peixes
TRANSCRIPT
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AGNATOS
Não possuem mandíbulasCorpo cilíndrico, alongadoEsqueleto cartilaginosoBoca circular (Ciclostomados)Representantes: Peixe bruxa ou
feiticeiras e lampréiasPele lisa – sem escamasSem nadadeiras pares1 ou 2 nadadeiras no dorso e 1 na
cauda.
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PEIXE BRUXA OU FEITICEIRA
MarinhosColoração: rosa-acinzentadoPele secreta mucoVivem semienterrados na lama do
fundo do mar.Capazes de dar nós em si mesmosTentáculos em torno da boca –
sensoriaisUtilidade – pele usada p/ fazer
bolsas, sapatos, etc.
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Crânio cartilaginosoSem vértebrasSustentação – notocordaRespiração – fendas branquiais
Monóicos – 1 sexo funcional
Desenvolvimento direto
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LAMPRÉIAS
Boca circular sem mandíbulasPele lisaMaioria marinhaReprodução – água doce (rios)Adultas- ectoparasitasLíngua dotada de dezenas de
dentículos Glândula salivar – substância
anticoagulante
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Estágio larval – 4 a 5 anosSustentação – notocordaVértebras rudimentaresCrânio cartilaginosoOrifícios branquiais câmaras
branquiais fendas branquiais na faringeReprodução – macho constrói
ninhos (rios) - Fecundação externa - Desenvolvimento indireto
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PEIXES CARTILAGINOSOS (Chondrichthyes)
Esqueleto cartilaginosoGrupos – Elasmobrânquios e Holocéfalos
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Elasmobrânquios
Representantes: tubarões, cações e raias (ou arraias)
Escamas placóides (dentina) – irrigadas por vasos sanguíneos e com terminações nervosas
Escamas recobertas por esmalte (enameloide)
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Esqueleto – crânio com mandíbula e arcos branquiais, coluna vertebral com restos de notocorda e nadadeiras.
Nadadeiras pares e caudal – importante aquisição evolutiva
Intestino – válvula espiral Órgãos sensoriais – linha lateral (percepção
de longa distância), ampolas de Lorenzini (percepção de sinais elétricos emitidos pela atividade muscular de suas presas).
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Reprodução – sexos separados, fecundação interna e desenvolvimento direto.
Há espécies ovíparas, ovovivíparas e vivíparas.
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OSTEÍCTES
Esqueleto ósseo Classes - actinopterígios - Sarcopterígios Escamas - mobilidade e velocidade - Epiderme com
glândulas produtoras de muco (diminui atrito com a água)
Nadadeira caudal – impulso e velocidade
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Classe actinopterígios
Boca frontalBrânquias protegidas por opérculosIntestino sem válvula espiralNão apresentam cloaca: ânus e orifício
genital.Sistema nervoso -encéfalo e medula
espinal. - Linha lateral - Olfato - Visão variável
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Linha lateral
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Bexiga natatória e flutuação
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Respiração
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Circulação
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Sarcopterígios
Nadadeiras pares lobadas – carnosas com eixo ósseo dotado de musculatura
Respiração branquial e com órgão respiratório ligado à faringe (peixes pulmonados)
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