patel f13 che 1110 ch4 (part 1) .ppt

7/23/2019 Patel F13 CHE 1110 Ch4 (Part 1) .Ppt

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Chapter 3:The Mole: Relating the Microscopic

World of Atoms to Laboratory

Measurements

Brady & Senese 5th

d!


2/24

Mole concept!

"ompare:

# g of $ to # g of %

Which ill ha'e more atoms((Why(() o*ygen b+c it has a higher

atomic number! ach atom of $ eighs ))) 1u

ach atom of % eighs )))) 16u


3/24

What Is a Mole?

Mole: %ne mole is de,ned as the numberof atoms in e*actly #- grams of #-"carbons! !g:

# mole of $ .

# mole of % . # mole /a .

here atomic eight gi'en in Gram AtomicUnits

# mole of element 0 . gram atomic mass of0

1!# The mole con'eniently lin2smass to number of atoms ormolecules

1


4/24

Relationships


3

# Mole of 0 . 4!--1 6 #-1units of 0

This is a con'ersion factor to con'ertbeteen uand g

23

1 g

6.0223 10 u

236.0223 10 u

1 g

atomic mass units (u) grams (g)


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Avogaros "um#er

Avogaros num#er7 ":%ne mole of anysubstance contains the same number ofunits

# mole of 0 . 4!-- 0 #-1units of 0

# mole $ . # mol /a"l .

# mole things .


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Moles: Atoms

5! g Si is ho many moles Si($o many Si atoms(

# mole of Si . -8! gms of Si

0 moles of Si . 5! gms of Si

0 . 9# 5!;+-8!


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Masses Atomic Mass: Weight of an atom in grams

!g! $7 "7 %

Molecular Mass: Weight of a molecule ingrams

!g! $-7 %-7 $-% $ormula Mass: Weight of an ionic compound

in grams! !g! /a"l7 "a9%$;-

Molar Mass: Weight of any substance in

grams


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$ormula Mass %$M& anMolecular Mass%MM&

"alculation of =ram Molecular Mass of'()

MW .

"alculation of =ram >ormula Mass of"aCl

MW .


9/24

Relationships

1 mole

MM g


?

Molar Mass 9MM; g . # mole

@se this as a con'ersion factor tocon'ert beteen these uantities

mole1

gMM

Mass (g) mole


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Converting *et+een Mass anMoles

=i'en that the molar mass of "%-is 33!#g+mol

What mass of "%-is found in #!55 moles(

$o many moles of "%-

are there in # g(

#+33. 5+--


#


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,our -urn!

What is the molar mass of "a19%3;- ing+mol(

"a: 3!8

: 1!?C

%:#4!

A! -C?!-

B! -#5!-#"! 1#!#8

D! /one of these


##


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Mole conversion

What mass in g7 of "a19%3;- 9MM .

1#!#8 g+mol; ould a 1!- molesample ha'e(

A! #! 6 #)1 g

B! ?!? 6 #- g

"! 4! 6 #-4gD! #!4 6 #)-#g

! /one of these


#-


13/24

.earning Chec/: MoleConversions

What is the a'erage mass of one molecule ofcarbon tetrachloride( 9MM of ""l3 is #51!8

g+mol;

#51!8+ 4!--1 6 #-1.-!55*#E-3


#1


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30( Chemical $ormula stoichiometr2

To relate components of a compound to thecompound uantity e loo2 at the chemicalformula

Fn /a-"%1there are 1 relationships:

- mol /a: # mol /a-"%1

# mol ": # mol /a-"%1

1 mol %: # mol /a-"%1

1!- "hemical formulas relateamounts of substances in acompound

#3


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.earning Chec/

"alculate the number of moles of sodium in

-!51 moles of sodium carbonate!

"alculate the number of atoms of sodium in-!51 moles of sodium carbonate!


#5


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,our -urn

"alcium hosphate is idely found in nature

in the form of natural minerals! Fn one case asample is found to contain !843 moles ofphosphorus! $o many moles of "a19%3;-

are in that sample(!31-


#4


17/24

,our -urn!

$o many atoms of iron are in a #5!g sample of iron9FFF; o*ide 9MM #5?!Cg+mol;(

A! #!#1 6 #-1

B! ?!1? 6 #)-

"! 5!44 6 #--

D! #!88 6 #)#

! /one of these


#C


18/24

stimation o4 Mass Ratio


19/24

,our -urn

"hlorophyll the green pigment in lea'es7 has

the formula "55$C-Mg/3%5! Ff !## g of Mg

is a'ailable to plant for chlorophyllsynthesis7 ho many grams of " ill be

reuired to completely use up the Mg(

.!1 g


#?


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5ercent Composition

ercent composition is a list of the masspercent of each element in a compound

/a-"%1is

31!18G /a . total eight of /a+total mass of

compound! 34+#4 * # ##!11G " #-+#4 * #

35!-?G % 38+#4 * #

What is the sum of the percentcomposition of a compound( #G

1!1 "hemical formulas can be determined frome*perimental mass measurements

-


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5ercent Composition:Calculation? What is the G " in "%-( .-C!1 mass o4 element

7 %Mass o4 element8mass o4 +hole sample&9 1

1!1 "hemical formulas can bedetermined from e*perimentalmass measurements

-#


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.earning Chec/

A sample contained !#3#C g nitrogenand !335 g o*ygen! What is thepercentage composition of this

compound(

/ . -5G

%. C5G


--


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,our -urn!

A 15!5 g sample is found to contain-1!5G Si! What is the mass of Sipresent(

A! 4!4- 6 #)#g

B! 8!88 6 ##g

"! #!5# 6 #-g

D! 8!13 g

! /one of these


-1


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Ienti42ing a compoun #aseon composition

"alculate theoretical G composition of /-%3!

1!1 "hemical formulas can bedetermined from e*perimental -3

patel f13 che 1110 ch4 (part 1) .ppt

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