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269 - 278
269
-
l -
0I
mgl , (1) I .
Imgl /2
tA cos . (2) /2 mgI /2
2
2mglI . (3)
270
1Tm , 1Tl 22 , TT lm
TLL lm ,
211122
TTLTTTLLTT
mmmlmlmlm . (4)
tn ntn / .
22/mgI .
f fI .
2mII o
l
gl
mglI
mglmlI
mglI oo 222 2 . (5)
271
cM
c
cI /2 , (6) I
Ic 224 . (7)
sE 4
2 os rlEMc . (8)
272
44 22/2
22osos rl
ErlEMc . (9)
c IrT
lcrlE
oos 424
22 . (10)
L m212/1 mLI mt
2dmI tt d
22 2121 dmmLI t . (11)
xbF
xbkxxm . (12) o , ( 2omk
mb 2 02 2xxx o . (13)
o o -
ttAtx o sinexp . (14)
o222 o
tAtA o exp .
TTtAtAk exp . (15)
273
: TTtA
tAk lnln . (16)
oAAt :0
--
---
,
F o .
274
tFf Fo cos xf xf
tFxxxm Fo cos . (17)
2/ omk 2/m oo fmF / .
tfxxx Foo cos2 2 . (18)
o
pFo xttAx cosexp . (19)
tAx Fp cos .
fAA FFo sin2cos22 ; 0cos2sin22 FFo AA . (20)
22
2Fo
Ftg , (21)
2222 4 FFo
fA . (22)
222 , 2orF . (23)
222 o
rfA . (24)
275
j.
6..
.
-
. e
). .
.
276
.
oo sx
oo sxkmg .
ooo gmRsxk sinsin oo Rs .
o
sxkRgmI '.. . (25) xo e e
sxkxm .. . (26)
2om
k 2oIgm . (27)
Rs12ImR
xRoo11 22 ,
277
Rxx oo 22 . (28)
21221 o 222 o .
tt ooooAo 221cos2
21cos ,
ttxxx ooooAo 221sin2
21sin . (29)
A f
fAAo
tt 2cos2cos ,
fAAottxxx 2sin2sin . (30)
R
278
122
AAxx . (31)
.
1.
2. 3.
School experiments on oscillations
Abstract: A few experiments on oscillation, which require bigger commitment from the students in both performing the experiment and using mathematical knowledge is shown in this paper. However, the laws of physics, which are visibly demonstrated, justify the invested effort. The conditions of oscillation of physical pendulum and the oscillation of torsion pendulum are analyzed. Also the oscillation in the case when amortization due to the effect of compulsory periodic force and coupled oscillation of two pendulums are analyzed too.
Keywords: oscillation, pendulum, resonance