgvN¸mSnsâ {][m\ `mK§Ä ChnsS Rm³ kw£n]vXam¡n hnhcn¡mw. sNdnb A\p_Ô§Ä tNÀ¡pIbpw sN¿mw. JpÀB³ hnhcn¨ XwIo\nÂ \n¶pw At±lw a\Ênem¡nb XwIo\nte¡pÅ Zqchpw AXnte¡t±lw F¯nt¨À¶sX§s\sb¶pw hnhcn¡mw.

124

k¿nZv JpXp_v Cu NÀ¨¡v XpS¡anSp¶Xv Xm¦Ä Fs¶ `qanbnse JP\mhpIfpsS kq£n¸pImc\m¡q, F¶ kqà¯nÂ ]ÞnX·mÀ \S¯nb Nn´m]camb NÀ¨bnÂ \n¶mWv. ]pdsa \n¶v t\m¡pt¼mÄ bqkp v \_n(A) A[nImcw tNmZn¡pIbpw AXn\mbn ]cn{ian¡pIbpw sNbvXp. CXmsW¦nÂ {]hmNIm²ym\¯n\v hn]coXhpamWv. Camw apÉnw(d) kzlolnÂ D²cn¨ lZokv ImWpI. A_vZp dÒm\p_v\p kapd ]dªp. Ft¶mSv, {]hmNIÀ(k) ]dªp. Hm! AÐpdÒm\p _v\p kapd, \n§sfmcn¡epw A[nImcw tNmZn¨p hm§cpXv. \n§Ä tNmZn¨p hm§nbXmWv A[nImcsa¦nÂ AXnÂ \n§Ä _p²nap«n¡s¸Spw. tNmZn¡msX e`n¨XmsW¦nÂ AXnÂ \n§Ä klmbn¡s¸Spw. apÉnw _p²n a\Ênem¡p¶X\pkcn¨v JpÀB³ AÃmlphpÂ \n¶pÅ hlvbmWv. {]hmNI hN\§fpw AXp t]mse Xs¶bmWv AhÀ¡nSbnÂ sshcp²yanÃ. cv hlvbn\nSbnepÅ s]mcp¯w a\Ênem¡m³ kq£va Úm\nIÄ¡v am{Xta km[n¡pIbpÅq. ]ÞnX·mÀ Cu cWv hlvbpIÄ X½nÂ tXm¶ntb¡mhp¶ sshcp²yw CÃmXm¡m³ hyXykvX amÀ¤§Ä Ahew_n¨n«pv., XnI¨pw A]cnNnXamb Hcp ImgvN¸mSmWv. At±l¯nsâ

125

Nn´bpw BtemN\bpw AIs¸«v AÔImc¯nsâbpw AXphgn At±lw cq]oIcn¡p¶ A_² Nn´IfpsSbpw Bgw AXp hyàam¡p¶p. ChnsS At±l¯nsâ ImgvN¸mSpIÄ DÄs¡mÅp¶ Imcy§Ä Xmsg ]dbp¶p. 1. IÀ½ imkv{X ]ÞnXcpS _p²nsbbpw

IÀ½imkv{X Nn´s´sbbpw At±lw ASªsX¶pw Ddªp t]mbsX¶pw Bt£]n¡p¶p.

2. IÀ½ imkv{Xw(^nJvlv) cq]w sImÅp¶Xv apÉnw kaql¯nepmbNe\§fnÂ \n¶mWv. kaqlamWv ^nJvln\v cq]w \ÂInbXv.

3. kmaqly Ne\§fpsS IÀ½ imkv{Xsa¶pw t]PpIfnepÅ IÀ½ imkv{Xsa¶pw At±lw thÀXncnhv Xncn¨dnbm¯hÀ ]ÞnX\sÃ¶pw Cu Zo\nsâ {]IrXa\pkcn¨pÅ ^nJvlv AhÀ¡dnbnsÃm¶pw At±lw ]dbp¶p.

4. CÃmbvabnÂ \n¶pw ^nJvlo \nba§Ä BhnÀ`hn¨Xv HgnªnS§fnÂ AXp \ne \nÂ¡pIbpanÃ. CXv sImt±lw e£yw sh¡p¶Xv CÉmanI kaqlw CÃmXmsb¶ Nn´bnte¡mWv. apÉnw kaql¯nÂ At±lw Pmlneo¿ kaqlsa¶pw aX{`jvTsc¶pw Btcm]n¡p¶p. At±l¯nsâ A`n{]mb¯nÂ CÉmanI kaqlw CÃmXhmtemSp IqsS ^nJvlo \nba§fpw CÃmXmbncn¡p¶p.

126

5. Bß ip²n ssIhcn¡msX Øm\§Ä¡v thn {ian¡pI F¶Xv CÉmanI kaql¯nÂ {]tbmK hÂ¡cn¡s¸tS ^nJvlo \nba§fpsS Iq«¯nÂs]«XmWv. CÉmanI kaqlw CÃmXmhp¶tXmSp IqsS B \nbahpw CÃmXmIp¶p.

6. CÉmanI kaql \nÀ½nXnbpsS {][m\ LSIamWv hn¹h Ne\§Ä.

7. \nc´c Ne\§Ä DmIp¶ ]co£W§fnepw aäpw P\§Ä kwkvIcn¡s¸SpIbpw kaqlw Ahsc apt¶m«p sh¡pIbpw kwkvIcn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

8. Bß kwkvIcWanÃ F¶v Dd¨ Hcp kaql¯nÂ ]dbs¸SpIbnÃ. ImcWw \nc´c hn¹h Ne\§Ä P\§sfbpw ]cnhÀ¯\§Ä¡v hnt[bcm¡pw.

9. B[p\nI apÉnw kaqlw Pmlneo¿ kaqlamWv.(kXy \ntj[nIÄ) CsXmcp hnShmWv. Cu hnShnÂ ^nJvlo \nba§Ä \ne\nÂ¡pIbnÃ.

10. k¿nZv JpXp_v aAvcn^Xv(BßÚm\w) hmZn¡p¶p. Cu taJebnse XpS¡w. At±l¯n\v am{Xta AdnbpIbpÅq.

11. kXy\ntj[nIfmb Pmlneo¿m kaql§fpsS Bhiy¯n\v Zo³ ]cnlmcw \ÂIpIbnÃ. ImcWw CÉmanI \nba§fpsSbpw Zo\nsâbpw km¶n²yw C¶nÃ F¶t±lw ]dbp¶p. Pmlneo¿

127

kaqlw sImt±lw Dt±ln¨Xv \nehnse apÉnw kaqls¯bmWv.

12. BZyambn sN¿s¸tS Imcyw temIt¯mSv apgph³ bp²w sNbvX CÉmanI kaqlw \nÀ½n¡pIbmWv. At¸mÄ B kaql¯nÂ ]pXnb ^nJvlv cq]w sImÅpw. temIt¯mSv apgph³ Gäpap«m³ At±lw Bhiys¸Sp¶p. AXns\ PnlmsZ¶v hnfn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. BZyw At±lw P\§sf AhnizmknIfm¡n, ]n¶oSv ^nJvlnÂ \n¶hsc hne¡n, ]ns¶ temIs¯ Iogvs¸Sp¯m\pÅ bp²¯n\mb t{]cn¸n¡p¶p. AXn\v tijw ]pXnb ^nJvlv \nehnÂ hcp¶p.

13. P\§sf apgph³ Iogvs¸Sp¯epw Ahsc CÉmanÂ {]thin¸n¡epamWv BZyw sNt¿Xv. ]n¶oSmWhÀ¡v \nba \nÀ½mWw \St¯Xv.

14. CXnsâ AÀ°w icoAXv hn[nIÄ {]tbmK¯nÂ sImphcm³ ]änbXÃ F¶Ã. AXnt¸mgpw \ne \nÂ¡p¶papv. ]s£ Cu icoA¯v \nba§Ä \S¸nÂ hcpt¯ apÉnw kaqlamWv C¶nÃm¯Xv.

15. Ahkm\ambn bqkp^v \_n(A) A[nImcw tNZn¨Xn\pÅ ImcWw At±lw \ap¡v hyàam¡n¯cp¶Xv bqkp^v \_n(A) Pmlneo¿ kaql¯nembncp\v#p Pohn¨ncp¶sX¶pw Bß kwkvIcWanÃmbva(A[nImcw tNmZn¡Â)bpsS \nba§Ä B kaql¯nÂ _m[Iambncp¶nÃ F¶pamWv.

128

Cu sXämb LSI§Ä tNÀ¯p sh¨mWv At±lw ^nJvlns\¡pdn¨pÅ ImgvN¸mSv cq]oIcn¡p¶Xv. At±l¯nsâ Xs¶ hm¡pIfp²cn¨v ]n¶oSv C¡mcyw IqSpXÂ hyàam¡mw. AXp hgn At±lw CÉmans\Xnscbpw apÉo§Äs¡Xncnepw JpÀB\nsâ ]hn{XX¡v hn\miIcamb coXnbnepw \S¯p¶ A{IaW§fpsS Bgw \ap¡v hyàamhpw. Cu Imcy§Ä hyàam¡p¶Xn\pw \ncq]W hnt[bam¡p¶Xn\pw ap¼v k¿Zn JpXp_n\v ^nJvlv AdnbnsÃ¶ tUm.bqkp^pÂ JÀfmhnsbt¸msebpÅ HcmfpsS km£yhpw JpXp_n\v CÉmanI ^pJvlo ]T\¯n\v Ahkcw In«nbncps¶¦nÂ F¶v Rm\m{Kln¨p t]mIp¶p. ^nJvlo {KÙ§Ä ]Tn¨pw ]mcmbWw sNbvXpw Ipd¨p Imew Ignªncp¶psh¦nÂ. ]s£ At±l¯nsâ kv]jyssetkj\pw krãn¨nÃ. AXpam{XhpaÃ, ^nJvlo {KÙ§fpsS ssienbpw coXnbpw At±l¯nsâ DbÀ¶ A`ncpNn¡nW§p¶XnaÃ.

taÂ ]dbs¸« Nn´m {]iv\§fnÂ k¿nZv JpXp_nsâ hmNI§Ä \ap¡v ]cntim[n¡mw.

1. ASªXpw Ddªp t]mbXpamWv ^nJvlo bpànsb¶pw ^nJvlv ]ÞnX·mcpsS

129

_p²nsb¶papÅ Btcm]Ww. At±lw ]dbp¶p. \½Ä ImWp¶ Cu hnjb¯nsâ Bghpw ]çpw Cu Hcp `mK¯v am{Xw hnjbs¯ HXp¡m³ ]mI¯neÃ. Aäp hi§fpw CXn\mbn \mw ]cnKWnt¡Xp. Dkqev, \pkzqknÂ \n¶v sXfnhpIÄ tiJcn¡p¶ coXnIÄ a\Ênemt¡Xpv. \nZm\ imkv{X¯n\pw AXnsâ hn[nIÄ¡pw A]camZnXzw \ÂIp¶ coXnsb¸än Nnń¡Ww. B hn[nIÄ ^nJvln ]ÞnXcpsS _p²nbnÂ Ddªncp¶Xpw ASªXpw ^nJvlnsâ bpànbnÂ HXp§nbXpamWv. CsXÃmw DWÀÆpIfnÃm¯ \qämpIfnemWv Xm\pw. (ô fnemenÂ JpÀB³þ4/2006)

2. CÉmanI kaql¯nsâ \nÀ½nXnbmWv ^nJvlv. kaqlamWv ^nJvln\v cq]w \ÂIp¶Xv. At±lw ]dbp¶p. H¶panÃm¯nS¯v CÉmanI ^nJvlv DmhpIbnÃ. CÃmbvabnÂ ^nJvlv \ne\nÂ¡pItbm a\Ênem¡s¸SpItbm CÃ. ^nJvlv DmbXv apÉnw kaql hyhØnXnbnemWv. {]mtbmKnI CÉmanI PohnX¯nse Bhiy§Ä¡v ]qcIambmWv ^nJvlv cq]w sImXv. HdC¡epw ^nJvlo hn[nIfÃ CÉmanI kmaqly hyhØnXn Dm¡nbXv. CÉman kmaqlnI hyhØnIfpsS {]mtbmKnI PohnX XeamWv ^nJvlv ]q]s¸Sp¯nsbSp¯Xv. Ncn{X]camb Cu cv {]mtbmKnI bmYmÀ°y§fpw hncÂ Nqp¶Xv AÉmanI ^nJvlnsâ {]IrX¯nte¡pw ^nJvlv \nba§Ä cq]oIcn¡s¸Sp¶ ]Ým¯e¯ent#¡pamWv.(ô fnemenÂ JpÀB³þ4/2006)

3. t]PpIfnepÅ ^nJvlpw {]tbmK¯nepÅ hcp¶pw ^nJAlpw X½nepÅ thÀXncnhv, Cu thÀXncnhv

130

Xncn¨dnbm¯hÀ ^nJvlv ]ÞnXscsÃ¶pw ^nJvlnsâ {]IrXs¯¡pdn¨hÀ¡dnbnsÃ¶pw Cu aX¯nsâ Xs¶ {]IrXs¯¸än AdnbnsÃ¶pw At±lw ]dbp¶p. Cu \na§sf H¶panÃm¯nS¯v \n¶v DÛhn¨sX¶pw A§ns\( apÉnw kaql hyhØnXn) CÃm¯nS§fnÂ {]tbmKnIam¡msa¶pw IcpXp¶hÀ ^nJvlv ]ÞnXcÃ. ^nJvlnsâ {]IrXw A\pkcn¨pÅ ^nJvlv AhÀ¡nÃ. Cu Zo\nsâ {]IrXIa\pkcn¨pÅ ^nJvlpw AhÀ¡nÃ. {]tbmK Xe¯nepÅ ^nJvlv t]PpIfnÂ HXp§p¶ ^oJvlnÂ \n¶pw hyXykvXamWvþ(^o fnemenÂ JpÀB³þ4/2006)

4. ^nJvlv hn[CIÄ HgnªnS§fnÂ \n¶pmbXpw CÃmbvabnÂ(apÉnw kmaqly hyhØnbXnbpsS)AXp \ne \nÂ¡pIbpanÃ. At±lw ]dbp¶p. kzbw \ne \nÂ¡p¶tXm kzbw cq]oIcn¡s¸«tXm Bb Hcp ^nJvlv \nbahpanÃ. FÃm \nba§fnepw Øe, Ime kmlNcy kzm[o\§Ä hyàamWv. AXv sImp Xs¶ apÉnw kmaqly hyhØnXnIfnÃm¯nS¯v \n¶v ^nJvlv cq]oIcn¡s¸SpItbm \ne \nÂ¡pItbm CÃ(fnemÂþ4/2006)

5. Bß kwkvIcWanÃmbvabpw Øm\§Ä¡m{Kln¡epw apÉnw kmaqly hyhØbnÂcq]oIcn¡s¸« AtX kmlNcy§fnÂ {]tbmKn¡s¸tS ^nJvlv \nbaamWv. CÉmanI kaql¯nemIp¶nS¯v ^nJvlv \na§fpw CÃmXmIp¶p. At±lw ]dbp¶p. AXv CÉmanIamb Hcp hn[nbmWv.. CÉmanI kaql¯nemWXv {]tbmKnI kw`h§fpsS \SphnemWv, AÃmsX k¦Â] `qanIbÃ. AXn\mÂ AXnsâ icnbmb {]tbmKhÂ¡cWw icnbmIp¶Xv Hcp apÉnw kmaqly

131

hyhØnXnbnÂ am{XamWv. am{XaÃ, B kaql \nÀ½nXnbpw CÉmanIhpw icoA¯v \nba§Ä ]n´pScp¶Xpw FÃm LSI§fpw CÉmanIamhpIbpw thWw. Cu LSI§Ä H¯phcm¯ FÃm kaql§sfbpw HgnªnS§fnembn (CÉmanI kmaqlnI hyhnØnXn CÃm¯nSw) ]cnKWn¡s¸Spw. B hn[nIÄ¡hnsS \ne\nÂ¸pmhpÃ. Cu lpIpapIÄ(hn[nIÄ) \nehnepÅ t]msebmWv CÉmanI cm{ãob LS\bpsS \nehnepÅ FÃm lpIpapIfpw.(fnemÂþ4/2007)

6. Hn¹h Ne\§fmWv Cu kaql \nÀ½mW¯nsâ {][m\ LSIw. At±lw ]dbp¶p. Cu apÉnw kaql¯nsâ \nÀ½nXnbpsS {][m\ LSIw hn¹h Ne\§fmWv. CÉmanI kaqlsa¶Xv CÉmanI hnizmk kn²m´§fpsS DÂ¸¶hpamWv.(fnemÂþ4/2007)

7. CÉmanI kaql¯nse Ne\ ss\c´cyw krãn¡p¶ ]co£W§fpw kmlNcy§fpw P\§fnÂ amä§fpm¡pIbpw kaql hyhØnXn Ahsc apt¶m«p sh¡pIbpw kwkvIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. At±lw ]dbp¶p. AhÀ¡pw AhcpsS P\X¡panSbnÂ AÃmlp kXyw sImv hn[nIv#p¶Xv hscbpw, ]n¶oSv AhÀ¡v `qanbnÂ kuIcyw sNbvXp sImSp¡p¶Xv hscbpw (apÊn§Ä¡v BZy {]mhiyw kuIcyw In«nbXv t]me) At¸mÄ AhnsS Hdp CÉmanI LS\ cq]w sImÅp¶p. At¶ Znhkw XpS¡w apXÂ CÉmanI hn¹h {]Øm\§Ä hn¹h¡msc hyXykvX Xe§fnembn thÀXncn¨n«pmIpw. hniAhmk]camb aqey§fpsS ASnØm\¯nemIpw Cu thÀXncnhv. At¸mÄ Bcpw

132

kzbw Øm\mÀ°nXzw {]Jym]nt¡Xnepw F¶p am{XaÃ. H¸w ]cn{ian¨p hn¹hImcnIsfÃmw ]ckv]cw Adnbp¶hcpw \nÀt±in¡p¶hcpw BIpw.(fnemÂþ4/2008)

8. Bß kwkvIcWanÃ F¶v Dd¨ Hcp kaql¯nÂ ]dbs¸SpIbnÃ. ImcWw \nc´c hn¹h Ne\§Ä P\§sfbpw ]cnhÀ¯\§Ä¡v hnt[bcm¡pw. At±lw ]dbp¶p. ]n¶oSv ]dbs¸t«¡mw, ]s£ CXv BZyL«¯nemWv. AXn\v tijw CÉmanI kaqlw kpØncambn h¶mÂ? Cu tNmZyw CÉmansâ {]IrXw Adnbm¯hcnÂ \n¶pw am{Xsa DmhpIbpÅq. CÉmw FÃm L«¯nepw Ne\mßIambncn¡pw. \nÝemhØ DmhpIbnÃ Xs¶ a\pjys\ kzX{´\m¡m³ AXv {]hÀ¯n¨p sImtbncn¡p¶p.(fnemÂþ4/2008) 9.B[p\nI apkvenw kaqlw apgph\pw Pmlneo¿(Ahizmkn) kaqlamWv. B HgnªnS¯v (apÉnw kaqlanÃm¯nSw) ^nJvlv \nba§Ä ASnØm\]cambn \ne \nÂ¡nÃ. At±lw ]dbp¶p.

‘CÉmanI LS\bpsS {]IrXhpambn XmcXayw sN¿pt¼mÄ B[p\nI Pmlneo¿ kaqlw HgnªnS§fmbn (CÉmanI kmaqlnI hyhØnXn \nehnenÃm¯nSw) ]cnKWn¡s¸Spw. ^nJvlo hn[nIÄ AhnsS \ne \nÂ¡pItbm CÉmanI LS\ AhnsS

cq]w sImÅpItbm CÃ’.(fnemÂþ4/2009) 10. k¿nZv JpXp_v BßobÚm\w(aAvcn^Xv) Ds¶v hmZn¡p¶p. Cu hnjaL«¯nÂ \n¶v ]pd¯p IS¡m\pÅ hgn At±l¯n\v am{Xsa AdnbpIbpÅq. At±lw ]dbp¶p.

133

‘Cu hnja L«¯nÂ FhnsS XpS§Wsas¶\n¡dnbmw. CsXmcp k¦Â]amWv. \man¶v Pohn¡p¶ kaqlw apÉnw kmaqlnImhØb\pkcn¨msW¦nÂ, CÉmanI \nba hyhØIÄ {]tbmKhXvIcn¡m³ Cu kaql¯nÂ {ian¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ! \nehnepÅ AwK LS\m hyhØbnepw kz`mhKpW hntij§fnepw! ChnsSbmWv XpS¡w. GXv KthjI³ ChnsS XpS§nbmepw Ah³ H¶panÃm¯nS¯v \n¶mWv (CÉmanI kmaqlnI hyhØnXn CÃm¯nSw) XpS§p¶Xv. Ah³ Cu H¶panÃm¯nS¯v Dgdn \St¡n hcpw, \man¶v Pohn¡p¶ kaqlw e£Wsam¯ CÉmanI kaqlaÃ. AXp sImp Xs¶ CÉmanI LS\bpsS {]tbmKhXvIcWtam ^nJvlv \nba§fpsS {]tbmKhXvIcWtam \S¸nÃ. CÉmanI \nba§fpsSbpw ^nJvlv \nba§fpsSbpw {]tbmKhXvIcWw e£Wsam¯

CÉmanI kaqlanÃm¯nS¯v km[yaÃ’.(fnemÂþ4/2009)

11. kXy \ntj[nIfmb Pmlneo¿m kaql§fpsS Bhiy§Ä¡v Zo³ ]cnlmcw \ÂIpIbnÃ. ImcWw CÉmanI \nba§fpsSbpw Zo\nsâbpw km¶n²yw C¶nÃ.

At±lw ]dbp¶p. ‘\½psS ASp¯v DÅ Zo\nsâ \nba§Ä Pmlneo¿ kaql§tfmSp tbmPn¡p¶tXm AXnsâ Ahiy§Ä¡p ]cnlmcw \ÂIp¶tXm AÃ. ImcWw Cu Zo³ Pmlneo¿ kaql§fpsS \ne\nÂ]v ASnØm\]cambn Cãs¸SpItbm AwKmIcn¡pItbm sN¿p¶nÃ. B kaql§fpsS AÚXbnÂ \n¶pbÀ¶p hcp¶ Bhiy§sfbpw Cu aXw ]cnKWn¡p¶nÃ. AXn\p

]cnlmcw ImWp¶Xnepw AXvt]mse Xs¶’.(fnemÂþ4/2010)

134

12. k¼qÀ® CÉmanI kaql \nÀ½nXn¡mbn BZyambn sNt¿Xv apgptemIt¯mSpw bp²w sN¿pIbmWv. At¸mÄ

]pXnb ^nJvlv cq]w sImÅpw. At±lw ]dbp¶p. ‘Cu hn¹h Ne\w \nÀ_Ôambpw ]e ]co£W§fpw {]iv\§fpw A`napJoIcnt¡Xmbn hcpw. B kab¯v {]iv\§fnÂ AIs¸«v ]ng¨p t]mIp¶h³ ]ng¨pt]mIpw. AÃmlphns\ kXyam¡n hnizkn¡p¶h³ A§s\ hnizkn¡pw. XpSÀ¶v càkm£nbmbn amdpw. £atbmsS Im¯ncn¡p¶h³ {]Xo£n¨ncn¡pw. Ahsâ hn¹h \o¡§fnÂ A§ns\ XpScpIbpw AÃmlp kXy \ntj[nIÄ¡pw AhÀ¡panSbnÂ kXyw sImv hn[n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. ]n¶oSh\v AÃmlp `qanbnÂ A[nImc kuIcy§Ä Hcp¡ns¡mSp¡pw. At¸mÄ am{XamWv CÉmanI LS\ \nehnÂ hcp¶Xv. hn¹h t]mcm«¡mÀs¡Ãmw hyXykvX PohnX Xe§fnephp¶ Bhiy§fpapmhpw Pmlneo¿ kaql¯nse Bhiy§fnÂ \n¶pw XnI¨pw hyXykvXambXmbncn¡pw Bhiy§Ä. kaql¯nepmhp¶ {]mtbmKnI {]iv\§fpsS ]cnlmc¯n\mbn A¶v CÉmanI ^nJvlv \nba§Ä \nÀ½n¡¸SpIbpw Ne\mßIamb Hcp ^nJvln\v cq]w sImSp¡pIbpw sN¿pw (fnemÂþ4/2011)

At±lw ]dbp¶p. CXv sImv Hcp InXm_nepw kp¶¯nepw ]dbs¸« icoA¯v \nba§Ä Hcp Xc¯nepw \nehnensÃ¶v Rm³ Dt±in¡p¶nÃ .]s£ Cu \nba§Ä \nbaam¡s¸« kaqlw \nehnensÃ¶v am{XamWv \mw Dt±in¨Xv. Cu \nba§Ä A¯csamcp kaql¯nÂ am{XamWv \ne\nÂ¡pItbm {]tbmKn¡vs¸SpItbm sN¿pI.

135

AXp sImp Xs¶ B \nba§fpsS {]mtbmKnIX B kaql¯nsâ BhnÀ`mhhpambn _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶p. ]n¶oSv B Pmlneo¿ kaql¯nÂ \n¶v CÉmante¡p hcp¶ Hmtcm¯cpw B \nbaw A\pkcn¡epw CÉmanI LS\m kwhn[m\w \nehnÂ hcp¯m\mbn th hn¹h t]mcm«§Ä \S¯epw Pmlneob¯ns\ {]Xntcm[n¡pt¼mÄ t\cntSn hcp¶ {]iv\§sf t\cnSepw Hmtcm

apÉnansâbpw _m[yXbmWv’. (^n fnemenÂ JpÀB³þ4/2013)

15. Ahkm\ambn bqkp v \_n (A) A[nImc¯n\mbn {ian¨Xnsâ s]mcpÄ At±lw hwfnhm¡p¶p. bqkp^v \_n Pmlneo¿ kaql¯nembncp¶p Pohn¨ncp¶Xv.AXnÂ Bß kwkvIcW¯nsâ \nba§Ä {]mtbmKnIamhpIbnÃ.

At±lw ]dbp¶p. ‘Cu hniZoIcWw bqkp^v \_nbpsS hnib¯nepÅ bmYmÀ°yw shfnhmIpambncn¡pw. Hcp CÉmanI kmaqlnI hyhØbnembncp¶nÃ At±lw Pohn¨Xv. A§s\bmhpt¼mÄ am{XamWv Bß kwkvIcW¯nsâ \nbaw At±l¯n\v _m[Iamhp¶Xpw A[nImcw tNmZn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmIp¶Xpw AwKoIcn¡s¸Sp¶ Hcp `cW IÀ¯hmIm³ ]äpsa¶t±l¯n\v tXm¶nbXp sImmhmw At±lw

A§s\ sNbvXXv’.(fnemÂþ4/2013)

A\p_Ôw

1. Cuhnjb§sfms¡bpwASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶Xvkaql¯n\v aX{`jvTIÂ¸n¡p¶XnemWv. kaqls¯ Pmlneo¿Xv (AXvIp vdmWv)sImvBtcm]n¡p¶XnemWv Cu Zo³

136

\qämpIfmbn \nehnensÃ¶vBhÀ¯n¡p¶XnemWvapÉnwkaqlkrãn¸n\mbnHcp hn¹hhpw t]mcm«hpw A\nhmcyamsW¶v ]dbp¶XnemWv. Cu Nn´Isfms¡ At±l¯nsâ _p²n¡pw bpàn¡pwcq]w \ÂInbn«pÅXpamWv. At±l¯nsâkmaqly \oXnCÉmanÂF¶ ]pkvXI¯nse D²cWn hntijW {]Imcw `qapJ¯vC¶v Cu Zo\nsâ km¶n²yw ImWm\nÃ. a\pjyPohnX¯ÂAÃmlph\ÃmsXhn[n IÀXzmhImiwhIsh¨psImSp¡m¯ Ahkm\ kwLwCÃmXmbtXmSpIqSn `qapJ¯v Zo³ CÃmXmbn (kmaqly \oXnCÉmanÂ t]Pv.183) aBenw ^o XzcodnÂAt±lw ]dbp¶p. apÉnw D½¯nsâ km¶n²yw CÃmXmbn ]cnKWn¡s¸Sm³ XpS§nbn«v \qämpIfmbn«vapÉn§ÄH¶S¦wAhnizmknIfmbn¯oÀ¶ncn¡pIbmWv. At±l¯nsâho£W¯nÂ ]n¶oSpÅL«w ^nJvlnsâhn[nIÄ _m[IaÃmXm¡emWv. ImcWw B ^nJvlv \ne\nÂt¡ kaqlwCÃmXmbncn¡p¶p.

2. Cu kn²m´w AXnsâFÃm `mK§tfmSpwIqsSAt§bäw A]ISIcamWv. ImcWw Zo³ \ne \nÂ¡p¶nÃ F¶ hmZhpwPmlneo¿Xv \ne\nÂ¡p¶p F¶ hmZhpwAXpsImpXs¶

137

^nJvlpw AXnsâ \nba§fpw CÃmXmIp¶p F¶ hmZhpw Zo\nt\mSpÅ A{Iahpw apl½Zob cnkme¯n\p taepÅ IS¶p IbähpamWv. AÃmlp Cu cnkmeXns\ Ahkm\t¯Xpw kIeÀ¡pw A\p{Klhpw Cu D½¯ns\ Gähpw DbÀ¶ D½¯mbpw AhXcn¸n¨t¸mÄ k¿nZv JpXp_v AXns\ kXy \ntj[¯nsâbpw Pmlneo¿¯nsâbpw kaqlam¡n amän.

Cu aX¯nsâ {]IrXs¯¡pdn¨pw AX\pkcn¨v hyXyØ kmlNcy¯nÂ F§s\ Pohn¡Wsa¶Xns\¡pdn¨pw At±l¯n\pÅ XnIª AÚXbnÂ \n¶mWv At±l¯nsâ Cu hmZ§Ä DSseSp¡p¶Xv. CÉmapambn apÉn§Ä i{XpXtbmsS ]Xnaq¶v hÀj¡mew a¡bnÂ Pohn¨p. FtXym]ybnÂ apÉn§Ä i{Xp¡fpsS AwKoImct¯msS Pohn¨p. lnPvd¡p ap¼v Hukv, JkvdPv F¶nhÀ¡nSbnÂ \yq\]£amb apÉn§Ä Pohn¨p. \mKcnIXbpsS cmw L«¯nÂ apÉn§Ä `qcn]£ambn aZo\bnÂ Pohn¨p. hyXykvXamb A´co£¯nÂ Pohnt¡ \mep amXrIIÄ Zo\v \ap¡v ImWn¨p X¶p. F¶n«v k¿nZv sImp hcp¶ hmZw CÉmansâ AkvXnXzw \o§nt¸msb¶pw km¶n²yw apdnªp t]msb¶pamWv.

4 IÀ½imkv{X ]ÞnX-·msc \njv{In-b-Xzhpw apc-Sn¸pw Btcm-]n-¡p-¶Xv CÉm-anI kaq-l-¯nÂ Ncn{Xt¯mSpÅ henb i{Xp-X-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS hn¹-hs¯ IpdnNpÅ AÚXbpam-Wv. apÉn-§-fpsS hoSp-I-fnepÅ {]iv\-§fpw hn]- p-Ifpw kw`-h§fpw AhÀ \nco£n¨v ]Tn¨v ]n´p-SÀ¶v Hcp \nba kwlnX sImp-hcp¶Xv hsc AhÀ

138

]cn{ian¨n«pv. ]cn-ip-²-amb id-Cs\ Ipdn¨pw AXnsâ imJ-Isf Ipdn¨pw ]qÀWamb DÄImgv¨ DÅ-Xn-\m-em-Wn-Xv. ssiJv apl-½Zv A_vZpÂ akmb AÂ _¯m\n kaq-l-¯nse hnhn[ L«-§fn-epff 5000 apPvX-ln-Zp-Isf Ipdn¨v Hcp JnXm_v X¿mdm¡n-bn-«p-v. HcpIm-e¯pw CPvXn-lm-Znsâ hmXnÂ ASªp t]mbn«nsÃ¶pw apdnªpt]mbn«nsÃ¶pw AXn\v {]tXyI Xe-apd CsÃ¶pw At²lw ]d-bp-¶p.

5 bqkp v \_n(A)bpsS Øm\s¯ It¿-äw

sN¿pIbpw At²lw Pm-ln-en¿m Ime¯v Pohns¨¶v ]d-bp-Ibpw iq\y-XbnÂ IÀ½imkv{X- n\v {]-kànbnÃm¯Xp sImv AXns\ Ipdn¨v At±lw ]dªn«nsÃ¶v hmZn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. ChnsS _lp-am-\y-\mb \_n-bpsS kvYm\s¯ Ipdn¨v henb AÚXbmWv. ap¼pÅ ^nJvlv t\m¡n-bÃ At±lw hn[n-¡p-¶Xv adn¨v kµÀt`m-Nn-X-ambn ssZhnI hniZoI-cWw Cd§emWv.

6 bqkp v \_n-(A) cmPm[nIm-cw tXSn-bn«nÃ, AXn\v {ian¨n-«panÃ. ]ns¶ At±-l- nsâ {]mÀ°\bmb (`qanbpsS JP-\m-hnsâ taÂ A[n-Imcw Xc-tW...) F¶Xv sImv sXfnshSp-¡Â henb ]nghpw JpÀB\nI kml-Ncy-§-tfm-SpÅ A´-c-hp-am-Wv. hln-¡p-¶Xpw A¼nbm¡sf Ipdn¨pÅ sXd-dn-²m-cWIÄ Ah-cpsS _p²n-bpsS {]iv\-amWv. At¸mÄ JpÀB³ ]d-bm¯ Imcy§Ä AhÀ JpÀ-B-\nsâXmbn ]d-bp-¶p. Ah-cpsS ap³hn-[n-I-fmb k¦Â]-§sf sXäpw icnbpam¡n AhXcn¸n¡p¶p.

7 F\n¡v `qanbpsS JP-\m-hnsâ taÂ A[n-Imcw XctW F¶ kqà¯nsâ Dt±iw AdnhmWv. XpSÀ¨-bmb

139

\nc-h[n Bb- p-I-fn-eqsS bqkp^v \_n-bpsS Adnhns\Ipdn¨v ]d-ªn-«pv aPmA(]-«n-Wn) kw`-h- nÂ ImÀjnI amµyw ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xnepw IrjnImcy CS-]m-Sp-I-fnepw At²-l- nsâ ]mWvUnXyw hyà-am-hmbn.CXv I CuPn]vjy³ P\X At²l¯n\v AKm[amb Úm\aps¶v a\Ênem¡n. cmPmhv At²-ls¯ Bhiy-s¸«v ZqXs\ Abs¨¦nepw At²lw hnk-½-Xn- p. ]ns¶ cmPmhv At²lw CjvS-s -Sp¶ Nne Øm\-§Ä {]ZÀin-]n- -t¸mÄ Ah-cpsS t{]cW {]Imcw km¼- nI a{´ntbm D]-tZ-jvSmhmtbm Øm\taäp. ASn-Øm\ ]c-ambn B cmP-Øm\w At²lw tXSn-btXm AXn-\mbn ]cn-{i-an- tXm AÃ CXns\Ipdn¨v hni-Z-ambn tijw hcp-¶pv.

*** AkvlÀ bqWnthgvknänbpsS _p²ntI{µ§Ä

\S¯nb ‘XwIo³’ kn²m´s¯¡pdn¨pÅ k¼qÀ®]T\w CXmWv.

‘XwIo³’ F¶ ]Zw AÃmlp hnizmknbpsSbpw \ntj[nbpsSbpw t]cnepw, Ignªp t]mb kaql§fpsS Imcy¯nepw ,s]mXpsh a\pjycpsS Imcy¯nepw kzXz¯nte¡v tNÀ¯p sImpw [mcmfambn D]tbmKn¨n«pv. CsX¡pdn¨v \½Ä \nco£n¨mÂ

‘XwIo³’F¶ ]Zw AÃmlp D]tbmKn¨nSs¯Ãmw ssZhnIamb CS]mSmWv. am\pjnIamb \nÀ_ÔmhØbÃ.

At¸mÄ ‘XwIo³’ AÃmlp Dm¡p¶XmWv. AÃmlp

140

]dbp¶p…….’\n§Ä¡v Rm³ `pansb kuIcys¸Sp¯n¯cnIbpw PohnXtbmKyam¡pIbpw

sNbvXp’……(kqdXv AAvdm v þ10)

ChnsS ‘XwIo³’ F¶XnsâbÀYw Cu `qan\£{X¯nÂ AÃmlp BIÀjIamb coXnsbmcp¡nsb¶XmWv. KpcpXzmIÀjWw NqSnsâ {IaoIcWw,ImemhØ, ac§Ä ,A´co£]mfnIÄ, agtaL§Ä,Irjn C§s\sbÃm kuIcy§fpw

Hcp¡n.CXn\v AÃmlphnsâ ‘XwIo³’F¶mWv ]dbpI.

]s£,‘XwIo³’F¶Xns\ AapÉnwIÄ¡v kw`hn¡p¶ Hcp kwKXnbpam¡n (`qanbnÂ Rm³ kuIcyw sNbvXv sImSp¯v \Ã ag hÀjn¸n¨ F{X F{X kaql§sfbmWv \n§Ä¡v aps¼ Rm³ \in¸n¨sX¶v \n§Ä ImWp¶ntÃ)

t\m¡q,AÃmlp AhÀ¡v X¿mdm¡nb A\p{Kl§fpw {]IrXn k¼¯pw F{XbmsW¶v AhÀ¡v ag hÀjn¸n¡pI hgn Irjn,aÕy k¼¯v F¶nh Dmbn. ]ns¶ AÃmlp

]dªp…..AhcpsS AcnIneqsS HgpIp¶ \Znsb Rm³ \ÂIn.

At¸mÄ AhÀ¡v k¼pãX Ip¶p IqSpIbmWv. CsXÃmw

‘XwIo³’sâ Nn{XoIcW§fmWv.]s£,Cu

‘XwIo³’hnizmkhpambn _ÔnXtam AÃ. CXn\p sXfnhmbn

AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “AhcpsS sXäpIÄ ImcWw Ahsc Rm³ \in¸n¡pIbnÃ.AhÀ¡v tijw asämcp kaqls¯

141

sImp hcnIbpw sNbvXp”At¸mÄ ChnsS `qan \ndsb

kar²nbpw DmIpw. AsXÃmw ‘XwIo³’ F¶ t]cnÂ

Xs¶bmWv . ]s£. Cu ‘XwIo³’hnizmkt¯msSbpw AÃmsXbpapmhmw. At¸mÄ apÉnwIfÃm¯ B

kaql¯n\v sImSp¯ hnhn[§fmb ‘XwIo³’ssZhnIamb

Ahsâ A\p{KlamWv.AÃmlp ]dbp¶p” Hcp Iq«À¡v Rm³ `qanbnÂ kuIcyw Hcp¡ns¡mSp¯p.AhÀ \nkv¡mcw \ne\nÀ¯n,k¡m¯v sImSp¯p,\· IÂ¸n¨p,Xn· \ntcm[n¨p,Ahkm\ Imcy§Ä AÃmlphnsâ

Xocpam\{]ImcamWv.

AÃmlp hopw ]dbp¶p: \n§fnÂ \n¶v hnizkn¨htcmSpw \· {]hÀ¯n¨htcmSpw AhcpsS ap³IgnªhÀ¡v A[nImcw \ÂInbXv t]mse `qanbnÂ AÃmlp A[nImcw \ÂIpsa¶pw AhÀ¡v Xr]vXnIcamb AhcpsS aX¯n\v kuIcysamcp¡ns¡mSp¡psa¶pw A`b¯mÂ AhcpsS t]Sn¡v tijw AhÀ¡v Rm³ ]Icw

sN¿psa¶pw AÃmlp hmKvZm\w sNbvXp.

Ct¸mgpÅ kaql§Ä¡nSbnse ‘XwIo³’F¶mÂ hyànIÄ¡nSbnse kvt\l _Ôw t]msebmW.v P\§fpsS a\ÊnÂ kvt\lw krãn¡v F¶v ]dªv \ap¡mtcmSpw IÂ¸n¡m³ IgnbnÃ. adn¨v \mw AhtcmSv ]dbp¶Xv \nsâ s]cpamäw \¶m¡q ,\Ã coXnbnÂ P\§tfmSv CS]gIq ,At¸mÄ AÃmlp AhcpsS a\ÊnÂ \nsâ kvt\lw ImWpw. A_plpssdd (d) D²cn¨v sImv _pJmcn Camw dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿p¶p.

142

“HcSnasb AÃmlp Cã¸«mÂ Pn_vcoÂ(A)ans\ AÃmlp hnfn¨v ]dbpw. AÃmlp Hcphs\ Cãs¸«ncn¡p¶p. \obpw Cãs¸SpI. At¸mÄ Pn_vcoÂ(A) Ahs\ Cãs¸Spw ]ns¶ BImi¯pÅhtcmSv Ahs\ CjvSs¸Sm³ Pn_vcoÂ(A) ]dbpw. Ahcpw Ahs\ CjvSs¸Spw. ]ns¶

Ah\v `qanbnÂ kzoImcyX \ÂIs¸Spw”.

AÃmlphns\ Bcm[n¡m\pw hnizkn¡m\pw AÃmlp P\§tfmSv IÂ¸n¨p. tijw \mKcnIX, sFizcyw, a\pjys\ am\n¡pI, icoct¯bpw _p²ntbbpw càt¯bpw kwc£n¡pI, AÚXbnÂ \n¶pw apàn t\SpI F¶o Imcy§fpw IÂ¸n¨p. At¸mÄ \mw km¼¯nI kpØncXtbmsS, cmjv{Sob hyhØnXnbpsS ØncXtbmsS, A[ym]\ Nn´m ]ptcmKXntbmsS kaql¯nÂ Cu ZuXyw

\nÀÆln¡pt¼mÄ ‘XwIo³’F¶v ]dbp¶ Cu Imcyw AÃmlp km[n¸n¨p Xcp¶p.

bYmÀ°¯nÂ ‘XwIo³’s\Ipdn¨v JpÀB³ ]dbp¶Xns\ ssZhnI ASnØm\§tfmSpw, IÀ½ imkv{X \nba§tfmSpw, JpÀB³ hymJym\ acymZtbmSpw, t{ImUoIcW coXntbmSpw, IqsS kao]n¨Xnsâ A\ćêamWv AkvlÀ ico^nse sshÚm\nI NnÍÄ krjvSn¨Xv.

AXn\pZmlcWamWv bqkp v \_n(A). AÃmlp

]dbp¶p: “CuPn]vXnÂ \n¶v Ahs\ hnesImSp¯ BÄ Xsâ `mcytbmSv ]dªp. Ch\v am\yamb Xmak kuIcyw \ÂIpI. Ah³ \ap¡v {]tbmP\s¸t«¡mw. AsÃ¦nÂ

143

\ap¡hs\ aI\mbn kzoIcn¡mw. A{]Imcmw \mw

bqkp^n\v `q{]tZi¯v kuIcyapm¡ns¡mSp¯p”.

FhnsS ‘XwIo³’..? AhÀ hm§nbXv ASnabm¡m\tÃ..? InWdnÂ hoW bqkp^v \_nsb ASnabm¡m³ thnbmWv CuPn]vXnse¯ns¨¦nepw AÃmlphnsâ Xocpam\w bqkp v \_nsb cmPmhnt\mS¸w kwkmcn¡p¶, _p²nsImpw Úm\w sImpw Adnbs¸Sp¶ AÛpXÚm\nbmIWsa¶mbncp¶p. AÃmlphnsâ Xocpam\w bqkp v \_nsb henb A`b

tI{µam¡n amän. ‘XwIo³’F¶Xv aäpÅhÀ \nsâ Ignhnt\bpw klmbt¯bpw _lpam\n¡m³ \nÀ_Ôn¡s¸Sp¶ \nsâ sshÚm\nI k¼¯mWv. Cu

kµÀ`w HmÀ¡pI. “Ah³ ]dªp. ]eXcw t]¡n\mhpIÄ! R§Ä A¯cw t]¡m\mhpIsf¸än AdnhpÅhcÃ. B cv t]cnÂ (bqkp^nsâ cv PbnÂ kplr¯p¡fnÂ) \n¶v c£s¸«h³ Hcp \o Imebfhn\v tijw

(bqkp^nsâ Imcyw) HmÀ½n¨p sImv ]dªp: “AXnsâ hyJym\s¯¸än Rm³ \n§Ä¡v hnhcadnbn¨p Xcmw. \n§Ä (AXn\v )Fs¶ \ntbmKnt¨¡q.

tl kXykÔ\mb bqkp v XSn¨p sImgp¯ Ggv ]ip¡sf Ggv saenª ]ip¡Ä Xn¶p¶ Imcy¯nepw Ggv ]¨¡XncpIfptSbpw thsd Ggv DW§nb IXncpIfptSbpw Imcy¯nepw Xm¦Ä R§Ä¡v hn[n ]dªp XcWw. P\§Ä Adnbphm\mbn B hnNmchpw sImv F\n¡v AhcpsS ASpt¯¡v aS§matÃm. bqkp^v ]dªp: \n§Ä Ggv sImÃw XpSÀ¨bmbn Irjn sN¿p¶XmWv. F¶n«v \n§Ä

144

sImbvsXSp¯XnÂ \n¶v \n§Ä¡v `£n¡m³ AÂ]w

Hgn¨v _m¡n AXnsâ IXncnÂ Xs¶ hnt«¡pI”.

Hm.. Úm\n..cmjv{S§fpsS ImcyIÀXrXz¯nÂ hn[n

]dªp XcnI. “Ggv XSn¨ ]ip¡sf Ggv saenª ]ip¡Ä Xn¶p¶ Imcyhpw, Ggv ]¨¡XncpIfptSbpw Ggv DW§nb

IXncpIfptSbpw Imcyw” F¶ {]iv\s¯ F§s\ \mw hyJym\n¡pw. bqkp v \_n AXv PohnX¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\ tcJbmbn hymJym\n¨p. AXv bqkp^v \_nbnÂ \n¶pÅ ZoÀL ho£W¯ntâbpw, `mhn {]XnkÔnIfpsS ]cnlmc

amÀKhpw \ndª Úm\k¼¯mbn. “cmPmhv ]dªp: \n§Ä At±ls¯ Fsâ ASp¯v sImp hcq, Rm³ At±ls¯ Hcp {]tXyI¡mc\mbn kzoIcn¡pw. At±lt¯mSv kwkmcn¨t¸mÄ cmPmhv ]dªp: XoÀ¨bmbpw Xm¦Ä C¶v \½psS ASp¡Â Øm\apÅh\pw

hnizkvX\pamIp¶p”, F¶ hN\¯neqsS AÃmlp bqkp^v \_n¡v henb kzoImcyX \ÂIpIbpw A]qÀÆÚm\w sImv hntijn¸n¡m³ cmPmhv Bhiys¸SpIbpw sNbvXp. A§s\ AÃmlphnt\mSv kwkmcn¨t¸mÄ At±l¯n\v H¶mwXcw km¼¯nI _p²n \ÂIs¸«p. F¶n«v ]dªp:

“\nÝbw Xm¦Ä \½psS ASp¡Â Øm\apÅh\pw

hnizkvX\pamIp¶p”. XpSÀ¶v AÃmlp ]dªp: “At±lw ]dªp. Xm¦Ä Fs¶ JP\mhpIfpsS A[nImcw GÂ¸n¡q. XoÀ¨bmbpw Rm³ Hcp hnhcapÅ

kq£n¸pImc\mbncn¡pw”. CXmWv ‘XwIo³’.

145

“Xm¦Ä Fs¶ `qanbnse JP\mhpIfpsS A[nImcw

GÂ¸n¡q” F¶ BJym\¯n\v Nne hnIe Nn´IÄ \ÂIs¸Sp¶pv. AhÀ ]dbp¶Xv CXv bqkp^v \_nbpsS A[nImc XÂ]cXbmWv. Npcp¡¯nÂ, Úm\t¯msS a\pjys\ Øncs¸Sp¯epw, cmjv{Sw FÃmamsW¶ [mcWbpw, Xm\nÑn¡pw {]Imcw Imcy§Ä \S¯epw, Aht\mSv ]dbp¶Xv \o Xs¶bmWv {]Xn_Ô§sf \nÀamÀÖ\w sN¿p¶h³ F¶mWv. IqSmsX \nsâ Úm\hpw ]mÞnXyhpw Xm³ ]cym]vXamsW¶hs\ t_m[ys¸Sp¯p¶pv.

‘XwIo³’Hcp ssZhnI CSs]SemWv, `qan hmktbmKyam¡pI, XymKw sN¿pI, sshÚm\nI ]ptcmKXnbpm¡pI, cmjv{Sw ]WnbpI, AÃmlphns\ Bcm[n¡pI, Z´ ip²oIcWw \S¯pI, apXemb Imcy§Ä sN¿m³ \mw _m[yØcmWv. Cu Imcy§fnÂ \mw hnPbn¨mÂ AÃmlp \ap¡v hnime ]cnKW\ \ÂIpw.

AXns\ \ap¡p ‘XwIo³’F¶v ]dbmw.

lrZb¯nÂ Hmtcmcp¯tcmSpw kvt\lw F¶Xv

t]msebmWv kaql¯nÂ Cu ‘XwIo³’F¶Xv. \mw Xs¶bmWv Cu Imcy§fnÂ hnlcn¡p¶hcpw.

‘XwIo³’F¶Xv a\Ênem¡m\pÅ H¶mas¯ hgn

BhÀ¯n¨p h¶ bqkp v \_nbpsS ‘XwIo³’\nsâ ImcWamb Úm\ amÀKw a\Ênem¡emWv. bAvJq_v(A)

]dªp: “A{]Imcw \nsâ c£nXmhv \ns¶

146

sXscsªSp¡pIbpw kz]v\ hmÀ¯IfpsS hymJym\¯nÂ

\n¶v \n\¡h³ ]Tn¸n¨p XcnIbpw sN¿p¶p”. At¸mÄ kz]v\§Ä ]Tn¸n¡Â Úm\¯nsâ amÀKamsW¶v a\ÊnemIpw.

hopw AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: CuPn]vXnÂ \n¶v Ahs\

hnes¡Sp¯ BÄ Xsâ `mcytbmSv ]dªp: “Ch\v am\yamb Xmak kuIcyw sImSp¡pI. \ap¡h³ {]tbmP\s¸t«¡mw. AsÃ¦nÂ \ap¡hs\ aI\mbn

kzoIcn¡mw” F¶Xpw, “A{]Imcw \mw bqkp^n\v B `q{]tZi¯v At±ls¯ ]Tn¸n¡m³ thn

kuIcyapm¡ns¡mSp¯p”. ChnsS Úm\¯nsâ amÀKw(an vXmlpÂ CÂav) cmaXpw h¶p. tijw AÃmlp

]dªp: “A§s\ At±lw ]qÀ® hfÀ¨ F¯nbt¸mÄ

At±l¯n\v \mw bpànt_m[hpw Adnhpw \ÂIn”. ChnsS Úm\ amÀKw aq¶maXpw ]dªp.

tijw ]dªp. “\n§Ä¡v \ÂIs¸SmdpÅ `£Ww \n§Ä¡v hs¶¯p¶Xnsâ ap¼mbn AXnsâ hymJym\w Rm³ \n§Ä¡v hnhcn¨p XmcmXncn¡nÃ. Fsâ c£nXmhv

F\n¡v ]Tn¸n¨p X¶XnÂ s]«Xs{X AXv”. ChnsS Úm\amÀKw \emw XhWbpw BhÀ¯n¨p.

AXpsImmhmw bqkp v kqd¯nÂ “\nsâ c£nXmhv

kÀÆÚ\pw bpànam\pamIp¶p”sh¶ hN\¯nÂ bpàntb¡mÄ Adnhns\ ap´n¨Xv. bqkp^v \_nbpsS

147

‘XwIo³’ssZhoI Úm\¯nÂ DmbXmWv. F¶mÂ aäp cp hN\§fnÂ C{_mlow \_nbpsS Imcy¯nÂ Xmsg

]dbp¶ hN\§Ä AXn\v hncp²amWv. “At±l¯n\v Úm\nbmb Hcm¬ Ip«nsb¸än AhÀ kt´mj hmÀ¯

Adnbn¡pIbpw sNbvXp”, “AhÀ (ZqX·mÀ) ]dªp: A{]Imcw \nsâ c£nXmhv ]dªp: XoÀ¨bmbpw Ah³

Xs¶bmIp¶p bpànam\pw Úm\nbpw Bbn«pÅh³”. ChnsS bpànsb Adnhnt\¡mÄ ap´n¨p ImcWw hmÀ²IymhØbnepw Ipªp ]nd¡pI F¶Xv ssZh¯nsâ bpànbnÂs]«XmWv.

]n¶oSv CuPn]nXpImÀ bqkp^v \_nbpsS Cu AXym]qÀÆ Ignhpw tijnbpw a\Ênem¡n Cu Adnhv ]Tn¸n¨vXcm\pw cmPy¯nsâ km¼¯nI {]XnkÔn XcWw sN¿m\pÅ {]hÀ¯\§Ä Adnbn¨p Xcm\pw Bhiys¸«p.

Ggv XSn¨ ]ip¡sf Ggv saenª ]ip¡Ä `£n¡p¶Xmbpw, Ggv ]¨¡XncpIfpw aäpÅh

DW§nbXmbpw cmPmhv kz]v\w Ip. F¶n«v ]dªp “G.. P\§sf \n§Ä kz]v\ hymJym\w \ÂIp¶hsc¦nÂ Fsâ

Cu kz]v\¯nsâ Imcy¯nÂ F\n¡v hn[n ]dªp Xcq” hcm\ncn¡p¶ Cu kw`h¯nsâ hniZoIcWw \ap¡v BhiyamWv. Ahsc Bizkn¸n¡m³ Bcpw

AhcnenÃmbncp¶p. “AhÀ ]dªp; ]eXcw t]¡n\mhpIÄ!

R§Ä A¯cw t]¡n\mhpIsf ]än AdnhpÅhcÃ”. A§s\ AhÀ AÃmlp bqkp v \_n¡v \ÂInb Cu

148

Úm\s¯ JpÀB³ ØncoIcn¡p¶Xv \nckn¡pIbpmbn.

JpÀB³ ]dbpw {]Imcw B kabw

kmaqlnImSn¯dbpsS \ãw {]ISambn. “B cv t]cnÂ PbnÂ kplr¯pIfnÂ \n¶v c£s¸«h³ Hcp \o Imebfhn\p tijw bqkp^nsâ Imcyw HmÀ½n¨p sImv ]dªp; AXnsâ hymJym\s¯]än Rm³ \n§Ä¡v Adnbn¨pXcmw \n§Ä Fs¶ AXn\mbn \ntbmKnt¨mfq, G.. bqkp v kXykÔ\mb bqkp v XSn¨p sImgp¯ Ggv ]ip¡sf Ggv saenª ]ip¡Ä Xn¶p¶ Imcy¯nepw Ggv IXncpIfpsS Imcy¯nepw Xm¦Ä R§Ä¡v hn[n ]dªp XcWw. P\§Ä Adnbphm\mbn B hnhchpambn F\n¡v

AhcpsS ASpt¯¡v aS§matÃm”. Cu kµÀ`¯nÂ Adnhv F¶ ]Zw F{X XhW D]tbmKn¨p F¶v t\m¡pI? A§s\ bqkp^v \_n (A) Cu km¼¯nI {]XnkÔn¡v hyXykvX hnhcw {]ISn¸n¡m\pw sa¨s¸« ]cnlmcw \nÀtZin¡m\pw

Bcw`n¨p. “At±lw ]dªp: \n§Ä XpSÀ¨bmbn Ggv sImÃw Irjn sN¿p¶XmWv. F¶n«v \n§Ä sImbvsXSp¯XnÂ `£n¡phm³ AÂ]w Hgn¨v _m¡n

IXncnÂ hnt«¡pI”. A§s\ hnimeamb ImÀjnI ]²Xnbpw kq£n v ]²Xnbpw Nnehgnt¡ tXmXpw AdnbÂ Bhiyambn.

“]n¶oSXn\p tijw {]bmkIcambn Ggv hÀjw hcpw. B hÀj§Ä ap³Iq«n kq£n¨Xv Xn¶p¶XmWv, \n§Ä

Im¯psh¡p¶XnÂ \n¶v AÂ]w HgnsI”. A§s\ bqkp^v

149

\_n, Ime§Ä¡v tijw Ahtijn¡pIbpw {]XnkÔn XcWw sN¿mhp¶Xpamb hn[¯nÂ tKmX¼v kwc£n¡mhp¶ amÀKw Adnbn¨p sImSp¯p.

Irjn sN¿m\pÅ D]tZiw AhÀ¡v henb NÀ¨IÄ¡v hgnsbmcp¡n. ]qÀ®mÀ°¯nÂ JpÀB³ B kw`hw hniZoIcn¡pItbm AhcpsS Irjn C\§fpw hnfshSp v coXnbpsam¶pw ]dbpIbpw sNbvXnÃ. CuPn]vXpImÀ Cu t\Xmhnsâ Adnhpw \nÀt±ihpw tI«v A¼c¶p. {]hmNI {]t_m[\¯nsâ {]Imi¯nepÅ amÀK\nÀtZiw Ahsc AÛpXs¸Sp¯n.

“]ns¶ Ggv hÀjw XpSÀ¨bmbn Irjn sN¿pI” F¶XnÂ AhcnÂ shdp v {]ISambn. IqSmsX “\n§Ä

sImbvsXSp¯Xv” F¶Xv asämcp {]hÀ¯\hpw, “tijw

\n§Ä sImbvsXSp¯Xv IXncnÂ kq£n¡pI” CXv \n§Ä¡v `£n¡m³ AÂ]w Hgn¨v _m¡n kq£n¡m\pÅ asämcp Úm\hpamWv.

“tijw {]bmkIcamb 7 hÀjw, BhÀj§Ä At¶¡mbn kq£n¨p sh¨sXÃmw Xn¶p XoÀ¡p¶XmWv

\n§Ä Im¯p sh¡p¶XnÂ \n¶v AÂ]w HgnsI”. Ggv hÀjw Nnehgnt¡ coXnbpw kq£nt¡ coXnbpw imapImÀ¡pw kao] hmknIÄ¡pw e`yamIpw hn[w Hcp henb hnlnXw Ahtijn¡pw {]Imcw {Ibhn{Ibw sN¿m\pw \nÀt±in¨p.

150

BÀ¡padnbm¯ hyàamb Adnhmbncp¶p CXv. XnI¨pw A]qÀÆamsW¶v IcpXn P\§Ä bqkp^v \_nsb B{ibn¨p. {]ikvXn hym]n¡pIbpw sNbvXp.

XXvhnjbIambn hnhcapÅ Hcmfpw AhcnenÃ. “cmPmhv

]dªp \n§Ä bqkp^ns\ Fsâ ASp¡Â sImp hcnI”. At¸mÄ bqkp v \_n \nckn¨p. “\n§Ä t]mbn«v B

kv{XoIfpsS \ne]mSv At\zjn¡pI”.

cmPmhv \nÀ_Ôn¸n¨p, cmPmhv ]dªp: \n§Ä bqkp^ns\ Fsâ ASp¯v sImp hcnI Rm³ Ahs\ Fsâ {]XyI¡mc\mbn kzoIcn¡p¶XmWv. bqkp^v \_n Hcn¡epw t\XrXzw Bhiys¸«n«nÃ. At±ls¯ AÃmlp Ahtcm[n¨Xv At±l¯nsâ AÀlX sImv Xs¶bmWv.

cmPmhv bqkp v \_ntbmSv kwkmcn¨t¸mÄ At±l¯nsâ AKm[Úm\w cmPmhns\ AÛpXs¸Sp¯pIbpmbn. bqkp^v \_n(A) `mhnsb¡pdn¨v Adnbn¡p¶hcmbncp¶nÃ. ]s£ ZoÀLZrãn sImpw X{´]camb \nco£Ww sImpw Ahsb¡pdn¨v Adnbpambncp¶p. \qtdmfw \qämnte¡pw AXnse kw`h hnImk§fnte¡pw F¯nt\m¡m³ At±l¯n\v km[n¨ncp¶p.

At¸mÄ \o tNmZnt¨¡mw. \mw \nesImÅp¶Xv Hcp BßmÀ°þ\njvIf¦ {]hmNIXz Ignhnsâ ap¼nemtWm? AtXm ]T\ a\\ \nco£W§Ä sImv t\SnsbSp¯ kn²n¡v ap¼nemtWm? AXn\pÅ adp]Sn \mw kwkmcn¡p¶Xv alm\mb bqkp v \_nsb Ipdn¨mWv \mev

151

XeapdIÄ¡¸pdw {]hmNIXz¯nsâ shÅnshfn¨w \ndªp\n¶ Hcp Xdhm«nÂ hfÀ¶hcmWhÀ. alm\mb C{_mlow \_n(A)sâ aI\mb CkvlmJv \_n(A)sâ aI\mb bAvIq_v \_nbpsS aI\mb t{iã {]hmNIcmWhÀ.{]hmNIÀ \_n Xncpta\n Ahsc Ipdn¨p ]dªXv am\ysâ aI\mb am\ysâ aI\mb am\ysâ aI\mb am\ysâ aI\mWv F¶mWv.

hnÚm\w sImpw t\XrXzw sImpw {]kn²nbmÀPn¨ Hcp IpSpw_m´co£¯nemWv bqkp^v \_n(A) P\n¨p hfÀ¶Xv. sNdp¸¯nÂ Xs¶ A\p`hØ\mhm\pw IgnhpIÄ \pWbm\pw CXv Ahkcw \ÂIn. C\n {]hmNIXz¯nsâ aSn¯«nÂ hfcm³ IgnªnsÃ¦nÂ At±lw Hcp t\Xmhpw alm\pw Bbn¯oIpambcp¶p.

B ImeL«¯nsâ ]Xnh\pkcn¨v cmPmhmIm\pw t\XmhmIm\pw DÅ tbmKyX At±l¯n\pv. ^nÀHu\nsâ IpSpw_¯nÂ XeapdIfmbn cmPyw `cn¡p¶hsc \n\¡v ImWmw. Ncn{X¯nÂ {]kn²\mb `cWm[nImcn XqXv A\Jv Baq³ `cWm[n]\mbn acWaSbpt¼mÄ shdpw Ccp]Xv hbÊv am{XamWpmbncp¶Xv. At±lw `cW¯ntednbXv P\\hpw hÀ¨bpw t\XrXz¯sâbpw, A[nImc¯nsâbpw tkm]m\§fntednbXp sImmWv.

sNdp¸¯nÂ Xs¶ Cu KpW§sfms¡ kwLSn¨Xpw imapw AXnse P\§fpw H¶S¦w \nbahpw hn[nbpw At\zjn¡p¶ {]hmNI ]c¼cbnse hnÚm\§Ä \ndªp \nÂ¡p¶Xpamb Hcmsf Ipdn¨v F´mWv \n\¡v

152

]dbm\pÅXv? ]ns¶ AÃmlp AhÀ¡v {]hmNIXz¯nsâ Znhy{]Imiw \ÂIn BZcn¨v AXnsâ amäv Iq«pIbmWpmbXv. AXv sImp Xs¶ hnÚm\ \qämpIfpsS ]cmPbhpw Xsâ ]nXm¡·mcpsS ]mc¼cy t\XrXz]mShpw AÃmlphnsâ {]hÀ¯nIfpsS Xncn¨dnhpw At±l¯nÂ hfÀ¶p hcnIbpmbn.

CuPn]vXv H¶S¦w A`bw {]m]n¨ hnÚm\hpw, hnthIhpw Xncn¨dnhpw A\p`h k¼¯pw \ndªp \n¶ Hcp bqkp^nb³ amXrIbmWnXv. {]kn²amb ASnØm\ \nbas¯bmWv AXv \s½ HmÀ½n¸n¡p¶Xv. ({]tXyIamb sXfnhnÃm¯ Ahkc¯nÂ {]hmI·mcpsS {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡pÅ ASnØm\w s]mXphmbXmWv). {]tXyIamb sXfnhpIfpÅ {]hmNIXz¯nsâ Nne Imcy§fpw, cmPm¡·mcnte¡pÅ I¯nS]mSpIfptSbpw aäp DtZymK§fptSbpw {]hmNI {]hÀ¯\§fpsS tijn¸pw ChnsSbpv. CXv ]dªXv Hcp A[ym]\hpw ssienbpamhm³ thnbmWv. ]s£ \mw Ah sN¿p¶Xv \½psS ]cnNbhpw, {]hÀ¯\hpw, Xo{h]cnioe\hpw sImmWv. {]hmNI·mÀ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv Znhyt_m[\w sImpamWv.

AXv sImv {]kwKw, hn[n \ÂIÂ, `cWw, [\ k¼mZ\w, kz¯v ssIImcyw, \nÀ½mW, Is¯gp¯v t]msebpÅ {]hÀ¯\§Ä FÃmw \_n Ncn{X¯nse \bX{´§fmbn cq¸s]Sp¶p. AXnsâ ASnØm\w ]n´pScs¸Sp¶ Hcp amXrIbm¡pI F¶XmWv. AXns\ \mw Hcpan¨p Iq«n t{ImUoIcn¨p F¶p am{Xw. CXmWv

153

AÃmlphnsâ FÃm {]hmNI·mcnepapÅ \nbaw. AXv t]mse Xs¶bmWv bqkp v \_n(A).

bqkp v \_nbpsS kv]ãamb A\p`h k¼¯v AsÃ¦nÂ ss\]pWyw Irjnbpw AXnse \S]Sn{Ia§fpw \nÀt±i§fpamWv. CXmWv Xsâ cmPyw ISp¯ £ma¯nte¡v t]mbt¸mÄ AXns\ andIS¡m³ klmbn¨Xv. Cu Hcp Ignhnsâ DÛhw GXmWv? AXv {]hmNIXzhpw A\p`hk¼¯pw Hcpan¨pIqSnbXpw \aps¡mcp amXrIbmbn sh¨XpamWv.

AXv sImv {]hmNI·mcpsS FÃm {]hÀ¯\¯nepapÅ ASnØm\w s]mXphmbXmWv. CXv ]cnioen¡¸Sm\pÅXpamWv. AXv t]mse A]qÀÆamb {]hÀ¯\§Ä AhcpsS {]tXyIXbpamWv. AXv sImmWv AÃmlp bqkp v \_nbpsS PohnX¯nÂ \n¶v Nne an¶em«§fpw Nne kw`h§fpw am{Xw _m¡n sh¨p X¶Xv. bqkp v \_n 76 hÀjw Pohn¨n«pv. ]s£ Ipd¨p am{Xta AÃmlp ImWn¨p X¶n«pÅq. aäpÅh am\hcminbnÂ \n¶v ad¨p ]nSn¡pIbmWv sNbvXXv. CXnepÅ \nKqVXIÄ \ap¡v Xs¶ ]T\ coXnbmbn amdpIbpw sNbvXp. bqkp^v \_n¡v \p_pÆ¯v sImpw A\p`hk¼¯v sImpw e`n¨Xv \ap¡pw e`n¡m³ \mw At\zjn¡pIbmWv. \½psS Nn´ sImpw, ]T\þa\\ Nn´ sImpw \ap¡v AXnte¡v F¯ns¸Sm³ km[n¡pw. \_n X§Ä ]dªXv t]mse. \n§Ä Fsâ Bcm[\m IÀ½§sf GsäSp¡q. AYhm Rm³ lÖnÂ [mcmfw Bcm[\IÄ sN¿p¶p Ch \n§Ä \nco£n¡m\pw ]IÀ¯m\pw ]cnioen¡m\pw thnbmWv.

154

AXv t]mse bqkp v \_nbpw ]dbp¶p. F¶nÂ \n¶v FÃm A\p`h§fpw kzoIcn¡pI. AXmWv Fs¶ Hcp kzoImcy\mb hyànbm¡nbXv. AXv sImv \n§fpsS Ime¯n\pw kaql¯n\pw hnÚm\ am\ZÞ§Ä¡pw kmlNcy§Ä¡pw A\pkcn¨v AXv \S¸nem¡m³ {ian¡pw. At¸mgmWv bqkp v \_nbpsS Imes¯ D¯chmZnXz§fpw _m[yXIfpw At±lw \ndthänbXp t]mse \ap¡pw \½psS _m[yXIÄ \ndthäm³ km[n¡qI. CXphgnbmWv

\n§Ä¡nSbnÂ ‘XwIo³’ F¶ t]cnsâ kzm[o\w DbÀ¶p hcp¶Xv.

HcmÄ bqkp v \_nbpsS ASp¡te¡v cmPmhnsâ kz]v\ hymJym\w At\zjn¨v sN¶p. At±lw AhÀ¡v AXnsâ hymJym\hpw {]XnkÔnIfpw ]cnlmchpw ]dªp sImSp¯p. CXv \S¸nem¡m³ bqkp^v \_n am{Xw apt¶m«v hcnIbÃ sNbvXXv. adn¨v kaql¯nsâ IqsS {]hÀ¯n¨t¸mÄ hnPbw hcn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. bqkp^v \_nbpsS Ahtcm[w shdpw hnÚm\¯nÂ am{Xw Npcp§nbXÃ. ss]XrIamb CuPn]vXv \mKcnIXbpambn _Ôs¸« kIe hnÚm\ taJebnepw \op InS¶ncp¶p. AXn\pÅ sXfnhv At±l¯nsâ \nba ]cnNbamWv.

AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “AhÀ¡pÅ km[\§Ä Hcp¡ns¡mSp¯t¸mÄ bqkp v \_n ]m\]m{Xw Xsâ ktlmZcsâ `mÞ¯nÂ sh¨p. ]ns¶ HcmÄ hnfn¨p ]dªp, Hm.. kwLta \n§Ä tamjvSm¡Ä Xs¶bmWv. AhcpsS t\sc Xncnªv sImv bm{Xm kwLw tNmZn¨p, F´mWv \n§Ä¡v \jvSs¸«n«pÅXv. AhÀ ]dªp:

155

cmPmhnsâ ]m\]m{Xw \jvSs¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXv XncnsI \ÂIp¶h\v Hcp H«I¯n\v hln¡mhp¶ [m\yw

\ÂIp¶XmWv. Rm³ AXv Gäncn¡p¶p”. At¸mÄ

bqkp^(A)sâ ktlmZc§Ä adp]Sn ]dªp: “AÃmlphmW, R§Ä \m«nÂ Ipg¸apm¡m³ h¶XsÃ¶v \n§Ä¡dnbmatÃm? R§Ä

tamãm¡sfm¶pambncp¶nÃ. At¸mÄ AhÀ tNmZn¨p: \n§Ä IÅw ]dbpIbmsW¦nÂ AXn\v F´v in£bmWv

\ÂtIXv”.Cu sXän²mcW kmlNcys¯fnhpIfmtem, icnbmb coXnbntem \n§fnÂ BcpsS tase¦nepw h¶v A\p`hn¨mÂ \n§Ä cv hnlnXw \ÂIWw . Cu hn[nsb \n§Ä Xr]vXns¸Sp¶pthm , AhÀ ]qÀ® Ddt¸msS adp]Sn \ÂIn. R§fpsS BcpsSsb¦nepw ]£¯v \n¶v Ah Iv

In«pIbmsW¦nÂ Ahs\ _Ônbm¡mw. AhÀ ]dªp: “AXn\pÅ in£ C{]Imcas{X, GsXmcphsâ bm{Xm `mÞ¯nemtWm AXv ImWs¸Sp¶Xv Ahs\ ]nSn¨v sh¡pIbmWv AXn\pÅ in£. A{]ImcamWv R§Ä

A{IanIÄ¡v in£ \ÂIp¶Xv.”

F¶n«pw At±lw Xsâ ktlmZcsâ `mÞt¯¡mÄ ap¼mbn AhcpsS `mÞ§Ä ]cntim[n¡m³ XpS§n. ]n¶oSv Xsâ ktlmZcsâ `mÞ¯nÂ \n¶v AXv

]pds¯Sp¯p. AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “A{]Imcw \mw bpkp^n\p thn X{´w D]tbmKn¨p. ankvdnse hoSpIfnse km¼¯nI `cW \nÀÆlWw GsäSp¡m³ Xsâ ktlmZcsâ ]cnNbw bpkp v(A)\v AXymhiyambn¯o¶p.

156

A§s\ `cWw GsäSp¯t¸mÄ hyhØm]nXamb coXbnÂ Imcy§Ä \nÀÆln¨p.

F¶mÂ Imcy§Ä hfsc s]s«¶mbncp¶p. AXns\Ãmw IgnhpÅh³ Xsâ ktlmZc\msW¶v bqkp v(A)\v Adnbmambncp¶p. A§s\ B bm{XmkwLs¯bpw {]Xo£n¨v AhÀ hcp¶Xv hsc Im¯ncp¶p. XpSÀ¶v ankvdnÂ ]XnhnÃm¯ \nbaw \S¸nÂ hcp¯m³ Xocpam\n¨p.

AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “AÃmlp Dt±in¡p¶psh¦neÃmsX cmPmhnsâ \nbaa\pkcn¨v At±l¯n\v Xsâ ktlmZcs\ ]nSn¨v sh¡m³

]äpambncp¶nÃ”. ImcWw Cu \nbaw aps¼mcn¡epw ankvdnIfpsS \nba§fntem ASnØm\ A\pãm\§fntem Dmbncp¶nÃ. \mSnsâ kpc£m kwhn[m\s¯ apt¶m«v \bn¡m³ Xsâ ktlmZc\mWv IqSpXÂ DNnXw F¶v a\Ênem¡nb bqkp v \_n¡v IqSpXÂ Nn´nt¡n h¶nÃ.ImcWw AhnSps¯ km¼¯nI D]tZãmhv At±lamWv.

F§s\bmWvv Xsâ ktlmZcs\ ChnsS ]nSn¨p\nÀ¯pI F¶ Nn´bnÂ \nÂ¡cpt¼mgmWv AhcpsS D¸bmb CkvlmJv(A)Dw heyp¸bmb C{_mlow(A)sâbpw A\pãm\§sf ASnØm\am¡n Xm\pt±in¨ coXnbnÂ hn[n ]pds¸Sphn¡m³ Dt±in¨p. At±lw Dt±in¨t]mse¯s¶ Imcy§Ä \o§ns¡mncp¶p. AÃmlp Dt±in¡p¶psh¦neÃmsX cmPmhnsâ \nbaa\pkcn¨v

157

At±l¯n\v Xsâ ktlmZcs\ ]nSn¨v sh¡m³ ]äpambncp¶nÃ.

At±l¯nepmbncp¶ hnÚm\¯nsâ Hgp¡mbncp¶p CXns\Ãmw B[mcw. cmPy¯nsâ \S¯n¸nepw A\pãm\ \nba§nepw hnfshSp¸nepIfnepw \nÀt±ihpw dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw \ÂIns¡mncp¶p. P\§Ä At±ls¯ cmPmhmIm\pw Imcy\nÀt±iI\mIm\pw ]e{]mhiy§fnÂ Bhiys¸s«¦nepw At±lw AXns\sbÃmw Xnckv¡cn¡pIbmbncp¶p.

Npcp¡¯nÂ, bqkp v(A)Hcn¡epw `cWw B{Kln¨n«nÃ. AXn\p thn Hcp hmXnepw ap«nbn«panÃ.

“Xm¦Ä Fs¶ `qanbnse JP\mhnsâ A[nImctaÂ¸n¡q” F¶Xnsâ ASnØm\¯nÂ P\§Ä ]e XhW bqkp^v \_ns¡XncnÂ ap¶n«nd§nsb¦nepw AsXÃmw hIªv amäns¡mv bqkp v \_n(A) apt¶m«v \o§n. tijw bqkp v \_n(A)sâ ASpt¯¡v cmPmhv ZqXs\ Abs¨¦nepw bqkp v \_n hnk½Zn¡pIbmbncp¶p. hopw Ab¨t¸mÄ F\n¡v JP\mhnsâ {Ibhn{Ibw am{Xw aXn F¶v bqkp v \_n(A) ]dªp. Hcp {]hmNI\mbXvsImv Zo\Ãm¯ Imcy§Ä \nckn¡pIbpw cmjv{S¯nsâ km¼¯nI Imcyw \nÀ_Ôw sImv kzoIcn¡pIbpambncp¶p.

Cu hniZoIcW¯n\v tijw “Xm¦Ä Fs¶ `qanbnse

JP\mhnsâ A[nImctaÂ¸n¡q” F¶ Bb¯n\v bqkp^v

158

\_n A[nImcw Bhiys¸«p F¶v ]dbp¶Xv A]acymZbmWv.

‘XwIo³’\n\v ZpÂJÀss\\nbpsS Hcp

DZmlcWapnhnsS. AÃmlp ]dªp: “AhÀ \nt¶mSv ZpÂJÀss\nsb¡pdn¨v tNmZn¡p¶p, \o ]dbpI, At±ls¯¸änbpÅ hnhcw \mw \n§Ä¡v HmXnt¡Ä¸n¨v Xcmw. XoÀ¨bmbpw \mw At±l¯n\v `qanbnÂ kzm[o\w

\ÂIpw” Cu JpÀB\nI hmIyw ‘XwIo³’\n\v

ASnØm\amtWm? AÃmlp ]dªp: “FÃm Imcy¯n\pÅ amÀ¤§Ä \mw At±l¯n\v

kuIcysamcp¡ns¡mSp¡pIbpw sN¿pw”. At±lw Hcn¡epw DSaØmhImiw tNmZn¨n«nÃ. F¶mÂ AÃmlp DdhnS§fmepw DÂ¸¯nIfmepw XpS§n FÃm coXnbnepw klmblkvXw sNmcnªv sImSp¯p. A§s\ At±lw Ing¡v ]Snªmdv ssk\nIkÖoIcW§tfmSv IqSn k©cn¨p. Cu bm{X F¶Xv AÀYam¡p¶Xv BImi `qansbm¶S¦w k©cn¨p F¶mWv. {]tXyIn¨pw JpÀB³

]ÞnX·mÀ At\zjn¡p¶ “cv AWs¡«pIÄ¡nSbnse

B Øe”t¯¡v bm{Xbpw \S¯n.

Ignª Ime¯v kw`hn¨ am\pjnI{]{InbIfmWv JpÀB³ Ncn{Xambn \t½mSv kwkmcn¡p¶XXv. kwibt`Zas\y temI¯v C¶pw JpÀB³ kwhZn¨vsImncn¡p¶nsÃ? FhnsSbmWv Cu AWs¡«nsâ DdhnSw F¶v Is¯m³ thn lmdq³ djoZv kemap¯ÀPpam³ F¶bmfpsS klmb¯mÂ,

159

ZpÂJÀss\\n `qanbpsS hS¡v `mK¯v \nÀ½n¨ AWs¡«nsâ tijn v Is¯m³ ]e bm{XIfpw \S¯pIbpmbn.

]cnip² {KÙ§fnse Øe§sf At\zjn¡p¶ hnÚm\s¯bmWv ]mÝmXyÀ BÀ¡ntbmfPn F¶v hnfn¨Xv. hnip² {KÙ J\\ hnÚm\w F¶pw CXv Adnbs¸Sp¶p. hniZambn ]dªmÂ Xudm¯nÂ HcpØetam, hÃ tijn¸ns\¡pdnt¨m kqNn¸n¨mÂ AhnSw sN¶v At\zjn¡m³ th \S]SnIÄ ]qÀ¯oIcn¡pIbpw J\\w \S¯pIbpw sN¿pw.hÃ sXfnhpw e`n¨mÂ Ah Ahew_am¡pIbpw sN¿pw. \qlv \_n(A)sâ

I¸ens\¡pdn¨v JpÀB³ kqNn¸n¨n«pv, “Zrãm´amIpw

hn[w \mw AXns\ _m¡nbm¡n”. AYhm ]n³Xeapd¡mÀ I¯mhp¶ Xc¯nÂ AXns\ \mw _m¡nbm¡pw

F¶À°w. AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “cm]IepIfnÂ \n§Ä

AhÀ¡nSbnÂ k©cn¡p¶XmWv”. eqYv \_nbpsS kaql¯nsâ {Kmas¯bmWv ChnsS hntijn¸n¡p¶Xv. \n§Ä AXnsâ tijn¸n\v aosX {]`mX¯nepw {]tZmi¯nepw k©cn¡p¶hcmWv.

ZpÂJÀss\\nsb Ipdn¨pw AhcpsS Ahtcm[s¯¡pdn¨pw CkvemanI ]ÞnX·mÀ tNmZn¡p¶p. ChnsS Ncn{X {]kn²amb Hcp bm{Xbpv. kemw XÀPpamsâ IÂ¸\{]Imcw ^uJmkv F¶ {]tZit¯¡v hnizØ\mb Hcp {]Xn\n[nbpsS bm{X, ssk_ocnbbpsS `mK¯mbn sXt¡ GjybpsS At§bä¯v ØnXnsN¿p¶ XWp¯ {]tZiamWnXv. ZpÂJÀss\\nbpsS AWs¡«ns\

160

Ipdn¨v tcJs¸Sp¯Â A\nhmcyamb `q Øe§Ä ImWm³ thn \S¯nb Cu bm{Xsb ico^pÂ CZvcoko Xsâ \pkvl¯pÂ apivXmJv ô CJvXndmJnÂ B^mJv F¶ {KÙ¯nepw At±l¯n\v ap¼v C_v\p ^fvepÃmln AÂ Awcn Xsâ AÂ akmenIv hÂ aamenIv F¶ {KÙ¯nepw tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«pv.

`qanimkv{X¯nÂ A{KKWy\mb Nne HmdnbânenkvddpIÄ Cu Ncn{Xw ]Tn¡pIbpw Cu Øe§sf Ipdn¨v hÀ®n¡pIbpw sNbXvt¸mÄ Cu bm{X kXyamsW¶v t_m[ys¸«n«pv. djy³ HmdnbâenÌmb {Imävkv t^m¯vkvIn CXv {]m[m\yw AÀln¡p¶Xmbn ]dªn«pv. ap³ kwkvImcnI a{ńbmb AÐpÂ Iemw BkmZv JpÀB\nI Ncn{X ]T\¯nÂ XÂ]c\mbncp¶p. AtXmS¸w JpÀB\nÂ ]cmaÀin¨ NmhpISÂ, tPmÀ±m³, êkvXo³ F¶nh ]T\hnt[bam¡nbn«pv.

Cu hnjb¯nÂ AhKmlapÅ ]Þn·mcnÂs]«bmfmWv AÃma AÐpÂ Iemw. ZpÂJÀss\\nbpsS AWs¡«nsâ Øm\s¯¡pdn¨v At±lw ]T\w \S¯n. Fgp]XpIfnÂ CuPn]vXv HuJm^v a{ńbmbncp¶ tUm. AÐpÂ ap³CansâXS¡apÅ \nch[n {]_Ô§Ä XZvhnjb¯nÂ h¶n«pv. At±l¯nsâ A_vZpÂ Iemw BkmZns\ Ipdn¨pÅ ]cn]qÀ® {KÙ¯nÂ ZpÂJÀss\\nsb Ipdn¨pw AWs¡«ns\¡pdn¨pw {]Xn]m[n¨n«pv.

F¶mÂ taÂ]dª KthjIcnÂ \n¶pw hyXykvX A`n{]mb¡mc\mWv kuZn iqdm AwKamb lwZn lwk

161

A_q sskZv. ^¡p Akvdmdn ZnÂ JÀss\³ bAvPqPv aAvPqPv, F¶ At±l¯nsâ {KÙ¯nÂ ssN\okv {]amW§fnte¡v Cd§ns¨¶pÅ ]T\amWv apt¶m«v sh¡p¶Xv. ZpÂJÀss\³ ^tdmh aX¯nÂs]« AJvXm\q³ F¶ BfmsW¶v At±lw hmZn¡p¶p. F¶mÂ Cu {KÙ¯n\v \nch[n Bt£]§fpv. Cu hmZw IrXyaÃ F¶pw AJvXm\qsâ Ing¡v ]Snªmdv bm{Xsb¡pdn¨v Ncn{X¯ntem {]amW§fntem {]Xn]mZn¨n«nsÃ¶pw Nne ]ÞnXÀ ]dªncns¡ Cu {KÙw XZvhnjb¯nse Hcp ]pXnb ImÂsh¸mWv

Cu hnjb¯nÂ F\n¡ptXm¶nbXv JpÀB³ ]dbpw

{]Imcw “\mw At±l¯n\v `qanbnÂ Ahtcm[w \ÂIpIbpw

FÃm¯n\papÅ hgnIsf \ÂIpIbpw sNbvXp”, F¶ hN\amWamWv bmYmÀ°yw.

ZpÂJÀss\\nbpsS apgph³ {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡pÅ At§bäs¯ hntijWambn«mWv AÃmlphpw Cu Ahtcm[s¯ ]cnKWn¨Xv. GsX¦nepw Hcp {]hÀ¯\s¯bÃ. adn¨v Hcp a\pjysâ Ncn{X]chpw `cW]chpamb {]hÀ¯\§sfbpamWv Ahtcm[w F¶v

hnfn¡p¶Xv. AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “B hgnIÄ ]n´pSÀ¶v Nph¶ XSmI¯nÂ AkvXan¡p¶ kqcysâ \m«nÂ Cu kaqls¯ ImWm\nSbmbn. \mw ZpÂJÀss\\ntbmSv ]dªp: H¶pInÂ \mw Ahsc in£nt¨¡mw, AsÃ¦nÂ

AhcnÂ \· hfÀ¯ntb¡mw”. CXv ]mÝmXycpambn _Ôs¸« NÀ¨bmWv.

162

]n¶oSv AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “hopw At±lw k©cn¨v cv AWs¡«n\nSbnÂ Imcy§Ä a\ÊnemIm¯ Hcp

kaqls¯ F¯n¨p”. tijw ]uckvXy`mKt¯¡pÅ BÄ]mÀ¸nÃm¯ {]tZit¯¡pÅ bm{Xsb¡pdn¨v AÃmlp

]dbp¶p: “]ns¶ At±lw asämcp amÀKw ]n´pSÀ¶v cv ]ÀÆX \ncIÄ¡nSnbnse¯nbt¸mÄ Hcp P\Xsb At±lw ImWpIbpmbn ]dbp¶sXm¶pw an¡hmdpw AhÀ¡v

a\Ênem¡m³ km[n¡p¶nÃ”. AYhm AhÀ bmsXmcp

hnhchpanÃm¯ _p²niq\ycmWv. “AhÀ ]dªp, bAvPqPv, aAvPqPv BsI Ipg¸§Ä Dm¡p¶p. AhÀ¡pw R§Ä¡panSbnÂ Hcp XSÊw krjvSn¨v R§sf AhcnÂ \n¶pw c£n¡mtam? At±lw ]dªp: AÃmlp F\n¡v

AXnÂ \· \ÂInbncn¡p¶p”. AYhm Úm\¯nepw \nÀamWsshZKvZy¯nepw F\n¡p X¶n«pÅ Ignhv hfsc

t{iãamsW¶v CXÀ°am¡p¶p. “At±lw ]dªp. Fsâ c£nXmhv F\n¡p A[o\s¸Sp¯n¯¶n«pÅXv D¯aas{X. \n§fpsS iàn sImv \n§sfs¶ klmbn¡pho³ \n§Ä¡pw AhÀ¡panSbnÂ Rm³ _eh¯mb Hcp aXnepm¡n¯cmw. \n§sf\n¡v Ccp¼v I«nIÄ

sImph¶p Xcq”.

Ccp¼v tiJc§sf Ipdn¨v ehteiw AdnhnÃm¯ Hcp kaql¯nÂ \n¶pw henb Ccp¼n³ IjvW§Ä \mw F§s\ sImphcpw? J\n \nÀamW¯nÂ AhÀ¡pÅ AdnhmWv Cu Úm\w sImv Dt±in¡p¶Xv. {]tXyIamb coXnbnÂ sI«nSw krãn¡pIbpw cv aeIÄ¡nSbnse

163

Hgnª Øew \nd¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv PymanXob kw`cW

hnZybmWnXv. ]n¶oSv AÃmlp ]dbp¶p: “\n§Ä sImv

hcnI. AXv Dcp¡n AXnÂ Hgn¡mw”. iàn sImv \n§Ä klmbn¡pI F¶ hmIywsImv CXns\ Npcp¡n]dªncn¡p¶p. AYhm Cu Ignhv BÀPns¨Sp¡m\pÅ \n§fpsS at\mssØcyt¯msSbpÅ {]hÀ¯\ IgnhmWv Dt±iyw.

kqd¯pÂ Ilv^nsâ Ahkm\¯nÂ Cu bpànbmhmw ]dªXv. tijw adnbw A[ymb¯nsâ

XpS¡¯nepw ]dbp¶p. “Hm.. blvbm iàntbmsS \o

hn{ipX {KÙs¯ FSp¡pI”. AYhm Cu Adnhv t\SnsbSp¡m\pÅ iàn \o \ÂIpI.

Npcp¡¯nÂ, XwIo³(]Zhn\ÂIpI, Ahtcm[w) F¶Xv efnXambn \mw a\Ênem¡n. cm{ã¯nsâ kmwkvImcnI Øm]\§sf êZmbIhpw, {]bXv\ ]chpam¡pI, hnPb{]Zamb hnÚm\ NÀÏÄ e`yam¡pI, sXmgnÂ clnXsc CÃmXm¡p¶ thX\w hgn Zmcn{Zy¯nsâ Afhv Ipd¡pI, sXcphv Ip«nIfpw `h\ clnXcpw CÃmXm¡pI XpS§nb {]hÀ¯\§Ä hgn t{iãhpw hnIknXhpamb hnÚm\ NÀÏfnte¡v aS§m\pXIp¶ henb {]hÀ¯\§fpmIWw. a\pjys\ BZcn¡pIbpw henb `àtbmsS {]IrXntbbpw {]IrXn hn`h§tfbpw Im¯pkq£n¡pI F¶o aqeyh¯mb hyhØtbmSv klIcn¡pIbpw sN¿pI. Ahtcm[w F¶Xns\ Ipdn¨pÅ B\pImenI NÀÏÄ hgn sXfnhv ]nSn¡p¶ {ia§Ä icnbÃ F¶v JpÀB³ hN\§fnÂ \n¶pw hyàamhp¶p.

164

JpÀB\ns\ a\Ênem¡p¶ hgnIsf a\Ênem¡msX amÀK {`wiw kw`hn¡p¶hsc ]nSn¨p \nÀ¯pIbmWv ChnsS sN¿p¶Xv. Ahyàamb Imcy§sf D²cn¡p¶XnÂ AÂ] _p²n¡msc kw£n¡Â A\nhmcyamWv.

cmjv{S k¦Â]w

CÉm-anI Nn´m [mc-bn-epÅ hnIr-X-amb cmjv{S k¦Â]hpw Akvldpw CÉm-anI Nn´bpw apt¶m«p sh¡p¶ icn-bmb cmjv{S k¦Â]hpw X½n-epÅ Xmc-Xayw

1) Ckvem-anse cmjv{S k¦Â]w

Nne Ckvem-anI Nn´m [mc-Ifpw kwL-S-\-Ifpw Ignª F¬]Xv hÀj-§-fn-embn tcmKm-Xp-c-amb Nne Nn´-IÄ \nÀ½n¨v CkvemanI \nba kwlnX a\-Ên-em-¡m-\m-h-iy-amb kma-{Kn-I-fn-ÃmsX Xs¶ AhÀ k¦oÀ®-amb {]i-\-§-fnepw ka-ky-I-fnepw ]pXnb k¦Â]-§Ä¡v P·w \ÂIn. CÉm-anI Jnem- -¯nâ XIÀ¨, ^e-kvXo³ A[n-\n-thjw, PbnÂ¸p-Ån-I-fpsS am\-knI k½À±-§-Ä XpS-§n-b {]Xn-k-Ôn-I-fnÂ AhÀ At§-bäw h{I-amb hyXn-N-en¨ \nba \nÀ½m-W-§-fmWv \S- n-b-Xv.

165

cmjv{Ssa¶ hnjbw A¯cw Nn´m [mc-IfpsS hn]-co-Xhpw hnIr-X-hp-amb k¦Â -§-fp-m¡nb B]-XvI-chpw k¦oÀ®-hp-amb Nne {]iv\-§-fnÂ s]«-Xm-Wv. B kwL-§fpsS Nn´-bnÂ cmjv{Ssa-¶Xv [mcmfw ]mÝm-Xy³ XXz-§-fmÂ \nÀ½n-¡-s¸« Hcp k¦Â]-am-Wv. B Nn´m-KXn {]Imcw cmjv{S-sa¶ k¦Â]w Xmsg ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§-fmÂ cq]-s -«-Xm-Wv.

---- - cmjv{Sw aqey-an-Ãm¯ Hcp ]nSn a®m-Ip-¶p.

- cmjv{S kvt\lw Xn·-I-tfmSv tXm¶p-¶Xp t]mse-bpÅ am\p-jnI {]h-W-X-bm-Wv. AXns\ {]Xn-tcm-[n-¡epw AXnÂ \n¶v AI¶p \nÂ¡epw a\p-jy\p A\n-hm-cy-am-Wp.

- cmjv{S-sa¶ Nn´ kap-Zm-b-¯n\pw Jnem- - n\pw hn]-co-X-am-b-Xn-\mÂ AXp \ncm-I-cn-¡-s -tS--Xm-Wv.

- cmjv{S-§Ä tImf\n hXvI-cWw Dm-¡n-bmÂ tIhew `qan imkv{X ]c-amb AXn-cp-IÄ am{X-am-b-Xn-\mÂ R§Ä AXns\ kvt\ln-¡p-Itbm AXn-t\mSv kl-I-cn-¡p-Itbm CÃ.

- cmjv{S-§Ä \n§Ä CjvS-s¸-Sp-Ibpw ssZhw \nµn¡p-Ibpw sNbvX hoSp-IÄ am{X-am-Wv.

- a¡-tbm-SpÅ {]hm-N-Isâ kvt\ls¯ Ipdn¨v ]d-bp¶ lZokv a¡-bpsS {]Xy-I-X-bmWv.aäp cmjv{S-§sf AXn-t\mSv Xpe\w sN¿m³ ]mSn-Ã. Cu Imcy§fmWv FÃm Nn´-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-Øm\w.

alm-·m-cmb JpÀ-B³ lZokv IÀ½imkv{X `mjmimkv{X ]WvUn-X-·m-cpsS kwkm-c-§Ä \ap¡v ]cn-tim-[n¡mw

166

.Ckvem-anI \nba kwlnX cmjv{S-sa¶ Nn´sb GX-f-hnÂ ]cn-K-Wn- n-«p-s¶pw AXp F§-s\-bmWv a\pjy a\-ÊnÂ tZi kvt\lw Du«n-bp-d- n-¡p-Ibpw Ahs\ cmjv{Sw F¶ Nn´-bn-te¡pw AXns\ {]Xn-tcm-[n-¡p-¶-Xn-te¡pw hf-cm³ t{]cn- n- -sX¶pw AXn-eqsS \ap¡v a\-Ên-em¡mw .

k-¿nZv JpXp_v Xsâ ^o fnem-enÂ JpÀ-B³ F¶ JpÀ-B³ hymJym-\- nÂ ]d-bp¶p: apÉn-amb hyàn kwc-£n-t¡ ]XmI Ahsâ hnizm-k-am-Wv. Ah-³ [À½ kacw \S¯n kwc-£n-t¡ cmjv{Sw AÃm-lp-hnâ \nbaw \S- n-em-¡-s -Sp¶ tZi-am-Wv. Ah³ {]Xn-tcm-[n-t¡ `qanI CÉm-ans\ PohnX ssien-bmbn kzoI-cn¨ ZmdpÂ CÉm-am-Wv.(-C-Ém-anâ hoSv) cmjv{Ss¯ Ipdn- pÅ aäp k¦Â]-§-sfÃmw A\n-Ém-an-I-hpw AÚ-Xbpw CÉm-an\p ]cn-N-b-an-Ãm- -Xp-am-Wv.At±-lw hopw ]d-bp¶p. C¶v P\-§Ä kaqlw, cmjv{Sw, kap-Zmbw XpS-§nb t]cp-I-fpÅ ssZh-§sf {]Xn-jvTn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. _nw_m-cm-[-IÀ {]Xn-jvTn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ AÃm-lp-hnsâ krjvSn-bnÂ]¦v tNÀ¡p-¶ _nw_-§sf t]mse-bpÅhbmWv ]d-b-s¸« ssZh-§Ä .

At±lw hopw ]d-bp¶p. XoÀ¨-bmbpw AÚX _Ô-§sf ]e-t¸mgpw hyXy-kvX-amb ]e kwÚ-I-fm¡n amäp-¶p.-]-e-t¸mgpw cà-hpw IpSpw-_hpam¡p-t¼mÄ aäp Nne-t¸mÄ `qanbpw cmjv{S-hp-ambn amdp-¶p. AXp t]mse AXv And-hn-Ãm-bva-bm-Wv. _Ô-§sf Nne-t¸mÄ kaq-lhpw , `mjbpw, \ndhpw,Pm-Xnbpw aäpw aäp-ambn ImWp-¶Xv. Cu k¦Â]-§-sf-sbÃmw CÂansâ ASn-Øm\ k¦Â]-§-tfmSv XoÀ¯pw hncp-²-amb AÔ-X-bm-Wv.-

167

H¶ma-Xmbn: cmjv{Sw aqey-an-Ãm¯ Hcp ]nSn a®m-Ip-¶p.-k-¿nZv JpXp_v Xsâ JpÀ-B³ hymJym-\- nÂ ]d-bp¶p. CÉm-anI cmjv{S kwc-£-W- n\v thn-bpÅ [À½ kac¯nÂ \ymb-§Ä Ah-ti-jn-¸n¡p-¶-hÀ CÉm-anI coXnsb sXm«v I®-S-¡mdpw cmjv{S-t¯-¡m-Ä AXns\ hne Ipd- p-amWv ]cn-K-Wn-¡m-dv. F¶mÂ C¯cw ho£-W-§Ä CÉm-an-I-aÃ F¶p am{X-aÃ CÉm-ansâ taÂ ]pXn-b-Xmbn Btcm-]n-¡-s -«-h-bmWv. At¸mÄ CÉm-anI coXn hnizm-khpw `cW {Ia-hpw BhpI F¶Xp am{X-amWv CÉm-anÂ ]cn-K-W-\obw.tI-hew `qan F¶ hkvXp-hn\v aqeytam ]cn-K-W-\tbm CÃ.

A\p-_Ôw

bXmÀY-¯nÂ cmjv{Sw tIhew Hcp ]nSn a®v F¶ \ne¡v taÂ ]d-ªXv cmjv{Ss¯ Ipdn- pÅ kw£n]vX k¦Â]-am-Wv. cmjv{S-sa-¶mÂ kaqlw, \mK-cn-I-X, \nÀ½n-Xn-IÄ, N-cn{Xw, hnP-b-§Ä, tZiob A´À tZiob Øm\w,C-Ém-anI Atd-_y³ `qI-WvU- n-epÅ cmjv{Sobhpw Nn´m-]-c-amb kzm[o\w F¶n-h-sbÃmw IqSn-t¨À¶-Xm-Wv. AXn-ep-]-cn-bmbn CÉm-anI \nba hnÚm\w, Ie, kmlnXyw,ssk\yw, km-¼- nIw, tZiobw XpS-§nb taJ-e-I-fnÂ Ncn{Xw \nÀ½-¡p¶ {]K-Û-cmb hyàn-Xz-§fpw bXmÀY cmjv{S- nsâ `mK-am-Wv.-b-XmÀ° cmjv{S k¦Â]s¯ cq]o-I-cn-¡p¶ taÂ ]dª Hcp ]nSn a®nÂ HXp-¡epw A]qÀ®hpw hnIr-X-hp-amb Nn´-Isf \nc-kn-¡-ep-am-Wv.

c-m-a-Xmbn: Xn·-tbmSv tXm¶p-¶Xp t]mse-bpÅ \nµy-amb am\p-jnI {]h-W-X-bmWv tZi kvt\lw . AXns\ {]Xn-

168

tcm-[n-¡epw AXnÂ \n¶v apà-\m-hepw a\p-jy\v A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.

A\p-_Ôw

CXv \oN-amb at\m- m-h-§Ä IqSn¡eÀ¶ hnNn-{Xhpw hnI-e-hp-amb Nn´-bm-Wv.-A-Ãmlp \t½mSv A¯-cw Nn´-I-fnÂ \n¶v AIew ]men-¡m³ IÂ¸n- n-«p-v.am{X-aÃ a\p-jysâ Ipeo-\-hpw ss\kÀ¤n-I-hp-amb at\m- m-h-§Ä GXm-sW¶v AÃmlphpw CÉm-ansâ \nba kwln-Xbpw hyà-am-¡p-Ibpw Ahsâ a\-ÊnÂ Du«n-bp-d-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«pv.Im-cWw A¯cw ss\kÀ¤n-I-amb {]h-W-X-IÄ a\p-jys\ t\cmb amÀ¤- n-te¡v \bn-¡m-\p-X-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv. cmjv{S-t¯m-SpÅ _m[y-Xbpw {]Xn-_-²-Xbpw A¯cw Ipeo-\-amb {]h-W-X-I-fnÂ s]«-Xm-Wv.

{]kvXpX Nn´-bn-te¡v Clvbm Deq-an-±o³ {KÙ IÀ¯mhv lpPv¯pÂ Ckvfmw A_q lman-ZnÂ KÊmen (d) kqN\ \ÂIn-bn-«p-v. im^nCu IÀ½ imkv{X kc-Wn-bnÂ At±-lw cNn¨ AÂ hko-XznÂ ]d-bp¶p. a\p-jysâ kzm`m-hn-I-amb {]h-W-X-IÄ kzoIm-cy-am-bn-cn-¡Â A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. ImcWw Zp³bm-hnsâ \ne \nÂ¸n-\m-[mcw A¯cw {]h-W-X-Ifpw Zo\nsâ \ne \nÂ¸n-\m-[mcw Zp\nbm-hn-sâbpw AXnse hyh-Ø-I-fp-tSbpw \ne \nÂ¸m-Wv.

CXmWv AÃmlphnÂ \n¶pw idCÂ \n¶pw shfn¨w hoinb icnbmb Nn´. hnhn[ {]iv\§fnÂ a\pjysâ ss\kÀKnI {]hWXIÄ Øncs¸Sp¯p¶ Xocpam\§Ä idC\v tbmPn¨XmsW¶v CXnÂ \n¶pw \ap¡v a\Ênem¡mw. adn¨v idAv C¯cw hnjb§fnÂ ]pXnb Hcp

169

\nba \nÀ½mWw \S¯pIbnÃ. ImcWw ip²amb {]IrXw a\pjys\ \bn¡m³ DXIp¶XmWv. ss\kÀKnIamb {]IrXw a\pjy a\ÊnÂ Du«nbpd¸n¡p¶ Imcy§fnÂ

s]«XmWv tZikvt\lhpw,{]Xn_²Xbpw. ssZ\qcn “AÂ

aPmekv”F¶ Xsâ {KÙ¯nÂ AkvaCbnÂ \n¶v \nthZ\w sN¿p¶p. AkvaC ]dbp¶p Rm³ Hcp Im«d_n ]dbp¶Xv

tI«p. “\o Hcp hyànsb a\Ênem¡m³ Dt²in¡p¶psh¦nÂ Ah³ F{Xt¯mfw Ahsâ cmPys¯

kvt\ln¡p¶psh¶v t\m¡pI.”

alm\mb k¿nZv JpXz_v Ipeo\amb {]kvXpX ss\kÀKnI at\m`mhs¯ AwKoIcn¡p¶ coXn AÂ`pXamWv. At±lw ]dbp¶p: \nÝbambpw kztZis¯ ]ncnbpt¼mgpmIp¶ hncl ZpJamWv {]hmk¯ns\mcp§p¶ Hcp a\ÊnepmIp¶ BZys¯

hnImcw. Cu kab¯mWv AÃmlphnsâ “ Hm Fsâ Zmkm

Fsâ `qan hnimeamWv” F¶ hm¡v a\pjy lrZbs¯ Bg¯nÂ kv]Àin¡p¶Xv . B ]ÞnX³ D²cn¡s¸Sp¶pv F{X henb ImäSp¨mepw tX\o¨ AXnsâ hgnIÄ a\Ênem¡n IpSnente¡v Xncnt¨¯pw.

At±lw hopw ]d-bp¶p F¶mÂ AÃm-lp-hnsâ amÀ¤- n-epÅ {]hmkw IpSpw_w hoSv tZiw HmÀ½-I-Ä XpS-§nb apgp-h³ PohnX ck-§-fnÂ \n¶pw lrZ-bs¯ ASÀ¯n-sb-Sp¡pw .A-t¸mÄ aqkm \_nsb AÃmlp ]m] tamN-\- n-te¡v \bn-¡p-Ibpw XpSÀ¶p lrZ-b hnim-e-Xbpw ZpJ- nÂ \n¶pÅ c£bpw {]Zm\w \ÂIn A\p-{K-

170

ln¨p.AtX kabw AÃmlp Dt±-in¨ Imcy-§-fn-te¡v aqkm (A)s\ F¯n-¡m³ t]Snbpw `bhpw sImv AÃmlp At±-ls¯ ]co-£n-¡mXn-cp-¶n-Ã. A]-cn-Nn-X-Xzhpw tZi IpSpw_ ]cn-Xym-Khpw BSp ta¡epw \ÂIn aqkm \_nsb AÃmlp ]co-£n- p.

F´p iànbmWv aqkm \_nsb CuPn-]vXn-te¡v F¯n- Xv. XpSÀ¶p At±lw Ahn-Sp¶v t]Sn¨p HmSn t]mtIn h¶p.At±lw Hcp hyànsb h[n- -t¸mÄ At±-ls¯ {]Xo-£n- n-cn-¡p¶ A]-I-S- nÂ \n¶pw At±-ls¯ hnkva-cn- n¨ iàn GXm-Wv. XoÀ¨-bm-bpw B iàn aqkm \_n-bpsS FÃm Ne-\-§-sf-bp#w \nb-{´n-¡p¶ AÃm-lp-hnsâ AZriy Ic-§-fm-Wv. B ssII-fmWv At±-ls¯ kztZ-i-t¯¡pw IpSpw-_- n-te¡pw am{Xw sNÃm³ t{]cn- n- Xpw ]n¶oSv At±lw t]Sn-t¨m-tSn h¶ A]-I-Ss¯ a\-ÊnÂ \n¶pw FSp¯v If-ªXpw.

3 aq¶ma-Xmbn: cmjv{S-sa¶ Nn´ kap-Zm-b-¯n\pw Jnem- -¯n\pw hn]-co-X-am-b-Xn-\mÂ AXp \ncm-I-cn-¡-s -tS--Xm-Wv.

A\p-_Ôw

cmjv{St¯m-SpÅ _Ôw a\p-jysâ kzm`m-hnI {]hÀ¯-\- nÂ \n¶p cq]-s -«-Xm-b-Xn-\mÂ AXv AÃmlp P\-§-fnÂ krjvSn¨ {]Ir-X- nÂ \n¶p-mb (^n-Xvd-¯v){][m-\-s¸« H¶m-Wv. CÉm-ansâ ]cn-ip-²-am-¡-s¸« \nba kwlnX B ^nXvd- ns\ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw AXns\ hniz-kn¨v B{i-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w AXns\ sNmÆm-¡p-Ibpw GtIm-]n- n-¡p-Ibpw cmjv{S _Ôw Dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \nÀt±-i-§fpw ]cn-[n-Ifpw DXvtLm-jn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-

171

«p-v. F¶mÂ a\p-jysâ DÅn-epÅ ssZhnI iàn Ahs\ A_-²-§-fnÂ \n¶p kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw.

taÂ ]d-b-s¸« cmjv{S k¦Â¸- n\p _ehpw Du¶epw \ÂIp¶ Xc- nÂ AXnsâ ]pd¯v t]mIm³ `mKn-I-amb cmjv{S _Ôhpw kvt\lhpw ]cn-ip-²-amb id-Av tami-ambn ImWp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\mÂ a\p-jy³ P\n¨p hfÀ¶ hep-Xmb \nÝnX {]tZ-is¯ kvt\ln-¡p-¶-Xns\ id-Av AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. AXXv kap-Zm-bs¯ apgp-h-\mbpw kvt\ln-¡p-¶-Xn\v FXn-cm-hp-I-bnÃ F¶v am{X-aÃ AXv AXnsâ Hcp `mKw Xs¶-bm-Wv. F¶m-Â kz´w tZ-i-t¯m-SpÅ kvt\lw AXncp IS¶p AXv aäp-Å-hsc A{I-an-¡m³ Imc-W-am-bmÂ AXns\ id-Av hnaÀjn- n-«p-v. C§-s\bmWv tZ-i-kvt\lw \ne-hnÂ h¶Xv .A-Ãm-lp-hnsâ {]hm-N-I³ apl-½Zv \_n (k) aZo-\-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw a¡sb kvt\ln-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-tS¡v t]mIm³ sh¼Â sImÅp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.

_Ô§Ä hnhn[ hr¯§fmWv. NneXv NneXns\¡mÄ hnimeambXmWv. AXnÂ henb _Ô§Ä sNdpXnt\m sNdpXv hepXnt\m FXncmhpIbnÃ. Hcp hyànbpsS kzcmjv{ShpambpÅ _Ôw Ahsâ CÉmanI kaqlt¯mSpw temIt¯mSpapÅ _Ôs¯ apdn¨p IfbpIbnÃ. ImcWw Cu _Ôw CÃmsXbmbmÂ a\pjy³ I]SXbnte¡pw IpSpw_w,kaqlw, cmjv{Sw F¶nhbnÂ \n¶pÅ Hfnt¨m«¯nte¡pw \bn¡pw. Cu _Ôw AXncpIS¶mÂ ]£m]mX¯nte¡p \bn¡pw. \½psS NÀ¨m hnibw a\pjy IpehpambpÅ _Ôw apdn¡m¯ cmjv{St¯mSpw kaqlt¯mSpapÅ \·bpw {]Xn_ÔXbpapÅ _ÔamWv . Cu _Ôw ]£m]mXnXzw

172

\ndª a\pjys\ ]ckv]cw i{X¡fm¡pIbpw A{Ian¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ _Ô¯nÂ \n¶pw XoÀ¯pw hyXkvXamWv.

Nne B[p\nIÀ¡nSbnÂ ]c¶ sXämb Nn´sb Xncp¯pI F¶XmWv Rm³ Cu hniZoIcW¯peqsS B{Kln¨Xv. tZikvt\l¯nÂ \n¶pÅ tamN\w aXw \ne\nÀ¯m³ BhiyamsW¶v AhÀ sXän²cn¨ncn¡p¶p. F¶mÂ taÂ ]dbs¸« ]ÞnX hm¡pIfnÂ \n¶v tZikvt\lw a\pjy {]IrX¯nÂ s]«Xpw idAv AXn\v shÅhpw shfn¨hpw \ÂIn ]cnt]mjn¸¨n«ps¶pw a\-Ên-embn.]t£ AXv ]£ ]mXnXz-¯n-te¡pw A{I-a- n-te¡pw \bn-¡-cp-sX¶p am{Xw.

\mema-Xmbn: cm{ã§Ä tImf\n hÂ¡cWw Dm¡nb tIhew `qan imkv{X ]camb AXncpIÄ am{XambXn\mÂ R§Ä AXns\ kvt\ln¡pItbm AXnt\mSv klIcn¡pItbm CÃ.

A\p_Ôw

cm{ã§fv tImf\n hev¡cWw aptJ\ Dmb tIhew `qan imkv{X]camb AXncpIfÃ. adn¨v tImf\n hÂ¡cW¯n\v Bbnc¡W¡n\v hÀj§Ä¡v apt¼ Dd¨ ASnthcpIfpff {]tZi§fmWv cm{ã§Ä. cm{ã§fpsS \nehnepff AXncpIsf kwc£n¡epw {]Xntcm[n¡epw \½psS _m[yXbmWv. ]hn{Xam¡s]« Nne {]Xn`mk§Ä¡\pkrXambn FSp¡s]Sp¶ ]cam[nImc DS¼SnIfneqsSbÃmsX \nÝnX AXncpIsf CÃmXm¡m³ km[yaÃ. DZmlcW¯n\v bqtdm]y³ bqWnb³ sNbvXXv

173

t]mse cm{ã aqeyw ASnØm\ ]cambn AXncpItfmSv am{Xw _Ôs]«XÃ adn¨v cm{ã¯n\v Ncn{Xw, imkv{Xw, {]mtZinIw, BtKmf Xew F¶nhbpambn _Ôs¸« hfscb[nIw aqey§fpv. CuPn]vjy³ cm{ãw Øe Ime am\pjnI DÂIrãXIsfÃmw Hs¯mcnan¨XmWv. cm{ãs¯¡pdn¨pÅ hymPamb k¦Â¸§fnte¡v \bn¡p¶p.

A©mat¯Xv: cm{ã§Ä \n§Ä Cãs¸SpIbpw ssZhw \nµn¡pIbpw sNbvX hoSpIÄ am{XamWv.

A\p_Ôw

“\_n-sb ]-d-bp-I: \n-§-fp-sS ]n-Xm-¡fpw ]p-{X³-amcpw k-tlm-Z-c-§-fpw C-W-Ifpw _-Ôp-¡fpw \n-§Ä k-¼m-Zn- p-m¡n-b kz- p¡-fpw amµyw t\-cn-Sp-¶ I- -h-Shpw \n-§Ä Xr-]v- n-s -Sp-¶ ]mÀ- n-S-§fpw \n-§Ä-¡v AÃm-lp-hn-s\-¡m-Åpw Ah-sâ Zq-X-s\-¡mfpw Ah-sâ amÀ-¤- n-ep-Å k-a-c-t¯-¡mfpw {]n-b-s -«-Xm-bn-cp-¶mÂ AÃm-lp A-hsâ IÂ- -\ sIm-p h-cp¶-Xv

h-tc \n-§Ä Im- n-cn-¡pI”.

taÂ kqNn¡s¸« Nn´m[mXIÄ Cu kqàXw ASnØm\am¡n sXän²mcWIfpm¡n. cm{ãamWv \n§Ä Cãs¸Sp¶ hoSpIÄ F¶ AÀ°w \ÂIn. At¸Ä AÃmlphns\bpw dkqens\bpw Cãs¸Sp¶Xnt\¡mÄ \½Ä AXns\ Cãs¸SpIbpw AXn\v thn [À½ kacw \S¯pIbpw sNbvXmÂ AXv I]SXbmWv.

Cu k¦Â¸w XnI¨pw sXämbXpw JpÀB\ns\ icnbmb coXnbnÂ a\Ênem¡mXncn¡epamWv. JpÀB³ a\Ênem¡m³ Bhiyamb am\ZÞ§fnÃmsXbmWv AhÀ

174

JpÀB\ns\ a\Ênem¡nbXv. JpÀB³ a\Ênem¡m³ Bhiyamb Bbp[§Ä hÀj§fmbn AkvlÀ AXnsâ k´XnIÄ¡v ]Tn¸n¨v sImSp¡p¶pv. AXnÂs¸«XmWv Ad_n `mj kmlnXyw, hymIcW imkv{Xw, IÀ½imkv{X \n[m\imkv{Xw, JpÀB³ hniIe\ imkv{Xw apXembh. JpÀB³ Ad_n `mjbmbXv sImv ]dbs¸« imkv{X imJIÄ ]Tn¡msX AXns\ a\Ênem¡m³ IgnbpIbnÃ

CÉmanI ImgvN¸mSnse cmPyhpw Akvldnsâ ImgvN¸mSpw.

cmPykvt\ls¯¡pdn¨v JpÀB\nI hN\hpw hymJymXm¡fpsS hniZoIcWhpw.

Camw dmkn(d)¡v JpÀB³ ASnØm\s¸Sp¯n cmPykvt\ls¯¸än ckIcamb Hcp \nco£Wapv. kqd¯p¶nkmCse 66mw kqàw hymJym\n¨v sImmWv lrZb¯nÂ Bg¯nÂ ]Xn¡p¶Xpw DuÀÖZmbIhpamb Cu \nco£Ww At²lw ]dbp¶Xv (cmPyw hn«v t]mIp¶Xv Poh³ Ifbp¶Xn\v XpeyamsW¶v Npcp¡w)

(X vkodpÂ I_oÀ hm.15/t] 165)

Rm³ AhcpsStaÂ cv Imcy§Ä hn[n¡pIbmsW¦nÂ AhÀ¡v AXv A\pkcn¡m\mhm¯ {]bmk§fmbncn¡pw.

Ahbnsem¶v Poh³ Ifbepw atäXv AXnt\mSv XpeyambXpamWv. kzcmPyw hn«p t]mIemWXv. AYhm, sIme]mXIw sImpÅ {]bmkhpw \mSphn«p

175

t]mIp¶Xnse {]bmkhpw ^e¯nÂ XpeyamsW¶mWv (Cu kqà¯neqsS AÃmlp ]dbp¶Xv.)

\mSphn«p t]mIp¶Xv _p²nam·msc kw_Ôn¨v hfsc ZpjvIcamWv. sImesN¿s¸Sp¶ thZ\ t]mse kzcmPyt¯mSpÅ _Ôhpw kvt\lhpw \ãamhp¶Xv lrZb¯nÂ Bªp ]Xnt¡ H¶msW¶v CXdnbn¡p¶p. apÃm Aen¿pÂ Jmcn (d) anÀJmXpÂ a^mXolnÂ ]dbp¶p.-- -CgpInt¨À¶ \mSphn«pt]mIp¶Xv AXniàamb ]co£WamWv. AXvsImmWv AÂ _Jdbnse 191 mw kqàs¯ -\m«nÂ \n¶v ]pc¯m¡s¸SpI- F¶v hymJym\n¡s¸«Xv. CXnsâ DSs\bmWv D]cnkqNnX kqàw hcp¶Xv (anÀJmXvþ7/583)

kvt\ln¨ \m«nÂ \n¶v t]mIp¶Xv lrZbs¯ IogS¡epw iàamb kl\hpamsW¶Xn\mÂ, ]emb\¯nsâ t{iãX ]dbp¶ kÀÆ kqà§fpw Cu XXz¯nte¡mWv tNcp¶Xv. ]hn{Xamb Hcmibs¯bmWv CXv ]pÂIp¶Xv, B Bib¯n\p thn a\Êv Hcp almZpc´s¯ kln¡p¶psh¦nÂ B Bib¯nsâ alXzas{X.

Hcp Ihn ]mSp¶pv.

aq¶v Imcy§fpsS taepÅ kl\amWv al¯cw.

\mSphn«pt]mIepw Iq«pImsc thÀ]ncnbepw {]WbnXmhns\ \ãamIepamWXv.

cmPykvt\lw lZoknepw hymJymX¡fpsS hniZoIcWhpw.

176

A\kv(d) \_n (k) bm{X Ignªv aS§nsb¯n aZo\bpsS NpacpIÄ ImWpt¼mÄ (hÃmsX kt´mjn¡pw) hml\¸pd¯msW¦nÂ kvt\lw ImcWw AXns\ ]nSn¨p Ipep¡pw. (_pJmcn, C_v\p lnºm³, XpÀapZn XpS§nbhÀ Cu lZokv dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXn«pv.)

]m]apàhpw hlvbnsâ ZuXyhpapÅ {]hmNIobamb HcnSs]SemWnXv. AhnSs¯ lrZbs¯ ]nSn¨pIpep¡nbn«pv. kzcmPys¯ sImXn¡p¶ lrZbhpw AXnte¡v ASp¡p¶ a\Êns\bpw {]ISamIp¶ hlvbpw kXyamb CÂlmapamWv CXnsâ ]n¶nÂ. F{Xt¯mfsa¶mÂ bm{X Ignªv aZo\bpsS AXnÀ¯n¨pacpIÄ ImWpt¼mtg¡v aZo\tbmSpÅ kvt\l¯mepw hnip² a\Ênsâ sImXnbmepw kz´w hml\w ]nSn¨pIpep¡pI t]mepw sN¿p¶p {]hmNI³ (k).

C_v\p lPÀ ^XvlpÂ _mcnbnÂ ]dbp¶p. aZo\bpsS alXz¯nte¡pw cmPykvt\l¯nsâ t\ÀImgvN¸mSnte¡pw Cu lZokv hncÂ Nqp¶p.

CtX A`n{]mbamWv DwZXpÂ JmcnbnÂ _ZvdpÂ K\n ]dbp¶Xpw. AXn\mÂ Xs¶ Cu hnip² hN\w al\obamb {]hmNINcyIfnse HcpZmlcW¯nte¡mWv kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv. Bcm[\IÄ, acymZIÄ, kz`mh§Ä, sXmgnepIÄ, kapZmb§Ä X½nepÅ hnimeamb _Ô§Ä XpS§n apÉnw hyànXz \nÀamW¯nsâ Aaqeyamb {]hmNIob LS\bpsS asäÃm NcyItfmSpw CXv tNÀ¶p \nÂ¡p¶p.

177

BCi (d), AhcpsS ]nXmhv, Dkma, t]c¡p«nIÄ, tX³, a[pcw, DlvZv ]ÀÆXw, A³kmdpIÄ XpS§nb hnizmkn¡v amdn\nÂ¡mhp¶, {]hmNI³ IqSpXÂ Cãs¸Sp¶ ChbpsS IqsS kzcmPys¯bpw {]hmNI³ Cãs¸Sp¶psh¶mWv Camw Zl_n (d) knbdp AAvem an¶p_emCÂ ]dbp¶Xv.

am{XaÃ, ]ÞnXÀ, cmPyt¯mSpÅ HcmfpsS CãamWv.?

cmPyw hn«pÅ bm{X ZpjvIcamsW¶v ]dbp¶Xnsâ ImcWw Nne lZokv hymJymXm¡Ä CtX A`n{]mbamWv. AÒZv (d), Xz_vdm\n (d) F¶nhÀ DJv_Xp_v\p BanÀ (d) hnÂ \n¶v D±cn¨ lZoknsâ hymJym\¯nÂ ]dbp¶Xv. \_n(k) ]dªp. aq¶mfpIfpsS {]mÀ°\¡v XoÀ¨bmbpw D¯cw e`n¡pw. a¡Ä¡p thn {]mÀ°n¡p¶ ]nXmhv, bm{XnI³, aÀ²nX³ aÀ²Is\Xnsc, F¶nhcmWhÀ. CXnÂ bm{XnIsâ {]mÀ°\¡v D¯cw \ÂIs¸Sp¶Xnsâ ImcWambn ]dbp¶Xv, Ah³ t\cntSn hcp¶ sISpXnbpw {]XnkÔn¡pw \mSphntSn h¶Xnse a\x{]bmkhpamWv.

AÃma ap\mhn (ss^fpÂ JZoanÂ) –Cu lZokv hnhcn¨v ]dbp¶p. bm{X, \m«nÂ \n¶v ZoÀLImew AI¶v \n¶Xn\mÂ lrZbw XIcp¶Xn\v ImcWamWv, F¶mÂ {]bmk§Ä kln¡epw XIÀ¨bpw {]mÀ°\¡v D¯cw \ÂIs¸Sp¶Xnsâ henb ImcW§fmWv.

Nne bpànÚm\nIÄ ]dbp¶p. \m«nte¡v aS§m\pÅ sImXn lrZb ss\Àaeyw aqeamWv. lrZb ss\Àaeyw kpc£nX¯z t_m[¯mepw, kpc£nX t_m[w

178

ImcpWy¯mepw, ImcpWyw ss\kÀ¤nI ]pWy¯mepw, ss\kÀ¤nI ]pWyw hnthI ip²nbmepw DmIp¶XmWv.

AÃmlp kIe krãnIsfbpw krãn¨Xv Xs¶ kzcmPyt¯¡v hioIcn¡s¸Sp¶, ip² {]IrXt¯msSbmWv. aäp PohPme§fpsS ip²{]IrXnbnepw AÃmlp GIm´Xbpw Dd¸pw \m«nte¡m{Kln¡p¶ a\Êpw kq£n¨psh¨n«pv. Nn´n¡p¶hÀ¡v FÃm PohPme§fnepw CXv Is¯m\mhpw. knwl§fpw ]pen¡p«nIfpw AhbpsS KplIfnte¡pw H«Iw sXmgp¯nte¡pw Ddp¼pIÄ amf¯nte¡pw ]£nIÄ IqSpIfnte¡pw A`bw {]m]n¡p¶p. F¶mÂ a\pjy\pw \m«nte¡v aS§m³ sImXn¡p¶ {]IrXnbnÂ krãn¡s¸«hcmWv. \mSpIÄ hÃmsX kvt\lw {]ISamIp¶ CS§fmsW¶v C_v\pÂ Pukn (d) ap\odpÂ KdmanÊPo\nÂ ]dbp¶pv.

Ad_nIfnÂ Rm\nXv {i²n¨n«pv.

Rm³ ]dbp¶p. Cu PohPme§sfÃmw kz´w \m«nte¡v/Iq«nte¡v aS§m³ sImXn¡p¶hbmWv.

d_oAXpÂ _kzcn – H«I¯nsâ \m«nte¡v aS§m\pÅ sImXnsb¸än Hcp {KÙw t]mepw cNn¨n«pv.

]ns¶ a\pjysâXv ]dtbXnÃtÃm?. Cu PohPoe§Ä anm{]mWnIfmbn«v t]mepw \m«nte¡v sImXn¡p¶ AXnsâ {]IrXn ChnsS hyàamWv. F¶mÂ am\yXbpw Iqdpw aäp kz`mh sshinjvSy§fpw a\pjyXz¯nsâ

179

]cn]qÀ®X sImpw thdn«p \nÂ¡p¶ a\pjy³ Ahtb¡mÄ \m«nte¡v aS§m³ sImXnt¡t?

AÒZv iuJn ]dbp¶p.

\mSn\v FÃm kzX{´sâ cà¯nepw kzm[o\apv, Hcp IS_m[yXbpw CXn\mÂ F\n¡p ]dbm\mhpw.?

a\pjy\mWv cmPyt¯mSv Gähpw Iqdv ]peÀt¯h³, aäpPohPme§tf¡mÄ AXns\ kvt\lnt¡h\pw kpc£\ÂtIh\pw.

cmPykvt\lw Huenbm¡fpsSbpw kzmenlo§fpsSbpw ho£W¯nÂ.

cmPykvt\lw kzmeolo§fpsS NcybmWv. \pssAw –lnÂbXpÂ Huenb- F¶ {KÙ¯nÂ XymKnIfpsS t\Xmhmb C{_mloap_v\p AZvlans\Ipdn¨v dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXXv t\m¡q. cmPyw shSnªt¸mgpmb {]bmkt¯¡mÄ Fs¶ Ae«nb H¶nÃ.1

cmPykvt\lw Úm\nIfnÂ

lnµv ]dªXmbn AkvaCu D²cn¡p¶p. aq¶v kz`mh§Ä aq¶pPohnIfnÂ ImWmw. H«Iw Imesa{Xbmbmepw Xsâ Be ad¡pIbnÃ. £maw

1 lnÂbXpÂ Huenb 370/7

180

_m[n¨mepw kz´w IqSv hn«v t]mInÃ. kz´w \mSnt\¡mÄ F{X D]Icn¨mepw a\pjy³ thsd \mSnte¡v amdnÃ.

BWp§sf¡pdn¨dnbWsa¦nÂ kz´w \mSnt\mSpÅ B{Klhpw kplr¯p¡tfmSpÅ Cãhpw ]qÀÆImew kvacn¨pÅ Ic¨nepw t\m¡nbmÂ aXnsb¶v Hcp AAvdm_n

]dªXv Zo\qcn¿v –apPmek-bnÂ ]dbp¶p. AkvaCu aptJ\bmWv CXv dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXXv.

cmPykvt\lw IhnIfnepw kmlnXyImc³amcnepw

IhnIÄ X§fpsS \mSnt\mSpÅ AXnbmb t{]a¯mÂ IcbpIbpw Icbn¸n¡pIbpw Nn´IÄ D±o]n¸n¡pIbpw X·qew al¯mb kmlnXy kw`mh\bÀ¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXp. hnÚm\ IpXpInIÄ¡v AhcpsS IhnXIfnÂ {]uVamb kamlmc§fpw kz´w \mSv hntSnh¶hcpsS lrZbthZ\bpw ImWmw.

kpJIcasÃ¦nepw sXfn\oÀ e`n¡nsÃ¦nepw hmktbmKyasÃ¦nepw X§fpsS cmPyt¯mSpÅ CjvSwaqew NneÀ ]mSn

CW§phms\m¡nsÃ¦nepw Rm\nW§nb \mSXv

\·bntÃepw ]eXpw CW§pw ]et¸mgpw.

hmbpthm Petam \ÃXsÃ¦nepw

F³ \msS¶ hnImc¯nenW§pw ]et¸mgpw.

181

a\pjysâ AIXmcnÂ A´Àeo\amb hnImc¯mÂ ]emb\¯nsâbpw ]emb\¡mcpsSbpw alXzw AÃmlp D¶Xam¡n. kz´w Ifns¯m«nepw sNdp¸¯nse IfnØehpw Xsâ \mSpw hnSp¶XneqsS a\ÊnÂ Ahc\p`hn¡p¶ {]bmkhpw Häs¸Sepw ap³ \nÀ¯nbt{X AXv. ]eØe§fnembn JpÀB\nÂ lnPvd t]mIp¶hcpsS alXzhpw {]Xn^ehpw ]cmaÀin¡m³ ImcWanXmbncn¡mw.

ZJodsb¶ {KÙ¯nÂ C_v\p _Êmw ]dªp. Xm³ P\n¡pIbpw F¶pw CW§pIbpw sNbvX \mSnte¡v _p²nam³ F¶pw aS§pw, am\ys\mcn¡epw Xsâ IpSpw_t¯mSv ]nW§pItbm Xs¶ ]meq«n hfÀ¯nb \mSns\ ad¡pItbm sN¿nÃ.

a³APn\pw kÂa¡panSbnepÅ ØeatÃm

taLw sXfnª AÃmlphn³ `qanbnse\n¡nãw

bphXzsa\n¡v GeÊv sI«n¯cnIbpw

F³ ]mZamZyambv kv]Àin¨bnShpatÃmbXv.

C_v\p dqan \mSpItfmSv Cãw IqSm\pÅ ImcWw At±l¯nsâ Camambn ]cnKWn¡mhp¶ AÒZp_v\p CkvlmJpÂ auknenbpsS hm¡pIfneqsS hnhcn¡p¶Xv Zohm\pÂ aB\nbpsS cNbnXmhv hnhcn¡p¶p.

£ma _m[tbsä¦nepsa³

kÂa Xmakn¡pw \msS³ {]nbw

B `qan X³ at®mSÃ \nÝbsa³

182

t{]a t{]bknbtÃm AhnSw hkn¡ps¶.

C_v\p dqan ]dbp¶p.

hnÂ¡nsÃmcn¡epsa¶p Rm³ iTn¨ \mSps\n¡v

thsdmcp¯\paXn\hIminbmhnÃ.

bphXzahnSw Rm³ \n³ XWemkzZn¡pw t]mÂ Nnehgn¨p.

AXpamsbsâ a\ÊnW§nb§s\

B \mSntÃÂ Rm³ \in¡pambncp¶p.

bphXzw Nnehgn¨ {]iv\§tfmtcm¶pw

X³ \mSnt\mSSp¸n¡ptamtcm ]pcpjs\bpw.

\mSns\ kvacn¡ptamtcm \najhpw

Iuamc ImetamSnsb¯papS³.

hnaÀiIc{Iaagn¨p hnSpInepw

\n³ ]miamsW\n¡`bw.

\n³ hew ssIbnÂ \n¶\p{KlaIepInÂ

CSw ssIbmÂ \n³ hn]s¯mcn¡epw ]ng¡nÃ.

cmPykvt\l¯nÂ cNn¡s¸« IrXnIfpw kamlmc§fpw

183

]qÀÆnIÀ¡v Cu Bibw kp]cnNnXambncp¶p. AXn\mÂ Xs¶ [mcmfw cN\IÄ CÆnjb¯nÂ am{Xambpv.

1. Pmlnfnsâ lpºpÂ hXz³, ({]kn²oIcn¡s¸«p.)

2. le_nse Jmfnbmb kzmenlv _v\p AÐnÂ hlvlm_v cmPykvt\ls¯¡pdn¨v {KÙsagpXnbn«ps¶v XmcoJv ZnanivJnÂ C_v\p Akm¡nÀ ]dªn«pv.

3. Camw AÂ lm^nfv A_qkAZv AÐpÂ Icow _v\p apl½Zv kwB\o- A³km_nÂ ]dbp¶Xv (AXnsâ Ncn{Xhpw \nÀ½mW ImcWhpw kzcmPy t{]cWsb¶ ]pkvXI¯nÂ ]dªn«pv.)

4. A_q lmXznw klÂ _v\p apl½Zv knPnkvXm\n- - --

cmPykvt\lw

5. A_q l¿m³ Aen¿p_v\p apl½Zv XuloZn – cmPym\pI¼

6. A_q apl½ZnÂ lk\n_v\n AÐn dÒm\n_v\nÂ JÃmZn dvdmalvdwkn- - Bebpw X®oÀ ]´epw, cmPym\pI¼

7. CÉmanI A[ym]\§fpsS shfn¨¯nÂ cmPy kvt\l¯nsâ aqeyw, tUm. kpsseam³ AÐpÅmln _v\n laqZv A_Â JeoÂ

8. tUm. sskZp_v\p AÐpÂ Icow AÂ sskZv –cmPykvt\lw.CÉmanI \nbaimkv{X Imgv¨¸mSv

184

9. cmPyhpw \nhmkhpw. IÀ½imkv{X ]T\w. tUm. apl½Zv _v\p aqk _v\p apØ^ ±men.

thsdbpw ]ecpw Cu hnjb¯nÂ {KÙ§Ä cNn¨n«pv.

CÉm-an-I ]-²-Xn

CÉm-an-Iv s{]m-P-În-s\-¡p-dn- v ap³ Im-e-§-fnÂ H-cp ]m-Sv NÀ- -I-fpw hm-Kzm-Z-§fpw D-m-bn-«pv. Nn-eÀ A-Xns\ X-Åp-I-bpw a-äp Nn-eÀ A-\p-Iq-en-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.C-¡m-cy- nÂ F- m-Wv C-Ém-an-Iv s{]m-P-Iv-äv F-¶-dn-bm-sX ]-e sX-än²m-c-WIfpw D-m-bn-«p-v. A-Xv sIm-v AÂ-]w ]n-¶n-te-¡v t]m-Im-\m-Wv Rm-\n-ã-s -Sp-¶Xv. H-¶m-a-Xm-bn C-Ém-an-Iv s{]m-P-În-sâ \-b-§-fpw A-Xp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«-h-bpw A-Xv \-S- m-¡p-¶ co-Xn-bpw NÀ- sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\v ap-¼v F- m-Wv C-Ém-an-Iv s{]m-P-Îv F¶v tNmZnt¨¡mw.

C-Ém-an-Iv s{]mP-Îv F-¶mÂ `-c-W cm-{ã km-¼¯n-I km-aq-ly \-b-X-{´-]-c-]am-b tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡v a-dp]-Sn ]-d-b-em-Wv.A-Xv IÀ-½ im-kv-{Xw,C-Éman-I N-cy-IÄ,km-lnXyw Xp-S-§n-b-h-bnÂ \n-¶v a\ÊnemIp¶ H-cp ap-kven-an-sâ Po-hn-X- nÂ \n-¶v D-Zml-c-W k-ln-Xw hy-à-am-¡m³ I-gn-bp-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.A-Xv ]pXn-b Im-gv-N- m-Sp-IÄ \nÀ-½n-¡p-¶ co-Xn-bn-ep-am-bn-cn-¡Ww.

C-Ém-an-I]²XnbpsS e£yw

C-Xn-sâ e-£yw am-\pjn-I ]-cn-K-W-\, [mÀ-½n-IX,tem-I-t¯m-Sp-Å Im-gv-N- m-Sv, kr-ãn-I-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-§Ä kw-c-£n¡Â, a-äp

185

a-X-§fpw B-i-b-§fpw am-\pjn-I ]-cnK-W-\ sh-¨v DÄ-s¡m-ÅÂ,a-\p-jy-sâ [-\-hpw _p-²nbpw A- n-am-\hpw kw-c-£n¡Â, ]pXn-b \m-K-cn-K-X-¡p-Å ]-cn-{i-a§Ä, k- -eo-I-cn-¡-s -Sp-¶ \m-K-cn-IX-sb {]m-tbmKn-I X-e- nÂ sIm-v hcÂXpS§nbhmWv.

Ckvem-an-I ]²XnbpsS A-Sn-Øm-\hpw A¨pZÞpw AXnsâ kqNI§fpw am\pjnI aqey§fpw DbÀ¶ kz`mh KpW§fpw a\pjy\v IÂ]n¡s¸Sp¶ am\yXbpw Cl]c hnPb¯n\mbpÅ ]cn{iahpamWv. D¶X kz`mh§fpsS ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\mWv Rm³ \ntbmKnX\mbsX¶ {]hmNI A[ym]\w Cu aqey§dfpsS BsI XpIbmWv. Cu e£yw \ndthäm¯tXm AXnÂ amä§Ä hcp¯p¶tXm AXns\ XIÀ¡p¶tXm Bb FÃm {]tbmK coXnIfpw sXämbXmWv.

C-Xn-sâ a-dp h-i-§-fn-te-¡v I-S-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ ap-¼n-ep-Å Im-cy-§Ä C-{X-bp-amWv. C-Xv H-cp IÀ-½ im-kv-{XR-sâ tPm-en-bm-Wv. C-Xn-sâ {]-hÀ- -\ cq-]w Nn-e {]-hÀ- -\ {I-a-amWv. D-Zm-l-c-W- n-\v IÀ-½ \nZm-\ im-kv-{X ]-Þn-X³-am-cp-sS G-tIm-]-\-hpw A-hÀ-¡n-S-bn-ep-Å NÀ- -Ifpw A-tXm-sSm- w \-b X-{´-Ú³-am-cp-sS {]-hÀ- -\-§-fpw A-h-bnÂ \n-¶pÂ- -hn-¡p-¶ ]pXn-b Im-g-N- m-SpIÄ, ¹m-\pIÄ, h-fÀ- -¡p-Å am-\-Z-Þ-§Ä Xp-S-§nh sIm-v \-b-X-{´- nsâ {]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-Ifpw ]pXn-b {]-iv-\-§fpw sIm- h-cn-Ibpw A-tXm-sSm- w X-s¶ \-b-X-{´ _-Ô-§-fp-sS Ir-Xy-am-b {]-i-\-§fpw cm-Py-§Ä X-½n-Â F-{X-t¯m-fw kzm-[o-\w D-v F-¶v a-\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pI?

186

C-Xv sIm-v am-{Xw C-Xv {]m-tbmK hÂ-¡-cn-¡m³ km-[yaÃ. a-dn- v A-Xn-\v ]-c-kv-]-c _-Ô-¯n-sâbpw sIm-Å-s¡m-Sp-¡-ep-I-fp-sSbpw aptJ\bmWv km[yamIp¶Xv. hn-izm-kv-XX, A-dnhv, Xn-cn- -dn-hv Xp-S-§nb-h-tbm-Sp-Å Im-g-N- m-Snepw aäpw am-ä-ap-m-Ip-sa-¦nepw H-cp cm-{ã Øm-]-\- n-\v A\p-tbm-Pyamb s]m-Xp co-Xn kzo-I-cn-t¡Xv A\nhmcyamWv.

C-{]-Im-cw IÀ-½ im-kv-{X- n-sâ-bp \-b-X-{´-Ú- n-sâbpw Im-cy- nÂ ]-dª-Xv t]m-se cm-{ão-b-]-c-ambpw cq-]-s -Sp- p-I, cm-Py- n-sâ -k- a-\-Ên-em-¡Â, A-Xn-\v hy-àn-I-tfmSpw k-aq-l-§-tfmSpw D-Å _-Ôw, cm-Py- n-sâ D- -cm-hm-Zn- w, cm-{ãhpw hy-Xy-kv-X-§-fm-kzm-X-{´y-§fpw X-½n-se km-ay-X-IÄ, AXv B[p\nI cmãob k¦Â]§sf ]qÀ®ambpw DÄsImÅpIbpw AXpt]mse Xs¶ tXma-kv t]m-]vkv, tPm¬ tam-¡v ,sl-KÀ Xp-S-§n-b-h-cp-sS cm-{ão-bam-b Im-gv-N- m-Sp-IÄ a-\-Ên-em-¡pIbw XpSÀ¶v Camw l-d-ssa\n, C-_v-\p JÂ-Zq³, Xp-S-§n-b-h-cp-sS IÀ-½-im-kv-{X-]-cam-b cm-{ão-b ho-£-W-§Ä a-\-Ên-em-¡pIbpw thWw. C-XnÂ \n-¶v B-[p\n-I Ime-s¯ cm-{ão-b ]-cam-b {]-iv-\-§Ä a-\-Ên-em-¡m³ km-[n-¡pw. am-{X-aÃ, C-Xn-sâ-Ir-Xyam-b \n-cq]-Ww aptJ\ ]pXn-b Im-gv-N- m-Sp-Ifpw AÚmXamb a-äp `m-K-§fpw ]-cn-K-W-\-bnÂ h-cpw. C¯-cw {]-hÀ- -\-s¯ C-amw im-^nCu (d) ]-dª-Xv t]m-se-bm-Wv. (P\§fpsS Zn\adnbm³ Ccp]Xv hÀjt¯mfw Rm³ \n¶p. IÀ½ imkv{X¯n\v klmbIcambn«mWXv.)

C-{]-Im-cw X-Xzim-kv{Xw, km-¼¯n-I im-kv{Xw,`-c-W-]-c-ambpw tk-h-\-]-c-am-bp-ap-Å Im-cy-§Ä \-S-¯n-bmÂ e- n-¡p-¶ dn-kÄ-«n-s\-bm-Wv C-Ém-an-Iv s{]m-P-Iv-äv F-¶p ]-d-bp-¶-Xv. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n\v, F-sâ H-cp Iq-«p-Im-c\pw I¬kÄ«âpamb apØ-

187

^m k-A- m³ C-¶v C-Éman-I IÀ-½ im-kv-{X-¯n-se X-S-Ê-§sfbpw A-Xn-\p-Å Im-c-W-§-sfbpw Ip-dn- v H-cp ]T-\w X-¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cp¶p. A-XnÂ C-¶v \-½Ä ]-cn-l-cn-t¡- \q-dv {]-iv-\-§-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. H-cp-]m-Sv C-Ém-an-Iv s{]m-P-Iv-äp-IÄ D-m-hp-¶-XnÂ X-S-Ê-anÃ. A-XnÂ NneXv Du-lm t]m-l-§Ä-¡-Sn-Øm-\-ap-Å-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw. Nn-e-Xn-sâ ssi-en Dq-lm t]m-l-am-bn-cn-¡pw.

Cu C-Ém-an-Iv s{]m-P-Iv-äv ap-Énw-IÄ-¡n-S-bnÂ C-Éman-I i-co-A- n-s\ Iq-Sp-XÂ {]-N-cn-¸n-t¡- H-cp {i-a-amWv. C-Éman-I IÀ-½ im-kv{Xw ]pXn-b Ime-s¯ {]-i-\-§Ä-¡v ]-cn-lm-cw \n-c-t±-in-¡m³ I-gn-bp-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡Ww. C-\n IÀ-½ im-kv-{X ]-c-am-bn ]-cn-lm-cw \nÀ-t±-in-¡m³ I-gn-ªn-«n-sÃ-¦nÂ a-sämcp h-gn Im-Wn-¡Ww.

C-{]-Im-cw H-cp C-Éman-I IÀ-½ ]²-Xn X-¿m-d-¡-W-sa-¦nÂ km-aq-ly im-kv-{X-s¯-¡p-dn- v Ir-Xyam-b A-h-t_m-[w D-m-bn-cn-¡Ww. A-Xmb-Xv A-d-_nbpsSbpw Cu-Pn-]v-jysâbpw a-äp hn- m-K-§-fp-sSbpw km-aq-ln-Iam-b {]-tXy-I-X-Ifpw `q-an im-kv-{X-]-cam-b A-h-t_m-[hpw D-m-bn-cn-¡Ww. C-¯-c-¯nÂ Cu IÀ-½ ]²-Xn hn-P-bn-¡-W-sa-¦nÂ im-kv-{Xo-bam-b K-th-j-Whpw A-Xn-\-\p-kr-Xam-b \n-co-£-Whpw A-Xym-h-iy-amWv. Imc-Ww \-½-fn-hn-sS {]-Xn-]m-Zn- IÀ-½ ]²-Xn K-th-j-I³-amÀ X-e-ap-d-I-tfm-fw sImv \-S-t¡- H-cp km-aqln-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-Wv.

Cu IÀ-½ ]-²-Xn- ]-c-ky-s -Sp- epw {]-Jym-]-\hpw C-Xn-sâ a-säm-cp {][m-\ L-S-I-amWv. Imc-Ww H-cp {]-tXy-I hn-j-b-¯n-te-¡v P-\-§-fp-sS {i-² Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv C-Xv.P-\-§-fp-am-bn

188

_-Ô-s -« hn-j-b-§-fnÂ B-[p\n-I ]-c-am-bn ]-cn-lm-cw I-s-¯n-bn-«n-sÃ-¦nÂ C-kvemw sX-än-²-cn-¡-s -Spw. A-Xn-sâ D-Zm-lc-Ww e-£-§Ä sN-e-h-gn- v H-cp hen-b ImÀ hnÂv-¡m³ ]-ckyw sN-¿p¶-Xv t]m-se-bm-Ip-¶p. Im-dn-sâ D-¶-Xam-b ku-I-cy-§Ä a-\-Ên-em-¡n hm-§m³ h-cp¶-h-tcm-Sv A-hÀ ]-d-bpw R-§Ä `q-an-¡-Sn-bnÂ-\n-¶v Im-dn-sâ A-kw-kIr-X h-kv-Xp-¡Ä I-s¯n-b ti-jw ^m-Î-dn-bnÂ tPm-en sN-¿m³ ]-cn-N-b k-¼¶mb tPm-en-¡m-sc A-\z-jn- v 3 hÀ-jw \S¶v ImÀ \nÀ-½n¡pw. AXv\n§-sf GÂ- n-¡mw. ]n-s¶ F-´n-\m-Wv [r-Xn-bnÂ hm-§m-s\-¶h-®w hn-]p-e-am-bn ]-ckyw \-S-¯p-¶Xv. ]-Wn ]qÀ-¯n-bm-Ip-¶-Xn-\v ap-¼v H-cp ]-ckyw sN-¿Â h-f-sc A-]-I-S-I-c-am-Wv.

ip-² C-Ém-an-sâ A-SnØm-\ X-Xz-§-fnÂ Du¶n {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶Xpw ]pXn-b Ime-s¯ k-a-ky-IÄ-¡v D¯-cw \Â-Ip-¶-Xpam-b C-Ém-an-Iv ^n-tem-k-^n-¡Â G-P³-kn-bp-sS A- m-hw aq-e-am-Wv A- v-Km-\n-Øm-\nepw tkm-am-en-b-bnepw kp-Um-\nepw C-dm-\n-ep-saÃmw C-Éman-I ]-²-Xn-IÄ ]qÀ-® hn-P-b- n-se-¯msX t]mbXv.

C-kvm-an-sâ kp-µ-c A-[ym-]-\-§Ä Im-e-¯n-\-\p-kr-X-am-bn k-aq-l- n\v a-\-Ên-em-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡m-\p-Å P-\-§-fp-sS ti-jn-¡p-d-hmWv C-Ém-an-sâ aqÃy-Nyp-Xn-¡v Im-c-W-sa-¶v C-XnÂ \n-¶v a-\-Ên-em-¡mw. A-Xp Im-c-W-am-bn Nn-e-bm-fp-IÄ ssZ-h \n-tj-[-¯n-te-¡pw C-Ém-an-s\bpw {]-hm-N-I-s\bpw I-f-hm-¡p-¶-Xn-te¡pw F- n-t¨-cp-¶p. hn-e ]n-Sn-¸p-Å c-Xv\-§-fmÂ Ae¦rXamb A-aqÃy J-\n-bm-Wv b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ C-Éman-I co-Xn im-kvv-{Xw. F-¦n-epw Cu c-Xvv-\§-sf P-\-Io-b-am-¡m³ AXo-h km-t¦Xn-I an-Ihpw D-bÀ¶ ssh-Úm\n-I \n-]p-W-Xbpw

189

A-\n-hm-cy-amWv. `q-an Xp-c¶v ]p-d-s¯-Sp-¡p-¶ c-Xv-\w kq£a- {]-{In-b-bn-eq-sS I-S- n hn-tS--Xp-v.

Cu C-tX {]{In-b-bn-eq-sS k-©-cn- v th-Ww Im-e- n-sâ Im-sem- -¡v a-dp]-Sn ]-d-bm-³. \mw \-½p-sS ]-cn-N-Ifpw b-{´§fpw F-®-bp-]-tbm-Kn- v {]-hÀ- -\ £-a-X hÀ-²n- n-t¡- ka-bw A-Xn-{I-an- n-cn-¡p¶p.

B-bp-[-§Ä D-]-tbm-K iq-\y-am-bn {]-hÀ-¯-\-£a-X \-jvv-S-s -«vv Xp-cp-¼v _m-[n- n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm-Wv \-½p-sS {]i-\w. C-Xn-te-¡mWvv AÃm-lp-hn-sâ hN-\w kq-N-\ X-cp-¶-Xvv. A-hÀ kzbw Xo-cp-am-\w F-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\v ]I-cw AÃm-lp-hn-sâ Xn-cp-Zq-X-cn-te¡pw A-h-cn-se A-dn-hm-f-³-am-cn-te¡pw a-S-¡n-bn-cp-s¶-¦nÂ Im-cy-§Ä Ir-Xy-am-bn a-\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-cp-¶p. (kq-d- p-¶n-kmA83). A-Sn-Øm-\ {]-am-W-§-fnÂ \n-¶v ]pXn-b Im-cy-§Ä D-cp- n-cn-s -Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-em-Wv \-½p-sS hn-P-bw Ip-Sn sIm-Åp-¶Xv. C-Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wv \-hIm-e k-a-ky-IÄ-¡v \ap-¡v a-dp]-Sn ]-d-bm³ km-[y-am-hp-I. ap-I-fnÂ kq-Nn-¸n- kq-à- n-sâ AÀ-° hym-]v-Xn-bn-te-¡v B-gv-¶n-d-§p-¶nÃ-sb-¶-Xm-Wv \mw t\-cn-Sp-¶ G-ähpw hen-b {]-Xn-k-Ôn.

AÂ A-kv-lÀ bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än t]m-ep-Å D-¶X ssh-Úm\n-I Øm-]-\-§-fm-Wv ]pXn-b C-Éman-I ]-²-Xn-IÄ-¡v t\-XrXzw \Â-tI--Xv. AÃm-am Jp-Z-cn ]m-i, -Jq-l-p-Z-kv-Xq-cn hÂ J-\q-\n-ÊnÂ lq-cn, AÃm-am a-l-eq-^v an³-bm-hn, ssi-JpÂ C-Émw tUm. l-k-\pÂ A- mÀ, tUm. ap-l½-Zv Pul-cn ,AÃma ssi-Jv A-en Pp-ap-A- XpS-§n a-tlm-¶-Xcm-b ]Þn-X tI-k-cn-IÄ kzo-I-cn-¨ h-gn-I-fpw \mw ]T-\ hn-t[-b-am-t¡--Xpv. ImcWw Cu ]-Þn-X-cn-Jn-ehpw ]pXn-b Im-e- n-sâ

190

shÃp-hn-fn b-YmÀ-° co-Xn-bnÂ ssI-Imcyw sN-¿m³ ]-c-am-h-[n {i-an- n-«pv.

\nba hyhØIÄ

a-X-]-cam-b hm-Z-ap-J§-sf ]T\ hn-t[-bam¡p-hm\pw hn-ip-²-{]-am-W-§-fnÂ\n¶v Xn-cpN-cy sX-fn-bn-s -Sp¡m\pw K-th-j-W-]-cam-b \-S-]-Sn-{I-a-§-fpv.

hmZapJ§Ä {]-Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶ Jp-À-B\n-I h-N-\-§-fp-sSbpw {]-hm-NI sam-gn-I-sfbpw km-c-{K-lw \-S- p-¶-Xn-eq-sS hm-Z-K-Xn-I-fp-sS ]q-À-®-am-b-Nn{Xw Nn- -bnÂ sX-fnªv h-cp-¶-XmWv. hn-ip-²-h-N-\-§sf ]-c-kv-]-c-_Ôn-X-a-Ãm- X-c- ne-Ã A-]q-À-®-am-bn k-µ-À- -§-fn-Â \n-¶v A-S-À- n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶ B-b- p-I-Ä sh-Å¯nÂ \n-¶v I-c-bn-te¡v F-Sp-s¯-dn-b-s¸-« aÕyw t]m-se-bmWv. hn-ip-²-h-N-\-§-fn-Â \n-¶v D-cp-¯n-cn-bp-¶ Zo-\n-X-Xz-§fpw hn-[n-Ifpw ap³Im-e k-ap-Zm-b-§fpsS N-cn-{X-§fpw a-äp-saÃmw A-Xn-e-S-§n-b-XmWv.

Xq- n ]-d-bp-¶p: IÂ]-\ im-k-\-I-fn-Â \n-¶v K-thj-Ww sN-bv-Xv I-s-¯-s¸-Sp-¶ Zo-\n hn-[n-Isf-t]m-se¯-s¶, N-cn-{Xm-Jymb-§-fnÂ \n¶pw D-]-tZ-i-I I-Y-I-fn-Â \n¶pw I-s-¯m-hp-¶-XmWv. hn-[n-I-Ä D-Ä-sImÅm-¯ B-b-Xp-IÄ Jp-À-B-\n-Â A-]q-À-h-amWv.(id-lp ap-Jv-X-k-dp duf , t]; 3/577)

C-_v-\p ZJoJpÂ Cu-Zv ]-d-bp¶-Xv Im-Wmw : Jp-À-B-\n-se hn-[n-IÄ Nn-e \n-À-Wn-Xam-b hm-Iy-§-fn-Â am-{X-aÃ , Nn- -IÄ¡pw _q-²n-i-àn¡pw A-\p-kr-X-am-bn hy-Xym-k-§Ä¡v hn-t[-b-am-Wh. kqNn¸nt¨m A\pam\nt¨m AÃmsX t\À¡pt\À hn[nIÄ DÅS§nb Bb¯pIfmWnhIÄ.

191

1cm-a-t¯-Xv: LS-\m `w-Kn-bm-Wv ]-c-kv]-cw tNÀ- v sh-¡p-I-bpw ap- n-t¡--Xn-s\ ap- n-¡p-Ibpw ]n- n-t¡--Xn-s\ ]n- n-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p¶-Xv ]-Z-§-fn-se {]-tbm-K-§-Ä {]-Xy-tIm-Zy-i- n-ep-Å-h-I-sfbpw Xn-cn- -dn-bp-¶-Xn-\pw \n-cp-]m-[n-I-am-b,]-cn-an-X-am-b-h-tbbpw A-\m-bm-kw a-\-Ên-em-¡m³ th-n-bm-Wv.

aq-¶m-a-t¯-Xv:e-£ym-À-°-§-sf-¡p-dn- p-Å i-cn-bm-b a-\-\-hpw ]-Z-km-c§-sf Xn-cn- -dn-b-ep-amWv. C-Xn\v Ad-_n `m-jm im-kv-{X-§-fpw A-td-_y³ km-ln- y-hpw hn-im-em-À-°- n-Â a-\-kn-em-t¡--Xp-v.iu-Jm-\n X-sâ D-dp- p \-Zn-¿v F-¶ {K-Ù-¯n-Â ]-d-bp¶-Xv ImWmw: ssZ-hn-I {K-Ùhpw {]-hm-N-I A-[ym-]-\-§fpw A-d-_n-I-fp-sS `m-j \n-b-a-{]-Im-cw a-\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\v `m-jm im-kv-{X-¯n-se Úm-\w Iq-Sn-tb Xo-cp. ]-ZL-S-\ a-\-Ên-em-¡m³ A-d-_n-¡v ]-Z im-kv-{Xhpw ]-Z hn-\ym-k {I-a-hpw hym-I-c-W-im-kv-{Xhpw ]Tn-t¡--Xp-v. A-[n-I `m-j-bn-se kq-£-a-am-b Úm-\-§-Ä A-dn-bm³ hm-¡p-I-fp-sS A-À-°-hn-Imk-s¯ k-w-¼-Ôn- im-kv-{X-hpw `m-jm-\n-b-a-§-f-dn-bm³ `m-jm X-Xz-im-kv-{Xhpw A-\n-hm-cy-amWv. AXv-sIm-v Xs¶ C¯-cw hn-Úm-\n-b-§-fm-Wv K-th-j-W im-kv-{X-§-fn-Â ap³-]- n-bn-Â \n-Â-¡p-¶Xv. Nn-cp-¡w Nn-e ]-Þn-X³am-cp-sS ho-£-W-§-fn-Â Cu ap³-K-W-\m-{I-a-§Ä-¡v A- -c-§-Ä Z-À-in-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. A-d-_n-¡v `m-j i-cnbm-b hn-[- n-Â D-Ä-s¡m-Åm³ `m-jm-Úm-\w A-Xy- m-t]-£n-X-amWv. hn-ip-[ {K-Ù-¯n-sebpw {]-hm-N-Im-[ym-]-\-§-fn-se-bpw D-Ä-km-c-§-Ä Xn-cn- -dn-bm³ `m-j-bp-sS ]Tn-¡-W-sa-¶-Xn-Â kw-i-b-ta-C-Ã Im-c-Ww A-Xn-Â \n-¶m-Wv a-X \n-b-a-§-Ä K-thj-Ww aptJ-\ I-s-¯-s]-Sp-¶Xv.

192

2Kthj-Ww sN-¿p-¶ L-«- n-Â a-\-kn-Â A- -À-eo-\-am-b ap³-[mc-W-tbmsS-tbm {]-tXy-Iam-b X-Xz-§-Ä D-Ä-sImtm k-ao-]n-¡p¶-Xv {i-²n-t¡--Xp-v A§-s\ C-O¡-\p-k-cn- v Jp-À-B³ hn-e-bn-cp-¯m\pw B-{K-l-§-Ä-¡\p-tbm-Pyam-b cq-]-¯n-Â hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡m\pw A-Xn-S-bm¡pw. a-dn- v Nn´-sb Zr-Vo-I-cn- v ]-Z§-sf e-£ym-À-°-§-fn-Â D-]-tbm-Kn- v [m-c-WI-sf am-än- n-cp- m³ X-¿m-dm-th--Xp-v ]q-À-W a-cym-Z-tbm-tSbpw `-b-`-àn-tbm-tS-bpw k-ao-]n- v Jp-À-B-sâ km-chpw e-£yhpw ]q-ÀW-am-bpw D-Ä-sImÅp-I

3 Jp-À-B-\n-se K-thj-Ww ]-Z-§-fn-se km-am-\ym-i-b-§-Ä¡pw {]-tXy-Im-i-b-§-Ä-¡pw hn-cp-²am-bn-¡q-Sm.

hn-ip-²-h-N-\§-sf \n-cp-]m-[n-I-am-bpw ]-cn-an-X-ambpw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. A-À-°w hn- -e-am-h-cp-sX-¶v am-{Xw. C-_v-\p l-P-À X-sâ - m-h-bn-Â ]-d-bp-¶p (im-^n I-À-a-im-kv-{X k-c-Wn-b-\p-k-cn- v h-N-\-§-sf H-¶p-In-Â km-am-\ym-i-b- nepw A-Ã-¦n-Â {]-tXy-tIm-Zy-i- nepw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. A-tX k-a-bw AÀ-°w h-N-\- n-sâ s]m-Xp Xm-Â-]-cy- n-\v XS-Êw \n-Â-¡-cpXv

k-ap-Zm-b-s¯ sam- w k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-I-fm-¡p-Ibpw Xn-I-ª am-À-K-{`w-i-¯n-emWv A-h-sc-¶v hm-Zn-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I, A-{I-a- n-eq-sS Pn-lm-Zn-\v hn-ip-² hN-\w A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶p-v F-¶v hn-i-Zo-I-cn¡pI, -Cua-Xw bp-K-§-Ä-¡p-ap-t¼ \-in- v t]m-bp-«p-¶v hm-Zn-¡p-I F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡ C¯-cw h-N-\§-sf hn- -e-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\v D-Zm-lcW§fmWv.

kXy \ntj[nIfmWv kapZmbw F¦nÂ, Cu JpÀB\pw XncpNcybpw aäp hnÚm\ob§fpw F§s\bmWv

193

kwip²Wmbn bpKm´c§Ä ssIads¸«Xv?!! AXv sImv C¯cw KthjW§Ä hymPamWv.

4 apkvenw ss]XrIs¯ _lpam\n¡pIbpw ]pãns¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿pI. \nÀ®nXamb Nne k¦oÀ®XIfnsemgnsI asäÃm coXn imkv{Xt¯mSpw A\p`mhw ImWn¡pIbpw D]tbmKs¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿pI. k¦oÀ®XIsf ]cnlcn¨v kaqeamb XpSÀamä§Ä DÄsImÅm³ apkvenw kaqlw apt¶m«v h¶n«pv. hymJym\n¨pw ]p\{IaoIcn¨pw AI¶p \nÂ¡p¶hsb CW¡nt¨À¯pw hÀ®n¨pw t\SnsbSp¯ Cusbmcp IÀ½ imkv{X hym]\§fpsS ]cnWnXn kphyàamb ]cythjW§fnÂ \n¶v DcpXncnªXmWv. ]p¯³ Imem\pkrXnbmb coXn imkv{Xw aptJ\ Chsb C\nbpw KthjW hnt[bam¡nbmÂ ]pXnsbmcp ^ew ]pd¯v ht¶¡m³ CSbpv Xm\pw. C¶s¯ Zo\o XXz§sf _es¸Sp¯n Bib§sf kw`mh\ \ÂIn ]p\{IaoIcn¡p¶Xn\v hnt[bam¡pI.

]s£, C¶s¯ ]p\ÀhymJym\§fnÂ ap³KmanIfpsS ]cn{ia§sfbpw DZya§sfbpw hne Ipd¨v ImWn¡p¶ BibmZÀi§sf {i²tbmsS t\m¡n ImtWXmWv. ]qÀÆ kqcnIfpsS A`n{]mbs¸SepIÄ¡v hncp²ambXns\ s]mXp kaql¯n\v hnft¼XnÃ. ]ÞnX·mcpsS \ne]mSpIÄ¡v FXncmb Znhy ktµj§tfmSv A\p`mhw ImWn¡m¯ tIhew Hcp Bibw am{Xambncn¡cpXv.

5 KthjW coXn imkv{X§sf ap³Ignª kw`h hnImk§sf At\zjn¨dnbpI. Nn´bntem Bib¯ntem

194

CSÀ¨ hcmXncn¡emWnXv. At\zjW¯nÂ ]e hmZ§fpw Ahm´c hn`mKamb JhmcnPnsâXmbn«v hcmdpv. hnIeamb Nn´m coXnsb Ipdn¨pÅ At\zjW§Ä F{X \S¯nbmepw A[nIamhnÃ F¶XmWv kXyw.

6 kpNn´bpsS \nÀ½mW¯n\v aq¶v al¯mb Imcy§Ä A\nhmcyamWv. hnip² Znhy ktµjs¯ AdnbpI. Ahsb Adnbm\pÅ coXn imkv{X§sf Xncn¨dnbpI. kmlNcy§sf¡pdn¨v hyàamb [mcWbpmhpI F¶nhbmWh. hN\§fnÂ sXfnhnÃmsX hmZn¡pIbpw kao]n¡m\pÅ coXn imkv{Xs¯ AhKWn¡pIbpw kmlNcy§sf adnIS¶v A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶Xns\ Ipdn¨v t_m[hm\mtIXpv.

7 ImcmKrl§fpsS aXnÂ sI«pIÄ¡nSbnÂ \nt¶m am\knI k½ÀZ§Ä¡nSbntem iàamb AXymkàn aptJ\tbm XoÀ¨bmbpw BibIpg¸§fnÂ Iemin¡pI Xs¶ sN¿pw. ImcWw aXnbmb Nn´tbm Adnbs¸« coXnbnÂ hnZybpsS DÂ]mZ\w \S¯nbnÃ F¶Xp Xs¶. _pJmcn (d) A_q_p¡vd knPnØm³ {]tZis¯ \ymbm[n]\mb Xsâ aI\v Is¯gpXn. \o tIm]nX\mbncns¡ cmfpIÄ¡nSbnÂ XoÀ v IÂ]n¡cpXv. \_n (k) ]dbp¶Xv Rm³ tI«n«pv. Hcp \ymbm[n]³ cv t]À¡nSbnÂ tZiys¸«v sImncns¡ XoÀ v IÂ]n¡cpXv.

tZiyhpw kw{`ahpw Nn´sb Dd¸n¡m³ _p²n iàn¡v Ahkcw \ÂIp¶nÃ F¶Xpw hnZy A`ykn¡p¶Xnsâ \nba§sf ]qÀ®mÀ°¯nÂ \S¯m³ A\phZn¡p¶nÃ F¶XpamWv CXn\pÅ ImcWw. adn¨v a\pjys\

195

k½À±¯nem¡pIbmWnh. ]ns¶§s\ hnip² Znhy ktµjs¯ \Ã cq]¯nÂ KthjWw \S¯pw.

apkvXjv^bnÂ KÊmen (d) ]dbp¶p. \_n (k) ]dbp¶p. Jmfo tZiys¸«v sImncns¡ hn[n ]dbcpXv. Cu {]hmNI hN\w tZymXn¸n¡p¶Xv hn[n¡v XSÊamb ImcW§fnsem¶v tZiyw hcnIsb¶XmWv. bYmÀ°¯nÂ AXv Hcp ImcWaÃ. adn¨#v tZiys¸Spt¼mÄ Nn´m tijn¡v {`wiw kw`hn¡p¶psh¶XmWv ImcWw. hni¡p¶h\pw XShnÂ ]mÀ¸n¡s¸«h\pw thZ\n¡p¶h\pw hn[n¡v hnt[bamhmw. A§s\bmsW¦nÂ tZiys¸SÂ \njn²amIp¶Xv bmYmÀ°yw ]cnKWn¨Ã. AXneS§nb Bibs¯ B{ibn¨mWv.

KÊmen (d) XpScp¶p. tZiys¸Sp¶h\mbncns¡ hn[n ]dbcpXv F¶v \½Ä ]dbmdpÅXv t]mse Nn´m tijnsb \nÀhln¡pIbpw _p²n iànsb XIÀ¨bm¡pIbpw sN¿p¶psh¶Xv ImcWamWv tZiys¸Sens\ \njn²ambhnbnÂ DÄs]Sp¯nbXv. AXnbmb hni v, Zmlw, apdhv ]än¡p¶ thZ\ F¶nhbpw Cu KW¯nÂ s]Sp¶XmWv.

_p²n {`an¸n¡p¶Xv FÃmw icnbmb Nn´m tijnsb \ãs¸Sp¯n Ifbp¶XmWv. am\ÊnI kt¦mNtam tZiytam tXm¶p¶ L«§fnÂ hnÚm\ob§Ä Hcn¡epw DÂ]mZn¸n¡s¸SpIbnÃ.

ImcmKrl§fnÂ sh¨v tXm¶epm¡p¶ Nnt´m±o]Iamb Bib§sf ]cnKWnt¡XnÃ. {]tXyIn¨v X vkodpw e£ymÀ°§fpw AÀ°§fpw

196

I¯epIfpsams¡. AXnt\msSm¸w \nZm\ imkv{X§fpw kmlnXyhpw IÀ½ imkv{X¯nsâ e£yhpaS¡w Adnbm¯hsc kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw KthjWw XnI¨pw A]qÀ®amWv.

8 \· Xn·IÄ hniZoIcn¡p¶ NÀ¨IfnÂ KthjWw IÀ½ imkv{X¯nsâ XXzÚm\§Ä ]qÀ®ambpw hyhtOZn¨v Xncn¨dnªhÀ¡v am{Xw km[n¡p¶p. izmXzn_n ]dbp¶p. {]amW§fmb hN\§fnsf KthjW¯n\v `mjm Úm\hpw hN\§Ä¡pÅns\ \· Xn³aIsf Ipdn¨pÅ ]T\¯n\v CkvemanI aX XXz§Ä hniZmwi§tfmSv IqSn ]qÀ®ambn kzmb¯am¡epw A\nhmcyamWv.

9 CkvemanI IÀ½ \nZm\ imkv{Xs¯ Ipdn¨pw ssZhnI Ncysb Ipdn¨papÅ AÚX Nn´bnse henb CSÀ¨¡v ImcWam¡pw. C¯cw imkv{X imJIÄ a\Ênem¡nbnÃmsb¦nÂ hN\¯n\pw kµÀ`¯n\pw hncp²ambn¯ocpw.

10 {]hmNI PohnX Ncn{X¯n\v \nbXamb KthjW coXnIfpSv. kw`hhnImk§fnÂ \n¶v \nba§Ä ISsªS¡pt¼mÄ ZrXnbnÂ sXämbn A\pam\w \S¯p¶Xpw Xpe\w sN¿p¶Xpw {]hmNIsâ taÂ Ifhv sI«n¨a¡p¶Xv t]msebmWv. Bsc¦nepw \_n (k) Ipdn¨v Ifhv {]Ncn¸n¡p¶psh¦nÂ \cI¯nÂ Ccn¸nSw Hcp¡n sImÅs«. Camw Xsâ _lvdpÂ aploXznÂ ]dbp¶p. CXnsâ ]n¶nÂ henb B]¯v hcm\nSbpv.

BapJw

AÃm-lp-hnsâ hn[n-\nÀW-bm-[n-Im-chpw apkvenw P\-X-Xnsb Im^n-dm-¡epw......................................................................................................................... ...................................................................15

kzlm-_n-I-fpsS Imew sXm«v ssiJv apX-hÃn AÈ-Avdmhn hsc-bpÅ alm `qcn-]£ ]ÞnX al- p-¡-fpsS ImgvN- mSpw k¿nZv JpXzp-_nsâ ho£Whpw X½n-epÅ Xmc-Xayw:............................................................................................................................. ................................................................29

{]hm-N-Isâ AÛp-X-I-c-amb ap¶-dn-bn¸v (aX {`jvS hmZn-bmbn amdnb Bbp-[-sa-Sp¯v càw sNmcn-bp¶ JpÀ-B³ ]ÞnXs\ Ipdn-¨v)...................................................................................................................................... .............................................................31

C-_v-\p A-ºm-kv(d) J-hm-cn-Pp-¡-fp-am-bn B-b-¯n-sâ sXäm-b hn-i-I-e-\- n-Â \-S¯n-b kw-hmZw........................................................................................................................... ...........................................................38

Pmln-en-¿Xpw kw-L-«-\- n-sâ A-\n-hm-cy-X-bpw....................................................................................................49

Zm-dpÂ Ip- vdpw Zm-dpÂ C-Émapw.................................................................................................................. ..................67

ssZhnI hmKvZm\§fpsS AcnIp hXvIcWw...................................................................................... ...................93

hnip² kacw(PnlmZv)............................................................................................................................. .........................103

PnlmZv: `qcn]£ ]ÞnXm`n{]mbhpw k¿nZv JpXp_nsâ Häs¸« ImgvN¸mSpw................................................................................................................................ ..............................................115

XwIo³............................................................................ ........................................................................................ ...................117

cmjv{S k¦Â]w............................................................................................................................. .......................................165

CÉm-anI Nn´m [mc-bn-epÅ hnIr-X-amb cmjv{S k¦Â]hpw Akvldpw CÉm-anI Nn´bpw apt¶m«p sh¡p¶ icn-bmb cmjv{S k¦Â]hpw X½n-epÅ Xmc-Xayw............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................174

CÉmanI ImgvN¸mSnse cmPyhpw Akvldnsâ ImgvN¸mSpw.........................................................................176

cmPykvt\lw lZoknepw hymJymX¡fpsS hniZoIcWhpw......................................................................177

cmPykvt\lw Huenbm¡fpsSbpw kzmenlo§fpsSbpw ho£W¯nÂ.............................................................................................................................. ..........................................180

cmPykvt\lw Úm\nIfnÂ........................................................................................................................ ..................181

cmPykvt\lw IhnIfnepw kmlnXyImc³amcnepw........................................................................... .................181

cmPykvt\l¯nÂ cNn¡s¸« IrXnIfpw kamlmc§fpw............................................................................185

\nba hyhØIÄ............................................................................................................................. ..................................192

pÂ apkvenaq³ apxÂ sfknkv hsc-bpÅ · 2018-03-25 · 3 cjvhm\pÂ apkvenaq³ apxÂ sfknkv hsc-bpÅ...

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