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PROBLEM BASED LEARNING

GENERAL EMERGENCY LIFE SUPPORT 2 - SCENARIO 2

GROUP 6B

Jawaban

Learning

Issues (LI)

LI:

Bantuan

Logisti

Da!a"

B#n$ana

When disaster strikes, causing a humanitarian crisis, the response must be

immediate, appropriate and well organised. This ensures that the suffering of the

greatest number of people is alleviated b the effective deliver of relief. In a

world where natural disasters fre!uentl cause untold devastation and human

suffering, the efforts of ever agenc involved in humanitarian relief are of

paramount importance, and their effectiveness depends heavil on knowing what is

needed and how best to deliver it in a challenging environment, often over long

distances. Information is the most vital commodit in planning an relief effort.

The term "logistics# refers to the procurement, distribution, maintenance, and

replacement of materiel and personnel. $unctions uni!ue to humanitarian logistics

include water and sanitation, radio communications, and construction.

$auvar!ue (%&&&) describes more precisel humanitarian logistics as composed of

si' main activities

ommunications radio, phones, internet, etc.

Transports trucks, cars, planes, cargo, horses, etc.

*ources of energ fuel, batteries, etc.

+ccommodation or !uartering

giene water and sanitation

-rocurement material, food, etc.

*torage warehousing and handling

*hipment staff, food, special fittings, handling material, etc.

Logistics plas a critical role in disaster relief. etting the "right product, to the

right place, at the right time# takes on new meaning when roads, airports, bridges,

and other logistics infrastructure are severel damaged or destroed. The

immediate spike in demand for food, water, clothing, and medical supplies is an

order of magnitude greater than most suppl chains are e!uipped to handle. In

short, disaster relief is a uni!ue and speciali/ed tpe of suppl chain and logistics

problem.umanitarian logistics is a branch of logistics which speciali/es in organi/ing the

deliver and warehousing of supplies during natural disasters or comple'

emergencies to the affected area and people. +lthough the have been mostl

utili/ed in commercial suppl chain, logisticsis one of the most important tools

now in disaster relief operations. Tpe and !uantit of the resources, wa of

procurement and storage of the supplies, tools of tracking and means transportation

to the stricken area, speciali/ation of teams participating in the operation and plan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistics

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of cooperation between these teams, are some important issues that are connected

directl to humanitarianlogistics.

0eveloping logistics warehousing to store all essential goods is one of the tools

utili/ed in disaster response planning. Warehousesshould be designed b taking

precautions for contamination or waste of materials and organi/ed in order to

facilitate deliveries to the desired area at the desired time and !uantities. *uccessful

humanitarian operations also presuppose that distribution centers are located in the

correct area, which is obviousl near the region that tends to be hit b a disaster

and can be indicated through software or mathematical models. The responsible

authorities aim at ma'imi/ation of response and minimi/ation of distribution time,

mone spent and number of distribution centers. oordination of the deliver of

goods, organi/ation of teams, supplies and e!uipment movement is reali/ed b

mobili/ation centers, which are located near the affected region. + wa of taking

precautions before adisasteroccurs, is to organi/e emergenc response plans

which will help preparation and conse!uentl mobili/ation in the time of the

disaster.

+ logistical techni!ue which can improve responsiveness is inventor pre1

positioning. This techni!ue is used for estimating item !uantities re!uired

according to specific safet stock levels and order fre!uenc, or for searching

optimal locations for warehouses usingfacilit location. Logistics is one of the

ma2or tools of disaster preparedness, among surveillance, rehearsal, warning,

andha/ard analsis. 3esides, success and performance in humanitarian relief

chains is ver difficult to measure because of some distinct characteristics that

humanitarian operations have, such as ver unpredictable demand, difficult to

obtain data from operations, unpredictable working environment, lack of incentive

for measurement (due to their non1profit character), ver short lead time and

unknown variables, like geograph, political situation or weather.

Technolog is a ke factor to achieve better results in disaster logistics.

Implementing uptodate information or tracking sstems and using humanitarian

logistics software which can provide real1time suppl chain information,

organi/ations can enhance decision making, increase the !uickness of the relief

operations and achieve better coordination of the relief effort. 3iometrics for

identifing persons or unauthori/ed substances, wireless telecommunications,

media technolog for promoting donations, and medical technologies are somemore aspects of technolog applied in humanitarian operations.

In a disaster conte't, it is of course important to ensure efficient and effective

deliver, such that the appropriate commodities and people reach the victims of the

emergenc (logistic point of view). owever, optimi/ing the logistic performance

re!uires that all the relationships among the actors involved are managed through

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitarianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warehouseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facility_locationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_makinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitarianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warehouseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facility_locationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazard_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_making

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an integrated approach to efficientl and effectivel coordinate inter1organi/ational

performance, eliminate redundanc, and ma'imi/e efficienc along the entire

emergenc suppl chain (suppl chain management point of view). In fact, though

logistics is more focused on moving something or someone from a point of origin

to a destination, suppl chain management mainl focuses on relationships among

the actors that make such movement possible.

4eferensi Line 5. Tabbara. 6778. 9mergenc 4elief Logistics 9valuation of 0isaster

4esponse :odels

http;;architecture.brookes.ac.uk;research;cendep;dissertations;LineTabbara.pdf

+. o//olino. 67%6. umanitarian Logistics and *uppl hain :anagement

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Table referensi

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number

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tpe

Halidit Importance +pplicable

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