phan tich huyet do
TRANSCRIPT
Phn tch huyt
Mc tiuNu c nguyn tc m hng cu, bch cu, tiu cu v phn loi bch cu ca my o huyt t ng Gii thch c ngha ca 10 thng s chnh ca huyt Phn tch c 4 huyt
Huyt Xt nghim thng tin v cc t bo mu X dng ch yu pht hin tnh trng thiu mu, nhim trng, ung th v xut huyt
10 thng s chnh1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
S lng hng cu (M/L) Nng hemoglobin (g/dL)
Dung tch hng cu (%)Th tch trung bnh ca hng cu (fL) Lng hemoglobin trung bnh trong mt hng cu (pg) Nng hemoglobin trung bnh trong mt hng cu (g/dL) Phn b th tch hng cu % S lng tiu cu (K/ L) S lng bch cu ((K/ L) loi bch cu (%)
10.Phn
Nguyn tc Coulter Cho 1 dng in i qua 2 in cc t trong 2 ngn cha mt dung dch mui, phn cch bi mt khe nh ( 100 m) Khi mt t bo i qua khe n lm dch chuyn mt lng dung dch mui tng ng vi kch thc t bo, lm ngt qung dng in (tng in tr), to ra 1 xung in S lng v bin cc xung in cho bit s lng v kch thc t bo
Nguyn tc m t bo mu
m HC, TC
Mu c pha long vi mt dung dch ng trng HC, TC c cho i qua khe c ng knh 7- 8 m Mu c pha long vi mt dung dch cha axt lm v HC BC c cho i qua khe c ng knh 100 m
m BC
Nguyn tc phn loi bch cuBC c cho i hng mt ngang qua mt chm tia laser S tn x thay i theo c tnh ca BC u d thng tin v s tn x gip phn bit gia BC ht, n nhn v lymph
1. S lng hng cu (RBC) ngha HC cha Hb c vai tr chuyn ch oxy. Lng oxy cung cp thay i theo s lng HC Nam: 4,7-6,1 M/L N : 4,2-5,4 M/L Thiu mu (thiu st, B12, axt folic; tiu huyt; suy ty) a hng cu, mt nc (tiu chy, phng)M (mega)= 106; (micro)=10-6
Gii hn bnh thng
Bnh thng
Thiu mu do thiu st
a hng cu
2. Nng hemoglobin trong mu (HGB) ngha Nng Hb trong mt th tch mu nh ngha thiu mu: HGB Nam: 14-18 g/dL N : 12-16g/dL Thiu mu
Gii hn bnh thng
3. Dung tch hng cu (HCT)nh ngha Th tch chim bi hng cu trong 1 th tch mu
Gii hn bnh thng
Nam: 42% - 52% N : 37% - 47%Thiu mu a hng cu, mt nc
4. Th tch trung bnh ca HC (MCV) ngha (HCT/RBC) x10 Phn bit nguyn nhn thiu mu 80 - 94 fL Thiu mu HC nh (thiu st; thalassemia) Thiu mu HC to (thiu B12, axt folic) BT Thiu mu HC bnh th tch( sn xut do ung th, suy ty; tn huyt; xut huyt)
Gii hn BT
4. MCV (tt)
Thiu mu HC nh do thiu st
Bnh thng
Thiu mu HC to do thiu B12
Bnh thng
5. Lng Hb trung bnh trong HC (MCH) ngha (HGB/RBC) x10 khi sn xut Hb (HC nhc sc) Phn nh th tch HC nn trong HC to v trong HC nh 27 31pg Thiu mu HC nhc sc v/hoc nh (thiu st; thalassemia) Thiu mu HC to (thiu B12;, axt folic)(pico = 10-12)
Gii hn BT
6. Nng Hb trung bnh trong HC (MCHC) ngha (HGB/HCT) x 100 Nng Hb trung bnh trong mt th tch HC 33 37 g/dL Thiu mu HC nh nhc sc (thiu st; thalassemia) Thiu mu HC u sc (HC hnh cu) BT Thiu mu HC to bnh sc (thiu B12;, axt folic)
Gii hn BT
. MCH v MCHC
Thiu mu hng cu nhc sc do thiu st
HC hnh cu u sc
7.Phn b th tch HC (RDW) ngha (SD/MCV) x 100 Kho st s bin thin ca th tch HC Phn bit gia thiu mu do thiu st v thalassemia Gii hn BT 11,5% - 14,5% Thiu mu kch thc HC khng u (do thiu st)
7.Phn b th tch HC (RDW)
RDW trong thiu mu do thiu st
RDW khng trongthalassemia
8. S lng bch cu (WBC) ngha BC chng li s xm nhp ca vt l (vi trng, siu vi, k sinh trng) 5,2 12,4 K/L Nhim trng, d ng, vim, tn thng m, ung th, bnh bch cu Nhim trng nng, AIDS, suy ty, iu tr ung th, thiu vitamin K (kilo) = 103
Gii hn BT
8. WBC (tt)
S lng BC lymph bnh thng
S lng BC lynmph tng cao trong bnh bch cu dng lymph
9. Phn loi bch cuBch cu ht Trung tnh (NEUT) BC i toan (EOS) BC i kim (BASO)
S lng T l
1,9 8 K/L 40-74%
0 0,8 K/L 0-0,2 K/L 0-7% 0-1,5%
Nhim trng, vim, ung th,stress
D ng, nhim k sinh trng
Nhim c
9. Phn loi bch cu (tt)Bch cu khng ht n nhn (MONO) Lymph (LYMPH)
S lng T l
0,16 - 1 K/L 3,4-9% Nhim trng, vim, ung th
0,9 - 5,2 K/L 19-48% Nhim siu vi
10. S lng tiu cu (PLT) ngha Gii hn BT Tiu cu c vai tr cm mu 130 - 400 K/L Thiu mu, ct lch, tng sinh ty Xut huyt gim tiu cu, lch to, ung th
Thc hnhPhn tch chung 1 huyt Mi nhm SV t phn tch 3 huyt Trnh by v tho lun v kt qu Phn hi
Trn Duy K., 16t, hc sinh, nh Q.8, nhp vin v chng mt. T hm qua i tiu phn en 2 ln. Khng au bng, khng i.Tin cn b lot t trng. 4,0 11,8 33,9 84,9 29,6 34,9 15% (4,2 - 5,4) (14 - 18) (42 - 52) (81 - 99) (27 - 31) (33 - 37) (11,5 - 14,5) M/L g/dL % fL pg g/dL % BT BT BT Hi
RBC HGB HCT MCV MCH MCHC RDW
WBC NEUT LYMPH MONO EOS
BASOPLT
18,5 15,3 82,6 1,83 9,89 1,34 7,24 0,014 0,07 0,026 0,14 231
(5,2 - 12,4) (1,9 - 8) (40 - 74) (0,9 - 5,2) (19 - 48) (0,16 - 1) (3,4 - 9) (0-1,5) (0 - 7) (0 - 0,2) (0 - 1,5) (130 - 400)
K/L K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L
BT BT
BTBT
Nguyn Th Kim L., cng nhn, nh Q.7.Nhp vin v st cao. St 40C 2 ngy nay, au vng h sn phi. Tiu tiu bnh thng.4,5 12,1 35,4 78,7 26,9 34,2 14,6 (4,2 - 5,4) (12 - 16) (37 - 47) (81 - 99) (27 - 31) (33 - 37) (11,5 - 14,5) M/L g/dL % fL pg g/dL % BT BT Hi BT Hi
RBC HGB HCT MCV MCH MCHC RDW
WBC NEUT
21,5 19,6 91,1 0,945 4,39 0,951 4,41 0,00 0,00 0,011 0,051 183
(5,2 - 12,4) (1,9 - 8) (40 - 74) (0,9 - 5,2) (19 - 48) (0,16 - 1) (3,4 - 9) (0-1,5) (0 - 7) (0 - 0,2) (0 - 1,5) (130 - 400)
K/L K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L
LYMPHMONO EOS BASO PLT
BTBT BT BT BT
Nguyn Thi. Minh T., 21t, bun bn, nh ng Nai. Nhp vin v ni chm 2 chn. St 3 ngy, sau ht st nhng 4 ngy sau ni chm hai chn.4,73 13,8 39,9 89,3 29,1 34,6 14,4 (4,2-5,4) (12-16) (37-47) (81-99) (27-31) (33-37) (11,5-14,5) M/L g/dL % fL pg g/dL % BT BT BT BT BT BT BT
RBC HGB HCT MCV MCH MCHC RDW
WBC NEU LYMPH MONO
5,86 1,72 29,4 3,63 62 0,394 6,72 0,068 1,16 0,045 0,762 104
(5,2 - 12,4) K/L (1,9 - 8) (40 - 74) (0,9 - 5,2) (19 - 48) (0,16 - 1) (3,4 - 9) (0-1,5) (0 - 7) (0 - 0,2) (0 - 1,5) (130 - 400) K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L
BT BT BT
EOSBASO PLT
BTBT
Mai Tuyt L., 59t, ni tr, nh Q.6. Nhp vin v nhc u.Tin s b suy thn, ang chy thn nhn to. BT BT BT
RBC HGB HCT MCV MCH MCHC RDW
1,85 5,72 16,7 89,9 30,9 34,3 17,5
(4,2-5,4) (12-16) (37-47) (81-99) (27-31) (33-37) (11,5-14,5)
M/L g/dL % fL pg g/dL %
WBC NEU LYMPH MONO EOS BASO
8,87 1,4 77,1 0,98 11,1 0,7 8,25 0,3 3,17 0,03 0,366 204
(5,2 - 12,4) (1,9 - 8) (40 - 74) (0,9 - 5,2) (19 - 48) (0,16 - 1) (3,4 - 9) (0-1,5) (0 - 7) (0 - 0,2) (0 - 1,5) (130 - 400)
K/L K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L % K/L
BT BT BT BT BT
PLT
BT