perception of leadership in mediterranean countries
TRANSCRIPT
Javier San Martin
PERCEPTION OF LEADERSHIP IN
MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES
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Objectivesours
e
• Highlight the significance of other cultures’
expectations in topics like leadership vs
authority.
• Increase your knowledge of and give insight
into the importance of your own culture in
determining our behaviour in such areas like
superior-subordinate coordination.
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Rela
tive f
req
uency
Mean distribution
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• American ?
What would the Captain of an ocean
liner say if his ship would have to be
abandoned, if he was...
• British ?
• German ?
• Indian ?
• French ?
• Dutch or Swedish ?
• Italian or Belgium ?
“It’s a Challenge !!!”
“It’s the sporting thing to do…”
“It’s the right procedure…”
“If we don’t jump we’ll lose face…”
“It’s a matter of honour…”
“Let’s sit down and talk about it…”
“It’s forbidden to jump…”
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"The art of
leadership is
saying no,
not saying yes.
It is very easy to say
yes.“
Tony Blair
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... the meaning of leader according to .....ourse
a person who rules, guides, or inspires others. (Collins Dictionary)
qui occupe la premièreplace (Larousse)
pessoa que exerce influência sobreo comportamento, pensamento ouopinião dos outros.(Dicionário
Priberam da Língua Portuguesa)
persona a la que un grupo sigue, considerándole el jefe. (RAE dictionary)
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Leadership in
Mediterranean
european countries
is associated to…
• authority.
• keep everything under tight control.
• inspect the subordinate performance permanently.
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Leadership in
northern european
countries is
associated to…
• take responsibility.
• be assertive (not in all)
• show charisma.
• being at the wheel!!
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Perception
10
.
Power distance in Europe
0 - 20
21 - 40
41 - 60
61 - 80
81 - 100
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20 30 40 50 6010 70 80 % Percentage in agreement
Manager's role varies across cultures
Great Britain
SwedenNetherlands
USADenmark
Switzerland
Belgium
Germany
France
Italy
Indonesia
Japan
17
18
23
27
38
44
46
53
66
73
78
10
17
18
23
27
38
44
46
53
66
73
78
“ It is important for a manager
to have at hand precise answers to
most of the questions that his
subordinates may raise about
their work ”
Source: André Laurent
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Implications in the
business
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• decisive.
• local hero.
• selling the decision in a consultative way.
• in control.
The effective boss in Anglosaxon
countries:
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• highly visible.
• giving clear direction
• “people respect what you inspect” yet resist inspection.
• selling the decision in a consultive way.
• in control.
• protection of your honour.
The effective boss in Mediterranean
countries :
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• mutual adaptation.
• formulation of objectives and targets.
• allow for strict accountability
• provide communication during process.
The coordination in Anglosaxon
countries is based on:
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• direct supervision.
• informal/friendly inspections
• be clear in your mandate.
• selling the decision in a consultive way.
• in control.
• “Noblesse oblige”
The coordination in Mediterranean
countries is based on:
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• superior and subordinate come together
to discuss in an open way.
• the objectives the subordinate has to realise
in a certain period of time.
• later on, they come together to see to which degree the
subordinate has realized the objectives and then, they
review if they have to be adjusted.
The favourite management
technique in Anglosaxons countries:
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• superior and subordinate come together to discuss in an
open way.
• the objectives the subordinate has to realise in a certain
period of time.
• later on, they come together to see to which degree the
subordinate has realized the objectives
• and then, they review if they have to be adjusted.
The favourite management
technique in Anglosaxons countries:
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• superior and subordinate come together to discuss in an
open way.
• the objectives the subordinate has to realise in a certain
period of time.
• later on, they come together to see to which degree the
subordinate has realized the objectives
• and then, they review if they have to be adjusted.
....this is...
The favourite management
technique in Anglosaxons countries:
Management by
Objectives
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The favourite management technique in
Anglosaxons countries:
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• superior and subordinate come together to discuss in an
open way.
....this is...
The favourite management
technique in Anglosaxons countries:
Unreal in Med countries!!!!
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Thailand’s Prime Minister Chuan Leekpai (left) with
King
Bhumibol Adulyadej at the Royal Palace in Bangkok
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Communication implications
Decentralized, matrix Centralized, line
PDI-
PDI+
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Communication implications
Decentralized, matrix Centralized, line
PDI-
PDI+
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Perception
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UK35
0 20 40 60 80 100
PDI
IDV
11 100
20 89
Score differences in Europe
UK89
Portugal63
Portugal27
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Cultural bias
• What is like our own culture is normal
and good.
• What is different from our on culture is
abnormal and bad.
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Example: the Ebola outbreak(Spain vs USA)
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• were able to identify ‘best business
practices’ everywhere.
• were able to translate those practices into
the local cultures.
What we can do is the training
of managers who.....
Success!
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