pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

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Page 1: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Pharmacist Assisted Anticoagulation care

Company LOGO

Page 2: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

門診合作模式 - 臺大醫院為例• 由藥劑部主動提供門診服務資訊予院內抗凝血藥品之開方醫師後,藥師親自與同意合作之醫師說明門診作業流程,並同時記錄醫師門診時間、 INR 目標值與聯絡方式。• 合作醫師轉介剛出院或門診病人至抗凝血門診後,藥師以個案管理的方式,針對個別病人進行衛教並追蹤其藥品使用情況。• 檢驗醫學部提供 point of care test (POCT) 的方式立即檢測 INR ,由醫師預先開立多筆 POCT 醫令(即時 INR ),病人只需於當日抗凝血門診看診前進行檢測,藉此協助藥師即時評估 warfarin 的療效與安全性,並回饋給醫師做為藥品劑量調整之參考。

Page 3: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

抗凝血藥品之衛教與評估方式 ( 初診 )• 初次看診前,藥師先以電話聯絡病人預約看診時間,並請病人將平日所使用之藥品、保健食品及中草藥攜帶至診間。初診目的主要為提供完整的

warfarin 衛教與衛教手冊,時間約需 1 小時。1) 藥品的學名、商品名及外觀。2) 病人使用抗凝血藥品的適應症與重要性。3) 藥品的基本作用方式。4) 藥品的服用方式、劑量,並利用藥盒加強服藥配合度。5) 凝血功能過低或過高時的症狀。6) 可能的食物、保健食品與藥品交互作用。7) 藥師諮詢門診的目的,規律回診與監測 INR 的重要性。

Page 4: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

抗凝血藥品之衛教與評估方式 ( 複診 )• 複診看診前需至檢醫部執行即時 INR 之醫令。• 複診的目的在於評估病人的用藥情況,約需 30 分鐘看診時間, 其應包含評估服藥配合度、檢視近期內各藥品或保健食品之變化(可利用健保雲端藥歷檢視三個月內用藥史)、詢問病人是否有任何栓塞或出血症狀、評估 INR 過高或過低的原因、並加強病人尚不理解之衛教內容。• 最後將建議調整之劑量回饋給醫師。經由醫師評估確認調整之劑量後,藥師需與病人清楚說明新的劑量服用方式,並書寫於每日劑量單張給予病人。

Page 5: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

作業系統與病歷記錄• 抗凝血門診以個案管理系統記錄追蹤個案基本資料、 INR 與劑量記錄和約診時間。• 藥師需於病歷上記錄每次看診的評估內容,並註明回饋給醫師的建議與最終劑量調整的結果。其他包含針對個別病人提供的飲食、用藥及其他相關注意事項之建議。

Page 6: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care
Page 7: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

評估指標• Mean time in therapeutic range (TTR)• Thromboembolic & major hemorrhagic

complications)• ED visits and hospital admissions• Patients’ knowledge of anticoagulants• Compliance of medication and INR test

Page 8: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Comparison of pharmacist managed anticoagulation with usual medical care in a family medicine clinic

Young et al. BMC Family Practice 2011, 12:88

Page 9: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Quality of Anticoagulation Care in Patients Discharged from a Pharmacist-Managed Anticoagulation Clinic AfterStabilization of Warfarin Therapy

Pharmacotherapy. 2008 Jan;28(1):20-6.

Page 10: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Conclusions—In a population of patients with AF, two-thirds were on ≥5 medications. Increasing medication use was associated with higher risk of bleeding but not stroke. Rivaroxaban was tolerated across complex patients on multiple medications.Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):352-60. 

Page 11: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):352-60. 

Page 12: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):352-60. 

Page 13: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Warfarin-drug interactions: An emphasis on influence of polypharmacy and high doses of amoxicillin/clavulanate.

Young et al. BMC Family Practice 2011, 12:88

Page 14: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

Warfarin-drug interactions: An emphasis on influence of polypharmacy and high doses of amoxicillin/clavulanate.

Young et al. BMC Family Practice 2011, 12:88

Page 15: Pharmacist assisted anticoagulation care

近程可行藥師介入模式高齡整合病人on warfarin

Abnormal INR

Polypharmacy(≥ 5 medications)

Assessment by pharmacist

Recommendation to physician