It is the composite or learned behaviours, attitudes, beliefs, ideals, and values held by a particular society.

A responsive public administration needs to address and adjust to the type and level of development of society.

◦Filipino culture is basically characterized by

strong family linkages an accepted rural-urban dichotomy pronounced disparity of income and

wealth unemployment and

underemployment almost complete reliance upon

government for dispensation of essential services

The belief system of individuals, groups, social classes, government and the entire nation.

PaternalismPadrino System (Patronage)

The relation of population to public administration generally involves the implications and effects of size, density, composition, distribution and movement of people.

Growth of population Unregulated population movement Urbanization Ethnical divides

◦Filipino culture is basically characterized by

strong family linkages an accepted rural-urban dichotomy pronounced disparity of income and

wealth unemployment and

underemployment almost complete reliance upon

government for dispensation of essential services

The success or failure of public administration depends upon proper organization of the administrative units and utilization of resources.

Red Tape may characterize some areas of our bureaucratic institutions wherein there is rigid conformity to formal rules which can be considered as redundant and may hinder or prevent action or decision making.

Dichotomy of Politics and Administration

versus Inter-relationship of Politics and Administration

Technology is generally perceived as the sum total of all mechanisms and methodologies employed to ensure convenience and comfort of man and of society.

Social DevicesGovernmentCorporate BusinessLabour UnionsChurchTechnical Assistance

Technological AdvancesAutomationCommunications RevolutionTransportation ProblemBuild-Operate-Transfer Scheme

Interdependency of the public sector and the private sector.