PERENCANAAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16000 DWT DENGAN

KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE

PELABUHAN TANJUNG PERAK SURABAYA – PELABUHAN

TRISAKTI BANJARMASIN

SKRIPSI

GILANG PRIAMBADA RAMADHAN

NRP : 1510313028

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PERKAPALAN

2019

PERENCANAAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16000 DWT DENGAN

KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE PELABUHAN TANJUNG PERAK

SURABAYA – PELABUHAN TRISAKTI BANJARMASIN

SKRIPSI

Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar

Sarjana Teknik

GILANG PRIAMBADA RAMADHAN

1510313028

UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL “VETERAN” JAKARTA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PERKAPALAN

2019

PERANCANGAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16.000 DWT

DENGAN KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE SURABAYA –

BANJARMASIN

Gilang Priambada Ramadhan

Abstrak

Kapal kargo curah atau kapal bulker adalah kapal untuk dagang yang dirancang

untuk mengangkut kargo curah atau tanpa kemas. Dikatakan curah karena cara

meletakkan muatan dengan cara mencurahkan/menuangkan butiran/biji-bijian.

seperti contoh batu bara, semen, biji-bijian, bijih logam, dan sebagainya di dalam

rongga-rongga kargo yang terpisah. Pada penelelitian ini direncanakan desain

lambung kapal. Ukuran utama kapal didapatkan dengan metode regresi yang

didasarkan pada data kedua kapal pembanding dari Bereau Veritas untuk

mendapatkan ukuran utama yang kemudian dilakukan pembuatan rencana garis,

rencana umum, analisis hidrostatik, analisa stabilitas dan analisa. Dan dihasilkan

ukuran utama kapal rancangan, yaitu dengan panjang kapal keseluruhan ( LOA ) = 135,86 , panjang kapal (LPP)= 127.34m , Lebar kapal (B)= 22,028m, Tinggi kapal (H) = 11,41m Sarat kapal (T) = 8,45m Kecepatan Kapal (Vd)= 13 knot

Kata Kunci : Kapal bulk carrier, Kargo curah, Ukuran utama

vi

DESIGN OF 16,000 DWT BULK CARRIER SHIP WITH

SPEED OF 13 KNOT ROUTES SURABAYA – BANJARMASIN

Gilang Priambada Ramadhan

Abstract

Bulk cargo ships or bulker vessels are trading vessels designed to transport bulk

cargo or without containers. It is said to be bulk because of how to put the load by

pouring / pouring grain / grain. such as coal, cement, seeds, metal ores, etc. in

separate cargo cavities. In this study planned the hull design of the ship. The main

size of the vessel is obtained by a regression method based on the data of the two

comparison vessels from Bereau Veritas to obtain the main size which is then

carried out by making a line plan, general plan, hydrostatic analysis, stability

analysis and analysis. And produced the main size of the design ship, namely with

the overall length of the ship (LOA) = 135.86, the length of the ship (LPP) =

127.34m, the width of the ship (B) = 22.028m, height of ship (H) = 11.41m

Loaded ship (T) = 8,45m Ship Speed (Vd) = 13 knots

Keywords: Bulk carrier ship, bulk cargo, main size

vii

viii

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan Rahmat dan

Hidayah-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan proposal skripsi dengan judul

“PERANCANGAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16.000 DWT DENGAN

KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE PELABUHAN TANJUNG PERAK SURABAYA –

PELABUHAN TRISAKTI BANJARMASIN”, ucapan terimakasih terutama kami

tunjukan kepada :

1. Bapak Jooned Hendrarsakti, Ph.D selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas

Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta

2. Bapak Purwo Joko Suranto, ST, MT selaku Kepala Program Studi Teknik

Perkapalan Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta

3. Bapak Drs. Bambang Sudjasta, ST, MT selaku dosen pembimbing 1 atas ilmu,

masukan serta satan yang bermanfaat dan selalu sabar dalam proses

membimbing.

4. Bapak Ir. Amir Marasabessy, MT selaku dosen pembimbing 2 atas ilmu,

masukan serta satan yang bermanfaat dan selalu sabar dalam proses

membimbing.

5. Kedua Orang Tua yang selalu memberikan semangat dan masukan masukan

serta motivasi untuk membuat proposal skripsi ini, serta semua orang yang

sayang terhadap penulis.

6. Abang, Adik serta Teman Angkatan 2015 MARITIM yang selalu

menyemangati dan menghibur serta semua pihak yang telah membantu baik

secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam penulisan proposal skripsi ini

Penulis Menyadari bahwa Proposal Skripsi Perancangan Kapal ini masih banyak

terdapat kekurangan dari segi penyajian materi maupun sistematika penulisan yang

disebabkan keterbatasan penulis sebagai manusia.

ix

Semoga Proposal Skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi penulis dan rekan-

rekan Mahasiswa Perkapalan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pembangunan Nasional

“Veteran” Jakarta.

Jakarta, 1 Agustus 2019

Penulis

Gilang Priambada Ramadhan

x

DAFTAR ISI

PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ............................................................................ ii

PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ...................................................... iii

PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING............................................................................... iv

PENGESAHAN PENGUJI ........................................................................................ v

ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ vi

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. vii

KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................. viii

DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. x

DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... xv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. xvii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. xxi

DAFTAR NOMENKLATUR .................................................................................... xxii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 2

1.3. Tujuan Penulisan ..................................................................................... 3

1.4. Ruang Lingkup ........................................................................................ 3

1.5. Jenis Kapal Dan Muatan Yang Diangkut ................................................ 3

1.6. Sistematika Penulisan .............................................................................. 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Perkembangan Kapal Bulk Carrier ............................................................ 5

2.2 Karakteristik Kapal Bulk Carrier .............................................................. 5

2.3 Jenis Bulk Carrier ...................................................................................... 7

2.4 Jarak Jelajah .............................................................................................. 8

2.5 Data Pelabuhan .......................................................................................... 8

2.5.1 Tanjung Perak Surabaya ............................................................... 8

2.5.2 Trisakti Banjarmasin ..................................................................... 11

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2.6 Formula Dan Teori Perancangan ............................................................... 13

BAB III METODE PERANCANGAN

3.1 Metode Penelitian ....................................................................................... 15

3.2 Diagram Alur Perancangan ........................................................................ 16

3.2.1 Tujuan Perencanaan Kapal ........................................................... 17

3.2.2 Tinjauan Umum Perancangan ....................................................... 17

3.2.3 Perancangan Awal ......................................................................... 17

3.2.4 Data Kapal Pembanding ................................................................ 17

3.2.5 Koreksi Pra-Rancangan ................................................................. 17

3.2.6 Jika Tidak Sesuai ........................................................................... 17

3.2.7 Jika Sesuai ..................................................................................... 17

3.2.8 Perencanaan Utama ....................................................................... 18

3.2.9 Pembuatan Rencana Garis, Kurva Hidrostatik Dan Bonjean ........ 18

3.2.10 Hambatan, Propulsi Dan Daya Mesin ........................................... 18

3.2.11 Rencana Umum ............................................................................. 18

3.2.12 Tonage Dan Lambung Timbul ..................................................... 18

3.2.13 Capacity Plan ................................................................................. 19

3.2.14 Stabilitas Dan Trim ........................................................................ 19

3.2.15 Floodable Lenght ..........................................................................19

3.2.16 Kontruksi ......................................................................................19

3.2.17 Kekuatan .......................................................................................20

3.2.18 Peluncuran .................................................................................... 20

3.2.19 Kesimpulan Hasil Rancangan Kapal ............................................. 20

3.3 Data Kapal Pembanding ............................................................................ 20

3.4 Perancangan Awal ...................................................................................... 22

3.5 Prosedur Penentuan Ukuran Utama ............................................................ 22

3.6 Tinjauan Kapal Pembanding ...................................................................... 23

3.7 Menentukan Ukuran Utama ........................................................................ 23

3.7.1 Mencari Displacement ................................................................ 23

3.7.2 Mencari LPP (Panjang Antar Garis Tegak) ................................ 24

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3.7.3 Mencari LOA (Panjang Seluruhnya) .......................................... 24

3.7.4 Mencari LWL (Panjang Garis Air) .............................................. 25

3.7.5 Mencari CB (Koefisien Block) .................................................... 25

3.7.6 Mencari Sarat Air (T) Atau Draft (d) .......................................... 26

3.7.7 Mencari Lebar Kapal (Breadth) ................................................... 26

3.7.8 Mencari Tinggi Kapal H (Height) ............................................... 27

3.7.9 Mencari Koefisien Tengah Kapal (CM) ...................................... 27

3.7.10 Mencari Koefisien Bidang Garis Air (CW) ................................. 28

3.7.11 Koefisien Prismatik Atau Prismatic Coefficient (Cp) ................. 28

3.7.12 Hasil Hitungan Pokok (Ukuran Utama) ...................................... 29

3.8 Koreksi Perancangan ................................................................................... 29

3.9 Merencanakan DWT & LWT ..................................................................... 33

3.9.1 Perhitungan LWT ......................................................................... 33

3.9.2 Perhitungan DWT ........................................................................ 36

4.1 Perancangan Kapal .................................................................................... 42

4.2 Rencana Garis (Lines Plan) ...................................................................... 42

4.2.1 Pengertian Rencana Garis .......................................................... 42

4.2.2 Pembuatan Curve Section Area (Ldisplacement) ...................... 43

4.2.3 Pembuatan Curve Section Area (LPP) ....................................... 49

4.2.4 Pembuatan A/2T dan B/2 ........................................................... 54

4.2.5 Pembuatan Linggi Haluan dan Buritan ...................................... 59

4.2.6 Pembuatan Body Plan ................................................................ 61

4.2.7 Pembuatan Halfbreadth Plan ...................................................... 63

4.2.8 Penggambaran Halfbreadth Plan ................................................ 64

4.2.9 Pembuatan Sheer Plan ................................................................ 66

4.3 Perhitungan Hidrostatik Dan Bonjean ........................................................ 67

4.3.1 Perhitungan Hidrostatik ............................................................. 67

4.3.2 Kurva Bonjean…......................................................................103

BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

xiii

4.4 Hambatan, Propulsi dan Daya Mesin….....................................................115

4.4.1 Perhitungan Hambatan..............................................................103

4.4.2 Daya Mesin...............................................................................132

4.4.3 Propulsi Kapal...........................................................................103

4.5 Perhitungan Rencana Umum.....................................................................153

4.5.1 Definisi Rencana Umum..........................................................153

4.5.2 Crew Kapal Dan Pembagiannya..............................................154

4.5.3 Perhitungan LWT.....................................................................156

4.5.4 Perhitungan DWT....................................................................160

4.5.5 Perhitungan Berat Muatan Bersih (Payload)...........................166

4.5.6 Perhitungan Konstruksi............................................................166

4.6 Perhitungan Konstruksi..............................................................................198

4.6.1 Perkiraan Beban…………………………...............................198

4.6.2 Perhitungan Plat Geladak Kekuatan Dan Plat Kulit................216

4.6.3 Konstruksi Dasar Ganda..........................................................229

4.6.4 Perhitungan Profil Gading-gading...........................................234

4.6.5 Perhitungan Profil Balok-balok...............................................245

4.6.6 Penumpu Geladak (Deck Girder) ............................................254

4.6.7 Web Stiffener............................................................................262

4.7 Perhitungan Kekuatan.......................................................... ............266

4.7.1 Perhitungan Kekuatan Kapal...................................................266

4.7.2 Kekuatan Memanjang..............................................................267

4.8 Perencanaan Ruang Muat Dan Tangki-tangki (Capacity Plan)….............279

4.8.1 Perencanaan Ruang Muat Cargo Hold.....................................280

4.8.2 Perhitungan Diesel Oil Tank (DOT) .......................................314

4.8.3 Perhitungan Capacity Fuel Oil Tank (FOT) ...........................322

4.8.4 Perhitungan Lubricant Oil Tank..............................................329

4.8.5 Perhitungan Fresh Water Capacity (FW) ................................366

4.8.6 Perhitungan Capacity After Peak Tank....................................343

4.8.7 Perhitungan Ballast Tank Capacity..........................................350

xiv

4.9 Freeboard, Phimsol Mark, Dan Tonnage..................................................385

4.9.1 Lambung Timbul (Freeboard) .................................................385

4.9.2 Phimsol Mark...........................................................................389

4.9.3 Tonnage....................................................................................390

4.10 Floodable Length.....................................................................................396

4.10.1 Langkah Pembuatan Floodable Length Curve .........................385

4.11 Stabilitas Kapal........................................................................................402

4.11.1 Pengertian.................................................................................402

4.11.2 Perhitungan Kurva Stabilitas....................................................402

4.12.1 Koefisien Gesek Peluncuran....................................................436

4.12.2 Sudut Kemiringan Peluncuran.................................................436

4.12.3 Periode Peluncuran..................................................................437

4.12.4 Perhitungan Berat Peluncuran.................................................438

4.12.5 Perencanaan Sepatu Peluncur..................................................439

4.12.6 Perhitungan Beban Landasan...................................................440

4.12.7 Perhitungan Fase Peluncur.......................................................441

4.12.6 Perhitungan Beban Landasan...................................................440

4.12 Peluncuran Kapal.....................................................................................436

5.1 Kesimpulan..................................................................................................465

5.2 Saran............................................................................................................466

BAB V PENUTUP

DAFTAR PUSTAKA......................................................................................................467

RIWAYAT HIDUP..........................................................................................................480

xv

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Data Kapal Pembanding ......................................................................... 21

Tabel 4.1 Kapal Pembanding .................................................................................. 23

Tabel 4.2 Mencari C Displacement ........................................................................ 23

Tabel 4.3 Mencari C LPP ........................................................................................ 24

Tabel 4.4 Mencari C LOA ...................................................................................... 25

Tabel 4.5 Mencari C Draft ...................................................................................... 26

Tabel 4.6 Mencari C Height .................................................................................... 27

Tabel 4.7 Kapal Rancangan .................................................................................... 29

Tabel 4.8 Perbandingan Ratio 1 .............................................................................. 30

Tabel 4.9 Perbandingan Ratio 2 .............................................................................. 31

Tabel 4.10 Koreksi Rancangan Utama.................................................................... 32

Tabel 4.1 Data Ukuran Utama ................................................................................ 44

Tabel 4.2 Tabel NSP ............................................................................................... 44

Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pembacaan Diagram ...................................................................... 45

Tabel 4.4 Faktor Simpson Dan Lengan Momen Untuk station -2,-1 Dan 0 ........... 50

Tabel 4.5 Perhitungan CSA LPP ............................................................................. 50

Tabel 4.6 Tabel Pembuatan A/2T ........................................................................... 54

Tabel 4.7 Perhitungan Buritan ................................................................................ 59

Tabel 4.8 Tabel Sent Line ....................................................................................... 64

Tabel 4.9 Ordinat Halfbreadth Plan ........................................................................ 65

Tabel 4.10 Ofset Hidrostatik ................................................................................... 71

Tabel 4.11 Garis Air 0 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 73

Tabel 4.12 Garis Air 1 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 74

Tabel 4.13 Garis Air 2 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 75

Tabel 4.14 Garis Air 3 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 76

Tabel 4.15 Garis Air 4 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 77

xvi

Tabel 4.16 Garis Air 5 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 78

Tabel 4.17 Garis Air 6 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 79

Tabel 4.18 Garis Air 7 WPA, LCF, Dan IL ............................................................ 80

Tabel 4.19 Garis Air 8 WPA, LCF, Dan IL ............................................................ 81

Tabel 4.20 Garis Air 9 WPA, LCF, Dan IL ............................................................ 82

Tabel 4.21 Garis Air 10 WPA, LCF, Dan IL .......................................................... 83

Tabel 4.22 Awl Dan Kbwl ...................................................................................... 84

Tabel 4.23 Awl Dan Kbwl ..................................................................................... 84

Tabel 4.24 Awl Dan Kbwl ...................................................................................... 85

Tabel 4.25 Awl Dan Kbwl.......................................................................................85

Tabel 4.26 Awl Dan Kbwl ...................................................................................... 86

Tabel 4.27 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 86

Tabel 4.28 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 87

Tabe 4.29 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 87

Tabel 4.30 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 88

Tabel 4.31 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 88

Tabel 4.32 Luasan wl 0-2 ........................................................................................ 89

Tabel 4.33 Luasan wl 2-4 ........................................................................................ 89

Tabel 4.34 Luasan wl 4-6 ........................................................................................ 90

Tabel 4.35 Luasan wl 6-8 ........................................................................................ 90

Tabel 4.36 Luasan wl 8-10 ...................................................................................... 90

Tabel 4.37 Seluruh Tabel Luas ............................................................................... 91

Tabel 4.38 Nilai MSA..............................................................................................91

Tabel 4.39 Menghitung LCB wl 0-2 ....................................................................... 92

Tabel 4.40 Menghitung LCB wl 2-4 ....................................................................... 93

Tabel 4.41 Menghitung LCB wl 4-6 ....................................................................... 94

Tabel 4.42 Menghitung LCB wl 6-8 ....................................................................... 95

Tabel 4.43 Menghitung LCB wl 8-10 ..................................................................... 96

Tabel 4.44 LCB wl 0-2............................................................................................ 97

Tabel 4.45 LCB wl 0-4............................................................................................ 97

xvii

Tabe 4.46 LCB wl 0-6 ............................................................................................ 97

Tabel 4.47 LCB wl 0-8............................................................................................ 98

Tabel 4.48 LCB wl 0-10.......................................................................................... 98

Tabel 4.49 Hasil LCB Seluruhnya .......................................................................... 98

Tabel 4.50 Resuma Komponen Hidrostatik ............................................................ 100

Tabel 4.51 Hasil Skala Hidrostatik ......................................................................... 101

Tabel 4.52 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 104

Tabel 4.53 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 105

Tabel 4.54 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 106

Tabel 4.55 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 107

Tabel 4.56 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 108

Tabel 4.57 Offset wl tambahan ............................................................................... 109

Tabel 4.58 Luasan tiap station ................................................................................ 110

Tabel 4.59 Luasan tiap station ................................................................................ 111

Tabel 4.60 Luasan seluruh Wl ................................................................................ 112

Tabel 4.61 Luasan Bonjean ..................................................................................... 113

Tabel 4.62 Luasan Bonjean Yang Telah Di Skalakan ............................................ 114

Tabel 4.63 Hasil Diagram BP Open Water Test ..................................................... 139

Tabel 4.64 Hasil Diagram BP Behind Water Test .................................................. 140

Tabel 4.65 Hasil Kavitasi Diagram Burril .............................................................. 143

Tabel 4.67 Komponen Penampang Pada Midship .................................................. 269

Tabel 4.68 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 280

Tabel 4.69 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 280

Tabel 4.70 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 281

Tabel 4.71 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 284

Tabel 4.72 Cargo Hold II ........................................................................................ 287

Tabel 4.73 Cargo Hold II ........................................................................................ 288

Tabel 4.74 Cargo Hold II ........................................................................................ 291

Tabel 4.75 Cargo Hold III ....................................................................................... 294

Tabel 4.76 Cargo Hold III ....................................................................................... 296

xviii

Tabel 4.77 Cargo Hold III ....................................................................................... 298

Tabel 4.78 Cargo Hold IV ....................................................................................... 301

Tabel 4.79 Cargo Hold IV ....................................................................................... 303

Tabel 4.80 Cargo Hold IV ....................................................................................... 305

Tabel 4.81 Cargo Hold V ........................................................................................ 308

Tabel 4.82 Cargo Hold V ........................................................................................ 310

Tabel 4.83 Cargo Hold V ........................................................................................ 312

Tabel 4.84 DOT ...................................................................................................... 315

Tabel 4.85 DOT ...................................................................................................... 317

Tabel 4.86 DOT ...................................................................................................... 319

Tabel 4.87 Fuel Oil Tank ........................................................................................ 322

Tabel 4.88 Fuel Oil Tank ........................................................................................ 324

Tabel 4.89 Fuel Oil Tank ........................................................................................ 326

Tabel 4.90 Lubrication Oil Tank ............................................................................. 329

Tabel 4.91 Lubrication Oil Tank ............................................................................. 331

Tabel 4.92 Lubrication Oil Tank ............................................................................. 333

Tabel 4.93 Freshwater ............................................................................................. 336

Tabel 4.94 Freshwater ............................................................................................. 338

Tabel 4.95 Freshwater ............................................................................................. 340

Tabel 4.96 After Peak Tank .................................................................................... 343

Tabel 4.97 After Peak Tank .................................................................................... 345

Tabel 4.98 After Peak Tank .................................................................................... 347

Tabel 4.99 Ballast Tank I ........................................................................................ 350

Tabel 4.100 Ballast Tank I ...................................................................................... 352

Tabel 4.101 Ballast Tank I ...................................................................................... 354

Tabel 4.102 Ballast Tank II ..................................................................................... 357

Tabel 4.103 Ballast Tank II ..................................................................................... 359

Tabel 4.104 Ballast Tank II ..................................................................................... 361

Tabel 4.105 Ballast Tank III ................................................................................... 364

Tabel 4.106 Ballast Tank III ................................................................................... 366

xix

Tabel 4.107 Ballast Tank III ................................................................................... 368

Tabel 4.108 Ballast Tank IV ................................................................................... 371

Tabel 4.109 Ballast Tank IV ................................................................................... 373

Tabel 4.110 Ballast Tank IV ................................................................................... 375

Tabel 4.111 Ballast Tank V .................................................................................... 378

Tabel 4.112 Ballast Tank V .................................................................................... 380

Tabel 4.113 Ballast Tank V .................................................................................... 382

Tabel 5.5 Webster After Body And Fore Body CB = 0,762 .................................... 399

Tabel 5.6 Permeabilitas ........................................................................................... 400

Tabel 5.7 Kurva silang kondisi 50 % ...................................................................... 412

Tabel 5.8 Kurva silang kondisi 75 % ...................................................................... 420

Tabel 5.9 Kurva silang kondisi 100 % .................................................................... 428

Tabel 4.80 Interpolasi Tekan Rata-Rata Pada Landasan ........................................ 439

Tabel 4.81 Interpolasi Koefisien Gesek Peluncuran ............................................... 439

Tabel 4.5 Sketsa Perhitungan Peluncuran ............................................................... 443

Tabel 4.87 Analisa Peluncuran ............................................................................... 446

xx

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Jarak Tempuh ...................................................................................... 8

Gambar 2.2 Layout Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak ....................................................... 9

Gambar 2.3 Layout Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin ............................................ 12

Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Perancangan .................................................................. 16

Gambar 5.1 Kurva Ldisp ......................................................................................... 48

Gambar 5.2 CSA Lpp .............................................................................................. 53

Gambar 5.3 A/2T .................................................................................................... 55

Gambar 5.4 Penentuan Sudut Masuk ...................................................................... 56

Gambar 5.5 B/2 Dan A/2T ...................................................................................... 57

Gambar 5.6 Linggih Haluan .................................................................................... 59

Gambar 5.7 Linggi Buritan ..................................................................................... 60

Gambar 5.8 Buritan Auto cad ................................................................................. 61

Gambar 5.9 Jari Jari Bilga ....................................................................................... 62

Gambar 5.10 Proyeksi Pembuatan Bodyplan.......................................................... 62

Gambar 5.11 Bodyplan ........................................................................................... 63

Gambar 5.12 Sent Line ........................................................................................... 64

Gambar 5.13 HalfBreadht Plan ............................................................................... 66

Gambar 5.14 SheerPlan ........................................................................................... 67

Gambar 5.15 Kurva Hidrostatik .............................................................................. 102

Gambar 5.16 Grafik Guldhammer dan Harvald 5.0 ................................................ 117

Gambar 5.17 Standar LCB grafik ........................................................................... 118

Gambar 5.18 Koreksi LCB grafik ........................................................................... 119

Gambar 5.19 Dimension Main enggine .................................................................. 130

Gambar 5.20 Performance Enggine ........................................................................ 130

Gambar 5.21 Kurva B.4 – 40 .................................................................................. 136

Gambar 5.22 Kurva B.4 – 55 .................................................................................. 137

Gambar 5.23 Kurva B.4 - 70 ................................................................................... 138

Gambar 5.24 TC diagram burril .............................................................................. 143

xxi

Gambar 5.25 Coupling cone ................................................................................... 151

Gambar 5.26 Tabel K Watson Gilfran .................................................................... 157

Gambar 5.27 Capstan .............................................................................................. 191

Gambar 5.28 Chock ................................................................................................ 191

Gambar 5.29 Fairlead .............................................................................................. 192

Gambar 8.1 Table Freeboard Tipe B....................................................................... 386

Gambar 8.2 Floodable Length................................................................................. 400

Gambar 8.3 Floodable Length................................................................................. 401

Gambar Ilustrasi Fase I ........................................................................................... 437

Gambar Ilustrasi Fase II .......................................................................................... 437

Gambar Ilustrasi Fase III ......................................................................................... 438

xxii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 Lines Plan ............................................................................................ 469

Lampiran 2 Kurva Hidrostatik ................................................................................ 470

Lampiran 3 Kurva Bonjean .................................................................................... 471

Lampiran 4 General Arangement ............................................................................ 472

Lampiran 5 Capacity Plan ...................................................................................... 473

Lampiran 6 Midship ............................................................................................... 474

Lampiran 7 Profil Plan ............................................................................................ 475

Lampiran 8 Shell Expansion ................................................................................... 476

Lampiran 9 Layout Main Enggine .......................................................................... 477

Lampiran 10 Floodable Length ............................................................................... 478

Lampiran 11 Lembar Penilaian Revisi .................................................................... 479

Lampiran 12 Riwayat Hidup ................................................................................... 479

Lampiran 13 Pernyataan Bebas Plagiarisme ........................................................... 479

Lampiran 14 Turnitin .............................................................................................. 480

xxiii

DAFTAR NOMENKLATUR

Am (Area of Midship), Luasan bidang pada potongan tengah kapal [m2].

Ap (After perpendicular), Garis tegak buritan yang letaknya pada linggi

kemudi bagian belakang atau pada sumbu poros kemudi.

Awl (Area of Water Line), Luasan bidang pada potongan garis air muat [m2].

B (Breadth), Jarak terluar dari sisi kiri kapal ke sisi kanan kapal yang diukur

pada tengah kapal [m].

BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia, badan pemerintah (BUMN) yang didirikan

pada tahun 1964. Badan ini bertugas mengelompokan kapal yang

berbendera Indonesia menurut kelas masing–masing dan dapat

memberikan sertifikat laik laut bagi kapal yang beroperasi di Indonesia

maupun perwakilan dari klasifikasi negara yang bekerja sama dengannya.

C Koefisien daripada kapal pembanding dalam perhitungan prarancangan.

CB (Coefficient of Block), Koefisien blok adalah perbandingan antara volume

kapal dengan balok yang menyelimutinya.

CM (Coefficient of Midship), Koefisien tengah kapal adalah perbandingan

antara luasan tengah kapal dengan persegi yang menyelimutinya.

CP (Coefficient of Prismatic), Koefisien prisma adalah perbandingan antara

volume kapal dengan prisma yang menyelimutinya.

CW (Coefficient of Waterline), Koefisien garis air adalah perbandingan antara

luasan garis air muat dengan persegi yang menyelimutiya.

Cr Koefisien kapal rancangan yang didapat dari interpolasi koefisien 2 kapal

pembanding.

∆ (displacement), Jumlah air dalam ton yang dipindahkan oleh kapal yang

terapung [ton].

DWT (deadweight), Berat dari muatan, perbekalan, bahan bakar, air tawar, dan

awak kapal yang diangkut kapal sampai garis air [ton].

Fn (Froude Number), Angka froude Vs

g Lpp

.

Fp (fore perpendicular), Garis tegak haluan merupakan perpotongan antara

linggi haluan dengan garis air muat.

g gaya gravitasi 9,81 [m/s2].

GT (Gross Tonnage), Perhitungan volume semua ruang muat yang terletak

dibawah geladak kapal ditambah dengan volume ruangan tertutup yang

terletak diatas geladak [ton].

H (Height), Jarak tegak dari garis dasar ke tinggi geladak terendah yang

diukur pada tengah kapal [m].

KG (Keel of Grafity), Jarak antara lunas ke titik berat kapal [m].

LCB

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LOA (Length Over All), Panjang keseluruan kapal adalah panjang kapal

keseluruhan yang diukur dari ujung buritan sampai ujung haluan [m].

LPP (Length between perpendiculars), Panjang antara kedua garis tegak buritan

dan garis tegak haluan yang diukur pada garis air muat [m].

LWL (Length of water line) Jarak mendatar antara ujung garis muat (garis air),

yang diukur dari titik potong dengan linggi buritan (Ap) sampai titik

potongnya dengan linggi haluan (Fp) dan diukur pada bagian luar linggi

buritan dan linggi haluan [m].

MLWS (Mean Low Water Springs) adalah rata-rata tinggi yang diperoleh dari dua

air terendah berturut-turut selama periode pasang purnama [m].

NT (Net Tonnage), Perhitungan ruang dalam kapal untuk muatan kargo [ton]

T (Draft), Jarak tegak dari garis dasar ke garis air muat [m].

V Kecepatan kapal [knot] atau [m/s2].

Vdisp.