part 1 要點整理 1 1book.sir.com.tw/prvpdf/010ag091111.pdf · 另外有一些字中的w...

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Part 1 要點整理 .......................... 11 Unit 1 單字與詞性 ........................... 13 Unit 2 名詞 ..................................... 135 Unit 3 代名詞 ................................. 155 Unit 4 關係詞 ................................. 173 Unit 5 形容詞 ................................. 193 Unit 6 比較級和最高級 ............... 1111 Unit 7 副詞 ................................... 1125 Unit 8 連接詞 ............................... 1135 Unit 9 冠詞 ................................... 1155 Unit 10 疑問句與附加問句 ......... 1165 Unit 11 介系詞 ............................. 1173 Unit 12 八大詞類與五大基本句型 ......................................... 1189 Unit 13 時態 ................................. 1213 Unit 14 動名詞 ............................. 1229 Unit 15 不定詞 ............................. 1243 Unit 16 語態(被動) ................. 1259 Unit 17 分詞 ................................. 1275 Unit 18 助動詞 ............................. 1289 Unit 19 否定與倒裝 ................. 1309 Unit 20 語氣 ................................. 1323 Unit 21 易混淆動詞 ................. 1333 Unit 22 主詞與動詞一致 ............. 1355 Part 2 生活口語關鍵句 ............... 21 Part 3 公職歷屆用語片語 ........... 31 Part 4 最新試題 .......................... 41

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Part 1 要點整理.......................... 1-1Unit 1 單字與詞性 ...........................1-3Unit 2 名詞 .....................................1-35Unit 3 代名詞 .................................1-55Unit 4 關係詞 .................................1-73Unit 5 形容詞 .................................1-93Unit 6 比較級和最高級 ...............1-111Unit 7 副詞 ...................................1-125Unit 8 連接詞 ...............................1-135Unit 9 冠詞 ...................................1-155Unit 10 疑問句與附加問句 .........1-165Unit 11 介系詞 .............................1-173Unit 12 八大詞類與五大基本句型

     .........................................1-189Unit 13 時態 .................................1-213Unit 14 動名詞 .............................1-229Unit 15 不定詞 .............................1-243Unit 16 語態(被動) .................1-259Unit 17 分詞 .................................1-275Unit 18 助動詞 .............................1-289Unit 19 否定與倒裝 ................. 1-309Unit 20 語氣 .................................1-323Unit 21 易混淆動詞 ................. 1-333Unit 22 主詞與動詞一致 .............1-355

Part 2 生活口語關鍵句 ............... 2-1

Part 3 公職歷屆用語片語 ........... 3-1

Part 4 最新試題.......................... 4-1

1-3Unit 1 單字與詞性

Unit 1 單字與詞性

 音標發音要點

一、母音

[e]:break, gain, sale, weight, obey[æ]:half, apple, cat[ε]:bread, care, bed, friend, guess, say, bury, said[i]:leave, bee, field, fever, receive, people, police[ ]:business, orange, money, zero, movie, sit[u]:food, blue, flew, shoe, group, lose, fruit, fluent[ʊ]:book, put, tour, wolf[o]:toe, coat, both, low, soul[ɔ]:caught, tall, law, broad, cough, soft[ɑ]:knowledge, solve, calm[ʌ]:but, blood, touch, come[ə]:enough, history[ɚ]:teacher, doctor, sugar[ɝ]:learn, bird, prefer, worship, hurt[ɑ ]:die, write, buy, height, guide, shy[ɑʊ]:ground, now[ɔ ]:boy, soy, coy[ɪr]:year, beer, here[εr]:chair, their[ɔr]:storm, dorm, from[or]:door, resource, port, four[ur]:your, poor, sure[ju]:beauty, huge, few[jʊ]:argue, pure

1-4 英 文

二、子音

[b]:rob, cab, pub[d]:do, sudden, played[f]:find, laugh, suffer, telephone[g]:good, ghost[h]:who, high[j]:kick, cloth, soccer, stomach[l]:long, real, call

 [l.]:little, Bible[m]:many, blame, summer

[n]:name, inn, month, connect

 [n.]:button, cotton[p]:pen, public

[r]:red, pair[s]:say, press, society[t]:tow, jumped[v]:five, drive[w]:well, persuade[j]:yes, yearke[z]:zoo, result, puzzle, anxiety[ŋ]:single, uncle[ʃ]:ship, sure, pressure, nation, ocean[tʃ]:church, culture[ʒ]:pleasure, massage[dʒ]:judge, bridge, change, soldier[θ]:thin, thank[ð]:this, father[hw]:why, what[tr]:tree, street[dr]:dress, drive

1-5Unit 1 單字與詞性

[ks]:exercise, experience[gz]:exist, exhaust[kʃ]:luxury, anxious

三、不發音的情況

e 不發音之情況:

:take, make, like s 不發音之情況:

:island, aisle c 不發音之情況:

:muscle l 不發音之情況:

:talk, walk, could, would h 不發音之情況:

:honest, hour k 不發音之情況:

:know, knife u 不發音之情況:

:build, guess t 不發音之情況:

:Christmas, often, listen, fasten字尾 mn 之 n 不發音:

:autumn, column gh 不發音之情況:

:bought, thought, eight, right, taught, high wr~中之 w 不發音之情況。另外有一些字中的 w 亦不發音:

:wrong, write, wrap, answer, sword, knowledge~mb 中字母 b 不發音。~bt 中之 b 不發音:

:comb, tomb, lamb, climb, bomb, doubt, debt四、另外

[t],[d],[ d]之發音:

1-6 英 文

:picked[t],saved[d],handed[ d],wanted[ d][ z]之發音:

:churches, changes, washes, sizes, glasses

 詞類變化要點

名詞字尾之變化:

~tion ~sion ~ment ~ness

~ance ~ence ~ity;~ty ~th

~al ~age ~cy 等…

1-1. fluent (Adj.) ---------------------------- fluency (N.)流暢。

A. Shane speaks fluent English.(宣的英文很流利。)

B. Fluency in English is required for this job in Taiwan and America.(在美國以及台灣找這份工作時,能說一口流利的英文是必要的

。)

1-2. vacant (Adj.) ---------------------------- vacancy (N.)空缺;空位。

A. The room remains vacant.(這房間仍然空著。)

B. IBM company has a vacancy for a computer programmer.(IBM 公司有一個電腦程式設計師缺額。)

1-3. efficient (Adj.) ------------------------- efficiency (N.)效率。

A. He is an efficient salesman.(他是一位有效率的業務員。)

B. These machines have increased our work efficiency.(這些機器提高我們的工作效率。)

1-4. urgent (Adj.) ---------------------------- urgency (N.)緊急;緊急事件。

1-7Unit 1 單字與詞性

A. This is an urgent question.(這是一個緊急的問題。)

B. It’s an urgency.(它是個緊急事件。)

2-1. differ (V.) ------------------------------- difference (N.)不同;差異。

A. We differ from each other.(我們非常不同。)

B. The differences between the couple are their dispositions.(這對夫妻的差異處在他們的性格。)

2-2. obey (V.) -------------------------------- obedience (N.)服從。

A. You must obey your master.(你必須服從你的主人。)

B. It is imperative that soldiers act in obedience to orders.(士兵必須遵守命令行動。)

2-3. depend (V.) ----------------------------- dependence (N.)依賴。

A. Happiness depends on giving.(快樂取決於付出。)

B. I want to reduce my dependence on him.(我要減少對他的依賴。)

2-4. exist (V.) -------------------------------- existence (N.)存在;生存。

A. God exists in our hearts.(上帝存在我們心中。)

B. He doesn’t believe in the existence of gods and ghosts.(他不相信鬼神存在。)

2-5. occur (V.) ------------------------------- occurrence (N.)發生。

A. Earthquakes occur frequently in Taiwan.(台灣常有地震。)

B. The occurrence of storms delayed our flight.(暴風雨的來臨延緩了我們的班機。)

3-1. punish (V.) ------------------------------ punishment (N.)處罰;刑罰。

1-8 英 文

A. Drunk driving should be severely punished.(酒駕應受嚴厲處罰。)

B. The punishment for you is death.(對你處以死刑。)

3-2. move (V.) ------------------------------- movement (N.)行動。

A. Something moves.(有東西在動。)

B. The snake lay there without movement.(蛇靜靜地躺在那裡。)

3-3. entertain (V.) --------------------------- entertainment (N.)娛樂。

A. We were all entertained by Mr. Pig’s jokes.(我們大家對豬哥亮的笑話都很感趣味。)

B. No smoking in all places of public entertainment.(一切公共娛樂場所是禁煙。)

3-4. improve (V.) --------------------------- improvement (N.)改進;改良。

A. We want to improve students’ reading abilities.(我們要提高學生的閱讀能力。)

B. I cannot see any improvement in your study.(我看不出你在學習方面有什麼改進。)

3-5. employ (V.) ----------------------------- employment (N.)僱用;工作。

A. The pachinko center will employ 50 men.(這間柏青哥中心需要僱用五十人。)

B. Amber is looking for employment.(安柏正在找工作。)

3-6. accomplish (V.) -------------------- accomplishment (N.)完成;成就。

A. Betty has accomplished her goals.(貝蒂已完成她的目標。)

B. Publishing that book was quite an accomplishment.(發行那本書是一項相當了不起的成就。)

4-1. anxious (Adj.) -------------------------- anxiety (N.)憂心。

1-9Unit 1 單字與詞性

A. The employees are anxious about their jobs.(上班族對他們的工作感到憂心。)

B. Alan was filled with anxiety about his girl friend.(艾倫為女友憂心忡忡。)

4-2. honest (Adj.) --------------------------- honesty (N.)誠實。

A. Being honest is important.(誠實很重要。)

B. Alan has never doubted his girl friend’s honesty.(艾倫從沒懷疑過他女友的誠實。)

4-3. major (Adj.) ---------------------------- majority (N.)大多數。

A. The major part of the people are VIP members.(大部分的人都是 VIP 會員。)

B. The majority were on Betty’s side.(大多數人都站在貝蒂這一邊。)

4-4. curious (Adj.) -------------------------- curiosity (N.)好奇(心)。

A. Amber is curious about her sister’s new camera.(安柏對他妹的新相機感到好奇。)

B. Alan burned with curiosity over what Betty said.(艾倫急切地想知道貝蒂說什麼。)

4-5. pure (Adj.) ------------------------------ purity (N.)純潔(淨)。

A. The water from the mountain is pure and healthy.(山泉水既純淨又健康。)

B. The purity of love is unconditioned.(純潔的愛是不求回報。)

4-6. electric (Adj.) --------------------------- electricity (N.)電。

A. My friend is teasing my new hair style just looks like an electricshock.(我朋友笑說我的新髮型就像被電擊到一樣。)

B. You can feel the electricity in the crowd to Betty.(你可以感受到群眾對貝蒂的熱情。)

1-10 英 文

4-7. safe (Adj.) ------------------------------- safety (N.)安全。

A. Keep the jewelry in a safe place.(把珠寶放在安全的地方。)

B. We can see that safety in aviation is improving.(我們可以看到航空的安全日益進步中。)

4-8. national (Adj.) -------------------------- nationality (N.)國家的;國籍。

A. National safety is a very important issue.(國家安全是一個很重要的議題。)

B. Sally’s nationality is Taiwanese.(莎莉的國籍是台灣。)

4-9. equal (Adj.) ----------------------------- equality (N.)平等。

A. It’s true that all races are equal.(所有種族都是平等是真的。)

B. Gender equality is getting more attention in our society.(性別平等在現今社會中越來越受到重視。)

5-1. perform (V.) ---------------------------- performance (N.)執行;表演。

A. BBC symphony will perform in the Kaohsiung Cultural Centertonight.(BBC 交響樂團今晚將會在高雄文化中心演出。)

B. The performance begins at 9 o’clock.(表演在 9 點開始。)

5-2. insure (V.) ------------------------------ insurance (N.)保險。

A. Don’t forget to insure your car when you buy it.(買車的時候別忘了要加保險。)

B. Life insurance is getting more and more important.(壽險愈來愈重要。)

5-3. assist (V.) ------------------------------- assistance (N.)幫助;援助。

A. Mrs. Chen assisted some students to study over forty years.(陳女士幫助學生去讀書已超過 40 年。)

B. Your technical assistance in the project is greatly appreciated.

1-11Unit 1 單字與詞性

(您對這個項目的技術援助大受讚賞。)

5-4. endure (V.) ------------------------------ endurance (N.)忍耐(力)。

A. Sa can’t endure him.(沙不能忍受他了。)

B. Marathon race tests a person’s endurance.(馬拉松賽跑考驗人的耐力。)

5-5. resist (V.) ------------------------------- resistance (N.)抵抗(力)。

A. Betty can’t resist his pursuit.(貝蒂無法抵抗他的追求。)

B. My resistance is low so I’m afraid I catch a cold.(我抵抗力不好,所以我怕我感冒了。)

6-1. suggest (V.) ----------------------------- suggestion (N.)建議。

A. The teacher suggested that the student make his own decision.(老師建議他的學生為自己做一個決定。)

B. I broke up with him at his suggestion.(我聽他的建議跟他分手了。)

6-2. operate (V.) ----------------------------- operation (N.)操作;手術。

A. The main engineer operates the machine and explains the functions.(主任工程師操作那台機器並且解說功能。)

B. My mother underwent a major operation last week.(我媽媽上週動了一個大手術。)

6-3. connect (V.) ---------------------------- connection (N.)連接。

A. Internet connects the whole world without distance.(網路連接世界是無遠弗屆的。)

B. The connection of our telephone took us one hour.(我們用了一個小時才接通了電話。)

6-4. explain (V.) ----------------------------- explanation (N.)解釋;說明。

A. Could you explain what this means?(你能說明這是什麼意思嗎?)

B. It needs no explanation.

1-12 英 文

(這無需解釋。)

6-5. translate (V.) ---------------------------- translation (N.)翻譯。

A. Please translate what the international guest said to our audience.(請為我們的觀眾翻譯國際來賓剛才所說的話。)

B. I read the secret in Chinese translation.(我讀過《祕密》的中文版。)

7-1. happy (Adj.) ---------------------------- happiness (N.)快樂;幸福。

A. They seem very happy.(他們似乎很快樂。)

B. Money does not always bring happiness.(金錢並不會總是帶來快樂。)

7-2. kind (Adj.) ------------------------------ kindness (N.)仁慈。

A. My father is very kind.(我的父親很和藹可親。)

B. She did it all out of kindness.(她這樣做完全是出於仁慈之心。)

8-1. carry (V.) -------------------------------- carriage (N.)運輸(費)。

A. THSR carries hundreds of thousands of passengers a day.(台灣高鐵每天運載數十萬乘客。)

B. The driver does not charge much for carriage.(司機只收一點運費。)

8-2. post (V.) --------------------------------- postage (N.)郵寄;郵費。

A. Do you mind posting a package for me?(你能幫我寄個包裹嗎?)

B. The postage for airmail is 17 dollars.(一封航空信的郵資是美金 17 塊。)

8-3. marry (V.) ------------------------------- marriage (N.)結婚。

A. Betty is going to marry Ann.(貝蒂將與安結婚。)

B. People have just heard of his marriage to an heiress.