plants redwood picture. plants are broken into two main divisions: non vascular – did not have...
TRANSCRIPT
Plants are broken into two main divisions:
Non vascular – did not have tubelike tissues to move water and food:
mosses, liverworts and hornworts Vascular – have tubelike tissues that
move water and food through the plants:
Ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms
Vascular plants Two types: Seedless – ferns, horsetails & club
mosses Seed plants – gymnosperms and
angiosperms
Fern
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm
Gymnosperms Four major characteristics of
gymnosperms are 1) Seeds are not enclosed in a fruit 2) Do not produce flowers 3) Leaves are needlelike 4) Many are evergreen
Major Gymnosperms Cycads – look like a palm tree Ginkgo – has a split leave Gnetophytes – an ornamental bush or
shrub Conifers are cone bearing Gymnosperms
- spruce, firs, junipers and pine trees – (Many look like Christmas trees)
Redwoods are the tallest conifer
Other Characteristics of Gymnosperms They secrete (produce) a sticky
substance called resin Cones contain the unprotected seed of a
conifer (cone is the “fruit”) The wood of conifers is softwood, so it is
widely used in the building industry Fragrant wood for closets and chests is
cedar
ANGIOSPERMS Major characteristics of angiosperms are 1) Produce Flowers 2) Lose their leaves in winter (usually) 3) Produce a fruit in which their seeds
are contained
One type of Angiosperm is a Monocots (characteristics)1) One seed coat (monocotyledon)2) Long narrow leaves3) Flower parts in multiples of threesExamples – grass, wheat, orchids, palm tree, tiger lily
Another type of Angiosperm is Dicot (characteristics)1) Two seed coats (dicotyledon)2) Broad leaves3) Flowers in multiples of fours or fivesExamples – cactus, oaks, magnolia trees, lima beans, rose, maples, sunflowers
Flower Parts and Their Functions Stamen – male part of the flower Filament – the stalk of the stamen Pistil – female part of the flower Style – connects stigma and ovary Stigma – sticky top of the pistil Ovary – swollen base of the pistil Petal – colorful part of the flower Sepals – tiny leaves that protect the flower
bud
Pollination and Fertilization of plants Pollination – transfer of pollen from the
anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower
Fertilization – the pollen forms a tube which grows down into the egg, and the sperm (pollen) unites with the egg (ovule) to form a seed.