pengaruh kehalusan bahan dan lama ekstraksi terhadap mutu ekstrak temulawak

7/25/2019 Pengaruh Kehalusan Bahan Dan Lama Ekstraksi Terhadap Mutu Ekstrak Temulawak

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PENGARUH KEHALUSAN BAHAN DAN LAMA EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP MUTU

EKSTRAK TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorria Rox!" Ba#$m Br% S$m!irin#& Ma mun 'an

E'i Imanu$ Gintin# Baai P$n$itian Tanaman )!at 'an Aromati* ABSTRAK P$n$itian

+$n#aruh *$hau,an !ahan 'an ama $*,tra*,i t$rha'a+ mutu $*,tra* t$mua-a* t$ah

'ia*u*an 'i La!oratorium P$n#u.ian Baittro& 'ari !uan Mar$t ,am+ai M$i /001% Tu.uan+$n$itian ini a'aah untu* m$m$+$a.ari +$n#aruh *$hau,an !ahan 'an ama $*,tra*,i

t$rha'a+ mutu $*,tra* t$mua-a* 2an# 'iha,i*an% Rancan#an 2an# 'i#una*an a'aah

Rancan#an Aca* L$n#*a+ 3a*toria '$n#an 'ua uan#an% P$ra*uan t$r'iri 'ari / 4a*tor&

+$rtama a'aah *$hau,an !ahan (50 'an 10 m$,h" ,$'an#*an *$'ua a'aah ama $*,tra*,i (5&

1 'an 6 .am"% Ha,i +$n$itian m$nun.u**an !ah-a *$hau,an !ahan !$r+$n#aruh t$rha'a+

r$n'$m$n& *a'ar min2a* at,iri& *a'ar *ur*umin 'an *a'ar xanthorio $*,tra* t$mua-a*%

S$'an#*an ama $*,tra*,i !$r+$n#aruh t$rha'a+ r$n'$m$n% Ka'ar *ur*umin t$rtin##i /&667

2an# 'iha,i*an 'ari *$hau,an !ahan 50 m$,h& ,$'an#*an *a'ar xantorio 85&/97 2an#

'i+$ro$h 'ari *$hau,an !ahan 10 m$,h% Kata *unci : Curcuma xanthorria& ,im+i,ia&

$*,tra*,i& mutu $*,tra* ABSTRACT Th$ In4u$nc$ )4 Th$ Partic$ Si$ An' L$n#th )4

Extraction )n Th$ ;i$' An'


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+ati& *ur*uminoi' 'an min2a* at,iri (Si'i* $t a%& 89"% 3ra*,i +ati m$ru+a*an *om+on$n

t$r!$,ar 'aam rim+an# t$mua-a*% Pati !$r!$ntu* ,$r!u* !$r-arna +utih *$*unin#an *ar$na

m$n#an'un# ,$'i*it *ur*uminoi' ,$rta m$mii*i ,i4at mu'ah 'ic$rna ,$hin##a 'a+at

'i#una*an ,$!a#ai !ahan cam+uran ma*anan !a2i mau+un untu* +$n#$nta ,iru+%

P$ncam+uran +ati t$mua-a* '$n#an +ati ,$r$ia 'aam +$m!uatan roti 'a+at m$n#uran#i,i4at !a,i 'ari +ro'u* 2an# 'iha,i*an (H$rman 'an Atih Sur2ati& 869"% Kur*uminoi'

m$ru+a*an *om+on$n 2an# 'a+at m$m!$ri -arna *unin# 'an at ini 'i#una*an ,$!a#ai at

-arna 'aam in'u,tri +an#an 'an *o,m$ti*% 3ra*,i *ur*uminoi' 2an# t$r'a+at +a'a

t$mua-a* t$r'iri 'ari 'ua *om+on$n& 2aitu *ur*umin 'an '$,m$to*,i*ur*umin% M$nurut

Sinam!$a (869" *ur*umin m$m+un2ai ,i4at *o$*n$,i, 2aitu 'a+at m$nin#*at*an +ro'u*,i

'an ,$*r$,i $m+$'u% S$ain +ati 'an *ur*uminoi'& t$mua-a* .u#a m$n#an'un# min2a* at,iri

2an# 'a+at 'i#una*an untu* +$n#o!atan& !um!u& *o,m$ti* 'an +$-an#i (Si'i* $t a%& 89"%

Untu* tu.uan $*,+or *a'ar min2a* at,iri 'aam t$mua-a* minima 9&007 (MMI& 8/"%

Rim+an# t$mua-a* 'a+at 'iman4aat*an ,$!a#ai anti in4ama,i& *oa?#o#a&

i+o*o$,t$ro$mi*& anti !a*t$ri& anti .amur& 'iur$ti*& anti tumor 'an m$n#o!ati .$ra-at%

Tu.uan +$n$itian a'aah untu* m$n#$tahui +$n#aruh *$hau,an !ahan 'an ama $*,tra*,i

t$rha'a+ mutu $*,tra* t$mua-a*% Dihara+*an a*an 'i+$ro$h *om!ina,i +$ra*uan 2an#

o+tima untu* m$n#ha,i*an $*,tra* t$mua-a* 2an# !$r*uaita, ,$!a#ai !ahan o!at aami%

BAHAN DAN MET)DE P$n$itian 'ia*,ana*an 'i La!oratorium P$n#u.ian Baai

P$n$itian Tanaman R$m+ah 'an )!at& 'ari !uan Mar$t ,am+ai '$n#an M$i /009%

T$mua-a* 'i+$ro$h 'ari In,taa,i P$n$itian Su*amu2a& Su*a!umi% Bahan *imia 2an#

'i#una*an a'aah -at$r 4or HP? LC& m$thano HPLC #ra'$& a*oho untu* anai,i, !ahan

a*ti4 $*,tra* 'an !ahan *imia ainn2a untu* anai,i, +ro*,imat% S$'an#*an +$raatan 2an#

'i#una*an a'aah tam+ah& +i,au& #in'$r& a2a*an& $*,tra*tor& *ain ,arin#& *$rta, ,arin#&$>a+orator& HPLC 'an GS% Rim+an# t$mua-a* 'icuci& 'itiri,*an au 'iiri,?iri, ,$t$!a 1?

mm *$mu'ian 'i*$rin#*an m$n##una*an aat +$n#$rin# (!o-$r" ,am+ai *$rin# (,im+i,ia

'a+at 'i+atah*an"% S$t$ah *$rin# ,im+i,ia 'i#iin# *$mu'ian 'ia2a* ,$hin##a 'i+$ro$h

,$r!u* t$mua-a* u*uran 50 'an 10 m$,h% S$an.utn2a ma,in#?ma,in# ,$r!u* 'i$*,tra*

,$ama 5& 1 'an 6 .am '$n#an m$n##una*an +$arut a*oho 07& *$mu'ian 'i!iar*an ,$ama

/5 .am% S$t$ah 'i!iar*an /5 .am $*,tra* t$r,$!ut 'i,arin#% S$t$ah 'i,arin# 'i+$ro$h 4itrat

2an# *$mu'ian 'iua+*an ,$hin##a 'iha,i*an 95

Ba#$m Br% S$m!irin# $t a%& : P$n#aruh K$hau,an Bahan 'an Lama E*,tra*,i t$rha'a+

Mutu E*,tra* T$mua-a* (Curcuma xanthorria Rox!%" $*,tra* *$nta% Anai,i, *ara*t$ri,ti*

mutu ,im+i,ia t$mua-a* m$i+uti *a'ar air& *a'ar min2a*& *a'ar a!u& *a'ar ,ari air& *a'ar

,ari a*oho& *a'ar *ur*umin 'an *a'ar xanthorio% Untu* mutu $*,tra* 'ia*u*an anai,i,

*ur*u?min m$n##una*an m$to'$ HPLC 'an *a'ar min2a* $*,tra* '$n#an cara +$n2uin#an

,$ama 1 .am% S$an.utn2a min2a* 2an# 'iha,i*an 'ianai,i, *a'ar xanhtorion2a '$n#an

m$n##una*an aat #a, *romato#ra4i% Anai,i, #a, 'ia*u*an '$n#an m$n##una*an aat Ga,

*romato#ra4i Hitachi /1?0 2an# 'i$n#*a+i '$n#an '$t$ctor ioni,a,i n2aa 'an *oom

*a+i$r /9 m x 0&/9 mm% 3a,$ 'iam 2an# 'i+a*ai a'aah Car!o-ax 'an 4a,$ #$ra* nitro#$n%

Suhu *oom 'i+ro#ram 'ari 10?/00FC '$n#an *$c$+atan 0&0F Cm$nit% Suhu in.$ctor //0FC

'an ,uhu '$t$ctor /90FC% oum$ contoh 2an# 'iin.$*,i*an 0&5 % Ta!$ 8% Kara*t$ri,ti*mutu ,im+i,ia t$mua-a* Ta!$ 8%


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Kara*t$ri,ti* Charact$ri,tic Rancan#an +$rco!aan 2an# 'i#una*an a'aah rancan#an Aca*

L$n#*a+ 3actoria '$n#an 'ua uan#an 'an ma,in#?ma,in# anai,i,n2a 'ia*u*an 'u+o%

3a*tor +$rtama a'aah *$hau,an !ahan 2an# t$r'iri 'ari / tara4 2aitu 50 'an 10 m$,h 'an

4a*tor *$'ua a'aah ama $*,tra*,i 2an# t$r'iri 'ari ti#a tara4 2aitu 5& 1 'an 6 .am% HASIL

DAN PEMBAHASAN Kara*t$ri,ti* mutu ,im+i,ia t$mua-a* Dari ha,i anai,i, mutu,im+i,ia 'iha,i*an !ah-a ,im+i,ia 2an# 'i#una*an m$m$nuhi ,tan'ar mutu (Ta!$ 8"%

R$n'$m$n $*,tra* t$mua-a* T$ah 'ia*u*an $*,tra*,i t$rha'a+ ,$r!u* t$mua-a* !ai*

u*uran 50 mau+un 10 m$,h ,$,uai '$n#an +$ra*uan% Ha,i anai,i, Ana2,i, Stan'ar Mutu

ita, $*,tra*,i%U*uran !ahan 2an# ,$,uai a*an m$n.a'i*an +ro,$, $*,tra*,i !$ran#,un# '$n#an !ai* 'an

ti'a* m$ma*an -a*tu 2an# ama% Ka'ar *ur*umin Ha,i anai,i, *$ra#aman m$nun.u**an

!ah-a +$n#aruh int$ra*,i antara *$hau,an !ahan '$n#an ama $*,tra*,i ti'a* !$r!$'a n2ata

t$rha'a+ *a'ar *ur*umin $*,tra* t$mua-a* 2an# 'iha,i*an% Ha,i +$n#amatan

m$nun.u**an *a'ar *ur*umin 2an# t$r'a+at 'aam $*,tra* t$mua-a* !$r*i,ar antara 8&5

/&667% Ka'ar *ur*umin t$rtin##i 'iha,i*an 'ari *$hau,an !ahan 50 m$,h 'an ama

$*,tra*,i 5 .am (Ta!$ /"% Ta!$ /% P$n#aruh *$hau,an !ahan 'an ama $*,tra*,i t$rha'a+

r$n'$m$n $*,tra* t$mua-a*& *a'ar min2a* 'an *a'ar xanthorio Ta!$ /% Th$ $44$ct o4

+artic$ ,i$ an' 'uration o4 $xtraction on th$ 2i$'& curcumin cont$nt& oi cont$nt an'

xanthorio cont$nt o4 $xtract K$hau,an !ahan (m$,h" Partic$ ,i$ Lama $*,tra*,i (.am"

Duration o4 $xtraction (hour" 50 5 1 6 10 5 1 6 R$n'$m$n $*,tra* Extract 2i$' 81&19 $ 0&1

! /& c //&5 ' /&5 a 0&6/ ! rut 'an ,$ma*in !$,ar *$c$+atan Ka'ar *ur*umin

Curcumin cont$nt /&66 a 8& ! 8&9 ! /&1 a 8&69 ! 8&5 c Ka'ar min2a* )i cont$nt &0 a

85& 4 86&5 $ /6&00 ! //&51 ' /5& c Ka'ar @anthorio @anthorio cont$nt &09 c &5 !

&01 c 85&/8 a 85&8 a 85&/9 a K$t$ran#an : An#*a 2an# 'ii*uti huru4 2an# ,ama +a'a *oom

2an# ,ama ti'a* !$r!$'a n2ata +a'a tara4 87 DMRT% Not$ : Num!$r, 4oo-$' !2 th$ ,am$

$tt$r in th$ ,am$ coumn ar$ not ,i#ni4icant2 'i44$r$nt at 87 $>$ o4 DMRT S$ma*in ama

-a*tu $*,tra*,i& ,$?ma*in *$ci *a'ar *ur*uminn2a% Ha 91


4/5

9 Ba#$m Br% S$m!irin# $t a%& : P$n#aruh K$hau,an Bahan 'an Lama E*,tra*,i t$rha'a+

Mutu E*,tra* T$mua-a* (Curcuma xanthorria Rox!%" ini *$mun#*inan *ur*umin 'a+at

t$r$*,tra* +a'a taha+ a-a $*,tra*,i& ,$'an#*an untu* ,$an.utn2a 2an# muncu a'aah

,$n2a-a ain !u*an *ur*umin% D$mi*ian .u#a '$n#an *$hau,an !ahan& ,$ma*in hau, ,$r!u*

2an# 'i#una*an ma*a ,$?ma*in *$ci *a'ar *ur*uminn2a% K$a?rutan *ur*umin 'aama*oho r$n'ah% Ka'ar min2a* at,iri Ha,i 'ari +$n2uin#an 'i+$ro$h *a'ar min2a* at,iri

2an# t$r'a+at 'aam $*,tra* t$mua-a* !$r*i,ar antara 85& &07% Ha,i u.i ,tati,ti*

m$nun.u**an !ah-a *$hau,an !ahan !$r+$n#aruh t$rha'a+ r$n'$m$n min2a* 2an#

'iha,i*an& ,$'an#*an ama $*,tra*,i ti'a* !$r+$n#aruh% S$ma*in hau, !ahan 2an#

'i#una*an ma*a ,$ma*in *$ci r$n'$m$n min2a* 2an# 'iha,i*an *ar$na t$r.a'i +$n#ua+an

min2a*% Ha ini *$mun#*inan min2a* 2an# t$r'a+at 'i'aamn2a m$n#ua+ *ar$na .arin#an

!ahan ,$ma*in ua,% Ka'ar min2a* at,iri 2an# 'iha,i*an 'ari *$hau,an !ahan 50 m$,h

a'aah &07& ,$'an#*an 2an# 10 m$,h a'aah /6&007 (Ta!$ /"% Ka'ar xanthorio Ha,i

anai,i, *$ra#aman m$nun.u**an !ah-a *$hau,an !ahan !$r+$n#aruh n2ata t$rha'a+ *a'ar

xanthorio $*,tra* t$mua-a*& ,$'an#*an ama $*,tra*,i ti'a* !$r+$n#aruh% S$ma*in hau,

!ahan 2an# 'i#una*an& ,$ma*in tin##i *a'ar xanthorio 2an# 'iha,i*an (Ta!$ /"% Ka'ar

xanthorio t$rtin##i 'iha,i*an 'ari *$hau,an !ahan 10 m$,h 2aitu 85&/97 'an t$r*$ci 'ari

*$hau,an !ahan 50 m$,h 2aitu &57% @anthorio m$ru+a*an *om+on$n *ha, 'aam

min2a* at,iri t$mua-a*% Kom+o,i,i min2a* at,iri t$mua-a* ti'a* ,$au ,ama 'i,am+in#

4a*tor *$hau,an !ahan ma*a umur tanaman& t$m+at tum!uh& t$*ni* i,oa,i 'an t$*ni*

anai,i, ainn2a .u#a m$m+$n#aruhi *a'ar xantorio 2an# 'iha,i*an% M$nurut Sirait (869"

*a'ar xantorio t$rtin##i 'iha,i*an 'ari min2a* at,iri rim+an# t$mua-a* umur 8/ !uan%

S$ama +$n2arin#an t$r.a'i +$n#ua+an min2a* at,iri t$rutama !a#ian!a#ian 4ra*,i rin#an%

S$m$ntara xanthorixo m$ru+a*an 4ra*,i !$rat 2an# ti'a* mu'ah m$n#ua+ +a'a ,uhu *amar%KESIMPULAN 8% Sim+i,ia t$mua-a* 2an# 'i#una*an ,$!a#ai !ahan $*,tra*,i m$m$nuhi

,tan'ar mutu% /% K$hau,an !ahan 'an ama $*,tra*,i !$r+$n#aruh t$rha'a+ r$n'$m$n

$*,tra*% R$n'$m$n $*,tra* t$rtin##i a'aah /&57 'an t$r*$ci 81&197% % K$hau,an !ahan

!$r+$n#aruh t$rha'a+ *a'ar *ur*umin& *a'ar min2a* 'an *a'ar xantorio $*,tra*

t$mua-a*& ,$'an#*an ama $*,tra*,i ti'a* !$r+$n#aruh% 5% Ka'ar *ur*umin t$rtin##i a'aah

/&667 'an *a'ar min2a* at,irin2a &07 2an# ma,in#?ma,in# 'iha,i*an 'ari *$hau,an

!ahan 50 m$,h% 9% Ka'ar xanthorio t$rtin##i a'aah 85&/97 2an# 'iha,i*an 'ari *$hau,an

!ahan 10 m$,h% DA3TAR PUSTAKA Bom!ar'$i& E%& 88% T$chnoo#i$, 4or Proc$,,in# o4

M$'icina Pant,& in th$ M$'icina Pant in'u,tr2& CRC Pr$,,& 3ori'a& USA% +% 69?6 9

1 BPS& /00% Stati,ti*a P$rtanian% a*arta In'on$,ia% 8/ ha% H$rman 'an Atih Sur2ati& 869%

B$r!a#ai macam +$n##unaan t$mua-a* 'aam ma*anan 'an minuman% Pro,i'in#

Sim+o,ium Na,iona T$mua-a*% Uni>$r,ita, Pa.a.aran% Ban'un#% ha% 861?85 H$ath& HB

'an G% R$in$ociu,& 861% 3a>or Ch$mi,tr2 an' T$chnoo#2& Th$ AI& Pu!i,hin# Co% Inc&

W$,t+ort& Conn$cticut% /59 +% htt+:---%,uaram$r'$*a%com% $'i,i /5 No>$m!$r /005%

E*,+or T$mua-a* In'on$,ia Tahun /00% 8 ha MMI (Mat$ria M$'i*a In'on$,ia"& 8%

ii' III% D$+art$m$n K$,$hatan R$+u!i* In'on$,ia% a*arta% 81 ha% Si'i*& Mo$2ono M%W%

'an Ahma' Muhta'i& 89% T$mua-a* (Curcuma xanthoria"% ;a2a,an P$n#$m!an#an )!at

Bahan Aam Ph2to M$'ica% /00 ha% Sinam!$a& am$,& 869% 3itot$ra+i& 3ito,tan'ar 'ariT$mua-a*% Pro,i'in# S2m+o,ium Na,iona T$mua-a*% Uni>$r,ita, Pa.a.aran% Ban'un#%


5/5

/6 ha% Sirait& M% Mo$,'ar,ono& A% Gana Nor& K%M%& 869% P$m$ri*,aan *a'ar @anthorio

'aam Curcuma xanthoria Ro!x% Sim+o,ium Na,iona T$mua-a* tan##a 8?86 S$+t$m!$r

869 Ban'un#% L$m!a#a P$n$itian Uni>$r,ita, Pa'.a.aran% ha% 6/?65% Sur2an'ari& S%& 868%

P$n#am!ian )$or$,in ah$ '$n#an cara So>$nt $xtraction% BBIHP% Bo#or% 89 ha%

i.$,$*$ra& R%)%B%& 88% Pant D$ri>$' M$'icin$, an' Th$ir Ro$ In Go!a H$ath& In Th$M$'icina In'u,tr2& CRC Pr$,,& 3ori'a% USA% +% 8?6 96

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