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NAD ,NATABMAH ,KINKET MALAD HALASAM NAHACEMEP

SKET NAD ARACNAWAW LISAH SILUNEM NARAJALEBMEP

2 RETSEMES X SALEK AWSIS ADAP OTADIP

1102 /0102 NARAJA NUHAT ,LUTNAB ECUD ALLETS AMS

ISPIRKS

ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD

raleG helorepmeM tarayS utaS halaS anajraS hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP

: helo nususiD

itnatsirhC

730 4221 70 :MIN

HAREAD NAD ,AISENODNI ARTSAS ,ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

INES NAD ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

NAS SATISREVINU AMRAHD ATA

ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i


SKET NAD ARACNAWAW LISAH SILUNEM NARAJALEBMEP



ISPIRKS

ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD

rayS utaS halaS raleG helorepmeM ta hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP anajraS

: helo nususiD

itnatsirhC

:MIN 730 4221 70

HAREAD NAD ,AISENODNI ARTSAS ,ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

INES NAD ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

MLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP U

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH

,kutnu nakhabmesrep uka ini ayraK

airaM adnuB nad sutsirK suseY nahuT , ”ukpudih hakgnal pait malad anrupmes gnay reganam idajnem ulales anerak hisak amireT“ .

kekaK kkeneN nad atnicret u ,

nad anatramuS sunitnelaV ukhayA ukubI itnawaT anitnelaV , “ ,kenen ,kekak kutnu ukatnic nad hisak amiret adnat iagabes ini ispirks nakhabmesrepuK

ukubi nad haya ulales gnay ukgnukudnem nad nakaodnem malad tagnames suret kutnutic nad ipmim hiarem a- ukatic .”


v

PUDIH OTTOM

itneh apnat nagnaujrep halada pudiH - ,itneh

,igal tikgnab asib surah hutajret alibapa

.aynutkaw adap tapet hadni naka utauses alages ayacrep nad nikay ukA anerak

)91 aweD ,damhA inahD(


iv

K NAATAYNREP AYRAK NAILSAE

kadit ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

malad naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem

.haimli ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup ratfad nad napituk

,atrakaygoY 2102 lirpA 32

,siluneP

itnatsirhC


iiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY atanaS satisrevinU iwsisaham ayas , :amrahD

aman ,itnatsirhC :

MIN ,730422170 :

d naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep ime

ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU


CNAWAW LISAH SILUNEM NARAJALEBMEP SKET NAD ARA



adapek nakirebmem ayas ,naikimed nagneD .nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atreseb

nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP

eb malad ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegnem ,nial aidem kutn

aidem uata tenretni id aynnakisakilbupmem nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem

nupuam ayas irad nizi atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial

patet amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem

.silunep

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD


nakataynem gnaY ,

itnatsirhC


iiiv

KARTSBA

.2102 .itnatsirhC maH ,kinkeT nad ,natab halasaM nahacemeP malad siluneM narajalebmeP otadiP skeT nad aracnawaW lisaH

adap 2 retsemeS X saleK awsiS ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS narajA nuhaT1102/0102 . ispirkS 1S trakaygoY . .DSU ,PIKF ,DISBP :a

t ijakgnem ini naitileneP kinke - silunem nalipmaretek narajalebmep kinket

X salek id 2 retsemes :halada ini naitilenep naujuT .lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS kinket nakispirksednem )1( - narajalebmep malad urug nakanugid gnay kinket

silunem otadip sket nad aracnawaw lisah X salek id emes 2 rets ecuD alletS AMSnatabmah nakispirksednem )2( ,lutnaB - malad urug helo imalaid gnay natabmah

,uti narajalebmep kinket nakparenem nad nakispirksednem )3( ayapu - ayapu gnaynatabmah isatagnem kutnu urug helo nakukalid - parenep malad natabmah kinket na

bmep .silunem narajale aynnaitilenep kejbuS .fitatilauk fitpirksed halada ini naitilenep sineJ

urug halada aisenodnI asahaB halmujreb gnay lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS X salek nagned nakukalid ini naitilenep malad atad nalupmugnep rudesorP .gnaro utas

w nad isavresbo .aracnawa naitilenep lisah iraD 2 padahret rasaD isnetepmoK 2 retsemes X salek silunem narajalebmep malad iagabes naklupmisid tapad

.ini tukireb amatreP , aud ada macam gnay silunem narajalebmep kinketnakparetid urug helo cuD alletS AMS X salek awsis adap :utiay ,lutnaB e

1( ) atireb silunem kinket aracnawaw malad 2( nad ) .hotnoc nairebmep kinket ,audeK imalaid gnay natabmah helo narajalebmep kinket nakparenem malad urug silunem vitka )1( :itupilem ,awsis sati iretam )3( ,narajalebmep aidem )2(

mep ,narajaleb )4( isaulave nad )5( )1( :halada uti natabmaH .salek nemejanam gnay aidem )2( ,urug nakanugid gnay kinket nagned tagnamesreb gnaruk awsis iretam )3( ,narajalebmep iretam nagned iauses gnaruk urug nakanugid

gned imahapid tapad gnaruk narajalebmep gnay isaulave )4( ,awsis helo kiab naes pukacnem muleb urug helo nakirebid nakrajaid halet gnay iretam aum )5( nad

.gnanet nad namayn kadit gnay narajalebmep anasaus ,agiteK ahasu - ahasu gnaym akitek imalaid gnay natabmah isatagnem malad urug helo hupmetid nakparene

:utiay ,ayntabmahgnep nagned nakiausesid silunem narajalebmep kinket )1( urugep nakirebmem ,iamar gnay awsis adapek naitahr )2( nem urug aidem nakanugg

)3( ,isairavreb gnay rug ,isuksidreb awsis huruynem u )4( urug nakirebmemad nahabmat nasalejnep n )5( salek anasaus raga iamar gnay awsis rugenem urug

.gnanet idajnem


xi

TCARTSBA

dna ,elcatsbO ,euqinhceT .2102 .itnatsirhC weivretnI gnitirW ni gnivloS melborP stluseR ni gninraeL txeT hceepS dna 01 ht lutnaB ecuD alletS fo edarG

ohcS hgiH roineS T no stnedutS lo 2 eh dn S retseme . 1S sisehT :atrakaygoY . ,margorP ydutS noitacudE erutaretiL dna egaugnaL lacoL ,naisenodnI

.ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS ,noitacudE dna gniniarT srehcaeT fo ytlucaF 01 ni seuqinhcet gninrael gnitirw senimaxe hcraeser ehT ht rg alletS fo eda

2 eht no stneduts loohcs hgih roines lutnaB ecuD dn ehT .retsemes eht fo sesoprup)1( :era hcraeser ni gninrael gnitirw ni desu rehcaet eht seuqinhcet eht gnibircsed

01 eht ht 2 eht no loohcs hgih roines lutnaB ecuD alletS fo edarg dn ,retsemes )2( a ni rehcaet eht yb teem selcatsbo eht gnibircsed gninrael eht gniylpp

dna ,euqinhcet )3( eht emocrevo ot rehcaet eht yb desu seuqinhcet eht gnibircsedirw gniylppa ni selcatsbo euqinhcet gninrael gnit .

eht si evitpircsed evitatilauQ eht fo tcejbus ehT .hcraeser eht fo dnik01 eht fo egaugnal naisenodnI na si hcraeser ht roines lutnaB ecuD alletS fo edarg

sesu hcraeser eht rof erudecorp noitcelloc atad ehT .rehcaet loohcs hgihni dna noitavresbo owt fo tluser eht morF .weivret moc cisab gnitirw ni stnetep

01 eht yb gninrael ht 2 eht no stneduts edarg dn .sa dedulcnoc eb nac retsemes tsriF ,owt era ereht 01 eht ot rehcaet eht yb deilppa seuqinhcet gninrael gnitirw ht edarg

gih roines lutnaB ecuD alletS fo 1( fo tsisnoc ,stneduts loohcs h n ) swe gnitirwweivretni eht ni euqinhcet dna 2( g ) .euqinhcet elpmas gnivi dnoceS selcatsbo eht ,

eht ,fo tsisnoc euqinhcet gninrael gnitirw gniylppa ni teem rehcaet s)1( e )4( ,lairetam gninrael )3( ,aidem gninrael )2( ,seitivitca stnedut noitaulav dna

)5( c eht htiw detirips ssel stneduts eht )1( :era selcatsbo ehT .tnemeganam ssal ,rehcaet eht yb desu euqinhcet irporppa ssel aidem eht )2( gninrael eht htiw eta

,lairetam )3( nu ylluf ton era lairetam gninrael ,stneduts eht yb dootsred )4( ave t lla gnirevoc ton sah rehcaet eht yb nevig noitaul neeb evah slairetam eh

)5( dna thguoht .mlac dna trofmoc ssel si erehpsomta gninrael eht drihT , gnitirw eht gniylppa no selcatsbo eht emocrevo ot desu rehcaet eht seuqinhcet

detpada era seuqinhcet gninrael rehcaet eht )1( era esoht ,flesti selcatsbo eht htiwysion eht noitnetta artxe sevig ,tneduts )2( noitairav sesu rehcaet eht ,aidem )3( eht

ksa rehcaet ,noissucsid a rof stneduts eht s )4( artxe na sevig rehcaet ehtnoitanalpxe dna )5( namirper rehcaet eht a ekam ot redro ni stneduts ysion eht sd

.ssalc eht ta erehpsomta mlac


x

RATNAGNEP ATAK

halet gnay sutsirK suseY nahuT adapek naktajnap silunep rukuys ijuP

tapad silunep aggnihes ,asaib raul gnay ayNainurak nad takreb nakhapmilem

irks nakiaseleynem ludujreb isp halasaM nahacemeP nad ,natabmaH ,kinkeT

otadiP skeT nad aracnawaW lisaH siluneM narajalebmeP malad awsiS adap

1102/0102 narajA nuhaT ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS 2 retsemeS X saleK nagned

tnu tarays utas halas iagabes silutid tubesret ispirkS .kiab raleg helorepmem ku

nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP idutS margorP ,nakididneP anajraS

.hareaD

,nagnukud takreb ini ispirks aynnakiaselesret awhab iradaynem siluneP

babes helO .kahip iagabreb irad aod nad ,tahisan ,amasajrek ,nagnibmib ,tagnames

i :adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem nigni silunep ini natapmesek malad ut

.1 nad gnibmibmem ulales gnay airaM adnuB nad sutsirK suseY nahuT

nakhapmilem .ini ispirks nakiaseleynem malad silunep adapek ayntakreb

.2 I gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales hisgninayiteS anailuY .rD margorP auteK nad

narabasek hunep nagned halet gnay DISBP idutS malad naitiletek nad

adapek isavitom nad ,tagnames ,naharagnep ,nagnibmib nakirebmem

.ini ispirks nakiaseleynem tapec raga silunep

.3 kirebmem halet gnay II gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales idakuS .G .srD na

nakusam nad nagnibmib ,naharecnep - taafnamreb tagnas gnay nakusam

.ini ispirks nanusuynep malad

.4 gnay DISBP nesod huruleS nanilpisidek hunep nagned ,kididnem malad

.DISBP id nahailukrep hupmenem amales silunep ignipmadnem nad


ix

.5 .S ,onojrapuS .C g ukales ,.dP ecuD alletS AMS aisenodnI asahab uru

atrakaygoY ,lutnaB nakirebmem halet gnay nakusam - gnay nakusam

.ispirks nanusuynep malad silunep igab anugreb

.6 nad tagnames nakirebmem halet gnay atnicret ayas keneN nad kekaK

tahisan - .silunep igab anugreb gnay ayntahisan

.7 gnay itnawaT anitnelaV nad onotramuS sunitnelaV ,ayas ubI nad kapaB

malad silunep adapek nagnukud nakirebmem nad nakaodnem ulales

.iduts nakiaseleynem

.8 ,tagnames nakirebmem halet gnay itsirkuS adneniriV ,atnicret ayas kakaK

gnabmem gnay kitirk nad ,tahisan nanusuynep malad silunep adapek nu

ianrawem ulales gnay inearggnA ansirK aruaL ,atnicret ayas kidA .ispirks

irah - silunep irah .

.9 K naracnalek irebmem nad rabas ulales gnay DISBP tairaterkes nawayra

nakiaseleynem nad hailuk malad sesorpreb amales silunep igab .ispirks

.01 nameT - tagnames sata ,A salek aynsusuhk ,7002 natakgna DISBP namet

.silunep adapek nakirebid gnay

.11 amrahD atanaS satisrevinU maptas arap nad ,ffats ,nawayrak huruleS

.atrakaygoY

.21 iR sunahpetS c malad aites nad rabas nagned halet gnay ,neleB ognaL o

em irah inamenem nad ignipmadn - nakirebmem atres silunep irah

tahisan nad ,tagnames - .iduts nakiaseleynem malad silunep igab tahisan

.31 tabahaS - ,nuggnA ainruK ,anadreP aytniC .Y ,DISBP idorp id uktabahas

aiR ,gnejA anitsuY ,atimarP anairdA hpetS ,uyA kuyaY ,urebiR iR suna c ,o


iix

sata hisak amireT .lld ,nahoJ rednaxelA ,ohorguN idaH ylleW

irah aggnihes nakireb nailak gnay naamasrebek - idajnem silunep irah

.anrawreb

.41 tabahaS - netiS hayaliW sunahpetS .tS akiduM tabahas . sata hisak amireT

et gnay nailak awat adnac nad tagnames irah isaihgnem hal - .silunep irah

.51 malad silunep gnukudnem nad utnabmem halet gnay kahip aumeS

utas naktubes silunep tapad kadit gnay ,ini ispirks nakiaseleynem - .utasrep

nasilunep malad nagnarukek tapadret hisam awhab iradaynem siluneP

tak rihkA .ini ispirks nad acabmep igab taafnamreb tapad ini ispirks agomes ,a

kahip - .nakhutubmem gnay nial kahip


,siluneP

itnatsirhC

:MIN 730422170


iiix

I RATFAD IS

namalaH

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .............................. i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ ....................... ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................ iii

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ............. vi

OTTOM ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. v

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP ................................ ................................ . iv

ISAKILBUP NAATAYNREP RABMEL ................................ ............................. iiv

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... iiiv

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... ix

RATNAGNEP ATAK ................................ ................................ ............................ x

ISI RATFAD ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ iiix

LEBAT RATFAD ................................ ................................ ................................ ivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD ................................ ................................ ......................... x iv i

I BAB NAULUHADNEP ................................ ................................ .......... 1

1.1 L halasaM gnakaleB rata ................................ ............................ 1

halasaM nasumuR 2.1 ................................ ................................ ..... 4

naitileneP naujuT 3.1 ................................ ................................ ...... 5

naitileneP taafnaM 4.1 ................................ ................................ .... 5

5.1 halitsI nasataB ................................ ................................ ........... 6

6.1 naijayneP akitametsiS ................................ ............................... 9

II BAB ET NASADNAL IRO ................................ ................................ ..... 01

naveleR gnay uluhadreT naitileneP 1.2 ................................ .......... 01

iroeT naijaK 2.2 ................................ ................................ ............. 21

1.2.2 aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP ................................ ..... 21


vix

.2 2.2 siluneM narajalebmeP ................................ .................... 91

3.2.2 malad igetartS nad ,kinkeT ,edoteM ,natakednePaisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP ................................ ..... 42

4.2.2 natakedneP siluneM narajalebmeP malad kinkeT nad ..... 05

2. 5.2 nakididneP nautaS takgniT mulukiruK ........................... 46

2. 6.2 siluneM narajalebmeP natabmaH ................................ .... 66

AB III B NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM ................................ ..................... 86

naitileneP sineJ 1.3 ................................ ................................ ........ 86

2.3 naitileneP kejbuS ................................ ................................ ..... 96

kaW 3.3 naitileneP ut ................................ ................................ ...... 96

naitileneP tapmeT 4.3 ................................ ................................ .... 07

ataD nalupmugneP edoteM 5.3 ................................ ...................... 07

isavresbO 1.5.3 ................................ ................................ ........ 07

aracnawaW 2.5.3 ................................ ................................ ..... 07

naitileneP nemurtsnI 6.3 ................................ ................................ . 27

ataD sisilanA kinkeT 7.3 ................................ ................................ 37

VI BAB ISAH NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP L ............................... 47

gneP 1.4 ratna ................................ ................................ ................. 47

2.4 kinkeT -T naanaskaleP malad uruG nakanugiD gnay kinkesiluneM narajalebmeP ................................ ............................. 77

3.4 natabmaH - nakukaliD gnay halasaM nahacemeP nad natabmaHT napareneP malad uruG siluneM narajalebmeP kinke ............. 97

V BAB PUTUNEP ................................ ................................ ..................... 48

nalupmiseK 1.5 ................................ ................................ .............. 48

G helo nakanugiD gnay kinkeT 1.1.5 uru narajalebmeP malad siluneM ................................ ................................ .......... 48


vx

nakpareneM malad uruG helo imalaiD gnay natabmaH 2.1.5T siluneM narajalebmeP kinke ................................ ........ 48

3.1.5 ahasU - ahasu ruG helo hupmetiD gnay isatagneM kutnu u natabmaH ................................ ................................ ....... 58

naitileneP isakilpmI 2.5 ................................ ................................ .. 78

naraS 3.5 - naraS ................................ ................................ .............. 88

UP RATFAD AKATS ................................ ................................ ........................... 09

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 29

SILUNEP ATADOIB ................................ ................................ ........................... 311


ivx

RATFAD LEBAT

namalaH

1 .2 lebaT isavresboiD gnay rasaD isnetepmoK ................................ .................... 12

eP malad natabmaH 1 .4 lebaT narajalebmeP kinkeT naparen ................................ 67

4 lebaT nahacemeP nad natabmaH 2 . ................................ ................................ ... 97

3 .4 lebaT inkeT gnay narajalebmeP halasaM nahacemeP ahasU nad ,natabmaH ,kuruG helo nakukaliD ................................ ................................ ............. 28

isavresbO naanaskaleP utkaW 4 .4 lebaT ................................ .............................. 38


iivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD

namalaH

a1 naripmaL : naitileneP nizI taruS ................................ ................................ ........ 29

:b1 naripmaL taruS naitileneP nagnareteK ................................ ............................ 39

:c1 naripmaL taruS isalugnairT naataynreP ................................ ........................... 49

narT :2 naripmaL uruG aracnawaW lisaH pirks ................................ ..................... 59

naitileneP nemurtsnI :3 naripmaL ................................ ................................ ......... 69

ecuD alletS AMS 2 retsemeS X saleK siluneM narajalebmeP PPR :a4 naripmaLlutnaB ................................ ................................ .............................. 201

:b4 naripmaL narajalebmeP subaliS alletS AMS 2 retsemeS X saleK siluneMlutnaB ecuD ................................ ................................ ..................... 901

atadoiB siluneP ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 311


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

1.1 halasaM gnakaleB rataL

napudihek malad id gnitnep gnay anaras utas halas nakapurem asahaB

kutnu aisunam nakanugid tapad gnay tala halada asahab anerak aisunam

nakatpicnem nad iskaretni nakadagnem haubes utas gnay aisunam aratna isaler

ed aratna id isakinumok utnabmem tapad aguj asahaB .nial gnay aisunam nagn

tapad akam kiab gnay asahab helo irasadid gnay isakinumoK .aisunam

tapad isakinumoK .uti aisunam aratna id kiab gnay nagnubuh haubes nakatpicnem

.silutret nupuam nasil araces idajret K kutnu aisunam helo nakukalid isakinumo

adapek nasep iapmaynep irad nanigniek nad ,isamrofni ,nasagag nakiapmaynem

.nasep amirenep

ikilimem gnaroeses alibapa atpicret tapad racnal nad kiab gnay isakinumoK

ikilimem gnay gnaroeseS .kiab gnay asahab naupmamek uti naupmamek

acabmep idajnem ,kiab gnay rutunep nad kamiynep idajnem tapad nakparahid

t gnay silunep idajnem nad ,tamrec gnay irahes napudihek malad lipmare - .irah

haltagnas asahabreb nalipmaretek nakrajagnem malad urug atres nareP

katpicnem anug nakhutubid gnibmibmem uruG .asahabreb lipmaret gnay awsis na

iagabreb imahamem upmam awsis raga asahabreb nalipmaretek malad awsis

aggnihes akerem nasawaw saulrepmem nad ,habmanem tapad gnay nagnarak

.raneb nad kiab araces isakinumokreb upmam akerem

ek tapme tapadreT ,kamiynem nalipmaretek inkay asahabreb nalipmaret

.silunem nalipmaretek nad ,acabmem nalipmaretek ,aracibreb nalipmaretek


2

araces awsis helorepid hadus nad naka aracibreb nad kamiynem naupmameK

aulek nagnukgnil id imala araces gnusgnalreb nad ajagnes kadit r akerem ag

gnisam - gnay silunem naupmamek iaynupmem tapad kutnu ,ipatet nakA .gnisam

halokesreb akitek awsis helorepid uata tapadid naka kididret araces raneb nad kiab

silunem nagned tubesid gnires gnay II nad I salek ialum )DS( rasaD halokeS id

S .naalumrep nalipmaretek nakgnabmegnem nad habmanem tapad awsis uti halete

)PMS( amatreP hagneneM halokeS ukgnab id akerem silunem naupmamek nad .

id rajaleb taas adaP S lah naktapadnem naka awsis ,PM - gnadib malad urab lah

araP .silunem lunem rajaleb radekes kadit awsis ipatet naka tamilak nupuata atak si

,isaran ,ispirksed itrepes nagnarak iagabreb silunem gnatnet rajaleb ialum akerem

.isatnemugra nad

nad nalipmaretek naktakgninem tapad awsis ,PMS id silunem rajaleb haleteS

AMS( satA hagneneM halokeS id silunem naupmamek ) id rajaleb taas adaP .

akerem hadus gnay silunem nalipmaretek nakgnabmegnem tapad awsis ,AMS

akiteK .ulud PMS id taas adap helorep nasawaw saulrepmem tapad awsis ,AMS id

gnay nagnarak sinej iagabreb iuhategnem tapad akereM .silunem lah malad

uleb aynutnet .PMS id rajaleb akitek helorep akerem m gnay isnetepmok kaynaB

awsis iapacid tapad silunem itrepes ,AMS id silunem narajalebmep malad

iridnes irid namalagnep irad rebmusreb tapad gnay neprec nagnarak iagabreb

ausrep nagnarak silunem ,nial gnaro nupuata ,is iese silunem kaynab hisam nad ,

.igal

kiranem tagnas aynranebes AMS id silunem narajalebmeP nad

iretam anerak nakgnaneynem - nad magar akenareb tagnas nususid gnay iretam


3

adap ipatet nakA .awsis satitifitaerk ayad gnicnamem tapad aynutnet

arap ,aynnaataynek narajalep akitek tagnamesreb kadit gnurednec AMS id awsis

em nakirebmem urug alibapa kalonem gnires awsis araP .gnusgnalreb gnades silun

nasalareb akereM .nagnarak haubes taubmem kutnu awsis arap adapek sagut

uti silunem iretam iasaugnem hadus akerem awhab naklusugnem akerem nad raga

urug gnas ajas nial gnay asahabreb nalipmaretek isnetepmok ek itnagreb areges

.nakgnaneynem hibel gnay

rug ,ini naataynek tahileM aynatreb nad gnugnib idajnem u - arap apanek aynat

ajalep itukignem akitek tagnamesreb gnaruk awsis ar iuhategnem kutnU .silunem n

silunep akam ,aynbabeynep lamrofni araces aracnawaw nad isavresbo nakukalem

aynrihka ,nakukalid gnay aracnawaw nad isavresbo iraD .awsis aparebeb nagned

naaynatrep irad nabawaj nakumenem tapad ayas apagnem gnaruk awsis arap

sreb ?silunem narajalebmep malad tagname halada nakumet ayas gnay nabawaJ

malad iakapid gnay kinket anerak silunem narajalep akitek nasob asarem awsis

nad awij nagned iauses gnaruk nad kiranem gnaruk ini amales silunem narajalep

.akerem rajaleb ayag abawaj iraD awhab tapadnepreb ayas ,uti awsis aparebeb n

iauses nad kiranem gnay narajalebmep kinket naanuggnep nakudnirem awsis arap

silunem narajalebmep malad akerem rajaleb ayag nagned awsis aggnihes

.narajalep itukignem malad nasob asarem kadit nad tagnamesreb

raP nupmem aguj AMS awsis a adebreb gnay kitsiretkarak iay - aggnihes adeb

.awsis arap naupmamek nad nahutubek nagned nakiausesid surah narajalebmep

uti anerak helO , ket nakanuggnem kutnu tutnutid urug naitahrep kiranem gnay kin

kinket awhab uhat atik anerak awsis ,nalaj nakapurem iauses gnay narajalebmep


4

nakharagnem kutnu urug helo nakanugid gnay aidem uata ,tala nataigek - nataigek

.iapacret tapad narajalebmep naujut raga kidid atresep

urug helo nakirebid gnay narajalebmep ,awsis kitsiretkarak irad tahiliD

aynutnet raga iauses gnay kinket nakanuggnem surah kiratret asarem awsis

.iapacret tapad narajalebmep naujut aynrihka nad silunem narajalep itukignem

2.1 halasaM nasumuR

sata id nakrapapid gnay gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB malad halasam nasumur ,

halada ini naitilenep .tukireb iagabes

)1 urug nakanugid gnay hakajas apa kinkeT narajalebmep naanaskalep malad

silunem otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah adap X salek awsis

2 retsemes lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS /0102 naraja nuhat , ?1102

)2 natabmaH - ipadahid gnay hakajas apa natabmah urug malad kinket naparenep

silunem narajalebmep otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah awsis adap

X salek 2 retsemes ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS /0102 naraja nuhat ?1102

)3 ahasU - ahasu id gnay hakajas apa hupmet urug helo kutnu isatagnem

natabmah - malad natabmah nad aracnawaw lisah silunem narajalebmep

,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS 2 retsemes X salek awsis adap otadip sket silunem

?1102/0102 naraja nuhat


5

3.1 naitileneP naujuT

naka gnay naujut ,sata id naksumurid halet gnay nahalasamrep nakrasadreB

tilenep malad iapacid .tukireb iagabes halada ini nai

)1 narajalebmep naanaskalep malad nakanugid gnay kinket nakispirksedneM

silunem adap otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah X salek awsis

2 retsemes alletS AMS /0102 naraja nuhat ,lutnaB ecuD 1102 .

)2 natabmah nakispirksedneM - mah urug ipadahid gnay natab malad naparenep

kinket silunem narajalebmep adap otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah

awsis X salek 2 retsemes alletS AMS /0102 naraja nuhat ,lutnaB ecuD 1102 .

)3 nakispirksedneM ahasu - ahasu gnay helo hupmetid isatagnem kutnu urug

h natabma - malad natabmah kinket naparenep silunem narajalebmep lisah

adap otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw awsis X salek 2 retsemes AMS

1102/0102 naraja nuhat ,lutnaB ecuD alletS .

4.1 naitileneP taafnaM

nakirebmem tapad nakparahid ini naitileneP p igab taafnam kahi - iagabes kahip

.tukireb

)1 b iduts gnadib uruG aisenodnI asaha

gnadib urug igab nakusam nakirebmem tapad nakparahid ini naitileneP

pid tapad gnay kinket iagabreb ianegnem iduts narajalebmep malad iaka

silunem nad kiranem hibel idajnem narajalebmep aggnihes kadit

iretam amirenem nad imahamem hadum hibel idajnem awsiS .naknasobmem

urug helo nakanugid tapad ini naitileneP .urug helo nakirebid gnay narajalep

pakgnelem kutnu iduts gnadib kinket nakisartsnomednem nad i - kinket


6

eb ini amales gnay silunem narajalebmep awsis adapek nakparetid hanrep mul

isairav kaynab hibel idajnem silunem narajalebmep aggnihes adap nad

.nakparahid gnay nagned iauses iapacret tapad narajalebmep naujut aynrihka

)2 hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP awsisahaM

hid ini naitileneP irebmem tapad nakpara DISBP awsisaham igab taafnam

kinket iagabreb ianegnem nakanugid tapad gnay silunem narajalebmep malad

tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep uti nialeS .AMS farat adap aynsusuhk

alebmep halasam isatagnem malad urug nolac arap utnabmem d naraj salek i

.rajagnem akitek

tapad nakparahid ini naitileneP nasawaw akubmem awsisaham arap

hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP natabmah ianegnem -

.salek id aisenodnI asahaB narajalep rajagnem akitek lucnum gnay natabmah

alibapA uhategnem awsisaham natabmah i - isaham akam uti natabmah uti aws

kinket nakumenem tapad - isatagnem kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay kinket

.iapacret tapad narajalebmep naujut aggnihes uti natabmah

5.1 halitsI nasataB

eb gnay halitsi nasatab aparebeb nakrapapid ini tukireB nagned nagnubuhr

gnay halitsi ianegnem ispesrep nahalasek idajret kadit raga ini naitilenep

.nakanugid

)1 natakedneP

gnay fitalerok ismusa takgnarepes iagabes naitregnep ikilimem natakedneP

d narajagnep takikah inagnanem ynohtnA( asahab narajalebmep na ,nagiraT aiv

.)11:9891


7

)2 M edote

ipar araces asahab naijaynep nahab igab nahurulesek anacner halada edoteM

ad naigab ada kadit gnay bitret n - uti aumes nad iskidartnokreb gnay naigab

ay hilipret natakednep adap nakrasadid ynohtnA( larudesorp tafisreb gn aiv

.)11:9891 nagiraT

)3 kinkeT

keT n arac ,tahilsum utaus halada ki - kutnu iakapid gnay naumenep uata ,arac

tafisreb gnay gnusgnal naujut nakanrupmeynem atres nakiaseleynem

ynohtnA( salek id narepreb lautka araces nad lanoisatnemelpmi aiv nagiraT

.)11:9891

)4 )AMS( satA hagneneM halokeS

halokeS nautas kutneb utas halas halada AMS uata satA hagneneM

kididnep kana helo hupmetid naka gnay na - halokeS sulul halet gnay kana

.)PMS( amatreP hagneneM

)5 natabmaH

( nagnatnir uata nagnalah halada natabmaH sankidpeD , .)5002 natabmaH

iagabes alup nakitraid tapad naiapacnep hagecnem uata isatabmem gnay naadaek

nagned duskamid gnay ini naitilenep malaD .naujut uata duskam nad narasas

halasam uata nagnalah naklubminem tapad gnay naadaek utaus halada natabmah

rajalebmep kinket iagabreb nakparenem urug akitek urug igab gnay silunem na

.nakanugid


8

)6 narajalebmeP

gnay nakididnep naaraggneleynep kutneb nakapurem narajalebmeP

nataigeK .nataigek utaus nagnubmanisekreb nad sitametsis araces nakudamem

nagnukgnil raul id nad halokes nagnukgnil id nakukalid tapad narajalebmep

okes aumes kutnu rajaleb namalagnep magareb naaideynep dujuw malad hal

sesorp utaus iagabes narajalebmep nataigeK .kidid atresep nakrasadreb surah gnay

pisnirp - :5002 ,sankidpeD( narajalebmep pisnirp .)1

)7 siluneM

:1002( orotnayigruN turuneM ka halada silunem )892 nakakumegnem sativit

asahab aidem iulalem nasagag silutret araces kutnu hitalid awsis silunem nagneD .

araces nususid gnay nasilut kutneb malad aynrikip alop nakgnabmegnem tapad

tawel nakiapmasid nigni gnay nasep imahamem tapad acabmep raga sitametsis

silut .tubesret na

)8 silunem narajalebmep kinkeT

nad sitkarp gnay isatnemelpmi nakapurem silunem narajalebmep kinkeT

gnay icnirepret iakapid malad napareneP .)4002 :ontayuS( silunem narajalebmep

rasad isnetepmok nagned nakiausesid tapad silunem narajalebmep kinket gnay

.racnal nagned gnusgnalreb tapad silunem narajalebmep aggnihes irajalepid naka

kinkeT .silunem narajalebmep kinket iagabreb tapadret )4002( ontayuS turuneM -

)3( ,gnusgnal kejbo silunem )2( ,rabmag irad silunem )1( :nial aratna uti kinket

nagnidnabmep taubmem )5( ,nasilut aud nagnidnabmep )4( ,gnusgnal kejbo

ukub silunem )8( ,atireb silunem )7( ,iridnes irid silunem )6( ,nasilut akgnarek

.nagnasapreb golaid )01( nad ,etkid nakrasadreb )9( ,nairah


9

6.1 naijayneP akitametsiS

apapid naka nauluhadnep I baB adaP nasumur ,gnakaleb ratal gnatnet nakr

halitsi nasatab ,lebairav nasumur ,naitilenep taafnam ,naitilenep naujut ,halasam

ianegnem nakiaruid naka iroet nasadnal II baB adaP .naijaynep akitametsis nad

em III baB adaP .iroet nasadnal nad naveler gnay naitilenep naitilenep igolodot

kinket ,naitilenep nemurtsni ,atad rebmus nad atad ,naitilenep sinej gnatnet isireb

gnatnet isireb VI baB .atad sisilana kinket nad ,atad nahasbaek ,atad nalupmugnep

putunep isireb V baB .naitilenep lisah nasahabmep nad naitilenep lisah gnay

irad iridret naras nad isakilpmi nalupmisek - .naras


01

II BAB

IROET NASADNAL

naveler gnay naitileneP 1.2

naveler gnay naitilenep aud tapadret naakatsupek iduts nakrasadreB nagned

irT helo nakukalid amatrep gnay naitileneP .ini naitilenep .)7002( uyahar

idayhaC helo audek gnay naitileneP .)6002(

ludujreb )7002( uyaharirT nakukalid gnay naitileneP narajalebmeP kinkeT

k te h ,siluneM nad acabmeM nalipmare P nad ,natabma aynnahaceme salek awsiS I

N rasaD halokeS uhaT ludikgnunuG ,neyalP ,uluB irege A n naraj /6002 7002 .

naujuT .fitatilauk fitpirksed halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay edoteM

gnay kinket iagabreb nakispirksednem )1( :tukireb iagabes halada aynnaitilenep

salek id silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek narajalebmep malad urug nakanugid

I ludikgnunuG ,neyalP ,uluB NDS , /natabmah nakispirksednem )2( gnay aladnek

malaid kinket nakparenem malad urug i - ubesret narajalebmep kinket )3( ,t

hakgnal nakispirksednem - akukalid gnay halasam nahacemep hakgnal kutnu urug n

/aladnek isatagnem tubesret natabmah .

gnay narajalebmep kinket )1(:tukireb iagabes halada aynnaitilenep lisaH

ada urug helo nakanugid 41 kutnu kinket 6 nakanuggnem uruG .sinej

bmep kutnu kinket 8 nad acabmem nalipmaretek narajalebmep ,silunem narajale

natabmah )2( - d urug imalaid gnay natabmah kinket nakparenem mala

nad ,narajalebmep aidem ,urug ,awsis utiay ,rotkaf 4 idajnem nakisakifisalkid

isatagnem kutnu halasam nahacemeP )3( ,utkaw isakola malad natabmah

.hakgnal 4 ada silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep kinket naparenep


11

kalid audek naitileneP ludujreb gnay )6002( idayhaC helo naku kinkeT - kinkeT

recreB narajalebmeP kanaK namaT id susaK idutS ati -K mekaP hisaK aniB kana

atrakaygoY . naujuT iay ini naitilenep kinket nakispirksednem )1( :ut - gnay kinket

b narajalebmep nataigek malad urug helo nakanugid atirecre nakispirksednem )2( ,

natabmah - imalaid gnay natabmah kinket nakparenem akitek urug - ,atirecreb kinket

d hakgnal nakispirksednem )3( na - y halasam nahacemep hakgnal a hupmetid gn

natabmah isatagnem kutnu urug - akitek lucnum gnay natabmah nakparenem

t kinke - ujnunem aynnaitilenep lisaH .atirecreb kinket ,amatrep ,lah agit nakk

kinket - akanugid gnay kinket natabmah ,audeK .sinej 5 ada n - gnay natabmah

nad iridnes tubir dirum :utiay dirum rotkaf )1( irad lasareb gnay urug imalaid

dit ,atirec nakragnednem saisutna ka iridret urug irad lasareb gnay natabmah )2(

rabmag ,kiranem araces kinket nakijaynem malad isairav gnaruk utiay lah 5 sata

nad tubir gnay dirum rutagnem natilusek ,isairavreb gnaruk tagnames gnaruk

,rajagnem malad bmep aidem irad lasareb gnay natabmah )3( 3 sata iridret narajale

idem satilauk ,dirum kiranem kadit ,isairavreb gnaruk ,utiay lah narajalebmep a

,kiab gnaruk gnay atirec utiay narajalebmep iretam irad lasareb gnay natabmah )4(

aruk hakgnal ,agiteK .isairavreb gn - metid gnay halasam nahacemep hakgnal up h

ug r natabmah isatagnem kutnu u - kutnu dirum isavitomem gnay natabmah

aidem kaynabrepmem ,amasreb naniamrep nagniles nagned atirec nakragnednem

.atirec kaynabrepmem nad narajalebmep

irT nakukalid gnay naitilenep isnaveleR )6002( idayhaC nad )7002( uyahar

padahret naitilenep halada nakukalid naka gnay ini naitilenep nakirebmem tapad

naka gnay kipot gnatnet mumu araces narabmag itiletid kinket utiay alebmep naraj


21

kana adap silunem - kana .lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS tapadret ,ipatet nakA

naitilenep aratna naadebrep uyaharirT helo nakukalid gnay naitilenep nagned ini

adap tahilret uti naadebreP .idayhaC nad kejbus .naitilenep kejbuS naitilenep

utas halmujreb gnay X salek aisenodnI asahaB urug halada ini ispirks malad

S .gnaro kinket itilenem kutnu niale - pid gnay kinket iaka natabmah nad malad

silunem narajalebmep otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah , aguj ini ispirks

nakispirksednem kutnu naujutreb silunem narajalebmep kinket aracnawaw lisah

X salek otadip sket silunem nad kadit ini naujut anam gnay tapadret malad

nep .idayhaC nad uyaharirT naitile nakirebmem kutnu gnacnar ayas uti naujuT

fnam ,awsis arap igab hibel gnay taa ,urug uti lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS nad

.iridnes

iroeT naijaK 2.2

1.2.2 ) asahaB narajalebmeP aisenodnI

asahab rajaleb hadus aisunam alak uluhad kajeS pudih tapad kutnu nad

gnaro nagned isakinumokreb - ”rajaleB“ .akerem ratikes id ada gnay gnaro t kadi

,surah kadit nakhab ulales ”narajagnep“ naktabilem kadit , otkaybuS turunem

991( 8 1 : ) alad ada surah gnay :inkay asahab rajaleb isidnok m )1( naulrepek

rajaleb / taus helorepmem ( isakinumok metsis u ,)asahab aidesret ada )2( nad hotnoc

.uti isakinumok ”ledom“ uata

nareh asarem acabmep nikgnuM otkaybuS irad tapadnep acabmem 991( :8 )1

narajagneP igolodoteM“ ludujreb gnay aynukub malad nakakumek aid gnay

d iD .”asahaB tubesid gnarakes gnay sesorp malad awhab silutid uti ukub mala

rajaleb“ - halada ada bijaw gnay ,asahab ”rajagnem rajalep nad ,rajagnep nakub


31

ini lah naka naradaseK .rajalep halada ini sesorp malad amatu gnay aggnihes

m rihkatum hafaslaf nakatpicnem aynrihka nakididnep nad narajagnep ianegne

.”rajalep adap talbikreb“ uata ”rajalep adap tasupreb“ tubesid gnires gnay

rajaleb nahadumep sesorp malad gnitnep gnay rotkaf kusamret uruG asahab

aisenodnI saf uata ”hadumep“ tubesid ilakgnires urug uti anerak helO .ini .rotatili

isaf iagabes aynnarep malaD rac nakhutubmem urug ,rotatil a- uruG .utnetret arac

aynmumu adap ,kiab gnay jagnem edotem nakanuggnem kutnu ahasureb ulales ra

,fitkefe gnilap gnay /tala iakamem nad .kiab gnilap gnay aidem

raT nad ogajD turuneM 91( nagi 68 : rajaleb sesorp ,)71 - rajagnem asahaB

aisenodnI helo nugnabid ,awsis utiay nenopmok aparebeb ,urug ,naujut ,nahab

,edotem ,aidem nenopmoK .isaulave nad - nad natiakreb gnilas uti nenopmok

.narajalebmep naujut iapacnem akgnar malad gnajnunem gnilas

)1 awsiS

Si malad utnenep rusnu halada aws rajaleb sesorp - aynada apnaT .rajagnem

dit ,awsis rajaleb sesorp idajret naka ka - aisunam ada naka kadit anerak rajagnem

.kididid naka gnay ada kadit alibapa uti nialeS awsis gnaruk idajnem urug akam

kadit akerem anerak anugreb awsis arap adapek aynumli nakirebmem tapad

anerak .rajaid gnay awsis ada kadit

adA .magarakenareb gnay isnetepmok ikilimem gnay aisunam halada awsiS

d naupmamek ikilimem gnay ,gnutihreb lah mala ,lafahgnem .hubut halo nupuam

rah ikilim akerem gnay naupmameK h igab taafnamreb raga nakharaid su pudi

id rajaleb nataigek malad nagnukud irebid surah awsis paiteS .kalek akerem

sativitka nakanaskalem akitek irid ayacrep asar ikilimem akerem raga halokes


41

rajaleb - .salek id rajagnem id ada uti irid ayacrep asar alibapA akerem irid malad

rajaleb nataigek akam - arap anerak kiab nagned nalajreb naka salek id rajagnem

ikilimem awsis rajaleb hariag uata edi nakpakgnugnem malad iggnit gnay

nasagag - malad fitka awsis arap akiteK .akerem kaneb malad ada gnay nasagag

nakpakgnugnem hadus akerem gnusgnal kadit araces ,akerem nasagag uata edi

kato hitalem akerem .fitaerk araces rikipreb kutnu akam fitaerk rikipreb nagneD

nakiapmasid gnay narajalep iretam paites imahamem hadum hibel naka uti awsis

ajalebmep naujut aynrihka adap nad urug .iapacret naka nar

)2 uruG

halada kiab gnay uruG naanacnerep taubmem gnay urug - gnay naanacnerep

padahret akep nad kana naujamek paites igab tapet gnay natatac taubmeM .itilet

gnisam nahutubek nad naupmamek - :8991 ,gnosnugnaM( kana gnisam uruG .)22

sorp malad neM .gnitnep tagnas gnay nanarep gnagemem narajalebmep se turu

:6891( nagiraT nanarep ,)8 - g nanarep uru ,rotamrofni iagabes nial aratna

,rotaisini ,rotasinagro ,rotatilisaf .rotaulave nad

rotamrofni iagabes uruG , nabijawekreb akerem isamrofni rebmus idajnem

.mumu nauhategnep nad umli apureb isamrofni iapmaynep nad iagabes uruG

akerem gnay umli nakiapmaynem gnay kahip ikilim adapek aggnihes awsis arap

wsis arap .silunem narajalebmep gnatnet iadamem gnay nauhategnep ikilimem a

,rotasinagro iagabes uruG b akerem nataigek alolegnep iagabes nabijawekre

rajaleb - .rajagnem nareP alages rutagnem gnay kahip iagabes ini lah malad urug

nagned nagnubuhreb gnay lah silunem narajalebmep nataigek id nupuata salek id

nataigek raga salek raul uti nad rutkurtsret araces nalajreb .fitkefe


51

,rotaisini iagabes uruG iagabes akerem libmagnep amatrep fitaisini aggnihes

.ajrek hariag lucnum nareP nakhubmunem gnay kahip iagabes ini lah malad urug

rajaleb nataigek itukignem malad awsis arap tagnames nad hariag - .rajagnem

lid tapad gnay ayapU kinket nakanuggnem nagned aynlasim urug nakuka - kinket

aggnihes awsis rajaleb ayag nagned iauses nad kiranem gnay narajalebmep

.naknasobmem kadit aynutnet nad kiranem hibel tapad silunem narajalebmep

,rotatilisaf iagabes uruG akerem irebmem gnay b nahadumek igab rajale

ini lah malad urug nareP .awsis gnay kahip iagabes apureb nautnab nakirebmem

,isamrofni naras , is akitek nakusam nad awsiS .rajaleb natilusek imalagnem aws

natilusek nakumenem nad iracnem kutnu fitka nakparahid - akerem gnay natilusek

malad imala ayapu nakumenem tapad akerem aggnihes silunem narajalebmep

.silunem narajalebmep naklamitpognem kutnu

,rotaulave iagabes uruG .silunem narajalebmep nataigek ialinem akerem

P padahret naialinep nakirebmem gnay kahip iagabes ini lah malad urug nare

sativitka ini naialineP .silunem narajalebmep malad awsis nakukalid gnay gnay

awsis nauhategnep anam huajes iuhategnem urug raga naujut nagned nakukalid

silunem narajalebmep gnatnet nakadaid ulrep akam kiab gnaruk aynlisah alibapA .

aladnem hibel awsis raga nakiabrep lisah alibapa numaN .uti silunem narajalep im

rasad isnetepmok irajalepmem tapad awsis akam naksaumem hadus iapacid gnay

.ayntukireb gnay

)3 narajalebmep naujuT aisenodnI asahaB

aH turuneM :5002( kilam ,)801 lisah halmujes halada narajalebmep naujut

ebmep aynid gnay narajal ,rajaleb awsis itra malad nakat araces gnay mumu


61

,urab nauhategnep pukacnem ,napakacek nad nalipmaretek pakis atres - gnay pakis

awsis helo iapacid urug helo nakparahid urab narajalebmep lisah iagabes asahaB

.aisenodnI

( gnosnugnaM turuneM :8991 ,)81 nagned hilipid surah narajalebmep naujut

nautnetek ihunemem raga itilet - .tukireb iagabes nautnetek

.a naujuT - rah naujut nautnetek nagned nakataynid su - itamaid asib gnay nautnetek

.b kana nahutubek ihunemem surah naujuT

.c naujuT nal malad nakrabajid surah hakg - anahredes nad licek hakgnal

.d .saul hibel gnay naujut adap nakrasadid surah naujuT

tapad urug alibapa iapacret tapad aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmep naujuT

uti kiab nagnubuh alibapA .awsis arap nagned kiab gnay amasajrek nilajnem

hadum hibel urug akam ada asahaB narajalep iretam nakiapmaynem malad

.nakanacnerid hadus gnay aisenodnI

)4 /nahaB isi

gnay nad rajaleb kutnu nakanugid gnay nahab halada narajalebmep iretaM

narajalebmep nahab uata iretaM .narajalebmep naujut iapacnem kutnu utnabmem

aisenodnI asahaB ni rebmus iagabreb irad urug helo helorepid tapad i : ,ukub ,mlif

,rabak tarus ,gnosnugnaM( ayniagabes nad :8991 .)91 uti nahab rebmus iagabreB

.silunem narajalebmep nataigek malad awsis arap nakhadumem tapad nakparahid

rat nagned iauses surah narajalep nahaB naupmamek nad nagnabmekrep fa arap

,awsis ,naknasobmem kadit ,gnasgnarem kiab awsis arap igab anugreb tapad nad

k iagabes nupuata aynnauhategnep nagnabmegnep kutnu id aynsagut nagnitnepe


71

eb nataigek gnukudnem tapad tubesret narajalep nahab aggnihes nagnapal rajal -

.salek raul id nupuata salek id kiab awsis rajagnem

)5 edoteM

,)6002( ayajnaS turuneM nakanugid gnay arac halada narajalebmep edotem

raga nususid hadus gnay narajalebmep anacner nakisatnemelpmignem kutnu

amitpo araces iapacret tapad narajalebmep naujut .l narajalebmep edotem kaynaB

.silunem narajalebmep malad urug helo iakapid tapad gnay

nakanugid gnay edoteM urug sid aynkiabes .awsis isidnok nagned nakiause

K adap ucagnem inis id awsis isidno naasaibek - rajaleb naasaibek ikilimid gnay

aggnihes akerem helo rep kiranem tapad nakanugid gnay edotem itah .aynna

akam narajalep itukignem kutnu tagnames nad kiratret asarem akerem alibapA

rajaleb sesorp - .lamitpo nad racnal nagned nalajreb tapad rajagnem

)6 aideM

2002( onrapeoS turuneM m )1 : aide halada iakapid gnay tala narulas iagabes

ebmus irad isamrofni uata )egassem( narep utaus nakiapmaynem kutnu )lennahc( r

.)reviecer( aynamirenep adapek )ecruoser( ,aynilsa adneb apureb tapad aideM

anahredes kutneb malad alup tapaD .ayntakilpud nakhab uata ,aynrabmag

apureb aynlasim ay kutneb malad uata ,lenalp napap ,notrak satrek hawem hibel gn

,oidar aynhotnoc ,mlif ,VT epat , redrocer epat , nial nad - .nial

tapad nakparahid silunem narajalebmep malad urug nakanugid gnay aideM

aggnihes silunem narajalebmep gnukudnem ti aidem naanuggnep ais kadit u - .ais

imahamem malad awsis nakhadumem gnay aidem halada gnukudnem gnay aideM

.uti silunem narajalep iakamem awsis naksagunem urug aynlasiM redrocer epat


81

.awsis helo nakukalid gnay aracnawaw makerem kutnu aidem nataafnameP

apureb redrocer epat ad nataigek anerak awsis arap tagnames habmanem tap

tapad narajalebmep naujut aynrihka nad kiranem hibel idajnem aracnawaw

.iapacret

)7 isaulavE

kadit isaulavE .narajalebmep sesorp malad rihkaret nenopmok halada isaulavE

alisahrebek tahilem kutnu isgnufreb ajas s n ,narajalebmep sesorp malad awsi ipatet

iagabes isgnufreb aguj naalolegnep malad aynajrenik sata urug igab kilab napmu

nataafnamep malad nagnarukek tahilem tapad isaulave iulaleM .narajalebmep

:1002 ,hayitseoR( narajalebmep nenopmok iagabreb .)95

nialeS namahamep anam huajes rukugnem kutnu isgnufreb aguj isaulave uti

gnay isaulave naktapadnem awsis alibapA .silunem narajalebmep malad awsis

awsis alibapa ipatet naka nakiabrep nakukalem ulrep uti awsis akam kiab gnaruk

m narajalebmep gnatnet mahap hadus uti irajalepmem tapad uti awsis akam silune

.ayntujnales gnay rasad isnetepmok

nagiraT :6891( nalipmaretek narajalebmep awhab nakpakgnugnem )22

nad nakhubmunem kutnu naujutreb aynaman nagned iauses ,asahabreb

ipmareT .awsis asahabreb nalipmaretek nakgnabmegnem abreb l itrareb asah

,kamiynem lipmaret ,aracibreb lipmaret ,acabmem lipmaret silunem lipmaret nad

.raneb nad kiab gnay aisenodnI asahab malad

:4002( ayruS turuneM aynada halai uti narajalebmep sesorp amatu iric )8

p nahaburep ,udividni irid malad ukalire ad halet gnay gnaroeses itra mal

laH .aynukalirep habureb naka narajalebmep imalagnem narajalebmep malad ini


91

,silunem kadit gnay irad awsis arap ukalirep habugnem tapad nakparahid urug

idajnem silunem upmam gnay awsis silunem upmam , lipmaret kadit irad nad

em lipmaret idajnem silun raneb ini lah alibapA .silunem - ,idajret raneb tapad

.iapacret hadus narajalebmep naujut awhab nakatakid

2.2.2 meP siluneM narajaleb

)1 siluneM

:1002( orotnayigruN turuneM nakakumegnem sativitka halada silunem )892

.asahab aidem iulalem nasagag tapad kutnu hitalid awsis silunem nagneD

araces nususid gnay nasilut kutneb malad aynrikip alop nakgnabmegnem

tawel nakiapmasid nigni gnay nasep imahamem tapad acabmep raga sitametsis

.tubesret nasilut

2891( nagiraT turuneM : i ayntakikah adap silunem ,)12 uata naknurunem hala

gnabmal naksikulem - gnay asahab utaus nakrabmagnem gnay sifarg gnabmal

gnaro aggnihes ,gnaroeses helo imahapid - gnabmal acabmem tapad nial gnaro -

kifarg narabmag nad asahab imahamem akerem ualak tubesret kifarg gnabmal

ah ,numaN .tubesret ini l helo hatnabid idnaweoS :7002( nakatagnem gnay )99

gnabmal naksikulem radekes nakub silunem awhab - naknialem sifarg gnabmal

tamilak iulalem silut asahab malad ek narikip haub nakgnaunem - gnay tamilak

p aggnihes ,salej nad ,pakgnel ,hutu araces iakgnarid tapad tubesret nariki

acabmep adapek nakisakinumokid

sesorp utaus nakapurem silunem nalipmaretek )88 :8891( otnajuS turuneM

silunem nalipmaretek naktapadnem kutnU .nahital kaynab iulalem nahubmutrep


02

ajalepmem nad asahab atat irajalepmem nagned pukuc kadit nauhategnep ir

.rutaret gnay nahital nagned hubmut silunem nalipmareteK .silunem iroet gnatnet

unem halai siluneM gnabmal naksikulem uata naknur - gnay kifarg gnabmal

imahapid gnay asahab utaus nakrabmaggnem gnaro aggnihes ,gnaroeses helo -

ro mem tapad nial gna gnabmal acab - akerem ualak tubesret kifarg gnabmal

mag nad asahab imahamem b 2891 ,nagiraT( uti kifarg nara : uata nasikuL .)12

um rabmag ankam nakiapmaynem tapad nikgn - ipatet naka ,ankam kadit

nautasek nakrabmaggnem - asahab nautasek d asib kadit rabmag sikuleM . tubesi

silunem furuh rabmaggnem ,uti nialeS . - airetirk nagneD .silunem nakub aguj furuh

d haltapad ,uti furuh ipokgnem awhab nakitsapi - utas tesnem nusuynem uata furuh

uh malad haksan fur - atecid kutnu utnetret furuh gnaro ualak silunem halnakub k -

tubesret gnaro tubesret asahab imahamem kadit aynisatneserper atreseb

,odaL( .)9791

narajalebmep awhab tahilret ,sata id silunem gnatnet nasalejnep iagabreb iraD

gnay alup ini laH .aisenodnI asahaB narajalep malad gnitnep narepreb silunem

utnu itilenep irasadnem silunem narajalebmep ianegnem naitilenep nakukalem k

otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah AMS id 2 retsemes X salek .

nad isnetepmoK radnatS kaynab ipukgnilem aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP

adap aynah satabret ini naitilenep malad numan ,rasaD isnetepmoK radnatS utas

isnetepmoK nad isnetepmoK radnatS .rasaD isnetepmoK aud nad isnetepmoK

.ini tukireb nagab adap tahilret uti rasaD


12

isavresboiD gnay rasaD isnetepmoK 1 .2 lebaT

)2 siluneM isgnuF aynpisnirp adaP isgnuf irad amatu nasilut halada isakinumok tala iagabes

dit araces ,sitirk rikipreb awsis gnolonem tapad siluneM .gnusgnal ka

em nakhadumem nagnubuh itamkinem nad nakasar - ,nagnubuh maladrepmem

,atik ispesrep naturu nusuynem namalagnep igab , gnay halasam nakhacemem nad

apurem siluneM .ipadah atik kipreb kutneb utas halas nak ,ri rikipreb urtsuj ipatet

t utkaw igab nad utnetret acabmem igab sagut irad utas halaS .utnetre - sagut

ep gnaroes gnitnepret pisnirp iasaugnem halada silun - ,rikipreb nad silunem pisnirp

atakid tapad takgnis araceS .naujut iapacnem aynutnabmem tapad naka gnay nak

d rikipreb rajaleb halada silunem rajaleb awhab /mala .utnetret arac nagned

( 2891 ,nagiraT : .)22

nagned isautis naktaafnamem tapad gnay silunep halada gnulu gnay siluneP

:halada uti naktaafnamid nad nakitahrepid surah gnay isautiS .tapet

)a aujut nad duskam silunep gnas n idajret naka aynnakparahid gnay nahaburep(

)acabmep irid adap .

)b asrimep uata acabmep ,aut gnaro uti acabmep hakapa( lanek ,na namet uata

.)silunep gnas

)c w natapmesek uata utka naadaek( - sgnalreb naktabilem gnay naadaek ayngnu

netret naidajek utaus ,ut ,utkaw ,tapmet ay isautis nad naitahrep tutnunem gn

isnetepmoK radnatS rasaD isnetepmoK siluneM

isamrofni nakpakgnugneM .8 iulalem fargarap nasilunep

otadip sket nad

1.8 ah siluneM malad ek aracnawaw lis

aparebeb nagned fargaraptapet gnay naaje nakanuggnem

4.8 otadip sket siluneM


22

,gnusgnal sam ,nahacemep nakulremem gnay hala ep tutnunem gnay naaynatr

,nabawaj niagabes nad )ay ,nagiraT( 2891 : .)22

)3 siluneM naujuT

32 :2891( nagiraT turuneM ,) ilut sinej paites t aparebeb gnudnagnem nas ;nauju

uti naujut anerak ipatet ,magar akenareb tagnas muleb gnay silunep igab akam

:ini hawab id irogetak nakitahrepmem aynkiab ada namalagnepreb

)a m rajagnem uata nakuhatirebme

)b m kasednem uata naknikaye

)c m nakgnaneynem uata rubihgne

)d m /nakaratugne akiserpskegnem pareb gnay isome nad naasarep n i- ipa

jut“ nagned nagnubuheS ,nagiraT aiv( gitraH oguH ,nasilut utauses nasilunep ”nau

2891 : :tukireb iagabes aynnakmukgnarem )42

)a esoprup tnemngissA )nasagunep naujut( .

as naujut iaynupmem kadit aynranebes ini nasagunep naujuT siluneP .ilakes am

silunem ,naksagutid anerak utauses arap aynlasim( iridnes nauamek sata nakub

gnay awsis ;ukub nakmukgnarem sagut irebid y siraterkes naksagutid gna

,naropal taubmem .)tapar neluton

)b esoprup citsiurtlA )kitsiurtla naujut( .

naujutreb siluneP p arap nakgnaneynem kutnu ,acabme nakradnihgnem

,acabmep arap naakudek nigni ,imahamem acabmep arap gnolonem

ahgnem ,aynnaralanep nad naasarep iagr acabmep arap pudih taubmem nigni

kadit gnaroeseS .uti aynayrak nagned nakgnaneynem hibel nad hadum hibel

naka apet araces silunem tapad ,ayacrep aid ualak anug t radas araces kiab


32

halada uti aynayrak tamkinep uata acabmep awhab radas kadit araces nupuam

icnuk halada kitsiurtla naujuT .”husum“ uata ”nawal“ naacabretek utauses

.nasilut

)c esoprup evisausreP rep naujut( )fisaus .

nasagag naranebek naka acabmep arap naknikayem naujutreb gnay nasiluT

.nakaratuid gnay

)d esoprup lanoitamrofnI )nagnarenep naujut ,lanoisamrofni naujut( .

mem naujutreb gnay nasiluT /nagnaretek uata isamrofni ireb adapek nagnarenep

.acabmep arap

)e fleS - esoprup evisserpxe .)irid naataynrep naujut(

gnaragnep gnas irid nakataynem uata naklanekrepmem naujutreb gnay nasiluT

.acabmep arap adapek

)f esoprup evitaerC .)fitaerk naujut(

.irid naataynrep naujut nagned nagnubuhreb tare ini naujuT nanigniek“ ipateT

aerk ynrep ihibelem inis id ”fit ,irid naata nagned aynirid naktabilem nad

iek ,kitsitra amron iapacnem nanign ,laedi gnay ines uata nasiluT .namadi ines

ialin iapacnem naujutreb gnay - ,kitsitra ialin ialin - .nainesek ialin

)g melborP - esoprup gnivlos nahacemep naujut( .)halasam

gnay halasam nakhacemem nigni silunep gnas ini itrepes nasilut malaD

.ipadahid ,naksalejnem nigni silunep gnaS atres ihajalejnem atres nakhinrejnem

narikip tamrec araces itilenem - nasagag nad narikip - raga iridnes aynnasagag

id nad itregnemid tapad bmep arap helo amiret ,elppiH( .aca ,nagiraT aiv 3791

52 :2891 .)


42

k satnipes araces halnaikimeD ,silunem naitregnep nakakumekid halet sali

,isgnuf .silunem naujut nad lah iuhategneM - halet gnay itrepes sitiroet lah

maj utaus nakapurem muleb sata id nakakumekid nagned akerem awhab nani

ayniridnes ,kiab gnay silunep idajnem nad kiab gnilap araC .gnulu gnay silunep

gned halada kiab silunem anamiagab irajalepmem kutnu fitkefe abocnem nalaj na

,idaJ .silunem unem nahital kaynab nad ketkarp gnusgnal tapad awsis gnaroes .sil

.silunem namalagnep naktapadnem awsis nakidajnem hitalreb kaynaB

idajnem naka gnay haluti aynup akerem gnay namalagneP malad kiabret urug

.akerem silunem narajalebmep

3.2.2 ,natakedneP ,edoteM ,kinkeT igetartS nad asahaB narajalebmeP malad

aisenodnI

)1 regneP ,natakedneP nait ,edoteM igetartS nad ,kinkeT

takikah inagnanem gnay fitalerok ismusa takgnarepes halada natakedneP

ebmep nad narajagnep al ( asahab naraj ,uyaharirT :7002 .)31 tapad natakedneP

rp padahret atik gnadnap tudus uata kalot kitit iagabes nakitraid .narajalebmep seso

gnusgnal narajalebmep igetarts naknurunem urug adap tasupreb gnay natakedneP

( noitcurtsni tcerid .irotisopske narajalebmep uata fitkuded narajalebmep ,)

naknurunem awsis adap tasupreb gnay narajalebmep natakednep ,nakgnadeS

ebmep igetarts narajal yrevocsid bmep igetarts atres iriukni nad fitkudni narajale

6002 ,ayajnaS( : .)721

anacner nakisatnemelpmignem kutnu nakanugid gnay arac halada edoteM

apacret tapad narajalebmep naujut raga nususid hadus gnay narajalebmep araces i

( lamitpo ,ayajnaS 2 .)600 utaS .natakednep irad narabaj nakapurem edoteM


52

.edotem iagabreb malad ek nakrabajid tapad natakednep edoteM rudesorp halada

.naujut naiapacnep ek naksukofid gnay narajalebmep

akgnar malad gnaroeses nakukalid gnay arac halada kinkeT

akisatnemelpmignem surah gnay anamiagab gnay arac ,aynlasiM .edotem utaus n

?neisife nad fitkefe nalajreb nakukalid gnay hamarec edotem raga nakukalid

aynkiabes hamarec sesorp nakukalem gnaroes mulebes naikimed nagneD

.isautis nad isidnok nakitahrepmem oR turuneM e ts 002( hayi ,)1 kinket

nay naijaynep arac halada narajalebmep kutnu urug iasaukid g

/rajagnem rajalep nahab nakijaynem ,salek malad id awsis adapek na alep raga naraj

,pakgnatid tapad tubesret ,imahapid .kiab nagned awsis helo nakanugid nad

repmem kutnu nakanugid igetartS malad nalisahrebek uata naseskusek helo

gnay naanacnerep iagabes nakitraid tapad narajalebmep igetartS .naujut iapacnem

tnet isireb edid gnay nataigek naiakgnar gna naujut iapacnem kutnu nias

ep 6002 ,ayajnaS( utnetret nakididn : s naksalejid ayntujnaleS .)621 igetart

nad urug nakajrekid surah gnay narajalebmep nataigek utaus halada narajalebmep

fe araces iapacid tapad narajalebmep naujut raga awsis ,ayajnaS( neisife nad fitke

6002 : ankam nagned sketnok kaynab malad nakanugid gnires igetarts halitsI .)621

es gnay utaus iagabes nakitraid asib igetarts narajagnep sketnok malaD .amas ulal

urug nakadnit mumu alop - narajagnep sativitka isatsefinam malad kidid atresep

( 1002 ,hayitseoR : ,uti aratnemeS .)23 iakamem gnanes hibel lieW nad ecyoJ

ledom halitsi - ledom narajagnep igetarts nakanuggnem adapirad rajagnem

( 1002 ,hayitseoR : )33 . rajagnem igetarts awhab naksalejnem anajduS anaN

sesorp nakanaskalem malad urug nakanugid gnay ”kitkat“ halada )narajagnep(


62

arap ihuragnepmem tapad raga )narajagnep( rajagnem rajaleb atresep( awsis

neisife nad fitkefe hibel araces narajagnep naujut iapacnem )kidid . M anaN turune

anajduS 1002 ,hayitseoR aiv( )33 : adap ada narajagnep/rajagnem igetarts ,

taas adap iridnes uti urug nataubrep uata atayn nakadnit iagabes ,naanaskalep

rajagnem ubmar adap nakrasadreb - nakrasadreB .narajalep nautas malad ubmar

surah narajalebmep igetarts awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad ,sata id tapadnep

nakanugid gnay kinket nad rudesorp/edotem gnatnet nasalejnep gnudnagnem

D .gnusgnalreb narajalebmep sesorp amales narajalebmep igetarts ,nial atak nagne

,aynitrA .kinket nad edotem adapirad saul hibel gnay itra iaynupmem

igetarts irad naigab nakapurem narajalebmep kinket nad rudesorp/edotem

naknurutid narajalebmep kinket ,edotem iraD .narajalebmep ,fitakilpa araces

yn ,ata .gnusgnalreb narajalebmep taas salek id sitkarp nad

)2 sineJ - ,natakedneP sineJ ,edoteM aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP igetartS nad

.a sineJ - aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP natakedneP sineJ

dap isatabid ini nasilut malad aisenodnI asahab narajalebmep natakedneP a

natakednep utiay ,natakednep macam tapme egaugnal elohw natakednep ,

.fitargetni natakednep nad ,fitakinumok natakednep ,lautsketnok

)1 natakedneP egaugnaL elohW

egaugnal elohW gnay asahab narajalebmep natakednep utaus halada

em nakijayn s asahab narajalebmep hasipret kadit uata hutu arace - .hasip

( ayajnaS , 6002 ilha araP .) egaugnal elohw asahab awhab nanikayekreb

utas nakapurem ( nautasek elohw hasipid tapad kadit gnay ) - helO .hasip

,uti anerak asahab nenopmok nad asahabreb nalipmaretek narajagnep


72

ab atat itrepes asah nad ankamreb hutu araces nakijasid atakasok nad

uata atayn isautis malad adnat naanuggnep gnatnet narajagneP .kitneto

nakrajaid ,aynamapmu ,acab narajalebmep nagned nagnubuhes

aguj naikimeD .silunem nalipmaretek tapad acabmem narajalebmep

eb nakrajaid narajalebmep nagned naamasr artsas narajalebmep ,aracibreb

nagned naamasreb nakijasid tapad silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep

.aracibreb nupuata

malad ,uti nialeS natakednep egaugnal elohw asahab narajalebmep ,

nakijasid aguj tapad p iretam nagned sugilakes aynamapmu ,nial narajale

asahab - ,akitametam asahab - ,SPI asahab - ,snias asahab - .amaga

natakedneP egaugnal elohw gnay emsivitkurtsnok mahap helo irasadid

iulalem aynnauhategnep iridnes kutnebmem kana awhab nakataynem

narep ( hutu araces rajaleb malad aynfitka elohw ( udapret nad ) detargetni )

( 6002 ,ayajnaS 2 : tahilem akerem akij rajaleb kutnu isavitomret kanA .)3

nirajalepid gnay awhab .akerem igab ankamreb gnamem ay gnarO

,asawed nagnukgnil nakaideynem kutnu nabijawekreb ,urug ini lah malad

gnay s kutnu gnajnunem .kiab nagned rajaleb tapad akerem raga awsi

urug isgnuF salek malad egaugnal elohw rotanimised isgnuf irad habureb

idajnem isamrofni .rotatilisaf

iriC - egaugnaL elohW saleK iric

salek nakadnanem gnay iric hujut adA egaugnal elohw :

nakparenem gnay saleK .a egaugnal elohw .nakatec gnarab nagned hunep

gnaraB - awsis ajrek lisah retsoP .rajaleb tudus nad tenibak tubesret gnarab


82

isaihgnem nad gnidnid .draob nitellub nad awsis silut ayraK trahc gnay

nakitnaggnem awsis taubid draob nitellub S .urug helo taubid gnay hala

utas iagabreb ipakgnelid gnay naakatsuprep idajnem habuid salek tudus

sinej ukub ,sumak ,narok ,halajam ,)sket ukub aynah kadit( ukub

nad kujnutep .aynnial katec gnarab iagabreb

amasreb awsis nad uruG .hotnoc uata ledom iulalem rajaleb awsiS .b -

amas m .aracibreb nad ,kamiynem ,silunem ,acabmem nataigek nakukale

.aynnagnabmekrep takgnit nagned iauses rajaleb nad ajrekeb awsiS .c

id urug nareP .narajalebmep malad bawaj gnuggnat igabreb awsiS .d

salek egaugnal elohw gnem awsis nad rotatilisaf iagabes aynah hila libma

.urug helo nakukalid aynasaib gnay bawaj gnuggnat aparebeb

lah malaD .ankamreb narajalebmep malad fitka araces tabilret awsiS .e

ini .haraitlum halada urug iskaretni

kadit uruG .nemirepskereb sabeb nad okisir libmagnem inareb awsiS .f

kparahgnem nopser halada gnitnep gnay ,naanrupmesek na s nabawaj uata

.amiretid tapad awsis nakirebid gnay

nakilab tapadnem awsiS .g )kcab deef( nupuam urug irad kiab fitisop

adap natapmesek irebmem awsis nad urug aratna isnerefnoK .aynnamet

inep nakukalem kutnu awsis .irid nagnabmekrep tahilem nad irid naial

awsiS nopser naktapadnem aynnasilut lisah nakisatneserpmem gnay

irad fitisop .irid ayacrep asar naktikgnabmem tapad ini laH .aynnamet

malad fitka narepreb awsis awhab tahilret tapad tubesret iric hujutek iraD

ebmep nakiapmayem salek naped id igal iridreb ulrep kadit uruG .narajal


92

.iretam tatacnem nad itamagnem salek gnililekreb urug rotatilisaf iagabeS

nataigek .lamrofni araces awsis ialinem urug ini lah malaD .awsis

egaugnaL elohW saleK malad naialineP

salek malaD w egaugnal eloh nakitahrepmem asaitnanes urug

amales lamrofni araceS .awsis helo nakukalid gnay nataigek

,silunem awsis nakitahrepmem urug gnusgnalreb narajalebmep

isuksid nupuam kopmolek malad kiab isuksidreb awsis nakragnednem

pakacreb awsis akiteK .salek - ,urug nagned uata aynnamet nagned pakac

taas naialinep nakirebmem aguj urug ,nakhaB .nakukalid aguj naialinep

aguj naialinep ,naidumeK .taharitsi utkaw amales niamreb awsis

nupualaW .isnerefnok nakadagnem urug nad awsis akitek gnusgnalreb

hilret kadit urug awabmem ta - tala nakanuggnem urug ,ukub awab

,nial atak nagneD .todkena natatac nad isavresbo rabmel itrepes naialinep

salek malad egaugnal elohw awsis adap naialinep nakirebmem urug

,lamrofni naialinep nialeS .gnusgnalreb narajalebmep sesorp amales

ialinep oilofotroP .oilofotrop nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid aguj na

nagneD .narajalebmep nataigek amales ajrek lisah nalupmuk halada

.kitneto araces tahilret tapad awsis nagnabmekrep oilofotrop

lautsketnoK natakedneP )2

s awhab nakismusagnem lautsketnok natakedneP narikip larutan arace

iracnem gnaroeses nagnukgnil atayn isautis nagned iauses sketnok ankam

iulalem iulaleM .taafnamreb nad laka kusam nagnubuh nairacnep

iretam naudamep awsis nairahesek namalagnep nagned irajalepid gnay


03

naklisahgnem naka rasad - gnep rasad naka awsiS .maladnem gnay nauhate

nakanuggnem upmam halasam nakiaseleynem kutnu aynnauhategnep -

muleb gnay urab halasam natakgninep nagned aynipadahid hanrep

.aynnauhategnep nad namalagnep nugnabmem tapad nakparahid awsiS

nakparetid naka gnay aynnauhategnep irahes napudihek malad - irah

halet gnay narajalep iretam nakudamem nagned .halokes id aynamiretid

nworB ni egaG nahtaN 6002 ,ayajnaS aiv( ) narajagnep nakisinifednem

“ ,tukireb iagabes si gnihcaeT gnilbane ,gninrael gnitatilicaf dna gnidiug

el ot renrael eht eht gnittes ,nra ”,gninrael rof snoitidnoc . rajagneM

itrareb mep naknikgnumem rajaleb isatilisafmem nad udnamem b rajale

,rajaleb kutnu .rajaleb isidnok nakatpicnem

tapad kadit narajagnep awhab nakkujnunem sata id isinifeD

irad nakhasipid gneP .narajalebmep gnay nataigek nakapurem naraja

urug helo nakatpicid sesorp malad awsis isatilisafmem kutnu

nakapurem narajagneP .narajalebmep nakulremem tagnas gnay nataigek

nagned aguj naikimeD .awsis natabilretek gnay lautsketnok natakednep

.awsis adap tasupreb tsketnoK kutnebid gnay hadiak halada lau

uti lautsketnok duskam naksazareb K .iridnes aynsurahes lautsketno

isi narajalemep ek rajalep awabmem upmam naanekreb gnay pesnok nad

irebmem aguj nad ,akerem igab naveler uata napudihek malad ankam

mep ,idaJ .akerem nairahes lautsketnok narajale ispesnok utas nakapurem

urug utnabmem gnay narajalebmep nad narajagnep nahab naktiagnem

nad aynranebes ainud isautis nagned irajalepid gnay kejbus


13

nauhategnep aratna nagnubuh taubmem kutnu rajalemep nakisavitomem

lad aynisakilpa nagned atoggna iagabes akerem nairah napudihek ma

,agraulek .ajrekep nad ,takaraysam

nosnhoJ .B enialE )6002 :ayajnaS aiv( nasalejnep nakirebmem

awhab gnihcaeT lautxetnoC gninraeL metsis haubes halada )LTC(

ifosolif adap nakrasadid gnay rajaleb upmam awsis awhab pareynem

ankam pakgnanem akerem alibapa narajalep gnay simedaka iretam malad

ankam pakgnanem akerem nad ,amiret akerem sagut malad - halokes sagut

nagned urab isamrofni naktiagnem asib akerem akij nad nauhategnep

nmulebes ikilim akerem hadus gnay namalagnep .ay natakednep malaD

,hupmetid surah gnay nenopmok napaled ada ,lautsketnok )1 :utiay

natiakretek taubmeM - nakukalem )2 ,ankamreb gnay natiakretek

nay naajrekep ,itrareb g ,iridnes rutaid gnay narajalebmep nakukalem )3

)4 nad sitirk rikipreb )5 ,amas ajrekeb udividni utnabmem )6 ,fitaerk

hubmut kutnu 7 ,gnabmekreb nad ,iggnit gnay radnats iapacnem ) )8

nakanuggnem naialinep .kitnetua

natakednep awhab naksalejid tapad sata id naitregnep nakrasadreB

naktiagnem gnay rajaleb pesnok nakkitkarpmem halada lautsketnok

iretam araces awsiS .awsis atayn ainud isautis nagned irajalepid gnay

amasreb - amas akerem naknikgnumem gnay metsis utaus kutnebmem

id ankam tahilem .aynmalad nakparetid tapad lautsketnok natakedneP

kadiT .ajas apa narajalep atam malad tam malad ilaucekret narajalep a

,LTC pesnok turuneM .aisenodnI asahaB ankamreb hibel naka rajaleB“


23

‘ kidid kana akij ’imalagnem gnay apa radekes nakub ,aynirajalepid

‘ ’iuhategnem .”aynirajalepid gnay apa isatneiroreb gnay narajalebmeP

itkubret iretam naasaugnep tegrat adap reb isitepmok malad lisah

malad lagag ipatet ,kednep akgnaj ’tagnignem‘ kidid kana ilakebmem

akgnaj napudihek malad nalaosrep nakhacemem gnajnap ( ,ayajnaS

6002 : .)16

urug arap utnabmem gnay rajaleb pesnok nakapurem LTC

aratna naktiagnem nakrajaid gnay iretam awsis atayn isautis nagned ayn

awsis gnorodnem nad gnay nauhategnep aratna nagnubuh taubmem

aynnaparenep nagned ikilimid atoggna iagabes akerem napudihek malad

nagneD .takaraysam nad agraulek narajalebmep lisah ,uti pesnok

kutneb malad haimala gnusgnalreb nataigek nad ajrekeb awsis

adapek urug irad nauhategnep refsnart nakub ,imalagnem sesorP .awsis

.lisah adapirad nakgnitnepid hibel narajalebmep gnihcaeT lautxetnoC

gninraeL dna natakednep utaus halada )LTC( gnay narajalebmep

lretek sesorp adapek naknakenem araces awsis natabi tapad kutnu hunep

aynnakgnubuhgnem nad irajalepid gnay iretam nakumenem nagned

tapad kutnu awsis gnorodnem aggnihes atayn napudihek isautis

malad aynnakparenem 6002 ,ayajnaS( akerem napudihek : .)901 iraD

nay lah agit ada tubesret pesnok .imahap atik surah g ,amatreP LTC

.iretam nakumenem kutnu awsis natabilretek sesorp adapek naknakenem

araces namalagnep sesorp adap nakisatneiroid rajaleb sesorp ,aynitrA

raga nakparahgnem kadit LTC sketnok malad rajaleb sesorP .gnusgnal


33

awsis irenem aynah sesorp halada nakamatuid gnay ipatet ,narajalep am

nad iracnem .narajalep iretam iridnes nakumenem

audeK nagnubuh nakumenem tapad awsis raga gnorodnem LTC ,

iretam aratna ,aynitrA .atayn napudihek isautis nagned irajalepid gnay

kutnu tutnutid awsis m tapad namalagnep aratna nagnubuh pakgnane

nagned halokes id rajaleb babes gnitnep tagnas ini laH .atayn napudihek

nakisalerokgnem tapad nagned napudihek nagned nakumetid gnay iretam

uti aynirajalepid gnay iretam ,atayn nad lanoisgnuf araces ankamreb naka

anatret awsis iromem malad tare m hadum naka kadit aggnihes

.nakapulret

agiteK nakparenem tapad kutnu awsis gnorodnem LTC ,

aynnauhategnep aynah kadit LTC ,aynitrA .napudihek malad

tapad awsis nakparahgnem ipatet ,aynirajalepid gnay iretam imahamem

anamiagab retam tapad uti i napudihek malad aynukalirep ianrawem

irahes - malad narajalep iretaM .irah id kupmutid kutnu kadit LTC sketnok

ipatet ,nakapulid naidumek nad kato malad akerem igab lakeb iagabes

.atayn napudihek sesorp malad gnitnep kitsiretkarak amil tapadreT

p gnay narajalebme :LTC nakanuggnem

nauhategnep nafitkagnep sesorp nakapurem narajalebmep LTC malaD .a

( ada hadus gnay egdelwonk gnivitca irajalepid naka gnay apa ,aynitrA .)

,naikimed nagneD .irajalepid hadus gnay nauhategnep irad sapelret kadit

nauhategnep hutu gnay nauhategnep halada awsis helorepid naka gnay

.nial amas utas natiakretek ikilimem gnay


43

akgnar malad narajalebmep halada lautsketnok gnay narajalebmeP .b

nad helorepmem ( urab nauhategnep habmanem egdelwonk gniriuqca .)

id tapad uti urab nauhategneP ,aynitrA .fitkuded arac nagned helorep

naidumek nahurulesek araces irajalepmem nagned ialumid narajalebmep

.aynliated nakitahrepmem

( nauhategnep namahameP .c egdelwonk gnidnatsrednu itrareb )

nauhategnep kutnu naknialem ,lafahid kutnu nakub helorepid gnay

d .inikayid nad imahapi

( tubesret namalagnep nad nauhategnep nakkitkarpmeM .d gniylppa

egdelwonk ,aynitrA .) aynhelorepid gnay namalagnep nad nauhategnep

.atayn napudihek malad nakisakilpaid tapad surah

( iskelfer nakukaleM .e egdelwonk gnitcelfer ts padahret ) igetar

nagnabmegnep kilab napmu iagabes nakukalid ini laH .nauhategnep

nakiabrep sesorp kutnu .igetarts naanrupmeynep nad

,nial isis iD 011 :6002( ayajnaS hakgnal nakrawanem ) - sitkarp hakgnal

.LTC nakrasadreb narajalebmep igetarts nakanuggnem

tes naktiaK .a malad seskus gnay hokot gnaroes nagned narajalep atam pai

.tubesret narajalep atam nakparenem

arac nakumet uata hokot gnas pudih tayawir uluhad hibelret nakhasiK .b -

arac gnay umli nakparenem malad hokot gnas hupmetid gnay seskus

.aynikilimid


53

ad naksumuR .c kana adapek kifiseps nad salej gnay taafnam nakkujnut n

kidid adapek nakrajaid gnay )narajalep atam( umli nagned natiakreb

.akerem

umli raga nakayapU .d - isavitomem tapad halokes id irajalepid gnay umli

kana ek nagned aynnaktiagnem nad gnalugnem kutnu kidid napudih

nairahesek .akerem

umli iskurtsnokgnem kutnu kidid kana paites adapek nasabebek nakireB .e

nakumenem tapad kidid kana aggnihes fitkejbus araces aynamiretid gnay

.aynirid nagned kococ gnay haimala rajaleb arac iridnes

gnay isome naayakek halilaG .f nakraib nad kidid kana paites irid adap ada

akerem .sabeb nagned aynnakiserpskegnem

narajalebmep paites malad isome nakanuggnem kutnu akerem gnibmiB .g

ais kadit( itra hunep kidid kana aggnihes - .)halokes id rajaleb malad ais

,sata id nasalejnep nakrasadreB naujutreb lautsketnok natakednep itrareb

nakparetid tapad lebiskelf araces gnay nauhategnep nagned awsis ilakebmem

sketnok utas irad nad nial nahalasamrep ek nahalasamrep utas irad )refsnartid( ek

leb awsis )a( :nakparahid refsnart nagneD .aynnial sketnok irad raja imalagnem

kub ,iridnes ;’nial gnaro nairebmep‘ irad na nad nalipmaretek )b( uti nauhategnep

imed tikides )tipmes( satabret gnay sketnok irad saulrepid igab gnitneP )c( ;tikides

ai ’anamiagab‘ nad ,rajaleb ai ’apa kutnu‘ uhat awsis gnep nakanuggnem nauhate

.uti nalipmaretek nad


63

fitakinumoK natakedneP )3

alumreb asahab narajalebmep malad fitakinumok natakednep aynlucnuM

irad nahaburep aynada - id asahab narajalebmep isidart malad nahaburep

sirggnI 0691 nuhat adap - noisautis natakednep nakanuggnem na ,nagiraT( la

:9891 .)072 nakrajaid asahab ,lanoisautis araces asahab narajalebmep malaD

arac nagned rutkurts nakhitalem/nakkitkarpmem - malad rasad rutkurts

nataigek iagabreb .ankamreb gnay isautis nakrasadreb

nagnabmekrep malad ,numaN itrepes ,ayntujnales kitsiugnil iroet aynlah

,emsilaugniloidua irasadnem gnay adap takireS akiremA id kalotid

nuhat nahagnetrep 0691 - rakap arap nad na nup sirggnI naparet kitsiugnil

ismusa nakhalasamrepmem ialum - gnay ismusa narajagnep irasadnem

turuneM .lanoisautis asahab ada kadit ,akerem kutnu naped asam/naparah

kusam kadit gnay nasagag rajagnem naksurenem nalamarep padahret laka

awitsirep nakrasadreb asahab - .lanoisautis awitsirep nakhutubid gnay apA

asahab ianegnem tamrec hibel gnay iduts utaus halada nad iridnes uti

mek napacu awhab lanoisidart pesnok adapek ilab - napacu gnudnagnem

duskam atres ankam nakiserpskegnem nad aynirid malad ankam - duskam

4891 ,ttawoH( aynnakatpicnem gnay silunep nad aracibmep aiv ,nagiraT

:9891 .)072

atakednep utaus halada fitakinumok natakedneP kutnu naujutreb gnay n

aguj ,asahab narajalebmep naujut iagabes fitakinumok isnetepmok taubmem

rudesorp nakgnabmegnem - nalipmaretek 4 narajalebmep igab rudesorp


73

nad iukagnem ,)silunem nad ,aracibreb ,acabmem ,kamiynem( asahabreb

utnagretek gnilas iagrahgnem .asahab nagn

gnilas gnay nataigek 2 aynada halada fitakinumok natakednep amatu iriC

nataigek aynada inkay ,tare natiakreb - lanoisgnuf fitakinumok nataigek

( seivitca noitacinummoc lanoitcnuf nataigek nad ) - ayntafis gnay nataigek

( laisos iskaretni tni laicos seivitca noitcare fitakinumok nataigeK .)

lanoisgnuf nad igabreb )b ;isamofni halognem )a :inkay ,lah 4 sata iridret

halognem nad ;satabret amas ajrek nagned isamrofni igabreb )c ;isamrofni

igabreb )d retni nataigeK .satabret kat amas ajrek nagned isamrofni iska

sata iridret laisos nokal isasivorpmi )a :inkay ,lah 6 - ;ucul gnay kednep nokal

;isalumis akena )b gnadis )d ;narep niamreb nad golaid )c - gnadis

)f nad ;isuksid )e ;isasrevnok .tabedreb natiakreb gnay kepsa napaled adA

itakinumok natakednep nagned tare ( f 472 :9891 ,nagiraT :utiay ,)

asahab iroet nakrasadreb fitakinumoK natakedneP asahaB iroeT .a

kutnu metsis utaus halada asahab ayntakikah adap awhab nakataynem

nad kitnames isnemid adap naknakenem gnay ,ankam nakiserpskegnem

iric adapirad fitakinumok - ric gnay ,uti anerak helO .asahab lakitamarg i

ulrep nakub ,asahab isakinumok nad iskaretni halada naklojnotid

nauhategnep .asahab gnatnet

naheloremep iroet halada ini natakednep kutnu kococ gnay rajaleb iroeT .b

.haimala araces audek asahab

abmegnem naujuT .c isakinumokreb kutnu awsis naupmamek nakgn

.)fitakinumok isnamrofrep nad isnetepmok(


83

gnay naujut nad narajalebmep naujut nagned haraes nususid surah subaliS .d

.awsis nahutubek nagned iauses hilipid gnay iretam nad naksumurid

rakunem rakut nataigek epiT .e nataigek uata ankam isaisogen ,isamrofni

nial .liir tafisreb gnay

,set nad sagut napisitrap ,isakinumok sesorp rotatilisaf urug nareP .f

.rajaleb sesorp rejanam nad ,rolesnok ,nahutubek sisilanagnep

kadit awsis aggnihes ,amirenep nad irebmep awsis nareP .g aynah

iasaugnem .aynankam nad kutneb aguj ipat ,asahab kutneb

asahabreb narihamek naktakgninem ahasu gnukudnep iretam nanareP .h

.atayn isakinumok kadnit malad

rudesorP - fitakinumok natakednep nakrasadreb narajalebmep rudesorp

hibel ad renoisulove tafisreb nataigek sirag nupadA .renoisulover adapir

narajalebmep ,takgnis golaid naijaynep :halada akerem nakrawatid gnay

nasil nahitalep nad haalenep ,bawaj aynat naijaynep ,nakijasid gnay golaid

,naijakgnep p sativitka ,fitaterpretni sativitka ,nalupmis nakiranep iskudor

nairebmep ,nasil .isaulave naanaskalep ,sagut

fitargetnI natakedneP )4

gnay natakednep iagabes nakankamid tapad fitargetnI natakedneP

sesorp utas malad ek kepsa aparebeb nakutaynem )9891 ,nagiraT( fitargetnI .

idajnem igabret a nad iduts gnadibretni iduts gnadibretnI .iduts gnadibratn

aparebeb aynitra ,aynlasiM .nakisargetniid iduts gnadib utas malad kepsa

nakragnednem siluneM .silunem nad aracibreb nagned nakisargetniid

nagned nakisargetniid naasahabek iretaM .acabmem nad aracibreb


93

ned nakisargetniid nag iduts gnadibratna fitargetnI .asahab nalipmaretek

naisargetnignep nakapurem ,aynlasiM .iduts gnadib aparebeb irad nahab

nagned aisenodnI asahab .aynnial iduts gnadib nagned uata akitametam

uts gnadibretni fitargetni ,aisenodnI asahab narajalebmep malaD hibel id

kaynab gnusgnal araces kadit urug ,tamilak nakrajagnem taaS .nakanugid

uata acabmem nagned ilawaid ipatet awsis ek tamilak iretam nakrodoynem

iadnap gnay urug ,nakhaB .sipit araces rutaid aynnahadnipreP .aynnial gnay

m naiapmaynep nakisargetnignem kadit awsis nakbabeynem tapad ireta

.iretam nahadniprep nakasarem malad nakparahid tagnas fitargetnI

.aisenodnI asahab narajalebmep iauses nakisakilpaid aynnaisargetnigneP

ulrep gnay rasad isnetepmok nagned .awsis ikilimid

.b sineJ - narajalebmeP edoteM sineJ aisenodnI asahaB

laugniloiduA edoteM )1

nakamatugnem tagnas laugniloidua edoteM llird edoteM .)nagnalugnep(

uti lucnum asahab rajaleb malad hupmetid gnay utkaw aynamal ulalret anerak

tegrat )9891 ,nagiraT( augnep ulrep ,utnetret nagnitnepek kutnu lahadaP . naas

nagned asahab p nakrasadreb gnay laugniloidua malaD .tapec natakedne

asahab ,uti larutkurts nahitalep nad ,atak lafal adap nakharucid nakrajaid gnay

alop - tamilak alop ilakreb - kutnu awsis atnimem uruG .fisnetni araces ilak

gnalugnem - iapmas gnalu a kadit .nahalasek ad hakgnaL - gnay hakgnal

uata golaid naijaynep )a( halada nakukalid aynasaib gnay kednep sket

gnalureb urug nakacabid - apnat kamiynem awsis nad gnalu gnay sket tahilem

tamilak paites uti sket nalafahgnep nad naurinep )b( ,acabid katneres araces


04

ad nakhitalid tamilak naijaynep )c( ,aynnaklafahgnem awsis n nagned

naidumek nakhitalid gnay sket uata golaid isasitamard )d( ,nagnalugnep awsis

gnay nial tamilak nakutnebmep )e( nad ,salek naped id nakagarepmem iauses

nakhitalid gnay nagned .

inumoK edoteM )2 fitak

nalipmaretek aumes pukacnem surah fitakinumok nataumreb gnay niaseD

asahabreb )9891 ,nagiraT( . kisasinagroid naujut paiteS malad ek na

paiteS .narajalebmep terknok naujut malad ek nakkifisepsid narajalebmep

kudorp nakapurem gnay d kudorp haubeS .rihka iagabes nakduskamid inis i

tapad gnay isamrofni haubes ek nakijasid uata ,nakaratuid ,silutid ,imahapid

kucupeS .sitsiugnilnon malad alup naikimeD .kudorp haubes halada tarus

,naropal ,nasep ,hatnirep haubes tapad gnay kudorp nakapurem aguj ,atep uata

ilid nagneD .itamaid nad tah kudorp ,utigeb - naklisahid tubesret kudorp

gnay sagut naiaseleynep iulalem .lisahreb nasep nakiapmaynem aynhotnoC

naujut nagned iauses gnay nial gnaro adapek T .narajalebmep tapad uti nauju

idajnem hacepid )b( ,nasep imahamem )a( gnem kutnu naaynatrep nakuja

nakujagnem )c( ,naugarek nakgnalihgnem helorepmem kutnu naaynatrep

)e( ,natatac taubmem )d( ,isamrofni kaynab hibel araces natatac nusuynem

.nasil araces nasep nakiapmaynem )f( nad ,sigol iretam kutnu ,utigeb nagneD

apmaynep nasahab sativitka ,ajas nasep nai nugnabret tapad isakinumok

awsis taubmem nad ,maladnem ,kiranem araces .fisnetni hibel


14

fitkudorP edoteM )3

surah awsiS .silunem nad aracibreb adap nakharaid fitkudorp edoteM

kaynab em nagneD .aynnasagag nakgnaunem uata aracibreb nakanuggn

edotem naunem tapad awsis nakparahid fitkudorp tapadret gnay nasagag nakg

malad nutnur araces silunem nad aracibreb nalipmaretek malad ek aynnarikip

)9891 ,nagiraT( aumeS . nakanuggnem nagned nakiapmasid gnay nasagag

.fitakinumok gnay asahab d gnaY halada inis id fitakinumok nagned duskami

nopser aynada s nawal irad halada atik aracib nawal aracibreb atik aliB .aracib

silunem atik alib ,ragnednep .acabmep halada atik aracib nawal

gnusgnaL edoteM )4

b gnay asahab rajaleb awhab ismusareb gnusgnal edoteM rajaleb halada kia

.isakinumok malad fisnetni araces asahab nakanuggnem gnusgnal gnay

naujuT awsis raga nasil araces asahab naanuggnep halada gnusgnal edotem

tapad id aisenodnI asahab naanuggnep itrepes haimala araces isakinumokreb

takaraysam 891 ,nagiraT( )9 . siS nahital irebid aw - kutnu nahital

aynitra nagned tamilak nakisaisosagnem ,naagarep ,isartsnomed iulalem

.gnusgnal araces kimim atres ,nakareg

irotapisitraP edoteM )5

awsis natabilretek naknakenem hibel irotapisitrap narajalebmep edoteM

araces hunep T( )9891 ,nagira nalisahrebek utnenep iagabes paggnaid awsiS .

awsiS .rajaleb ,fitka isapisitrapreb nagneD .rajaleb kejbus iagabes nakkududid

tapad awsis udnamep iagabes tafisreb aynah uruG .rajaleb lisah nakumenem

uata .rotatilisaf irotapisitrap edotem malaD ukalreb nad ,simanid ,fitka awsis


24

.kejbus iagabes fitka aguj urug ipatet ,fisap surah urug itrareb nakub ,numaN

malad nad ,gnidnid nasilut ,rabmag ,araus nagned awsis rajaleb isatilisafmem

savitom nagned hunep gnay udnamep iagabes narepreb uruG .ayniagabes ,i

idajnem awsis sketnoK .fitaerk nad rotaredom iagabes narepreb iadnap

.amatu naupmut

acabmeM edoteM )6

naupmamek iaynupmem awsis raga naujutreb acabmem edoteM

imahamem .awsis rajaleb malad nakulrepid gnay naacab sket tukireB

hakgnal - cabmem edotem hakgnal a )9891 ,nagiraT( .

P )1( .awsis ek urug irad rakus paggnaid gnay halitsi nad atakasok nairebme

laH tamilak malad ek hotnoc nad isinifed nagned nakirebid ini .

01 amales maid nagned acabid naacaB .salek id naacab naijayneP )2( - 51

tinem tkaw tapecrepmem kutnu( )aynmulebes irahes nakirebid tapad naacab ,u

bawaj aynat iulalem tapad naacab isi isuksiD )3( .

akij nakukalid uti laH .takgnis nagned nakukalid asahab atat naaracibmeP )4(

urug helo ulrep gnadnapid .

naveler gnay atakasok naaracibmeP )5( .

agut nairebmeP )6( uata )naacab nagned naveler aynisi( gnaragnem itrepes s

ayniagabes nad ,namukgnar ,rasithki ,margaid ,ameks ,haned taubmem gnay

.naacab isi nagned natiakreb

kitameT edoteM )7

nakisargetniid narajalebmep iretam nenopmok aumes ,kitamet edotem malaD

malad ek naumetrep tinu utas malad amas gnay amet )9891 ,nagiraT( gnaY .


34

imahapid ulrep nakanugid gnay tala ipatet naujut halnakub amet awhab halada

iapacnem kutnu nakijasid nad haloid surah tubesret ameT .narajalebmep naujut

araces nok ,reropmetnok ,satilautsketnok .lautpesnok nad ,terk halet gnay ameT

nagnukgnil nagnabmekrep nagned haloid halsurah nakutnetid idajret gnay awsis

reropmetnok araces nakijasid amet isi alup utigeB .ini taas awsis aggnihes

aguj awsis nagnukgnil id gnarakes idajret gnay apA .gnanes t surah nad sahabre

kartsba araces nakijasid kadit ameT .salek id nakisuksidret nakirebid ipatet

sesorp itukignem tapad awsis aumeS .terknok araces nagned narajalebmep

pesnoK .ayniaynupid gnay akigol - kadit rasad pesnok takgnareb awsiS .sapelret

lana ek pesnok irad pesnok ek sisilana irad uata sisi nad ,naanuggnep ,naasahabek

.namahamep

mutnauK edoteM )8

gninraeL mutnauQ gnay rajaleb natakednep edotem nakapurem )LQ(

upmutreb rajaleb natapecek nakamatugnem LQ .vonazoL nad erierF edotem irad

nagned p irotapisitrap arac isidnok malad irid isnetop tahilem malad kidid atrese

idajnem irik kato nad nanak kato adap ucagnem rajaleb ayaG .irid naasaugnep

anemonef halada rajagnem rajaleb sesorp awhab LQ turuneM .LQ sahk iric gnay

skelpmok )9891 ,nagiraT( reb tapad utauses alageS . ,narikip ,atak paites itra

nad ,nakadnit ,isatneserp ,nagnukgnil habugnem urug anam huajes atres ,isaisosa

nad .gnusgnalreb rajaleb sesorp haluti huajes akam narajagnep nagnacnar

akgnarek nad nasadnal nakapurem salek nagnukgnil malad simanid nagnubuH

kutnu ,silunem ,acabmem ,iromemem tapad rajalebmep ,utigeb nagneD .rajaleb

.tapec nagned narikip atep taubmem nad


44

isuksiD edoteM )9

paiteS .kopmolek malad iskaretni iulalem narajalebmep sesorp halada isuksiD

si utaus gnatnet edi rakutreb gnilas kopmolek atoggna kutnu naujut nagned u

,halasam utaus nakhacemem habmanem ,naaynatrep utaus bawajnem

nasutupek utaus taubmem uata ,namahamep uata nauhategnep )9891 ,nagiraT( .

alibapA tapad narajalebmep ,salek atoggna hurules naktabilem isuksid sesorp

idajret nusgnal araces tafisreb nad g deretnec tneduts .)awsis adap tasupreb(

surah gnay naujut nakutnenem urug anerak gnusgnal narajalebmep nakatakiD

nad sukof nakutnenem atres awsis sativitka lortnognem ,isuksid iulalem iapacid

pek tasupreb nakatakiD .narajalebmep nalisahrebek naigabes anerak awsis ada

raseb tupni nad fitka araces akerem ,awsis irad lasareb narajalebmep

.akerem isuksid lisah nakumenem tapad akerem atres ,rajaleb naktakgninem

( liceK kopmoleK ajreK edoteM )01 llamS - kroW puorG )

pmolek malad awsis nakisasinagrogneM gnay edotem nakapurem licek ko

kutnu nakukalid tapad ini edoteM .kididnep arap helo nakrujnaid kaynab

iretam nakrajagnem - susuhk iretam )9891 ,nagiraT( licek kopmolek ajreK .

edotem nakapurem tutnutid awsiS .awsis adapek tasupreb gnay narajalebmep

pmem kutnu helore amasreb araces ajrekeb iulalem iridnes nanuhategnep - .amas

urug saguT nigni gnaY .awsis nakajrekid gnay apa rotinomem halaynah

iulalem halorepid uata ,laisos iskaretni naupmamek halada kopmolek ajrek

naupmamek .aynaudek aguj nikgnum uata kimedaka


54

.c J sine - aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP igetartS sineJ

( gnusgnaL narajalebmeP igetartS )1 noitcurtsnI tceriD )

kinket kutnu nakanugid gnires gnay halitsi halada gnusgnal narajalebmeP

narajalebmep sirotisopske gnires( hailuk macames naiapmaynep kinket uata ,

aguj “ halitsi nakanugid klat dna kclahc )” )22 :8991 ,otkaybuS( . igetartS

natakednep nad kutneb nakapurem gnusgnal narajalebmep gnay narajalebmep

( urug adapek isatneiroreb hcaorppa deretnec rehcaet .) kiD ,naikimed nakata

arts malad babes te rep gnagemem urug ini ig gnay na iulaleM .nanimod tagnas

narajalebmep iretam nakiapmaynem urug ini igetarts .rutkurtsret araces

awsis iasaukid tapad uti nakiapmasid gnay apa nakparahiD .kiab nagned

( kimedaka naupmamek halada ini igetarts amatu sukoF cimedaca

tnemeveihca eM .awsis ) nagned narajalebmep edot isartsnomed nad hailuk

nakapurem kutneb - .gnusgnal narajalebmep igetarts kutneb

tS )2 ajalebmeP igetar na gninraeL evitarepooC

gninraeL evitarepooC naknakenem gnay narajalebmep igetarts halada

adapek olek utaus malad amas ajrek sesorp 3 sata iridret asaib gnay kopm

5 iapmas kifiseps gnay kimedaka iretam utaus irajalepmem kutnu awsis gnaro

iapmas satnut )22 :8991 ,otkaybuS( narajalebmep igetartS . evitarepooC

gninraeL rihka relupop ialum - rihka iulaleM .ini gninraeL evitarepooC awsis

rodid araces amas ajrekeb kutnu gno naadaek nagned iauses lamiskam

inis id amas ajreK .aynkopmolek ggna paites nakduskamid kopmolek ato

y ,utnab gnilas surah surah tapec gna naialinep anerak tabmal gnay utnabmem

nalisahrebek helo nakutnetid rihka lagageK .kopmolek halada udividni na


64

aynkilabes nad ,kopmolek nalagagek halada udividni nalisahrebek

paites ,uti anerak helO .kopmolek nalisahrebek ikilimem surah atoggna

.aynkopmolek padahret hunep bawaj gnuggnat itrepes silunep aparebeB

nosnhoJ & ,nosnhoJ ,nivalS buS aiv( )52 :8991 ,otkay ada nakatagnem ,

narajalebmep igetarts malad gnitnep tagnas gnay nenopmok evitarepooc utiay

sagut nakajregnem malad fitarepook - nakirebmem malad fitarepook nad sagut

.isavitom uata nagnorod B iulalem rajale irad naksalejid tapad fitarepook

eb ,laisos fitkepsrep utiay ,fitkepsrep apareb fitingok nagnabmekrep fitkepsrep

fitkepsreP .fitingok isarobale fitkepsrep nad awhab aynitra ,isavitom

kopmolek adapek nakirebid gnay naagrahgnep atoggna paites naknikgnumem

.utnabmem gnilas naka kopmolek

nagneD imed ividni paites nalisahrebek naik halada aynrasad adap ud

nalisahrebek atoggna paites gnorodnem naka ini macames laH .kopmolek

kutnu kopmolek .aynkopmolek nalisahrebek nakgnaujrepmem fitkepsreP

as naka awsis paites fitarepook iulalem awhab aynitra laisos gnil utnabmem

atoggna aumes naknignignem akerem anerak rajaleb malad kopmolek

isaulavegnem nagned mit araces ajrekeB .nalisahrebek helorepmem

anam id ,sugab gnay milki nakapurem ,kopmolek helo iridnes nalisahrebek

aumes naknignignem kopmolek atoggna paites .nalisahrebek helorepmem ayn

iskaretni aynada nagned awhab aynitra fitingok nagnabmekrep fitkepsreP

kutnu awsis isatserp nakgnabmegnem tapad kopmolek atoggna aratna

rikipreb awhab aynitra ,fitingok isarobalE .isamrofni iagabreb halognem


74

awsis paites b naka kutnu isamrofni abminem nad imahamem kutnu ahasure

habmanem .aynfitingok nauhategnep

narajalebmeP igetartS )3 gnivloS melborP

nahacemep naanuggnep nagned adebreb halasam nakhacemem rajagneM

m nakhacemem rajagneM .narajalebmep igetarts utaus iagabes halasam halasa

naklasim ,nalaosrep utaus nakhacemem awsis anamiagab rajagnem halada

laos nakhacemem - narajalebmep igetarts nakgnadeS .akitametam laos

imahamem raga awsis utnabmem kutnu kinket halada halasam nahacemep

nad nuggnem nagned narajalebmep iretam iasaugnem igetarts naka

nahacemep halasam 8991 ,otkaybuS( )62 : naadebrep naikimed nagneD .

nakududek adap katelret aynaudek rajagneM .uti halasam nahacemep

nahacemep itrareb halasam nakhacemem uata isi iagabes uti halasam tnetnoc

nahacemep nakgnades ,narajalep irad m halasa .igetarts utaus iagabes halada

halasam nahacemep nakududek ,idaJ kutnu ajas tala utaus iagabes aynah

.narajalebmep iretam imahamem narajalebmep igetarts iric aparebeb adA

,halasam nahacemep nagned amatrep , uata laudividni araces ajrekeb awsis

jrekeb ;licek kopmolek malad a audek , adapek naknaketid narajalebmep

nalaosrep gnukudnem gnay narajalep iretam - nalaosrep nad nakhacepid kutnu

kaynab gnay nalaosrep iakusid hibel ;aynahacemep arac nanikgnumek agitek ,

m awsis e kaynab nakanuggn jaleb malad natakednep ;ra tapmeek irad lisah ,

rakut halada halsam nahacemep ( tapadnep gnirahs .awsis aumes aratna id )


84

gnalugneM igetartS )4

gnalu acabmem radekes kutnu nakanugid anahredes gnalugnem igetartS

ajas lafahgnem kutnu utnetret iretam 8991 ,otkaybuS( )72 : ial hotnoC . irad n

anahredes igetarts utkaw ,tapmet hara ,nopelet romon lafahgnem halada

,naajnaleb ratfad ,utnetret narikip id ada hadus gnay iromeM .ayniagabes nad

kutnu ilabmek naklucnumid nad ,akitekes ,kednep akgnaj nagnitnepek

.anahredes rajaleb nahab napareyneP nakulremem skelpmok hibel gnay

igetarts edi ihawabsiraggneM .skelpmok gnalugnem - taubmem ,icnuk edi

natatac amiretid halet gnay isamrofni itni ilabmek naksilunem nad ,riggnip

nakapurem ulrep aynutnet tubesret igetartS .skelpmok gnalugnem irad naigab

rajaid ek nak .naikimed arac nagned asaibret raga awsis

isarobalE igetartS )5

isamrofni aggnihes naicnir nahabmanep sesorp halada isarobale igetartS

urab naedokgnep ,isarobale igetarts nagneD .ankamreb hibel idajnem naka

hibel nakirebmem hibel nad nakukalid hadum isarobale igetartS .naitsapek

tafisreb gnay kato id iromem irad urab isamrofni nahadnimep utnabmem

akgnaj nad nagnubuh nakatpicnem nagned gnajnap akgnaj ek kednep

nagnubag .ada hanrep gnay nagned urab isamrofni aratna kutneb aparebeB

da isarobale igetarts nad ,igolana ,natatac nataubmep hala R4QP :otkaybuS(

8991 )82 : nakgnubaggnem gnay rajaleb igetarts halada natatac nataubmeP .

aratna gnay urab isamrofni nagned aynmulebes iaynupid gnay isamrofni

tapadid tapad awsis ,tatacnem nagneD .tatacnem sesorp iulalem nakgnaunem

urab edi .uti isamrofni aud narupmacrep irad rajaleb arac nakapurem igolanA


94

kutnu taubid gnay nagnidnabmep nagned iric aratna naamasrep nakkujnunem

irik kato aynlasim ,edi uata adneb kokop gnay retupmok nagned pirim

mrofni napmiynem nad amirenem .isa gnay igetarts nakapurem RQ4P

tagnignem awsis utnabmem kutnu nakanugid RQ4P .acab akerem gnay apa

rad natakgnis i satniles acabmem( weiverP noitseuQ ,)tapec nagned

irad natakgnis R4 nad ,)aynatreb( daer , tcelfer , eticer , nad weiver uata

elferem ,acabmem nad ,iridnes irid adap nakaynanem ,isk araces gnalugnem

huruleynem 8991 ,otkaybuS( )82 : rajaleb igetarts nakapurem R4QP igetartS .

isamrofni lafahgnem awsis utnabmem malad fitkefe itkubret gnay isarobale

.naacab

isasinagrO igetartS )6

em isasinagro igetartS naankamrebek naktakgninem rajaleb ukalep utnabm

nahab - urab naisasinagrognep rutkurts nagned urab nahab )8991 ,otkaybuS( .

isasinagro igetartS edi gnalu nakopmolegnep sata iridret - halitsi uata edi

hibel gnay tesbus idajnem epreb aguj tubesret igetartS .licek iagabes nar

edi naisakifitnednignep - uata edi gnay isamrofni nalupmukes irad icnuk atkaf

igetarts kutneB .raseb hibel halada isasinagro gniniltuO sirag taubmem inkay ,

rajaleb awsiS .raseb nagned edi uata kipot macam iagabreb nakgnubuhgnem

amatu edi aparebeb . gnippaM ,pesnok naatemep nagned lanekid hibel gnay ,

lah aparebeb malad adapirad fitkefe hibel .gniniltuo scinomenM kutnebmem

nad susuhk irogetak ,igetarts utas iagabes nakisakifisalkid tapad sinket araces

uata isarobale .isasinagro scinomenM ned utnabmem isaisosa kutnebmem nag

araces gnay isamrofni nakisasinagrognem utnabmem gnay ada kadit haimala


05

idajnem igetartS .ajrek iromem scinomenM ,minorka ,nagnotomep sata iridret

atak nad .tiakreb

siluneM narajalebmeP malad kinkeT nad natakedneP 4.2.2

)1 eP natakedneP narajalebm siluneM

narajalebmep malad natakedneP malad silunem B asaha aisenodnI

iroet adap ucagnem - B takikah gnatnet iroet asaha nad aisenodnI

B narajalebmep asaha aisenodnI nasadnal iagabes isgnufreb gnay nad

.aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmep pisnirp

)a takedneP fitarepooK rajaleB na

.)45 :0102( eiL turuneM nakanuggnem gnay narajalebmeP

fitarepook natakednep uata gninrael evitarepooc narajalebmep halada

malad ek nakkopmolegnep edotem tapadret aynmalad id gnay

rekeb awsis hitalem ini edoteM .licek kopmolek aparebeb nad amasaj

.kopmolek malad id sagut nakiaseleynem malad utnabmem gnilas

arap aratna id amasajrek naktakgninem ini edoteM malad awsis

/halasam nakhacemem .nakajrek akerem gnay sagut ledom ,aynsinorI

nakparetid kaynab muleb ini narajalebmep nakididnep malad

w gnoyor gnotog tafis nakaggnabmem tagnas aisenodnI gnaro nupuala

naggne rajalep nakaynabeK .takaraysamreb napudihek malad

.nasala aparebeb anerak salek malad id amas ajrek metsis nakparenem

idajret naka awhab naritawahkek halada amatu gnay nasalA

nauacakek naktapmetid akerem akij rajaleb kadit awsis nad salek id

.purg malad


15

uata fitarepook narajalebmep ledoM gninrael evitarepooc kadit

rusnu adA .kopmolek malad rajaleb radakes nagned amas - rasad rusnu

akukalid gnay kopmolek naigabmep nagned aynnakadebmem gnay n

lasa - .nalasa )13 :0102 ,eiL malad( nosnhoJ divaD nad regoR

paggnaid asib kopmolek ajrek aumes kadit awhab nakatagnem

gninrael evitarepooc . amil ,lamiskam gnay lisah iapacnem kutnU

amileK .nakparetid surah gnoyor gnotog narajalebmep ledom rusnu

uti rusnu bawaj gnuggnat )2( ,fitisop nagnutnagretek gnilas )1( halada

)5( nad ,atoggna ratna isakinumok )4( ,akum patat )3( ,nagnaroesrep

.kopmolek sesorp isaulave ulrep gnay gnitnep lah agit adA

ledom salek naalolegnep malad nakitahrepid L evitarepooC gninrae ,

nkay tagnames ,nakopmolegnep i ,gninraeL evitarepooC naatanep nad

.salek gnaur

narajalebmeP gninraeL evitarepooC )45 :0102( eiL turunem

ikilimem iagabreb .kinket kinkeT - narajalebmep kinket evitarepooC

gninraeL nial aratna b( ,romonreb alapek )a( ud laggnit aud ) ,umat a

(c ) d( ,nagnasap rakutreb s mirikreb ) e( nad ,laos nad mala gnililek )

.salek .tukireb iagabes nakrapapid naka uti kinket amileK

.1 romonreB alapeK ( sdaeH derebmuN )

,eiL( nagaK recnepS helo nakgnabmekid ini kinkeT :0102 .)95

pmesek nakirebmem ini kinkeT gnilas kutnu awsis adapek nata

edi nakigabmem - gnilap gnay nabawaj nakgnabmitrepmem nad edi

tapet tagnames naktakgninem kutnu awsis gnorodnem ini kinkeT .


25

atam aumes malad nakanugid asib ini kinkeT .akerem amas ajrek

aisu natakgnit aumes kutnu nad narajalep hakgnaL .kidid kana -

.tukireb iagabes halada ini kinket naparenep hakgnal

paites malad awsis paiteS .kopmolek malad igabid awsiS.a

.romon tapadnem kopmolek

gnisam nad sagut nakirebmem uruG.b - kopmolek gnisam

.aynnakajregnem

nay nabawaj naksutumem kopmoleK .c nad raneb gnilap paggnaid g

.ini nabawaj iuhategnem kopmolek atoggna paites nakitsamem

gnay romon nagned awsiS .romon utas halas liggnamem uruG .d

.akerem amas ajrek lisah nakropalem liggnapid

.2 umaT auD laggniT auD ( owT yartS owT yatS )

gnabmekid ini kinkeT ,eiL( nagaK recnepS helo nak :0102 )16

.romonreB alapeK kinkeT nagned amasreb nakanugid asib nad

kutnu nad narajalep atam aumes malad nakanugid asib ini kinkeT

umaT auD laggniT auD rutkurtS .kidid kana aisu natakgnit aumes

pmolek adapek natapmesek irebmem lisah nakigabmem kutnu ko

.nial kopmolek nagned isamrofni nad hakgnaL - ini kinket hakgnal

.tukireb iagabes halada

.asaib itrepes tapmereb kopmolek malad amas ajrekeb awsiS.a

gnisam irad gnaro aud ,iaseles haleteS .b - naka kopmolek gnisam

molek naklaggninem gnisam nad aynkop - aud ek umatreb gnisam

.nial gnay kopmolek


35

nakigabmem sagutreb kopmolek malad laggnit gnay gnaro auD .c

.akerem umat ek akerem isamrofni nad ajrek lisah

nad iridnes akerem kopmolek ek ilabmek nad irid nohom umaT .d

akerem naumet nakropalem .nial kopmolek irad

lisah sahabmem nad nakkococnem kopmoleK .5 - ajrek lisah

.akerem

.3 nagnasaP rakutreB

awsis irebmem nagnasap rakutreb rajagnem rajaleb kinkeT

nial gnaro nagned amas ajrekeb kutnu natapmesek )65 :0102 ,eiL( .

s nalad nakanugid asib ini kinkeT kutnu nad narajalep atam aume

.kidid kana aisu natakgnit aumes hakgnaL - ini kinket hakgnal

.tukireb iagabes halada

.a .nagnasap utas naktapadnem awsis paiteS

.utrak haub utas tapadnem awsis paiteS.b

gnay utrak iaynupmem gnay nagnasap iracnem awsis paiteS.c

gnay utrak gnagemep ,aynlasiM .aynutrak nagned kococ

utrak gnagemep nagned nagnasapreb naka AMIL naksilutreb

NANNA IFOK aman isireb gnay utrak gnagemep uatA .UREP

SIRATERKES utrak gnagemep nagned nagnasapreb naka

.BBP LAREDNEJ

.d d gnubagreb aguj asib awsiS gnay nial awsis agit uata aud nagne

9+3 utrak gnagemep ,aynlasiM .kococ gnay utrak gnagemem

.2x6 nad 4x3 utrak gnagemep nagned kopmolek kutnebmem naka


45

.4 laoS nad malaS mirikreB

irebmem laoS nad malaS mirikreB rajagnem rajaleb kinkeT

em kutnu natapmesek awsis nalipmaretek nad nauhategnep hital

akerem )85 :0102 ,eiL( kococ laoS nad malaS mirikreB nataigeK .

nakanugid asib ini kinkeT .naiju nad set gnalejnem napaisrep kutnu

kana aisu natakgnit aumes kutnu nad narajalep atam aumes malad

hakgnaL .kidid - inket hakgnal .tukireb iagabes halada ini k

malad awsis igabmem uruG.a paites nad tapmereb kopmolek

naaynatrep aparebeb naksilunem kutnu naksagutid kopmolek

nad isawagnem asib uruG .nial kopmolek ek mirikid naka gnay

laos hilimem utnabmem - .kococ gnay laos

.b am ,naidumeK gnis - gnaro utas nakmirignem kopmolek gnisam

irad laos nad malas nakiapmaynem naka gnay nasutu

.aynkopmolek

.nial kopmolek irad namirik laos nakajregnem kopmolek paiteS.c

gnisam nabawaj ,iaseles haleteS.d - nakkococid kopmolek gnisam

y kopmolek nabawaj nagned .laos taubmem gna

.5 saleK gnilileK

malad nakanugid asib saleK gnilileK rajagnem rajaleb kinkeT

.kidid kana aisu natakgnit aumes kutnu nad narajalep atam aumes

kana kutnu nakanugid akij ,numaN - ini kinket ,rasad takgnit kana

mejanam nagned iatresid ulrep kadit ayapus kiab gnay salek ne

.nahudagek idajret K gnisam ,saleK gnilileK nataige - gnisam


55

lisah nakremamem kutnu natapmesek naktapadnem kopmolek

hakgnaL .nial kopmolek ajrek lisah tahilem nad akerem ajrek -

tukireb iagabes halada ini kinket hakgnal 102 ,eiL( )46 :0 .

.a .asaib itrepes kopmolek malad amas ajrekeb awsiS

.b gnisam ,iaseles haleteS - lisah nakremamem kopmolek gnisam

lisaH .akerem ajrek - naigab aparebeb id gnajapid asib ini lisah

rabmag uata retsop apureb akij salek - .rabmag

gnisaM.c - ajreb kopmolek gnisam nad salek gnililek nal

kopmolek ayrak lisah itamagnem - .nial kopmolek

tapad nakparahid sata id nakrapapid gnay kinket amileK

gnay silunem narajalebmep kinket naparenep isasilamitpognem

narajalebmep ludom kutneb malad nakdujuwid ini ispirks malad

.silunem

)b eP udapreT narajalebmeP natakedn

p )6891( nagiraT turuneM rajalebme ,hutu araces nakukalid surah na

helob kadit nial gnay nagned utas gnay asahabreb nalipmaretek

akhasipid rajaleb nataigek utaus malad n - tapmeeK .rajagnem

nagnubuh ikilimem asahabreb nalipmaretek nad tare tagnas gnay

ini edoteM .nial gnay nagned utas gnay aratna gnukudnem gnilas

araces nakhitalid nad asahabreb nalipmaretek aumes nakirebmem

amasreb - .gnusgnalreb narajalebmep akitek amas


65

)c )ASBC( fitkA awsiS rajaleB araC natakedneP

1( nagiraT turuneM ,)689 isgnufreb ASBC pesnok malad urug

akitek awsis igab rajaleb nahadumek irebmem uata rotatilisaf iagabes

fitkA awsiS rajaleB araC uata ASBC .rajaleb pesnok utaus nakapurem

,aynitrA .awsis rajaleb gnatnet orp malad rajaleb ses -m awsis rajagne

imod paggnaid ,nan malad kejbo nakub nad kejbus halada awsis

.narajalebmep

)d fitakinumoK natakedneP

isadnalid gnay natakednep nakapurem fitakinumok natakedneP

malad asahab nakanuggnem naupmamek awhab narikimep helo

bmep malad iapacid surah gnay naujut nakapurem isakinumok narajale

cuZ( asahab ,uyaharirT aiv hisaiduB nad idh .)7002

)2 siluneM narajalebmeP kinkeT

tapadret )4002( ontayuS turuneM iagabreb narajalebmep kinket

.silunem kinkeT - uti kinket :nial aratna

.1 rabmag irad siluneM

narajalebmep kinkeT rabmag irad silunem ujutreb awsis raga na

nakrasadreb tapec nagned silunem tapad .tahilid gnay rabmag

,aynlasiM adnalem gnay narakabek rabmag nakkujnunem urug

nasilut taubmem tapad awsis tubesret rabmag iraD .ased haubes

talA .rabmag nakrasadreb sigol nad tutnur araces akhutubid gnay n

rabmag halada - s isairavreb gnay rabmag amet nagned iause


75

,narajalebmep kinkeT .raseb rednelak nagned amas narukureb gnay

.kopmolek araces nupuam nagnaroesrep araces naknalajid tapad ini

m urug )1( nakparenem araC ,ratnagnep nakiapmayne urug )2(

naklepmenem ,salek naped id rabmag aparebeb )3( haletes awsis

,tubesret rabmag tahilem nad rabmag isakifitnedignem ialum awsis

t taubmem awsis uti isakifitnedi irad ,sigol nad tutnur araces nasilu

gnatnet awsis adapek aynatreb urug )4( gnay nasilut nasala

,ayntaubid tubesret narajalebmep nakiskelferem urug )5( nad

)4002 ,ontayuS( .

amet nagned iauses nakijasid gnay rabmag nakayapU

hilimem tapad uruG .uti uggnim adap irajalepid gnay narajalebmep

halet gnay rabmaG .salek kitsiretkarak nagned kococ gnay rabmag

s nakanugid narajalebmep nahab kutnu ilabmek kiratid tapad awsi

.ayntukireb

.2 gnusgnal kejbo siluneM

narajalebmep kinkeT gnusgnal kejbo silunem raga naujutreb

.tahilid gnay kejbo nakrasadreb tapec nagned silunem tapad awsis

jbo nakkujnunem uruG k naped id awsis adapek ke ,sale lasim

,akenob ,agnub sav libom - nial nad nalibom - kejbo iraD .nial

sigol nad tutnur araces nasilut taubmem tapad awsis tubesret

alA .ayntahilid gnay kejbo nakrasadreb halada nakhutubid gnay t

kejbo - .narajalebmep amet nagned iauses isairavreb gnay kejbo


85

araces nupuam nagnaroesrep araces naknalajid tapad ini kinkeT

.kopmolek

( nakparenem araC ,ratnagnep nakiapmaynem urug )1 urug )2(

,salek naped id kejbo gnajamem aletes )3( kejbo tahilem awsis h

,tubesret ifitnedignem ialum awsis ,kejbo isak taubmem awsis )4(

t ,sigol nad tutnur araces nasilu awsis adapek aynatreb urug )5(

gnatnet ,ayntaubid gnay nasilut nasala nakiskelferem urug )6( nad

.tubesret narajalebmep


uruG .uti uggnim adap irajalepid gnay narajalebmep hilimem tapad

halet gnay rabmaG .salek kitsiretkarak nagned kococ gnay rabmag

narajalebmep nahab kutnu ilabmek kiratid tapad awsis nakanugid

ayntukireb )4002 ,ontayuS( .

.3 gnusgnal kejbo nagnidnabmeP

silunem narajalebmep kinkeT gnusgnal kejbo nagnidnabmep

eb nakrasadreb nagnidnabmep silunem tapad awsis raga naujutr

y adneb 2 nakkujnunem urug ,aynlasiM .tahilid gnay kejbo gna

,kutneb adebreb ipatet amas ,anraw ,isgnuf nial nad - awsiS .nial

halet gnay kejbo 2 nakgnidnabmem arac nagned silunem

.aynnakisakifitnediid taubmem tapad awsis tubesret kejbo iraD

talA .tahilid gnay kejbo nakrasadreb sigol nad tutnur araces nasilut

halada nakhutubid gnay adneb - nagned iauses isairavreb gnay adneb


95

araces naknalajid tapad ini kinkeT .narajalebmep amet

opmolek nupuam nagnaroesrep .k

( nakparenem araC ,ratnagnep nakiapmaynem urug )1 urug )2(

eb 2 gnajamem ,anraw nial numan amas gnay adn ,isgnuf kutneb

nial nad - aletes )3( ,salek naped id nial kejbo tahilem awsis h

,tubesret wsis ,kejbo isakifitnedignem ialum a silunem awsis )4(

nabrep nid ,sigol nad tutnur araces nag adapek aynatreb urug )5(

gnatnet awsis ,ayntaubid gnay nasilut nasala urug )6( nad

tubesret narajalebmep nakiskelferem )4002 ,ontayuS( .

.4 nasiluT auD nagnidnabmeP

silunem narajalebmep kinkeT nasilut aud nagnidnabmep

aga naujutreb silunem tapad awsis r aud nakrasadreb nagnidnabrep

,aynlasiM .acabid gnay nasilut gnay nasilut 2 nakkujnunem urug

atet amas ,halajam irad kutneb adebreb ip ,rabak tarus ,ukub uata

nasilut 2 nakgnidnabmem arac nagned silunem awsiS .urug nataub

iid halet gnay tapad awsis uti nasilut 2 iraD .aynnakisakifitned

nakrasadreb sigol nad tutnur araces nasilut nagnidnabrep taubmem

nasilut ipokotof halada nakhutubid gnay talA .acabid gnay nasilut 2

.polpma nad narajalebmep amet nagned iauses isairavreb gnay

ilut ipokotoF samid tubesret nas gnisam gnay polpma malad nakku -

nagnaroesrep araces naknalajid tapad ini kinkeT .nasilut 2 gnisam

.kopmolek araces nupuam


06

atnet nakiapmaynem urug )1( nakparenem araC kinket gn

,nataigek naanaskalep isireb gnay polpma nakirebmem urug )2(

tof numan amet amas gnay nasilut ipoko aumes adapek kutneb nial

,awsis akubmem awsis haletes )3( ,tubesret nasilut 2 acabmem nad

awsis uti isakifitnedi irad nad nasilut isakifitnedignem ialum awsis

nabrep silunem ,sigol nad tutnur araces nagnid ynatreb urug )4( a

gnatnet awsis adapek ,ayntaubid gnay nasilut nasala urug )5( nad

tubesret narajalebmep nakiskelferem )4002 ,ontayuS( .


hilimem tapad uruG .uti uggnim adap irajalepid gnay narajalebmep

ned kococ gnay rabmag halet gnay rabmaG .salek kitsiretkarak nag

narajalebmep nahab kutnu ilabmek kiratid tapad awsis nakanugid

.ayntukireb

.5 nasiluT akgnareK taubmeM

tapad awsis raga halada ini narajalebmep kinket naujuT

em utnetret kipot nakrasadreb nasagag uata edi nakrabajnem iulal

nasilut akgnarek taubmem awsiS .tutnur nad sigol naturu

tubesret akgnarek ,ayntujnaleS .nakaidesid gnay kipot nakrasadreb

talA .awsis helo taubid gnay nasilut haubes namodep idajnem tapad

kinkeT .gnosok satrek nad kipot ratfad halada nakanugid gnay

p nupuam nagnaroesrep araces nakukalid tapad ini narajalebme

.kopmolek


16

urug )1( halada ini narajalebmep kinket nakparenem araC

salejnep nakirebmem ,narajalebmep kinket gnatnet na urug )2(

hilipid kutnu awsis adapek kipot ratfad nakirebmem nagned iauses

igniek ,awsis nan ubesret kipot hilimem awsis )3( naidumek t

,aynakgnarek taubmem gnay akgnarek nakropalem awsis )4( taubid

,aynhalebes namet nagned kisuksidnem gnilas awsis )5( naturu na

,natutnurek nad sigol irad naiaru naksilunem ialum awsis )6(

ubesret akgnarek t haubes idajnem t ,nasilu gnilas tubesret nasilut )7(

sis amases iskerokid ,naaje natapetek nakrasadreb aw ,tamilak

,nasigolek ,natutnurek nad apagnem nasala nakirebmem awsis )8(

,tubesret kipot nagned silunem nataigek nakiskelferem urug )9(

ah narajalebmep uti ir )4002 ,ontayuS( .

.6 iridneS iriD siluneM

silunem tapad awsis raga halada ini narajalebmep kinket naujuT

iridnes irid gnatnet ispirksed )4002 ,ontayuS( nakanugid gnay talA .

araces nakukalid ini narajalebmeP .gnosok rabmel halada

.nagnaroesrep

renem araC iridnes irid silunem narajalebmep kinket nakpa

rug )1( halada ,takgnis ratnagnep nakirebmem u irebid awsis )2(

,gnosok rabmel nem iridnes irid rabmaggnem awsis )3( turu

gnisam aynispesrep - ,gnisam naksilunem awsis naidumek id aman

,tubesret rabmag hawab id )4( ,aman hawab irid naksilunem awsis

asadreb iridnes gnisam aynispesrep nakr - ,gnisam awsis )5(


26

ek tubesret nasilut nakrakunem ,itamrecid kutnu halebes namet

apek nasil araces nakatirecnem awsis )6( amirenem gnay namet ad

,nasilut )7( m nasek nakropalem awsis gnisa - nisam silunem haletes g

,iridnes irid .uti irah narajalebmep nakiskelferem urug )8(

.7 atireB siluneM

S ,namalagnep ,natamagnep iulalem atireb silunem tapad awsi

gnatnet atireb naksilunem awsiS .naacab lisah nupuam aracnawaw

ubes malad nakukal akerem gnay ha vitka pisnirp nakrasadreb sati -

pisnirp .)H 1 nad W5( atireb haubes K tapad ini nataige

kanaskalid .)4002 ,ontayuS( kopmolek nupuam nagnaroesrep na

takgnis ratnagnep nakirebmem urug aynnakparenem araC

tireb narajalebmep kinket gnatnet ,a lek igabmem urug )2( kopmo

ejbo nakrasadreb ,awsis helo itamaid naka gnay k urug )3(

,kopmolek kutnu kipot utas nakirebmem awsis huruynem urug )4(

lek raulek kutnu ,irah 1 uata tinem 02 amales sa ubmem awsis )5( ta

,aracnawaw lisah irad atireb molek pait )6( id nakropalem kop

aped ,salek n iratnemognem nial kopmolek )7( silutid gnay atireb

,awsis helo .uti irah nataigek sesorp nakiskelferem urug )8(

.8 nairaH ukuB siluneM

silunem tapad awsis raga halada ini narajalebmep kinket naujuT

ces namalagnep iulalem nakukal akerem gnay satifitka .tutnur ara

unem awsiS vitka naksil ek irahes malad nakukal akerem gnay sati


36

uata ajrek satrek halada nakhutubid gnay talA .nairah ukub malad

sis ukub .)4002 ,ontayuS( aw

takgnis ratnagnep nakirebmem urug )1( aynnakparenem araC

ep kinket gnatnet em narajalebm ,nairah ukub silun urug )2(

erem utkaw nakrasadreb awsis igabmem malad sativitkareb ak

,uggnimes tivitka naksilunem awsis )3( ukub malad ek akerem sa

,nairah id aynlisah nakropalem kutnu awsis huruynem urug )4(

ed ,salek nap ratnemognem nial awsis )5( lisah i awsis naropal

,tubesret .uti irah nataigek sesorp nakiskelferem urug )6(

.9 etkiD nakrasadreB

awsis raga halada ini narajalebmep kinket naujuT tapad

,tapet nagned naksilunem ,tapec kiab gnay naaje nagned iauses nad

raneb nad )4002 ,ontayuS( naksilunem awsiS . ragnedid gnay apa

gnay talA .nasil araces nakirebid gnay araus irad halada nakanugid

redrocer epat , tesak ,utnetret isamrofni isireb gnay gnosok rabmel

.nagnaroesrep araces nakukalid ini nataigeK .)awsis silut ukub(

ini narajalebmep kinket nakparenem araC urug )1( halada

et takgnis nasalejnep nakirebmem skalep gnatn kinket naana

,etkid nakrasadreb )2( ,tesak ratumem urug sis )3( aw

,amaskes araces nakragnednem aksilunem awsis )4( iauses n

,tesak malad isamrofni kisuksidnem awsis )5( ,aynnasilut lisah na

isah )6( sid l ,salek naped id nakropalid isuk nakiskelferem urug )7(

.uti lah adap nataigek


46

.01 nagnasapreB golaiD

tapad awsis raga halada ini narajalebmep kinket naujuT

nagnasapreb araces awsiS .raneb nad tapec araces golaid taubmem

eb silutret araces golaid nakukalem talA .utnetret kipot nakrasadr

ini nataigeK .silut tala nad gnosok rabmel halada nakhutubid gnay

gnaro aud rep kopmolek araces nakukalid )4002 ,ontayuS( .

urug )1( halada narajalebmep kinket nakparenem araC

gnatnet takgnis ratnagnep nakirebmem d naanaskalep ,golai

padahreb awsis )2( - nagned napadah id gnosok rabmel utas

,aynnaped ksilunem A awsis )3( ,gnosok rabmel id naaynatrep na

silut hawab id aynnabawaj naksilunem B awsis ,tubesret na utigeb

,aynsuretes nakacabid gnilas golaid nasilut lisah )4( , )5( urug

.uti irah adap nataigek lisah nakiskelferem

5.2.2 takgniT mulukiruK nakididneP nautaS

,)6002( otnayrahdiW turuneM anacner takgnarepes halada mulukiruk

,naujut ianegnem narutagnep nad ,isi gnay arac atres narajalep nahab nad

amodep iagabes nakanugid kutnu narajalebmep nataigek naaraggneleynep n

gnacnarem ruku kalot idajnem PSTK .utnetret nakididnep naujut iapacnem

nad rutkurtsret tapad nususid gnay narajalebmep raga salek id narajalebmep

pacret tapad narajalebmep naujut aggnihes racnal nagned nalajreb .ia

mulukiruk halada )PSTK( nakididneP nautaS takgniT mulukiruK

ususid gnay lanoisarepo gnisam helo nakanaskalid nad n - nautas gnisam


56

:8002 ,sankidpeD( nakididnep nakididnep naujut taumem PSTK .)881 takgnit

,nakididnep nautas ,nakididnep rednelak subalis nad .

gnautret hagnenem nad rasad nakididnep gnajnej adap PSTK rutkurtS

iagabes narajalep atam kopmolek irad nakgnabmekid gnay isi radnats malad

.tukireb

.a k ,ailum qalhka nad amaga narajalep atam kopmole

.b k sata iridret ines nad mumu narajalep atam kopmole ididnep SPI nak

,udapret ,ayaduB ineS ,NKP ,nalipmareteK nad

.c k ,igolonket nad nauhategnep umli narajalep atam kopmole

.d k ,akitetse narajalep atam kopmole

.e k .inahor nad inamsaj narajalep atam kopmole

PSTK nagned iauses lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS id nakparetid gnay PSTK

nay iagabreb nakgnabmegnem lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS .sata id silutret g

,amaga narajalep atam kopmolek ,aisenodnI asahaB ,udapret SPI ,NKP ineS

,nalipmareteK nad ayaduB I( KETPI ,)igolonkeT nad nauhategneP uml

,)KB/PB( akitetse .agarhalO nad narajalep atam aumeS tapad nakparahid uti

awsis nauhategnep ayakrepmem .lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS narajalebmeP

imeD .PSTK nakparenem halet lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS id aisenodnI asahaB

lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS akam uti mulukiruk naparenep aynracnal

iagabreb nakayapugnem uk raga arac raneb uti mulukir - utnabmem raneb

.natukgnasreb gnay AMS id aisenodnI asahab narajalebmep

maretek tapme pukacnem aisenodnI asahaB narajalebmeP nalip

,kamiynem inkay asahabreb ,aracibreb ,acabmem .silunem nad malaD


66

,ini naitilenep itilenep isatabmem itilenep nalipmaretek adap aynah aynna

unem ,silunem nalipmaretek adaP .sil amasajrekeb gnilas awsis nad urug

urug nakukalid gnay ayapU .narajalebmep naujut iapacnem ayapu malad

rajaleb sesorp malad isavoni nakirebmem nagned nial aratna - .rajagnem

al aratna uti ayapU inket iagabreb nakparenem nagned ni narajalebmep k

kinkeT .silunem - malad nakanugid kococ gnay narajalebmep kinket

agabes halada silunem narajalebmep ,rabmag irad silunem :tukireb i silunem

,gnusgnal kejbo ,gnusgnal kejbo nagnidnabmep ud nagnidnabmep nasilut a ,

,nasilut akgnarek taubmem ,iridnes irid silunem lunem ukub silunem ,atireb si

,nairah ,etkid nakrasadreb .nagnasapreb golaid nad

tapad nakparahid sata id silunem narajalebmep kinket hulupeseK

aggnihes awsis rajaleb hariag naktikgnabmem naujut narajalebmep silunem

tapad iapacret .

6.2.2 siluneM narajalebmeP natabmaH

kiranem nad magarakenareb tagnas AMS id silunem narajalebmeP

wsis arap nakasaibmem nad hitalem ini narajalebmep anerak rikipreb kutnu a

,fitaerk hibel .rutkurtsret nad ,sitirk idajret gnay ipatet nakA gnakaleb kalotreb

paggnaid gnurednec silunem narajalebmeP .nakparahid gnay nagned

kinket nad gnay edotem anerak naknasobmem gnay asahab nalipmaretek

.nakrajaid gnay silunem narajalebmep nagned iauses kadit iakapid gnay

nakapurem sata id tubesret gnay laH helo ipadahid gnay natabmah

.salek id silunem narajalebmep iretam nakrajagnem akitek urug natabmaH


76

,urug irad rebmusreb tapad silunem narajalebmep malad ,awsis ,isi/nahab

,edotem aidem nad h natabma - tukireb itrepes nakiaruid tapad uti natabmah .

ad natabmaH muleb tubesret urug alibapa urug irad rebmusreb tap

aggnihes lamiskam araces silunem narajalebmep kinket nakanugrepmem

bmusreb tapad natabmaH .racnal gnaruk nalajreb silunem narajalebmep irad re

limem akerem aynmumu adap anerak awsis arap ay rajaleb ayag iki gn

macamreb - kinket nagned iauses kadit uti rajaleb ayag alibapa nad ,macam

kam urug helo iakapid gnay natabmah alibapa nareh kadit a - uti natabmah

malad iakapid gnay nahab irad rebmusreb gnay natabmaH .lucnum

umu adap anerak lucnum tapad silunem narajalebmep aynm s asib utaus aja

ukub iakamem halokes - isnetepmok nagned iauses kadit gnay tekap ukub

.nakrajaid gnay rasad

adap anerak lucnum tapad edotem irad rebmusreb gnay natabmaH

silunem narajalebmep edotem nakanuggnem urug gnaroes ajas asib aynmumu

s kadit gnay gnay natabmaH .nakrajaid gnay rasad isnetepmok nagned iause

gnay aidem akitek lucnum tapad aynmumu adap aidem irad rebmusreb

naujut aggnihes nakrajaid gnay iretam nagned iauses kadit nakanugid

.iapacret kadit silunem narajalebmep

id gnay natabmah iagabreB natabmah halaynah sata id nakakumek

helO .AMS id silunem narajalebmep malad idajret tapad mumu araces gnay

narajalebmep naklamitpognem kutnu ayapu iracid areges surah ,uti anerak

nalajreb tapad silunem narajalebmep raga nakukalid ulrep ini laH .silunem

ned .iapacret tapad narajalebmep naujut aggnihes racnal nag


86

III BAB

NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM

naitileneP sineJ 1.3

“ ludujreb gnay naitileneP ,kinkeT ,natabmaH nad nahacemeP halasaM malad

siluneM narajalebmeP otadiP skeT nad aracnawaW lisaH adap X saleK awsiS

S 2 retseme alletS AMS /0102 narajA nuhaT ,lutnaB ecuD sinej kusamret ”1102

fitpirksed naitilenep fitatilauk otnukirA turuneM . ( 903 :0991 naitilenep ,)

fitpirksed aynada apa turunem alajeg naadaek ianegnem naitilenep nakapurem

nakukalid naitilenep taas adap . P kutnu nakduskamid kadit fitpirksed naitilene

apa“ nagned nakrabmaggnem aynah naknialem ,utnetret sisetopih ijugnem

.naadaek utaus uata alajeg utaus ianegnem ”aynada aynirid naktabilem itileneP

nagnarak apureb gnay ataD .salek id atad helorepmem ayapu malad naklupmukid

esorp utaus iulalem atak apureb ataD .natamagnep s - naklupmukid atak nad atak

nad silunem narajagnep gnatnet ataD .aracnawaw nad isavresbo iulalem

haimala araces naklupmukid aynnakrajagnem urug anamiagab .

apureb ini naitilenep malad rihka ataD kinket ianegnem ispirksed

MS X salek urug helo nakanugid gnay silunem narajalebmep ecuD alletS A

/natabmah ,lutnaB imalaid gnay aladnek ,uti kinket nakparenem malad ayapu

uti natabmah imalagnem kutnu urug hupmetid gnay halasam nahacemep nad

d gnay fitanretla silunem narajalebmep naklamitpognem kutnu nakanugid tapa .


96

naitileneP kejbuS 2.3

urug halada ini naitilenep kejbuS aisenodnI asahaB halmujreb gnay X salek

salek id rajagnem gnay gnaro utas 1.X kinket nad - malad urug iakapid gnay kinket

lunem narajalebmep .si

naitileneP utkaW 3.3

nad BIW 00.70 lukup ialumid lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS id narajalebmeP

nakanaskalid naitileneP .tinem 54 naklawdajid narajalep maj paites nalub adap

ieM amales nakanaskalid aynah salek malad id naitileneP .1102 agit ,irah

p ayntujnales nakukalem itilenep anerak salek raul id nakukalid naitilene

natamagnep .aynirah paites amas gnurednec urug nakanugid gnay kinket

anerak ,ilak mane amales naitilenep nakukalem tapad itilenep ,utigeb nupualaW

itilenep nakadagnem asib itilenep irah utas malad ,uti laH .salek aud id na

nasob asarem tapec nad tagnamesreb gnaruk gnay awsis tafis anerak nakukalid

lebmep aggnihes alid naraja itnagreb( kitamet araces nakuk - tanim iauses itnag

.)awsis

naitileneP irah irah adap utiay 1.X salek id nakukalid amatrep nineS t laggna 9

ieM maj adap 1102 tapmeek nad amilek lukup adap ialumid , 03.90 iapmas BIW

lukup 00.11 .)narajalep maj aud( BIW audek irah naitileneP salek id nakukalid

.X 1 laggnat simaK irah adap ieM 21 maj adap 1102 adap tapmeek nad agitek

lukup 03.80 iapmas BIW lukup 51.01 .)narajalep maj aud( BIW irah naitileneP

maj adap 1102 ieM 91 laggnat simaK irah adap 1.X salek id nakukalid agitek

maj aud( BIW 51.01 lukup iapmas BIW 03.80 lukup adap tapmeek nad agitek

.)narajalep


07

naitileneP tapmeT 4.3

ada naitilenep isakoL id tamalareb gnay lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS id hal

halebes id katelret ini AMS .11755 ,atrakaygoY ,lutnaB 131 soP katoK ,narujnaG

.narujnaG suseY nahuT suduK itaH ajereG rumit

ataD nalupmugneP edoteM 5.3

edoteM - fitatilauk naitilenep edotem utiay ( aracnawaw ni ret weiv isavresbo ,)

,)noitavresbo( isatnemukod nad edotem nakanuggnem ini naitileneP .

audeK .aracnawaw nad isavresbo uata natamagnep arac nagned atad nalupmugnep

turunem ini hawab id itrepes tujnal hibel nakrapapid naka uti edotem

:2002( oluG .)511

isavresbO 1.5.3

:2002( oluG turuneM atad nalupmugnep edotem halada isavresbo ,)611

itilenep anam id amales itama akerem gnay anamiagabes isamrofni tatacnem

iagabes tamagnep halada ini naitilenep malad isavresbo sineJ .naitilenep

itileneP .napisitrap gnay atad helorepmem gnajnapes isapisitrapreb aynah

id ,oluG( naitilenep malad nakulrep ini isavresbo nakukalem naujuT .)2002

kinket iuhategnem kutnu halada - kinket gnay silunem narajalebmep

urug helo nakanugid aisenodnI asahaB utnaB ecuD alletS AMS X salek .l

aracnawaW 2.5.3

nagned atad naklupmugnem kutnu arac utaus halada aracnawaW

naaynatrep nakujagnem gnaroes uata namrofni gnaroes adapek gnusgnal

:2002 ,oluG( .satirotua kat aracnawaw sinej nakanuggnem itileneP .)61

ggnihes ini naitilenep malad rutkurtsreb tapad nakujaid gnay naaynatrep a


17

waw nakukalem naujuT .nednopser helo sabeb bawajid kutnu aracna

kinket iuhategnem - gnay silunem narajalebmep kinket ,urug helo nakanugid

/natabmah gnay natabmah isatagnem ayapu nad ,ipadahid gnay aladnek

ajalebmep malad lucnum .silunem nar

atam urug nagned aracnawaw nakukalem itilenep ,ini naitilenep adaP

nI asahaB narajalep anajrapuS kapaB inkay aisenod salek awsis gnaro aud nad

itaijuS inayitesserK nad 62 nesba romon nawariwardnI sukraM inkay 1.X

.12 nesba romon hilimem nasalA anerak iaracnawawid kutnu ini awsis audek

i awsis audek iadamem gnay isnetepmok ikilimem in bawajnem tapad kutnu

irad nakusam iauses aguj uti nialeS .itilenep helo nakujaid gnay naaynatrep

urug iuhategnem uaileb anam gnay isnetepmok nad pakis anamiagab rem ake

salek id amales iaracnawawem kutnu nikay nikames itilenep uti anerak helO .

.akerem

,1102 ieM 21 simaK ,1102 ieM 9 nineS adap nakukalid ini aracnawaW

ini aracnawaW .1102 ieM 91 simaK nad utiay taharitsi maj adap nakukalid

BIW 51.90 lukup adap - BIW 03.90 .aidemitlum gnaur id tapmetreb nataigeK

nakanuggnem nagned nakisatnemukodid aguj ini aracnawaw macydnah gnay

.nareS ohorguN idaH ylleW amanreb gnay itilenep naker helo nakisarepoid

ipatet naka naamasreb nakukalid kadit awsis nad urug nagned aracnawaW

enep urab naidumek uluhad hibelret urug nagned aracnawaw nakukalem itil

irid id nanamaynek atpicret raga nakukalid ini laH .awsis arap iaracnawawem

.itilenep helo nakujaid gnay naaynatrep bawajnem akitek awsis nad urug

ada itilenep helo nakujaid gnay naaynatreP ,natabmah ,kinket gnatnet hal


27

nakparenem akitek uti natabmah isatagnem kutnu urug nakukalid gnay ayapu

.salek id silunem narajalebmep kinket gnusgnalreb aracnawaw nataigeK

pakgnel gnay nabawaj nakirebmem tapad urug nad awsis arap anerak racnal

es salej nad repmem itilenep aggnih helo bawajnem kutnu isamrofni nasumur

.ini naitilenep malad halasam

naitileneP nemurtsnI 6.3

:0991( otnukirA turunem naitilenep nemurtsnI gnay tala halada )771

gnires nemurtsnI .atad naklupmugnem nad naktapadnem kutnu nakanugid

traid .adneb kutneb malad naklucnumid gnay anaras iagabes utnab tala naki

.nakanugid gnay nemurtsni helo alup nakutnetid naitilenep utaus nalisahrebeK

ini naitilenep malad gnay ,aisunam nemurtsni nakanuggnem ini naitileneP

aguj itileneP .iridnes itilenep halada gnay utnabmep nemurtsni nakanuggnem

malad silut tala nad ,isavresbo namodep ,aracnawaw namodep nakapurem

.atad nalibmagnep sesorp nakadagnem

itilenep )1( inkay ,hakgnal aud nagned nakukalid isavresbo naanaskaleP

alebmep nataigek itamagnem kutnu salek kusam gnades gnay silunem naraj

aracnawaw naanaskaleP .isavresbo rabmel isignem itilenep )2( ,gnusgnalreb

eb gnay atad helorepmem kutnu nakukalid urug nagned gnay kinket )1( apur

/nakanugid silunem narajalebmep malad urug iakapid /natabmah )2( , gnay aladnek

padahid kutnu urug nakukalid gnay ayapu )3( ,uti kinket nakparenem akitek urug i

.uti natabmah isatagnem


37

ataD sisilanA kinkeT 7.3

ispirksed sisilana kinkeT .ispirksed kinket halada ini naitilenep malad kinkeT

nad isavresbo lisah nakispirksednem kutnu nakparetid hadus gnay aracnawaw

malad naumet lisah halognem kutnu atad sisilanA .itilenep helo nakukalid

.tukireb iagabes utiay ,hakgnal hujut ada ini naitilenep

.1 urug nagned aracnawaw apureb gnay atad pirksnartneM .

.2 aracnawaw nad isavresbo lisah atad halogneM .

.3 alkgneM naitilenep naujut nasumur iauses atad hurules nakisakifis .

.4 atad nakisakifisalkgneM - nad narajalebmep malad natabmah atad

aynhalasam nahacemep .

.5 kinket atad nakispirksedneM - malad urug nakanugid gnay kinket

narajalebmep .

.6 ksedneM natabmah gnatnet atad nakispir -h urug imalaid gnay natabma

narajalebmep kinket nakparenem akitek .

.7 sedneM hakgnal gnatnet atad nakispirk - halasam nahacemep hakgnal

hupmetid gnay natabmah isatagnem kutnu urug - lucnum gnay natabmah

narajalebmep kinket nakparenem malad .


47

VI BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH

1.4 ratnagneP

ianegnem naksalejid naka ini bab adaP )1( kinkeT - kinket urug nakanugid gnay

silunem narajalebmep naanaskalep malad otadip sket nad aracnawaw lisah kutnu

X salek awsis 2 retsemes lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS , 1102/0102 naraja nuhat )2( ,

natabmaH - urug ipadahid gnay natabmah narajalebmep kinket naparenep malad

silunem otadip sket nad aracnawaw lisah X salek 2 retsemes ecuD alletS AMS

lutnaB ,1102/0102 naraja nuhat , nad )3( ahasU - ahasu nakparetid gnay urug helo

nu kut malad natabmah isatagnem silunem narajalebmep kinket naparenep lisah

otadip sket nad aracnawaw naraja nuhat ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS X salek urug helo

1102/0102 .

alletS AMS id uggnim aud amales 1102 ieM nalub adap gnusgnalreb naitileneP

T .lutnaB ecuD naitilenep rebmuS .salek raul id aynhibeles nad salek id irah agi

.atrakaygoY lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS 1.X salek awsis nad 1.X salek urug halada

,sitirk gnaruk nad fitka gnaruk aynawsis naigabes gnay salek nakapurem 1.X saleK

62 ada ini salek id awsis halmuj .

kinket )1( atad helorepid aracnawaw nad isavresbo nakrasadreB - kinket

silunem narajalebmep otadip sket nad aracnawaw lisah salek id urug nakanugid gnay

akitek awsis nad urug imalaid gnay natabmah )2( ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS 1.X


57

kinket nakparenem - t kinket )3( nad ,tubesre ahasu - ahasu gnay halasam nahacemep

itilenep isavresbo nakanaskalem malaD .natabmah isatagnem kutnu urug hupmetid

hulupes tapadret naktubeynem gnay )4002( ontayuS tapadnep adap namodepreb

ilunem kinket )1( ,utiay silunem narajalebmep kinket kinket )2( ,rabmag irad s

kinket )4( ,gnusgnal kejbo nagnidnabmep kinket )3( ,gnusgnal kejbo silunem

silunem kinket )6( ,nasilut akgnarek taubmem kinket )5( ,nasilut aud nagnidnabmep

8( ,atireb silunem kinket )7( ,iridnes irid ,nairah ukub silunem kinket ) kinket )9(

,etkid nakrasadreb lisah nakrasadreb numaN .nagnasapreb golaid kinket )01(

gnay silunem narajalebmep kinket awhab atad helorepmem itilenep ,isavresbo

urug helo nakanugid aisenodnI asahaB kadit lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS 1.X salek

nagned iauses aumes silunem narajalebmep kinkeT .)4002( ontayuS tapadnep lisah

aracnawaw urug nakanugid gnay utiay lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS kinket silunem

alletS AMS urug nakanugid gnay otadip sket silunem narajalebmep kinkeT .atireb

.hotnoc nairebmep kinket utiay lutnaB ecuD

tubesret kinket nakparenem malad mumu araces imalaid gnay natabmaH

,natabmah 5 ada awsis sativitka rotkaf irad natabmah utiay ,amil idajnem nakadebid

2 ada narajalebmep iretam rotkaf ,natabmah 2 ada narajalebmep aidem rotkaf

ada isaulave rotkaf ,natabmah 1 ada salek nemejanam rotkaf irad nad natabmah 2

nakiausesid urug helo hupmetid gnay halasam nahacemep nakgnades natabmah

natabmah nagned - gnay natamagnep lisah atad ini tukireB .lucnum gnay natabmah

.urug hupmetid gnay nahacemep arac nad natabmah apureb


67

1.4 lebaT P kinkeT napareneP malad natabmaH narajalebme

.oN rotkaF H macaM natabma .1 S sativitkA awsi .a nagned tagnamesreb gnaruk awsiS

urug nakanugid gnay kinket .b naitahrep naktasumem gnaruk awsiS

silunem narajalebmep adap .c met nagned kubis awsiS ukgnabes na

silunem narajalebmep akitek .d aparebeb nakajregnem aynah awsiS

urug nakirebid gnay sagut .e malad fitka tabilret muleb awsiS

gnades gnay silunem narajalebmepgnusgnalreb

.2 P aideM narajalebme .a gnaruk urug nakanugid gnay aideMp iretam nagned iauses narajalebme

.b aladnek imalagnem urug gnadakreTaidem naanuggnep malad

.3 P iretaM narajalebme .a amiretid ,imahapid tapad gnaruk iretaMawsis helo kiab nagned

.b iretam nagned inabebret asarem awsiSurug helo nakirebid gnay

.4 isaulavE .a elo nakirebid gnay isaulavE urug h gnay iretam aumes pukacnem muleb

aynmulebes nakrajaid halet .b gnadakret nakirebid gnay isaulavE

ruku kalot idajnem tapad muleb gnay rasad isnetepmok naiapacretek

awsis helo hiarid .5 K nemejanaM sale .a isautis nakatpicnem turut muleb awsiS

narajalebmep gnanet nad namayn gnay .b uruG tapad muleb gnadakret

narajalebmep anasaus nakatpicnem.gnanet nad namayn gnay


77

2.4 kinkeT -T kinke gnay D nakanugi G uru malad P naanaskale P narajalebme

M silune

kinkeT - ug helo nakanugid gnay kinket halada nakrapapid gnay kinket .uti ur

utiay uti kinket atireb silunem kinket nad .hotnoc nairebmep kinket

.1 atireb silunem kinkeT

iulalem atireb silunem tapad awsis raga urug helo nakparetid ini kinkeT

naksagunem uruG .naacab lisah nupuam aracnawaw ,namalagnep ,natamagnep

nem kutnu awsis haubes malad nakukal akerem gnay gnatnet atireb naksilu

pisnirp nakrasadreb sativitka - .)H1 nad W5( atireb haubes pisnirp

rasad isnetepmok nakrajagnem akitek urug helo nakparetid gnires ini kinkeT

em nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah silunem nakanuggn

hakgnaL .tapet gnay naaje - .tukireb iagabes halada aynnarajalebmep hakgnal

atireb narajalebmep kinket gnatnet takgnis ratnagnep nakirebmem uruG

awsis helo itamaid naka gnay kejbo nakrasadreb kopmolek igabmem uruG

kutnu kipot utas nakirebmem uruG kopmolek

,irah 1 uata tinem 02 amales salek raulek kutnu awsis huruynem uruG

aracnawaw lisah irad atireb taubmem kutnu awsis naksagunem uruG

salek naped id nakropalem kopmolek paiT

helo silutid gnay atireb iratnemognem nial kopmolek naksagunem uruG

awsis

G .uti irah nataigek sesorp nakiskelferem uru


87

.2 hotnoc nairebmep kinkeT

gnay narabmag ikilimem tapad awsis raga urug helo nakparetid ini kinkeT

gnay hotnoc iagabreb naridaheK .nakiapmasid gnay iretam gnatnet salej hibel

em awsis hadumrepmem naka urug nakirebid ini kinket adaP .iretam pakgnan

hotnoc naklipmanem tapad urug - nasilut ,rabmag apureb hotnoc - nial nad nasilut -

.nial

rasad isnetepmok nakrajagnem akitek urug helo nakparetid gnires ini kinkeT

ta pakisreb acabmep kajagnem uata naknikayem kutnu nasagag silunem ua

hakgnaL .fisausrep fargarap kutneb malad utauses nakukalem - hakgnal

.tukireb iagabes halada aynnarajalebmep

takgnis ratnagnep nakirebmem uruG

hotnoc nakirebmem/naklipmanem uruG - rabmag apureb hotnoc

ag gnatnet ratnemok nakirebmem kutnu awsis huruynem uruG uti rabm

utas malad tamilak aparebeb naksilunem kutnu awsis huruynem uruG

naklipmatid gnay rabmag gnatnet fargarap

salek naped id aynnasilut lisah nakropalem kutnu awsis huruynem uruG

uti irah narajalebmep nakiskelferem uruG

ynem kutnu ayapureb ulales uruG amet nagned iauses rabmag nakija

uata rabmag hilimem aguj uruG .uti irah adap irajalepid gnay narajalebmep

iakuynem naka nupawsis aggnihes salek kitsiretkarak nagned kococ gnay nasilut

.uti irah silunem narajalebmep nataigek itukignem malad tagnamesreb nad


97

3.4 natabmaH -H natabma halasaM nahacemeP nad gnay Di nakukal G uru

malad P naparene T kinke P narajalebme M silune

kinket nakparenem akitek natabmah imalagnem ilakgnires uruG

natabmaH .nakanacnerid hadus gnay silunem narajalebmep - lasareb uti natabmah

otkaf irad ,isaulave ,narajalebmep iretam ,narajalebmep aidem ,awsis sativitka r

ayapu nad imalaid gnay natabmah lebat ini tukireB .salek nemejanam nad

.urug helo hupmetid gnay nahacemep

2.4 lebaT nahacemeP nad natabmaH

.oN natabmaH nahacemeP 1 S sativitkA rotkaF si aw

tagnamesreb gnaruk awsiS gnay kinket nagned

urug nakanugid naktasumem gnaruk awsiS

adap naitahrepsilunem narajalebmep

namet nagned kubis awsiS akitek ukgnabes

gnusgnalreb narajalebmep nakajregnem aynah awsiS

gnay sagut aparebeburug nakirebid

b awsiS fitka tabilret mule narajalebmep malad gnades gnay silunem

gnusgnalreb

tamilak nakratnolem uruG - tamilak

awsis raga ”nanoyug“ tafisreb gnaytagnamesreb

gnay awsis itakednem nalajreb uruG taas adap isartnesnok kadit

gnusgnalreb narajalebmep akratnolem uruG adapek naaynatrep n

kadit iridnes kubis gnay awsisnarajalep nakitahrepmem

nanigniek imahamem ahasureb uruG iretam itnaggnem arac nagned awsis

iretam nupiksem ,narajalebmep muleb aynmulebes gnay narajalebmep

irajalepid iaseles

naaynatrep nakirebmem uruGk nagned bawajnem awsis naidume

kutnu awsis gnicnamem tapad utigebrikipreb

.2 P aideM rotkaF narajalebme nakanugid gnay aideM

potpal naktaafnamem ahasureb uruG


08

nagned iauses gnaruknarajalebmep iretam

iasaugnem muleb uruG iakapid naka gnay aidem

narajalebmep maladurug gnadakret aggnihes

malad aladnek imalagnemaynnaanuggnep

rajagnem akitek DCL nad

naka gnay aidem nakpaisrepmem uruG mulebes tinem aparebeb nakanugid

ialumid narajalebmep

.3 P iretaM rotkaF narajalebme tapad gnaruk iretaM

miretid ,imahapid nagned aawsis helo kiab

inabebret asarem awsiS gnay iretam nagned

urug helo nakirebid

awsis adapek gnaur nakirebmem uruG

lah nakaynanem kutnu - muleb gnay lahimahapid

isuksidreb kutnu awsis huruynem uruG tapad awsis raga kopmolek malad id

habmanem gnilas namet irad isamrofninial gnay

.4 E rotkaF isaulav nakirebid gnay isaulavE

pukacnem muleb urug helo halet gnay iretam aumes

aynmulebes nakrajaid nakirebid gnay isaulavE

tapad muleb gnadakret ruku kalot idajnem

isnetepmok naiapacretekhelo hiarid gnay rasad awsis

nasalejnep nakirebmem ahasureb uruG muleb gnay iretam padahret nahabmat

isaulave malad taumret

nahabmat isaulave nakirebmem uruGraneb rasad isnetepmok raga - raneb

iapacret

.5 K nemejanaM rotkaF sale turut muleb awsiS

isautis nakatpicnemrajalebmep namayn gnay nagnanet nad

muleb gnadakret uruG

anasaus nakatpicnem tapad namayn gnay narajalebmep

gnanet nad

nanigniek imahamem ahasureb uruG

nakirebmem patet numan awsis id iamar gnay awsis adapek naruget nakitahrepmem nad maid raga salek

narajalep uruG iretam nakirebmem ahasureb

ignilesid nagned silunem narajalebmep adap sukof awsis raga bawaj aynat

igal iamar kadit nad narajalebmep

tapad hotnoc nairebmep kinket nadatireb silunem kinket kinket naanuggneP

apad ini laH .lisahreb aynaumes muleb nakatakid gnay napaggnat irad tahilret t


18

nakparetid gnay kinket aynada nopserem aynaumes kadit gnay awsis arap irad lasareb

.urug helo

rajaleb nataigek paites malaD - kiysa gnay awsis iapmujid parek hisam rajagnem

nakitahrepmem kadit ,ukgnabes namet nagned lorbognem id numalem ,urug hatnirep

gnay urug nakitahrepmem gnades nial gnay awsis taas salek malad id rudit nad salek

.rajagnem hariag nad tanim naktikgnabmem tapad tikides uti sativitka iagabreB

ret gnay utkaw kaynab anerak neisife gnaruk ipatet naka awsis rajaleb ais gnaub - ais

amirenem gnay namet adapek nasil araces atirecreb nakiysaek awsis arap taas adap

narajalebmep lisahla urug helo nakaidesid gnay utkaw nakitahrepmem apnat nasilut

.lamitpo gnaruk gnusgnalreb silunem

retsemes X salek adap silunem narajalebmeP isnetepmok amil irad iridret 2

adebreb aynutnet gnay rasad - nad adeb iridnes kitsiretkarak ikilimem - retkaraK .iridnes

gnay nalipmaretek ikilimem awsis arap raga nususid ajagnes tubesret adebreb gnay

macamreb - macamreb gnay nalipmareteK .macam - epes uti macam nalipmaretek itr

,)2.21 .DK adap( fisausrep fargarap kutneb malad aynnasagag naksilunem malad

sket nusuynem ,)3.21 DK adap( tapet gnay naaje nagned aracnawaw lisah silunem

iridnes irid napudihek nakrasadreb neprec nagnarak silunem ,)4.21 .DK adap( otadip

.nial gnaro namalagnep nakrasadreb neprec nagnarak silunem nad ,)1.61 DK adap(

macamreb gnay nalipmareteK - upmam awsis arap raga nakparahid uti macam

malad id uti nalipmaretek nakanuggnem tapad akerem aggnihes ayniasaugnem

irahes akerem napudihek - agned irah irajalep akerem gnay apa awhab nial atak n

ais kadit silunem nalipmaretek gnatnet - .ais


28

aud padahret isavresbo nakukalem aynah ini naitilenep malad numaN

inkay rasad isnetepmok DK adap( tapet gnay naaje nagned aracnawaw lisah silunem

)3.21 nad t nusuynem )4.21 .DK adap( otadip ske rasad isnetepmok audek anerak

.itiletid kutnu sugab gnay gnaulep ikilimem tubesret nakrapapid naka ini tukireB

.tubesret rasad isnetepmok aud naitilenep lisah gnatnet

3.4 lebaT kinkeT halasaM nahacemeP ahasU nad ,natabmaH , lebmeP naraja

siluneM uruG helo nakukaliD gnay

DK gnay kinkeTD nakanugi

gnay natabmaHD imalai

U ahas nakukaliD gnayuruG

:3.21 siluneMlisah

ek aracnawaw aparebeb malad nagned fargarap

nakanuggnemtapet gnay naaje

kinkeT silunem

atireb

muleb awsiSfitka tabilret

ajalebmep malad - gnay silunem nar

gnadesgnusgnalreb

gnay aideM gnaruk nakanugid

nagned iauses iretam

ajalebmep - nar

nakratnolem uruG naaynatrep aparebeb gnatnet awsis adapeknakirebid gnay iretam

nakanuggnem uruG malad DCL

iapmaynem - nak rewoptniop

4.21 : sket nusuyneM

otadip

kinkeT nairebmep

hotnoc

tilus awsiS arac imahamem otadip nusuynem

sitametsis gnay urug anerak

aynah nakirebmem

hotnoc - hotnocajas

bis awsiS ku namet nagnedakitek ukgnabes

ajalebmep - nargnusgnalreb

kaynabrepmem uruGhotnoc nakirebmem -

nagned otadip hotnoc idajnem awsis naparah

salej hibel awsis itakednem uruG

id iamar gnades gnay naparah nagned salek

nad maid awsisitahrepmem nak

narajalep


38

isavresbO naanaskaleP utkaW 4 .4 lebaT

utkaW DK

,simaK 91 -5- 1102

03.80:lkP - IW 51.01 B

3.21 eM : aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah siluntapet gnay naaje nakanuggnem nagned fargarap

,nineS 9-5- 1102 03.90:lkP - BIW 00.11

D na ,simaK 21 -5- 1102 03.80:lkP - BIW 51.01

4.21 otadip sket nusuyneM :

kinket itamrecnem haleteS - ad urug helo nakanugid gnay kinket awhab iuhatekid tap

.aynnaparenep malad natabmah iagabreb tapadret hadus aguj urug ipatet nakA

natabmah isatagnem kutnu ahasureb - tutap gnay arac iagabreb nagned uti natabmah

.iagrahid kutnu ikilimid gnay subalis nad PPR gnatnet nakrapapid naka ini tukireB

helo tapad uti subalis nad PPR malad anam gnay ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS

ayapu nad ,natabmah ,kinket gnatnet naksalejnem - gnay halasam nahacemep ayapu

nakparenem akitek lucnum gnay natabmah isatagnem malad urug helo nakukalid

silunem narajalebmep malad kinket .otadip sket silunem nad aracnawaw lisah


48

V BAB

PUTUNEP

nalupmiseK 1.5

nakiaruid halet gnay nasahabmep nad naitilenep lisah ispirksed nakrasadreB

.tukireb iagabes nalupmisek helorepid tapad akam VI BAB malad

d uruG helo nakanugiD gnay kinkeT 1.1.5 siluneM narajalebmeP mala

rasadreB 2 nakumetid naitilenep lisah nak :utiay ,silunem narajalebmep kinket

1( t ) atireb silunem kinke aracnawaw malad silunem .3.21 rasad isnetepmok kutnu

gnay naaje nakanuggnem nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah .tapet

2( hotnoc nairebmep kinkeT ) otadip sket nusuynem 4.21 rasad isnetepmok kutnu .

kinkeT nakpareneM malad uruG helo imalaiD gnay natabmaH 2.1.5

siluneM narajalebmeP

,amatreP itka nagned natiakreb urug helo imalaid gnay natabmah v awsis sati

ada tabmah 5 narajalebmep kinket nagned tagnamesreb gnaruk awsis )1( :utiay ,na

)2( ,nakanugid gnay silunem narajalebmep adap naitahrep naktasumem gnaruk awsis

)4( ,silunem narajalebmep akitek ukgnabes namet nagned kubis awsis )3( ,silunem

rebeb nakajregnem aynah awsis muleb awsis )5( nad ,urug nakirebid gnay sagut apa

.gnusgnalreb gnades gnay silunem narajalebmep malad fitka tabilret

,audeK aidem nagned natiakreb urug helo imalaid gnay natabmah

es gnaruk urug nakanugid gnay aidem )1( :utiay ,natabmah 2 ada narajalebmep iaus


58

)2( nad narajalebmep iretam nagned malad aladnek imalagnem urug gnadakret

.narajalebmep aidem naanuggnep

,agiteK iretam nagned natiakreb urug helo imalaid gnay natabmah

imahapid tapad gnaruk iretam )1( :utiay ,narajalebmep helo kiab nagned amiretid ,

.urug helo nakirebid gnay iretam nagned inabebret asarem awsis )2( nad awsis

,tapmeeK isaulave nagned natiakreb urug helo imalaid gnay natabmah

aumes pukacnem muleb urug helo nakirebid gnay isaulave )1( :utiay ,narajalebmep

bes nakrajaid halet gnay iretam gnadakret nakirebid gnay isaulave )2( nad aynmule

naiapacretek ruku kalot idajnem tapad muleb helo hiarid gnay rasad isnetepmok

.awsis

,amileK ,salek nemejanam nagned natiakreb urug helo imalaid gnay natabmah

autis nakatpicnem turut muleb awsis )1( :utiay nad namayn gnay narajalebmep is

gnadakret urug )2( nad gnanet gnay narajalebmep anasaus nakatpicnem tapad muleb

.gnanet nad namayn

3.1.5 ahasU - ahasu natabmaH isatagneM kutnu uruG helo hupmetiD gnay

ahasU - ahasu urug helo hupmetid gnay halasam nahacemep u kutn rasadreb

naiaru tukireB .nakumetid gnay tabmahgnep rotkaf ahasu - ahasu halasam nahacemep

.urug hupmetid gnay

amatreP , ahasu lasareb gnay natabmah isatagnem kutnu halasam nahacemep

rotkaf irad tamilak nakratnolem urug )1( halada awsis - sreb gnay tamilak tafi

kadit gnay awsis itakednem nalajreb urug )2( ,tagnamesreb awsis raga ”nanoyug“

naaynatrep nakratnolem urug )3( ,gnusgnalreb narajalebmep taas adap isartnesnok


68

ahasureb urug )4( ,narajalep nakitahrepmem kadit iridnes kubis gnay awsis adapek

ek imahamem nupiksem ,narajalebmep iretam itnaggnem arac nagned awsis nanigni

urug )5( nad ,irajalepid iaseles muleb aynmulebes gnay narajalebmep iretam

awsis gnicnamem utigeb nagned bawajnem awsis naidumek naaynatrep nakirebmem

.rikipreb kutnu

,audeK ahasu ahacemep lasareb gnay natabmah isatagnem kutnu halasam n

nad potpal naktaafnamem ahasureb urug )1( halada narajalebmep aidem rotkaf irad

nakanugid naka gnay aidem nakpaisrepmem urug )2( nad ,rajagnem akitek DCL

.ialumid silunem narajalebmep mulebes tinem aparebeb K ,agite ahasu nahacemep

narajalebmep iretam rotkaf irad lasareb gnay natabmah isatagnem kutnu halasam

lah nakaynanem kutnu awsis adapek gnaur nakirebmem urug )1( halada - gnay lah

kopmolek malad id isuksidreb kutnu awsis huruynem urug )2( nad imahapid muleb

a .nial gnay namet irad isamrofni habmanem gnilas tapad awsis rag ,tapmeeK ahasu

isaulave rotkaf irad lasareb gnay natabmah isatagnem kutnu halasam nahacemep

padahret nahabmat nasalejnep nakirebmem ahasureb urug )1( halada narajalebmep

mret muleb gnay iretam isaulave nakirebmem urug )2( nad isaulave malad tau

raneb rasad isnetepmok raga nahabmat - .iapacret raneb ,amileK ahasu nahacemep

halada salek nemejanam rotkaf irad lasareb gnay natabmah isatagnem kutnu halasam

man awsis nanigniek imahamem ahasureb urug )1( naruget nakirebmem patet nu

)2( nad narajalep nakitahrepmem nad maid raga salek id iamar gnay awsis adapek

aynat ignilesid nagned silunem narajalebmep iretam nakirebmem ahasureb urug

.igal iamar kadit nad narajalebmep adap sukof awsis raga bawaj


78

lpmI 2.5 naitileneP isaki

narajalebmep kinket naparenep lisah awhab nakkujnunem naitilenep lisaH

helo nakutnetid aynah kadit lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS id 2 retsemes X salek silunem

rajaleb tanim nad isavitom adap hibel ipatet nakparetid gnay kinket nad urug rotkaf

is naktikgnabmem kutnu nakparetid gnay kinket nupapa anrupmeses uata kiabeS .aws

halpatet rajaleb kutnu tanim ada kadit awsis irid malad akij awsis rajaleb isavitom

nigni gnay awsis tafis anerak ini laH .lamitpo araces nakparetid tapad kadit kinket

nad sabeb .askapid asib kadit

X salek id silunem narajalebmep malad urug helo nakparetid gnay kinkeT

2 retsemes lah ,lisahreb aynaumes muleb nakatakid tapad lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS

itukignem amales isartnesnokreb gnaruk gnay awsis pakis irad tahilret ini

arajalebmep namet nagned aracibreb kiysa hisam awsis aparebeB .salek id silunem n

ipaggnanem gnay awsis naigabes aynah nad ,salek id numalem gnay ada ,ukgnabes

.urug iskurtsni nad nasalejnep

isairavreb hibel gnay narajalebmep aidem nakahasugnem tapad nakparahid uruG

nakanugrepmem ulales nagnaj nad awsis naitahrep kiranem tapad raga tniop rewop .

rotkaf irad nialeS - nakatakid asib aguj halokes nagnukgnil ,nakrapapid gnay rotkaf

gnaruk vitka nakukalem kutnu gnukudnem .salek raul id silunem narajalebmep sati

anerak ini laH kadit itrepes gnukudnem gnay anarasarp nad anaras aynsatabret


88

narajalebmep nakadagnem kutnu aidem nagned ipakgnelid gnay namat tapadret

.salek raul id silunem

narabmag nakidajid tapad naitilenep lisah parahreb itilenep ,ini lah nakrasadreB

gnay ,urug igab naparenep gnatnet iskelfer iagabes nakanugid tapad ayntujnales

,uti nialeS .ini amales salek id nakukalid halet gnay silunem narajalebmep kinket

ayapu malad taafnam nakirebmem tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisah

ep kinket naparenep satilauk nagnabmegnep aggnihes silunem narajalebm

.lamitpo araces gnusgnalreb tapad silunem narajalebmep

naraS 3.5 - naraS

naras nakakumekid ini babbus malaD - nad ,halokes kahip ,urug :adapek naras

naraS .nial itilenep - .tukireb iagabes nakiaruid uti naras

,amatreP mep lisah irad VI bab adap nakijasid gnay itrepes naitilenep nasahab

naras akam - urug adapek nakakumekid gnay naras aisenodnI asahaB AMS X salek

.tukireb iagabes halada lutnaB ecuD alletS

.1 kinket naparenep ilabmek uajninem uruG - lah ,silunem narajalebmep kinket

duskamid ini narajalebmep padahret sukof hibel tapad awsis arap raga nak

.nakanaskalid gnay silunem

.2 gnaruk gnay awsis igab hibel gnay naitahrep nakirebmem uruG

malad nabmal gnay awsis igab nad salek id rajaleb akitek isartnesnokreb

.silunem narajalebmep iasaugnem


98

.3 uruG ,isairavreb gnay narajalebmep aidem nakanuggnem asib aynkadneh

nakanuggnem nagnaj tniop rewop suret araces - kiratret awsis raga surenem

.silunem narajalebmep itukignem

.4 gnay apa nagned apul kadit awsis ayapus hamur id sagut nakirebmem uruG

.irajalepid hadus

.5 kutnu awsis igab satilisaf nakaideynem/nakahasugnem halokes kahiP

narajalebmep aidem nakaideynem itrepes silunem narajalebmep gnajnunem

awsis raga naujutreb ini laH .kiranem nad ,pakgnel ,isairavreb hibel gnay

.silunem narajalebmep itukignem kiratret hibel

,audeK nagned natujnal naitilenep nakadagnem naka gnay ayntukireb itilenep igab

aynkitsiretkarak gnay halokes id naitilenep nakukalem aynkiabes amas gnay kipot

X salek awsis nagned amas ripmah 2 retsemes .lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS ini laH

m kutnu nakduskamid bmep kinket nakgnidnabme .nakparetid gnay silunem narajale


09

ATFAD AKATSUP R

.0991 .imisrahuS ,otnukirA naitileneP nemejanaM .atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ .

.6002 .ureH uyhaW sukinimoD ,idayhaC kinkeT -t recreB narajalebmeP kinke idutS atikanaK namaT id susaK -k atrakaygoY mekaP hisaK aniB kana . ispirkS 1S .

.DSU ,PIKF ,DISBP :atrakaygoY

.8002 .sankidpeD nakididneP nautaS takgniT adap naialineP kinkeT nad ledoMhagneneM nad rasaD :atrakaJ . D .sankidpe

.5002 .sankidpeD agiteK isidE :aisenodnI asahaB mumU sumaK aJ . ialaB :atrak

.akatsuP

.2002 .W ,oluG naitileneP igolodoteM .dubkidpeD :atrakaJ .

.5002 .rameO ,kilamaH metsiS nakididneP rasadreB narajagneP naanacnereP ..araskA imuB :atrakaJ

.9791 .treboR ,odaL hcaorppA cifitneicS A :gnihcaeT egaugnaL yabmoB . - .ihleD weN warG cM ataT - .lliH

.0102 .atinA ,eiL nakkitkarpmeM :gninraeL evitarepooC id gninraeL evitarepooC

gnauR -r .saleK gnau .aidemarG :atrakaJ

.8991 .adeirF ,gnosnugnaM asaiB rauL kanA nakididneP nad igolokisP .atrakaJ .

.1002 .nahruB ,orotnayigruN lad naialineP artsaS nad asahaB narajagneP ma ..MGU imonokE satlukaF :atrakaygoY

.1002 .hayitseoR rajaleB igetartS - rajagneM .atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ .

.6002 .aniW ,ayajnaS sesorP radnatS isatneiroreB narajalebmeP igetartSnakididneP .aideM adanerP anacneK :atrakaJ .

aweoS .7002 .temalS ,idn sisabreB mulukiruK malad gnitneP pesnoK aparebeB

isnetepmoK .DSU :atrakaygoY .ranimeS halakaM .

.2002 ,onrapeoS asahaB narajagneP aideM . aygoY atrak natakgnineP keyorP :.nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK tutitsnI iggniT naurugreP nagnabmekreP

.8991 .iratU irS ,otkaybuS asahaB narajagneP igolodoteM .dubkidpeD :atrakaJ .


19

.8891 .hC ,otnajuS acabmeM asahabreB nalipmareteK - siluneM - kutnu aracibreB.aisenodnI asahaB mumU hailuK ataM nad nakididneP nemetrapeD :atrakaJ

.naayadubeK

4002 .dammahuM ,ayruS . narajagneP nad narajalebmeP igolokisP :gnudnaB ..ysiarauQ inaB akatsuP

.4002 .ontayuS artsaS nad asahaB narajalebmeP kinkeT .CIS :ayabaruS .

.9891 .rutnuG yrneH ,nagiraT naitileneP utauS :asahaB narajagneP igolodoteMnaakatsupeK dneP nemetrapeD :atrakaJ . .naayadubeK nad nakidi

.6891 .rutnuG yrneH ,nagiraT asahabreB nalipmareteK narajagneP kinkeT .

.asakgnA :gnudnaB

.6891 .nagiraT ogajD nad rutnuG yrneH ,nagiraT nalipmareteK narajagneP kinkeTasahabreB .asakgnA :gnudnaB .

rutnuG yrneH ,nagiraT 891 . 2 . luneM si s asahabreB nalipmareteK utauS iagabe .

.asakgnA :gnudnaB

.7002 .ailataN acsisnarF ,uyaharirT nad acabmeM nalipmareteK narajalebmeP kinkeT iregeN rasaD halokeS I saleK awsiS aynnahacemeP nad ,natabmaH ,siluneM

002 narajA nuhaT ,ludiK gnunuG ,neyalP ,uluB 7002/6 . ispirkS 1S ..DSU .DISBP .atrakaygoY

.6002 .otnayrahdiW natakedneP -p artsaS nad asahaB narajalebmeP malad natakedne

ranimeS halakaM ,aisenodnI .DSU :atrakaygoY .


NARIPMAL


29


39


49

ISALUGNAIRT NAATAYNREP TARUS

:ini hawab id nagnatadnatreb gnaY

amaN ,.dP .S ,ANAJRAPUS .C :

natabaJ atrakaygoY ,lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS aisenodnI asahaB uruG :

atad sisilana nad helorepid gnay atad awhab nakgnarenem ini nagneD :luduj nagned ispirks adap nakukalid halet gnay

NARAJALEBMEP ISASILAMITPO NAD ,NATABMAH ,KINKET

NUHAT ,LUTNAB ECUD ALLETS AMS X SALEK AWSIS SILUNEM

1102 /0102 NARAJA .aynranebes nagned nakukalid halet ,

,atrakaygoY 1 2102 teraM

kidiyneP

.dP .S ,ANAJRAPUS .C


59 2 naripmaL

ARACNAWAW LISAH PIRKSNART

X SALEK URUG

T : ?silunem narajalebmep malad nakanug kapaB gnay ajas apa kinkeT

J : awsis aynkokoP .hamarec nad ,hotnoc nairebmep ,bawaj aynat kinkeT nad nakragnednem uam ,gnanes taubid nikgnum asibes ,askapid nagnaj

.narajalep itukignem malad id gnanet

T : natabmaH - nakparenem malad imala kapaB gnay ajas apa natabmahkinket - besret kinket ?tu

J : adebreb gnay awsis kitsiretkarak nad tafiS - aparebeb ada naidumeK .adeb aggnihes rubil sibah ualak igalapa ,RP nakajregnem apul gnires gnay awsis

.salek id RP nakajregnem awsis arap ilakgnires

T : it ulal RP nakajregnem apul gnires awsis arap akiteK gnay apa nakadn ?akerem padahret nakukal kapaB

J : ini nahabmat saguT .akerem adapek nahabmat sagut nakirebmem ayaS gnay isnetepmok gnatnet akerem namahamep habmanem tapad nakparahid

.nakrajaid gnades

T : ayapU - agnem kutnu hupmet kapaB gnay ajas apa ayapu natabmah isat -?uti natabmah

J : P amatre nagned aynlasim kiranem gnay narajalebmep nakatpicnem ,oediv nakratumem - nagned nagnubuhreb hisam aynutnet gnay oediv

.nakrajaid gnades gnay isnetepmok audeK , adapek naitahrep nakirebmem uam uti kana raga narajalep nakitahrepmem gnaruk nad iamar gnay kana

.igal narajalep nakitahrepmem

T : takgnit iuhategnem kutnu nakukalid gnay isaulave anamiagaB?narajalebmep malad awsis nalisahrebek

J : uggnem nagned isaulavE iD .nasil nupuam silutret araces kiab set nakan imahamem upmam hadus aynnagnabmekrep tahilid tapad kana inis hadus kana tahilret aguj uti nialeS .nakrajaid gnay rasad isnetepmok nakajregnem akitek kopmolek nupuam iridnam araces ajrekeb upmam

sagut - ay sagut .urug nakirebid gn

nagnareteK :

T : )itileneP ,itnatsirhC( aynaT

J : alletS AMS aisenodnI asahaB uruG ,.dP .S onojrapuS kapaB ( bawaJ.)lutnaB ecuD


69

3 naripmaL

NAITILENEP NEMURTSNI

P malad namodeP e O naanaskal isavresb

narajaleP iretaM aisenodnI asahaB :

/saleK retsemeS II retsemeS X :

isnetepmoK radnatS siluneM :

sket nad fargarap nasilunep iulalem isamrofni nakpakgnugneM .8

otadip

rasaD isnetepmoK h siluneM 1.8 : nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisa

.tapet gnay naaje nakanuggnem

otadip sket siluneM 2.8

.oN siluneM narajalebmeP kinkeT nakanugiD kadiT

nakanugid

.1 rabmag irad siluneM

.2 gnusgnal kejbo siluneM

.3 gnusgnal kejbo nagnidnabreP

.4 P nasilut aud nagnidnabme

.5 nasilut akgnarek taubmeM

.6 iridnes irid siluneM

.7 atirec siluneM

.8 nairah ukub siluneM

.9 etkid nakrasadreB

.01 nagnasapreb golaiD


79

3 naripmaL

siluneM narajalebmeP kinkeT isavresbO rabmeL

narajaleP iretaM nI asahaB : aisenod




otadip

rasaD isnetepmoK nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah siluneM 1.8 :


eM 2.8 otadip sket silun

naataynreP - taas adap isavresbo nataigek nagned natiakreb ini tukireb naataynrep

.gnusgnalreb narajalebmep

urug helo nakanugid gnay silunem narajalebmep kinkeT .a .1

........................................................................ .........................................................................

............................................................................................................................. ....................

...................................... ...........................................................................................................

pahaT .b - silunem narajalebmep kinket naanaskalep pahat

............................................................................................. ....................................................

............................................................................................................................. ....................

........................................................... ......................................................................................


89

3 naripmaL

.2 natabmaH - silunem narajalebmep kinket nakparenem akitek lucnum gnay natabmah

isiK :I lebaT - salek id nakukalid gnay isavresbo isik





otadip



et siluneM 2.8 otadip sk

urug imalaid gnay natabmaH

natabmaH macaM aY kadiT

sativitkA awsiS

.a gnay kinket nagned tagnamesreb awsis hakapA?urug nakanugid

.b adap naitahrep naktasumem awsis hakapA?silunem narajalebmep

.c akitek ukgnabes namet nagned kubis awsis hakapAjalebmep ?silunem nara

.d gnay sagut aumes nakajregnem awsis hakapA?urug nakirebid

.e malad fitka tabilret awsis aumes hakapA?gnusgnalreb gnades gnay silunem narajalebmep

narajalebmeP aideM

.a nagned iauses urug nakanugid gnay aidem hakapA


99

3 naripmaL

?narajalebmep

.b lagnem urug hakapA malad aladnek ima?aidem naanuggnep

iretaM

.a nagned ,amiretid ,imahapid tapad iretam hakapA?awsis helo kiab

.b iretam nagned inabebret asarem awsis hakapA?urug helo nakirebid gnay

isaulavE

.a urug helo nakirebid gnay isaulave hakapAet gnay iretam aumes pukacnem nakrajaid hal

?aynmulebes

.b idajnem tapad nakirebid gnay isaulave hakapA gnay rasad isnetepmok naiapacretek ruku kalot

?awsis helo hiarid

saleK nemejanaM

.a anasaus nakatpicnem tapad urug hakapA?gnanet nad namayn gnay narajalebmep

.b akatpicnem turut awsis hakapA isautis n?gnanet nad namayn gnay narajalebmep


001

3 naripmaL

.3 kinkeT silunem narajalebmep natabmah isatagnem malad urug helo hupmetid gnay




ofni nakpakgnugneM .8 sket nad fargarap nasilunep iulalem isamr

otadip




.oN natabmaH macaM /ayapU isuloS

.1

.2

.3

awsiS

.a urug araC gnanes anasaus nakatpicnem gnay kinket nagned narajalebmep akitek

nakparetid

.b isartnesnok nakatpicnem kutnu urug ayapUnarajalebmep adap awsis irid id

.c nu urug ayapU awsis taubmem kut/nakanaskalem sagut aumes nakajregnemnakirebid gnay

.d nu urug nakadniT awsis nakatpicnem kutnarajalebmep malad fitka gnay

narajalebmeP aideM

aidem nakatpicnem malad urug ayapU .anakanugid gnay kinket gnukudnem gnay

natilusek imalagnem akij urug nakadniT .baidem naanuggnep malad

iretaM

wsis arap raga urug ahasu anamiagaB .a a


101

3 naripmaL

gnades gnay iretam amirenem tapadkiab nagned nakrajaid

kadit kutnu urug ahasu anamiagaB .b iretam nagned inabebret awsis taubmem

silunem narajalebmep

isiK :2 lebaT - aracnawaW isik



tS isnetepmoK radna siluneM :


otadip




.oN avresboiD gnay laH gnay naaynatreP/isD nakujai

nabawaJ

.1

.2

.3

malad nakanugid gnay ajas apa kinkeT?silunem narajalebmep

malad urug iumetid gnay apa natabmaH?silunem narajalebmep kinket naparenep

kinkeT kutnu urug nakahasuid gnay apalucnum gnay natabmah isatagnem


201

a4 naripmaL

lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS 2 retsemeS X saleK siluneM narajalebmeP PPR

NARAJALEBMEP NAANASKALEP ANACNER

2.21

nakididneP nautaS : AMS lutnaB ecuD alletS

narajaleP ataM aisenodnI asahaB :

/saleK retsemeS X : / paneG

utkaW isakolA : 54 x 4 tinem

S .A isnetepmoK radnat

21 . otadip sket nad fargarap nasilunep iulalem isamrofni nakpakgnugneM

rasaD isnetepmoK .B

kutnu nasagag siluneM 2.21 /naknikayem nakukalem uata pakisreb acabmep kajagnemfisausrep fargarap kutneb malad utauses

rotakidnI .C

eM kipot ratfadn - fitatnemugra fargarap idajnem nakgnabmekid tapad gnay kipotnaitilenep lisah nakrasadreb

fisausrep fargarap akgnarek nusuyneM fisausrep fargarap idajnem nususid halet gnay akgnarek nakgnabmegneM ak( asualkratna gnubuhgnep atak nakanuggneM ).lld ,itrepes ,ualak ,akij ,aner malad

fisausrep fargarap namet silutid gnay fisausrep fargarap gnitnuyneM

narajalebmeP naujuT .D nakgnabmekid tapad gnay salejnep edi nad kokop edi nakutnenem upmam awsiS

fitatnemugra fargarap idajnem ilunem upmam awsiS salejnep edi nad kokop edi nakrasadreb fitatnemugra fargarap s fargarap malad tamilak ratna gnubuhgnep atak nakanuggnem upmam awsiS

fitatnemugra fitatnemugra fargarap gnitnuynem upmam awsiS fitatnemugra fargarap kitsiretkarak nakutnenem upmam awsiS

.E narajalebmeP iretaM

fisausrep fargarap hotnoC

iric - fisausrep fargarap iric kipot - fisausrep fargarap kipot fisausrep fargarap akgnarek fisausrep fargarap malad asualkratna gnubuhgnep atak naanuggnep

/nataigeK .F narajalebmeP oiranekS

srep fargarap acabmeM fisau


301

a4 naripmaL

fisausrep fargarap kitsiretkerak isakifitnedigneM fisausrep fargarap siluneM helo ,naikimed nagned uti anerak helo( tamilakratna gnubuhgnep atak nakanuggneM

fisausrep fargarap malad ).lld ,uti babes met silutid gnay fitatnemugra fargarap gnitnuyneM na

narajalebmeP edoteM .G

hamareC isuksiD bawaj aynaT

narajalebmeP aideM nad rebmuS .H

.1 .0102 .kkd ,itU ,itawamraD : netalK ,AM/AMS kutnu X aisenodnI asahaB natnI.arawiraP .mlh

fareK syroG ,isisopmoK .2 ukaB asahaB ataT .3

: naialineP .I

:seT noN )udividni ,kopmolek sagut( set ecnamrofreP

)aynnial ,GP ,naiarU( silutreT seT isatneserP


3.21





isnetepmoK radnatS .A


rasaD isnetepmoK .B

naaje nakanuggnem nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah siluneM 3.21tapet gnay

rotakidnI .C

eneM kipot nakutn


401

a4 naripmaL

id ,apais ,apa( isi napakgnelek nakitahrepmem nagned naaynatrep ratfad nusuyneM )anamiagab nad ,apagnem ,napak ,anam

kokop tatacneM - aracnawaw irad helorepid gnay isamrofni kokop je nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah naksiluneM acab adnat nad naa

raneb gnay narajalebmeP naujuT .D

kipot nakutnenem upmam awsiS isi napakgnelek nakitahrepmem nagned naaynatrep ratfad nusuynem upmam awsiS

)anamiagab nad ,apagnem ,napak ,anam id ,apais ,apa( kokop tatacnem upmam awsiS - isamrofni kokop aracnawaw irad helorepid gnay naaje nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah naksilunem upmam awsiS

raneb gnay acab adnat nad narajalebmeP iretaM .E

aran irad isamrofnI - rebmus

aracnawaw kipot naaynatrep ratfad kokop - aracnawaw isi kokop nuggnep acab adnat nad naaje naa


iaracnawawid kutnu rebmusaran hilimeM id ,apais ,apa( isi napakgnelek nakitahrepmem nagned naaynatrep ratfad nusuyneM

)anamiagab nad ,apagnem ,napak ,anam rebmusaran nagned aracnawaw nakukaleM kokop tatacneM - aracnawaw irad helorepid gnay isamrofni kokop acab adnat nad naaje nagned fargarap aparebeb malad ek aracnawaw lisah naksiluneM

raneb gnay narajalebmeP edoteM .G



,itawamraD .1 .0102 .kkd ,itU : netalK ,AM/AMS kutnu X aisenodnI asahaB natnI.arawiraP .mlh

aracnawaw namodep ukub .2 : naialineP .I




501

a4 naripmaL

AJALEBMEP NAANASKALEP ANACNER NAR

4.21



retsemeS /saleK / X : paneG




rasaD isnetepmoK .B

otadip sket nusuyneM 4.21

rotakidnI .C

gnay tamilak nakanuggnem nagned akgnarek nakrasadreb otadip sket nusuyneM imahapid hadum

namet nasilut otadip sket gnitnuyneM narajalebmeP naujuT .D

sadreb otadip sket nusuynem upmam awsiS nakanuggnem nagned akgnarek nakra imahapid hadum gnay tamilak

namet nasilut otadip sket gnitnuynem upmam awsiS narajalebmeP iretaM .E

putunep ,isi ,akubmep tamilaK

tarays - kipot tarays kipot rebmus otadip sket akgnarek otadip sket malad asahab naanuggnep


naujut nad kipot nakutneneM otadip akgnarek nusuyneM gnay tamilak nakanuggnem nagned akgnarek nakrasadreb otadip sket nusuyneM

imahapid hadum namet nasilut otadip sket gnitnuyneM




601

a4 naripmaL


.0102 .kkd ,itU ,itawamraD .1 : netalK ,AM/AMS kutnu X aisenodnI asahaB natnI.arawiraP .mlh

otadip nagned natiakreb gnay ukuB .2 dyE ukuB .3

: naialineP .I

:seT noN i ,kopmolek sagut( set ecnamrofreP )udividn



1.61





pmoK radnatS .A isnete

61 . neprec malad ek nial gnaro nad iridnes irid namalagnep nakpakgnugneM

rasaD isnetepmoK .B

,ukalep( neprec malad iridnes irid napudihek nakrasadreb nagnarak siluneM 1 .61)ratal ,awitsirep

rotakidnI .C

nagnubuhreb gnay kipot nakutneneM silunem kutnu iridnes irid napudihek nagnedkednep atirec

nad utkaw igolonork nakitahrepmem nagned kednep atirec akgnarek siluneMawitsirep

,ukalep( neprec kutneb malad taubid halet gnay akgnarek nakgnabmegneM ahrepmem nagned )kilfnok ,ratal ,awitsireP .naaje nad ,acab adnat ,atak nahilip nakit

narajalebmeP naujuT .D iridnes irid napudihek nagned nagnubuhreb gnay kipot nakutnenem upmam awsiS

kednep atirec silunem kutnu igolonork nakitahrepmem nagned kednep atirec akgnarek silunem upmam awsiS

nad utkaw awitsirep


701

a4 naripmaL

neprec kutneb malad taubid halet gnay akgnarek nakgnabmegnem upmam awsiS nad ,acab adnat ,atak nahilip nakitahrepmem nagned )kilfnok ,ratal ,awitsirep ,ukalep(

.naaje

narajalebmeP iretaM .E

neprec hotnoC

iric - kednep atirec iric c kipot tarays nepre kednep atirec akgnareK rusnu - )kilfnok ,ratal ,awitsirep ,ukalep( neprec rusnu


neprec siluneM namet silutid gnay neprec sahabmeM



rajalebmeP aideM nad rebmuS .H na


.2 neprec nalupmuk ukuB : naialineP .I



BMEP NAANASKALEP ANACNER NARAJALE

2.61






61 . ec malad ek nial gnaro nad iridnes irid namalagnep nakpakgnugneM nepr


801

a4 naripmaL

rasaD isnetepmoK .B

,ukalep( neprec malad nial gnaro namalagnep nakrasadreb nagnarak siluneM 2 .61)ratal ,awitsirep

rotakidnI .C

silunem kutnu nial gnaro namalagnep nagned nagnubuhreb gnay kipot nakutneneMkednep atirec

tirec akgnarek siluneM ratal ,awitsirep ,ukalep nakitahrepmem nagned kednep a ,awitsirep ,ukalep( neprec kutneb malad taubid halet gnay akgnarek nakgnabmegneM

.naaje nad ,acab adnat ,atak nahilip nakitahrepmem nagned ) ,ratal

narajalebmeP naujuT .D pot nakutnenem upmam awsiS silunem kutnu nial gnaro nagned nagnubuhreb gnay ki

kednep atirec ,ukalep nakitahrepmem nagned kednep atirec akgnarek silunem upmam awsiS

ratal ,awitsirep neprec kutneb malad taubid halet gnay akgnarek nakgnabmegnem upmam awsiS

,ratal ,awitsirep ,ukalep( nad ,acab adnat ,atak nahilip nakitahrepmem nagned )kilfnok.naaje

narajalebmeP iretaM .E

neprec hotnoC

iric - kednep atirec iric neprec kipot tarays kednep atirec akgnareK rusnu - )kilfnok ,ratal ,awitsirep ,ukalep( neprec rusnu

/nataigeK .F ebmeP oiranekS narajal

neprec siluneM namet silutid gnay neprec sahabmeM

narajalebmeP edoteM .G hamareC isuksiD bawaj aynaT



.2 prec nalupmuk ukuB ne : naialineP .I




901

b4 naripmaL

ATRAKAYGOY HAYALIW ATINAKARAT NASAYAY

ayraK tinU : lutnaB ecuD alletS AMS

tamalA : lutnaB ,orupilgnabmaB ,oylumrebmuS ,narujnaG

931763)4720( nopeleT

narajaleP ataM : nI artsaS nad asahaB aisenod retsemeS auD : saleK : )hulupeS( X T narajaleP nuha : 2102/1102

: isnetepmoK radnatS siluneM

.21 otadip sket nad fargarap nasilunep iulalem isamrofni nakpakgnugneM

isnetepmoKrasaD

rotakidnI iretaM

narajalebmeP narajalebmeP nataigeK naialineP isakolA

utkaW talA/nahaB rebmuS

siluneM .2.21 nasagag

kutnu/naknikayem

kajagnem acabmep pakisreb

uata nakukalem

utauses malad

kipot ratfadneM - gnay kipot idajnem nakgnabmekid tapad

fitatnemugra fargarapnaitilenep lisah nakrasadreb

fargarap akgnarek nusuyneMfisausrep

egneM akgnarek nakgnabm idajnem nususid halet gnay

fisausrep fargarap atak nakanuggneM

asualkratna gnubuhgnep ,itrepes ,ualak ,akij ,anerak(fisausrep fargarap malad).lld

fisausrep fargarap gnitnuyneM

fargarap hotnoCfisausrep

iric - p iric fargarafisausrep

kipot - kipotfisausrep fargarap

fargarap akgnarekfisausrep

atak naanuggnep gnubuhgnep

malad asualkratnafisausrep fargarap

fisausrep fargarap acabmeM isakifitnedigneM

fargarap kitsiretkerakfisausrep

fisausrep fargarap siluneM kanuggneM atak na

tamilakratna gnubuhgnep nagned uti anerak helo(

).lld ,uti babes helo ,naikimedfisausrep fargarap malad

fargarap gnitnuyneM silutid gnay fitatnemugra

namet

:seT noN set ecnamrofreP

sagut( ,kopmolek

)udividni silutreT seT

,GP ,naiarU()aynnial

erP isatnes

54 x 4tinem

.0102 .kkd ,itU ,itawamraD .1 kutnu X aisenodnI asahaB

: netalK ,AM/AMS natnI.arawiraP .mlh

fareK syroG ,isisopmoK .2 ukaB asahaB ataT .3


011

b4 naripmaL

kutneb fargarap

fisausrep

namet silutid gnay

siluneM .3.21 lisah

aracnawaw malad ek aparebeb

fargarap nagned

akanuggnemay naaje n gn

tapet

kipot nakutneneM naaynatrep ratfad nusuyneM

nakitahrepmem nagned id ,apais ,apa( isi napakgnelek

nad ,apagnem ,napak ,anam )anamiagab

kokop tatacneM - kokop irad helorepid gnay isamrofni

aracnawaw aracnawaw lisah naksiluneM

garap aparebeb malad ek far acab adnat nad naaje nagned

raneb gnay

aran irad isamrofnI - rebmus

aracnawaw kipot naaynatrep ratfad kokop - isi kokop

aracnawaw naaje naanuggnep

acab adnat nad

kutnu rebmusaran hilimeM* iaracnawawid

naaynatrep ratfad nusuyneM nakitahrepmem nagned

ek id ,apais ,apa( isi napakgnel nad ,apagnem ,napak ,anam

)anamiagab aracnawaw nakukaleM

rebmusaran nagned kokop tatacneM - kokop

irad helorepid gnay isamrofni aracnawaw

aracnawaw lisah naksiluneM fargarap aparebeb malad ek acab adnat nad naaje nagned

gnay raneb


sagut( ,kopmolek



isatneserP

54 x 4tinem



aracnawaw namodep ukub .2

nusuyneM .4.21 otadip sket

otadip sket nusuyneM nagned akgnarek nakrasadreb

gnay tamilak nakanuggnem imahapid hadum

nasilut otadip sket gnitnuyneMnamet

,isi ,akubmep tamilaKputunep

tarays - kipot tarays kipot rebmus sket akgnarek

otadip naanuggnep

sket malad asahabotadip

naujut nad kipot nakutneneM otadip akgnarek nusuyneM otadip sket nusuyneM

nagned akgnarek nakrasadreb gnay tamilak nakanuggnem

imahapid hadum otadip sket gnitnuyneM

namet nasilut


sagut( ,kopmolek


( ,GP ,naiarU)aynnial

isatneserP

54 x 4tinem



natiakreb gnay ukub .2otadip nagned

DyE ukub


111

b4 naripmaL

: isnetepmoK radnatS siluneM

.61 nakpakgnugneM neprec malad ek nial gnaro nad iridnes irid namalagnep

isnetepmoKrasaD

rotakidnI iretaM

narajalebmeP narajalebmeP nataigeK naialineP isakolA

utkaW talA/nahaB rebmuS

1.61 siluneM nagnarak

nakrasadreb napudihek iridnes irid

malad neprec

,ukalep(irep ,awits

)ratal

gnay kipot nakutneneM nagned nagnubuhreb

kutnu iridnes irid napudihekkednep atirec silunem

atirec akgnarek siluneM nagned kednep

igolonork nakitahrepmemawitsirep nad utkaw

akgnarek nakgnabmegneM malad taubid halet gnay

ec kutneb ,ukalep( nepr )kilfnok ,ratal ,awitsirep

nakitahrepmem nagned nad ,acab adnat ,atak nahilip

.naaje

neprec hotnoC

iric - atirec irickednep

neprec kipot tarays atirec akgnareK

kednep rusnu - rusnu

,ukalep( neprec ,ratal ,awitsirep

)kilfnok

neprec siluneM meM silutid gnay neprec sahab

namet


sagut( ,kopmolek



isatneserP

54 x 4tinem

.1 .0102 .kkd ,itU ,itawamraD kutnu X aisenodnI asahaB


.2 eprec nalupmuk ukub n

2.61 siluneM nagnarak

nakrasadreb namalagnep

nial gnaro malad

gnay kipot nakutneneM nagned nagnubuhreb

kutnu nial gnaro namalagnepkednep atirec silunem

kednep atirec akgnarek siluneM ,ukalep nakitahrepmem nagned

neprec hotnoC

iric - atirec irickednep

neprec kipot tarays atirec akgnarek

neprec siluneM silutid gnay neprec sahabmeM

namet


sagut( ,kopmolek


54 x 4tinem

.0102 .kkd ,itU ,itawamraD .1senodnI asahaB kutnu X ai

natnI : netalK ,AM/AMS.mlh .arawiraP

neprec nalupmuk ukub


211

b4 naripmaL

neprec ,ukalep(

,awitsirep)ratal

p ratal ,awitsire akgnarek nakgnabmegneM

kutneb malad taubid halet gnay ,ratal ,awitsirep ,ukalep( neprec

nakitahrepmem nagned ) nad ,acab adnat ,atak nahilip

.naaje

kednep rusnu - snu ru

,ukalep( neprec ,ratal ,awitsirep

)kilfnok


isatneserP


311

SILUNEP ATADOIB

audek kana halada itnaT liggnapid barka gnay itnatsirhC

adap atrakaygoY ,lutnaB id rihal gnay araduasreb agit irad

nagnasap irad audek irtuP .9891 rebmevoN 62 laggnat

ilawagnem ini itnawaT anitnelaV nad anatramuS sunitnelaV

mrof nakididnep suisinaK )DS( rasaD halokeS id aynla

adaP .1002 nuhat adap sulul nad 5991 nuhat adap natunaK

suisinaK )PMS( amatreP hagneneM halokeS iwsis iagabes ratfadret 1002 nuhat

ek aynhalokes naktujnalem aid 4002 nuhat adaP .lutnaB orupilgnabmaB

hagneneM halokeS .7002 nuhat adap sulul nad lutnaB ecuD alletS )AMS( satA

hibel gnay nakididnep gnajnej ek naktujnalem aid ,AMS tamat haleteS

nuhat aggnih 7002 nuhat kajeS .atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU id iggnit

margorP iwsisaham iagabes ratfadret aid 2102 artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP idutS

,nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF ,)DISBP( hareaD nad ,aisenodnI

PMS ukgnab id kudud hisam kajeS .atrakaygoY ,amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

nupuam halokes id ada gnay isasinagro iagabreb itukignem fitka aid hailuk aggnih

u hiar aid lisahreb )1S( utaS atartS raleg ,2102 nuhat nahagnetrep adaP .satisrevin

ludujreb ispirks nusuynem nagned nahacemeP nad ,natabmaH ,kinkeT

otadiP skeT nad aracnawaW lisaH siluneM narajalebmeP malad halasaM

adap D alletS AMS 2 retsemeS X saleK awsiS narajA nuhaT ,lutnaB ecu

1102/0102 .


plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpujirepository.usd.ac.id/21714/2/071224037_full.pdf · jurusan...

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